Journal articles: 'Parental behavior'

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Westneat, David F., and Paul W. Sherman. "Parentage and the evolution of parental behavior." Behavioral Ecology 4, no. 1 (1993): 66–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/beheco/4.1.66.

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Darden, Edwin C. "Bad Parental Behavior." Phi Delta Kappan 95, no. 3 (November 2013): 70–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003172171309500315.

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Carollo, Alessandro, Jan Paolo Macapinlac Balagtas, Michelle Jin-Yee Neoh, and Gianluca Esposito. "A Scientometric Approach to Review the Role of the Medial Preoptic Area (MPOA) in Parental Behavior." Brain Sciences 11, no. 3 (March 20, 2021): 393. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11030393.

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Research investigating the neural substrates underpinning parental behaviour has recently gained momentum. Particularly, the hypothalamic medial preoptic area (MPOA) has been identified as a crucial region for parenting. The current study conducted a scientometric analysis of publications from 1 January 1972 to 19 January 2021 using CiteSpace software to determine trends in the scientific literature exploring the relationship between MPOA and parental behaviour. In total, 677 scientific papers were analysed, producing a network of 1509 nodes and 5498 links. Four major clusters were identified: “C-Fos Expression”, “Lactating Rat”, “Medial Preoptic Area Interaction” and “Parental Behavior”. Their content suggests an initial trend in which the properties of the MPOA in response to parental behavior were studied, followed by a growing attention towards the presence of a brain network, including the reward circuits, regulating such behavior. Furthermore, while attention was initially directed uniquely to maternal behavior, it has recently been extended to the understanding of paternal behaviors as well. Finally, although the majority of the studies were conducted on rodents, recent publications broaden the implications of previous documents to human parental behavior, giving insight into the mechanisms underlying postpartum depression. Potential directions in future works were also discussed.

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Pollak, Yehuda, Bella Poni, Naama Gershy, and Adi Aran. "The Role of Parental Monitoring in Mediating the Link Between Adolescent ADHD Symptoms and Risk-Taking Behavior." Journal of Attention Disorders 24, no. 8 (August 19, 2017): 1141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087054717725875.

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Objective: ADHD in adolescents and low level of parental monitoring have been associated with increased risk-taking behavior. The present study examined whether parental knowledge of the child’s whereabouts mediates the correlations between adolescent ADHD symptoms and risk-taking behavior. Method: Ninety-two adolescents and their parents completed questionnaires assessing perceptions of parents’ monitoring, engagement in risk-taking behaviors, and ADHD symptoms. Results: Greater engagement in risk-taking behavior correlated with higher levels of ADHD symptoms and decreased parental monitoring. Mediation analysis revealed both direct effect of ADHD symptoms on risk-taking behavior and an indirect effect mediated by level of parental knowledge. Conclusion: These findings suggest that parental knowledge is negatively affected by the presence of ADHD symptoms, and may in turn lead to risk-taking behavior. The findings emphasize the need to target parenting and in particular parental knowledge of the child’s whereabouts to reduce risk-taking behaviors among youth with ADHD.

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Suwarni, Linda, Djauhar Ismail, Yayi Suryo Prabandari, and MG Adiyanti. "Perceived Parental Monitoring on Adolescence Premarital Sexual Behavior in Pontianak City, Indonesia." International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) 4, no. 3 (September 1, 2015): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijphs.v4i3.4736.

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Inadaquate parental monitoring is widely recognized as a risk factor for the development of child and adolescent conduct problems, including early premarital sexual behavior. Previous studies examining parental monitoring have largely effect to adolescents premarital sexual behavior. Parental monitoring is the most important and effective factor to prevent early adolescents sexual activity. This paper examines the role of perceived parental monitoring in adolescent’s premarital sexual behavior (study on Adolescent’s Junior High School in Pontianak). A cross-sectional study and proportionated random sampling was conducted among 402 adolescents of junior high school at six subdistricts in Pontianak. SEM analyses was conducted using SMART-PLS. Result of path analysis revealed that parental knowledge (r = 0.389) and parental-adolescence relationship (r = 0.334) had a strong influence on parental monitoring. Then, parental monitoring had a significant indirect relationship with adolescent premarital sexual behavior through attitudes about premarital sexual (path coefficient = 0.063), and attitudes about premarital sexual and intention to sexual behaviour (path coefficient = 0.03). Parental monitoring can act as protective factor in early adolescent premarital sexual behavior. Therefore, risk reduction interventions with adolescents should include their parents to learn about monitoring skill and develop skill that will allow them to buffer negative influences.

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Suwarni, Linda, Djauhar Ismail, Yayi Suryo Prabandari, and MG Adiyanti. "Perceived Parental Monitoring on Adolescence Premarital Sexual Behavior in Pontianak City, Indonesia." International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) 4, no. 3 (September 1, 2015): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/.v4i3.4736.

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Inadaquate parental monitoring is widely recognized as a risk factor for the development of child and adolescent conduct problems, including early premarital sexual behavior. Previous studies examining parental monitoring have largely effect to adolescents premarital sexual behavior. Parental monitoring is the most important and effective factor to prevent early adolescents sexual activity. This paper examines the role of perceived parental monitoring in adolescent’s premarital sexual behavior (study on Adolescent’s Junior High School in Pontianak). A cross-sectional study and proportionated random sampling was conducted among 402 adolescents of junior high school at six subdistricts in Pontianak. SEM analyses was conducted using SMART-PLS. Result of path analysis revealed that parental knowledge (r = 0.389) and parental-adolescence relationship (r = 0.334) had a strong influence on parental monitoring. Then, parental monitoring had a significant indirect relationship with adolescent premarital sexual behavior through attitudes about premarital sexual (path coefficient = 0.063), and attitudes about premarital sexual and intention to sexual behaviour (path coefficient = 0.03). Parental monitoring can act as protective factor in early adolescent premarital sexual behavior. Therefore, risk reduction interventions with adolescents should include their parents to learn about monitoring skill and develop skill that will allow them to buffer negative influences.

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Krisnana, Ilya, Praba Diyan Rachmawati, Iqlima Dwi Kurnia, and Nur Sayyid J. Rummy. "Parental Interactions Associated with Adolescent Health Risk Behavior: Premarital Sexual and Aggressive Behavior." Jurnal Ners 16, no. 2 (July 27, 2021): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jn.v16i2.22785.

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Introduction: Interactions within the family will determine the behavior of adolescents. Lack of interaction in adolescents is a risk factor for adolescent behaving deviant, among others, unmerried sexual and aggressive behaviors. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between parental interaction and the premarital sexual and aggressive behavior among adolescents.Methods: A cross-sectional approach was taken. The sample consisted of 744 adolescents from junior high school and senior high school in Java Island aged 13 - 19 years old who had completed a Google form. The independent variable was parent interaction while the dependent variable was premarital sexual and aggressive behaviors. The PACHIQ-R questionnaire was used for measuring parent interaction. While the dependent variable was using checklist questionnaire. The data was analyzed using Spearman Rank correlation with a level of significance α=0.05.Results: The results show that there is a correlation between the parent interactions and premarital sexual (p=0.007; r=0.100) and aggressive behavior among adolescents (p=<0.001;r=0.156). Parental interaction has an association on the adolescent’s behavior, especially in terms of premarital sexual and aggressive behavior.Conclusion:Nurses need to provide education not only to parents, but also for adolescents to prevent premarital sexual and aggressive behaviors among adolescents in any media that available.

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Greene, Harry W., J. Jesús Sigala Rodríguez, and Brian J. Powell. "PARENTAL BEHAVIOR IN ANGUID LIZARDS." South American Journal of Herpetology 1, no. 1 (April 2006): 9–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2994/1808-9798(2006)1[9:pbial]2.0.co;2.

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ENGSTROM, PAUL. "Child's Behavior, Parental Expectations Clash." Pediatric News 40, no. 1 (January 2006): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-398x(06)70825-6.

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HAY, CARTER. "Parental Sanctions and Delinquent Behavior:." Theoretical Criminology 2, no. 4 (November 1998): 419–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362480698002004002.

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Ketterson, E. D., and V. Nolan. "Male Parental Behavior in Birds." Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 25, no. 1 (November 1994): 601–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.es.25.110194.003125.

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Schwab, Reiko. "Parental Mourning and Children's Behavior." Journal of Counseling & Development 75, no. 4 (March 4, 1997): 258–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6676.1997.tb02340.x.

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Case, Anne, and Christina Paxson. "Parental Behavior And Child Health." Health Affairs 21, no. 2 (March 2002): 164–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.21.2.164.

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Locke, John L. "Parental selection of vocal behavior." Human Nature 17, no. 2 (June 2006): 155–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12110-006-1015-x.

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Langer, Shelby L., Joan M. Romano, Lloyd Mancl, and Rona L. Levy. "Parental Catastrophizing Partially Mediates the Association between Parent-Reported Child Pain Behavior and Parental Protective Responses." Pain Research and Treatment 2014 (January 20, 2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/751097.

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This study sought to model and test the role of parental catastrophizing in relationship to parent-reported child pain behavior and parental protective (solicitous) responses to child pain in a sample of children with Inflammatory Bowel Disease and their parents (n=184 dyads). Parents completed measures designed to assess cognitions about and responses to their child’s abdominal pain. They also rated their child’s pain behavior. Mediation analyses were performed using regression-based techniques and bootstrapping. Results supported a model treating parent-reported child pain behavior as the predictor, parental catastrophizing as the mediator, and parental protective responses as the outcome. Parent-reported child pain behavior predicted parental protective responses and this association was mediated by parental catastrophizing about child pain: indirect effect (SE) = 2.08 (0.56); 95% CI = 1.09, 3.30. The proportion of the total effect mediated was 68%. Findings suggest that interventions designed to modify maladaptive parental responses to children’s pain behaviors should assess, as well as target, parental catastrophizing cognitions about their child’s pain.

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Langhinrichsen-Rohling, Jennifer, and Martin Rohling. "Negative Family-of-Origin Experiences: Are They Associated With Perpetrating Unwanted Pursuit Behaviors?" Violence and Victims 15, no. 4 (January 2000): 459–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.15.4.459.

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Parental divorce, history of parental relationship separation, perceptions of interparental conflict, and witnessing parental violence were retrospectively assessed in a sample of 213 college students from several regions in the United States, all of whom had suffered an unwanted break-up of an important romantic relationship. This study investigated whether these family-of-origin experiences were associated with perpetrating unwanted pursuit behaviors after the relationship break-up. Results indicated that male participants who had experienced either parental divorce or separation perpetrated more severe unwanted pursuit behavior than males who had not experienced parental divorce or separation or females from either divorced, separated, or intact families. For females, severe unwanted pursuit behavior perpetration was correlated with threatening and intense parental arguments. These findings suggest that a variety of types of negative parental relationship behavior may be risk factors for perpetrating severe unwanted pursuit behaviors. The gender-specificity and implications of these findings are discussed.

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Mühlenweg, Andrea M., Franz G. Westermaier, and Brant Morefield. "Parental health and child behavior: evidence from parental health shocks." Review of Economics of the Household 14, no. 3 (February 8, 2015): 577–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11150-015-9284-y.

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Camlin, Carol S., and Rachel C. Snow. "Parental Investment, Club Membership, and Youth Sexual Risk Behavior in Cape Town." Health Education & Behavior 35, no. 4 (August 21, 2006): 522–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1090198107313471.

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This study examines whether parental investment and membership in social clubs are associated with safer sexual behaviors among South African youth. Participants comprised 4,800 randomly selected adolescents age 14 to 22 living in the Cape Town area in 2002. Logistic regression was used to examine associations between measures of parental investment and associational membership with reported condom use at first and most recent sexual intercourse, net of effects of HIV knowledge, age, education, population group, parental coresidence, and household income. Interaction terms were used to examine gender differences in associations between risk behavior and parental investment and between risk behavior and group membership. Participation in clubs and community groups is associated with safer behaviors. A mother's financial support (for clothing, school fees and uniforms, and pocket money) is negatively associated with condom use, particularly among young women, suggesting that material need impels vulnerability to higher risk behaviors. Social resources in households and communities mediate HIV risk behaviors among youth in Cape Town.

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Hadzic, Renata, Christopher A. Magee, and Laura Robinson. "Parental employment and child behaviors." International Journal of Behavioral Development 37, no. 4 (June 26, 2013): 332–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165025413477274.

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This study examined whether hours of parental employment were associated with child behaviors via parenting practices. The sample included 2,271 Australian children aged 4–5 years at baseline. Two-wave panel mediation models tested whether parenting practices that were warm, hostile, or characterized by inductive reasoning linked parent’s hours of paid employment with their child’s behavior at age 6–7 years. There were significant indirect effects linking mother employment to child behavior. No paid employment and full-time work hours were associated with more behavioral problems in children through less-warm parenting practices; few hours or long hours were associated with improved behavioral outcomes through less-hostile parenting practices. These findings may have implications for developing policies to enable parents to balance work and family demands.

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OEI, TIAN P. S., and NAMRATA RAYLU. "Familial influence on offspring gambling: a cognitive mechanism for transmission of gambling behavior in families." Psychological Medicine 34, no. 7 (October 2004): 1279–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291704003150.

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Background. The problem-gambling literature has identified a range of individual, cognitive, behavioral and emotional factors as playing important roles in the development, maintenance and treatment of problem gambling. However, familial factors have often been neglected. The current study aims to investigate the possible influence of parental factors on offspring gambling behavior.Method. A total of 189 families (546 individuals) completed several questionnaires including the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS) and the Gambling Related Cognition Scale (GRCS). The relationships were examined using Pearson product-moment correlations and structural equation modeling (SEM) analyses.Results. Results showed that generally parents' (especially fathers') gambling cognitions and gambling behaviors positively correlated with offspring gambling behaviors and cognitions. However, SEM analyses showed that although parental gambling behavior was directly related to offspring gambling behavior, parental cognitions were not related to offspring gambling behavior directly but indirectly via offspring cognitions.Conclusion. The findings show that the influence of parental gambling cognition on offspring gambling behavior is indirect and via offspring cognitions. The results suggest a possible cognitive mechanism of transmission of gambling behavior in the family from one generation to the next.

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Mukminah, Mukminah. "HUBUNGAN MONITORING PARENTAL DAN KEBIASAAN PEER GROUP DENGAN PERILAKU MEROKOK REMAJA SLTP DI KOTA MATARAM." JURNAL BIOSAINS 3, no. 3 (December 21, 2017): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/jbio.v3i3.8150.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between peer and parental control factors and smoking behaviour of adolecents among junior high school students in Mataram. Observational study was used to collect data from 108 students aged 12 to 17 on their own smoking status and parental controls. The result showed secondary students who smoke are subjected to peer group pressures and they have fewer parental controls with regard to smoking. More pressures on smoking within the peer groups were associated with a greater likelihood of smoking behaviour (p>0.05; p=0.642). However, parental controls on smoking have also been found to have influence to decreasing the likelihood of smoking behaviour among 7th and 8th students (p>0.05; p=0.440). In general, peers has stronger effects on initiation of adolecents smoking behavior than parental control influences. This findings suggest that more extensive controls on smoking at home may reduce adolecents smoking behaviour. Thus, smoking prevention for adolecents might be focused on social context such as, resisting to peer pressure and enhacing parental communication. Keywords: adolescent; smoking behavior; parental control; peer

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Pocsidio, Renzo, Joaquim Rizal, Andre Techico, Joseph David Melliza, Josef Tagupa, and Wilfred Luis Clamor. "Externalizing Behaviors and Family Influences on Filipino Urban Adolescents." Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Studies 3, no. 5 (May 29, 2021): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/jhsss.2021.3.5.6.

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This study will look through Bandura’s Social Learning Theory perspective on how parental influence predicts Filipino adolescents' externalizing behaviors. As children are impressionable, they observe their parents as role models; their behavior develops from childhood to adolescence is dependent on parental influence. With this in mind, the study’s research objectives aim to understand how parental influences, such as abusive and antisocial behavior, affect the adolescent’s externalizing behavior and the level of externalizing behaviors among Filipino adolescents living in Metro Manila, Philippines. The researchers then surveyed 202 Filipino adolescents residing in Metro Manila, answering a questionnaire that measured family characteristics, perceived abusive and antisocial behavior of parents, and self-assessed level of externalizing behaviors. The data gathered was processed through descriptive and inferential statistics, and the results concluded that family influence does have significance in the adolescent's externalizing behavior. In conclusion, through the Social Learning Theory and the data collected, the adolescent's externalizing behaviors are due to family influence.

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Moser, Richard P., and Theodore Jacob. "Parental and Sibling Effects in Adolescent Outcomes." Psychological Reports 91, no. 2 (October 2002): 463–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2002.91.2.463.

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This study examined the differential effects of parenting and sibling influences (and the interaction between the two) in predicting adolescents' problem behaviors. The reliability and validity of the Sibling Relationship Questionnaire was also assessed. Subjects were 99 intact families from the San Francisco Bay area, all of whom contained both parents and at least one target child between 10 and 18 years of age still living in the home. Analysis indicated that sibling behavior was a significant predictor of deviant behavior, as measured by the Child Behavior Checklist, even when parenting effects were statistically controlled. Parenting effects had a separate effect on adolescents' positive behaviors. The analysis of the Sibling Relationship Questionnaire indicated adequate test-retest and internal consistency reliability, and construct validity. Findings are discussed in terms of the larger literature on socialization on the different ways that siblings and parents influence adolescent outcomes.

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Sanner, Catherine M., and Cameron L. Neece. "Parental Distress and Child Behavior Problems: Parenting Behaviors as Mediators." Journal of Child and Family Studies 27, no. 2 (October 7, 2017): 591–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10826-017-0884-4.

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Setiawan, Arlette Suzy, Hendriati Agustiani, and Lenny Kendhawati. "Qualitative study on parental behavior as the source of dental fear development as reported by preschool students in Bandung." European Journal of Dentistry 12, no. 04 (October 2018): 480–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ejd.ejd_258_18.

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ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to analyze the contribution of parental behavior in DF development in preschoolchildren and seek its correlation with the level of DF. Materials and Methods: This study was addressed to preschoolchildren (3–6 years) in Bandung area using qualitative method through interviews with children. Data analysis was done using Spearman's rank correlation to find the correlation of parental behavior and level of DF. Results: Results revealed eight acquisition themes based on the parental behavior; two themes related to negative information, three themes related to direct conditioning, and three themes related to vicarious learning. Statistical analysis showed a significant Spearman rank correlation rs0.42% or 17.38% (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Parental behavior contributes to the development of DF in children at preschool ages through negative information, direct conditioning, and vicarious learning, as evidenced by the correlation of these parental behaviors with the level of DF in children.

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Sedney, Mary Anne. "Development of Androgyny: Parental Influences." Psychology of Women Quarterly 11, no. 3 (September 1987): 311–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.1987.tb00906.x.

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While many researchers have documented the existence of pressures toward traditional sex-typing in the family, schools, and media, little consideration has been given to the effectiveness of these sources in fostering more flexible orientations to sex-typing. The present paper focuses on the extent to which parents are able to influence their children toward the development of nonstereotyped behaviors, conceptualized here in terms of androgyny. This issue is examined through an exploration of several theories of sex-role development and empirical” research on sex-role development. Additional consideration of theories and research on life-span development and resistance among children in the current culture to nonstereotyped behavior lead to a distinction between short-term and long-term effects of nonsexist parental behavior. Although androgynous parents may not produce androgynous children, their children often do grow up to be androgynous adults.

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Gecas, Viktor, and Michael L. Schwalbe. "Parental Behavior and Adolescent Self-Esteem." Journal of Marriage and the Family 48, no. 1 (February 1986): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/352226.

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Levine, Phillip B. "Parental involvement laws and fertility behavior." Journal of Health Economics 22, no. 5 (September 2003): 861–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-6296(03)00063-8.

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De Bruyne, Elke, Eline Van Hoecke, Katrien Van Gompel, Sandra Verbeken, Dieter Baeyens, Piet Hoebeke, and Johan Vande Walle. "Problem Behavior, Parental Stress and Enuresis." Journal of Urology 182, no. 4S (October 2009): 2015–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2009.05.102.

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Hashima, Patricia Y., and Paul R. Amato. "Poverty, Social Support, and Parental Behavior." Child Development 65, no. 2 (April 1994): 394. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1131391.

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Wolfe, Jonathan. "Parental Behavior Training Reduces ADHD Symptoms." Psychiatric News 46, no. 24 (December 16, 2011): 10–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/pn.46.24.psychnews_46_24_10-a.

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Rossow, Ingeborg, and Inger Synnøve Moan. "Parental Intoxication and Adolescent Suicidal Behavior." Archives of Suicide Research 16, no. 1 (January 2012): 73–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13811118.2012.640576.

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Walker, Lynn S., and Janice L. Zeman. "Parental Response to Child Illness Behavior." Journal of Pediatric Psychology 17, no. 1 (1992): 49–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/17.1.49.

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Shi, Yu, and David O. Warner. "Pediatric Surgery and Parental Smoking Behavior." Anesthesiology 115, no. 1 (July 1, 2011): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0b013e3182207bde.

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Background Secondhand smoke exposure poses health risks to children, including increased risks for anesthesia. In adult smokers, surgery serves as a teachable moment to motivate quitting. For parents who smoke, having a child undergo surgery may also serve as a teachable moment for smoking behavioral change. This study determined if there is an association between children undergoing a surgical procedure and changes in their parents' smoking behavior. Methods Secondary analyses were performed using logistic regression analysis of 2005 survey data from the National Health Interview Survey. Analyses included 9,289 parent respondents who provided information on both themselves and their children. Results Of the sampled children, 1,112 (12.6%, 95% CI:11.7, 13.4) lived in a home with at least one person who smoked inside in a usual week. In multivariate analysis of the relationship between parent and child surgical history in the past 12 months and smoking behavior, surgery in either the parent (odds ratio 2.19, 95% CI: 1.55, 3.08) or child (odds ratio 2.61, 95% CI: 1.56, 4.35) was associated with an increased likelihood of a quit attempt by the parent. However, these attempts were more likely to be successful if the parents (odds ratio 2.35, 95% CI: 1.35, 4.07), not their child (odds ratio 0.51, 95% CI: 0.20, 1.28), had surgery within the past 12 months. Conclusions Parents who smoke were more likely to make a quit attempt within the past 12 months if their children had surgery within this time, but they were not more likely to succeed in maintaining abstinence and thus could benefit from assistance.

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Eastburg, Mark, and W. Brad Johnson. "Shyness and Perceptions of Parental Behavior." Psychological Reports 66, no. 3 (June 1990): 915–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1990.66.3.915.

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Doi, Satomi, Aya Isumi, and Takeo Fujiwara. "The Association between Parental Involvement Behavior and Self-Esteem among Adolescents Living in Poverty: Results from the K-CHILD Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 17 (August 28, 2020): 6277. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176277.

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It is not yet known why some adolescents living in poverty show high self-esteem, while others do not. Parental involvement may be an important determinant to promote self-esteem among adolescents living in poverty. The aim of this study is to explore better parenting involvement behavior to promote self-esteem among adolescents living in poverty. Participants included fifth-, eighth-, and 11th-grade students living in Koichi prefecture, Japan. The participants were part of the Kochi Child Health Impact of Living Difficulty (K-CHILD) study, in 2016 (n = 10,784). Participants completed a questionnaire with questions about socioeconomic status and 14 parental involvement behaviors, including 9 specific kinds of parental interactions with their child (e.g., talking about school life), and 5 elements related to parental care for their child’s physical health (e.g., access to health care). The numbers of parental involvement behaviors, parental interactions with their child, and parental care for their child’s physical health were treated as continuous and quartile, to see the association. Overall, the study showed that the larger the number of parental involvement behaviors, the higher the self-esteem score of their off-spring (p < 0.01) among both adolescents living in poverty and not living in poverty, in which interaction between poverty and parental involvement behaviors was not significant. Both parental interaction with their child and parental care for their child’s physical health were associated with higher self-esteem, in which parental interaction with their child had a larger effect than parental care for their child’s physical health. To empower adolescents in poverty, caregivers need to provide both parental interaction with the child and parental care for the child’s physical health.

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KIM, HYOUN K., DEBORAH M. CAPALDI, and MIKE STOOLMILLER. "Depressive symptoms across adolescence and young adulthood in men: Predictions from parental and contextual risk factors." Development and Psychopathology 15, no. 2 (June 2003): 469–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579403000257.

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The current study examined the course of depressive symptoms of young men from early adolescence through young adulthood using a growth model approach and the influence of early parental (i.e., depressive symptoms, antisocial behaviors, substance use) and contextual (i.e., family income and parental marital transitions) risk factors on both the level of depressive symptoms in early adolescence and on changes over a 10-year period, controlling for young men's early antisocial behavior. On average, depressive symptoms of the youths tended to decrease slightly as they reached young adulthood. Among the parental and contextual risk factors, parent's marital transitions was the most significant predictor for the level of depressive symptoms in early adolescence. Parent's marital transitions and family income were also significantly related to changes in depressive symptoms. As hypothesized, there was a significant interaction effect of paternal and maternal depressive symptoms on depressive symptoms in early adolescence and on changes over time. Maternal depressive symptoms were related to the son's depressive symptoms only when the father's depressive symptoms were also high. The results also suggested that parenting practices did not mediate the effects of the parental and contextual risk factors on the development of depressive symptoms among young men.

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Solomon, Nancy G. "Comparison of parental behavior in male and female prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 71, no. 2 (February 1, 1993): 434–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z93-061.

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A comparison of male and female parental investment patterns is needed before predictions can be generated from parental investment theory. One aspect of parental investment is parental care, therefore behavioral observations were conducted to compare the parental behavior of male and female prairie voles. Females brooded pups more frequently than did males during the first week of pup life and, in the absence of their mates in the nest, brooded pups more frequently throughout the preseparation period (between birth and separation from parents on day 20). Females also licked pups more frequently than did males during the entire preseparation period. Conversely, males spent more time outside the nest throughout the preseparation period. There were no differences between the sexes in the proportion of time spent in indirect parental behaviors such as nest building, food caching, or runway maintenance. These differences in direct parental care combined with a female's energetic investment in gestation and lactation result in greater total parental investment for female than for male prairie voles.

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Stanton, Bonita, Giavana Jones, Xinguang (Jim) Chen, Veronica Dinaj-Koci, Lynette Deveaux, Sonja Lunn, Nanika Brathwaite, and M. Perry Gomez. "PARENTAL MONITORING AND RISKY BEHAVIOR IN BAHAMIAN YOUTH." International Journal of Child, Youth and Family Studies 3, no. 4 (September 21, 2012): 376. http://dx.doi.org/10.18357/ijcyfs34201211483.

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<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Adolescent involvement in risk behaviors is a concern that crosses geographical and cultural boundaries. Research has identified a number of factors that influence child behavior outcomes. This study explored the role of perceived neighborhood problems, parent-child relationships, and parental monitoring, as they relate to engagement in risk behaviors among a sample of 497 Bahamian early adolescents. Contrary to the hypothesized direction, results of the latent growth model showed an increase in perceived parental monitoring over the four-year period. Consistent with our hypotheses, adolescents who reported greater monitoring reported less involvement in sexual activity, less involvement in physical fights, and less alcohol consumption. Positive interactions between parent and child also significantly predicted the initial status and rate of change of parental monitoring.</span>

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DENHAM, SUSANNE A., ELIZABETH WORKMAN, PAMELA M. COLE, CAROL WEISSBROD, KIMBERLY T. KENDZIORA, and CAROLYN ZAHN–WAXLER. "Prediction of externalizing behavior problems from early to middle childhood: The role of parental socialization and emotion expression." Development and Psychopathology 12, no. 1 (March 2000): 23–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579400001024.

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Parental emotions and behaviors that contribute to continuity and change in preschool children's externalizing problems were examined. Mothers and fathers were observed interacting with their children, and child-rearing styles were reported. Teachers, mothers, and children reported children's antisocial, oppositional behavior. Externalizing problems showed strong continuity 2 and 4 years later. Proactive parenting (i.e., supportive presence, clear instruction, and limit setting) predicted fewer behavior problems over time, after controlling for initial problems; the converse was true for parental anger. In contrast, the hypothesized ameliorative contribution of parents' positive emotion was not found. Parental contributions were most influential for children whose initial problems were in the clinical range. In particular, parental anger predicted continuation of problems over time. Paternal, as well as maternal, influences were identified. Examination of parental emotions and inclusion of fathers is important to research and intervention with young antisocial children.

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Gomes, Ana Isabel, Ana Isabel Pereira, Magda Sofia Roberto, Klara Boraska, and Luisa Barros. "Changing parental feeding practices through web-based interventions: A systematic review and meta-analysis." PLOS ONE 16, no. 4 (April 28, 2021): e0250231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250231.

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Web-based parent interventions designed to promote children’s healthy eating patterns can enhance parents’ engagement and facilitate behavior change. However, it is still unclear how much the existing programs focus on changing parental feeding practices, and if so, which behavioral methodologies are used and how effective these interventions are in changing these parental behaviors. This systematic review and meta-analysis studied randomized controlled trials of web-based interventions targeting parents of 0-12-year-old children, aiming to promote children’s healthy diet or prevent nutrition-related problems and reporting parental feeding behaviors as one of the outcomes. We conducted an electronic search in four databases from the earliest publication date until February 2020. Of the 1271 records found, we retained twelve studies about nine programs, comprising 1766 parents that completed the baseline evaluation. We found recent interventions, mainly directed to parents of young children, with small, non-clinical samples, and mostly theory-based. The programs were heterogeneous regarding the type of intervention delivered and its duration. The most assessed parental feeding practices were Restriction, Pressure to eat, and Food availability/accessibility. The behavior change techniques Instruction on how to perform the behavior, Demonstration of the behavior, and Identification of self as role model were frequently used. Meta-analytic results indicated that most programs’ effects were small for the evaluated parental practices, except for Food availability/accessibility that benefited the intervention group only when all follow-up measurements were considered. The development of high-quality and controlled trials with larger samples is needed to determine with greater certainty the interventions’ impact on parental feeding behaviors. The more frequent inclusion of measures to evaluate parental practices to support children’s autonomy and of self-regulatory strategies as intervention components should be considered when designing programs.

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Lee,Hyun-Ok and 김정주. "The relationship between pre-service teachers’ parental beliefs and maternal parental behavior." EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION & CARE 6, no. 1 (April 2011): 89–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.16978/ecec.2011.6.1.004.

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Mackinnon, A. J., A. S. Henderson, and G. Andrews. "The Parental Bonding Instrument: a measure of perceived or actual parental behavior?" Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 83, no. 2 (February 1991): 153–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.1991.tb07382.x.

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Mitre, Mariela, Thorsten M. Kranz, Bianca J. Marlin, Jennifer K. Schiavo, Hediye Erdjument-Bromage, Xinying Zhang, Jess Minder, et al. "Sex-Specific Differences in Oxytocin Receptor Expression and Function for Parental Behavior." Gender and the Genome 1, no. 4 (December 2017): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/gg.2017.0017.

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Parental care is among the most profound behavior expressed by humans and other animals. Despite intense interest in understanding the biological basis of parental behaviors, it remains unknown how much of parenting is encoded by the genome and which abilities instead are learned or can be refined by experience. One critical factor at the intersection between innate behaviors and experience-dependent learning is oxytocin, a neurohormone important for maternal physiology and neuroplasticity. Oxytocin acts throughout the body and brain to promote prosocial and maternal behaviors and modulates synaptic transmission to affect neural circuit dynamics. Recently we developed specific antibodies to mouse oxytocin receptors, found that oxytocin receptors are left lateralized in female auditory cortex, and examined how oxytocin enables maternal behavior by sensitizing the cortex to infant distress sounds. In this study we compare oxytocin receptor expression and function in male and female mice. Receptor expression is higher in adult female left auditory cortex than in right auditory cortex or males. Developmental profiles and mRNA expression were comparable between males and females. Behaviorally, male and female mice began expressing parental behavior similarly after cohousing with experienced females; however, oxytocin enhanced parental behavior onset in females but not males. This suggests that left lateralization of oxytocin receptor expression in females provides a mechanism for accelerating maternal behavior onset, although male mice can also effectively co-parent after experience with infants. The sex-specific pattern of oxytocin receptor expression might genetically predispose female cortex to respond to infant cues, which both males and females can also rapidly learn.

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Giménez Garcia-Conde, Miguel, Longinos Marin, Salvador Ruiz de Maya, and Pedro J. Cuestas. "Parental Attitudes to Childhood Overweight: The Multiple Paths through Healthy Eating, Screen Use, and Sleeping Time." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 21 (October 27, 2020): 7885. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17217885.

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The main goal of this paper is to examine how parental attitudes toward sleeping, screen use, and feeding their child influence the child’s body mass index (BMI) through the child’s behaviors related to time dedicated to sleep and television, and their healthy eating. Using survey data from 908 parents, results show that parental attitudes have a significant influence on children’s behavior and, more importantly, on their BMI. The three forms of a child’s behavior (sleeping, watching TV, and healthy eating patterns) are affected by what parents do and their attitudes toward these three behaviors at home. Results show how changes in parental attitudes are an interesting target to prevent the child’s overweight.

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Meléndez-Jara, Carmen Magali, Natalia Luisa Ramírez-Sáenz, and Arnold Alejandro Tafur-Mendoza. "Parental Competencies in Mothers of Infants with Disabilities and their Relationship to Adaptive Behavior and Motor Development." International Journal of Early Childhood Special Education 13, no. 1 (May 5, 2021): 121–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.9756/int-jecse/v13i1.211015.

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The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between mothers' parental competencies with the adaptive behavior and motor development of their children with disabilities and to compare parental competencies according to the mother's employment status, the mother's educational level, and family type. The study was empirical following an associative strategy. The sample consisted of 242 biological mothers and their children attending the Early Intervention Program in Lima, Peru, aged between 1 month and 4 years and 9 months. The Positive Parenting Scale (e2p) and the Battelle Developmental Inventory (BDI) were used as measurement instruments. The results show a small positive relationship between global parental competencies and muscle control and attention adaptive behaviors. Linking parental competencies showed a small relationship with motor development and adaptive behavior tasks. On the other hand, parental competencies showed small differences according to the mother's employment status and family type. Finally, the theoretical and practical implications of the study are discussed based on the findings obtained.

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Valdés Cuervo, Angel Alberto, Jesús Tánori Quintana, Ernesto Alonso Carlos Martínez, and Teodoro Rafael Wendlandt Amezaga. "Challenging Behavior, Parental Conflict and Community Violence in Students with Aggressive Behavior." International Journal of Psychological Research 11, no. 1 (February 9, 2018): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.21500/20112084.1777.

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The effects of the presence of challenging behavior problems, parental conflict and violence in the community were determined by the probability of occurrence of bullying behaviors in elementary students. 664 students participated in the study, of whom 80 (12.04%) were identified as aggressors. 80 students with no reports of attacks were later selected randomly for comparison. Using logistic regression, it was found that the variables studied manifest significant differences between the student groups with and without aggressive behavior toward peers (R2 = .39). Challenging behavior (OR = 7.83), parental conflict (OR = 3.77) and Community Violence (OR = 5.36) increase the probability of belonging to the group of aggressors. We conclude that it is necessary to analyze the bullying from an ecological framework that considers variables located in the contexts in which individuals interact.

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Quinn, Deirdre, and Amy Lewin. "Family Religiosity, Parental Monitoring, and Emerging Adults’ Sexual Behavior." Religions 10, no. 2 (February 16, 2019): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel10020114.

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The processes through which families play a role in the religious and sexual socialization of children are varied and complex. Few studies have considered the impact of parental or family religiosity on young people’s sexual behaviors, either directly or through influence on adolescents’ own religiosity. This study of college students at a large, public university in the mid-Atlantic uses multidimensional measures to examine the relationships among family religiosity, parental monitoring during adolescence, students’ religiosity, and students’ specific sexual behaviors. Results suggest that greater family religiosity is associated with a decreased likelihood of engaging in certain sex acts, but for students who do engage, family religiosity is not associated with any differences in the timing of sexual onset or in the numbers of partners with whom students engaged. Results also suggest that parental monitoring may mediate the relationship between family religiosity and some sexual risk behavior. Greater individual religiosity is associated with a lower likelihood of having engaged in any sexual activity, and a higher likelihood of condom use for students who have had vaginal sex. This study offers valuable insights into the role that religiosity, at both the family and the individual level, plays in college students’ sexual behavior.

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Yu, Shuli, Rebecca Clemens, Hongmei Yang, Xiaoming Li, Bonita Stanton, Lynette Deveaux, Sonja Lunn, Lesley Cottrell, and Carole Harris. "YOUTH AND PARENTAL PERCEPTIONS OF PARENTAL MONITORING AND PARENT-ADOLESCENT COMMUNICATION, YOUTH DEPRESSION, AND YOUTH RISK BEHAVIORS." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 34, no. 10 (January 1, 2006): 1297–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2006.34.10.1297.

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Data from 752 Bahamian youth and their parents were analyzed to examine the relationship of youth depression with youth risk involvement, parental monitoring, and parent-youth communication. Depressed youth were older, more likely to engage in risk behaviors, and they perceived significantly lower levels of parental monitoring and higher levels of impaired communication than did nondepressed youth. Both depressed and nondepressed youth perceived significantly lower rates of parental monitoring and open communication and higher rates of problem communication than did their parents, but the differences in perceptions of open communication were significantly greater among depressed parent-youth dyads. Depressed youth, youth with past histories of risk behavior, youth reporting higher levels of impaired communication and lower levels of parental monitoring were more likely to anticipate future risk behavior.

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Kroes, Gert, Jan W. Veerman, and Eric E. J. De Bruyn. "Bias in Parental Reports?" European Journal of Psychological Assessment 19, no. 3 (September 2003): 195–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027//1015-5759.19.3.195.

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Summary: In clinical practice, child psychologists' case formulations are often based on parental reports. In this study, we examined whether mothers' reports of internalizing and externalizing behavior problems in their children might be biased by maternal psychopathology. The target child sample consisted of 68 boys aged 6-12 years who were receiving treatment. Mothers' reports were compared with the reports of both teachers and group care workers as criterion ratings. After controlling for variance shared with the independent raters, multiple regression analysis indicated substantial partial correlations between various types of maternal psychopathology and the reporting of internalizing child behavior problems. Only small to insignificant partial correlations were found in the case of externalizing behavior problems. This finding is consistent with the social attribution theory that predicts greater distortion when observing more ambiguous stimuli.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Parental behavior'

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