Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Parasitic'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Parasitic.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Parasitic.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Tolis, Benjamin. "PARASITIC OPERATIONS: TO INHABIT A CADAVER." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-281361.
Full textAbstract:
My project takes place in Athens, address Lagoumitzi 15. The plan is to undertake and give life to the huge skeleton-like unfinished structure there. I transform the "skeleton" to a center for urban art, street art. My ambition is for the buidling to become the epicentre for street art in Athens. Since I am designing the building for a non-conformist group of people, graffiti artists, I choose to approach the project by trying to mimic the parasitic art form that is graffiti, in architecture. I wanted the building to radiate the same energy as the artform it is devoted to, and its intended users. The method I am working with is a parasitic method originally by Andrew Benjamin.
2
Kanasink, Michael. "Parasitic Interiors." VCU Scholars Compass, 2011. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2409.
Full textAbstract:
This project is an experiment in the adaptive reuse of an Art Deco style manufacturing facility in Richmond, VA. The building has fallen into disrepair and has been inhabited by two different owners over the years, but the structure remains very much as it did when it was erected in 1946. I will propose adapting to the defunct space, a forward thinking school based on hands-on, creative learning. This school will challenge accepted pedagogies and serve as an exapmple of future learning. I have always looked as adaptive reuse interior design as a parasitic form of designing. The new program is almost never intendeed for the original space as it was designed and therfore should show its uniqueness in contast to the site. In this thesis, I will explore how the program will influence the design process, thus creating the most appropriate design to facilitate a futuristic learning environment in a obsolete manufacturing plant.
3
Kelly, Colleen Kay. "Host use and foraging in the parasitic plant Cuscuta subinclusa." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184543.
Full textAbstract:
Foraging theory predicts active responses by organisms upon encounter with a resource, as opposed to the passive responses of differential survivorship and growth. Stems of the parasitic plant Cuscuta subinclusa invest in resource acquisition (coil) relative to host quality in a way predicted by the marginal value theorem (MVT) in that: (1) stem coiling, the necessary antecedent and determinant of resource uptake, precedes exploitation of host materials; and (2) mean coiling on a host species is proportional to: (a) mean growth/haustorium, (b) mean biomass accumulation over the season, and (c) mean parasite growth/host individual. Coiling is correlated with growth/host individual for the 5 native host species examined, but not when a non-native species is added to the model, suggesting coiling response is a result of natural selection. Preliminary evidence indicates that coiling in C. subinclusa is induced by host bark chemicals. Resource-poor stems of C. subinclusa are more likely to coil, and coil more, than resource-rich stems, thus nutritional state of the parasite as well as host value affects foraging responses. Evidence from other experiments suggests that the costs of growth, or "search costs", may affect host acceptability. When water is readily available, transplanted C. subinclusa stems are less likely to coil on branches of Platanus racemosa. During the dry season, when cellular expansion is difficult, all p. racemosa branches were coiled upon. Large parasites are more likely to over-winter and set seed a second season, and parasites that start from over-wintered tissue are significantly larger at flowering than are those that have started from seed. Seed set is correlated with parasite size, thus linking foraging response and fitness of the plant. C. subinclusa's foraging response does not, however, predict population level patterns of host use. The principal determinant of host use by C. subinclusa is average proximity of a species to Malosma laurina. Parasite individuals infest many host species each season, but initially establish, set most seed, and over-winter only on M. laurina. Individual response of C. subinclusa contributes to the model of host use only after proximity to M. laurina is accounted for, suggesting that mechanisms maximizing exploitation of a host take effect after contact between host and parasite.
4
McDaniel, Charles N. "Strategic Intervention: Parasitic Architecture." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc_num=ucin1212011864.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Master of Architecture)--University of Cincinnati, 2008.Advisors: Jay Chatterjee (Advisor), Elizabeth Riorden (Advisor). Title from electronic theses title page (viewed Sept. 6, 2008.). Includes abstract. Keywords: parasitic; architecture; intervention. Includes bibliographical references.
5
Houngbédji, Tossimidé. "Rhamphicarpa fistulosa : infestation dans les bas-fonds rizicoles de la Région des Savanes (Togo) et étude des interactions hôte-parasite." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS455/document.
Full textAbstract:
Une des contraintes biotiques majeures de la riziculture de bas-fond au nord du Togo est l’adventice parasite Rhamphicarpa fistulosa (Hochst.) Benth. Afin d’évaluer les options stratégiques pour contrôler efficacement R. fistulosa, notre étude a été conduite avec comme principaux objectifs : 1) l’identification de la répartition de R. fistulosa et l’étude des facteurs qui favorisent son infestation, 2) l’étude de l’impact des niveaux d’infestation sur la flore adventice du riz, et 3) la caractérisation des interactions hôte-parasite et de leurs impacts sur le développement de l’hôte et les performances reproductives du parasite. A l’issu des prospections de terrain, les plus fortes infestations ont été retrouvées sur des sols majoritairement à texture sableuse et très pauvres en matière organique. Une flore adventice très diversifiée a été retrouvée en présence de R. fistulosa, certaines adventices pouvant être parasitées et constituer éventuellement un réservoir pour accroître le stock semencier du parasite. En conditions contrôlées, R. fistulosa se développe et se reproduit aussi bien sur le riz que sur la tomate, alors que le soja retarde la reproduction du parasite. La germination des graines de R. fistulosa est maximale en présence de graines de plantes cultivées ou adventices. Les graines nouvellement récoltées ont une dormance de plus de six mois, mais leur germination a été stimulée par la présence de phytohormones. En conclusion, les meilleures stratégies de lutte doivent impliquer le contrôle par les semis tardifs, les rotations culturales avec les légumineuses comme le soja, l’arachide ou le niébé, et les cultures maraîchèresMain biotic constraints to rain-fed lowland rice cultivation in northern Togo include the parasitic weed Rhamphicarpa fistulosa (Hochst.) Benth. In order to evaluate efficient strategies to control R. fistulosa, our study was performed taking into account the following main objectives: 1) Identification of the distribution of R. fistulosa and study of the factors favouring its infestation, 2) Study of the impacts of infestation levels on rice weed communities, and 3) Characterization of the host-parasite interactions and their impacts on the host development and the parasite reproduction. Following fields investigations, highest infestations were observed on sandy soils with low levels of organic matter.In addition, weed flora found in the presence of R. fistulosa was much diversified and some weeds were found to been parasitized and could possibly constitute reservoirs to increase the seed stock of the parasite. In controlled experiments, R. fistulosa grown and reproduced better on rice and tomato crops, than on soybean which delayed the reproduction of the parasite. Germination of R. fistulosa seeds was stimulated in presence of cultivated crops or weeds. New collected seeds shown six months dormancy but their germination was stimulated in presence of phytohormones. In conclusion, the best strategies to control R. fistulosa must include delayed sowing, crop rotation with leguminous species (i.e. soybean, peanut or cowpea) and vegetable cropsKeywords: Rhamphicarpa fistulosa, rice, lowland, parasitism, host-parasite interaction, weeds
6
PEREIRA, Aldenice Nazar? Silva. "A comunidade parasit?ria da Trilha, Mullus argentinae Hubbs & Marini, 1933 (Perciformes, Mullidae): aspectos taxon?micos e seu uso para a discrimina??o de estoques populacionais." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2012. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/1691.
Full textAbstract:
Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-05-26T20:25:05Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
2012 - Aldenice de Nazar? Silva Pereira.pdf: 1725747 bytes, checksum: dc10ecd0699041a155de6f501045a97a (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-26T20:25:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Aldenice de Nazar? Silva Pereira.pdf: 1725747 bytes, checksum: dc10ecd0699041a155de6f501045a97a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-01
CNPq
Previous studies of the parasitic fauna of the goatfish (Mullus argentinae) from Brazil and Argentina show a significant diversity of species and suggest that this host feature is a good model to test hypotheses for the distribution of parasites and their use as biological indicators of the presence of stocks or different populations of hosts and allowing information relevant to good management of this species. The purpose of this work was to study the composition and structure of parasites communities of the goatfish (M. argentinae), assess whether the temporal variation influences the parasitic fauna and verify its use as a tool for discrimination of possible stocks of this species throughout its geographical distribution, which includes the coast of Brazil and Argentina. During the period of March 2010 to July 2011, were collected 430 specimens of M. argentinae of three locations along the Brazilian coast and an area of the coast of Argentina. In statistics, the quantitative approach was made at the level of parasitic infrapopulations and ecological descriptors were calculated for each parasite species in each area. Species with prevalence >10% in at least one of the localities were analyzed in the ? ? (Chi-square) to test significant differences in prevalence between locations. ANOVA and a Tukey test a posteriori were performed to test for unequal samples. It was analyzed similarity indices of Jaccard and qualitative Bray-Curtis and quantitative and multivariate analysis. Discriminate analysis was used to detect differences between locations and identify species of parasites responsible for these differences.
Estudos pr?vios da fauna parasit?ria da Trilha (Mullus argentinae) em amostras provenientes do Brasil e da Argentina mostram uma significativa diversidade de esp?cies e sugerem que este recurso ictiol?gico ? um bom modelo para testar hip?teses de distribui??o de parasitos e seu uso como indicadores biol?gicos da presen?a de estoques ou de popula??es diferentes de hospedeiros e que permitam obter informa??es relevantes para um adequado manejo desta esp?cie. O prop?sito deste trabalho foi estudar a composi??o e estrutura das comunidades parasit?rias da Trilha (M. argentinae), avaliar se a varia??o temporal da amostragem influencia na fauna parasit?ria e verificar seu uso como ferramenta para a discrimina??o de poss?veis estoques desta esp?cie ao longo da sua distribui??o geogr?fica, que inclui o litoral do Brasil e da Argentina. Durante o per?odo de mar?o de 2010 a julho de 2011, foram coletados um total de 430 esp?cimes de M. argentinae de tr?s localidades do litoral brasileiro (Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul) e de uma localidade do litoral da Argentina (Mar Del Plata). A abordagem quantitativa foi feita em n?vel de infrapopula??es parasit?rias, sendo calculados os descritores quantitativos, para cada esp?cie de parasito de cada ?rea estudada. Para as esp?cies com preval?ncia >10% foram feitas an?lises de ?? (qui-quadrado) para testar diferen?as significantivas de preval?ncia entre localidades. ANOVA e um teste Tukey a posteriori foram feitos para testar se existe diferen?a entre grupos. Foram utilizados tamb?m os ?ndices de similaridade qualitativa de Jaccard e quantitativa de Bray-Curtis. Na an?lise multivariada, primeiramente desenvolveu-se uma an?lise de agrupamentos, que agrupa os parasitos pela abund?ncia de esp?cies existentes nas localidades. A An?lise discriminante foi usada para detectar diferen?as entre localidades e entre diferentes ?pocas de coleta e identificar esp?cies de parasitos respons?veis por estas diferen?as.
7
Alghanmi, Maimonah. "Identification and therapeutic application of molecular parallels between parasites, parasitic vectors and snake venom." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2014. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/17797/.
Full textAbstract:
Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are a group of conditions that exert disability and poverty on populations that comprise the world’s poorest billion people. These conditions, although caused by different organisms and cause distinct disease, they share geographical distribution within tropical regions, occur during similar ecological conditions and most importantly have similar biological mechanisms that are utilized to facilitate the pathology of these diseases. Proteolytic enzymes like proteases are used in many biological mechanisms such as, migration through tissue and cellular compartments; haemoglobin digestion, evasion of immune system responses and cause necrosis and fibrosis to vital tissues and organs. Genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic studies on parasites (S. mansoni and F. hepatica), parasitic vector (An. gambiae) salivary glands and snake venom show that these diverse pathogens appear to be utilizing similar molecules to perform similar biological mechanisms. Therefore, it is of interest to ascertain whether a cross-cutting approach in research could facilitate a better understanding of these diseases. Therefore, the initial aim of this work was to investigate molecular parallels of the mechanisms used by these tropical disease pathogens, including parasites, snake venom toxins, and haematophagic parasite vectors, to access their host’s blood stream. Using a bioinformatics-led approach, in combination with immunological and proteomic analyses, this study demonstrated the presence of similar compounds between shared molecular molecules (serine proteases and other proteins) causing pathology in parasites, parasitic vectors and snake venom. This similarity was not only at the bioinformatics level, but presence of cross-reactivity toward parasite proteins was detected using antivenoms and toxin-specific antibodies. In addition, sera collected from patients infected with S.mansoni exhibited an immune response to snake venom. One of this study aims was to investigate possibilities of using homologous proteins in parasitic vectors and snake venom as therapeutic applications. For this purpose, chimeric epitopes of homologous snake venom (Echis ocellatus) and mosquito salivary proteins were designed as primary vaccine that could be boosted by mosquito bites. If succeeded, this method would prevent, or at least reduce, the devastating pathology and death caused by snake venom at a low cost, with limited logistical complications.
8
Woolford, Ellen. "Aspect splits and parasitic marking." Universität Potsdam, 2009. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2009/3223/.
Full textAbstract:
Aspect splits can affect agreement, Case, and even preposition insertion. This paper discusses the functional ‘why’ and the theoretical ‘how’ of aspect splits. Aspect splits are an economical way to mark aspect by preserving or suppressing some independent element in one aspect. In formal terms, they are produced in the same way as coda conditions in phonology, with positional/contextual faithfulness.This approach captures the additive effects of cross-cutting splits. Aspect splits are analyzed here from Hindi, Nepali, Yucatec Maya, Chontal, and Palauan.
9
Tetley, Laurence. "Ultrastructural studies on parasitic flagellates." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1986. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/1566/.
Full text
10
Hardy, Ian Charles Wrighton. "Reproductive strategies in parasitic wasps." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/46805.
Full text
11
West, Stuart Andrew. "Reproductive strategies in parasitic Hymenoptera." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309736.
Full text
12
Grainger, John Robert. "Immune modulation by parasitic nematodes." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/3809.
Full textAbstract:
Almost 2 billion people world-wide are infected with parasitic helminths. These complex multicellular eukaryotic organisms are capable of establishing long-term infections even in the face of an intact immune response. Typically, in these settings regulatory components of the immune response, such as Foxp3+ T regulatory cells (Tregs), become dominant, limiting protective effector responses towards the parasite. Helminths are thought to have evolved mechanisms, including release of immunomodulatory molecules termed excretory-secretory products (ES), to sway the balance between the regulatory and effector arms of the immune response to favour their persistence. In this thesis both the development of a protective immune response toward, and the potential manipulation of the immune response by, the rodent gastrointestinal nematode Heligmosomoides polygyrus have been studied. Firstly, the effects of H. polygyrus ES (HES) on bone-marrow derived dendritic cells (DCs) were analysed. Although HES did not alter the phenotype of the DC it was found to be able to suppress the ability of the DC to respond to inflammatory stimuli. This activity was lost when HES was heat-inactivated (hiHES). After adoptive transfer, HES-pulsed DCs were able to induce a HESspecific T helper (Th)2-type response even if co-treated with an inflammatory stimulus. Th2-type responses are protective against H. polygyrus infection. Surprisingly, the ability of HES to generate a Th2-response in a co-treatment situation was not related to its anti-inflammatory properties; DCs co-treated with hiHES and an inflammatory stimulus were able to drive an equivalent Th2-response to HES in this situation. Next, making use of mouse strains with different susceptibility phenotypes to primary H. polygyrus infection, potential mechanisms of resistance were characterised. Development of granulomas in the gut wall were found to be associated with reduced worm burdens. Furthermore, in highly susceptible C57BL/6 mice, production of IL-23 was shown to be counter-regulatory to this process, as mice on the same background but deficient in this cytokine have increased numbers of granulomas and dramatically enhanced resistance. Susceptibility to H. polygyrus was also considered at the level of epigenetic regulation. A protein that binds specifically to methylated DNA, methyl-CpG binding domain protein (MBD)2, was found to affect the proportion of Foxp3+ Tregs within the CD4+ T cell population in vivo. Additionally, in vitro induction of Foxp3 in response to TGF-β was enhanced in MBD2-/- CD4+ T cells. MBD2-/- mice had a trend towards increased worm burdens when infected with H. polygyrus, suggesting that the difference in proportion of Tregs may limit generation of an effector response. Finally, the ability of HES to directly affect the regulatory arm of the immune response was focussed upon. It was found that HES was able to induce Foxp3 expression in naïve peripheral T cells, and that this was mediated by stimulation of the TGF-β pathway. The TGF-β mimic was of parasite origin as a pan-vertebrate TGF-β antibody was unable to block its effects but sera from H. polygyrus infected animals was competent to do this. Activity of this type was not limited to HES as ES from the ovine helminth Haemonchus contortus was found to have the same property. These data imply that some helminth parasites have evolved mechanisms to support generation of Foxp3+ Tregs, thus favouring the regulatory arm of the immune response and hence their own persistence.
13
Almond, N. M. "Humoral responses to parasitic nematodes." Thesis, Open University, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.482683.
Full text
14
Cleator, M. "Developmental hormones in parasitic nematodes." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.356250.
Full text
15
Sutov, Grigorij. "Glycomic studies of parasitic nematodes." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/56060.
Full textAbstract:
Haemonchus contortus and Dictyocaulus viviparus are parasitic nematodes which infect small ruminants and cattle, respectively worldwide causing huge economic losses. The current major control method is the usage of anthelmintic drugs. However, increasingly this strategy is failing due to an increase in parasite drug resistance. New control methods are therefore urgently needed and an attractive potential choice would be vaccination. However, all the attempts to create recombinant vaccines to date have failed therefore a potentially novel approach would be the development of carbohydrate-based vaccines. One of the major bottlenecks in this approach is the lack of structurally characterized parasitic nematode glycans. In this thesis mass-spectrometry-based structural glycomic characterization of protein linked N- and O-glycans from Haemonchus contortus and Dictyocaulus viviparus adult and L3 stage parasites has been performed. The adult Haemonchus contortus glycomic analysis revealed previously unseen Gal-Fuc structures present in both N- and O-glycans. None of these structures were detected in L3 stage N- and O-glycan analysis. In comparison phosphorylated Galβ1-3(Galβ1-6)-GalNAc Core O-glycans were observed. The O-glycan analysis of L3 stage Dictyocaulus viviparus revealed the presence of Galβ1-3(Galβ1-6)-GalNAc Core glycans which can be further modified with fucose and α/β-galactoses. In contrast to L3 stage, the adult O-glycan analysis reveals mainly Core-2 based structures with the highest molecular weight structure forming the Lewisx antenna which is also abundantly observed in adult N-glycans.
16
Laibowitz, Matthew Joel 1975. "Parasitic mobility for sensate media." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/28770.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2004.Includes bibliographical references (p. 213-216).
Distributed sensor networks offer many new capabilities for monitoring environments with applicability to medical, industrial, military, anthropological, and experiential fields. By making such systems mobile, we increase the application-space for the distributed sensor network mainly by providing dynamic context-dependent deployment, continual relocatabililty, automatic node recovery, and a larger area of coverage. In existing models, the addition of actuation to sensor network nodes has exacerbated three of the main problems with these types of systems: power usage, node size, and node complexity. This work proposes a solution to these problems in the form of parasitically actuated nodes that gain their mobility and local navigational intelligence by selectively engaging and disengaging from mobile hosts in their environment. This body of work evaluates parasitically actuated sensor networks as a solution to these problems through extensive software simulation and by designing, implementing, and demonstrating a parasitically mobile sensor network.
by Matthew Joel Laibowitz.
S.M.
17
McGinley, Susan. "Parasitic Wasps: Protecting Greenhouse Tomatoes." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622306.
Full text
18
Davies, Charlotte Mary. "Snail-schistosome interactions and the evolution of virulence." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343421.
Full text
19
McKay, Derek Mark. "Aspects of the neurobiology of two parasitic platyhelminths, with observations on host-parasite interactions." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.335561.
Full text
20
BONETTI, FRANCO C. "Estudo do uso da radiação ionizante como ferramenta de seleção de formas promastigotas metacíclicas de Leishmania amazonensis, e a indução de resposta imunológica em modelos experimentais." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2006. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/11548.
Full textAbstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:53:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T13:58:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Tese (Doutoramento)
IPEN/T
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP
21
Reichart, Letitia Marie. "Conspecific brood parasitism in ruddy ducks (Oxyura jamaicensis)." Online access for everyone, 2008. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Summer2008/L_Reichart_072408.pdf.
Full text
22
O'Donoghue, Peter John. "Characterization of parasitic protozoa in Australia /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe.pdf.
Full text
23
Mellor, C. M. "Immunomodulation and chemotherapy of parasitic infections." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.378990.
Full text
24
Kuchuk, O. P. "Treatment and prophylaxis of parasitic blepharonconjunctivitis." Thesis, БДМУ, 2022. http://dspace.bsmu.edu.ua:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/19660.
Full text
25
Chipeleme, Alex. "Small molecule inhibitors of parasitic enzymes." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6298.
Full textAbstract:
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 198-213)The work presented in this thesis is threefold:-(i) development of potential novel inhibitors of cysteine proteases from the causative agents of Malaria, African sleeping sickness and Chagas disease, (ii) development of potential new and novel anti-trypanosomal inhibitors of trypanosome alternative oxidase, and (ii) synthetic and methodological studies.
26
Durnan, Gregory J. "Parasitic Feed Elements for Reflector Antennas." Thesis, Griffith University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/368077.
Full textAbstract:
The use of parasitic wire dipoles are examined when placed in the proximity of a focused dipole feed in a parabolic reflector antenna. These parasitic elements are rotated around the feed dipole and a search is performed for the ideal positioning so as to yield maximum radiated power and main beam shift in order to develop a novel form of angle diversity. In addition a comparison is made between 2 element dipole feed structures and linearly and circularly polarised patch feed structures. In order to analytically model the structure, mutual coupling between feed elements is calculated taking into account a varying reflection coe±cient due to an impedance mismatch between the transmission line and driven element. An analytical treatment of the calculation of the radiated co-polar and cross-polar feed pattern is presented in addition to the projected field at the reflector surface. A comparison is made to the results presented by E.M.T Jones in the 1954 IRE Transactions of Antennas and Propagation paper entitled 'Paraboloid Reflector and Hyperboloid Lens Antennas'. A theoretical treatment of the reflected field and far field radiation pattern is then presented using the methods of Geometrical Optics, Physical Optics and Fourier analysis. The author derives analytical equations for multiple element incident feed fields and surface current equations for half wave feeds of arbitrary position and number. The fndings are confirmed using a comparison of three methods. These are; original code developed from analytical derivations, the NEC2 Method of Moments using a meshed reflector model and finally, by experimental methods. Analysis of a 30cm 0.4 F/D prime focus reflector at 3GHz using a 2 element feed yields up to 2dB gain over a single dipole feed when the element is displaced either laterally or at 60 or 120 degrees from the feed axis. The optimum offset from the driven element is in the 0.4 to 0.6¸ range. Maximum beam shift for this structure at the half power points is shown to be approximately 10 degrees. When designed as a low-cost system with undemanding polarisation requirements the structure presented provides an easily implemented or retrofitted alternative to multiple antenna diversity solutions.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Microelectronic Engineering
Full Text
27
Hionis, Jerry Jr. "Non-Parasitic Warlords and Geographical Distance." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2013. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/216545.
Full textAbstract:
EconomicsPh.D.
This dissertation presents an extension of the warlord competition models found in Skaperdas (2002) and Konrad and Skaperdas (2012). I consider two non-parasitic warlords located on a line. Each warlord allocates resources for the extraction of natural resources, the production of goods and services, and conflict with the opposing warlord. Within the symmetric rates of seizure model, I use three different forms of the contest success function, a primary tool in the conflict theory literature, in my analysis. I show that the warlord closer to the point of conflict will invest less into the hiring of warriors and more into the production of goods and services, yet wins a larger proportion of total goods and services produced within the economy. Under certain conditions, the placement of the point of conflict at the midpoint between the two warlords maximizes the total resources toward war and minimizes total production. Under the asymmetric rates of seizure model, I find that the warlord closer to the point of conflict invests more in warfare and less in production; that is, results that counter what is found in the symmetric model.
Temple University--Theses
28
Ávila, Robson Waldemar [UNESP]. "Padrões de infecção por helmintos em comunidades de lagartos do Brasil central." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100589.
Full textAbstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:30:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Previous issue date: 2009-08-10Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T21:01:40Z : No. of bitstreams: 1
avila_rw_dr_botib.pdf: 773594 bytes, checksum: 91593c7be9e57a5cf5d522fe8657b502 (MD5)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
O Brasil detém uma das maiores diversidades de lagartos do mundo, com 13 famílias e 236 espécies. Embora várias espécies do território brasileiro tenham sido investigadas nos últimos anos quanto a aspectos de história natural, o conhecimento acerca do parasitismo ainda é escasso concentrado em alguns ecossistemas, como Restingas e Floresta Atlântica. No presente trabalho, a presença de helmintos foi avaliada em diversas espécies de lagartos de três ecossistemas do Brasil Central: Cerrado, Pantanal e Amazônia. Os espécimes utilizados foram provenientes de cinco coleções científicas: Coleção de Vertebrados da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Coleção de Herpetologia da Universidade Federal de Góias, Coleção Zoológica de Referência do Campus de Corumbá, Coleção Zoológica de Referência da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul e Coleção Herpetológica Arlindo de Figueiredo Bedá. Após a necropsia, os helmintos foram identificados e depositados na Coleção Helmintológica do Instituto de Biociências da UNESP de Botucatu. Foram calculados os seguintes parâmetros de infecção: Prevalência (porcentagem de indivíduos infectados em cada espécie hospedeira) e a Intensidade média da infecção (número médio de parasitos nos lagartos infectados). 0 índice de diversidade de Brillouin foi calculado para cada espécie hospedeira. Relação entre o comprimento rostro-cloacal e número total de parasitas e diversidade de helmintos foi testada através de correlação de Pearson. Análises de agrupamento (UPGMA) foram realizadas para avaliar a similaridade (índice de Sorensen) entre as áreas dentro dos biomas utilizando apenas os dados qualitativos. Um total de 955 indivíduos pertencentes a 66 espécies de lagartos foram necropsiados, dos quais 45,8% estavam parasitados. A prevalência por ecossistema foi de 58% de animais parasitados na amostra do Cerrado...
Brazilian diversity of lizards includes 236 species, although many aspects of lizard biology, including parasitism are poorly studied. These few studies are concentrated mostly on animals from Atlantic forest and Restinga. Herein we investigate the helminth parasites of lizards in three biomes of central Brazil Cerrado (savanna-like vegetation), Pantanal (floodplain) and Amazonia (rain forest). We look for helminths within the body cavity, esophagus, stomach, lungs, small and large intestines of each specimen under a stereomicroscope. Nematodes were cleared in phenol; Cestoda, Trematoda and Acanthocephala were stained in Carmim, dehydrated graded alcohols, cleared in Creosote and after identification, these helminths were deposited in the Coleção Helmintológica do Instituto de Biociências da Unesp de Botucatu, Brazil. A total of 955 individuals from 66 species of lizards representing 9 families were assessed, wherein 45.8% displayed helminthes. In the Cerrado the prevalence was 58% (a total of 436 specimens from 39 species), whereas in the Pantanal the overall prevalence was 53.9% (221 individuals from 27 species) and 54.2% (295 specimens from 31 species) was the prevalence in the Amazon. A total of 156,435 helminths from 62 species, including 8 trematodes, 2 acanthocephalans, 5 cestodes and 47 nematodes were found. Tropiduridae, Teiidae an Scincidae were the most parasitized lizard families in all biomes, while Gymnophthalmidae were lesser infected. Lizards with larger body sizes tend to have richer diversity and abundance of helminths. Cluster analysis revealed higher similarities between different populations of the same lizard species than phylogenetically closest sympatric species
29
Bell, Andrew Stuart. "Studies on the biosystematics and biology of strigeids (Digenea) parasitic in freshwater fish." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/3383.
Full textAbstract:
This study is concerned with two strigeid genera which utilise fish as their second intermediate host and piscivorous birds as a definitive host, i.e. Apatemon (Apatemon) Sudarikov, 1959 and Ichthyocotylurus Odening, 1969. Although the lifecycle has been ascertained for most Ichthyocotylurus spp., confusion and disagreement still exist as to the constituent species, while all of the life-stages have been described for only a single member of the subgenus Apatemon (Apatemon). In order to clarify species membership to these taxa and indeed the taxonomic position of the subgenus Apatemon (Apatemon) further information was required on the life-cycles and life-stages of these strigeids. Although, metacercariae from this family have been recorded from a variety of British fishes, confirmed records, i.e. those supported with life-cycle data, are limited to a single species. It was this lack of confidence in identifying metacercariae recovered from fishes and the lack of known good criteria for distinguishing the adults that prompted the present study. Collections of metacercariae from a variety of hosts and locations were made, from which all subsequent life-cycle stages were obtained. The project aims were to establish the identity of the forms occurring in British fishes, by applying discriminatory techniques to the experimentally reared life-stages. In addition to traditional methods, techniques with little previous application to these genera were used and included, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), chaetotaxy, principal components analysis (PCA), and karyology. Furthermore, behavioural aspects such as the release patterns of cercariae from their molluscan hosts were studied to investigate whether they would prove to be of diagnostic value. Metacercariae obtained from the sampling survey were tentatively identified, using all currently employed methods for their determination, i.e. morphology, nature of cyst, host and site specificities, as Ichthyocotylurus erraticus (Rudolphi, 1809), I. variegatus (Creplin, 1825), Apatemon gracilis (Rudolphi, 1819) and A. annuligerum (Nordmann, 1832). Material collected from Finland was considered to contain both Ichthyocotylurus spp. recovered in the U.K., as well as I. platycephalus (Creplin, 1825) and I. pileatus (Rudolphi, 1802). The Ichthyocotylurus spp. were found to be more host specific than A. gracilis, although A. annuligerum was considered oioxenic to perch Perea fluiatilis L. Records of I. erraticus from gwyniad Coregonus lavaretus (L.) and grayling Thymallus thymallus (L.), and A. gracilis from arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus (L.) constitute first listings from Britain. The large number of sensilla present on the body surface of these metacercariae, observed by SEM and chaetotaxy, precluded their diagnostic use. PCA was, however, found to be of value for distinguishing between species and determining morphological variation within a species. I. erraticus, I. variegatus and A. gracilis adults were successfully reared in experimental hosts using metacercariae from a variety of fish hosts, sites within a single fish host and geographical sites. The adults obtained enabled clarification of the identities assigned to the metacercariae. Those metacercariae believed to represent I. pileatus and A. annuligerum failed to establish in experimental hosts. Herring gulls and lesser black-backed gulls proved to be extremely good experimental hosts for both Ichthyocotylurus spp., with the vast majority of infections establishing and providing high yields of eggs and adults. These infections yielded information on the establishment, development, fecundity, site specificity, longevity and morphological variability of the adults. Aspects of the morphology and biology of I. variegatus adults recorded were found to support its validity as a species discrete from I. platycephalus which was in some doubt. The experimental hosts used for A. gracilis infections, domestic and mallard ducklings, were found to be less satisfactory. Challenges were performed with A. gracilis metacercariae from three sources, rainbow trout, salmon parr and stone loach. The latter source was the only one to result in egg producing adults, with specimens exhibiting normal morphology and demonstrating an increased longevity over adults raised from salmonid metacercariae. These findings suggest that the metacercarial host may affect the successful completion of the life-cycle. Eggs of known origin were collected for all three cultured strigeid species, enabling further life-cycle studies, these were incubated and miracidia successfully raised. Developmental periods were found to be temperature dependent and differed for the three species at 20°C: A. gracilis < I. erraticus < I. variegatus. Light microscopy revealed the morphology of all three species to be identical, as were the epidermal plate formulae and chaetotaxy, indicated by silver-staining. The nomenclature for the distribution of miracidial sensilla derived by Dimitrov et al. (1989) was amended to enable a full description of these species. Osmotic shock resulted in an improved deciliation of the miracidia compared to sonication and subsequent SEM observation confirmed the arrangement of body surface structures, while revealing sensilla forms. Behavioural aspects of I. variegatus miracidia were examined, with a maximum longevity (< 11 hours) recorded at the lowest temperature studied (l0 degrees C), and host finding demonstrated to occur by an increased turning response in the presence of substances emitted from the susceptible snail host, following an initial unresponsive dispersal phase. Ichthyocotylurus cercariae were found in naturally infected Valvata piscinalis which constitutes the first record in Britain of cercariae of this genus. Cercariae of I. erraticus and I. variegatus were successfully raised experimentally from miracidia of known identity and origin within naive, experimentally raised V. piscinalis hosts, while A. gracilis cercariae were obtained from laboratory reared Lymnaea peregra. Cercarial developmental periods within the molluscan host were found to be temperature dependent and markedly different for the strigeid genera investigated, as were their behaviour and morphology. The Ichthyocotylurus spp. exhibit a distinct diurnal emergence rhythm from their molluscan host, being shed during the hours of daylight, while A. gracilis cercariae demonstrate a reciprocal pattern, emerging during the hours of darkness. Behavioural contrasts were also observed in longevities, emergence strategies (route of exit) and swimming behaviour. The two Ichthyocotylurus spp. were extremely similar, the only cercarial features found to be of diagnostic use were: the presence or absence of eye-spots; their differing developmental periods from miracidium to cercaria; the number and distribution of sensilla when compared by PCA; and their differing longevities at 20 degrees C. Characters considered to be of value in differentiating between strigeid cercariae at the species level, including the armature, chaetotaxy pattern and resting posture, did not differ between these two species. SEM observations enabled descriptions of the variety and structure of sensilla present on different life-stages, while transmission electron microscopy revealed the internal structure of cercarial sensory structures. Experimentally raised cercariae were found to be infective and the life-cycle was completed for the three strigeid species. Host specificities were observed for I. erraticus and A. gracilis, being particularly stringent for the latter species, while site specificities recorded were as observed in natural infections. Metacercarial maturation periods (for encystment) were highly temperature dependent, being comparable for the two Ichthyocotylurus spp. and more rapid than for A. gracilis specimens.
30
McMahon, Connor. "Anthelmintic resistance in parasites of sheep in Northern Ireland and the strategic control of parasitic diseases." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.678215.
Full textAbstract:
Parasites of livestock have major negative economic impacts worldwide; as such, enhanced control of key parasitic diseases would augment farm profitability. However, control has been complicated in recent years through the advent of resistance to commonly used anthelmintic drugs. With the emergence of helminth populations resistant to four of the five major classes of anthelmintic drugs comes the need to develop sustainable control strategies for animal welfare. The first steps in developing future control strategies are; the quantification of the prevalence of resistance within a geographical area, and, investigations on the ways in which such levels of resistance have arisen. The aims of this Thesis were - 1. To investigate the prevalence of Anthelmintic Resistance (AR) in sheep flocks in NI; 2. To examine potential management factors associated with the development of AR; and 3. To attempt to identify non-operational factors which may exacerbate the development of AR. As the levels of AR are most pronounced in small ruminants, the majority of work was undertaken in sheep. Many of the management practices that select for AR in ovine nematodes are conserved between bovine, porcine and avian parasites; as such, data collated in this Thesis will have relevance to all animal enterprises within the Agri-Food industry of NI. Included within this Thesis are - 1. The the results of two Questionnaire surveys which detail the methods used to control gastrointestinal nematode, trematode and cestode species parasitising sheep flocks; 2. The results of three coprological surveys investigating anthelmintic treatment efficacy in controlling nematodiasis, fasciolosis and trichostrongylosis/teladorsagiosis; and, 3. The publications which came about through the completion of the above. All research was carried out in the Parasitology laboratory, Veterinary Sciences Divison, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Stormont, during the years of 2010 - 2013.
31
browne, Joanna. "Parasites of Jellyfish in Eastern Australia." Thesis, Griffith University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367791.
Full textAbstract:
Parasites are a major component of the Earth’s biota, yet are often overlooked and their importance underestimated. They affect nearly all organisms and can potentially regulate the populations of their hosts. Jellyfish are abundant members of the zooplankton community and are renowned for their ability to form large blooms. Jellyfish host a large diversity of parasites. Some of these parasites (e.g. hyperiid amphipods and parasitic anemones) use jellyfish as the sole host in their life cycle, whilst others (e.g. digenean trematodes and cestodes) use jellyfish as an intermediate host between other host organisms. There have been few ecological studies of jellyfish parasites (for example of spatial and temporal variation in parasite-host relationships) relative to other aspects of jellyfish biology. This may be partly attributable to the very small size of some parasites (e.g. digenean trematodes) and also to difficulties such as identifying larval parasite forms. However, with the advent of new technologies, such as molecular identification, and with diligent examination, these difficulties are able to be overcome. This thesis aims to identify jellyfish parasites using molecular and morphological techniques and elucidate their life cycles, examine spatial and temporal variation in jellyfish parasites and investigate the diversity and host specificity of the parasites of jellyfish in eastern Australia.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith School of Environment
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
Full Text
32
Ávila, Robson Waldemar. "Padrões de infecção por helmintos em comunidades de lagartos do Brasil central /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100589.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Reinaldo José da SilvaBanca: Christine Strussmann
Banca: Luciano Alves dos Anjos
Banca: Lúcia Helena O'Dwyer de Oliveira
Banca: Adjair Antonio de Nascimento
Resumo: O Brasil detém uma das maiores diversidades de lagartos do mundo, com 13 famílias e 236 espécies. Embora várias espécies do território brasileiro tenham sido investigadas nos últimos anos quanto a aspectos de história natural, o conhecimento acerca do parasitismo ainda é escasso concentrado em alguns ecossistemas, como Restingas e Floresta Atlântica. No presente trabalho, a presença de helmintos foi avaliada em diversas espécies de lagartos de três ecossistemas do Brasil Central: Cerrado, Pantanal e Amazônia. Os espécimes utilizados foram provenientes de cinco coleções científicas: Coleção de Vertebrados da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Coleção de Herpetologia da Universidade Federal de Góias, Coleção Zoológica de Referência do Campus de Corumbá, Coleção Zoológica de Referência da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul e Coleção Herpetológica Arlindo de Figueiredo Bedá. Após a necropsia, os helmintos foram identificados e depositados na Coleção Helmintológica do Instituto de Biociências da UNESP de Botucatu. Foram calculados os seguintes parâmetros de infecção: Prevalência (porcentagem de indivíduos infectados em cada espécie hospedeira) e a Intensidade média da infecção (número médio de parasitos nos lagartos infectados). 0 índice de diversidade de Brillouin foi calculado para cada espécie hospedeira. Relação entre o comprimento rostro-cloacal e número total de parasitas e diversidade de helmintos foi testada através de correlação de Pearson. Análises de agrupamento (UPGMA) foram realizadas para avaliar a similaridade (índice de Sorensen) entre as áreas dentro dos biomas utilizando apenas os dados qualitativos. Um total de 955 indivíduos pertencentes a 66 espécies de lagartos foram necropsiados, dos quais 45,8% estavam parasitados. A prevalência por ecossistema foi de 58% de animais parasitados na amostra do Cerrado... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Brazilian diversity of lizards includes 236 species, although many aspects of lizard biology, including parasitism are poorly studied. These few studies are concentrated mostly on animals from Atlantic forest and Restinga. Herein we investigate the helminth parasites of lizards in three biomes of central Brazil Cerrado (savanna-like vegetation), Pantanal (floodplain) and Amazonia (rain forest). We look for helminths within the body cavity, esophagus, stomach, lungs, small and large intestines of each specimen under a stereomicroscope. Nematodes were cleared in phenol; Cestoda, Trematoda and Acanthocephala were stained in Carmim, dehydrated graded alcohols, cleared in Creosote and after identification, these helminths were deposited in the Coleção Helmintológica do Instituto de Biociências da Unesp de Botucatu, Brazil. A total of 955 individuals from 66 species of lizards representing 9 families were assessed, wherein 45.8% displayed helminthes. In the Cerrado the prevalence was 58% (a total of 436 specimens from 39 species), whereas in the Pantanal the overall prevalence was 53.9% (221 individuals from 27 species) and 54.2% (295 specimens from 31 species) was the prevalence in the Amazon. A total of 156,435 helminths from 62 species, including 8 trematodes, 2 acanthocephalans, 5 cestodes and 47 nematodes were found. Tropiduridae, Teiidae an Scincidae were the most parasitized lizard families in all biomes, while Gymnophthalmidae were lesser infected. Lizards with larger body sizes tend to have richer diversity and abundance of helminths. Cluster analysis revealed higher similarities between different populations of the same lizard species than phylogenetically closest sympatric species
Doutor
33
Tellier, Christine. "Universal licensing : implications for parasitic gap constructions." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=75902.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation investigates, within a Government-Binding framework, the licensing mechanisms which regulate the distribution of sentence-internal constituents. It is proposed that the licensing requirements apply across components, in the spirit of the Projection Principle of Chomsky (1981). Under the extended view of licensing proposed here ("Universal Licensing"), maximal projections must comply with the appropriate licensing requirements at every syntactic level of representation.This allows for a more constrained model of grammar, under which a number of facts follow in a principled way; this is the case particularly with respect to constructions involving null operators. Thus, from the D- and S-Structure conditions on null operator licensing, we derive the cross-linguistic as well as the language-internal distribution of resumptive pronouns. Furthermore, some of the well-known, but so far stipulated, constraints on parasitic gap (PG) constructions are shown to follow from general principles: we explain for instance the fact that PGs must be sanctioned at S-Structure, as well as the inability of adjunct movement to license PGs.
The consequences of Universal Licensing on the distribution of PGs are examined with particular reference to adnominal PGs in French genitival relatives. It is shown that the properties displayed by these little-studied ("double dont") constructions, in conjunction with the Universal Licensing Principle, shed significant light on a number of issues, among which the thematic structure of nominals, and the nature of the locality constraints on null operator identification.
34
Weller, Charlotte Louise. "Anti-inflammatory proteins secreted by parasitic nematodes." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.398928.
Full text
35
Rees-Roberts, Dominic Heddwyn James. "Potential anti-inflammatory mediators from parasitic nematodes." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.484428.
Full text
36
Baker, Rachael Helen. "GTP-Cyclohydrolase function in parasitic nematode development." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/6526.
Full textAbstract:
Parasitic nematodes of grazing livestock represent an increasing economic and welfare problem for British agriculture. By investigating specific life-cycle stages of these parasites, it may be possible to identify key molecules or pathways that are required for the survival of the worms, and thus exploit these for future control strategies. It has been shown previously that the third larval stages (L3) of the ovine parasitic nematode Teladorsagia circumcincta produce high levels of transcript for the enzyme GTP-Cyclohydrolase relative to later developmental stages. As the ratelimiting factor in the production of tetrahydrobiopterin, GTP-Cyclohydrolase is required for a number of different biochemical pathways, including those involved in the production of serotonin and melanin. As the L3 do not feed, it can be hypothesised that, if finite resources are being used in the production of transcript encoding this enzyme, then it may be important for survival. In this thesis, a number of approaches were taken to explore the function of GTPCyclohydrolase in the life-cycle development of T. circumcincta. The closely related parasite, Dictyocaulus viviparus, was used as a model organism to explore the role of GTP-Cyclohydrolase and serotonin production with regards to larval arrest, or hypobiosis. This process occurs readily under experimental conditions in D. viviparus, which is not possible with T. circumcincta. Quantitative PCR was used to examine GTP-Cyclohydrolase transcript levels in two different strains of D. viviparus, one that enters larval arrest when exposed to cold conditions and one that does not. No differences were observed between the two strains suggesting that GTP-Cyclohydrolase was unlikely to be involved in hypobiosis. The model nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, was used to perform functional complementation experiments to assess the role of GTP-Cyclohydrolase in the cuticle, as it has been shown previously that C. elegans GTP-Cyclohydrolase mutants have a ‘leaky cuticle’ and are killed by lower doses of anthelmintics and bleach than the wild-type worms. The T. circumcincta gene for GTP-Cyclohydrolase was able to restore cuticular integrity of C. elegans GTP-Cyclohydrolase-deletion mutants, suggesting that the role played by the protein in both species is similar. In vitro inhibition experiments using a chemical inhibitor of GTP-Cyclohydrolase showed that T. circumcincta larval development was disrupted in the presence of the inhibitor. It was also shown that T. circumcincta L3 that were exposed to sunlight produced melanin, suggesting that the levels of GTP-Cyclohydrolase observed in the preparasitic stages of T. circumcincta may be required for the synthesis of melanin. Together, these data suggest that GTP-Cyclohydrolase is required by the preparasitic stages to survive on pasture. Ultraviolet radiation has been shown previously to be harmful to T. circumcincta L3, so if the melanin production provides protection from this, then it would be crucial for the survival of the pre-parasitic stages.
37
Luther, Justin. "Microstrip Patch Electrically Steerable Parasitic Array Radiators." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5984.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation explores the expansion of the Electrically Steerable Parasitic Array Radiator (ESPAR) technology to arrays using microstrip patch elements. Scanning arrays of two and three closely-coupled rectangular patch elements are presented, which incorporate no phase shifters. These arrays achieve directive radiation patterns and scanning of up to 26° with maintained impedance match. The scanning is effected by tunable reactive loads which are used to control the mutual coupling between the elements, as well as additional loads which compensate to maintain the appropriate resonant frequency. The design incorporates theoretical analysis of the system of coupled antennas with full-wave simulation. A prototype of the three-element array at 1 GHz is fabricated and measured to exhibit a maximum gain of 7.4 dBi with an efficiency of 79.1%. Further, the microstrip ESPAR is thoroughly compared to uniformly-illuminated arrays of similar size.
To satisfy the need for higher directivity antennas with inexpensive electronic scanning, the microstrip ESPAR is then integrated as a subarray. The three-element subcell fabrication is simplified to a single layer with an inverted-Y groove in the ground plane, allowing for DC biasing without the need for the radial biasing stubs or tuning stubs found in the two-layer design. The 1 GHz ESPAR array employs a corporate feed network consisting of a Wilkinson power divider with switchable delay line phase shifts, ring hybrid couplers, and achieves a gain of 12.1 dBi at boresight with &"177;20° scanning and low side lobes. This array successfully illustrates the cost savings associated with ESPAR subarray scanning and the associated reduction in required number of phase shifters in the RF front end.Ph.D.
Doctorate
Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Engineering and Computer Science
Electrical Engineering
38
Raisor, Ralph C. "Parasitic free switched capacitor composite operationa amplifiers." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/26687.
Full textAbstract:
In this research, analog active circuits are analyzed and designed using periodic sampling techniques. Switched capacitor networks are the basis of these techniques. A parasitic free switched capacitor network is combined with composite operational amplifiers to facilitate implementation of low sensitivity, wide bandwidth, analog integrated circuits. The resulting designed network is implemented into a finite gain circuit and into a bandpass filter network. The results of these applications are compared with the results obtained from continuous circuits of the same design
39
Bhatt, Rakesh Bhupatrai. "The synthesis of potential anti parasitic compounds." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/14147.
Full textAbstract:
Novel members of a homologous series of N', N'-di-(2,6-dinitro-4-trifluoromethylphenyl) diamine dimers related to the anti-malarial compound trifluralin (2,6-dinitro-(N, Ndipropylamino- 4-trifluoromethyl)benzene) have been synthesised in good yields for screening against several tropical diseases such as Leishmaniasis, Trypanosomiais, and Malarial in both humans and animals. This was achieved in a single step reaction where the starting material chloralin (1-chloro-2,6-dinitro-4-trifluoromethylbenzene) was reacted with various aliphatic and aromatic diamines via the key step involving nucleophilic aromatic ipso-substitution. The final compounds were obtained via the intermediate Jackson-Meisenheimer complexes. The formation of the corresponding tri- and tetrasubstituted hydrazines were, however, not successful due to unfavourable steric interactions. Previous investigations by other researchers have postulated tubulin (a dimeric protein) as a potential site of drug action. Based on this theory such compounds were synthesised that may play a role in mapping distances between tubulin binding sites. As both the herbicides, trifluralin and oryzalin (3,5-dinitro-4-(N, N-dipropylamino) - benzenesulphonamide) have been shown to possess anti-leishmanial and anti-malarial activities against Leishmania mexicana (in vivo) and Plasmodium falciparum (in vitro) respectively, a new analogue of oryzalin, 4-(N, N-dipropylsulphamoyl)-2,6-dinitro-l- (N, N-dipropylamino)benzene has been synthesised for possible screening. The study was extended to the synthesis of julolidine (2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-IH, 5H-benzo[ij] quinolizine) and lilolidine (1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2H-pyrrolo[3,2,1[ij]quinoline) analogues since the parent ring structures are known to exhibit anti-leishmanial activities. This was achieved by reacting several aromatic amines with a series of a, ß-ketoesters to give the intermediate amides, which were then cyclised (in situ) via Friedel-Crafts acylation using polyphosphoric acid to the corresponding substituted julolidine and lilolidine analogues. Spectroscopic data on trifluralins, julolidines and related compounds is presented in this thesis and were found to be consistent with the proposed structures. Although in this study the emphasis lies on synthetic aspects and spectroscopic evaluations some preliminary biological data is summarised in the Appendix, while the remaining testing will form part of an ongoing programme of work by others.
40
Mair, Gunnar Rudolf. "Molecular characterisation of parasitic flatworm neuromuscular systems." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.326435.
Full text
41
Al-Samarai, Abdul-Ghani M. Ali Hasani. "Chemotherapy of parasitic infection by Herpesvirus hominis." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.318149.
Full text
42
Paget, T. A. "Electron transport in mitochondria of parasitic helminths." Thesis, Bucks New University, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.378460.
Full text
43
Wasmuth, James D. "Computational analysis of proteomes from parasitic nematodes." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/14636.
Full textAbstract:
The focus of this thesis is the comparison of nematode proteomes. I describe my work to identify sequences and sequence features that have patterns of interest to nematode biology. Such patterns include proteins that are unique to a parasitic feeding strategy, and protein domains that have been lost in certain nematode lineages. This involved not only global comparisons of the proteomes, but also delineating the protein domain complement of each species. One vital step in the analysis is identifying credible coding regions within the error-prone EST sequences. Robust identification of the coding regions presents an opportunity to perform comparative analysis previously confined to those working with complete genomes. To achieve this, I built the translation pipeline prot4EST, a hierarchical collection of freely-available algorithms. The benchmarking showed that prot4EST produced coding region predictions that were better than its constituent algorithms. Exploring the effect of sequence composition of both the studied species and the program’s training sets improved the accuracy of prediction. A database of high quality protein translations for all nematodes studies was generated, called NemPep. This was accompanied by a collection of predicted domains (NemDom). The decoration of protein sequences with domain annotation is not trivial, especially given the incomplete nature of ESTs. It was necessary to explore domain model assignment to ensure the most accurate results. The rigorous analysis of these resources has revealed: (1) proteins specific to certain nematode lineages; (2) the level and potential effects of contamination in the original cDNA libraries; (3) the extent of protein loss and domain modification in the caenorhabditid lineage.
44
Clermont, Kristen Renee. "Plasticity of Primary Metabolism in Parasitic Orobanchaceae." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/86130.
Full textAbstract:
Parasitic weeds of the family Orobanchaceae attach to the roots of host plants via haustoria capable of drawing nutrients from host vascular tissue. Species in this family span the spectrum of host nutrient dependency, allowing comparisons that provide insight into parasite adaptation. A key aspect of this is the relationship between parasite metabolism and the metabolite profile of its host. To what extent does the metabolite profile of the parasite depend on that of the host? Do parasites that differ in host-dependency also differ in their metabolism or do they use common metabolic strategies? These questions were addressed using comparative profiling of primary metabolites to gain insight into carbon and nitrogen assimilation by the obligate holoparasite Phelipanche aegyptiaca and the facultative hemiparasite Triphysaria versicolor. First, metabolite profiles of these parasites and their hosts were compared during the key life stages before and after haustorial attachment. Second, the impact of specific variations in host metabolism was analyzed for P. aegyptiaca growing on Arabidopsis thaliana hosts that had mutations in amino acid metabolism but otherwise identical genetic backgrounds. Comparison of P. aegyptiaca and T. versicolor metabolite profiles identified substantial differences in the stages spanning the transition from pre-haustorial development through post-haustorial feeding. Each parasite species is distinct from the other and from their hosts. For parasites growing on host lines that differ in amino acid content, the size of P. aegyptiaca tubercles decreased when grown on the aap6 mutant line, which has decreased levels of asparagine in the phloem sap compared to the wild type. However, altered amino acid levels in other lines did not impact P. aegyptiaca growth, indicating that this parasite has ability to compensate for variation in host metabolic composition. This research highlights the importance of aspartate and asparagine to early post-attachment metabolism in both P. aegyptiaca and T. versicolor and through host deficiencies possibly associated with decreased growth in P. aegyptiaca. Overall, this work provides insights both into the metabolism of parasitic plants and lays the foundation for the development of new metabolism-based control strategies.Ph. D.
Parasitic weeds of the plant family Orobanchaceae attach to the roots of host plants via haustoria. Parasite haustoria embed into the host plant and are capable of drawing nutrients from host vascular tissue. Species in this family span the spectrum of the extent to which a parasitic plant may depend on its host for nutrients. This allows comparisons that provide insight into the ways in which parasites adapt. A key aspect of this is the relationship between the metabolite profile of the parasite and the metabolite profile of the host. To what extent does the metabolite profile of the parasite depend on that of the host? Do parasites that differ in host-dependency also differ in their metabolism or do they use common metabolic strategies? These questions were addressed using comparative profiling of primary metabolites to gain insight into carbon and nitrogen assimilation by the obligate parasite Phelipanche aegyptiaca (which cannot perform photosynthesis) and the facultative parasite Triphysaria versicolor (which can perform photosynthesis). First, metabolite profiles of these parasites and their hosts were compared during the key life stages before and after haustorial attachment. Second, the impact of specific variations in host metabolism was analyzed for P. aegyptiaca growing on Arabidopsis thaliana hosts. These hosts had mutations in enzymes related to amino acid metabolism but otherwise identical genetic backgrounds. Comparison of P. aegyptiaca and T. versicolor metabolite profiles identified substantial differences in the stages spanning the transition from pre-haustorial development through post-haustorial feeding. Each parasite species is distinct from the other and from their hosts. For parasites growing on host lines that differ in amino acid content, the size of P. aegyptiaca tubercles decreased when grown on the aap6 mutant line, which has decreased levels of asparagine in the phloem sap compared to the wild type. However, altered amino acid levels in other lines did not impact P. aegyptiaca growth, indicating that this parasite has ability to compensate for variation in host metabolic composition. Overall, this work provides insights both into the metabolism of parasitic plants and lays the foundation for the development of new metabolism-based control strategies.
45
Hagerty, James Robert. "Developmental Regulation of Translation in Parasitic Flatworms." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1623424469091568.
Full text
46
Huang, Ching-Cheng. "Development of RNA interference in parasitic nematodes." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/5745.
Full textAbstract:
Exploitation of RNA interference (RNAi) has revolutionised work on Caenorhabditis elegans, and considerable success has been recently reported with plant-parasitic nematodes. It has proven difficult to transfer this technology to animal parasitic species, and previous attempts in this laboratory by feeding Nippostrongylus brasiliensis larvae with Escherichia coli expressing double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) gave no consistent reductions in levels of target transcripts. The aim of this study was to develop methods for RNAi in N. brasiliensis, a rodent strongylid nematode which is closely related to gastrointestinal nematodes of humans and livestock, in order to explore the biological functions of parasite secreted proteins. In order to promote uptake of exogenous macromolecules such as dsRNA and small interfering RNA (siRNA) by infective larvae, the process of activation, whereby larvae are induced to resume feeding and development, was studied in vitro. Activation could be induced solely by exposure of larvae to elevated temperature (37oC), whereas host serum or glutathione had no effect. Neither a membrane permeant analogue of cyclic GMP nor muscarinic receptor agonists promoted activation, suggesting that a cholinergic neural pathway is not involved in the process. Activation at 37oC could be blocked by inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, Akt protein kinase & cytochrome P450. These data indicate that the early signalling events for larval activation in N. brasiliensis differ substantially from the hookworm Ancylostoma caninum, most probably acting through thermosensory rather than chemosensory neurons, but that they may converge downstream of a step dependent on phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. Stimulation of protein secretion paralleled resumption of feeding, suggesting that these processes were tightly linked and regulated by similar pathways during activation. Temperature-activated larvae were exposed to dsRNA and siRNA via electroporation or soaking in the presence of a variety of transfection reagents, but RNAi was unsuccessful. Serotonin was demonstrated to increase the rate of uptake of macromolecules, yet larvae exposed to exogenous dsRNA in the presence of serotonin still failed to show RNAi-mediated gene silencing. In addition, RNAi was also observed to be irreproducible in adult N. brasiliensis using the same methods of delivery. The use of mRNA encoding firefly luciferase identified uptake into larvae or adult worms as a major impediment in the process. Venom Allergen Homologue/ASP-Like (VAL) molecules have been identified as major components of secreted proteins from many species of parasitic nematodes. In this study, eight N. brasiliensis VALs were identified and sequenced, and all were shown to be present in products secreted by adult parasites. NbVAL-7 and NbVAL-8 were also detected in secreted products of infective larvae. Structural similarities to other members of the Pathogenesis- Related protein superfamily are discussed, as are possible functions for these proteins in N. brasiliensis.
47
Brickhouse, Robert A. "A study of parasitic cellular frequency reuse." Thesis, This resource online, 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07102009-040400/.
Full text
48
Lendner, Matthias. "Functional analysis of tropomyosin of parasitic nematodes." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16137.
Full textAbstract:
Parasitische Würmer gehören mit über 3,5 Milliarden Betroffenen zu den weltweit verbreitetesten Infektionskrankheiten. Der Erfolg dieser Parasiten beruht auf ihren ausgefeilten Mechanismen mit denen sie das Immunsystem ihrer Wirte manipulieren. Interessanter Weise gehen Wurminfektionen mit einer geringeren Wahrscheinlichkeit an Allergien zu erkranken einher. Wie genau die Parasiten das Immunsystem manipulieren ist weitgehend unbekannt. Um diese Mechanismen besser studieren zu können, wurde im Rahmen dieser Arbeit versucht RNA interference (RNAi), anhand des Modellmoleküls Tropomyosin zu etablieren. Wie sich am Beispiel des Strongyliden Heligmosomoides polygyrus bakeri zeigte, ist RNAi als Manipulationsmethode für Nematoden nicht oder nur in geringem Maße geeignet. Dies lässt sich auf das Fehlen von Aufnahme- und Verbreitungsmechanismen für Doppelstrang-RNA zurückführen. Desweiteren wurden die Auswirkungen von rekombinantem Tropomyosin der Filarie Acanthocheilonema viteae (rAv-TMY) auf die Entstehung allergischer Atemwegserkrankungen im Mausmodell untersucht. Eine viermalige Behandlung mit rAv-TMY in einem Zeitraum von vier Wochen führte zu verringerten entzündlichen Reaktionen in den Atemwegen. Die Analyse immunologischer Parameter ergab, dass rAv-TMY signifikant den Einstrom von Entzündungszellen in die Atemwege reduziert, allem voran den Einstrom von Eosinophilen. Dies lässt sich durch die verringerte Ausschüttung an IL-5, Eotaxin und MCP-5 zurückführen. Zudem wurde die Bildung von antigenspezifischen IgE verringert während sich die Produktion blockierender IgG1 Antikörper erhöhte. Diese Arbeit belegt somit die anti-allergischen Eigenschaften von rAv-TMY. Damit stellt rAv-TMY ein interessantes Kandidatenmolekül zur Behandlung allergischer Reaktionen dar. Desweiteren kann der Vergleich von allergenem, nicht allergenem und modulatorischem Tropomyosin wichtige Informationen über die allgemeinen Eigenschaften von Allergenen und ihrer molekularen Struktur geben.Parasitic worms are among the world''s most prevalent infectious diseases with more than 3.5 billion. The success of these parasites is based on their sophisticated ways to manipulate the immune system of their hosts. Interestingly, worm infections abate the risk to develop allergic disorders. How exactly parasitic worms modulate the immune system is so far largely unknown. In order to be able to investigate parasite induced modulation, this work aimed to establish RNA interference (RNAi), a method of genetic manipulation, using tropomyosin as target gene. As shown for the example of Heligmosomoides polygyrus RNAi is not or only to a small extent useful as method to genetically manipulate nematodes. This can be explained with the lack of uptake and spreading mechanisms for double stranded RNA. Furthermore, this work examined the impact of the recombinant muscle protein tropomyosin of Acanthocheilonema viteae (rAv-TMY) on the course of a rodent model of allergic airway inflammation. A four-time treatment with rAv-TMY over a period of four weeks resulted in decreased inflammatory responses in the airways. The analysis of immunological parameters showed that rAv-TMY significantly reduces the influx of inflammatory cells into the airways, especially eosinophils. The reduced eosinophil influx can be attributed to the decreased expression of IL-5, eotaxin and MCP-5 in the airways. In addition, the formation of antigen-specific IgE was impaired whereas the production of the blocking antibody IgG1 was increased. These results demonstrate the anti-allergic properties of rAv-TMY. For this reason rAv-TMY becomes an interesting model molecule for the treatment of allergic diseases. Furthermore, the comparison of allergenic, non-allergenic and modulatory tropomyosin might put some light on the nature of allergens and their molecular patterns.
49
Alfano, Gloria. "Development of novel agents against parasitic diseases." Doctoral thesis, Università di Siena, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11365/1048228.
Full textAbstract:
The World Health Organization (WHO) recognizes 17 major parasitic diseases as the neglected topical diseases (NTDs). Despite positive advances over the past decade, the NTDs continue to rank among the world’s greatest global health problems affecting more than 1 billion people worldwide. Available drugs, vaccines, diagnostic and vector control technologies have a limited use because of their toxicities, inadequate efficacies, emerging antimicrobial resistance or because they do not prevent reinfection. Thus, new therapeutic products are urgently required. In this work, the study of natural compounds as lead compounds for the future development of antiparasitic agents (malaria and human african trypanosomiasis) is presented. Among the parasitic diseases, malaria remains the most significant in the tropics where it causes from 200 to 300 million new cases every year, leading to an estimated 445 000 deaths (world malaria report 2017). Malaria is caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium, of which the most lethal species is P. falciparum and transmitted by blood-feeding female mosquitoes, the vector of the parasite. Artemisinin, an endoperoxide-based compound, and its semisynthetic derivatives, used in combination with other antimalarial drugs (Artemisinin-based Combination Therapies or ACT), are the preferred treatment for malaria. However, the low bioavailability, the short half-life, the high cost of these drugs and the emergence of resistance (detected in five countries) are a major drawback of their use. In this thesis, the design and the preparation of synthetic analogues of 9,10-dihydroplakortin (DHP), a natural product characterized by a cyclic peroxide moiety with interesting antimalarial activity, is described. By modifying and gradually simplifying the complex structure of DHP, a new series of antimalarial endoperoxides endowed with a simple bridged bicyclic system was developed. The straightforward way to synthetize them (a high-yielding three-steps protocol) allowed the decoration of the bicyclic core with several functionalized chains, allowing to explore the structure-activity relationships (SARs) and analyze their binding mode to the target of peroxides, namely the free Fe(II)-heme. Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT or sleeping sickness) is a parasitic disease transmitted by the tsetse fly and caused by two subspecies of Trypanosoma brucei: T. brucei rhodesiense and T. brucei gambiense. HAT occurs regularly in specific rural areas of sub-Saharan Africa with the population at risk being about 70 million in 36 countries. The available drugs are few, old, toxic and complicated to administer. The furanoheliangolide 4,15-isoatriplicolide tiglate, isolated from Heliantus schweinitzii (Asteraceae), was recently discovered as an extremely potent trypanocidal agent with an in vitro IC50 of only 15nM against T. brucei rhodesiense. The interesting pharmacological properties of this natural compound and its low availability from natural sources prompt us to develop a total synthesis of this promising antiparasitic hit compound. The approach here described focused on the development of different strategies for the preparation of key macrocyclic intermediates for its synthesis. In particular, three synthetic approaches were investigated allowing to understand the chemical reactivity of the examined systems.
50
Malta, Roberto Carlos Grassi 1970. "Enteroparasitoses em comunidades indígenas brasileirass." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/315091.
Full textAbstract:
Orientadores: Manzélio Cavazzana Júnior, Regina Maura Bueno FrancoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T19:07:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Malta_RobertoCarlosGrassi_D.pdf: 3672169 bytes, checksum: 25ac1445db6b62e9892dee0a7eea948b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011
Resumo: As infecções parasitárias são um dos principais problemas de saúde pública, apresentando-se de forma endêmica em diversas áreas do Brasil. Podem apresentar estreita relação com fatores sócio-demográficos e ambientais, tais como: precárias condições socioeconômicas, consumo de água contaminada, deficiente estado nutricional dos indivíduos e outros, sendo frequentemente a população infantil a mais atingida. Com o objetivo de investigar a prevalência de parasitas intestinais em populações indígenas e populações carentes e os fatores-chave envolvidos na epidemiologia de enteroparasitoses, foi realizado levantamento enteroparasitológico em moradores de 02 reservas indígenas Reserva Bororó/MS e Reserva Xingu/MT (tribos Kayabí e Juruna) -, e também em moradores de 02 cidades - Pontes e Lacerda/MT e Ibateguara/AL. A coleta de dados foi realizada de 2002 a 2009. Foram analisadas 2754 amostras de fezes pelos métodos de Faust, Hoffman, Kato-Katz, Rugai, Direto e Ziehl-Neelsen modificado. Foram obtidos dados pessoais e parâmetros socioeconômicos. Observou-se a presença de 73% de enteroparasitas na reserva indígena de Dourados, 62,77% na reserva indígena do Xingu, 52,61% no município de Pontes e Lacerda/MS e 67,42% no município de Ibateguara. As espécies de maior prevalência no sexo masculino foram Entamoeba coli (22,5%), Giardia duodenalis (11,6%), Entamoeba histolytica (13,9%) e Ascaris lumbricoides (13,6%). No sexo feminino foram Entamoeba coli (24,1%), Giardia duodenalis (8,8%), Entamoeba histolytica/díspar (13,8%) e Ascaris lumbricoides (13,3%). A prevalência de protozoários (42,6%) foi maior que de helmintos (31,1%). Para a maioria dos grupos analisados não houve diferença entre o quadro clínico de diarreia e o tipo e número de enteroparasita. O poliparasitismo foi detectado em 12,8% das amostras e o monoparasitismo em 46,5%. Os grupos etários de menor idade apresentaram predomínio de infecções por protozoários
Abstract: The parasitic infections are the major public health problems, presenting an endemic form in several areas of Brazil. They may present narrow relationship with social-demographical and environmental factors, such as: social-economical precarious conditions, consumption contaminated water, deficient nutritional condition of individuals and others, being frequently the infant population the most affected. In order to investigate the prevalence of intestinal parasites in indigenous and deprived populations and the key factors involved in the epidemiology of intestinal parasites, it was realized intestinal parasitological survey in residents of two Indian reservations: Bororó Reservation/MS and Xingu Reservation/MT (Kayabí and Juruna tribes); and also in residents of two cities: Pontes e Lacerda/MT and Ibateguara/Al. The data collection was conducted from 2002 to 2009. 2,754 faeces samples were analyzed by the methods of Faust, Hoffman, Kato-Katz, Rugai, Direct and modified Ziehl-Neelsen. The study obtained personal data and social-economical parameters. It was observed the presence of 73% of intestinal parasites in the Bororó Reservation, 62.77% in the Xingu Reservation, 52.61% in the cities of Pontes e Lacerda/MS and 67.42% in the Ibateguara city. The species of most prevalence in male individuals were Entamoeba coli (22.5%), Giardia duodenalis (11.6%), Entamoeba histolytica (13.9%) and Ascaris lumbricoides (13.6%). In female individuals were Entamoeba coli (24.1%), Giardia duodenalis (8.8%), Entamoeba histolytica/ E. díspar (13.8%) and Ascaris lumbricoides (13.3%). The prevalence of protozoan (42.6%) was higher than helminths (31.1%). For most analyzed groups there was no difference between the diarrhea clinical situation and the intestinal parasite type and number. The multiple intestinal parasite was detected in 12.8% of samples and monoparasitism in 46.5%. The minor age individuals presented the preponderance of protozoan infections
Doutorado
Parasitologia
Doutor em Parasitologia