Dissertations / Theses: 'Parental quality'

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Young, Tammy. "Parental Characteristics and Parent-Child Relationship Quality in Families with Disabled Children." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4698.

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Parenting can be very challenging, especially when raising a disabled child. Children with disabilities require more supports and are more likely to be abused. The parent-child relationship is an important factor in ensuring child welfare. Little research has focused on identifying the impact of parenting characteristics on raising a child with a disability. The purpose of this study was to examine whether parenting style, parenting competence, and parenting stress were predictors of parent-child relationship quality in parents of children with disabilities ages 3 to 12 years. This study was quantitative and used multiple linear regression to identify predictor variables of the quality of the parent-child relationship. A convenience sample of 244 parents identified through a Qualtrics participant pool completed online surveys. Minuchin's structural family theory was used to guide this research and identify how challenges, such as raising a child with a disability, can cause distress when families are unable to adapt and parents are unable to maintain authority. Parenting factors were assessed using the Parenting Stress Index-4 Competence subscale, the Parenting Stress Index-4 SF, and the Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire. The quality of the parent-child relationship was assessed using the Parent-Child Relationship Inventory. The results of this study indicated that all parenting factors examined were significant predictors of the parent-child relationship quality. Age of the child was not a predictor. These findings have positive social change implications and can be used to increase practitioner knowledge of the impact of these parenting characteristics on parent-child relationship quality. Modification of treatment models could improve parenting behaviors, reduce parental stress and incidents of child abuse, and assess for the most conducive parenting styles for raising a disabled child.

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Nix, Meghan. "The Relationship between Parental Stress, Parent-child Interaction Quality, and Child Language Outcomes." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2013. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/iph_theses/279.

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Language skills developed in early childhood are important for literacy and communication in childhood as well as future adult literacy skills and health. Certain demographic characteristics and parent-child interaction skills have been identified through previous research as being influential in child language development. Parental stress has also been associated with child language outcomes. This study aims to explore whether parents’ interactive relational skills, measured by an observational method, are significantly related to children’s verbal outcome, while controlling for demographic variables and parental stress. Participants included mothers of children aged 4-6 who completed measures of parental interaction quality, parental stress, and demographic characteristics. Their children competed a language skill measure. Results indicated that even when controlling for demographic variables and parental stress, the relationship between parent-child interaction quality and child language outcomes remained significant. These findings suggest that increasing positive parent-child interaction skills may be beneficial for increasing children’s language skills.

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Salaam, Chandra G. "Parental perceptions of school quality: factors influencing African-American parents' satisfaction with the quality and operation of Clara Mohammed schools." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 2005. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/2287.

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Brown v. Board of Education, 347 U.S. 483 (1954), brought great hopes to African-American parents that their vision for getting quality education for their children would be realized through equal access, resources, and outcomes in public schools. After 50 years of educational reforms to bring parity to traditionally underserved children, almost all of the data indicate that, on the average, public schools do not serve African- American students well. Possible evidence of the public school failure phenomena is the achievement gap between African-American and other students. The most striking response to this gross underachievement is the establishment of independent schools by African-Americans. The Clara Mohammed Schools (CMS) are independent Islamic schools established by African-American Muslims. This quantitative research used the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) to analyze the survey data collected from 204 parent respondents who chose CMS for their children during the 2004-2005 school year. The statistical procedures included Pearson Correlation, Frequency, Factor Analysis, and Multiple Regression. The Reliability test indicated that all ten of the survey components were reliable and constructed of similar measure. Pearson Correlation tested CMS factors and parent demographic variables. Those variables included: religion, school climate, culturally infused curriculum, academic excellence, identity (African-American), community and parent involvement, character and leadership development, affordable tuition, teacher quality, satisfaction with the quality and operation of CMS, and the parents' religion, marital status, ethnicity, gender, age range, K-12 school-type attended, income, and highest education level attained. Seven of the 10 null hypotheses were rejected indicating that parents were overall satisfied with the quality and operation of the CMS they had chosen. Multiple Regression was used to test the design model where satisfaction with the quality and operation of CMS is the dependent variable and all other variables were treated as independent variables to determine which independent variable are predictors of importance and satisfaction with the quality and operation of CMS. Character and leadership development and highest education level tend to explain satisfaction with the quality and operation of Clara Mohammed Schools significantly.

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Walters, Lindsey A. "Mate quality and parental investment in the house wren." Diss., Connect to online resource - MSU authorized users, 2008.

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Thesis (PH.D.)--Michigan State University. Zoology Ecology, Evolutionay Biology, and Behavior, 2008.
Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Aug. 11, 2009) Includes bibliographical references (p. 64-72). Also issued in print.

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Castillo, Michael G. (Michael George). "Perceived Influence of Single-Parent Sexual Behavior on Quality of Parenting and Sexual Development of Offspring." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1990. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331399/.

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Double standard effects in inferences about quality of parenting and adult sexual outcomes for children were investigated under five conditions of single-parent sexual behavior. The sample comprised six hundred married parents from three major metropolitan areas in Texas. Subjects were administered a scenario about a hypothetical single parent family. The scenario varied with respect to parent gender, child gender, and type of parental sexual activity (e.g., abstinence, limited affairs away from home, involvement with a live-in lover, frequent partners spending the night, and a control condition containing no sexual message). Subjects were asked to rate a parent from the scenario on quality of parenting and predict the adult sexual behavior of the child. Hypothesized double standard effects did not emerge. A double standard in judgments about sexually active single parents and parenting did appear. Main effects were found for child gender and sexual lifestyle of the parent (e.g., parents with boys rated less favorably than parents with girls; promiscuous fathers were rated lower than promiscuous mothers). Several interaction effects among parent gender, child gender, and sexual lifestyle condition were also found (e.g., promiscuous parents were rated lower as parents and seen as negatively influencing the child's sexual development). Recommendations for future research include refining the two scales used in this study; extending the study to include data from single parents; examining whether the judgments of sexually active single parents affect the quality and quantity of interactions others have with either the parent or child.

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Hsieh, Chia-Yin. "Parental choice of preschool in Taiwan." Thesis, University of Bath, 2008. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.486834.

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This research investigates parental choice in an active preschool education market in Taiwan. Most research into parental choice of school has been conducted in quasi-markets; markets that are highly regulated by government policy. The Taiwanese preschool market could be said to be a true market, operating through supply and demand and regulated by price. How parents operate in such markets and how their choice influences what is offered, is less explored. The research consisted of following eighteen parents through the choice process. Data collection methods involved diaries completed before the child started preschool and two in-depth interviews; one at the beginning of the school year and one nine months later. The parents who supplied the information came from different educational backgrounds, social status and family structures. For most it was their first experience of choosing an educational setting for their children. Using a rational choice theoretical framework the thesis argues that there was certain rationality in the parents’ process of choice but balancing the benefits and costs of preschool education was embedded in a wider family context. In addition, the findings show that whilst the parents were initially concerned about the more structural aspects of quality, their on-going engagement with the preschool provision enabled them to have a deeper understanding of process issues. However, there were other criteria that the parents used which would suggest that they were defining quality in a way that may be more influenced by Taiwanese life and culture. One implication is that the quality of preschool provision is not likely to improve if it is purely dependent on preschools wishing to meet the parents’expectations. However, neither will it improve if the contextual conditions are ignored. The implications for Taiwanese government preschool policy are discussed.

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Wang, Mo. "PARENTAL REARING, ATTACHMENT QUALITY AND SOCIAL ANXIETY AMONG CHINESE ADOLESCENTS." Thesis, Stockholm University, Department of Psychology, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-35722.

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This study investigated the extent to which memories of parental rearing were related to the quality of parent and peer attachment, and whether parent and peer attachment were correlated with social anxiety feelings among 510 Chinese high school students. Memories of parental rearing were measured by the My Memories of Upbringing for Children (EMBU-C), The Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (IPPA) was used to assess attachment quality and social anxiety was assessed by Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents (SAS-A) with adolescents in two age-groups. Consistent with findings from Western samples, the analyses revealed significant associations between attachment and memories of parental warm emotions as well as with memories of parental rejection. Attachment scores were related to level of social anxiety. Moreover, peer attachment was stronger associated with the adolescent¡¯s social anxiety feelings than parent attachment. However, the age differences were found across each measure scale. Furthermore, fathers showed a moderately more important role in the adolescent¡¯s social development than mothers. The findings indicate that in spite of considerable consistency with findings from Western studies, child-parent attachment in Chinese adolescents is also influenced by culture-specific practices that shape the youth-parent relationships and their meaning to the child.

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Mallory, Mark Laurence Carleton University Dissertation Biology. "Acid precipitation, female quality, and parental investment of common goldeneyes." Ottawa, 1991.

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Wardrop, Sharilynn L. "Reproductive performance in tree swallows provisioning, parental quality, and seasonal effects /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0013/MQ61511.pdf.

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Clarke, Sally Ann. "Parental communication about childhood cancer and the child's quality of life." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.490322.

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Casey, David Matthew. "The relationship between parental intervention into sibling conflict and the quality of children's sibling relationships." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1997. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1436.

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Malczyk, Benjamin R. "The effects of parental monitoring and parent-child relationships quality on children's academic engagement in mother-headed, single-parent families." Thesis, State University of New York at Albany, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3739216.

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Using a sample of 110 mother-headed single-parent families, this longitudinal study examined the relationship between pre-adolescent students’ academic engagement and three variables: Parental monitoring, parent-child attachment, and observed child-parent relationship quality. Special interest resided in the extent to which observed relationship quality or attachment moderated the relationship between parental monitoring and academic engagement.

Analyses indicated that observed relationship quality and parental monitoring predicted children’s academic engagement. However, evidence of moderation was found only for mother-headed families with a female child. In these families, both observed relationship quality and attachment moderated the relationship between parental monitoring and academic engagement. For girls, mothers’ parental monitoring and mother-child relationship quality predicted academic engagement. For boys, only parental monitoring was a significant predictor of academic engagement.

Analyses also examined the effect of family income on academic engagement. For low income families, only parental monitoring predicted engagement. For high income families, only observed relationship quality predicted engagement. Beyond these two sets of relationships, no evidence for income-driven mediation or moderation was found.

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Krill-Reiter, Leslie Elizabeth. "Parental Alienation as a Predictor of Adult Marital and Romantic Relationship Quality." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6448.

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Divorce rates have consistently risen over the past several decades along with the subsequent increase in parental alienation occurring after the breakup of the family. Parental alienation has long-term negative effects on children who have experienced it, including mental health issues, increased risk of substance abuse, lower levels of self-sufficiency, and decreased physical health. The purpose of this quantitative, nonexperimental study was to determine whether alienation from a parent during childhood impacts the quality of adult romantic and marital relationships of the children when they become adults. The Bowen family systems theory and theory of attachment were used as the framework for the study. A convenience sample included 170 adult participants over the age of 18 who were either married or involved in a dating relationship who had parents that divorced during their childhood between the individual's birth and the age of 14. The results from multiple regression analyses indicated that alienation from father was a significant predictor of marital or dating relationship quality, and alienation from mother was a significant predictor of relationship happiness, satisfaction, and quality. As alienation from father or mother scores increased, the criterion variable scores decreased. Anxious attachment was also a significant predictor of relationship satisfaction as higher scores on anxious attachment resulted in lower relationship satisfaction scores. These findings have positive social change implications as practitioners may use the results to help individuals better understand their relationships and identify the negative lasting effects of parental alienation in adult relationships.

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Ygge, Britt Marie. "Parental Involvement in Pediatric Hospital Care-Implications for Clinical Practice and Quality of Care." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4010.

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Macias-Brown, Armandina A. "An Ecological Understanding of Teacher Quality in Early Childhood Programs: Implications and Recommendations." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2011. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc68006/.

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This research examined whether or not relationships exist between preschool teacher quality and parent involvement as indicated by the Hoover-Dempsey and Sandler Model of Parent Involvement Survey. Additionally, the study also considered family income and child membership in special education as predictors of parent involvement. The survey instruments included the Early Childhood Environmental Rating Scale, Revised (ECERS-R) and the Hoover-Dempsey and Sandler Parent Involvement Survey. A total of 306 parents across 35 preschool classrooms participated in the study. Effect sizes, beta weights and structure coefficients from a series of multiple regression analyses measured the relationship between variables. A regression equation comprised of teacher quality, family income and child membership in special education was statistically significant in predicting parent school-based involvement. In the school-based involvement model the predictors teacher quality and child membership in special education accounted for a greater percentage of variance than did family income. Teacher quality demonstrated a small, negative beta weight but accounted for the greatest amount of variance among the three predictors within the school-based parent involvement model. A negative relationship between teacher quality and school-based parent involvement suggested that as teacher quality improved, parents reported less involvement in school-based activities and events. Findings for special education membership, however, demonstrated a reverse effect in the model and appeared to have a positive significant effect on school-based involvement of parents. The study contributes to the literature on the relationship between teacher quality and parent involvement in early childhood preschool programs.

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Malnar, Marietta. "Factors Related to Parental Approval of Adult Childrens' Engagement Relationships." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3120.

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This study examined possible factors that may influence parental approval for their adult child's engaged relationship. A total of 4,175 individuals completed the RELATE inventory. Among the items in the questionnaire were measures of parental approval, parents' marital quality, autonomy from family-of-origin, and relationship quality. Individuals also reported age, education, length of relationship, parents' marital status, and parents' socioeconomic status. Results from the linear regression analysis indicate that age, parental marital quality, autonomy from family-of-origin, and couple relationship quality all influence parental approval. What is interesting about these findings is the difference in the predictive power of males versus females. The female models accounted for much more variance than the males models, suggesting that approval may be more important to females among other possibilities which are discussed in depth. Length of the relationship and parental marital status did not influence parental approval. Clinical implications and directions for future research are discussed.

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Lundy, Heather F. "Parental Stress, Socioeconomic Status, Satisfaction with Services, and Family Quality of Life among Parents of Children Receiving Special Education Services." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/cps_diss/64.

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Family quality of life (FQOL) refers to the degree to which families of individuals with disabilities are able to meet their basic needs, enjoy time together, and pursue leisure interests and activities (Park et al., 2003). Researchers have identified barriers that families of individuals with disabilities encounter as they pursue a life of quality including elevated parental stress (Hauser-Cram, Warfield, Shonkoff, & Kraus, 2001), low socioeconomic status (SES) (Park, Turnbull, & Turnbull, 2002) and inadequate social service support (Soresi, Nota, & Ferrari, 2007). This study utilized data collected from a sample of parents (N = 389) of children receiving special education services from preschool through fifth grade to determine parental stress levels, satisfaction with social service supports and FQOL. Instruments included a demographic questionnaire, Parental Stress Scale (PSS; Berry & Jones, 1995), Client Satisfaction Questionnaire-8 (CSQ-8; Larsen, Attkisson, Hargreaves, & Nguyen, 1979) and Family Quality of Life Survey (FQOLS; Turnbull et al., 2004). A MANCOVA analysis failed to reflect significant differences between parental stress levels and FQOL based on child disability type. Point biserial correlations did not reveal significant relationships between children’s free or reduced lunch (FRL) status, parental stress, satisfaction with social services, and FQOL. Initial linear regression analysis indicated that parental stress was a significant predictor of FQOL (p < .001) while satisfaction with social services approached significance (p = .057). However, a subsequent linear regression analysis that included the interaction between satisfaction with social services and parental stress failed to support a moderation effect between satisfaction with social services and parental stress in the prediction of FQOL (p = .142). The examination of parental stress and FQOL within a school-based setting was a unique contribution to the literature that focuses primarily on FQOL and families of children with disabilities within clinical, medical and mental health settings. Limitations of this study, future research directions, and implications for school-based mental health providers are presented.

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Longmore, Staceylee E. "Latino-American youths' perception of neighborhood quality and parental academic support on educational resiliency." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1244082044.

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Lund, Karolina. "Nutritional quality of children’s diet and associations with parental cooking skills and nutritional awareness." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Fakulteten för naturvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-17844.

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Background: Child overweight and obesity are increasing public health problems and food habitsamong children are concerning. Healthy family food habits and basic parental nutrition and cooking skills are important for ensuring children receive an adequate diet. Objective: To explore the nutritional quality of 5-10-year-old Swedish children’s diets and associations with parental self-perceived cooking skills, awareness of nutrition guidelines, family cooking practices and demographic variables. Methods: A cross sectional online survey was responded by 72 parents. Nutritional quality was measured using The National Board of Health and Wellness’ Dietary Index. The survey also measured parental self-perceived cooking skills, awareness of nutrition guidelines, family cooking practices and demographic variables. Associations were tested with independent t-tests and Spearman rank correlations. Results: Mean Dietary Index score was 8.11, which indicates an unsatisfactory adherence to Nutrition Guidelines. Children’s food habits in this sample were better than in the national survey Riksmaten barn 2003, but intake levels of fruit, vegetables and fish was still below recommendations. Associations were found between children’s Dietary Index scores and parental cooking skills, nutritional awareness and frequency of child participating in cooking. No associations with demographic variables were found. Conclusions: Children’s diets are not in line with recommendations for 46 % of the participants, but appears to have improved since the latest national survey. Parental cooking skills, nutritional awareness and children participating in cooking more often was associated with better nutritional quality in children.The small sample size, participant heterogeneity and the recruitment method limits the generalizability of the results.

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Vance, Yvonne H. "Parental mental health, parenting behaviours and the quality of life of children with cancer." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2002. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/10192/.

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Two central themes were assessed in this thesis involving children with cancer. First, the relationship between the child's medical functioning and their overall quality of life (QOL). Second, how the child's illness and subsequent QOL related to parental mental health and parenting behaviours. These themes were explored using the Risk and Resilience model developed by Wallander et al. (1989b). Study one involved children diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), the most common form of childhood cancer. Results showed that the child's medical functioning (e.g., time since diagnosis) did not relate to the child's QOL, but did relate to parental mental health. Furthermore, child QOL was significantly related to both parental mental health (depression) and parenting behaviours (endorsement of force). In an attempt to explore these themes in greater detail, Study two involved two groups of cancer survivors, those with ALL or tumours of the central nervous system (CNS). Medically, these groups have different prognoses, treatments, and long-term consequences. Results showed that those with poorer medical functioning, i.e., CNS tumours, had poorer QOL than both the ALL group and population norms, confirming the relationship between the child's medical and psychological adaptation. Furthermore, the child's adaptation was strongly related to both parental mental health and parenting behaviours, again providing evidence for the relationship between child and parent functioning. The results of both studies in this thesis go some way to demonstrate the wide-ranging effects that cancer can have on both the child and family. The child's QOL can be compromised by the illness. Moreover, cancer has a detrimental effect on the family life, from pervasive feelings of depression and worry, to longterm concerns about child-rearing. This thesis has shown that those children with CNS involvement, and their families, are particularly at-risk. To conclude, a section outlining clinical interventions which can help reduced the impact of childhood cancer on the family are discussed.

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Longmore, Staceylee Elizabeth. "Latino-American Youths’ Perception of Neighborhood Quality and Parental Academic Support on Educational Resiliency." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1244082044.

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Horn, Mallers Melanie Carol. "The roles of early parental loss and quality of parent-child attachment on daily well being and stressor reactivity during adulthood." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/290004.

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The negative impact of parental death and divorce, and poor quality parental affection, during childhood is well documented. However, little information exists regarding the impact of these early childhood experiences of disrupted parental social support on well being during adulthood. Using attachment theory and the model of allostatic load, the present study examined daily physical health and mood, and stressor reactivity, in a sub-sample of participants (N = 368) from the National Study of Daily Experiences (NSDE). Descriptive analyses indicate that respondents from non-intact families, specifically those from divorced families, had more daily health symptoms and greater levels of negative mood during adulthood, as compared to those from intact families. Regression analyses indicate that subjective ratings of mother-child relationship quality or affection during childhood were significant predictors of daily well being during adulthood. To assess daily stressor reactivity within individuals over time, hierarchical linear modeling (HLM; Bryk & Raudenbush, 1992) was used. Reactivity is estimated by fitting a within-person model that assesses the daily covariation of daily mood and physical health and the occurrence of daily stressors. HLM analyses indicate that respondents who reported low maternal affection during childhood are more emotionally reactive to stressors that involve other people. Implications for understanding developmental pathways involved in linking early life experiences to adulthood outcomes are discussed.

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Elfarawi, Hunaydah. "Alobar Holoprosencephaly: Parental Perspectives on Prenatal Decision-making, Prenatal Provider Prognostication, and Quality of Life." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1617108856885634.

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Morley, David Paul. "The impact of parental neurological illness on adolescent and adult children : quality of life, psychosocial factors and relationship with parent well-being." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2008. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1446238/.

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Background: The onset of a chronic neurological condition can have a serious impact on the individual's quality of life (QoL). Literature on how this affects the individual's children is sparse, and only a preliminary measurement tool, the Parental Illness Impact Scale (PUS), currently exists to measure this.;Aims: Further development and validation of the PUS, and to assess the QoL and psychosocial well-being of adolescent and adult children whose parent has either a chronic or acute neurological condition, and make comparisons across conditions.;Methods: Following an extensive pre-testing programme, questionnaire batteries including a revised version of the PUS and instruments measuring QoL and psychosocial variables were postally administered to 438 family members where one parent had a diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD), Multiple Sclerosis (MS) or stroke. Responses were received from 331 participants (76%). Of these 171 were adolescent and adult children (age range 11-48), 91 were the affected parent, and 69 the non-affected parent.;Results: Psychometric analysis shows the revised PIIS-R to have good construct, concurrent and discriminant validity. Internal consistency (Cronbach's Alpha .92) and test-retest reliability was high. The impact of parental neurological illness was highest in children of stroke patients, and lowest in children of people with PD. Levels of self-reported depression were significantly raised in all three groups. Correlations between child QoL and parental well-being suggest that the emotional manifestations of MS significantly affect children's QoL.;Conclusion: The PIIS-R is a scientifically robust measurement tool with which to assess the impact of parental illness. Both chronic and acute parental neurological illness has an impact on children's QoL and psychosocial well-being, and this needs to be recognised by service providers and in clinical guidelines. The development of effective interventions, information resources, and evidence-based guidelines, will require longitudinal study.

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Collins, Zachary Rosello. "Effects of enduring vulnerabilities on change in marital satisfaction an examination of neuroticism, romantic attachment style, and parental marital quality /." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2008.

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Hazlitt, Stephanie L. "Territory quality and parental behaviour of the Black Oystercatcher in the Strait of Georgia, British Columbia." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0025/MQ51355.pdf.

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Holt, Erika Tyne. "Perceptions of Severity of Children's Bleeding Disorders: Impact on Parental Quality of Life and Reproductive Decisions." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1383060340.

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Mathews, Brittany Lynn. "The relationship of attachment, maternal emotional socialization, and maternal coping with social anxiety during adolescence." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1334094262.

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Roddenberry, Angela. "MEASURING QUALITY OF LIFE IN PEDIATRIC CANCER PATIENTS: THE RELATIONSHIPS AMONG PARENTAL DEPRESSION, ANXIETY, STRESS, AND CONCOR." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2005. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2153.

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Advancements made in the treatment of the physiological aspects of childhood cancer have resulted in a greater need to conceptualize the disease psychologically as a chronic illness that causes significant stress and requires ongoing adjustment. This study investigates the relationships among parental characteristics, child characteristics, and the quality of life of children diagnosed with cancer. Forty-seven mothers and sixteen fathers, as well as nineteen children diagnosed with cancer, completed measures of their own psychological functioning. Measures of the diagnosed children's quality of life also were completed. Mothers' ratings of their children's quality of life were found to be correlated positively with both fathers' and children's ratings. In addition, a significant relationship was found between mothers' depression and parenting stress and children's quality of life, as well as mothers' and fathers' anxiety and children's quality of life. Finally, mothers', fathers', and children's ratings of their own characteristics predicted significantly their ratings of children's quality of life. Overall, these results suggested the importance of examining the psychological characteristics of family members when assessing the quality of life of children with cancer.
M.S.
Department of Psychology
Arts and Sciences
Psychology

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Karakatsani, Efthalia. "Challenging behavior, parental emotional distress, child quality of life and service provision in children with intellectual disabilities." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8145/.

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There are two areas of research into challenging behaviour that are, as yet, underexplored and yet important and likely to promote beneficial outcomes. First, there are very few studies of the persistence of challenging behaviour and predictors of persistence. In this thesis this question is addressed by studying challenging behaviour in people with the same cause for their intellectual disability, Fragile X syndrome (FXS). Second, the interrelationship between the quality of life of children with intellectual disabilities who show challenging behaviour, parental wellbeing and service use has not yet been explored. The relationships between these factors are explored in a large scale survey. Challenging behaviour was found to be highly persistent in FXS and predicted by the presence of autism spectrum disorder. For the second question posed, impulsivity, a behavioural correlate of challenging behaviour, but not challenging behaviour alone, was predictive of parental emotional wellbeing. Behavioural correlates of challenging behaviour and parental emotional wellbeing were related to the quality of life of children with intellectual disabilities. Finally, parental anxiety and the child’s age were strongly associated with access to mental health and social services. The results have important implications for the targeting of individualised early intervention strategies at children at high risk and which can effectively support children with intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviour in order to enable families to experience better quality of life.

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Palmer, Jacqueline K. "Effects of a prebiotic supplement on child behaviour and parental quality of life in autism spectrum disorder." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2022. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/228686/1/Jacqueline_Palmer_Thesis.pdf.

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This pilot double-blind randomised controlled trial investigated whether using prebiotics to modify the gut bacteria of children with autism spectrum disorder could increase parental quality of life by improving child stress, meal-time behaviour, sleep and gastrointestinal symptoms. Children were randomised to 2.4g of the prebiotic-galactooligosaccharides (GOS) or placebo each day for 6 weeks (N=38). Changes in gut bacteria, basal cortisol and behaviours of interest were measured. GOS was well tolerated and significantly increased Bifidobacterium, but there was no difference between the intervention or control groups on other outcomes. Parental QOL improved in both groups participating in the trial.

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Hederos, Carl-Axel. "Asthma in young children : epidemiology, burden of asthma and effects of a parental information program /." Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2007. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2007/978-91-7357-251-4/.

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Graham, Paula. "The quality of perceived parental relationships and its link with psychological and university adjustment in first year students." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/26551.

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Using a shortened form of the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) (Pedersen, 1994), the present study examined the link between the quality of perceived parental relationships and psychological and university adjustment in first-year students. The study examined the response profiles of 121 first-ear university students aged 17 to 50 and compared the results to data from a large Australian normative study (Cubis et al, 1989). Links between parental style and levels of psychological and university adjustment were then examined, as were links between personality style and levels of psychological and university adjustment. Significant differences between the subjects in the present study and the subjects in the normative study were found. One-way analysis of variance highlighted the contribution of four particular parental styles to levels of psychological and university adjustment. Results are discussed in relation to previous research and implications for university students' counselling services.

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Nicholls, Stuart G. "Considering consent : an analysis of factors influencing parental perceptions of decisional quality in the context of newborn screening." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2010. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/34959/.

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This thesis explores decision-making and perceptions of decisional quality in parents whose children have undergone newborn bloodspot screening. Newborn bloodspot screening is the programme through which newborn babies are screened for a variety of conditions shortly after birth. In the UK babies are screened for phenylketonuria (PKU), congenital hypothyroidism (CH), sickle cell diseases (SCD), cystic fibrosis (CF) and medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MCADD), with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) offered as additional screen in Wales. Much has been written about the applicability of consent to newborn bloodspot screening, yet research has tended to revolve around parental knowledge and information provision. These studies say little in terms of actual or perceived decisional quality or whether parents are making an informed choice. Taking an exploratory sequential mixed methods approach, the present study aims to identify and model factors that in fluence parental perceptions of decisional quality within the context of newborn bloodspot screening. The thesis draws on two studies; an exploratory study of parental experiences of newborn bloodspot screening using semi-structured interviews, and a subsequent quantitative phase which analysed data collected through a postal questionnaire. The results of these studies provide significant insights into parental decision-making. Attitudes toward medicine were shown to have a significant causal infl uence on perceived decisional quality through its indirect effect on parental attitudes towards screening. Through the disaggregation of these general and specific attitudes, the significant role of perceived choice is identified. Perceived choice is demonstrated not only to be a significant contributing factor to the perceived quality of decision made, but is also shown to have a strong infl uence on attitudes towards screening through an indirect and positive relationship with perceived knowledge of screening. Both of these elements suggest that the context of screening and its presentation are key determinants of parental decisional quality.

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Rana, Kausik J. "Parental influences on egg quality, fry production and fry performance in Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus) and O. mossambicus (Peters)." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/11926.

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Reproductive traits, age of female broodfish and aspects of parental behaviour influencing the production and quality of fry in the mouthbrooding tilapia species Oreochromis niloticus and O. mossambicus were investigated. Two incubation containers (conical and round-bottomed) and rearing temperature were first studied to ascertain their effects on egg and fry performance. Partial agitation of eggs in round-bottomed containers significantly (P < 0.05) improved hatchability and success rate of fry production, by 17% and 25%, respectively, compared with conical containers. For the temperature trials only O. niloticus were studied. Two egg acclimation conditions were tested; these influenced the temperature range of hatching, hatching success and the upper and lower median temperature tolerance limits of artificially reared eggs. Thermal tolerance of eggs and fry decreased with progressive development and optimum (> 90%) survival and growth of swim-up fry occurred at 28°-3QoC. Hatching times were inversely related to temperature (P < 0.01) and rates of development to hatching were best described by a curvilinear relationship (P < 0.01). Growth rates, gross yolk utilization efficiency to maximum body weight, age at maximal body weight, onset of exogenous feeding and 50% irreversible starvation (point-of-no- return, PNR) were temperature-dependent. At 24•, 28' and 30' c (xi) maximum body weight occurred on days 18, 9 and 6 post-hatching, respectively, four days earlier than fry at 24' C. Similarly, PNR occurred on days 23, 20 and 18 at 24•, 28• and 30•C, respectively. Reproductive traits of 0+, 1+ and 2+ age-classes of broodfish were investigated. In O. niloticus mean dry egg weight and clutch weight were significantly (P < 0.05) different between all three age-classes, and yearlings produced the smallest eggs, whereas for total and relative fecundity only yearling females were significantly (P < o. 05) different to older broodfish. In both species broodfish age-class had no effect (P > 0.05) on egg:body weight ratio. In both species all reproductive traits were significantly related (P< 0.01) to female age, length and weight. The strongest influences were maternal age on egg size and maternal length and weight on total fecundity and clutch weight. The influence of maternal age and hence egg size on hatching time, and growth, survival, onset of feeding and PNR of fry developing solely on their yolk reserves was investigated. Larger eggs produced longer (P < 0.001) and heavier (P < 0.001) fry which sustained starvation stress longer (P < 0.001). Initial advantages of egg size on growth persisted through to 60 days post-hatching (P <0.05). Feeding success was improved by using of yearlings. For fry from fry from 1+ and 2+ females instead 0+, 1+ and 2+ O. niloticus and O. mossambicus females, PNR was reached on days 9, 12 and 12, and 12, 15 and 18, respectively. Delaying initial feeding beyond six days post-hatching significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the growth of fry. (xii ) Overall survival (between 6-20 days post-hatching) was improved by using older females. The effects of parental breeding behaviour on fry production and quality were investigated. Egg fertilizing capacity of males was inversely related to their number of spawnings in a day. During oral rearing cumulative fry damage increased linearly during the first eight days after spawning and plateaued at 25%-29%. Possible reasons for fry damage are discussed. Naturally reared fry were lighter (P < 0.05) than artificially reared 'siblings'. The implications of broodfish age and size and parental breeding behaviour for mass production of high quality tilapia fry and the need, advantages and feasibility of artificially rearing Oreochromis eggs and fry are discussed.

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Othman, Mariam. "Educational resources, school climate, school leadership, and parental involvement as factors towards quality primary education : the Malaysian perspective." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.525908.

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Covington, Mark C. Jr. "Perceived Parental Rejection, Romantic Attachment Orientations, Levels of “Outness”, and the Relationship Quality of Gay Men in Relationships." Thesis, The George Washington University, 2021. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=28155952.

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This study examined the effects of perceived parental rejection in gay men and romantic relationship quality during the 2020 COVID-19 global pandemic,. Meyer (2003) noted several dimensions of minority stress that LGBTQIA+ individuals are at risk of experiencing, including discrimination based on their sexual orientation, internalizing negative societal attitudes about homosexuality, and expecting rejection due to their sexual orientation. Researchers have just started to identify protective factors that contribute to resilience among gay men (Goldfried & Goldfried, 2001; Holahan et al., 1994; Steinberg, 2001), and this study sought to add to that literature. Perceived parental acceptance has been found to be associated with improved well-being (Steinberg, 2001; Holahan et al., 1994), suggesting that relationships with parents or caregivers have effects well into adulthood. Yet, the literature has failed to examine the effects of early parental rejection and how current attachment styles may mediate past experiences and their effects on current relationship quality. The main goal of the current study was to examine whether recollections of past parental rejection were associated with relationship quality later in their adult intimate relationships (Cassidy, 2008). Outness to family, friends, and others and current attachment styles were assessed as mediating variables for the links between perceived parental rejection and relationship quality. A sample of 275 participants was recruited through Amazon Turk (MTurk), Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter. The mean age of participants was 31.05 years old (SD = 7.94), with a range of 18-65. The sample consisted of 93% of the sample identified as male, with the remainder identifying as transgender (4%), non-binary (0.7%), or other (2.2%). This diverse sample identified their race/ethnicity as either European American (41%), followed by African American (15%), Asian American (14%), Hispanic American (14%), American Indian, or Alaskan Native (12%), Other (4%), and Biracial (1%). The researcher conducted a multiple mediation analysis using Hayes (2018) PROCESS macro to examine the relationship between perceived parental rejection and relationship quality, with attachment anxiety, attachment avoidance, and outness as possible mediators. Consistent with the literature, perceived parental rejection from both mothers and fathers was associated with lower current relationship quality. Overall, the findings of the current study indicate support for attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance mediating the effect of perceived parental rejection on current relationship quality. Attachment Avoidance was found to be a stronger mediator of the relationship between perceived maternal rejection and relationship quality. Attachment anxiety was still a significant predictor, but not as strong when compared to attachment avoidance. Surprisingly in contrast with existing literature, results showed that outness is not a potential mechanism for how perceived parental rejection is related to relationship quality.

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León, Papic María José. "An analysis of the parental reflective function, the quality of triadic interaction and its influence on early childhood development." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2017. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/169239.

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Thesis to opt to the degree of doctor in psychotherapy
The prevalence of social-emotional problems in early childhood continues at a high level (Centro de Microdatos-Universidad de Chile, 2014). This stage is a critical period in which the immediate family is the most influential system in childhood development (Bronfenbrenner, 1987). Conversely, the parental reflective function (RF) is considered a protective factor in early parenting (Stacks et al., 2014), assuming a relevant role in socialemotional development in early childhood (Ensink, Bégin, Normandin, & Fonagy, 2016; Smaling, Huijbregts, van der Heijden, van Goozen, & Swaab, 2016a). Objective: To describe and analyze the relationship between fathers’ and mothers’ RFs, the quality of the mother-father-child triadic interaction, and children’s psychomotor development and social-emotional difficulties. Method: A non-experimental, transversal and correlational study was developed. Fifty mother-father-child triads, each in a current relationship that included at least one child from 12–36 months of age, were evaluated. Sociodemographic background, triadic interaction (LTP, Fivaz-Depeursingue & Corboz-Warnery, 1999), parental RF (PDI-S, Slade, Aber, Berger, Bresgi, & Kaplan, 2012, assessed by RF Scales, Fonagy, Steele, Steele, & Target, 1998), psychomotor development (ASQ-3, Squires & Bricker, 2009) and social-emotional difficulties (ASQ SE, Squires, Bricker, & Twombly, 2002) were measured. Couple relationship satisfaction (RAS, Hendrick, 1988) and depressive symptoms in the parents (BDI-I, Beck, Ward, Mendelson, Mock & Erbaugh, 1961) were included as control variables. Results: A significant effect of the triadic interaction on the child’s social-emotional difficulties was found. The effect explained 20% of the variance. However, this effect was not found in the psychomotor development. In addition, the mothers’ RF had a significant influence on the triadic interaction, explaining 21% of the variance. However, in contrast to the hypothesis, the mothers’ and fathers’ RFs were not significant variables as direct or indirect predictors to explain the child’s socio-emotional difficulties or psychomotor development. These findings show the importance of the RF on the quality of the mother-fatherchild interaction, which in turn influences the child’s social-emotional development. Additionally, the role of the father and the implications of these findings for research and clinical purposes are discussed.

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Hunsaker, Stephen K. "The Relationships of Parental Marital Status, Quality of Family Interaction and Gender to Adolescent Tobacco, Alcohol, and Marijuana Use." DigitalCommons@USU, 1996. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/2387.

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The tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana use of adolescents was examined to see if any differences existed in the marital status of the adolescent's parents, the quality of family interaction for the adolescent, and the gender of the adolescent. Marital status was defined as intact families where adolescents were living with both biological parents, and nonintact families where adolescents had parents who were single, divorced, widowed, never married, and remarried. Data were from a survey that examined youth issues of 500 adolescents from a rural Utah county. It was hypothesized that marital type and quality of family interaction (family kindness, family hurtfulness, and family communication) would have an effect on adolescent tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana use. Adolescents from intact families differed significantly from those in nonintact families in terms of substance use. This study also illustrated that being from an intact family is not enough to prevent adolescent substance use. Rather, the combination of having an intact family and perceiving family kindness had the greatest deterring effect on substance use among adolescents. Family kindness had the greatest impact in deterring tobacco and alcohol use. Family hurtfulness, on the other hand, was the strongest indicator of marijuana use. Gender was a factor in only one of the dependent variables, tobacco, with males using more than females.

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Davis, Phyllis A. "Quality of Life of People with Disabilities: Stories of Successful Adults." Ashland University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ashland1241386072.

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Gibson, Andrew. "Parental Perceptions of Oral Health Related Quality of Life for Children that Receive Care on Give Kids a Smile Day." VCU Scholars Compass, 2016. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4133.

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Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the oral health-related quality of life for patients treated at Give Kids a Smile. Methods: Participants were asked to complete a 25-question survey regarding their child’s oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), with answers ranked on a 0 to 4 point scale. Results: A total of 78 questionnaires were completed, with the mean score of 5.19. Conclusions: Give Kids a Smile was created to treat children with unmet oral healthcare needs, therefore it was hypothesized that the OHRQoL for the children treated would be negatively impacted and thus this score high. This was not demonstrated in the current study and these findings could be due to a variety of factors, including relying on the parent to report the child’s symptoms as well as low oral health literacy for parents completing the questionnaires.

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Jackson, Karin. "Att vara förälder till ett för tidigt fött barn : en prospektiv studie om upplevelsen av föräldraskap och möten med vården." Doctoral thesis, Örebro universitet, Hälsovetenskapliga institutionen, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-197.

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The present doctoral thesis focuses mainly on the experiences of 20 women and men of becoming and being parents of a prematurely born child and on their perceptions of their contacts with health and medical care services. An additional aim was to investigate the utilisation of health care during the first year of life and its relation to high-risk diagnoses in the neonatal period. Data were obtained by interviews of the 20 sets of parents to infants born at a gestational age of <34 weeks with no serious congenital defects. These parents were interviewed 1-2 weeks after the infant’s birth and at 2, 6 and 18 months of age. The interview texts were subjected to phenomenological and content analysis. Data was also obtained from the records of 36 infants born at a gestational age of <31 weeks and with a birth weight of <1500 g and 36 full-term infants. The records included information regarding contact with health care services including the child health centres (CHCs) and the outpatient clinics of the paediatric and ophthalmic clinics. Finally data from the other two quantitative studies were obtained from three questionnaires: Quality of Care from The Patient’s Perspective, The Swedish Parenthood Stress Questionnaire and The Toddler Behaviour Questionnaire. The result of the studies showed that the utilisation of health care by the very low birth weight infants was higher than that by the fullterm infants in paediatric and ophthalmic outpatient clinics. High-risk diagnoses in the neonatal period did not correlate with utilisation of care except for visits to the paediatric outpatient clinic, especially planned visits. The internalisation of parenthood was described by the parents as a time-dependent process, with four syntheses of experiences – alienation, responsibility, confidence and familiarity. The development and construction of the mothers’ and fathers’ parental identity followed a pattern that could be summarised into three themes: Unexpected start of parenthood, integration of parenthood into the sense of identity and recognition of parental identity. Important turning points in experiences of parenthood often occurred when the infant could be removed from the incubator, when it was discharged from the ward, and when the infant appeared normal compared to full-term infants. The quality of care was judged, from the parents’ and nurses’ perspective. In general the subjective importance of the given care was rated higher than the care actual given in both neonatal care and care at the CHCs. Higher ratings were given to neonatal care compared with the care at CHSs for medico-technical competence. It was also of importance, of both parents, to receive an optimal identity-oriented approach and socio-cultural atmosphere in the neonatal care and the care at the CHSs. High-risk diagnoses in the newborn did not affect the answers. Parental stress of very preterm children, at 18 months of age, did not differ notably from those parents of children born somewhat less premature, but they assessed their children as being rather later in the development of social behaviours. Parents of children who had had a difficult neonatal period were not more stressed when the child was 18 months old than those who had no problems in the neonatal period. In sum, this research project showed that the parents’ expectations and experiences of becoming mothers and fathers in preterm birth was a process of integrating the unexpected start of parenthood into the parents’ sense of identity and their way of being. When the parents developed a relationship with the infant, actively participated in its care on the basis of their own preferences, and received recognition as parents, this process was strengthened. It is therefore important that the professional caring of the staff should meet and involve the natural caring of the parents.

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Gozu, Hamide. "The Role of Personality, Perceived Parental Differential Treatment, and Perceptions of Fairness on the Quality of Sibling Relationships among Emerging Adults." Thesis, State University of New York at Albany, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10127186.

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The sibling relationship is one of the longest lasting human relationships with significant influence on an individual’s social and emotional functioning. The current study was designed to examine both personal and parental influences on the sibling relationships of emerging adults. Specifically, it tested the mediating role of fairness evaluations on the links between parental differential treatment, personality and the quality of sibling relationships. A theorized path model was developed, and tested using Structural Equation Modeling. A total of 775 undergraduates at a northeastern university, who nominated a ‘target sibling’, completed the Big Five Inventory, the Lifespan Sibling Relationship Scale, the Sibling Inventory of Differential Experience, and fairness of parenting ratings.

The results indicated that the individual’s perception of parental differential treatment, and the extent to which they evaluated that treatment as fair, were important predictors of the quality of sibling relationships. Moreover, the individual’s personality was related to perception of fairness as well as the quality of sibling relationships.

More specifically, unequal parental treatment was associated with poorer sibling relationships and higher perception of unfairness regarding this treatment. Individuals who perceived a lower degree of parental differential treatment were likely to evaluate these treatments as more fair, and to report better relationships with their siblings. Furthermore, participants who scored high on Openness, Conscientiousness, and Agreeableness and low on Neuroticism were likely to have better relationships with their siblings. Moreover, participants who were high on Conscientiousness and low on Neuroticism tended to evaluate parental treatments as highly fair and were likely to report better relationships with their siblings.

Limitations of the current study and suggestions for future research, as well as some ways in which parents can encourage their children to evaluate parental treatment as fair, were discussed.

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Viveiros, Abigail Joy. "The Developmental Timing of Divorce and Adult Children's Romantic Relationship Quality." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2006. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/736.

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Understanding the contingencies that explain whether divorce has positive or negative long-term effects for adult children is at the heart of this study. Although previous studies suggest an association between parental divorce and the divorce of adult offspring, less known is about whether the timing of divorce influences the relationship outcomes of adult children. Using a large nationally representative sample in terms of race (N=6,066), eight groups of individuals (males and females from intact homes, males and females who experienced divorce during adolescence, males and females who experienced divorce during middle childhood, and males and females who experienced divorce during preschool years) were analyzed to examine the impact of divorce and its timing on family impact, emotional regulation, and relationship quality. Findings indicate that divorce, in general, negatively influences family impact, emotional regulation, and relationship quality. However, the developmental timing of divorce does not appear to significantly alter the impact of these variables on relationship quality.

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Williams, Isha. "Health-Related Quality of Life in Children with Type 1 Diabetes: The Role of Family Environment, Parental Perceived Social Support, and Children's Coping." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/84073.

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Children diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes face lifetime issues that will affect their health-related quality of life (HRQoL). These challenges require varied coping skills to manage the disease and a commitment to find ways to increase HRQoL. It was proposed that children’s general coping styles would be mediators in both the relation of family environment and children’s health-related quality of life and the relation of parental perceived social support and children’s health-related quality of life in children aged 8-16 with Type 1 diabetes. Age was also proposed to be a moderator in the relation of children’s coping to their health-related quality of life. Children aged 8 to 16 and their primary caregivers (N = 56) were recruited to participate in the study at a university hospital tertiary care clinic. Children completed the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 3.0 Diabetes Module for children and adolescents (PedsQL 3.0) and the Children’s Coping Strategies Checklist-Revision 1. Primary caregivers completed the PedsQL 3.0 for parents, the Family Environment Scale and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Regression analyses were used to identify a model that explained the contribution of each factor to predict HRQoL. It was hypothesized that children’s active, distraction, and support-seeking general coping strategies would be mediators in the relation of family environment and parental perceived social support to children’s health-related quality of life and that children’s general avoidant coping strategies would not mediate either the relation of family environment or parental perceived social support to children’s health-related quality of life. Although children’s active, distraction, and support-seeking coping strategies were not found to mediate the relation of family environment to children’s health-related quality of life or the relation of parental perceive social support to health-related quality of life, children’s avoidant coping strategies were found to be a mediator in the relation of family environment to children’s health-related quality of life and in the relation of parental perceived social support to health-related quality of life. It was also hypothesized that children’s age would moderate the relation of children’s active, distraction, and support-seeking coping strategies to children’s health-related quality of life. Age moderated the relation of avoidant coping to HRQoL. Avoidant coping was negatively associated with HRQoL for the older children but the association was not significant for younger children. To facilitate a better health-related quality of life for children with Type 1 diabetes, therapists and healthcare professionals should identify ways to help parents feel more supported as they care for and create a more cohesive and low conflict family environment, which contributes to their children’s health-related quality of life. Additionally, therapists should work with children and their parents to increase children’s use of active, distraction, and support-seeking coping strategies, which are related to more positive outcomes compared to children’s use of avoidant coping strategies, which are related to less positive outcomes.
Ph. D.

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Clark, Culpepper Tangela R. "The Relationship Between Young Adults' Retrospective Perceptions of Differential Parental Treatment, Quality of the Childhood and Current Sibling Relationship and Current Psychological Adjustment." Scholar Commons, 2007. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/672.

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This study explored the relations among young adults' perceptions of differential parental treatment, temperamental style, attitudes toward their childhood and current sibling relationships, and psychological adjustment. Participants included 87 college students and their siblings between the ages of 18 and 25 years. Students completed measures in small groups, and siblings completed the surveys via mail. The data were analyzed using the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM; Kashy & Kenny, 1999). Results revealed that participants' perceptions of their sibling relationship during childhood were related to their current attitudes toward the relationship. In addition, siblings were in agreement regarding their overall attitudes toward the sibling relationship as well as in their perceptions of their interactions with their parents. Siblings' reports higher levels of differential maternal and paternal control were related significantly to perceptions of less positive sibling interactions. Females and individuals with a sister reported higher levels of positivity in the sibling relationship than did males and individuals reporting on a brother. Level of psychological adjustment was found to be better for individuals who experienced more paternal control according to their sibling. Temperamental characteristics were found to be related to attitudes toward the sibling relationship and reports of parenting behaviors. Results are discussed within the context of family-based research regarding parent-child and sibling relationships.

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Zimmerman, Jill. "School Choice, Opportunity and Access: A Geographic Analysis of Public School Enrollment in New Orleans." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2013. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1681.

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The primary objective of the study is to identify the extent to which the current school choice policy in New Orleans has afforded students in underserved neighborhoods or city planning districts the opportunity to attend quality schools elsewhere in the city. Though all students in New Orleans have access to schools outside their neighborhood, more than two-thirds (68%) of public school students attended a school within their planning district or in the adjacent planning district in the 2011-12 school year. In staying close to home, just one-fifth (22 percent) of students attended a quality school. A clear relationship existed between a planning district’s service level and its socio-economic and racial make-up as well as the performance level of its students’ schools. The results of this analysis suggest that the lack of quality schools in low-income and minority areas significantly limits those families’ access to quality schools even under New Orleans’ far-reaching school choice policy.

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DeLustro, Laura. "Predicting and Promoting Health-Related Quality of Life for Parents of Children with Autism: A Mixed-Methods Approach." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3344.

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The present study used a mixed methodology approach to understand factors that predict and promote health related quality of life (HRQOL) for parents of youth with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). The first component of the study used quantitative analyses to determine the extent to which study variables predict HRQOL for parents of youth with ASD (N = 365). Findings show that HRQOL is positively impacted by increased total annual household income, increased age of the child with ASD, male gender, and tangible support. HRQOL was negatively impacted by increased age of the parent, increased parental perceptions of burden, and use of maladaptive coping strategies. The second phase of the study incorporated qualitative methodology to describe the lived experience of parents (N = 8). Qualitative interviews solicited perceptions of parents regarding HRQOL. Further, qualitative analyses identified sources of parental support, how parents feel about support from varying professionals, and potential supportive interventions toward which they are amenable but cannot currently access. Directions for future research and implications for improving HRQOL for parents of youth with ASD are discussed. The results of the current study can be used to guide and inform supportive services targeted at parents of youth with ASD to improve their HRQOL.

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Kolm, Niclas. "Influence of Mate Quality on Reproductive Decisions in a Fish with Paternal Care." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-3562.

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Magnúsdóttir, Berglind Ró́s. "The cultural politics of middle-classes and schooling : parental choices and practices to secure school (e)quality in advanced neoliberal times : a US case-study." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648849.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Parental quality'

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