Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Parcours Patients'
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Puyade, Mathieu. "Parcours de soins des patients atteints d'hémopathies malignes en Poitou-Charentes." Thesis, Poitiers, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017POIT1407/document.
Full textFrench national Cancer plans aimed to reduce health care inequalities. These inequalities are well known in solid cancers but few data with correct methodology exist in Hematology, especially in Multiple Myeloma (MM). The new treatments in this disease have dramatically improved Overall Survival. So guidelines of the Société Française d'Hématologie have quickly recommended the use of these new drugs. The aim of our work: Care Pathway of patients with hematological malignancies in Poitou Charentes area was to describe and analyze non compliance to guidelines. Based on the exhaustivity of the Poitou Charentes Cancer Registry, our work revealed variables associated with healthcare inequalities. They were demographical (age, distance between home and hospital), tumor-related (symptomatic MM or not) but also organizational (level of the hospital, multidisciplinary meeting). Moreover we showed that those inequalities had a negative impact on overall survival, especially in elderly people. Our work continues with more accurate analysis of overall survival and a study on MM long survivors. Longer-term studies would be to transfer this approach to other hemopathies
Sanchez, Marc-Antoine. "Mesures d’impact d’innovations organisationnelles sur les parcours patients 2017-2022 en France." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASR023.
Full textIn recent decades, the French healthcare system has implemented several reforms aimed at improving the supply of care and the efficiency of the system. Organizational innovations are one way of implementing these public policies. They aim to promote changes in patient care and professional practices. These innovations can also respond to unanticipated epidemiological situations, as we experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic.In this work we measure the impact of major organizational innovations of recent years in France, looking at major reforms in the hospital and ambulatory sectors in France between 2017 and 2022.The first part of this work focused on a hospital reform carried out as part of the Episode de Soins experiments stemming from Article 51 of the 2018 Social Security Financing Act. This financing reform (bundled payment) aims to encourage healthcare establishments to adopt more efficient, results-focused practices. Three complementary studies carried out using the national healthcare data system (SNDS) looked at the possible impact of such a reform on readmission rates following an initial stay, an indicator of the quality of the overall care pathway. We studied the length of stay-readmission relationship, then the role of medical and rehabilitation care in the ambulatory-hospital pathway, and finally the marginal costs associated with a day of hospitalization and their impact on overall pathway costs.Our results confirm that the length of the initial stay, which is tending to decrease with new practices, is a relevant parameter that hospitals can take into account to positively influence readmission rates, modulo through the judicious use of care time (multidisciplinary organization). This is particularly interesting in the context of the bundled payment financing model, which allows facilities to be less dependent on length of stay, unlike activity-based financing.The second section looks at reforms in the outpatient sector, with a particular focus on general medicine. The first study focus on the introduction of pay for performance model to encourage preventive activities, the second is the indirect evaluation of countermeasures to limit the health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. We observed that the overall improvement in remuneration sur objectif de santé publique (ROSP) scores, observed between 2017 and 2020 in the Grand Est region, suggests that the implementation of these indicators could be useful for improving the quality of care in the medium and long term. In the second part of this section, we observed the effect of a constrained reform represented by the COVID-19 pandemic on the quality of ambulatory care pathways. To do this, we used the SNDS to describe the consumption of care and the dispensing of drugs in a particularly medically captive population (military population), in an attempt to underline an effect specific to the crisis itself. This study shows significant changes in the dispending rate of psychotropic drugs among French military personnel during the COVID-19 pandemic, showing the likely significant effects of the pandemic on mental health.While organizational innovations are a means of implementing health policies, the results obtained are not always as good as expected. The role of research is essential at every stage of policy development, from the definition of indicators and evaluation criteria to the actual content of public policy
Benhajji, Noura. "Système multi-agents de pilotage réactif des parcours patients au sein des systèmes hospitaliers." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0245/document.
Full textThrough our research, we offer a support tool for the managers in Robert Pax hospital in Sarreguemine (France), and more generally any hospital center wishing to develop a patient centered approach. We were inspired by « product centered » approaches emerging from industrial domain which were proposed to answer the increasing requirements of products management. By analogy, health care systems patient centered can be assimilated to production systems product centered. However, it is important not to lose sight of the specificities of health care systems which is the human factor. This specificity makes this system complex, random and unpredictable. Besides, the approaches used in industrial or hospital environment, are mainly mathematical models and simulation approaches centered on one ore several resources categorized as critical. In that sense, it seemed judicious to choose a patient centered approach based on a multi-agent paradigm. We proposed a Reactive multi-agent control system of the patient flow in healthcare system. The proposed alternative is a patient centered approach allowing to minimize the patients waiting time and the length of their stay and consequently the care costs. The proposed approach also ensures the care quality and an optimal use of the hospital resources
Benhajji, Noura. "Système multi-agents de pilotage réactif des parcours patients au sein des systèmes hospitaliers." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0245.
Full textThrough our research, we offer a support tool for the managers in Robert Pax hospital in Sarreguemine (France), and more generally any hospital center wishing to develop a patient centered approach. We were inspired by « product centered » approaches emerging from industrial domain which were proposed to answer the increasing requirements of products management. By analogy, health care systems patient centered can be assimilated to production systems product centered. However, it is important not to lose sight of the specificities of health care systems which is the human factor. This specificity makes this system complex, random and unpredictable. Besides, the approaches used in industrial or hospital environment, are mainly mathematical models and simulation approaches centered on one ore several resources categorized as critical. In that sense, it seemed judicious to choose a patient centered approach based on a multi-agent paradigm. We proposed a Reactive multi-agent control system of the patient flow in healthcare system. The proposed alternative is a patient centered approach allowing to minimize the patients waiting time and the length of their stay and consequently the care costs. The proposed approach also ensures the care quality and an optimal use of the hospital resources
Ferrera, Bibas Félicia. "La création collective de sens peut-elle favoriser la fabrique d'un dispositif d'action organisée ? : cas du parcours de la personne âgée." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM1098.
Full textWe are trying to understand and experiment with the creation of a collective action program that is coordinated around approved health care pathways. This program is called CareHolder, and is based in an area not far from a large city in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur region. It distinguishes itself for its governance, tools, activities, and for its key players marked by their diversity, without any predefined organizational links and without a higher authority requiring them to work together. By relying on the perspectives of sensemaking and sensegiving (Weick), we have stated the hypothesis that the collective sensemaking process is at the root of a social structure organized ex-nihilo. We shall analyze this process on two analytical levels: 1) the unfolding of the collective sensemaking process as the development of a social process based on giving sense to a collective healthcare program (Therapeutic Patient Education), and 2) the role of the sensegiver in its capacity to support the “CareHolder”. The Therapeutic Patient Education is here envisaged both as a therapeutic tool and as a managerial tool. We have analyzed the emergence and the implementation of the CareHolder over several years. Our main results have highlighted the three skills of the sensegiver during the collective sensemaking process: 1) bringing the players together, 2) promoting equivocality to encourage and clarify an outlook, and 3) being able to anchor what emerges from the relations by relying on ritualistic elements and enabling the players to ‘settle into’ this new collective working environment with the patient. We propose empirical recommendations and future research paths
Tamarozzi-Bert, Federica. "Pratiques thermales : parcours thérapeutiques et plénitude physique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM5021.
Full textShared between ancient traditions and modern health practice, contemporary hydrotherapy has become a peculiar health culture encompassing, without mutually excluding, both of these knowledges. This ethnographic work based on field studies in France (Aix-les-Bains) and in Italy (Salsomaggiore) shed light on several aspects of the use of hydrotherapy in Europe. First, the perception of one's own body and of the disease rises from both personal and social experiences. Among all available health practices, hydrotherapy is peculiar in giving a central role to its user, at the same time subject and object of both the physical and psychological aspects of the treatment. Not only he actively interacts with his therapists, but he plays a pivotal role in building and spreading the mythology and the imagination of thermal baths, which are in turn conveyed by the spa town. This becomes not just the geographical place where the therapy is held, but also and most importantly a stage to represent and legitimate a certain view of health. A final important aspect contributing to the flourishing of hydrotherapy is the treatment itself, the effectiveness of the therapeutic water, the quality of the services provided by the therapists who developed a particular relationship with illness. At the crossroads of different types of medicines, ‘ medecines savantes', popular and alternative medicine, modern hydrotherapy revealed itself as a dynamic reality whose plurality allows the use of syncretism to explain the combining of different (often contradictory) beliefs and practices
Fave, Levert Sophie. "Parcours de soins des patients atteints de maladie rénale chronique : place et éthique des réseaux de santé ?" Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10081/document.
Full textChronic diseases necessarily imply partnership between patients and medical team. The health care system is directed towards secondary prevention and the preservation of quality of life. Chronic kidney disease is a public health priority by its prevalence, diabetes and cardiovascular comorbidities, specific care as dialysis or transplantation, economics and impact on patients’ way of life. Guidelines encourage early therapeutic care plan. Renal care networks aim at raising awareness of kidney disease detection, coordinate and promote multidisciplinary follow-up and connections between hospitals and ambulatory care. This work analyses the role of renal care networks in France. A survey on access to care and care plan running supports shows a strong heterogeneity in their organisation and management. While international literature describes the positive effect of such supported care management on evolution of renal function and quality of life, using renal care networks by professionals and patients remains uncertain. The study suggests promoting supporting patients in care management and globalizing practices through training, multidisciplinary approach and pedagogic attitude. Every plan of life has to integrate all morbidities in a same coordinated and evaluated care plan
Vandromme, Maxence. "Optimisation combinatoire et extraction de connaissances sur données hétérogènes et temporelles : application à l’identification de parcours patients." Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL10044.
Full textHospital data exhibit numerous specificities that make the traditional data mining tools hard to apply. In this thesis, we focus on the heterogeneity associated with hospital data and on their temporal aspect. This work is done within the frame of the ANR ClinMine research project and a CIFRE partnership with the Alicante company. In this thesis, we propose two new knowledge discovery methods suited for hospital data, each able to perform a variety of tasks: classification, prediction, discovering patients profiles, etc.In the first part, we introduce MOSC (Multi-Objective Sequence Classification), an algorithm for supervised classification on heterogeneous, numeric and temporal data. In addition to binary and symbolic terms, this method uses numeric terms and sequences of temporal events to form sets of classification rules. MOSC is the first classification algorithm able to handle these types of data simultaneously. In the second part, we introduce HBC (Heterogeneous BiClustering), a biclustering algorithm for heterogeneous data, a problem that has never been studied so far. This algorithm is extended to support temporal data of various types: temporal events and unevenly-sampled time series. HBC is used for a case study on a set of hospital data, whose goal is to identify groups of patients sharing a similar profile. The results make sense from a medical viewpoint; they indicate that relevant, and sometimes new knowledge is extracted from the data. These results also lead to further, more precise case studies. The integration of HBC within a software is also engaged, with the implementation of a parallel version and a visualization tool for biclustering results
Ferrera, Bibas Félicia. "La création collective de sens peut-elle favoriser la fabrique d'un dispositif d'action organisée ? : cas du parcours de la personne âgée." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM1098/document.
Full textWe are trying to understand and experiment with the creation of a collective action program that is coordinated around approved health care pathways. This program is called CareHolder, and is based in an area not far from a large city in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur region. It distinguishes itself for its governance, tools, activities, and for its key players marked by their diversity, without any predefined organizational links and without a higher authority requiring them to work together. By relying on the perspectives of sensemaking and sensegiving (Weick), we have stated the hypothesis that the collective sensemaking process is at the root of a social structure organized ex-nihilo. We shall analyze this process on two analytical levels: 1) the unfolding of the collective sensemaking process as the development of a social process based on giving sense to a collective healthcare program (Therapeutic Patient Education), and 2) the role of the sensegiver in its capacity to support the “CareHolder”. The Therapeutic Patient Education is here envisaged both as a therapeutic tool and as a managerial tool. We have analyzed the emergence and the implementation of the CareHolder over several years. Our main results have highlighted the three skills of the sensegiver during the collective sensemaking process: 1) bringing the players together, 2) promoting equivocality to encourage and clarify an outlook, and 3) being able to anchor what emerges from the relations by relying on ritualistic elements and enabling the players to ‘settle into’ this new collective working environment with the patient. We propose empirical recommendations and future research paths
Roux, Jonathan. "Parcours de soins des patients atteints de sclérose en plaques à partir des données médico-administratives en France." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1B042/document.
Full textMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease starting in young adulthood and affecting about 100,000 persons in France. During the last two decades, therapeutic practices have evolved with the release of new substances, especially oral disease-modifying therapies (DMTs). Care pathways in MS involve both medical (general practitioners, neurologists) and paramedical (physiotherapists and nurses) health care professionals. However, no recommendation on care pathways in MS exists so far in France. Moreover, few data are available on care-seeking of persons with MS (PwMS) and the utilization of DMTs in France. The use of state sequence analysis (SSA) on data issued from the French National Health Data System (SNDS, i.e. databases from the French Health Insurance System) offers the opportunity to study care pathways. The main objective of this PhD thesis was to study the care pathways of PwMS in France using data from SNDS, in order to describe care-seeking and to create a typology of pathways. The secondary objectives were to study MS DMTs utilization in France (frequency and therapeutic sequences), and the feasibility to measure the level of motor disability in SNDS. Over the 2010-2015 study period, 112,745 PwMS were identified. Amongst them, 47.4% had at least one delivery of a MS-specific DMT. A typology was obtained allowing the identification of five clinically distinct groups of patients. In parallel, a parameter quantifying the level of motor disability in SNDS, which could be replicated in other studies, was defined. Thanks to the different analyses and raised methodological questions, key-elements allowing the use of SSA in health field, especially multichannel sequence analysis, were highlighted
Jaffré, Marc-Olivier. "Connaissance et optimisation de la prise en charge des patients : la science des réseaux appliquée aux parcours de soins." Thesis, Compiègne, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018COMP2445/document.
Full textIn France, the streamlining of means assigned hospitals result in concentration of resources ana growing complexily of heallhcare facilities. Piloting and planning (them turn out to be all the more difficult, thus leading of optimjzation problems. The use of massive data produced by these systems in association with network science an alternative approach for analyzing and improving decision-making support jn healthcare. Method : Various preexisting optimisation are first highblighted based on observations in operating theaters chosen as experirnentai sites. An analysis of merger of two hospitlas also follows as an example of an optimization method by massification. These two steps make it possible to defend an alternative approach that combines the use of big data science of networks data visualization techniques. Two sets of patient data in orthopedic surgery in the ex-Midi-Pyrénées region in France are used to create a network of all sequences of care. The whole is displayed in a visual environment developed in JavaScript allowing a dynamic mining of the graph. Results: Visualizing healthcare sequences in the form of nodes and links graphs has been sel out. The graphs provide an additional perception of' the redundancies of he healthcare pathways. The dynamic character of the graphs also allows their direct rnining. The initial visual approach is supplernented by a series of objcctive measures from the science of networks. Conciusion: Healthcare facilities produce massive data valuable for their analysis and optimization. Data visualizalion together with a framework such as network science gives prelimiaary encouraging indicators uncovering redondant healthcare pathway patterns. Furthev experimentations with various and larger sets of data is required to validate and strengthen these observations and methods
Jacob, Olivier Legeard Estelle. "Analyse du parcours de soins des patients catégorisés en priorité 1 (graves) par l'IOA du Service d'Urgences du CHU deNantes." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2008. http://castore.univ-nantes.fr/castore/GetOAIRef?idDoc=48011.
Full textCaroupin, Soupoutevin Jessica. "Approche socio-anthropologique de la littératie en santé. Analyse des savoirs dans le parcours de femmes ayant un diabète gestationnel." Thesis, La Réunion, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LARE0027.
Full textIncluded in the Sciences of Education and Training, our doctoral research aims to understand and identify the strengths and difficulties in terms of access to information, understanding and decision-making in health. She questions the evolution of health literacy (HL) among women who benefit from educational programs during pregnancy associated with gestational diabetes (GD). The HL of these women is considered as an indicator that can change over time depending on: 1- the literacy events that punctuate the pregnancy, but also beyond; 2- the construction and mobilization of formal knowledge transmitted orally and / or in writing during therapeutic patient education sessions (TPE); 3- informal knowledge that women collect throughout their pregnancy, taking into account their “ordinary context”. From a methodological point of view, an articulation between quantitative and qualitative data allows the dialogue between speeches, LS “levels” and scores obtained by questionnaire. Built around 3 stages (T1, T2 and T3), our data collection mobilizes different collection tools: 1- T1 (n = 24 women met): at the time of the first TPE session - at the hospital; 2- T2 (n = 12): at least 15 days after T1 - in the hospital; 3- T3 (n = 10): at least 1 month after childbirth - at home. The analysis of these data documents the variations in maternity experiences of these women and their influences on the relationship to the disease, as well as the links between health and educational pathways. Our results show an evolution of HL during the time of pregnancy, in connection with events that involve formal, informal and experiential knowledge
Friedlander, Lisa. "Epidémiologie des maladies rares orofaciales en France : qualité de vie orale, accès aux soins bucco-dentaires et parcours de soins des patients." Thesis, Université de Paris (2019-....), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UNIP7185.
Full textRare diseases affecting the teeth, the oral cavity and the face are numerous, although each disease is rare. These clinical entities can range from a few missing teeth to severe craniofacial dysmorphisms very disabling functionally and aesthetically. They generate situations of functional and aesthetic oral disability affecting quality of life, social integration, school and work. Two studies were carried out in order to provide first epidemiological description of orofacial rare diseases in France with a descriptive study of CEMARA data recorded from January 2008 to December 2015. Then, a study, called ORAQL was conducted to analyze oral quality of life to try to give to public authorities’ ways to better care for patients. CEMARA data study focused on data from 2008 to 2015 based on the Orphanet nomenclature. Each "case" of a reported rare disease was defined by the "sick" status and the degree of certainty of the diagnosis, coded as: confirmed, probable or unclassifiable. The analyzed parameters, presented with their 95% confidence intervals using a Poisson model, were as follows: time and age of diagnosis, proportions of gross and standardized prevalence of DR disease, by age, gender and geographical site. The criteria studied were the proportions of patients in the Paris region and the "included cases geography" in which these proportions were projected on the other French regions, taking into account the local populations.ORAQL study is a national cohort study in French orofacial rare diseases centres. Inclusion criteria were: having been cared in centres in the last 5 years (2012-2017) and to be between 6 and 17 years old on September 1, 2017. Children were asked to complete a questionnaire with a quality of life component (the Child-OIDP index). At the end of the questionnaire, a free space was left for the patient to add a textual comment to provide qualitative data. Regarding the study of CEMARA data, in Paris region, estimated prevalence of these diseases was 5.58 per 10,000 inhabitants (95% CI 4.3-7.1). As of December 31, 2015, 11,342 patients were referenced in total in France, including 7294 in the Paris region. More than 580 individual clinical entities (ORPHA code) have been identified with their respective frequencies. Most abnormalities have been diagnosed before birth. Nearly 80% of registered patients go to Paris hospitals to obtain either a diagnosis, care or follow-up. We observed that the rarer the disease is, the more patients were referred to Parisian hospitals. For ORAQL study, complete data was available for 110 patients. The sample included 44.5% boys and 55.5% girls. The ages were 6 to 17 years old and 68.2% were between 6 and 12 years old and 31.8% between 13 and 17 years old. Factors associated with lower quality were: being a girl (p = 0.03), giving up dental care for financial reasons (p = 0.01), having syndromic illness (p = 0.01), having a problem of tooth shape and color (p = 0.03), feeling isolated, alone and different from other children (p = 0.003 and p = 0.02). The qualitative analysis revealed a very weak psychological management of children and their patients who reported a great anxiety and a great fear of future. A health network covering a range of aspects of the issue of rare diseases, from diagnosis to research, has been developed in France. Despite this, there is still a significant imbalance between supply and demand for health care in this area. The quality of life of children with these diseases is impaired, especially from a psychosocial point of view, but also their care course and access to oral care. ORAQL study shows that it is highly necessary to improve legibility of care pathways and t financial coverage of treatments
Ndeikoundam, Ngangro Ndeindo. "Les déterminants du recours aux soins des patients tuberculeux en milieu urbain au Tchad." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00833401.
Full textBayen, Sabine. "Stratégies d'optimisation de la communication centrée sur la personne entre acteurs du parcours de santé et personnes ayant une maladie chronique et leurs proches aidants : l'exemple de la maladie de Parkinson." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022ULILS028.
Full textBackground. People with Parkinson's disease (PcP) and their carers change during their life course. These changes involve many professional care providers (PCPs). Optimal communication between PcP and PPAs and between different PPAs is essential to meet the new needs of PcP and their carers. The exploration of the daily experience of the disease, through person-centred communication, helps to identify these needs.Methods. Three new communication tools were developed to allow a multidimensional exploration and evaluation of the lived experience of PCPs: PARKINSUN (PCP-reported experience), Bela-A-P-k questionnaires (cross-exploration of the perspective of PCPs and caregivers), and the PROXIPARK project (prospective participatory action research with PCPs, caregivers, and APPs).Results. These tools were tested in vivo and analysed. They are based on an introspective and reflexive approach that allows PCPs, carers and PPAs to analyse and evaluate their daily experience of the disease. The tools invite to open the dialogue between PcP, PPA and caregivers and increase their mutual understanding by increasing their common repertoire of the daily experience with Parkinson's disease.Conclusions. The multidimensional assessment using these tools takes place regularly during the global, temporo-spatial, interdisciplinary and interprofessional follow-up. It allows for the adaptation of support strategies
Maunoury, Franck. "Évaluation médico-économique de la réforme de l'Assurance maladie du 13 août 2004 : application au parcours de soins coordonnés de patients chroniques traités par corticostéroïdes inhalés." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00679327.
Full textMaunoury, Franck. "Évaluation médico-économique de la réforme de l’Assurance maladie du 13 août 2004 : application au parcours de soins coordonnés de patients chroniques traités par corticostéroïdes inhalés." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO10193/document.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to conceptualize, starting from the exploitation of the refunding data of cares from the Sickness insurance, the various trajectories of cares recourses introduced by chronic diseases as asthma, and to study their determinants by analysing the profile and the subsequent behavior of the general practitioner. The study of the relation between the prescriptive behavior and the trajectory of cares is carried out by different multivariate analyses. The other objective is to evaluate, from a pharmacoeconomic point of view, the impact of the general practitioner characteristics on the various trajectories of cares followed by the patients with chronic diseases. The characteristics likely to identify a typology of practitioners correspond to the variables influencing the prescriptive behavior (age, sex, duration of exercise, type of exercise, etc). The principal question of the thesis is that of the regulating effect of the economic incentive, rested on the coordinated care pathway (reform of the Sickness insurance, August 2004), on the trajectories of cares, really observed by the chronic patients. The corollaries are: Does the no-reimbursement of some medical acts, not considered in the coordinated care pathway, have a significant impact on the empirical recourse of the patient? Does the profile of the general practitioner have an effect on the respect or not of the allowed trajectory of cares classified by the French reform? Which are the principal determinants of disregarding this referential trajectory, by notably analysing the “practitioner - patient” characteristics?
Chausset, Aurélie. "Accès aux centres de rhumatologie pédiatrique pour les patients atteints d’arthrite juvénile idiopathique : parcours diagnostique et évaluation des facteurs prédictifs d’un retard de prise en charge." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon 1, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024LYO10267.
Full textJuvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) is the most common chronic pediatric rheumatologic disease. The importance of early management and timely referral to a pediatric rheumatology (PR) center has been widely demonstrated to reduce the risk of joint and/or eye damage and improve children's quality of life. Globally, the median time to access (TA) a PR center ranges from 3 to 10 months, but there is significant variability, with extreme delays of several years for some patients. Previous research has focused on identifying factors associated with delayed access to PR centers, mainly clinical and biological characteristics. However, these factors alone cannot fully explain the observed disparities in pathways and delays. It seemed important to us to study all the parameters that might complicate these journeys. A first study was conducted among patients followed in France and Switzerland, based on an international cohort, the JIR-cohort. This study aimed to identify individual and environmental determinants impacting TA. Among the 250 children in the cohort diagnosed with JIA, the median TA was relatively short compared to the literature (2.4 months). However, disparities existed: children with enthesitis-related arthritis or those who had consulted an orthopedic surgeon experienced longer delays. Distance from the PR center and place of residence (urban or rural) did not influence TA. Although the study did not find a direct link between socioeconomic status and TA, there was a trend suggesting that maternal education level could play a role in faster referral to the PR center (favoring a faster consultation with a primary care physician). The second study, also based on the JIR-cohort, examined the differences in care between France and Switzerland and their potential link to TA. Patients had similar median TA in both France and Switzerland, although Switzerland had a less complex pathway with fewer medical intermediaries before reaching the PR center. In France, children often saw a general practitioner as the first point of care (60%), while in Switzerland, it was a pediatrician in 82% of cases, which facilitated more direct access to the PR center. Finally, we wanted to explore the experiences of families and children before the diagnosis was established. The results showed that parents played a key role in the diagnostic journey and had to rely on their social network to access PR centers more easily. The initial symptoms, often trivialized, could delay access to the PR center. Families generally encountered primary care physicians who were not well-trained in JIA, which led to tension and a sense of misunderstanding. Receiving the diagnosis was a relief, but delays in care had psychosocial consequences, particularly for adolescents. The final part of the thesis is a discussion of the results and a reflection on concrete proposals for action. Strengthening the training of primary care physicians is a traditional approach but difficult to implement for all chronic diseases. Improving access to specialists also depends on national-level decisions, which should be considered in the context of the entire healthcare pathway for children. The emphasis is also placed on the need for better collaboration among healthcare providers and, most importantly, on integrating the experiences and perspectives of children and their parents into medical training programs and developing appropriate resources to facilitate diagnosis and access to information
Quibel, Clémence. "Les proches aidants de personnes âgées résidant en EHPAD : influence du parcours de l’aidant sur son vécu et son implication." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UBFCH001.
Full textIt is estimated there are between 8 and 11 million informal caregivers in France today. Of these, 3.9 million provide regular assistance to a 60-aged people or over living at home, and 720,000 living in an institution.If the family carers support at home begins to be recognized, its continuation after the entry into nursing home of the helped loved one is much less so. However, studies on family carers in nursing homes show that some of them maintain their involvement, with levels of stress, anxiety and depression similar to those experienced when the loved one lived at home. Some tasks carried out at home disappear with the entry into nursing home, but some are kept and new ones appear.We wondered about the influence of the family carers course on his experience and his involvement once his loved one entered into nursing home.Through semi-structured interviews conducted in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, we analyzed the course of 28 caregivers of elderly people living in nursing home.The awareness of having reached its limits in home support, support provided by a professional to take the decision to enter into nursing home, involvement in the life of the establishment, noting negligences or, on the contrary, noting that the staff is attentive to the “little things that count” are elements linked to a positive or negative experience with the establishment and/or with the loved one.Concretely, these keys can represent as many brakes to lift or levers to activate for a better quality of life for caregivers in nursing homes
Parron, Audrey. "Le passage à l'âge adulte des jeunes souffrant de troubles psychiques : enjeux d'autonomisation dans la prise en charge du handicap psychique entre dépendance et engagement des jeunes usagers/patients." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00681834.
Full textCherkaoui, Zineb. "Optimisation des parcours de soins des patients complexes en vue d’une prise en charge pour pathologies hépato-bilio-pancréatiques : mise en place du « Diagnostic en un jour », mode d’évaluation et résultats." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023STRAJ123.
Full textNowadays, taking good care of the right patient at the right time in the right place according to the latest guidelines established by professional societies is the main concern of each health care provider, aiming to improve populations’ state of health. From the example of the innovative and accelerated care pathway “Oneday diagnosis” for hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases taking place in Strasbourg university hospital and the comparative study to ordinary pathway with respectively 330 vs 152 patients, we demonstrated its efficiency and sustainability. We confirmed the possible replication elsewhere and for other pathologies. Furthermore, the application of the VBHC concept through standardized questionnaires for liver and pancreatic cancers would allow to collect outcomes that matter to patients PROMs and clinical outcomes CROMs with the objective of reaching relevant and excellent care
Guelfucci, Florent. "Utilisation des grandes bases de données longitudinales non cliniques dans la déscription des trajectoires pharmaco-thérapeutiques de patients atteints d’une maladie clinique." Paris, EPHE, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EPHE3002.
Full textLarge longitudinal and non-clinical medical databases allows researchers to describe the patient healthcare management and healthcare provider practices in real life setting over a long period of time taking into account interactions of various factors relating the patient health status and the health care system characteristics. Due to the quantity of information available and the data collection methods used, the large longitudinal databases are a source of information as important as difficult to handle. Their increasing uses pose a series of methodological challenges, especially when it comes to identifying and observing treatment pathways in patients with a chronic disease, as many incidental events may hide the key trends. The task is complex and there is still no consensus and a lack of transparency about the methods to use. The objective of this thesis is multiple: appraise the limits and advantages of using longitudinal databases in the description of pharmaco-therapeutic pathways of patients in healthcare systems and propose potential appropriate methodologies. Two types of longitudinal databases are considered as part of the thesis: (1) administrative claim databases insurance, (2) Primary and/or secondary care databases including data collected during visits or hospitalisations. A first part describes the different types of therapeutic management for patients with a chronic disease and presents the large longitudinal and non-clinical medical databases, their utility and function. Various comparative studies on chronic diseases are presented in the second part. It enables to understand the strengths and limitations of these databases to describe the treatment pathways. Each analysis has led to the use of a global approach and to the development of different methodologies and algorithms of definition of the treatment pathways. Those methods are criticised and compared. Based on this researches, the last part (1) enumerate the problems and pitfalls to avoid while using large longitudinal and non-clinical medical databases to characterise treatment pathways of patients with chronic disease (2) demonstrate the benefits of a simple and transparent global approach, reflecting the reality globally, not individually, to describe the different pharmaco-therapeutic strategies. These works lead to the conclusion that real-word efficacy assessments using large longitudinal databases can play an important role in drug development process in chronic disease, but this will only be possible through gradual progress and greater transparency in data handling. A methodology adaptable to the objective, the variable of interest, the disease characteristics and the treatment specificities can provide investigators a clear representation of the different possible treatment pathways, provided that this tool is simple and transparent
Gaddari, Abdelhamid. "Analysis and Prediction of Patient Pathways in the Context of Supplemental Health Insurance." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon 1, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024LYO10299.
Full textThis thesis work falls into the category of healthcare informatics research, specifically the analysis and prediction of patients’ care pathways, which are the sequences of medical services consumed by patients over time. Our aim is to propose an innovative approach for the exploitation of patient care trajectory data in order to achieve not only binary, but also multi-label classification. We also design a new sentence embedding framework exclusively for the french medical domain, which will harness another view of the patients’ care pathways in order to enhance the predictive performance of our proposed approach. Our research is part of the work of CEGEDIM ASSURANCES, a business unit of the CEGEDIM Group that provides software and services for the french supplementary healthcare insurance and risk management sectors. By analyzing the patient care pathway and leveraging our proposed approach, we can extract valuable insights and identify patterns within the patients’ medical journeys in order to predict potential medical events or upcoming medical consumption. This will allow insurers to forecast future healthcare claims and therefore negotiate better rates with healthcare providers, allowing for accurate financial planning, fair pricing models and cost reductions. Furthermore, it enables private healthcare insurers to design personalized health plans that meet the specific needs of the patients, ensuring they receive the right care at the right time to prevent disease progression. Ultimately, offering preventive care programs and customized health products and services enhances client relationship, improving their satisfaction and reducing churn. In this work, we aim to develop an approach to analyze patient care pathways and predict medical events or upcoming treatments, based on a large portfolio of reimbursed medical records. To achieve this goal, we first propose a new time-aware long-short term memory based framework that can achieve both binary and multi-label classification. The proposed framework is then extended with another aspect of the patient healthcare trajectories, namely additional information from a fuzzy clustering of the same portfolio. We show that our proposed approach outperforms traditional and deep learning methods in medical binary and multi-label prediction. Subsequently, we enhance the predictive performance of our proposed approach by exploiting a supplementary view of the patient care pathways that consists of a detailed textual description of the consumed medical treatments. This is achieved through the design of F-BERTMed, a new sentence embedding framework for the french medical domain that presents significant advantages over the natural language processing (NLP) state-of-the-art methods. F-BERTMed is based on FlauBERT, whose pre-training using MLM (Masked Language Modeling) was extended on french medical texts before being fine-tuned on NLI (Natural Language Inference) and STS (Semantic Textual Similarity) tasks. We finally show that using F-BERTMed to generate a new representation of the patient care pathways enhances the performance of our proposed medical predictive framework on both binary and multi-label classification tasks
Béchade, Clémence. "Etude du parcours de soins du patient insuffisant rénal chronique : voies d'optimisation des phases de transition." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMC403/document.
Full textTransitions between treatment strategies in chronic kidney disease are often not prepared and can lead to morbidity and mortality. It is necessary to anticipate these transitions to improve patients outcomes and health care organisation. We aimed at studying three pathways observed in the career of chronic kidney disease patients.We have shown that patients treated by hemodialysis before peritoneal dialysis start and failed transplant patients had a higher risk of early peritoneal dialysis failure. Early peritonitis was also associated with a higher risk of early technical failure. It is therefore important to evaluate the necessity to create an arterio-venous fistula in peritoneal dialysis patients during the first months on dialysis, to avoid transfer in hemodialysis on a central venous catheter.We reported that the rate of arterio-venous fistula infections in satellite dialysis units was low. However, it seems necessary to distinguish the risk for having a first infection and the risk for having a relapse of infection. This consideration can help decreasing the number of fallback between stallite units and hospital dialysis centers.Finally, we studied transition between end-stage renal disease and dialysis in cancer patients. We showed that incidence of chronic dialysis initiation in that population was not higher then the one observed in the general population. Survival in dialysis was not different in cancer patients compared to matched patients without malignancy. We can hypothesise that only cancer patients in good condition are proposed for dialysis programs.It is necessary to consider the chronic kidney disease patients' care as an integrated care program, with transitions between treatment strategies that can be improved and anticipated
Lamé, Guillaume. "Intégration entre services hospitaliers : management des opérations en cancérologie." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLC027.
Full textThis dissertation addresses the challenge of coordinating hospital services. We take an integrated view on care delivery and the various units involved in a care process, with a case study in outpatient chemotherapy process at Henri Mondor hospital, Créteil, France. We tackle three research questions :1. How should a change program in a multi-department setting be designed and managed?2. How can one improve outpatient chemotherapy delivery?3. Why do strategic plans look so disconcerting and disappointing in public academic medical centers, compared to otherindustrial organizations, when similar methods are applied?Our main research method is action-research. During reorganization projects, we adapt and combine methods from operational research and industrial engineering in order to integrate hospitals’ specificities. We propose and evaluate reorganisation methods focused on interdepartmental coordination, and we contribute to a better knowledge of the specific environment of hospitals, which is quite different from the contexts in which industrial engineering traditionally developed
Cohen, Sarah. "Apport et utilisation des bases de données médico-administratives dans l’étude des problématiques émergentes chez les patients adultes atteints de cardiopathie congénitale Administrative health databases for addressing emerging issues in adults with CHD: a systematic review Accuracy of claim data in the identification and classification of adults with congenital heart diseases in electronic medical records Exposure to low-dose ionizing radiation from cardiac procedures and malignancy risk in adults with congenital heart disease." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCB228.
Full textCongenital heart diseases (CHD) are the most common types of birth defects and affect approximately 1% of births. Ninety percent of children born with CHD reach now adulthood thanks to improvements of pediatric cardiology and cardiac surgery. These "survivors" are not definitively cured. They are prone to cardiac or extra cardiac complications and specific issues that justify an increase in consumption of healthcare. The need for population-based studies worldwide has led to secondary analyses of administrative medical databases (AMD). The objective of this thesis was to study the conditions of use of the AMD and their possible applications, specifically to understand the emerging issues of this new adult population with CHD (ACHD). The first part of this work was to systematically describe all the studies that had used AMD to specifically explore the issues of ACHD patients. This review showed the value of these databases in the field of ACHD: the large numbers of patients allows studying relatively rare diseases and the availability of comprehensive data over long periods of follow-up enables to study cardiac and extra cardiac complications even when the occurrence is delayed. In France, claim databases use the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision (ICD-10), the reliability of which is still largely unknown in this context. The second part of this work was therefore to study the performances of ICD-10 to identify and classify ACHD patients in the data warehouse of the Georges Pompidou European Hospital which has a dedicated specialized ACHD Unit. The third part of this thesis reported a concrete example of the use of AMD. Based on the Quebec Congenital Heart Disease Database derived from Quebec’s AMD, our goal was to evaluate the association between exposure to ionizing radiation from cardiac procedures and the risk of cancer in ACHD. Indeed, the improvement in the life expectancy of patients with CHD and the increasing use of cardiac imaging modalities using ionizing radiations may have a carcinogenic effect in the long term. Although not designed for research purposes, this thesis showed that AMD are a particularly relevant tool for generating new knowledge about ACHD patients through the comprehensiveness of information, the possibility of extracting large samples of patients with a longitudinal follow-up over long periods of observation. The exploitation of electronic medical records through text mining methods could then be used to develop and validate algorithms to identify CHD patients in AMD. In France, although efforts have been made to create an effective multi-center collaborative program, there is currently no significant epidemiological data for all ACHDs. Secondary analysis of existing resources, such as the National Health Data System, would establish the national ACHD cohort and analyze their care pathway in order to guide healthcare resources allocation
Gérard, Olivier. "LORH : outil pour la planification du parcours patient dans le milieu hospitalier." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Amiens, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022AMIE0060.
Full textIn this thesis, we studied a problem of patient care planning, proposed by the Evolucare Technologies company. The company aims to provide a software capable of producing schedules that respect the various constraints and meet the needs of patients and care teams. The LORH project is Evolucare's answer to this issue. We studied the problem and proposed several resolution methods. This NP-hard problem is close to the Resource Constraint Project Scheduling Problem (RCPSP), a well-known problem in the literature. We first formally described the problem and developed the objective function. Our first approach is a 0-1 linear programming model incorporating all variables and constraints of our problem. The initial solutions required for other resolution methods were obtained with a randomized construction algorithm named LORH_RCA. Our second approach LORH_ALNS is a local search based on Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search (ALNS) using a set of moves specifically designed for this problem. We then proposed a genetic algorithm LORH_GA with crossover and mutation operators designed for our problem. The last method named LORH_GADM is also a genetic algorithm with solution diversity management in order to reduce the early convergence to local optimums. We evaluated these approaches on a set of instances generated from problems reported by Evolucare. The linear programming model implemented under CPLEX allowed us to obtain optimal solutions on some instances. We then obtained with LORH_ALNS additional optimal solutions and better upper bounds for all our instance families. These results were successively improved by LORH_GA and LORH_GADM with a gain of 16.42% between LORH_ALNS and LORH_GADM. We also evaluated LORH_ALNS, LORH_GA and LORH_GADM on the RCPSP literature instances and obtained an average difference of 5.4% with the optimal solutions with LORH_GA and LORH_GADM
Guichard, Anne. "Préscription et usages du Subutex® dans les parcours des toxicomanes en France." Paris 5, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA05S009.
Full textThis thesis focus on the drug users self-evaluation of opiate substitution treatment by Subutex® with two main objectives : a) to describe how users adapt to Subutex® and to analyse how they used this substitute, and b) to explore users' perceptions of the treatment program and follow up. A multi-site qualitative study was conducted on 28 users with contrasting socio-demographic characteristics and who received Subutex® treatment. The results showed the ways of self appropriating Subutex® are diverse but they do not differ from former drug use patterns. The heterogeneousness of drug users' lifestyles and their instability during the course of the treatment reveal the limits of a treatment method centred on a medical and pharmaceutical approach. Poor social circumstances combined with the treatment programme lead to a wide range of outcomes, on one hand, by encouraging the autonomy of thsoe with astronger social network and on the other hand, by amplifying the downward spiral of those with fewer social resources
Lamé, Guillaume. "Intégration entre services hospitaliers : management des opérations en cancérologie." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLC027/document.
Full textThis dissertation addresses the challenge of coordinating hospital services. We take an integrated view on care delivery and the various units involved in a care process, with a case study in outpatient chemotherapy process at Henri Mondor hospital, Créteil, France. We tackle three research questions :1. How should a change program in a multi-department setting be designed and managed?2. How can one improve outpatient chemotherapy delivery?3. Why do strategic plans look so disconcerting and disappointing in public academic medical centers, compared to otherindustrial organizations, when similar methods are applied?Our main research method is action-research. During reorganization projects, we adapt and combine methods from operational research and industrial engineering in order to integrate hospitals’ specificities. We propose and evaluate reorganisation methods focused on interdepartmental coordination, and we contribute to a better knowledge of the specific environment of hospitals, which is quite different from the contexts in which industrial engineering traditionally developed
Hubert, Tamara. "Devenir de patientes hospitalisées pour anorexie mentale à l'adolescence : analyse biographique des parcours de vie." Thesis, Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100098.
Full textThe social consequances of psychic troubles are unfamiliar and some few studies have been made in France. Nevertheless, it is prouved that these troubles may have an important impact, as in personal life (in a deacreasing quality of life) as on the economics of a country. The principale aim of our study was to assess the global outcome ( physical, psychological and social) of a cohort of anorexia nervosa inpatients since 1996 to 2002. The secondary aim was focused on the study of interrelationships between this outcome and the care utilization fitted into some life biographies. On the one hand, the biographic approach has highlighted three factors mostly influencing on the underused care utilization while the psychic and/ or somatic statement are required : the age of the patient at the first hospitalisation, the distance between the home and the hospital and the difficult relationships with the father. On the second hand, we have focused our attention on the relations between the feeling of psychological trouble chronicity and the quality of life impairment -especially on mental health. The damage on the mental health (quality of life) is increasing the feeling of chronicity and is reducing the sense of recovery. Indeed, it is very important to consider the factors involved in the building of therapeuratic trajectories in order to develop policies against psychological troubles disabilities-the building of these therapeutic trajectories having an impact on the quality of life and on the chances of recovery at adulthood
De, oliveira Hugo. "Modélisation prédictive des parcours de soins à l'aide de techniques de process mining et de deep learning." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEM021.
Full textInitially created for a reimbursement purpose, non-clinical claim databases are exhaustive Electronic Health Records (EHRs) which are particularly valuable for evidence-based studies. The objective of this work is to develop predictive methods for patient pathways data, which leverage the complexity of non-clinical claims data and produce explainable results. Our first contribution focuses on the modeling of event logs extracted from such databases. New process models and an adapted process discovery algorithm are introduced, with the objective of accurately model characteristic transitions and time hidden in non-clinical claims data. The second contribution is a preprocessing solution to handle one complexity of such data, which is the representation of medical events by multiple codes belonging to different standard coding systems, organized in hierarchical structures. The proposed method uses auto-encoders and clustering in an adequate latent space to automatically produce relevant and explainable labels. From these contributions, an optimization-based predictive method is introduced, which uses a process model to perform binary classification from event logs and highlight distinctive patterns as a global explanation. A second predictive method is also proposed, which uses images to represent patient pathways and a modified Variational Auto-Encoders (VAE) to predict. This method globally explains predictions by showing an image of identified predictive factors which can be both frequent and infrequent
Hamana, Sabri. "Modélisation et simulation des flux d'informations Ville-Hôpital et évaluation de leur impact sur le parcours de soins." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02873368.
Full textThe French health policy which aim to improve health system by the modernization of health information systems has created a latent need, that of measurement of the impact of information systems on the value creation within healthcare institutions, hence the need of tools and methods for carrying out this evaluation work.The aim of this thesis is to propose a framework for the modelling, analysis and cost evaluation of territorial health-care information systems. For this purpose, we propose a new class of timed Petri nets, called THIS nets (Territorial Health-care Information Systems), which formally describes patient care-pathways, relevant information flows and their interactions. THIS nets are then used for verification of the health information systems and evaluation of their performances such as cycle time distribution and probability of information availability at some target time. A real example of cancer patient health-care information system is used to illustrate the usefulness of the proposed approach. We show that advanced information system allows earlier start of the medical consultations and thus a more efficient care pathway. A case study is proposed through a cost-effectiveness analysis on Electronic Health Record (EHR) implementation versus the patient's paper file in the context of cancer visits. Results show that the adoption of the developed HIS strictly dominated (i.e., was both less costly and more effective) the use of a low HIS with the patient's paper file. Such positive impact was demonstrated on the long term through a service quality analysis using the provided THIS net
Sabourin, Andrée-Anne. "Contexte démographique du Département de psychiatrie de l’Hôpital Montfort (1976-2006) et parcours clinico-social d’un patient schizophrène (1983-2007)." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39703.
Full textPerry, Geneviève. "Exploration des espaces d'intervention des infirmières du CLSC en contexte de pauvreté - vulnérabilité - HLM : Comprendre l'impact de la parole et du regard sur les parcours de vie des personnes vulnérables." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26707/26707.pdf.
Full textAl, Hachem Catherine. "Les nouveaux challenges RH dans le développement organisationnel de la e-santé : Analyse de l’alignement stratégique du parcours patient par la pratique de l’apprenance dans deux établissements de santé." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSE3053.
Full textThe restructuring of complex organizations, such as those of health facilities, is strongly influenced by recent economic, technological and regulatory changes. To understand the impact of these restructuring movements, one must analyze the changes affecting the various hierarchical levels of the healthcare organization. Under the French socio-economic context, healthcare institutions are currently undergoing multiple strategic and operational transformations, which requires professionals to adapt their skills and capabilities accordingly. In fact, the impact of medical, technical and digital innovations is driving the concerned structures to emphasize value in their adaptations. For a successful implementation, it is necessary that concerned parties intervene. These latters are then encouraged to focus on updating the organization's strategy, improving human resources development and adjusting necessary patterns and processes. Therefore, this research relies on analyzing organizational performance from a strategic alignment perspective. We aim to examine the managerial expectations of a study sample of managers, professionals, and staff in a French hospital which are undergoing full reconstruction. The results of this qualitative study show the difficulty of managers to implement a successful patient pathway process. It also shows that technological transformations can be used to ensure a very high organizational performance allowing people to take advantage of various intelligent services
Hequet, Delphine. "Evaluation globale de la prise en charge des patientes présentant un cancer du sein opérable d’emblée : analyse médico-économique des parcours de soins, audit de qualité des soins, évaluation de la satisfaction des patientes et impact des nouvelles technologies dans les décisions thérapeutiques." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS010.
Full textBreast cancer is a frequent but heterogeneous disease. Therefore, there are multiple clinical pathways, of which the optimization is one of the objectives of the 3rd Plan Cancer. Three dimensions of the clinical pathways were analyzed through 2 multicenter prospective studies: quality, cost and psychosocial impact. Efficiency levers have been identified: to promote screening for breast cancer, to mimic the organization of comprehensive cancer centers, to better target patients benefiting from adjuvant chemotherapy by accessing tools innovations such as genomic tests. In a 3rd prospective study, the adjuvant chemotherapy decision was modified in 18% of the cases. Genomics enters routine in oncology. Clinicians must understand this discipline. The last part of this thesis reports the work carried out in genomics in breast cancer, at the stage of research on a gene coding for a protein with methyltransferase activity, PRDM15, promising in triple-negative breast cancers expressing androgen receptors
Nuemi, Tchathouang Gilles Eric. "Identification des profils de changement sur données longitudinales, illustrée par deux exemples : étude des trajectoires hopsitalières de prise en charge d'un cancer. Construction des profils évolutifs de qualité de vie lors d'un essai thérapeutique pour un cancer avancé." Thesis, Dijon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DIJOMU02/document.
Full textContext In healthcare domain, data mining for knowledge discovery represent a growing issue. Questions about the organisation of healthcare system and the study of the relation between treatment and quality of life (QoL) perceived could be addressed that way. The evolution of technologies provides us with efficient data mining tools and statistical packages containing advanced methods available for non-experts. We illustrate this approach through two issues: 1 / What organisation of healthcare system for cancer diseases management? 2 / Exploring in patients suffering from metastatic cancer, the relationship between health-related QoL perceived and treatment received as part of a clinical trial. Materials and methods Today we have large databases. Some are dedicated to gather together all hospital stays, as is the case for the national medico-administrative DRG-type database. Others are used to store information about QoL perceived by patients, routinely collected in clinical trials. The analysis of these data was carried out following three main steps: In the first step, data are prepared to be useable according to a defined concept of data analysis. For example, a classical database (patient-centered) was converted to a new database organised around a new defined entity which was different from the patient (eg. Care trajectory). Then in the second step, we applied data mining methods for knowledge discovery: we used the formal analysis of concepts method and unsupervised clustering techniques. And finally the results were presented in a graphical form. Results Concerning the question of the organisation of healthcare system, we constructed a typology of hospital care trajectories. We were able then to describe current practice in the management of cancers from the first cancer related surgical operation until one year of follow-up. In the case of breast cancer, we’ve described a typology of care on the basis of hospital costs over a one year follow up. Concerning the second question, we have also constructed a typology of QoL change patterns. This comprised three groups: Improvement, stability and degradation group.Conclusion The main interest of this work was to highlight new thoughts, which advances understanding and, contributing in appropriate solutions building
Namaki, Araghi Sina. "A methodology for business process discovery and diagnosis based on indoor location data : Application to patient pathways improvement." Thesis, Ecole nationale des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EMAC0014.
Full textBusiness processes are everywhere and, as such, we must acknowledge them. Among all of them, hospital processes are of vital importance. Healthcare organizations invest huge amount of efforts into keeping these processes under control, as the allowed margin of error is so slight. This research work seeks to develop a methodology to endorse improvement of patient pathways inside healthcare organizations. It does so by using the indoor location data of patients. This methodology is called DIAG (Data state, Information state, Awareness, Governance). It is constructed of several different functions. The most important ones are as follows: (i) location data interpreting, (ii) automatic discovery of business process models, (iii) business process analyzing for evaluating the performance and quality of processes, and finally, (iv) automatic diagnosing of business processes. Along the former functions, the contribution of this thesis are: The DIAG methodology which, through four different states, extracts knowledge from location data; the DIAG meta-model which supports both the interpretation of location data (from raw data to usable information) and the alignment of the domain knowledge (which are used for the diagnosing methods); two process discovery algorithms which explore statistical stability in event logs, application of Statistical Process Control (SPC) for the “enhancement notation” of Process Mining; the ProDIST algorithm for measuring the distance between process models; two automatic process diagnosing methods to detect causes of structural deviations in individual cases and common processes. The state of the art in this dissertation endorses the necessity for proposing such solutions. A case study within this research work illustrates the applicability of the DIAG methodology and its mentioned functions and methods
Benaim, Anne. "Vieillesse et fragilité : le parcours et le devenir des personnes âgées de 75 ans ou plus hospitalisées pour fracture du col du fémur à Strasbourg." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAG020/document.
Full textIn a context of depressed health-conditions for elderly people, the levels of dependency are rising. It induces deep consequences for the entire health care organisation. For instance, the fractures of the femoral neck (FFN) represent a healthcare challenge regarding their strong impact on patients’ quality of life and on their morbity-mortality. We conducted a qualitative and quantitative study (Jan. 2012- Jan. 2013) within the main department of orthopedic surgery in Alsace in order to track the healthcare paths of 107 patients of 75 years-old or more. Our main conclusion is that patients are poorly involved in the decisions for their care. This is all the more harmful because the FFN is in fact dual. It is both a physical (higher assistance needed) and a symbolic (earlier dependency) breakage. Our interactionist study identifies areas for pragmatic actions in health-care, public policies and ethic that could contribute to absorb / reduce the pernicious effects of this pathology
Clairet, Anne-Laure. "Gestion des risques médicamenteux dans des contextes spécifiques : typologie et épidémiologie." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UBFCE020.
Full textThe medical management of a patient is a multidisciplinary process consisting of several stages: prescription, dispensation, administration. Securing the medical management of a patient is essential to control the iatrogenic risk. In France, for all causes, nearly 6.2 serious adverse events occur per 1000 days of hospitalization (9.2 in surgery and 4.7 in medicine), or about one serious adverse event every five days in a hospital ward with 30 beds. Medication errors would be estimated at nearly 60,000 to 130,000 per year, nearly half of which would be preventable.Clinical pharmacy is a health discipline focused on the patient whose exercise aims to optimize the therapeutic management at each stage of the care pathway. For this, clinical pharmacy acts contribute to the security, relevance and efficiency of the use of health products.The objectives of this thesis are to describe the pharmacist's role in the prevention and management of medication errors through the example of two unique care pathways and the management of a patient in a particular care context:- the care pathway of the patient initiating oral anticancer treatment;- the path of care of the elderly subject:o the role of the hospital pharmacist in the care and continuity of the elderly patient's care during acute hospitalization in a geriatric ward;o the training of community pharmacists in the preparation of outpatient medication reports and feedback on their implementation;- the hospitalization of a patient in intensive care unit.This work allows the synthesis of 3 examples related to the complexity of the care of the patients within the care pathways or in particular care contexts:- Acute management of a patient with chronic illness in a medical resuscitation department;- Chronic management of a medical oncology patient during the initiation of oral anticancer treatment;- The hospital and outpatient care of a polyp old patient.Drug risks differ according the type of treatment. Thus, the main risk identified during a first prescription of an oral anticancer drug is the self-medication of the patient. In intensive care, the pharmacist must be expert in order to be able to answer certain problems not seen in other conventional wards. New missions are entrusted to community pharmacists, especially in the care of the elderly.Faced with these new missions of the pharmacist and in view of the expertise required of a pharmacist in specialized care services (oncology, Intensive care unit for example), it is necessary to evolve some university education
Bouton, Xavier. "Personne diminuée et personne à part entière : de la mise en oeuvre d'un agir distribué avec le patient atteint de déficience motrice dans un service de Médecine Physique et Réadaptation." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2140.
Full textThe doctoral thesis focuses on the assistance of functional impaired patients passing throug a personal self experience following a severe physical injury. It is based on an ethnographic inquiry, combining observations and interviews that have been conducted in two hospital services of Saint-Etienne’s UH. The first service is the functional rehabilitation recovery service and, for the major part, the other is the physical medecine and rehabilitation service. In presenting the « recapacitation » work of a person experimenting a new « non autonomous » body, the thesis explores relations between the medical professionals and patients, during the care and functional rehabilitation activities, but also the way in which relatives are included, in order to impact the perception of the handicap situation and to build collectively an acceptable life project after the hospital stay. This perspective reveals how to confront strong constraints of personal self experience by sharing words, this last become as a ressource to bring into the interactions and thus to engage the patient in an intrasubjective reappropriation of his body and an intersubjective continuity of his being. An important place is given to the hospitalization of quadriplegic patients, which is an extreme case and apart in the patient’s care in the physical medecine and rehabilitation service. The thesis presents a chronicle of a lived experience of these particular patients and thus shows the specificity of the process taken place in order to structure the experience of non autonomous body and to the one who has become dependent, and included in a collective composed of human actors medical professionals, relatives but also technical objects in which his act is distribued. The narrative takes into consideration the time and the moments experienced by these patients in this collective, during the care which can be counted by months and sometimes by years, by describing the ordinary activities in the rooms, those of the technical installations, those of professional’s meetings, finally and exceptionally a meeting’s structure where a group of former patients come with their spouses and a quadriplegic patient accompanied by his partner, to finalize the project of his return to an ordinary social environment
Gourdin-Petit, Le Manac'h Audrey. "Interaction entre les parcours de soins et les parcours professionnels des lombalgiques. : Rôle de la coordination des acteurs de soins et de la prévention. Low back pain, intervertebral disc and occupational diseases Recommandations de bonnes pratiques pour la surveillance me´dico-professionnelle du risque lombaire pour les travailleurs expose´s a` des manipulations de charges Pre‑employment examination for low back risk in workers exposed to manual handling of loads: French guidelines French good practice guidelines for medical and occupational surveillance of the low back pain risk among workers exposed to manual handling of loads. Pre-return-to-work medical consultation for low back pain workers. Good practice recommendations Chronic low-back pain, chronic disability at work, chronic management issues." Thesis, Angers, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ANGE0092.
Full textLow back pain is a major public and occupational health issue in industrialized countries. Chronic low back pain and resulting disability are potential sources of impaired quality of life, breaking career and even socio-professional exclusion. The first part of this work places the issue of the back intervertebral disc disease related to work and its social recognition.The low back pain chronicity and the social and professional restriction of participation are part of a dynamic model involving factors related to the individual, to the prevention and care system, to work, and to the financial compensation system. The need for integration of all these elements for medical care, prevention and medical and occupational surveillance of low back pain workers is developed through the presentation of recommendations for good practice. Recommendations for pre-return-to-work medical examination especially emphasize the benefit of coordinating medical, social and occupational actors for the return to / retention at work and the fight against occupational exclusion of low back pain workers. Finally, the offered to low back pain workers strategies which have shown their effectiveness in reducing the duration of sick leave combine an intensive physical rehabilitation, a cognitive-behavioral approach, a workplace intervention and the coordination of return to work actors. However, the implementation of these complex interventions has a great number of limitations