Academic literature on the topic 'Parental influences Victoria'

Purpose: To identify factors associated with generalized and stranger-specific parental fear (PF) about children’s independent mobility (CIM), a critical aspect of physical activity. Design: Cross-sectional survey; random sampling frame, minimum quotas of fathers, rural residents. Setting: State of Victoria, Australia. Subjects: Parents of children aged 9 to 15 years (n = 1779), 71% response rate. Measures: Validated measures of PF and fear of strangers (FoS); parent, child, social, and environmental factors. Analysis: Unadjusted and adjusted linear regression stratified by child age (9-10; 11-13; 14-15). Results: Adjusted models explained a substantial proportion of variance across all age groups (PF: 33.6%-36.7%; FoS: 39.1%-44.0%). Perceived disapproval from others was consistently associated with both outcomes (PF: β =.11 to 23, p ≤ .05; FoS: β =.17-.21, p ≤ .001) as was parents’ perception of children’s competence to travel safely (PF: β = −.24 to −.11, p ≤ .05; FoS: β = −.16 to −.13, p ≤ .01). Factors associated with FoS included having a female child (β = −.21 to −.13, p ≤ .001), language other than English (β = .09 to.11, p ≤ .01), and low levels of parent education (β = −.14 to −08, p ≤ .05). Conclusion: The current study suggests that social norms, child competence, and perceptions about the benefits of CIM underpin PF. This evidence informs the development of interventions to reduce PF and promote CIM and children’s physical activity.

AbstractChildren’s learning about food is considerable during their formative years, with parental influence being pivotal. Research has focused predominantly on maternal influences, with little known about the relationships between fathers’ and children’s diets. Greater understanding of this relationship is necessary for the design of appropriate interventions. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between the diets of fathers and their children and the moderating effects of fathers’ BMI, education and age on these associations. The diets of fathers and their first-born children (n 317) in the Melbourne Infant Feeding Activity and Nutrition Trial (InFANT) Program were assessed using an FFQ and 3×24-h recalls, respectively. The InFANT Program is a cluster-randomised controlled trial in the setting of first-time parents groups in Victoria, Australia. Associations between father and child fruit, vegetable, non-core food and non-core drink intakes were assessed using linear regression. The extent to which these associations were mediated by maternal intake was tested. Moderation of associations by paternal BMI, education and age was assessed. Positive associations were found between fathers’ and children’s intake of fruit, sweet snacks and take-away foods. Paternal BMI, education and age moderated the relationships found for the intakes of fruit (BMI), vegetables (age), savoury snacks (BMI and education) and take-away foods (BMI and education). Our findings suggest that associations exist at a young age and are moderated by paternal BMI, education and age. This study highlights the importance of fathers in modelling healthy diets for their children.

AbstractThe Waste Wise Schools Program was established by EcoRecycle Victoria to implement waste and litter education in Victorian schools. It is now operating in over 900 schools in Victoria and 300 schools in other Australian states / territories. This paper provides detailed case studies of two active schools in the Waste Wise Schools Program and considers for each school how the Program started, what it meant to the school, the environmental, educational, social and economic outcomes of the Program and the key success factors. It discusses evidence that the Program has changed the thinking and behaviour of many families at the schools, suggesting that the children may be acting as catalysts to influence their parent's waste wise behaviour, i.e. having an intergenerational influence. Guidelines for promoting this influence are proposed.

The study used a form of the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA) Preprimary Project which was adapted for the Australian context to investigate the patterns of usage and factors behind parental choices of early childhood services for four-year-old children in the year prior to formal education. Data were obtained from interviews with 175 parents, usually the mother, regarding where, with whom and how their children spent their day and week. The findings revealed that many children in Victoria spent time in a number of services each day. A substantial number also participated in extra-curricular activities and recreational activities. Data collected concerning parental selection of particular services revealed the complex early care and education arrangements that parents were required to make to meet the educational and social needs of their children as well as the work related needs which influenced parental choice.

Abstract This article explores parental experiences over nearly seven years that followed catastrophic Australian bushfires in 2009. Principles of pragmatism and the constructionist tradition guided the use of semi-structured interviews with parents (nineteen mothers and three fathers) and inductive thematic analysis to distil what participants said about the trauma, loss and disruption caused by the fires, and ways in which they responded as parents. Changes described in their parenting role and family life were themed as ‘losing normal’ which encompassed managing additional exposures, losing fun and living at their capacity. Parents then evinced the struggle of settling and seeking to regain a sense of normal. This theme highlighted tensions, pressures and expectations they faced (their own and external) in trying to get back to normal, along with extended recovery timeframes. Participants valued strategies to provide stability, familiarity and manage their own emotions. The analysis highlights the influence of the parental role on an experience of trauma, the range of losses and the extended experience of disaster recovery for parents. Insights for social work practice are discussed, including the potential to inform expectations of recovery timeframes and supporting parents and their families to reconstruct their sense of normal in their new, post-disaster context.

AbstractObjective:To investigate the prevalence and incidence of overweight and obesity, the frequency of overweight resolution and the influence of parental adiposity during middle childhood.Design:As part of a prospective cohort study, height and weight were measured in 1997 and 2000/2001. Children were classified as non-overweight, overweight or obese based on standard international definitions. Body mass index (BMI) was transformed into age- and gender-specific Z-scores employing the LMS method and 2000 growth chart data of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Parents self-reported height and weight, and were classified as underweight, healthy weight, overweight or obese based on World Health Organization definitions.Setting:Primary schools in Victoria, Australia.Subjects:In total, 1438 children aged 5–10 years at baseline.Results:The prevalence of overweight and obesity increased between baseline (15.0 and 4.3%, respectively) and follow-up (19.7 and 4.8%, respectively; P < 0.001 for increase in overweight and obesity combined). There were 140 incident cases of overweight (9.7% of the cohort) and 24 of obesity (1.7% of the cohort); only 3.8% of the cohort (19.8% of overweight/obese children) resolved to a healthy weight. The stability of child adiposity as measured by BMI category (84.8% remained in the same category) and BMI Z-score (r = 0.84; mean change = −0.05) was extremely high. Mean change in BMI Z-score decreased with age (linear trend β = 0.03, 95% confidence interval 0.01–0.05). The influence of parental adiposity largely disappeared when children's baseline BMI was adjusted for.Conclusions:During middle childhood, the incidence of overweight/obesity exceeds the proportion of children resolving to non-overweight. However, for most children adiposity remains stable, and stability appears to increase with age. Prevention strategies targeting children in early childhood are required.

La presión por la búsqueda del rendimiento óptimo en el deporte está presente desde edades tempranas. Algunas veces dicha presión procede de la familia, particularmente, de los progenitores, y condiciona la experiencia del joven deportista, pudiendo convertirse en una vivencia negativa. El objetivo de esta investigación fue mostrar cómo influyó la presión proveniente de su padre en la experiencia deportiva del ex-tenista profesional Andre Agassi durante su infancia. Para ello, seguimos el método biográfico analizando la autobiografía publicada de Agassi, “Open. Memorias”. Después de una primera fase exploratoria del libro completo nos centramos en la presión parental, de cuyo análisis obtuvimos las siguientes categorías: pasión de su padre por el tenis, estrategias de presión parental, pensamiento de abandonar el tenis, ausencia de alternativas al tenis, victoria como forma para complacer las expectativas de su padre, ansiedad ante la derrota, miedo al rechazo paterno, identidad y discrepancia. Los resultados son discutidos a la luz de diferentes investigaciones y reflexiones teóricas sobre la presión parental en el deporte. Concluimos que la presión parental puede ser un arma de doble filo pues, por un lado, puede favorecer la motivación del individuo o, por el contrario, crear situaciones de angustia y ansiedad que pueden culminar con el abandono deportivo, o en importantes crisis de identidad. Finalmente, resaltamos la importancia de analizar en el seno de la educación física escolar el fenómeno deportivo de una manera crítica, señalando las autobiografías publicadas de deportistas profesionales como un óptimo recurso tanto pedagógico como de investigación. Palabras clave: presión deportiva; infancia; alto rendimiento; celebridad; autobiografía. Abstract: The pressure to seek optimal performance in sport is present from an early age. Sometimes this pressure comes from the family, particularly from the parents, and conditions the experience of the young athlete, which can become a negative experience. The aim of this research was to show how pressure from his father influenced the sporting experience of professional tennis player Andre Agassi during his childhood. To do this, we follow the biographical method by analyzing Agassi's published autobiography, “Open, an autobiography ". After a first exploratory phase of the complete book we focused on parental pressure, from whose analysis we obtained the following categories: his father's passion for tennis, parental pressure strategies, thoughts of giving up tennis, lack of alternatives to tennis, victory as a way to meet his father's expectations, anxiety in the face of defeat, fear to parental rejection, identity and discrepancy. The results are discussed in the light of different investigations and theoretical reflections on parental pressure in sport. We conclude that parental pressure can be a double-edged sword since, on the one hand, it can favor the motivation of the individual or, on the contrary, create situations of anguish and anxiety that can culminate in sports abandonment, or in important identity crises. Finally, we highlight the importance of analyzing the sporting phenomenon in a critical way within school physical education, pointing to the published autobiographies of professional athletes as an excellent pedagogical and research resource. Keywords: sports pressure; chilhood; high performance; celebrity; autobiography.

Abstract Background Mental health issues are of increasing burden within the adolescent CF population, with known impacts from sleep disturbance. There are limited studies examining mediators of this relationship. We aimed to investigate the relationship between sleep quality and mood in adolescents with CF alongside a range potential mediating factors including socioeconomic and family influences in adolescents. Study Design Adolescents with CF aged 10–18 and their parents at a Victorian tertiary paediatric CF centre were eligible. Adolescents-parent pairs cross sectionally completed age appropriate online questionnaires assessing sleep (Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale, Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children), mood (Global Anxiety Disorder-7, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Beck’s Depression Inventory, Brigid Jordan CF screen), health-related quality of life (CF Questionnaire-Revised), family dynamics (Family Assessment Device, Family Management Measure), CF respiratory symptoms (CF Respiratory Symptom Score), and treatment adherence. Socioeconomic status and impacts from pandemic lockdowns were also surveyed. Progress to date 45 CF adolescents-parent pairs have been recruited. Questionnaires have been distributed and awaiting return of results for analysis. Intended outcome and impact We anticipate demonstrating the known association between impaired sleep quality and elevated mood scores. We will also make commentary on associations with a range of social factors (family dynamics, socioeconomic status) as well as parental mental health. Discussion will also include impacts on treatment adherence, HRQOL and respiratory symptom scores. Results from this pilot will inform the upcoming AREST CF prospective longitudinal study where the bidirectional relationships between factors studied can be further explored.

Physical activity is very important for early childhood, especially outdoor activities that add a lot of new experiences. This study aims to check the relationship of children's outdoor activities and parenting styles and children's social skills. The participants are 125 parents of early childhood who attend kindergarten. The research method is a descriptive study using the relational screening model. The results showed that there was a relationship between outside play and parenting style on the social skills of children in their childhood. Democratic parenting styles are found to promote children's social skills, while authoritative parenting styles have a negative correlation with interpersonal skills, the ability to express verbally, self-control, listening skills, emotional management and adaptation to change. 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Passion for outdoor activities and environmental behaviors: A look at emotions related to passionate activities. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 53, 177–184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2017.07.011 Kemple, K. M., Oh, J. H., Kenney, E., & Smith-Bonahue, T. (2016). The Power of Outdoor Play and Play in Natural Environments. Childhood Education, 92(6), 446–454. https://doi.org/10.1080/00094056.2016.1251793 Kol, S. (2016). The Effects of the Parenting Styles on Social Skills of Children Aged 5-6. Malaysian Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 4(2), 49–58. Kozina, Z., Repko, O., Kozin, S., Kostyrko, A., Yermakova, T., & Goncharenko, V. (2016). Motor skills formation technique in 6 to 7-year-old children based on their psychological and physical features (Rock climbing as an example). Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 16(3), 866–874. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2016.03137 Larson, L. R., Szczytko, R., Bowers, E. P., Stephens, L. E., Stevenson, K. T., & Floyd, M. F. 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Chapter 3 charts the development of the movement to dismantle the school-to-prison pipeline as a national movement with deep local roots. It documents the beginnings of the movement in places like Holmes County, Mississippi, where African American parents first raised the alarm. It shows how national actors played important roles in spreading local victories, while both strengthening local organizing and working to influence federal policy. It discusses the struggle in the Dignity in Schools Campaign to create a coalition in which community groups would have a majority say and keep the coalition focused on supporting local organizing rather than Washington politics. It charts the movement’s victories, shifting discourse away from zero tolerance and getting the federal government to issue guidelines warning against zero-tolerance discipline. These victories became resources to groups in local- and state-level campaigns, creating a rolling series of policy wins across the country.

Accounting for multiple changing systems in environmental decision making is challenging and requires balancing several competing priorities. In fire risk, one approach which is increasingly used to capture uncertainty within multiple systems and to prioritise management efforts is Bayesian Network analysis. Here, we have used a Bayesian Network to understand the interactions between ignition likelihood, containment probability, fire behaviour, and fire weather, alongside the subsequent risks to people and property. We developed, populated and tested a Bayesian Network (BN) which classifies the likelihood of outcomes for each of these systems. We then apply this BN to grid of 72,000 potential ignition locations accross Victoria to predict house and life loss values under conditions capturing the top ten worst ranked weather days in the history of each location. We use Phoenix fire behaviour simulations and landscape scale raster data to populate the parent nodes for each ignition and extract the expected values for predicted nodes under different weather scenarios and varying levels of suppression. We found values predicted by the BN broadly matched the spatial patterns of risk produced in Phoenix i.e., areas where risk was highest and lowest in terms of fire area and house loss aligned. However, the values are rescaled by the BN as it takes into account the influence of ignition likelihood and containment probability on risk estimates. The BN is also able to capture uncertainty around the values presented from across the top ten Phoenix simulations, so the recorded values represent the likely outcome for each node given the range of potential weather conditions in those scenarios. We show that BNs can be a useful management tool for estimating fire risks across a range of weather scenarios and locations while still considering ignition likelihood and suppression effectiveness.