Journal articles on the topic 'Parent factors'
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Konovalova, Alexandra M. "FACTORS RELATED TO DISRESPECTFUL ATTITUDE TO PARENTS IN ADOLESCENTS." Moscow University Psychology Bulletin, no. 3 (2020): 69–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.11621/vsp.2020.03.04.
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Relevance. The article is devoted to the study of adolescents who do not have evaluative and/or prescribed respect for their parents as well as presents factors associated with disrespectful attitude to their parents: gender, family composition, financial security of the family, social status of the parent, features of upbringing and child-parent relationships. The disrespect for parents has not yet been studied in detail Objective. Identification of factors contributing to disrespectful attitude of adolescents towards their parents. Sample. In total, 294 people participated in the study: 218 adolescents aged 12 to 17 years; 76 parents of these adolescents aged 33 to 48 years. Methods. Adolescents were offered the author’s questionnaire “Respect for Parents”, the ADOR method — “Adolescents about Parents”, Parents answered questions from “Analysis of Family Relationships” (AFR). Results. Four groups of adolescents were identified based on cluster analysis of “Respect for parents” method: respectful, disrespectful, evaluatively respectful, and prescriptively respectful. It was found that boys do not respect their parents more often than girls. Adolescents from single-parent families are also more likely to disrespect their parents. The gender of the parent is not related to respect indicators. The social success of the parent and the financial security of the family are important factors associated with the respect of adolescents for their parents. The relationship of a large number of features of parenting and child-parent relations (both in the perception of adolescents — ADOR method and their parents — AFR method) with indicators of respect for parents among adolescents was analyzed. Conclusion. Adolescents may not have evaluative respect (conscious deference, the result of evaluating a person) or prescribed respect (the result of assimilating social norms of honoring elders) for their parents, or they may not fully respect them. Adolescents do not respect parents who lack psychological acceptance of children, lack parental feelings, and are hostile to them. Also, adolescents do not respect parents who show dominant hyperprotection
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Brook, Judith S., Martin Whiteman, and David W. Brook. "Transmission of Risk Factors across Three Generations." Psychological Reports 85, no. 1 (August 1999): 227–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1999.85.1.227.
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The present study examined the association between the parent-grandmother relationship, the parenting of toddlers, and toddlers' anger. Parent-grandmother relations were assessed when the parents were adolescents. Parent-toddler relations were examined when the toddlers were two years of age The sample consists of 185 2-yr.-old toddlers, one of the parents of each toddler, and the corresponding grandmother of each toddler. The findings support our hypothesis that there would be an indirect effect of the grandmothers' personalities and child-rearing practices on their grandchildren through the influence of the grandmothers on the parents. The influence of both the grandmothers' and the parents' smoking behaviors on the toddlers' anger was mediated by their child-rearing practices. The significance of the findings from a multigenerational study are discussed with reference to incorporating them into prevention programs. The findings are consistent with the notion of the intergenerational transmission of risk factors—from grandparents to parents to toddlers.
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CESARINI, DAVID, MAGNUS JOHANNESSON, and SVEN OSKARSSON. "Pre-Birth Factors, Post-Birth Factors, and Voting: Evidence from Swedish Adoption Data." American Political Science Review 108, no. 1 (January 31, 2014): 71–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003055413000592.
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This article analyzes a rich Swedish data set with information on the electoral turnout of a large sample of adoptees, their siblings, their adoptive parents, and their biological parents. We use a simple regression framework to decompose the parent-child resemblance in voting into pre-birth factors, measured by biological parents’ voting, and post-birth factors, measured by adoptive parents’ voting. Adoptees are more likely to vote if their biological parents were voters and if they were assigned to families in which the adoptive parents vote. We find evidence of interactions between the pre- and post-birth factors: the effect of the post-birth environment on turnout is greater amongst adoptees whose biological mothers are nonvoters. We also show that the relationships between parental characteristics, such as education, and child turnout, persist even in the absence of a genetic link between parent and child. The regression-based framework we utilize provides a basis for the integration of behavior-genetic research into mainstream political science.
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Villanueva, Gabriela Abigail, and Byron Alexander Foster. "Factors Associated with Successful Mentoring of Parents Addressing Childhood Obesity: A Mixed Methods Approach." International Journal of Pediatrics 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5769621.
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Objective. Parents mentoring other parents as a behavioral intervention for child obesity is novel with limited data describing the experience and dynamics of this approach. This study aimed to describe the experiences of parent mentors and the self-efficacy and attitudes of their mentees in the context of a clinical trial for childhood obesity. Methods. The context for this study was a randomized clinical trial using either parent mentors or a community health worker engaging parents of obese children in behavioral change over six months. Parent mentors were interviewed at the mid-point of the intervention using a semistructured questionnaire to elicit their perceptions and experiences during the process of mentoring. Parent mentees completed a survey assessing their self-efficacy, perception of the parent mentor, and attitudes and beliefs related to their child’s weight. Results. The qualitative analysis of parent mentor interviews indicated high commitment despite their nonprofessional status, facing challenges of engagement with fellow parents and attitudes of persistence and being nonjudgmental. The parent mentee ratings of parent mentors were overall very high and similar to the ratings of a community health worker (paraprofessional). Conclusion. The data suggest that a parent mentor model of intervention for child obesity is an acceptable mode of approaching behavior change in the Hispanic population around childhood obesity with potential for scalability if proven effective.
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Sanyod, Vatinee, Linchong Pothiban, Jutarat Mesukko, and Srimana Niyomkar. "Factors Predicting Parent Participation in Caring for Hospitalized Children with Chronic Diseases." Open Public Health Journal 14, no. 1 (April 20, 2021): 189–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874944502114010189.
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Background: Being hospitalized with chronic disease is a stressful situation for most children that can be affect their well-being. Parent participation in child care is required for getting a better outcome. Objective: The objective of this study was to identify factors predicting parent participation in caring for hospitalized children with chronic diseases. Methods: In this study, the participants consisted of 234 parents of hospitalized children with chronic diseases and 125 nurses who cared for the children in four tertiary hospitals in central Thailand. Self-reported questionnaires were used in data collection. Data were analyzed using a descriptive statistic, Spearman’s correlation coefficient, and ordinal regression. Results: The results revealed that parent participation in caring for hospitalized children with chronic diseases had a statistically significant positive relationship with perceived self-efficacy in caring for hospitalized child, information support from health care providers, and communication between parents and nurse (r = .39, .34, and .39 p < .01, respectively). Using ordinal regression analysis, the parents’ perceived self-efficacy in caring for their child was the only predictor of parent participation in caring for hospitalized children with chronic diseases, accounting for 72.65%. Conclusion: Parents’ perceived self-efficacy in child care was the only predictor with a strong influence on parent participation in child care. This can be used as preliminary data for developing an effective intervention program for enhancing parent participation that would result in better health and quality of life for those children.
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Hanlon, Ryan, June Simon, Angelique Day, Lori Vanderwill, JaeRan Kim, and Elise Dallimore. "Systematic Review of Factors Affecting Foster Parent Retention." Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services 102, no. 3 (February 9, 2021): 285–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1044389420970034.
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This study utilized the PRISMA protocol to conduct a systematic review of the literature published in the United States from 1989 to 2018 to identify factors that affect foster parent retention. Foster parent perception of their own limitations within the child welfare system, the child welfare system’s ability to function fluidly, and the foster parents’ relationship with the agency affects retention. In addition, the lack of material resources or inadequacy of funding to cover the cost of services for the child was identified as a barrier to retention. Personal attributes such as flexibility, confidence, and motivation contributed to the caregiver retention as did attending pre-service and in-service training, and having peer support from an experienced foster parent.
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Khushhal, Asif, Muhammad Zahid, and Azizullah Jan. "Analysis of Familial Factors behind Children’s Involvement in Delinquent Acts." Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ) 1, no. 2 (December 31, 2017): 50–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.47264/idea.lassij/1.2.6.
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The study at hand is aimed to investigate familial factors responsible for pushing children toward delinquent acts. Data is collected through interview schedule from 150 respondents while the total population of the study is 250. Purposive sampling technique is used in this study as the researcher intended to consult an age group 12 to 18 years of delinquent children. Data is analysed through SPSS (Version 20). Chi-square test is used for the identification of hypothetical association between dependent and independent variables. Among the variables criminal behaviour/tendency influenced by family environment, offenses committed due to no check of the parents, strict and harsh disciplining method, parental criminality as a reason of juvenile delinquency, get involve in delinquent acts due to separation of parent, children living with a single parent, children of drug addicts, improper socialization, anti-social behaviour of parent and violence in the family are found to be significantly associated with juvenile delinquency. It is suggested that a peaceful environment should be provided inside family so as minors could not develop delinquent behaviour. Parents should hold a proper check on a child’s activities to avoid and stop a child from falling prey to delinquent behaviour. Strict and harsh disciplining methods used by parents should be stopped, children should be socialized in a well-organized manner, and drug addict’s parent should be rehabilitated.
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Soodak, Leslie C., and Elizabeth J. Erwin. "Valued Member or Tolerated Participant: Parents' Experiences in Inclusive Early Childhood Settings." Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps 25, no. 1 (March 2000): 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2511/rpsd.25.1.29.
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The present qualitative investigation explored the perspectives of parents of young children with severe disabilities to understand the factors that shape their participation in their child's inclusive education. Ten parents of children in early childhood inclusive settings were interviewed. A conceptual framework of factors that influence parent participation was developed based on the themes that emerged from the data. Findings indicated that parent participation is influenced by a number of factors, including the school's beliefs about inclusion, receptivity to parents, and willingness to change. Parent-professional partnerships were facilitated by trust, shared philosophies about children and schooling, and open communication. Achieving effective parent-professional partnerships in inclusive settings appears to be a complex process that involves commitment and understanding. Most importantly, the findings suggest that meaningful participation for children as well as parents is an important and necessary component of inclusive education.
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Rodriguez, Christina M. "Predicting Parent–Child Aggression Risk: Cognitive Factors and Their Interaction With Anger." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 33, no. 3 (February 12, 2016): 359–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260516629386.
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Several cognitive elements have previously been proposed to elevate risk for physical child abuse. To predict parent–child aggression risk, the current study evaluated the role of approval of parent–child aggression, perceptions of children as poorly behaved, and discipline attributions. Several dimensions of attributions specifically tied to parents’ discipline practices were targeted. In addition, anger experienced during discipline episodes was considered a potential moderator of these cognitive processes. Using a largely multiple-indicator approach, a sample of 110 mothers reported on these cognitive and affective aspects that may occur when disciplining their children as well as responding to measures of parent–child aggression risk. Findings suggest that greater approval of parent–child aggression, negative perceptions of their child’s behavior, and discipline attributions independently predicted parent–child aggression risk, with anger significantly interacting with mothers’ perception of their child as more poorly behaved to exacerbate their parent–child aggression risk. Of the discipline attribution dimensions evaluated, mothers’ sense of external locus of control and believing their child deserved their discipline were related to increase parent–child aggression risk. Future work is encouraged to comprehensively evaluate how cognitive and affective components contribute and interact to increase risk for parent–child aggression.
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Masood, Ambrin F., Lisa A. Turner, and Abigail Baxter. "Causal Attributions and Parental Attitudes toward Children with Disabilities in the United States and Pakistan." Exceptional Children 73, no. 4 (July 2007): 475–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001440290707300405.
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Researchers investigated the relationship between parental attributions for children's disabilities and the quality of parent-child relationships, in both U.S. and Pakistani families. Parents of children with disabilities identified potential causes of the disability and rated their parent-child relationships. Factor analysis of the causal attributions resulted in 7 factors which became the subscales used to predict parent-child relationships. Findings indicate (a) Pakistani parents rated their relationships more negatively, (b) parents who rated “Something I Did” as an influential cause rated their parent-child relationships more negatively, and (c) parents who rated “Parent's Age” as an influential cause rated their parent-child relationships more positively. More important, parent education potentially could decrease self-blame and improve the parent-child relationship for the parents and the children.
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Praphatthanakunwong, Nattakit, Komsan Kiatrungrit, Sirichai Hongsanguansri, and Kaewta Nopmaneejumruslers. "Factors associated with parent engagement in DIR/Floortime for treatment of children with autism spectrum disorder." General Psychiatry 31, no. 2 (October 2018): e000009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gpsych-2018-000009.
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BackgroundThe Developmental, Individual-differences, Relationship-based model (DIR/Floortime) is one of the well-known therapies for autism spectrum disorder (ASD), in which its main principle is to promote holistic development of an individual and relationships between the caregivers and children. Parental engagement is an essential element to DIR/Floortime treatment and involved with various factors. Finding those supporting factors and eliminating factors that might be an obstacle for parental engagement are essential for children with ASD to receive the full benefits of treatment.AimTo examine the association between parents, children and provider and service factors with parental engagement in DIR/Floortime treatment.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study of parents with children aged 2–12 years who were diagnosed with ASD. Data were collected using a parent, child, provider and service factors questionnaire. Patient Health Questionaire-9, Clinical Global Impressions-Severity and Childhood Autism Rating Scale were also used to collect data. For parent engagement in DIR/Floortime, we evaluated quality of parental engagement in DIR/Floortime and parent application of DIR/Floortime techniques at home. Finally, Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement and Functional Emotional Developmental Level were used to assess child development.ResultsParents who were married, had lower income and higher knowledge of DIR/Floortime theory were more likely to have higher parent engagement (χ2=4.43, p=0.035; χ2=13.1, p<0.001 and χ2=4.06, p=0.044 respectively). Furthermore, severity of the diagnosis and the continuation of the treatment significantly correlated with parent engagement (χ2=5.83, p=0.016 and χ2=4.72, p=0.030 respectively). It was found that parents who applied the techniques for more than 1 hour/day, or had a high-quality parent engagement, significantly correlated with better improvement in child development (t=−2.03, p=0.049; t=−2.00, p=0.053, respectively).ConclusionFactors associated with parents, children, and provider and service factors had a significant correlation with parent engagement in DIR/Floortime in which children whose parents had more engagement in DIR/Floortime techniques had better improvement in child development.
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Stephanou, Georgia, and Georgios Gkavras. "Adolescents’ Intuitive Appraisal, Attributions and Emotions for their Relationships with their Parents." International Journal of Learning and Development 2, no. 6 (November 12, 2012): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijld.v2i6.2678.
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This study study aimed to examine (a) adolescents’ attributions and emotions for their subjectively perceived good and bad relationships with their parents, (b) the association of the intuitive and attributional appraisals of the adolescent-parent relationship with the subsequent emotions, and (c) the role of the perceived importance of the good adolescent-parent relationship in the generation of attributions and emotions, and in the impact of attributions on emotions. The sample comprised 670 adolescents, both genders, aged 14-17 years old, representing various parental socioeconomic levels. The results showed that: (a) It was extremely important for the adolescents to have good relationships with their parents, (b) the perceived good adolescent-parent relationships were attributed to internal, stable and personal controllable factors, along with parent- and self-parent interactive- related factors, while the estimated as bad relationships were attributed to external, stable, personal uncontrollable and external controllable factors (parents’ negative properties), (c) the adolescents experienced intense positive and negative emotions (mainly, general / outcome- dependent) for the perceived good and bad relationships with their parents, respectively, (d) both intuitive and attributional appraisals of the relationship were associated with the emotions, particularly in the perceived bad adolescent-parent relationship, and (e) the relative strength of the association of the attributional dimensions with the emotions varied between the perceived good and bad adolescent-parent relationship and across the various emotions. Keywords: Adolescent-Parent Relationship, Attributions, Emotions, Intuitive Appraisal.
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Peña, Delores C. "Parent Involvement: Influencing Factors and Implications." Journal of Educational Research 94, no. 1 (September 1, 2000): 42–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00220670009598741.
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Stavinoha, Peter L., Cody Solesbee, Susan M. Swearer, Steven Svoboda, Laura J. Klesse, and Alice Ann Holland. "Risk Factors for Bullying Victimization in Children with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1)." Children 8, no. 2 (February 15, 2021): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children8020145.
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Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal disorder associated with numerous physical stigmata. Children with NF1 are at known risk for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), academic struggles, and significant social difficulties and adverse social outcomes, including bullying victimization. The primary aim of this study was to identify risk factors associated with bullying victimization in children with NF1 to better inform clinicians regarding targets for prevention and clinical intervention. Children and a parent completed questionnaires assessing the bully victim status, and parents completed a measure of ADHD symptoms. Analyses were completed separately for parent-reported victimization of the child and the child’s self-report of victimization. According to the parent report, results suggest ADHD symptoms are a significant risk factor for these children being a target of bullying. Findings for academic disability were not conclusive, nor were findings related to having a parent with NF1. Findings indicate the need for further research into possible risk factors for social victimization in children with NF1. Results provide preliminary evidence that may guide clinicians working with children with NF1 and their parents in identifying higher-risk profiles that may warrant earlier and more intensive intervention to mitigate later risk for bullying victimization.
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Chavez-Arana, Clara, Cathy Catroppa, Guillermina Yáñez-Téllez, Belén Prieto-Corona, Adriana Amaya-Hernández, Miguel A. de León, Antonio García, Roberto Gómez-Raygoza, Stephen J. C. Hearps, and Vicki Anderson. "How Do Parents Influence Child Disruptive Behavior After Acquired Brain Injury? Evidence From a Mediation Model and Path Analysis." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 25, no. 3 (March 2019): 237–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617718001236.
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Objectives:Children with acquired brain injury (ABI) can present with disruptive behavior, which is often a consequence of injury and parent factors. Parent factors are associated with child disruptive behavior. Furthermore, disinhibition in the child also leads to disruptive behavior. However, it is unclear how these factors interact. We investigated whether parental factors influence child disruptive behavior following ABI and how these factors interact.Methods:Parents of 77 children with ABI participated in the study. Parent factors (executive dysfunction, trait-anxiety), potential intervention targets (dysfunctional parenting practices, parental stress, child disinhibition), and child disruptive behavior were assessed. A hypothetical model based on the literature was tested using mediation and path analysis.Results:Mediation analysis revealed that child disinhibition and dysfunctional parenting practices mediated the association of parent factors and child disruptive behavior. Parents’ executive dysfunction mediated the association of dysfunctional parenting practices, parental stress and parent trait-anxiety. Parenting practices mediated the association of executive dysfunction and child disruptive behavior. Path analysis indices indicated good model adjustment. Comparative and Tucker-Lewis Index were >0.95, and the root mean square error of approximation was 0.059, with a chi-square of 0.25.Conclusions:A low level of parental trait-anxiety may be required to reduce dysfunctional parenting practices and child disinhibition. Impairments in child disinhibition can be exacerbated when parents present with high trait-anxiety. Child disinhibition is the major contributor of disruptive behavior reported by parents and teachers. The current study provides evidence of parent anxiety and child disinhibition as possible modifiable intervention targets for reducing child disruptive behavior. (JINS, 2019,25, 237–248)
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Thejaswini Karanth, Someswar Deb, Lal Ruatpuii Zadeng, Rajeswari Ramasamy, Teena Nazeem, and Suwarna Madhukumar. "Parent related factors influencing the improper use of antibiotics in children." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Life Sciences 8, no. 2 (July 19, 2020): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijprls.v8i2.1235.
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Objective to determine the parent related factors which are influencing the improper use of antibiotics in children. Antibiotics are the most commonly used drugs for treating infections. Parents’ knowledge and practices to use medicines have important effects on the management of childhood illness. Improper use of the antibiotics could be because of some strongly influenced parent related factors. A prospective study was conducted in 200 subjects from the randomly chosen communities in Bangalore. Door to door visit was done by the investigators. Demographic data were collected using CRF [Case Report Form] and Questionnaires were used to assess parental knowledge and practice of antibiotic use in children. Questionnaires were validated and either of the parents was asked to answer the questionnaire. Answers collected using the questionnaire was correlated with some of the parent related demographic factors. Our study revealed that majority of the responders were mother and most of them are of middle age and have myth about the antibiotic use in children. Education level of the parents has a direct impact on knowledge about antibiotic use. Increase in number of children in a family have a correlation in improper practice of antibiotic use. Income status is related with the practise of the antibiotic use. Occupation also plays an important role in the practice of antibiotic use in children. Residing area also influences in antibiotic use by parents. Parents’ non-adherence towards antibiotics for their children is also governed by various adverse drug reactions like allergic conditions, nausea, vomiting, fever etc.
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Curry, Katherine A., Gaëtane Jean-Marie, and Curt M. Adams. "Social Networks and Parent Motivational Beliefs." Educational Administration Quarterly 52, no. 5 (July 20, 2016): 841–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013161x16659345.
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Background: Despite devotion of substantial resources and effort to increase parent/school partnerships, gaps remain between policy rhetoric and practice, especially in high-poverty communities. Current research focuses on parent involvement or effects of parent motivational beliefs on parent choice for behavior; however, it does not address the formation of beliefs or social factors that influence parent motivation to become involved. To gain a better understanding of factors that influence parent motivational beliefs, we examined the effects of parent social network, school outreach, and neighborhood health on parent role construction and parent efficacy in an urban school district. Method/Analysis: Survey data were collected from a random sample of 30 fifth-grade parents from 56 elementary schools in a large urban district in the Midwest. Using a partially latent structural regression model, we tested the relationships between school outreach, neighborhood health, parent social network, and parent motivational beliefs. Findings: The theoretical specification of the hypothesized model was observed in the pattern of the relationships among school outreach, neighborhood health, parent network, and parent motivational beliefs. Results: The results of the structural model confirm the association between parent social network and parent motivational beliefs. Combined parent social network and school outreach accounted for 10% of the variance in parent motivational beliefs. Implications for Research and Practice: Results from this study provide a different lens through which to view parent–school partnerships. Understanding parents as social actors whose perceptions are influenced through connections with other parents can help schools facilitate motivational beliefs that lead to effective partnerships.
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Manu, Abubakar, Agnes M. Kotoh, Rexford Kofi Oduro Asante, and Augustine Ankomah. "Factors associated with parental communication with young people about sexual and reproductive health." Health Education 116, no. 6 (October 3, 2016): 595–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/he-09-2015-0025.
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Purpose Available studies on parent-child communication about sexual and reproductive health in Ghana have largely focused on assessing communication frequency, barriers, and who communicates with whom within the family. The purpose of this paper is to examine parental and family contextual factors that predict parental communication with young people about sexual and reproductive health. Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional interviewer-administered survey was conducted among 790 parents selected through a multistage sampling technique. The Cronbach’s α statistic was used to assess various parental and family contextual constructs on parent-child communication about sexual and reproductive health. Separate hierarchical multiple regression models for mothers and fathers were constructed to assess predictors of parental communication about sexual and reproductive health. Findings Nearly the same factors predicted mothers’ and fathers’ communication with young people about sexual and reproductive health matters. The predictors for both mothers and fathers included high socioeconomic status (SES), family religiousity, parent discipline, perceived parent sexual knowledge and parent trustworthiness. Parent permissiveness predicted only for fathers. Social implications Parental communication on sexual and reproductive health is influenced by high SES, family religiousity, parent sexual knowledge, parent discipline and trustworthiness. Interventional programmes on communication about sexual and reproductive health need to take cognisance of these factors to improve parent-child communication about sexual and reproductive health. Originality/value This paper adds to the limited evidence on parent-child communication about sexual and reproductive health in Ghana, by examining parental and family contextual factors that influence parental communication with young people about sexual and reproductive health.
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Antle, Becky F., Anita P. Barbee, Bibhuti K. Sar, Dana J. Sullivan, and Kirsten Tarter. "Exploring Relational and Parental Factors for Permanency Outcomes of Children in Care." Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services 101, no. 2 (November 21, 2019): 132–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1044389419881280.
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This research examined the impact of individual and relational characteristics of foster parents on permanency outcomes for children in care. Previous research has focused on child and case characteristics. The sample consisted of 233 foster parents from the public child welfare system surveyed at the end of a training. The results of the surveys showed that couple relationship quality and altruism were predictive of reunification of foster children with biological parent. The significant predictors of placement in a residential facility were age, education, and avoidant attachment style of the foster parent. Practice and policy implications are discussed.
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Pop, Meda, and Alina Rusu. "Couple Relationship and Parent-Child Relationship Quality: Factors Relevant to Parent-Child Communication on Sexuality in Romania." Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. 3 (March 19, 2019): 386. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8030386.
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This study of parents in Romania explores how perceptions of their couple relationship quality and of factors associated with it (such as sexual communication anxiety and sexual perfectionism) were related to their perception of aspects describing parenting dimensions relevant to the sexual education and sexual health of their children. The hypotheses tested in this study were supported by the data collected from 106 participants (aged 25 to 51 years), parents of 1 to 3 children: (1) sexual communication anxiety with one’s partner (but not sexual perfectionism) is a significant predictor for parents’ self-efficacy, outcome expectancy and communication and parenting behavior related to sexuality education; (2) parents’ self-efficacy and outcome expectancy about parent-child communication on sexual topics (including involvement in risky sexual behaviors) predict the level of parenting behavior in this respect; (3) parents’ sexual communication anxiety (but not their sexual perfectionism) together with their self-efficacy and outcome expectancy regarding parent-child communication about sexuality predict the level of parental sexuality-communication-and-education behavior.
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Green, Cherie C., Jodie Smith, Catherine A. Bent, Lacey Chetcuti, Rhylee Sulek, Mirko Uljarević, and Kristelle Hudry. "Differential predictors of well-being versus mental health among parents of pre-schoolers with autism." Autism 25, no. 4 (January 20, 2021): 1125–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320984315.
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Extensive research has shown elevated mental health difficulties among parents of children with autism compared to other parents. Although several studies have explored factors related to mental health among parents of children with autism, the factors that influence and promote well-being remain poorly characterised. Parents of young, newly diagnosed autistic children may also be particularly vulnerable to stressors that impact mental health and well-being. We examined child-, parent-, and family/socioeconomic factors associated with concurrent mental health and well-being among 136 parents of young children with autism, aged 13–48 months. Parental mental health was predicted by both trait negative emotionality and reported child autism symptoms, while well-being was predicted by parent factors alone, including trait extraversion and mindfulness. Broader child characteristics and family/socioeconomic contextual factors made no significant contribution in regression models. While the mental health and well-being of parents with young autistic children are associated with one another, unique predictors seem to exist. That well-being was uniquely predicted by a modifiable parent characteristic – mindfulness – suggests the potential for early supports to bring direct benefits for parents, in the context of raising a young child with autism. Lay abstract Raising a child with autism has been linked to mental health difficulties. Poor parental mental health is likely influenced by various factors – including child-, parent-, and family/socioeconomic characteristics. However, little is known about what influences and promotes well-being (as opposed to mental health) among parents of young, newly diagnosed autistic children who may be particularly vulnerable. We examined child-, parent-, and family/socioeconomic factors associated with each of mental health and well-being in a sample of 136 parents of pre-school-aged children. Parental mental health was linked to both child- (i.e. autism symptom severity) and parent-related factors (i.e. personality traits reflecting a tendency to experience negative emotions). By contrast, in additional to mental health difficulties, which were linked to well-being, only other parent-related characteristics (and not child characteristics) were related to well-being. These included personality traits reflecting a tendency to be more extraverted/sociable, and also mindfulness. Other child-related and family/socioeconomic context factors (including household income, parental education level) were not linked to parental mental health or well-being in this sample. These results support the idea that poorer mental health and well-being are not simply the opposite of one another. That is, while these two factors were related, they were linked to different personal characteristics. Perhaps most importantly, the link between well-being and mindfulness – a personal characteristic that parents can improve – suggests mindfulness-based interventions may be helpful in directly supporting parental well-being in the context of raising a young child with autism.
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Bender, Stacy L., John S. Carlson, Laurie Van Egeren, Holly Brophy-Herb, and Rosalind Kirk. "Parenting Stress as a Mediator between Mental Health Consultation and Children’s Behavior." Journal of Educational and Developmental Psychology 7, no. 1 (December 8, 2016): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jedp.v7n1p72.
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Early Childhood Mental Health Consultation (ECMC) focuses on enhancing adults’ (e.g., parents) skills and abilities in order to improve children’s behavior. Limited research has examined parenting factors as mechanisms of change, which is important given the bidirectional nature of parent-child interactions. Parenting stress and its influence on children’s behavioral outcomes (behavior problems and protective factors) were investigated following the implementation of an Early Childhood Mental Health Consultation (ECMHC) program. Participants included parents that participated in the ECMHC program (n = 247) and a comparison group (n = 72) in the Midwest. Overall, parents in the ECMHC group experienced fewer dysfunctional parent-child interactions and less distress. Results indicated that parent-child dysfunctional interactions mediated the relationship between ECMHC and children’s behavior problems (CI = .001, .038) and protective factors (CI = -.061, -.001). Parental distress did not mediate the relationship between ECMHC and children’s behavior problems (CI = -.001, .016) or protective factors (CI = -.020, .001). Understanding the influence of stress and parent-child interactions is beneficial as these may be malleable and responsive to change if targeted in intervention. Examining mechanisms of change related to parents will allow for refinement of services and improved behavioral outcomes for children.
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Drent, Halewijn M., Barbara van den Hoofdakker, Annelies de Bildt, Jan K. Buitelaar, Pieter J. Hoekstra, and Andrea Dietrich. "Factors related to parental pre-treatment motivation in outpatient child and adolescent mental health care." European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 29, no. 7 (September 24, 2019): 947–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00787-019-01391-9.
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Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between a variety of child, parent, family and environmental factors and pre-treatment motivation of parents of children and adolescents newly referred to a mental health care clinic in The Netherlands. Data were collected of 521 parents most involved in the upbringing of the child (443 mothers and 78 fathers; Dutch origin 97.1%) of 207 girls and 314 boys (age M = 10.2, range 1–18 years). Treatment motivation was measured by the Parent Motivation Inventory. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was used to investigate the prediction strength of 33 factors in 5 domains: (1) source of referral and prior use of healthcare services, (2) child characteristics, (3) characteristics of the primary parent, (4) parenting characteristics of the primary parent, and (5) family characteristics. Twenty-one factors were statistically relevant, explaining 21.3% of the deviance in pre-treatment motivation. Child characteristics, mainly type and severity of problems, contributed most to the model. Notably, internalising problems contributed more than externalising problems. Furthermore, we found relations between parental pre-treatment motivation and parents' perceived self-efficacy, parents' perceived parenting competence, financial problems and source of referral. Our findings provide insight into the multifacetedness of parental motivation prior to starting treatment and inform health professionals of specific contextual factors of interest in parents' readiness to change their behaviour and participate in treatment.
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Gong, Xiaopeng, Gregory Marchant, and Yinsheng Cheng. "Family factors and immigrant students’ academic achievement." Asian Education and Development Studies 4, no. 4 (October 5, 2015): 448–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeds-01-2015-0002.
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Purpose – The purpose of the paper is to examine the relationship between family-related factors and academic performance for Asian and Hispanic immigrant students. Design/methodology/approach – The study used data drawn from the Children of Immigrants Longitudinal Study. Data were collected from second-generation immigrant students in forms of surveys. A total of 10th to 12th grade Asian (n=3,022) and Hispanic immigrant students (n=1,664) reported their family income, father’s and mother’ education, parents’ education aspiration for them, their own education aspiration, English proficiency, family cohesion, and parent-child conflict. Their school performance indicated by grade point average demonstrated in school records was also collected. Data were analyzed with analysis of variance and regression techniques. Findings – Family income and parent-child conflict were identified as predictors of immigrant students’ grade point average. When regression analyses were conducted separately for Asian and Hispanic students, different patterns emerged. Family income and parent-child conflict predicted Hispanic immigrant students’ academic performance whereas parent education aspiration and family income predicted Asian immigrant students’ academic performance. Originality/value – The current study was among the first to examine how family emotional factors related to Asian and Hispanic immigrant students’ academic performance. The findings demonstrated some interesting patterns in terms of how different family-related factors contributed to the two immigrant student groups. It added to the existing literature about what distinguished Asian and Hispanic immigrant students’ academic achievement.
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Wisenden, Brian D. "Factors affecting reproductive success in free-ranging convict cichlids (Cichlasoma nigrofasciatum)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 72, no. 12 (December 1, 1994): 2177–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z94-291.
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This study examines the effect of parent size, fry growth rate, and habitat-related brood predation pressure on two measures of reproductive success (percent brood survival and fry number at independence from their parents) of free-ranging convict cichlids (Cichlasoma nigrofasciatum). Four populations in Costa Rican streams were studied, two in "pool" habitat and two in "stream" habitat. The number of fry that emerged from the spawning site (as free-swimming young) was positively correlated with female standard length (SL) for sites with a relatively wide size range of breeding females. SL of males had no effect on fry number at emergence, nor did size of either parent affect the probability of a brood reaching fry independence. Large parents reared more fry to independence than small parents in stream habitat but not in pool habitat. There was a significant difference among sites in fry number at emergence but not at independence (mean = 27 fry), suggesting a maximum number of fry that two parents can economically defend. Fry growth rate had no effect on either measure of reproductive success. Reproductive success was largely determined by the effect of habitat. Adult Cichlasoma dovii in pool habitat may have reduced mean brood survival from 47% (n = 126 broods) in stream habitat to 14.9% (n = 141 broods) in pool habitat. Predators such as juvenile C. dovii may be more effective in the dim ambient light in pool habitat, overwhelming the effect of parent size on brood defence.
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Ataliieva, Alla, Bohdan Biron, and Vsevolod Rozanov. "Life Adversities and Trauma as Factors of Addictive Behaviors." Journal of applied health sciences 6, no. 1 (March 4, 2020): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.24141/1/6/1/2.
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Within this study 117 drug and alcohol addicts (97 males and 20 females) were compared with a matching group of healthy controls. All respondents were questioned regarding negative life events (NLE) that have happened to them during different periods of their life, in particular when they were 0-6, 7-14, 15-18 and 19 and more years old. The questionnaire consisted of 69 questions which covered such issues as “assault”, “divorce/separation”, “major financial problems”, “serious illness or injury”, “legal problems”, “loss of confidant”, “serious marital problems”, “being robbed”, “serious difficulties at work”, “serious housing problems” and “job loss”, etc. Events related to the personal network and early life period included death of a parent, loss of an individual in the network, alcohol and drug addiction of a parent, problems in relations with parents, separation from parents, being brought up by persons other than parents, housing problems, having very bad relations with a parent, etc. It was found that the life course of NLE accumulation in addicts is 3 times higher than in controls, the differences were statistically significant (p<0,001) in all life periods. In the hierarchical regression model which was used, accumulation of NLEs in the early childhood and young adulthood (after 19) have a bigger impact than periods of school years and ad-olescence. Analysis of NLEs in the earliest life period (0-6 years) in addicts showed that alcohol problems in parents and perceived feelings that parents do not love them and even torture them emotionally were much more frequent than in controls. Other strong associations were with being brought up by people other than parents and father’s addiction. Physical and sexual violence were not among the priorities and were not so strongly associated with addiction. The results are discussed in terms of possible cultural peculiarities than may influence prioritization of childhood adversities and their relevance for further development of addictive behavior. The results obtained may be helpful while building rehabilitation measures for addicts, especially during family therapy
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Williams, Tricia S., Kyla P. McDonald, Samantha D. Roberts, Robyn Westmacott, Nomazulu Dlamini, and Emily W. Y. Tam. "Understanding Early Childhood Resilience Following Neonatal Brain Injury From Parents’ Perspectives Using a Mixed-Method Design." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 25, no. 04 (April 2019): 390–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617719000079.
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AbstractObjectives:The current study used a mixed-method design to qualitatively examine parents’ definitions of resilience and factors they believed optimized their child’s early outcome following neonatal brain injury. This was followed by quantitative analyses of early developmental and mental health outcomes and their relation to salient biopsychosocial factors.Methods:Participants were parents of children diagnosed with neonatal brain injury due to stroke or hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (N=51; age range of children 18 months to 8 years). The Parent Experiences Questionnaire (PEQ) was used to qualitatively analyze parents’ open-ended responses about their child’s early experiences and outcome. The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and Scales of Independent Behaviour Early Developmental Form (SIB-ED) parent ratings were used to measure child resilience from a quantitative perspective, identifying “at-risk” and “resilient” children using standard cutoffs. “Resilient” and “at-risk” children were compared on biopsychosocial variables using univariatettests and chi-square analyses.Results:Parents provided five unique definitions of their child’s positive outcomes, and many children demonstrated resilience based on parent perspectives and quantitative definitions. Supporting factors included close medical follow-up, early intervention, and intrinsic factors within the child and parent. Group comparisons of “resilient” and “at-risk” children highlighted the importance of parent mental health across these early developmental and mental health outcomes.Conclusions:Many children were described as resilient during the early years by parents using qualitative and quantitative approaches. Findings highlighted the importance of parent well-being in promoting optimal early outcomes. (JINS, 2019,25, 390–402.)
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Carlon, Sarah, Mark Carter, Jennifer Stephenson, and Naomi Sweller. "Parent and Child Factors Predicting Early Intervention Choices of Australian Parents of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder." Australasian Journal of Special and Inclusive Education 43, no. 2 (October 4, 2019): 83–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jsi.2019.9.
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AbstractExtant research addressing implicit factors related to intervention decisions made by parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is limited and findings have been inconsistent. In the present study, 74 parents of preschoolers with ASD were surveyed regarding intervention use. The possible relationships between implicit parent factors (education level, age, causal beliefs about ASD, complementary and alternative medicine [CAM] use, and family income) and child factors (time since diagnosis, and perceived severity of ASD), and the number and type of interventions used were examined. Consistent with previous research, only a small number of significant relationships were found, including that family income, parent use of CAM, mother’s education, parent belief in an unknown aetiology of ASD, and time since child’s diagnosis were all related to the number of interventions used. Some specific findings of previous research were not replicated in the present study (e.g., neither beliefs in environmental aetiology of ASD nor parent education levels were related to the use of specific CAM interventions), indicating that factors affecting decision-making may not be consistent across samples. Nevertheless, future research including an expanded range of possible implicit factors with more diverse samples may provide a more accurate predictive model of parent decision-making.
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Rathinabalan, Indiran, and Sridevi A. Naaraayan. "Effect of family factors on juvenile delinquency." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 4, no. 6 (October 24, 2017): 2079. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20174735.
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Background: Juvenile delinquency is multifactorial with risk factors operating at multiple levels namely individual, micro environment and macro environment levels. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of family factors on juvenile delinquency.Methods: This was a case control study done from January 2009 to December 2009. Adolescents present in the Government run Special observation home were cases, while boys of 10, 11, and 12 standards in a government school served as controls. Data on demographic details, offence committed and family factors were collected using a structured proforma. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine which of the factors acted as risk factors for juvenile delinquency.Results: Totally sixty juveniles and an equal number of school students were interviewed. Paternal age above 50 years, paternal smoking, alcohol intake, substance abuse and involvement in crime, maternal education and employment, being born as a single child, having separated parents or single parent were significant family factors identified in univariate analysis. Paternal age more than 50 years, paternal smoking, maternal employment and single parent emerged as significant risk factors in regression analysis.Conclusions: Paternal age more than 50 years, paternal smoking, maternal employment and single parent are significant independent risk factors of juvenile delinquency.
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Bayly, Benjamin L., and Sara A. Vasilenko. "An ecological latent class model of adolescent risk and protective factors: Implications for substance use and depression prevention." International Journal of Behavioral Development 45, no. 4 (April 15, 2021): 355–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/01650254211005567.
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To provide a comprehensive view of the unique contexts shaping adolescent development in the U.S., we utilized latent class analysis (LCA) with indicators of risk and protection across multiple domains (family, peers, school, neighborhood) and examined how latent class membership predicted heavy episodic drinking, illicit substance use, and depression in adolescence and 6 years later when participants were young adults. Data came from Wave 1 (W1) and Wave 3 (W3) of the nationally representative U.S.-based Add Health study ( N = 6,649; M age W1 = 14.06; M age W3 = 20.38; 53.8% female; 56.1% White/European American, 22.8% Black/African American, 9.5% Hispanic, 6.7% Biracial, Asian or Pacific Islander 4.2%, American Indian/Native American 0.7%). A six-class solution was selected with classes named: Two Parent: Low Risk, Two Parent: Relationship Risks, Two Parent: Neighborhood Risks, Single Parent: Low Risk, Single Parent: Relationship Risks, and Single Parent: Multidimensional Risk. Subsequent analyses suggested that adolescent social relationships are particularly important for prevention interventions as the classes marked by substance using peers and a lack of closeness to parents and teachers in adolescence (Two Parent: Relationship Risks and Single Parent: Relationship Risks) had consistently poorer outcomes in adolescence and young adulthood.
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Curiel, Herman. "Parent Group Education to ENABLE “Barrio” Parents." Advances in Social Work 15, no. 1 (April 2, 2014): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.18060/16648.
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This paper describes a 1960s “War on Poverty” parent group education program that brought together three national private voluntary agencies with federal funding by the Office of Economic Opportunity (OEO). Project ENABLE (Education Neighborhood Action for a Better Living Environment) sought to direct professional efforts to help/empower the poor and societal members of ethnic minority groups. Group education as a preventive modality was used to strengthen parents’ problem solving skills in their roles both as parents and as community leaders. The author describes his group leadership role together with that of the indigenous case aides who helped direct/enable the collective power of a group of poor Spanish speaking Mexican origin families living in barrios (neighborhoods) of a major metropolitan southern city. Project ENABLE embraced a strengths-based perspective characteristic of social work’s historical empowerment traditions. Despite its brief existence, Project ENABLE functioned as a demonstration program in 62 communities across the United States. Ironically, its prevention focus and demonstration nature served to undermine its ability to compete with other OEO initiatives like Head Start and job training programs. The author cites a combination of historical and logistic factors that contributed to the short life and ultimate demise of a once promising outreach program.
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Takeda, Toshinobu, Jenelle Nissley-Tsiopinis, Salloni Nanda, and Ricardo Eiraldi. "Factors Associated With Discrepancy in Parent–Teacher Reporting of Symptoms of ADHD in a Large Clinic-Referred Sample of Children." Journal of Attention Disorders 24, no. 11 (June 2, 2016): 1605–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087054716652476.
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Objective: To identify factors associated with discrepancy in parent–teacher reporting of symptoms of ADHD. Method: Parents and teachers rated 1,364 children using an ADHD rating scale. Data were analyzed using multiple regressions and ANOVA. Results: Demographic variables predicted greater parent–teacher discrepancy for ethnic minority families than for Caucasian families. Comorbidity variables predicted greater discrepancy for children who had a comorbid externalizing disorder. Academic performance variables predicted discrepancy for children who showed more homework problems. When all significant predictors were entered together, externalizing disorders and homework problems emerged as significant predictors. Participants whose parents reported higher levels of symptoms were of significantly higher socioeconomic status. Participants whose teachers reported higher levels of symptoms were significantly less likely to have a comorbid externalizing disorder and parent-reported homework problems. Conclusion: Parent–teacher discrepancies are likely to occur when the child has significant homework and externalizing behavior problems.
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Matthewson, Mandy, Rosanne Burton Smith, and Iain Montgomery. "Does the Parent–Child Relationship Contribute to Children's and Parents’ Anxiety?" Journal of Relationships Research 3 (May 23, 2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jrr.2012.2.
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This study explored which parent–child relationship factors are most important in predicting children's and parents’ anxiety. The participants were 52 fathers, 52 mothers, 30 sons and 30 daughters. Parents completed a measure of anxiety and a measure of the parent–child relationship. Children completed two measures of anxiety. Mothers’ communication was found to be the only significant predictor of sons’ anxiety. Daughters’ anxiety was significantly predicted by fathers’ communication and mothers’ satisfaction with parenting. These findings signal the important role the opposite-sex parent has in children's anxiety. Moreover, feeling supported as a parent and having the ability to communicate effectively with their children are important predictors of parents’ wellbeing.
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Bush, Terry, Susan J. Curry, Jack Hollis, Louis Grothaus, Evette Ludman, Tim McAfee, Michael Polen, and Malia Oliver. "Preteen Attitudes about Smoking and Parental Factors Associated with Favorable Attitudes." American Journal of Health Promotion 19, no. 6 (July 2005): 410–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4278/0890-1171-19.6.410.
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Purpose. To describe youth smoking-related attitudes and evaluate the effects of parental factors on child adoption of positive attitudes about smoking. Design. This study used baseline and 20-month data from a family-based smoking-prevention study (82.9% completed both surveys). Setting. Telephone recruitment from two health maintenance organizations. Subjects. Children aged 10 to 12 years and one parent of each child (n = 418 families) were randomly assigned to a frequent assessment cohort (12.5% of participants). Intervention. Families received a mailed smoking-prevention packet (parent handbook, videotape about youth smoking, comic book, pen, and stickers), outreach telephone counselor calls to the parent, a newsletter, and medical record prompts for providers to deliver smoking-prevention messages to parents and children. Measures. Demographics, tobacco status, attitudes about smoking (Teenage Attitudes and Practices Survey), family discussions about tobacco, family cohesiveness (family support and togetherness), parent involvement, parent monitoring, and parenting confidence. Results. One-third of the children endorsed beliefs that they could smoke without becoming addicted, and 8% to 10% endorsed beliefs on the benefits of smoking. Children's positive attitudes about smoking were associated with lower family cohesiveness (p = .01). Parental use of tobacco was the only significant predictor of children's positive attitudes about tobacco at 20 months (p = .03). Conclusions. Children as young as 10 years underestimate addictive properties of smoking, which may place them at risk for future smoking. Parental use of tobacco and family cohesiveness are important factors in the formulation of preteen attitudes about smoking.
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Choi, Miyoung, and Jisoo Kim. "Associated Factors in Pediatric Nurse Parent Partnership." Child Health Nursing Research 20, no. 3 (2014): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.4094/chnr.2014.20.3.176.
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OSTERWEIL, NEIL. "Factors Affecting Custody Depend on the Parent." Clinical Psychiatry News 40, no. 1 (January 2012): 23–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0270-6644(12)70018-8.
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Underwood, Jason. "New Factors Controlling Parent-Specific Genetic Control." PLoS Biology 4, no. 11 (October 17, 2006): e398. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0040398.
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Lino, Mark. "Factors Affecting Expenditures of Single-Parent Households." Home Economics Research Journal 18, no. 3 (March 1990): 191–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077727x9001800301.
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Ibabe, Izaskun, Joana Jaureguizar, and Peter M. Bentler. "Risk Factors for Child-to-Parent Violence." Journal of Family Violence 28, no. 5 (May 25, 2013): 523–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10896-013-9512-2.
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Russell, Cristel A., and L. J. Shrum. "The Cultivation of Parent and Child Materialism: A Parent–Child Dyadic Study." Human Communication Research 47, no. 3 (June 14, 2021): 284–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hcr/hqab004.
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Abstract Research has shown that television viewing cultivates a materialistic worldview in children. However, other socialization factors may also influence children’s materialism. The current research tests two socialization pathways of parental influence: (a) an indirect path in which parents pass on their own materialism to their children, and the parent’s materialism is at least partly the result of a parent cultivation effect (parent cultivation); (b) an indirect path in which parents pass on their television viewing behavior to their children, which in turn positively predicts the children’s level of materialism (child cultivation). The results of two studies (initial study plus direct replication, N = 818) of U.S. parent–child dyads with 14- to 17-year-old children support the first path but not the second: The relation between parent TV viewing and child materialism is mediated through parent materialism. Child TV viewing is positively correlated with child materialism, but is nonsignificant when parent materialism is controlled.
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Galloway, Helen, Emily Newman, Nicola Miller, and Clare Yuill. "Does Parent Stress Predict the Quality of Life of Children With a Diagnosis of ADHD? A Comparison of Parent and Child Perspectives." Journal of Attention Disorders 23, no. 5 (May 13, 2016): 435–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087054716647479.
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Objective: There are indicators that parental psychological factors may affect how parents evaluate their child’s quality of life (QoL) when the child has a health condition. This study examined the impact of parents’ perceived stress on parent and child ratings of the QoL of children with ADHD. Method: A cross-sectional sample of 45 matched parent–child dyads completed parallel versions of the KIDSCREEN-27. Children were 8 to 14 years with clinician diagnosed ADHD. Results: Parents who rated their child’s QoL lower than their child had higher perceived stress scores. Parent stress was a unique predictor of child QoL from parent proxy-rated but not child-rated QoL scores. Conclusion: Parents’ perceived stress may play an important role in their assessments of their child’s QoL, suggesting both parent and child perspectives of QoL should be utilized wherever possible. Interventions that target parent stress may contribute to improvements in the child’s QoL.
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Kovienė, Skaistė. "COMPETENCE CONDITIONS ENABLING EDUCATION IN PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATION ESTABLISHMENTS: PARENTS’ EVALUATION." Problems of Education in the 21st Century 75, no. 2 (April 20, 2017): 157–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/pec/17.75.157.
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Competence, psychological and material-organisational conditions determine favourable educational environment for parent education in pre-school education establishments. The aim of this research is - to identify competence conditions determining favourable educational environment for parent education in pre-school education establishment. Competence conditions, determining favourable educational environment for parent education in pre-school education establishments, which are formed of pedagogues and parents’ collaboration and parents’ communication between themselves, have been examined in the research. One of the determining factors, forming favourable educational environment for parent education is- pre-school educational establishment pedagogues, therefore both professional and personal pedagogues’ abilities were analysed to apply the most suitable communication and collaboration forms with parents in a concrete situation, to give parents pedagogical-psychological support. Standardised interview was applied for the research (for gathering empiric research data) and content analysis (empiric data analysis). Parents of the children attending pre-school education establishments participated in the research. The obtained results allowed making concrete conclusions about competence conditions determining favourable environment for parent education and to identify, according to parents, the most necessary for parents’ education improvement educational environment area, – pedagogues and parents’ communication and collaboration. Keywords: competence conditions, educational environment, parent education, communication and collaboration, parent involvement, pre-school education establishment.
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Dovgan, Kristen N., Kerri P. Nowell, and Juliana Aguilar. "Influences on Parent Perceptions of Autism Severity." Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities 34, no. 4 (December 20, 2018): 236–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1088357618815884.
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Research in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often relies on parent report for describing behavior and symptoms. Psychometric studies in assessment have supported the utility of parent report; however, cultural and external factors may influence ratings of severity. The purpose of this study was to investigate if parent characteristics influence the severity rating of ASD over and above child characteristics. Using the 2009–2010 National Survey of Children With Special Health Care Needs (NS-CSHCN), we examined 3,037 parents who answered questions about their child’s ASD symptoms. We used hierarchical multiple regression to assess child-level variables (age, developmental delay, intellectual disability, and number of co-occurring emotional or behavioral conditions) and family-level variables (education, income, and language). We also performed mediation analyses to examine the relationship between language and severity ratings. Parents rated their child’s ASD as mild (52.3%), moderate (36%), or severe (11.8%). Parent-level variables explained a significant amount of variance over and above child-level variables. Several different stressors and challenges for English Language Learner parents mediated the relationship between language and severe ASD ratings. When asking parents to evaluate a child’s ASD symptoms, clinicians and researchers must consider the influence of sociocultural factors on ratings. In addition, because parent perception can drive help-seeking behaviors, professionals need to understand that there may be differences across sociocultural groups. Future research should investigate which sociocultural perceptions or expectations may be affecting parent ratings of ASD severity.
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Grogan, Kathryn E. "Parents' choice of pre-kindergarten: the interaction of parent, child and contextual factors." Early Child Development and Care 182, no. 10 (August 23, 2011): 1265–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03004430.2011.608127.
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Dowda, Marsha, Ruth P. Saunders, Natalie Colabianchi, Rod K. Dishman, Kerry L. McIver, and Russell R. Pate. "Longitudinal Associations Between Psychosocial, Home, and Neighborhood Factors and Children’s Physical Activity." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 17, no. 3 (March 1, 2020): 306–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2019-0137.
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Background: Physical activity (PA) provides important health benefits to children, and a large percentage of children’s PA occurs at home. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between psychosocial, home, and neighborhood environmental factors and children’s reported PA at home and in the neighborhood, during the transition from elementary to high school. Methods: A total of 555 participants (44% boys) were recruited in grade 5 and followed through grades 6, 7, and 9. Children self-reported PA in 3 locations—at home, in the neighborhood, and on the street. Children reported parent support and neighborhood environment, parents reported PA equipment, and a windshield survey assessed incivilities and outside PA equipment. Longitudinal Poisson models evaluated the relationships between environmental variables and 3 self-reported PA variables, adjusting for gender, race/ethnicity, and parent education. Results: Parent support and PA equipment were significant positive predictors of home PA. Child’s perceived environment (positive) and incivilities (negative) were significant predictors of neighborhood PA. Parental support, perceived environment, and outside PA equipment were positive significant predictors of street PA. Conclusions: This study supports the need for both family and community/neighborhood PA interventions that encourage parents to support child PA and for communities to reduce incivilities.
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Chandler, Cláudia Lobelli, Isabelita Duarte Azevedo, Manoelito Ferreira Silva Junior, Johnnatas Mikael Lopes, Manuel Antonio Gordón-Núñez, and Silvana Alves Pereira. "Intraoral findings in newborns: prevalence and associated factors." Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences 17 (December 4, 2018): e181344. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/bjos.v17i0.8654159.
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Aim: To investigate the prevalence of intraoral characteristics and associated factors with neonatal and parent variables in a group of Brazilian newborns. Methods: This cross-sectional study with a descriptive and inferential approach, whose data was obtained through clinical examination, interview and the collection of medical record information. The sample was selected from babies up to three days old, of both sexes, and born between January and December 2013 in the Ana Bezerra University Hospital, in the city of Santa Cruz-RN, Brazil. The exposure variables included neonatal (sex, weight, gestational age, type of delivery and Apgar score) and parent (presence of systemic disease(s), drug use and consanguinity between the parents) variables. Descriptive analysis and Poisson regression were performed to estimate the ratio of gross and adjusted prevalence of intraoral findings (Epstein pearls, Bohn’s nodule, dental lamina cyst and ankyloglossia) with the neonatal and parent variables (p<0.05). Results: Of a total of 168 examined newborns, 56.5% (n=95) were male. The most prevalent intraoral feature was the fibrous cord of Magitot, 62.5% (n=105), and the most frequent alteration was Epstein pearls, 44.6% (n=75). Female gender was a factor for Bohn’s nodule (OR=0.90; 95%CI:0.82-0.99), and no tobacco use by the father was a protective factor for Epstein pearls (OR=0.73;95%CI:0.55-0.97). Additionally, lower mother’s age, between 20-34 years of age (OR=1.58;95%CI:1.07-2.35) and under 19 years of age (OR=1.61; 95%CI:1.03-2.52) increases the chance of having Epstein pearls. Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of alterations in the newborns’ oral cavities and there were associations between neonatal and parent variables.
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Arlinghaus, Katherine R., and Melissa N. Laska. "Parent Feeding Practices in the Context of Food Insecurity." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 2 (January 6, 2021): 366. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020366.
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The process of feeding is complex and highly dependent on parent, child, social, and environmental factors. Given the rising rates of food insecurity and concomitant poor nutrition and health, the purpose of this article was to outline the important and complex ways in which the context of food insecurity can impact parent feeding practices. Key factors discussed here include the impact of food insecurity on: expectations for motherhood, structural constraints, stress and depression, parents’ perceptions of health and child weight, and intergenerational transmission of parent feeding practices. Future research needs are also identified and discussed.
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Yazdani, Neshat, Karen L. Siedlecki, Zihuan Cao, and Heining Cham. "Longitudinal Impact of Sociocultural Factors and Parent Beliefs on Parent-Teacher Relationship Strength." Elementary School Journal 121, no. 1 (September 1, 2020): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/709881.
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Malm, Esther K., Schell M. Hufsteler, Stephanie L. Dietz, Mariya V. Malikina, and Christopher C. Henrich. "Associations of parent and staff factors with parent engagement in after-school programs." Journal of Community Psychology 45, no. 4 (January 31, 2017): 473–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcop.21859.
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Chen, Cory K., Karima Clayton, and Joshua Chodosh. "The Relationship Between “What We Believe” and “How We Care” Among Daughters Caring for a Parent With Dementia." American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementiasr 32, no. 2 (January 24, 2017): 90–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1533317517689875.
Full textAbstract:
This study attempted to better understand factors associated with relationship conflict between daughters and their parents with dementia. We examined data from 77 daughters self-identified as primary caregivers of a parent with dementia to test the hypothesis that daughters’ belief that a parent with dementia can control their symptoms is associated with more conflict, defined as high expressed emotion (EE). Participants completed self-report questionnaires assessing beliefs about parents’ ability to control symptoms, stress, relationship conflict, parent agitation, and cognitive status. Results indicated that greater intensity of daughters’ belief that their parent can control dementia-related symptoms was associated with more relationship conflict or “high EE” (β = 0.57, P < .001). Daughters’ beliefs about parental behavior may contribute to caregiver stress and exacerbate negative behaviors exhibited by individuals with dementia. Educating caregivers about parental behaviors and examining factors underlying caregiver interpretations of these behaviors hold promise for reducing caregiver stress.