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Amirpour, Leila, Mahboubeh Dadfar, Majid Heydari Charvadeh, and Behrooz Birashk. "Reliability, Validity, and Factorial Structure of the Farsi Version of the Paranoia Checklist With Iranian Students." SAGE Open 8, no. 4 (October 2018): 215824401881712. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244018817129.
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Paranoid thought is one of the most common symptoms in psychiatric disorders. The Paranoia Checklist is a brief screening and diagnostic tool for clinical and subclinical paranoia. It has been used in research, clinical, and non-clinical settings. The Paranoia Checklist has not had its validity examined in university settings in Iran. A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the validation of the Farsi version of Paranoia Checklist in a randomized cluster sample of 365 Iranian volunteer college students selected from the Payame Noor University of Mashhad in Iran. They completed the Paranoia Checklist, the General Paranoia Scale, and the Symptom Checklist 90 Revised (SCL-90-R). The mean score of the Paranoia Checklist was 35.50 ( SD = 7.21). The Cronbach’s α for the Paranoia Checklist was .87, indicating high internal consistency. The Paranoia Checklist correlated .42 with the General Paranoia Scale, .38 with the SCL-90-R subscales of Anxiety (ANX), Hostility (HOS), and Paranoia Ideation (PAR), and .37 with the Interpersonal Sensitivity (INTS), denoting moderate construct and criterion-related validity. The results of the factor analysis of the Paranoia Checklist identified three factors associated with the paranoid thoughts. The Paranoia Checklist has a multidimensional structure, and adequate validity and reliability. It can be used in the non-clinical, clinical, and research settings to measure paranoia in Iran.
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Aalayi, Z., T. Ahmadi Gatab, S. Sadeghi Afjeh, and N. Mesbah. "Simple and multiple relations between just and unjust word beliefs with psychological state." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 864. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)72569-x.
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Introduction and objectivesThe main purpose of this research was to investigate the simple and multiple relations between just (general and global) and unjust word beliefs with psychological state.MethodTo this goal, 319 participants selected with the use of multi-stage random sampling method from the total population. Questionnaires which used in this research were: General Just Word Belief Scale, Unjust Word Belief Scale and SCL-90-R Scale were used. Pearson's correlation coefficient and stepwise regression analysis method.ResultsWere used the results showed that there is negative significant relation between general just world belief with obsessive -compulsive (OC), interpersonal sensitivity (INT), depression (DEP), hostility (HOS) and paranoia (PAR), (p < 0.05, p < 0.01). Also results showed that there is negative significant relation between global just word belief with obsessive compulsive and depression, (p < 0.05). Results also showed a positive significant relation between unjust word beliefs with paranoia (p < 0.05).ConclusionsThe results of the stepwise regression analysis, showed that only depression has a significant power for prediction of general just word beliefs and score of additional items in SCL-90-R have significant power for prediction of global just word belief. Results of regression analysis showed that interpersonal sensitivity (INE) and paranoia have significant power for prediction of unjust word belief. Finally the results showed that only paranoia has a significant power for prediction of unjust word belief. The implications of the results have been discussed.
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Husson, T., E. Zante, S. Guigueno, M. Rotharmel, S. Haouzir, O. Guillin, and S. Tran. "Syndrome de Capgras, un cas clinique illustrant le trouble de la reconnaissance affective." European Psychiatry 30, S2 (November 2015): S128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2015.09.249.
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Le syndrome de Capras (ou illusion des sosies) est un trouble de l’identification des personnes caractérisé par la conviction délirante qu’une (ou plusieurs) personne(s) proche(s) du sujet ont été remplacées par des doubles (physiquement identiques) qui le persécutent. Il s’agit du plus fréquent des délires d’identification des personnes. Le cas princeps décrit une patiente souffrant de psychose hallucinatoire chronique. La littérature montre que ce « curieux petit syndrome » est le plus souvent associé à une schizophrénie ou à une démence. Pour certains auteurs [1], il serait d’une non reconnaissance affective d’un visage physiquement reconnu.Cas cliniqueMme M. 74 ans est hospitalisée pour une recrudescence délirante d’une paranoia évoluant depuis 40 ans. Il s’agit de sa première hospitalisation en psychiatrie. À l’admission, le diagnostic est confirmé (elle présente une conviction délirante inébranlable parfaitement systématisée, de mécanisme interprétatif, de thème persécutif de thymie congruente), ayant eu des conséquences particulièrement malheureuses dans sa vie affective, professionnelle, sociale et familiale. Il est alors mis en évidence un délire de faux semblant tout à fait évocateur d’un syndrome de Capgras. Mme M. a constaté l’apparition de sosies de son époux qu’elle ne reconnaissait pas, de sa propre personne (depuis une agression – avérée – avec vol de ses papiers d’identité), et au cours de l’hospitalisation du médecin du service qui la prenait en charge. Le cas que nous présentons ici à un double intérêt. D’une part, il est décrit associé à une Paranoïa, ce qui n’est pas habituellement décrit dans la littérature, à notre connaissance. D’autre part, il répond de façon remarquable à la modélisation d’Ellis et Young.
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Braga, Vinícius De Aquino, and Isalena Santos Carvalho. "Manifestações Paranoicas na Ausência de Psicose." Revista Subjetividades 18, no. 1 (April 30, 2018): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5020/23590777.rs.v18i1.6188.
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Manifestações paranoicas podem ocorrer mesmo na ausência de psicose. A proposta deste trabalho é discutir como isso é possível. Como método de trabalho, realizamos pesquisa bibliográfica, na qual recorremos a leituras e releituras de obras de Freud e de Lacan, bem como de autores contemporâneos da Psicanálise, como Charles Melman e Marcel Czermak. Para tanto, partimos da noção de Verwerfung como mecanismo atrelado à estrutura psicótica, na medida em que o Nome-do-pai pode não ser instaurado para o falante e permanecer forcluído. Bem como tratamos também da Bejahung, a simbolização primitiva. Apresentamos a constituição do Eu como propriamente paranoica, pois possui uma base rivalitária que põe em jogo uma agressividade (nem sempre) latente, que podemos apreender nas manifestações tipicamente paranoicas que um sujeito pode apresentar, mesmo que não se possa constatar uma psicose. Trata-se de um funcionamento inerente ao próprio psiquismo e decorre do fato de que nosso eu – função imaginária – é fundado sobre uma base em que nos apreendemos primeiramente no outro. Por fim, discorremos acerca do que é a paranoia e como se manifestam fenômenos paranoicos de modo a contribuir para uma escuta na clínica para além do encerramento dos funcionamentos paranoicos somente no campo da psicose. Os mecanismos imaginários constitutivos do eu não podem ser tomados isoladamente como critério para a identificação da estrutura. Podemos encontrar situações em que manifestações paranoicas ocorrem mesmo na ausência de psicose.
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Greenburgh, Anna, Vaughan Bell, and Nichola Raihani. "Paranoia and conspiracy: group cohesion increases harmful intent attribution in the Trust Game." PeerJ 7 (August 16, 2019): e7403. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7403.
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Current theories argue that hyper-sensitisation of social threat perception is central to paranoia. Affected people often also report misperceptions of group cohesion (conspiracy) but little is known about the cognitive mechanisms underpinning this conspiracy thinking in live interactions. In a pre-registered experimental study, we used a large-scale game theory approach (N > 1,000) to test whether the social cohesion of an opposing group affects paranoid attributions in a mixed online and lab-based sample. Participants spanning the full population distribution of paranoia played as proposers in a modified Trust Game: they were allocated a bonus and chose how much money to send to a pair of responders which was quadrupled before reaching these responders. Responders decided how much to return to the proposers through the same process. Participants played in one of two conditions: against a cohesive group who communicated and arrived at a joint decision, or a non-cohesive group who made independent decisions. After the exchange, proposers rated the extent to which the responders’ decisions were driven by (i) self-interest and (ii) intent to harm. Although the true motives are ambiguous, cohesive responders were reliably rated by participants as being more strongly motivated by intent to harm, indicating that group cohesion affects social threat perception. Highly paranoid participants attributed harmful intent more strongly overall but were equally reactive to social cohesion as other participants. This suggests that paranoia involves a generally lowered threshold for social threat detection but with an intact sensitivity for cohesion-related group characteristics.
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Berrahal, I., A. Oumaya, R. Chebbi, H. Snene, and S. Gallali. "Le délire de relation des sensitifs de Kretschmer : à propos de deux cas." European Psychiatry 28, S2 (November 2013): 52–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2013.09.137.
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ObjectifsRappeler le concept du délire de relation des sensitifs de Kretschmer.MéthodologieÉtude de cas : présenter deux vignettes cliniques avec revue de la littérature.RésultatsLe délire de relation chez les personnalités sensitives (ou paranoïa sensitive de Kretschmer) est une forme dépressive de la paranoïa qui a été décrite par Kretschmer en 1919. Il est défini par le développement progressif d’idées de persécution sur un fond prémorbide sensitif (hyperémotif et hyposthénique). On ne retrouve pas, dans les personnalités qualifiées de sensitives ou sensibles, la surestime de soi ou la quérulence qui caractérisent les autres types de personnalités paranoïaques. Par contre, on y trouve l’orgueil, sens des valeurs et de la morale, vulnérabilité et tendance à intérioriser douloureusement les échecs relationnels et affectifs qu’elles rencontrent. Le délire de Kretschmer se complique généralement d’épisodes dépressifs et anxieux à consonance hypocondriaque, ce qui met à découvert les sentiments d’incapacité et d’échec. L’évolution est aussi moins souvent chronique que dans les autres paranoïas. Toutefois, même après une évolution favorable, les signes sont susceptibles de réapparaître à l’occasion d’une nouvelle déception. Le traitement des délires de relation des sensitifs est encore discuté : pour certains, l’association antidépresseur/neuroleptique s’impose. Pour d’autres, il est légitime de tenter d’abord un traitement antidépresseur seul, il est en revanche rare qu’un traitement neuroleptique seul soit efficace, notamment sur la dimension dépressive. Devant l’appauvrissement conceptuel, nous avons choisi d’illustrer ceci à partir de deux cas cliniques.
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Brennan, Teresa. "The age of paranoia." Paragraph 14, no. 1 (March 1991): 20–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/para.1991.0003.
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Nifosi, F., E. Violato, C. Pavan, L. Sifari, G. Novello, L. Guarda Nardini, D. Manfredini, M. Semenzin, L. Pavan, and M. Marini. "Psychopathology and Clinical Features in an Italian Sample of Patients with Myofascial and Temporomandibular Joint Pain: Preliminary Data." International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine 37, no. 3 (September 2007): 283–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/pm.37.3.f.
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Objective: Aim of this study was to provide data on the relationships between psychopathological variables and temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Sixty-three TMD patients were investigated using clinical and anamnestical psychiatric informations and psychopathological measures. Methods: Three groups of TMD patients were recruited according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD guidelines: a group of patients presenting myofascial pain alone (RDC/TMD axis I group I), a group with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain alone (RDC/TMD axis I group IIIa, IIIb), and a group presenting both myofascial and TMJ pain. Two secondary groups were identified on the basis of the presence/absence of myofascial pain. The study design provided a psychiatric interview and psychometric assessment including the Symptom Check List-90-Revised (SCL-90-R), the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), and the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS). Results: -Psychiatric evaluation: Myofascial pain patients had higher scores for personal psychiatric history and a history of more frequent psychotropic drug use. -HDRS and HARS: The sample presented scores indicating mild depressive symptoms and moderate anxiety symptoms. -SCL-90-R: The global sample showed acute levels of psychological distress as measured by the GSI score (Global Severity Index). Myofascial pain patients scored higher than TMJ pain patients in the GSI ( p = .028), PAR (paranoia; p = .015), PSY (psychoticism; p = .032), and HOS (hostility; p = .034) subscales. Conclusions: TMD patients showed elevated levels of depression, somatization, and anxiety. These characteristics did not differ significantly between patients with myofascial or TMJ pain. Other specific psychopathological dimensions, detected with SCL-90-R, appeared to be closely associated to the myofascial component.
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SIMONS, JON. "Postmodern paranoia? Pynchon and Jameson." Paragraph 23, no. 2 (July 2000): 207–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/para.2000.23.2.207.
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Marder, Elissa. "Freud's Fictions: Fixation, Femininity, Photography." Paragraph 40, no. 3 (November 2017): 349–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/para.2017.0239.
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This article takes off from Freud's literary use of the term ‘fixation’ to explore how female sexuality both establishes the universal foundations of Freud's metapsychology and is excluded from it via a reading of one Freud's strangest and most provocative case presentations. Like a primal word, fixation operates in contradictory fashion: it is associated both with regression and futurity, petrified immobility and contingency. Fixation is Freud's name both for the primal origin of sexuality and the very word for what shuts sexuality down. In ‘A Case of Paranoia Running Counter to the Disease’, the first case history devoted to a woman after Dora, Freud recounts his brief encounter with a woman who is brought to Freud because she is suffering from a (presumably) paranoid delusion that her would-be lover has arranged to have her photographed during their sexual engagements. On the basis of his fictionalized account of this fictive case (the woman never actually enters into treatment with him), Freud establishes a curiously suggestive link between fixation, femininity and photography, and introduces, for the first time, the notion of ‘primal phantasies’. By looking how femininity, fixation and photography come together, this article explores how and why Freud attributes quasi-photographic powers to female sexuality as a means of trying to produce a figure for unseen and un-seeable images that come from a primal and unrecoverable past.
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Tyszler, Jean-Jacques. "La lecture dissociative de la psychose au service d’une psychiatrie débarrassée du transfert." psychologie clinique, no. 47 (2019): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/psyc/201947044.
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Comment expliquer que pour tant de psychiatres et de clinicines de l’Ancien et du Nouveau monde, le diagnostic de schizophrénie soit devenu la catégorie la plus utilisée, reléguant dans l’ombre d’uatres formes de psychose ? Les DSM successifs sont en bonne part responsable d’un tel usage de la « schizophrénie » venant effacer la pertinence d’un diagnostic de paranoïa. Dans l’œuvre de Freud, la paranoïa constituait un point de repère essentiel, et Lacan a prolongé cet abord de la psychose. L’Auteur remarque que cet affadissement et cette uniformisation des diagnostics sous le primat de la schizophrénie va de pair avec l’exclusion d’une clinique rapportée aux repérages des phénomènes de transfert au profit d’un intérêt exclusif pour l’occupationnel. Il importe, néanmoins, de souligner la fécondité des recherches cliniques contemporaines, averties des thèses lacaniennes et les prolongeant, ainsi que le fait Marcel Czermak en proposant, par exemple d’examiner l es formes contemporaines de la paranoïa à l’aide de l’hypothèse de « psychose sans moi ».
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Triol, Jean. "La défense Unglauben dans la paranoïa." psychologie clinique, no. 51 (2021): 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/psyc/202151085.
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Dans la psychose la forclusion du Nom du père a essentiellement pour effet : l’absence d’identification à la personne qui fait couple sexuel avec la mère, ce qui laisse l’image moïque supportée uniquement par la jouissance d’une mère, A préalable l’absence d’unification des interdits, ce qui laisse la castration dans le Réel, comme une « divination ». Au registre du Réel le sujet répond dans le registre de la foi : à sa jouissance absolue de la Chose il répond par l'Unglauben, la non croyance. Il la rejette en bloc. Il reconstruit dans son délire, sa position passive d’objet de jouissance d’un A préalable.
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Bałaga, Magdalena. "Mr. Robot czyli powrót paranoi." Panoptikum, no. 20 (December 17, 2018): 95–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.26881/pan.2018.20.06.
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The aim of this paper is to show the functioning and the role of paranoid obsessions in television series Mr. Robot (2015-) and Thomas Pynchon’s novels. Although it seems that the novels of the American writer and the screenplay have little in common, both use a paranoid way of thinking as a creative response to societal experience.
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Tyagi, Himanshu, and William Goodison. "32 An interesting case of a stroke involving the primary auditory cortex in a patient with paranoid schizophrenia." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 91, no. 8 (July 20, 2020): e21.1-e21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2020-bnpa.49.
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IntroductionAuditory verbal hallucinations (AVH): the ‘subjective experience of hearing voices speaking in the absence of corresponding physical stimulation’ (Kompus et al 2013) are part of Schneider’s first rank symptoms. They are included in the American Psychiatric Association DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for Schizophrenia and can be difficult to treat in a proportion of patients with drug resistance in up to 25% of casesCaseOur case is a 52 year old gentleman with a background of treatment resistant schizophrenia, who presented to hospital with a right sided hemiplegia and aphasia. He was diagnosed with a left middle cerebral artery territory stroke. A post CVA MRI showed ‘an extensive mature infarct in the left middle cerebral artery territory and encompassed the left superior temporal gyrus (STG) where the primary auditory cortex (PAC) is located’. He was known to a mental health team from 1989 and had eight inpatient psychiatric admissions, under section, with thought disorder and paranoid thoughts with aggressive behaviour endangering himself and the public.Prior to the stroke he was treated with monthly Pipothiozine Depot Injections, however, these were missed post stroke; he remained untreated for his paranoid schizophrenia and no signs of distress or paranoia were identified by any of the treating staff. Due to his speech impairments, his mental state remained difficult to assess, however, in conjunction with speech and language colleagues the Neuropsychiatrist ascertained that there was no evidence of psychosis, beliefs or behaviours similar to his pre-morbid mental state.DiscussionThe human PAC is part of the temporal lobe and is the final target for afferent auditory signals. It is found bilaterally, specifically within the STG, occupying the dorsal and lateral surface of the STG and encompassing Heschl’s gyrus. There are several different hypotheses regarding the neural mechanisms behind auditory verbal hallucinations. Multiple studies have implicated the primary auditory cortex as being central to this process and functional imaging has shown the STG to be activated in patients with schizophrenia during hallucinations. The resolution of symptoms in this case supports the involvement of the PAC in AVH and could represent a target for future therapies.
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Brémaud, Nicolas. "Particularités de la paranoïa sensitive." Perspectives Psy 57, no. 3 (July 2018): 206–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ppsy/2018573206.
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L’auteur se propose de revenir sur ce délire bien particulier qu’est le délire de relation des sensitifs (ou paranoïa sensitive), isolé par Kretschmer en 1918. Si le nom de Kretschmer est assez peu cité dans la littérature, les « caractères » sensitifs mis en avant sont pourtant encore souvent repris dans la description de tableaux cliniques de certaines formes de paranoïa, et nous montrerons ainsi que ce délire est bien d’actualité. Après avoir exposé les grandes lignes de la conception kretschmérienne et donc les particularités de la paranoïa sensitive, nous proposons une courte revue de la littérature, la façon dont ce délire fut reçue dans le champ psychanalytique, et nous proposerons enfin en guise d’ouverture un regard lacanien qui permet à certains égards de rapprocher la paranoïa sensitive de la psychose dite « ordinaire ». Cette forme singulière de paranoïa se révèle bien différente du tableau classique dressé en son temps par Kraepelin, éloigné des délires systématisés et extra-ordinaires de type Schreber. Nous aurions affaire ici à des sujets décrits - avant le déclenchement du délire - comme des sujets sensibles, introvertis, timides, hyperémotifs, intériorisant les affects, réfrénant leurs pulsions, s’auto-dévalorisant, susceptibles, mal assurés dans leur relation à la sexualité, etc. Un événement, une « expérience vécue » (Erlebnis), souvent une remarque, un reproche, un regard, va déclencher le délire, comme la goutte d’eau faisant déborder le vase. Pas d’hallucination, pas de grand délire, mais un délire essentiellement de « relation », avec sentiment de persécution, sentiment surtout d’échec, d’insuffisance et d’humiliation, impression de malveillance de l’entourage, interprétations délirantes de menus faits du quotidien, ressentiment, insécurité, auto-dévalorisation. L’ensemble du tableau se situerait donc sur le plan relationnel. On peut dire de la conception de Kretschmer qu’elle rompt avec les conceptions déficitaires; en ce sens on peut la qualifier de psychodynamique. Nous verrons combien les descriptions fines qui ont été faites de ce tableau clinique sont dans le fond assez fréquemment rencontrées en pratique et qu’elles nous poussent à repenser le cadre de la paranoïa.
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Berod, Dominique. "Les incertitudes chez l'hydrologue : soigner la paranoïa par la schizophrénie." La Houille Blanche, no. 3 (June 2009): 77–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/lhb/2009030.
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Nemes, Márió Z. "Verwandlung und Paranoia: Der Fall Otto Weininger. Grenzphänomene der mimetischen Reproduktion." Paragrana 23, no. 2 (November 1, 2014): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/para-2014-0207.
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Teising, Martin. "Unsicherheit, Ursache paranoider Ängste." Paragrana 24, no. 1 (August 1, 2015): 119–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/para-2015-0011.
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AbstractSecurity and insecurity are described as results of experiences which are made in the early psychic development. The importance of interpersonal aspects during this process is underlined. The concept of the contact-barrier, used by Freud and Bion, is introduced and modified to explain the formation of a more or less secure psychic border between inside and outside. The permeability of a secure border can be regulated. The psychodynamic of paranoia is explained and will be understood as an example of psychopathological insecurity.
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Vanheule, Stijn. "From de Clérambault's Theory of Mental Automatism to Lacan's Theory of the Psychotic Structure." Psychoanalysis and History 20, no. 2 (August 2018): 205–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/pah.2018.0259.
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In 1966, in a paper on those who have influenced his work, Jacques Lacan suggested that his concept of ‘paranoid knowledge’ and his structural approach to psychoanalysis were closely linked to the work of Gaëtan Gatian de Clérambault. This article examines both of these points. Starting with an introduction to de Clérambault, focusing on his concept ‘mental automatism,’ the link between ‘mental automatism’ and ‘paranoid knowledge’ is discussed. Loyalty to Henri Claude and conflicts around theoretical and clinical issues seem to lie at the basis of Lacan's initial neglect of his conceptual indebtedness to de Clérambault. Second, the author discusses the presumed connection between mental automatism and Lacan's structural psychoanalytic theory, which Lacan did not elaborate. It is argued that from a structural perspective, mental automatism comes down to a rupture in the continuity of the signifying chain, which provokes the disappearance of the subject. Furthermore, Lacan's theory implies the hypothesis that manifestations of mental automatism are determined by a foreclosure of the Name-of-the-Father, where questions related to existence cannot be addressed in a stable way. Lacanian theory thus retained de Clérambault's notion of a rupture in mental life that lies at the basis of psychosis, but replaced his biological framework with the dimension of the subject as produced through speech.
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Irene Tucker. "Paranoid Imaginings: Wilkie Collins, the Rugeley Poisoner, and the Invisibility of Novelistic Ekphrasis." Partial Answers: Journal of Literature and the History of Ideas 8, no. 1 (2009): 147–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/pan.0.0165.
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Tobin, Robert Deam. "Fixing Freud: The Oedipus Complex in Early Twenty-First Century US American Novels." Psychoanalysis and History 13, no. 2 (July 2011): 245–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/pah.2011.0091.
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Representations of Sigmund Freud in early 21st century US American novels rely on and respond to the image of Freud that emerged from investigations by Paul Roazen (Brother Animal, 1969) and Jeffrey Moussaieff Masson (The Assault on Truth, 1984), which cast doubt on the validity of the Oedipus complex. Relying on Roazen, Brenda Webster's Vienna Triangle ( 2009 ) links Freud's oedipal thinking to paranoia and male masochism. Working with Masson, Selden Edwards's The Little Book ( 2008 ) takes Freud to task for abandoning the seduction theory in favour of the Oedipus complex. Jed Rubenfeld's The Interpretation of Murder ( 2006 ) rethinks the Oedipus complex as a projection of adults onto their children. All three novels seek to celebrate Freud's understanding of the human psyche, while shifting the focus of the oedipal structure away from the murderous and lustful child toward the adult.
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Sirois, François. "Book Review: Hystérie, Schizophrénie, Paranoïa: Chemins vers une psychiatrie psychanalytique par Jacques Chazaud." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 30, no. 3 (April 1985): 232–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674378503000320.
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Dalby, J. Thomas, and Brenda J. Duncan. "Shared Paranoid Disorder Preceded by Cannabis Abuse: Case Report." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 32, no. 1 (February 1987): 64–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674378703200113.
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A case is presented of a socially isolated married couple who developed a shared paranoid disorder preceded by their cannabis abuse with the wife initiating the delusions. After the couple were separated the wife feared that she would be killed and assaulted her child and mother. Delusions in the pair ceased quickly and a return to cohabitation did not result in relapse in the absence of cannabis abuse.
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Cedro, Artur, Andrzej Kokoszka, Agnieszka Popiel, and Władysław Narkiewicz-Jodko. "Alexithymia in Schizophrenia: An Exploratory Study." Psychological Reports 89, no. 1 (August 2001): 95–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2001.89.1.95.
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This study assessed a relationship between alexithymia and schizophrenia suggested by reports based on small samples of patients. Here, 50 outpatients with a diagnosis of paranoid schizophrenia were compared with 50 pair-matched healthy subjects. Alexithymia was measured by the Polish version of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale–20. The mean total score was significantly higher in the schizophrenia group ( M = 52.3, SD = 13.47) than in the healthy controls ( M = 45.8, SD = 11.39, p < .02). This replicates earlier findings showing that a group of patients with paranoid schizophrenia have higher scores on alexithymia scales than healthy controls. There seems a need for a comprehensive examination of relations between alexithymia and other concepts denoting pathology of affect in schizophrenia.
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Loewenberg, Peter. "Aby Warburg, the Hopi Serpent Ritual and Ludwig Binswanger." Psychoanalysis and History 19, no. 1 (April 2017): 77–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/pah.2017.0201.
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Aby Warburg was the scion of a prominent Hamburg banking house who became a distinguished European cultural and art historian. He researched the vestiges of pagan antiquity in Renaissance and Reformation art, explored the secret rituals of the Hopis in Arizona, and acutely perceived the savage anti-Semitism in German and European culture. He developed a paranoid psychosis, and was treated by Freud and Bleuler's pupil Ludwig Binswanger in his Kreuzlingen sanatorium, where we can see his existential and relational treatment at work. Warburg was released after he could present a coherent account of the Hopi ‘serpent ritual’ in a public lecture. The brutal pagan underside of European culture was not only in the high cultural artefacts he studied; it was also inside Warburg. This paper explores the interweaving of inner life with creative work and the relationships between Warburg, Binswanger and Freud.
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Toop, Carissa, Mark E. Olver, and Sandy Jung. "Forensic Assessment With the PAI in Correctional Samples: Implications for RNR." Criminal Justice and Behavior 46, no. 6 (March 10, 2019): 866–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854819834718.
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The present investigation examined Risk-Need-Responsivity (RNR) correlates of Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) scores in a sample ( N = 377) of offenders with diverse criminal histories. It was hypothesized that PAI scales with content reflective of criminogenic needs would be associated with recidivism while those indicative of major mental illness and behavioral disruption would be positively linked to responsivity variables. Several PAI scales predicted general and violent recidivism, particularly those reflective of criminogenic need. More serious profile patterns were associated with younger age, less education, lower cognitive ability, and sexual offense treatment attrition, per the responsivity principle. Finally, an exploratory factor analysis identified four PAI factors: Major Mental Illness, Extraversion, Paranoia, and Antisociality. Antisociality scores were the most predictive of general and violent recidivism. Antisociality and Major Mental Illness scores also predicted treatment attrition. Study findings suggest that the PAI can be a useful adjunct to standardized risk and need measures for RNR-informed assessment.
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Martinelli, Veronica, and Anna Carolina Lo Bianco. "Viver bem no mal: a ética psicanalítica da paternidade." Psicologia Clínica 18, no. 2 (2006): 143–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-56652006000200011.
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Tomando a ética judaico-cristã da paternidade, o artigo examina a função do pai na psicanálise por sua relação de afiliação e posterior afastamento da ética religiosa em que é fundada. Em seguida, vale-se de exemplos de casos clínicos discutidos por Freud e de comentários de Lacan sobre o pai, na neurose obsessiva e na paranóia, para estudar seu lugar não apenas na patologia, mas na instituição de um sujeito do desejo. Conclui por apontar uma ética psicanalítica da paternidade na qual o mandamento do pai instaura a cisão do sujeito e o conflito inarredável que o constitui como aquele que vive bem no mal.
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Bellet, Benjamin W., Meghan E. McDevitt-Murphy, Danielle H. Thomas, and Matthew T. Luciano. "The Utility of the Personality Assessment Inventory in the Assessment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in OEF/OIF/OND Veterans." Assessment 25, no. 8 (January 24, 2017): 1074–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073191116681627.
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We examined the use of the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) in a small sample of 47 U.S. military veterans of the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. Approximately half of the sample met criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) based on the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale. PAI profiles were compared between the PTSD and non-PTSD groups. The PTSD group had clinically significant scores (≥ 70 T) on the PAI for 5 clinical scales (anxiety, anxiety-related disorders, depression, paranoia, and schizophrenia) and 10 clinical subscales consistent with the typical symptom picture for PTSD. Effect size correlations ( r) between scales and diagnosis group membership were large ( r ≥ .5) for several scales that reflect PTSD symptoms and for the PTSD LOGIT function. In a receiver operating characteristics curve analysis, the PTSD LOGIT function and the Traumatic Stress Subscale both demonstrated good diagnostic utility (areas under the curve > .80).
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Brient, Pierrick. "Incroyance et rationalisme morbide." psychologie clinique, no. 51 (2021): 71–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/psyc/202151071.
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Nous abordons l’ouvrage de François Klein sur les « maladies mentales expérimentales » et leur traitement, témoignage exemplaire du rationalisme morbide. La causalité des maladies mentales soutenu par cet auteur, s’appuyant sur une logique tautologique d’identité, ainsi que la méthode thérapeutique qu’il propose, rendent manifeste le vécu hallucinatoire imposé, de même qu’ils nous enseignent sur le transfert dans la psychose. Les avancées de Lacan concernant l'Unglauben (incroyance) en le lieu vide de la Chose dans la paranoïa viennent également éclairer la logique d’identité au cœur de la position subjective de F. Klein, logique à entendre comme négativiste à défaut de possibilité d’usage de la négation. Tentative de négativation donc, d’un lieu d’où la jouissance n’a pas été négativé.
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Hinshelwood, R. D. "Melanie Klein and Repression: An Examination of Some Unpublished Notes of 1934." Psychoanalysis and History 8, no. 1 (January 2006): 5–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/pah.2006.8.1.5.
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Fifteen pages of unpublished Notes were found in the Melanie Klein Archives dating from early 1934, a crucial moment in Klein's development. She was at this time, 1934, moving away from child analysis, whilst also rethinking and revising her allegiance to Karl Abraham's theory of the phases of libidinal development. These Notes, entitled ‘Early Repression Mechanism’, show Klein struggling to develop what became her characteristic theories of the depressive position and the paranoid-schizoid position. Although these Notes are precursors of the paper Klein gave later to the IPA Congress in 1934, they also show the origins of the emphasis she and her followers eventually gave to ‘splitting’ rather than repression. The Notes give us an insight into the way that she worked clinically at the time. We see Klein's confidence develop as she diverged from the classical theories and technique. Her ideas were based on close attention to the detail of her clinical material, rather than attacking theoretical problems directly. The Notes show her method of struggling to her own conclusions, and they offer us a chance to grasp the roots of the subsequent controversy over Kleinian thought.
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KNOBLICH, GÜNTHER, FRANK STOTTMEISTER, and TILO KIRCHER. "Self-monitoring in patients with schizophrenia." Psychological Medicine 34, no. 8 (November 2004): 1561–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291704002454.
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Background. The present study investigated whether a failure of self-monitoring contributes to core syndromes of schizophrenia.Method. Three groups of patients with a DSM-IV diagnosis of schizophrenia (n=27), with either prominent paranoid hallucinatory or disorganization syndrome, or without these symptoms, and a matched healthy control group (n=23) drew circles on a writing pad connected to a PC monitor. Subjects were instructed to continuously monitor the relationship between their hand movements and their visual consequences. They were asked to detect gain changes in the mapping. Self-monitoring ability and the ability to automatically correct movements were assessed.Results. Patients with either paranoid-hallucinatory syndrome or formal thought disorder were selectively impaired in their ability to detect a mismatch between a self-generated movement and its consequences, but not impaired in their ability to automatically compensate for the gain change.Conclusions. These results support the claim that a failure of self-monitoring may underlie the core symptoms of schizophrenia.
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Farnikova, K., R. Obereigneru, J. Prasko, and P. Kanovsky. "Parkinson's disease and predictors of impulse control disorders in MMPI-2." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 1198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)72903-0.
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This was a case control study involving 46 patients suffering from Parkinson disease (PD); 13 with impulse control disorder (ICD) and 33 without ICD; and 56 controls. The personality traits in these groups were analyzed using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2). 46 patients with PD and 56 control group subjects were included into study. ICD were identified in 13 patients from PD group. There were higher scores than pathological threshold (65) in four domains of MMPI-2 Clinical scales: D (Depression), Pt (Psychastenia), Sc (Schizophrenia) and SI (Social introversion) in PD patients with ICD; but there were not statistical difference in any of these scales in comparison with the group of PD patients without ICD. In the case of MMPI-2 Subscales and Content scales there were higher scores than pathological threshold in eight domains of MMPI-2: SOD (Social Discomfort), PD4 (Psychopatic deviate - social alienation), PA1 (Paranoia - persecutory ideas), SC1 (Schizophrenia), PA_O (Paranoia - subtle), MA_O (Hypomania - obvious), SI1 (Syness/Self-Consciousness), SI3 (Alienation self and others) and Ho (Hostility), but there were statistical differences only in one of these domains in comparison with the PD patients without ICD: SI3 (alienation self and others). There was earlier onset of the disease and higher dose of levodopa in PD patients with ICD than in PD patients without ICD.Supported by project IGA MZ ČR NS 10301-3/2009
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Hook, Derek. "Fanon/Lacan: Sites of Intersection." Psychoanalysis and History 22, no. 3 (December 2020): 291–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/pah.2020.0351.
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Three questions motivate this paper's investigation of various intersections between the work of Frantz Fanon and Jacques Lacan. First, what hitherto under-explored references to Lacan's work are to be found in Fanon's earliest (recently translated) psychiatric work? Second, moving beyond the remit of explicit citation: what subtle conceptual parallels and affinities exist between the work of these two theorists? Third, what contemporary rearticulations of Fanon's thought and political agendas are made possible via Lacanian theory? Exploring Fanon's earliest work shows that a number of Lacanian postulates exercised an influence on the young Martinican, including, amongst others: ideas of imaginary misrecognition, the paranoiac ego, the role of the image, and the notion of a historically founded logic of madness. Reviewing the literature on Fanon–Lacan helps, furthermore, in foregrounding a series of often understated conceptual parallels between the two theorists, including the priority afforded language and speech, the question of sociogeny, the role of social (or symbolic) structure, the notions of fantasy (Fanon's ‘Negro myth’) and of a social (or trans-individual) unconscious (as in Fanon's ‘European collective unconscious’). A notable finding regards how contemporary theorists have applied Lacanian ideas in rearticulations of Fanon's thought concerning the predominance of the topic of racist temporality. There are thus greater possibilities for critical analysis to be found in conjoining Fanonian and Lacanian theory than has generally been acknowledged by Fanon scholars.
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Schröter, Michael. "Fliess Versus Weininger, Swoboda and Freud: The Plagiarism Conflict of 1906 Assessed in the Light of the Documents." Psychoanalysis and History 5, no. 2 (July 2003): 147–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/pah.2003.5.2.147.
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Der Aufsatz untersucht, zum Teil anhand bisher unbeachteter Quellen, was man über Recht oder Unrecht der Plagiatsvorwürfe sagen kann, die Fließ 1906 gegenüber Weininger, Swoboda und, im Hintergrund, Freud selbst erhob. Bei Weininger kann man feststellen, daß seine Bisexualitätstheorie durch eine indirekte Mitteilung Freuds angeregt wurde, die auf einer Fließschen Idee beruhte. Es spricht aber nichts dafür, daß er die spezifische Fassung der Theorie, in der sich Fließ plagiiert fühlte, auf diesem Weg erfahren hat. Bei Swoboda war ein Plagiatsvorwurf abwegig, weil er ausdrücklich Fließsche Gedanken (zur Periodenlehre) aufgriff, die längst veröffentlicht waren. Er hat allerdings das Ausmaß seiner Abhängigkeit von Fließ verdunkelt, während Fließ die Originalität des psychologischen (statt biologischen) Ansatzes von Swoboda verkannte. Daß Fließ die beiden sehr verschieden gelagerten Fälle parallel setzte und beide auf eine Indiskretion Freuds zurückführte, bestätigt die paranoide Konstruktion seiner Beschuldigungen. Schlußfolgerung: Die Episode taugt nicht als Musterbeleg einer feindseligen Freud-Biographik, als der sie gelegentlich aufgebaut wurde.
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White, Robert S. "Peter Pan, Wendy, and the Lost Boys: A Dead Mother Complex." Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association 69, no. 1 (February 2021): 51–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003065120988763.
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Melanie Klein and André Green offer competing descriptions of primitive mental development. The former emphasizes the need to control internal objects through splitting and projective identification, while the latter emphasizes a narcissistic retreat from objects through progressive deadening of the self. To bridge these theoretical differences a spectrum of fantasies is proposed ranging from reanimation (bringing deadness back to life) to reparation (healing damage caused by paranoid attack). Clinically, alternations between these two defensive patterns occur, acting together to avoid painful anxieties. The interplay of these defenses is illustrated by a dream drawn from clinical practice, from the life of James Barrie, and from his fictional creation Peter Pan.
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Domínguez Leiva, Antonio. "L’invasion néo-zombie." Articles 23, no. 1 (June 7, 2011): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1003583ar.
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Dans le cadre de l’esthétique contemporaine du cadavre, il est peu d’images aussi marquantes que la surenchère transmédiatique et véritablement planétaire des morts vivants. Passant des jeux vidéo à la bande dessinée et au nouveau cinéma d’horreur marqué par le traumatisme du 11 septembre 2001, les zombies envahissent aussi la littérature et la critique universitaire qui les avaient jusque-là ignorés. Fidèle au modèle romérien, cette invasion néo-zombie prolonge les grands thèmes du maître : la ville en ruines et l’anomie sociale ; la pandémie et le cannibalisme des morts ; le triomphe de l’iconographie du cadavre galvanisé ; la surenchère dans le détail gore, à la lisière de l’humour ; la paranoïa envers les appareils idéologiques d’État ; le sous-texte religieux d’un Jugement dernier sans rédemption ; enfin, la politique du mauvais goût qui fait des zombies les emblèmes d’une anti-esthétique contre-culturelle.
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Marx, Mélinda, Nelson da Silva Junior, and Jean-Luc Gaspard. "De G. Politzer et sa critique de l‘inconscient de Freud au a-réalisme de J. Lacan." Revista Latinoamericana de Psicopatologia Fundamental 24, no. 1 (March 2021): 140–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1415-4714.2021v24n1p140.8.
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En 1928, dans sa « Critique des Fondements de la Psychologie », G. Politzer esquisse les traits d’une psychologie qui vise à réformer la psychologie expérimentale universitaire. S’appuyant sur la théorie des rêves de Freud, Politzer présente une conception de la psychologie tout à fait inédite à son époque. Lacan s’inspirera de ses travaux pour sa thèse sur la paranoïa, participant d’un débat violent au sein du mouvement communiste partagé entre anti-freudisme et freudo-marxisme. En donnant une place essentielle à la parole et au récit, Politzer revendiquait une psychologie concrète. Son refus de la doctrine freudienne, selon lui tributaire de la tradition métaphysique de la psychologie, incluait aussi l’hypothèse de l’inconscient dans une sévère critique du réalisme, inclusion qui ne sera pourtant jamais accepté par Lacan qui s’y opposera avec la prémisse que l’inconscient est structuré comme un langage. Cette orientation allait en toute logique imposer un réalisme de la structure qui s’articule, à son tour, à la faille de la cause empirique.
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Stengel, Helena, Atay Vural, Anna-Michelle Brunder, Annika Heinius, Luise Appeltshauser, Bianca Fiebig, Florian Giese, et al. "Anti–pan-neurofascin IgG3 as a marker of fulminant autoimmune neuropathy." Neurology - Neuroimmunology Neuroinflammation 6, no. 5 (August 16, 2019): e603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/nxi.0000000000000603.
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ObjectiveTo identify and characterize patients with autoantibodies against different neurofascin (NF) isoforms.MethodsScreening of a large cohort of patient sera for anti-NF autoantibodies by ELISA and further characterization by cell-based assays, epitope mapping, and complement binding assays.ResultsTwo different clinical phenotypes became apparent in this study: The well-known clinical picture of subacute-onset severe sensorimotor neuropathy with tremor that is known to be associated with IgG4 autoantibodies against the paranodal isoform NF-155 was found in 2 patients. The second phenotype with a dramatic course of disease with tetraplegia and almost locked-in syndrome was associated with IgG3 autoantibodies against nodal and paranodal isoforms of NF in 3 patients. The epitope against which these autoantibodies were directed in this second phenotype was the common Ig domain found in all 3 NF isoforms. In contrast, anti–NF-155 IgG4 were directed against the NF-155–specific Fn3Fn4 domain. The description of a second phenotype of anti–NF-associated neuropathy is in line with some case reports of similar patients that were published in the last year.ConclusionsOur results indicate that anti–pan-NF-associated neuropathy differs from anti–NF-155-associated neuropathy, and epitope and subclass play a major role in the pathogenesis and severity of anti–NF-associated neuropathy and should be determined to correctly classify patients, also in respect to possible differences in therapeutic response.
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Voyer, Marie-Hélène. "Hallucinations, paranoïa, fantasme de destruction : le sujet en proie aux machinations du réel dans Le Ventre d’André Benchetrit et Le Pyromane de Thomas Kryzaniac." Études littéraires 46, no. 3 (April 11, 2017): 91–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1039383ar.
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Par l’analyse des romans Le Ventre (1995) d’André Benchetrit et Le Pyromane (2013) de Thomas Kryzaniac, l’auteure étudie les ressorts d’un certain imaginaire de la surveillance qui se déploie dans tout un pan de la littérature actuelle. Un imaginaire qui s’érige sur diverses figures de l’absence ainsi que sur les motifs de l’infection et de l’invasion. L’attention extrême aux détails, de même que diverses stratégies de mise en récit de la dissolution et de la destruction y agissent comme autant de manières de pallier les défaillances de la perception qui constituent la source même de l’illusion conspiratoire des personnages.
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Fehmi, Janev, Alexander J. Davies, Jon Walters, Timothy Lavin, Ryan Keh, Alexander M. Rossor, Tudor Munteanu, et al. "IgG1 pan-neurofascin antibodies identify a severe yet treatable neuropathy with a high mortality." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 92, no. 10 (August 16, 2021): 1089–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2021-326343.
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ObjectivesWe aimed to define the clinical and serological characteristics of pan-neurofascin antibody-positive patients.MethodsWe tested serum from patients with suspected immune-mediated neuropathies for antibodies directed against nodal/paranodal protein antigens using a live cell-based assay and solid-phase platform. The clinical and serological characteristics of antibody-positive and seronegative patients were then compared. Sera positive for pan-neurofascin were also tested against live myelinated human stem cell-derived sensory neurons for antibody binding.ResultsEight patients with IgG1-subclass antibodies directed against both isoforms of the nodal/paranodal cell adhesion molecule neurofascin were identified. All developed rapidly progressive tetraplegia. Cranial nerve deficits (100% vs 26%), autonomic dysfunction (75% vs 13%) and respiratory involvement (88% vs 14%) were more common than in seronegative patients. Four patients died despite treatment with one or more modalities of standard immunotherapy (intravenous immunoglobulin, steroids and/or plasmapheresis), whereas the four patients who later went on to receive the B cell-depleting therapy rituximab then began to show progressive functional improvements within weeks, became seronegative and ultimately became functionally independent.ConclusionsIgG1 pan-neurofascin antibodies define a very severe autoimmune neuropathy. We urgently recommend trials of targeted immunotherapy for this serologically classified patient group.
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Poliak, Sebastian, Sean Matlis, Christoph Ullmer, Steven S. Scherer, and Elior Peles. "Distinct claudins and associated PDZ proteins form different autotypic tight junctions in myelinating Schwann cells." Journal of Cell Biology 159, no. 2 (October 28, 2002): 361–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200207050.
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The apposed membranes of myelinating Schwann cells are joined by several types of junctional specializations known as autotypic or reflexive junctions. These include tight, gap, and adherens junctions, all of which are found in regions of noncompact myelin: the paranodal loops, incisures of Schmidt-Lanterman, and mesaxons. The molecular components of autotypic tight junctions have not been established. Here we report that two homologues of Discs Lost–multi PDZ domain protein (MUPP)1, and Pals-associated tight junction protein (PATJ), are differentially localized in myelinating Schwann cells and associated with different claudins. PATJ is mainly found at the paranodal loops, where it colocalized with claudin-1. MUPP1 and claudin-5 colocalized in the incisures, and the COOH-terminal region of claudin-5 interacts with MUPP1 in a PSD-95/Disc Large/zona occludens (ZO)-1 (PDZ)-dependent manner. In developing nerves, claudin-5 and MUPP1 appear together in incisures during the first postnatal week, suggesting that they coassemble during myelination. Finally, we show that the incisures also contain four other PDZ proteins that are found in epithelial tight junctions, including three membrane-associated guanylate-kinase proteins (membrane-associated guanylate-kinase inverted-2, ZO-1, and ZO-2) and the adaptor protein Par-3. The presence of these different tight junction proteins in regions of noncompact myelin may be required to maintain the intricate cytoarchitecture of myelinating Schwann cells.
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Pagonis, Thomas A., Nikiforos V. Angelopoulos, George N. Koukoulis, Christos S. Hadjichristodoulou, and Paraskevi N. Toli. "Psychiatric and hostility factors related to use of anabolic steroids in monozygotic twins." European Psychiatry 21, no. 8 (December 2006): 563–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2005.11.002.
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AbstractIntroductionAnabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) are derived by chemical manipulation of the testosterone molecule. The specified category of drugs produces anabolic, androgenic and psycho-active effects including elevated aggressive, hostile, violent and anti social behavior.ObjectiveThe objective of this case report observational study was to evaluate the possible psychological consequences of AS use in the twin user of each pair, compared with the non-user twin.MethodologyWe studied two pairs of male monozygotic twins: one pair 24 years old and the other 31 years old, with absolute genome and phenotype similarity. One of the twins of each pair used AAS while the other did not. Both pairs lived in Hellenic provincial towns and followed a common training and nutrition regime. The psychometric instruments used were the Symptoms Check List-90 (SCL-90) and the Hostility and Direction of Hostility Questionnaire (HDHQ). The psychometric evaluations took place within a time interval of 6 months.ResultsThe study found high levels of aggressiveness, hostility, anxiety and paranoid ideation in the twins who used AS. The non-user twins showed no deviation from their initial status.ConclusionThe use of AAS induced several important psychiatric changes in monozygotic twins which were not present in the twin who did not use AAS.
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Lem-Smith, Timothy. "The “Con” in Conspiracy: Racial Violence as Political Assassination in Suzan-Lori Parks’s Topdog/Underdog." MELUS 46, no. 2 (May 6, 2021): 24–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/melus/mlab017.
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Abstract This article argues that Suzan-Lori Parks’ Pulitzer-prize winning play Topdog/Underdog (1999) mobilizes a conspiracy theory concept of anti-black violence in America. The highly discursive play depicts a pair of black brothers named Lincoln and Booth as they banter, argue, and compete with each other over games of three-card monte. In the final scene of the play, the brothers fulfil the destiny inscribed in their names: Booth shoots and kills his brother Lincoln after a dispute over their meager inheritance. The play frames this final act of brutal fratricide as a form of political assassination in order to activate the rescaling that comes with a conspiracy theory lexicon: Topdog/Underdog formulates a generative and radically resistant conspiratorial conception of anti-black violence that ultimately enables a genuine confrontation with the origins and structures of racialized oppression. The play thus belongs to a lineage of works by black writers that have wielded a paranoid aesthetic in order to galvanize a revolutionary opposition to the structures of racial oppression. This tradition includes authors such as W. E. B. Du Bois, Richard Wright, and, most explicitly, John A. Williams, whose novel The Man Who Cried I Am (1967) emerges in the article as a precedent for the conspiratorial racial politics of Parks’s play. In its own interpretation of paranoid anti-racist critique, Topdog/Underdog elaborates a concept of conspiracy without intentionality whose hierarchies, despite being beyond the parameters of any single individual or collective entity’s agency, can nonetheless be undermined and, ultimately, toppled.
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Smith, Laura T. "Textuality in a Jazz Aesthetic: Textual Rituals for Transformation in Sharon Bridgforth’s love conjure/blues." MELUS 46, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 172–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/melus/mlab024.
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Abstract This article argues that Suzan-Lori Parks’ Pulitzer-prize winning play Topdog/Underdog (1999) mobilizes a conspiracy theory concept of anti-black violence in America. The highly discursive play depicts a pair of black brothers named Lincoln and Booth as they banter, argue, and compete with each other over games of three-card monte. In the final scene of the play, the brothers fulfil the destiny inscribed in their names: Booth shoots and kills his brother Lincoln after a dispute over their meager inheritance. The play frames this final act of brutal fratricide as a form of political assassination in order to activate the rescaling that comes with a conspiracy theory lexicon: Topdog/Underdog formulates a generative and radically resistant conspiratorial conception of anti-black violence that ultimately enables a genuine confrontation with the origins and structures of racialized oppression. The play thus belongs to a lineage of works by black writers that have wielded a paranoid aesthetic in order to galvanize a revolutionary opposition to the structures of racial oppression. This tradition includes authors such as W. E. B. Du Bois, Richard Wright, and, most explicitly, John A. Williams, whose novel The Man Who Cried I Am (1967) emerges in the article as a precedent for the conspiratorial racial politics of Parks’s play. In its own interpretation of paranoid anti-racist critique, Topdog/Underdog elaborates a concept of conspiracy without intentionality whose hierarchies, despite being beyond the parameters of any single individual or collective entity’s agency, can nonetheless be undermined and, ultimately, toppled.
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Amboulé Abath, Anastasie. "Laura Kipnis, Le sexe polémique : Quand la paranoïa s’empare des campus américains, Montréal, Éditions Liber 2019, 340 p. (traduction de l’anglais par Gabriel Laverdière)." Recherches féministes 33, no. 2 (2020): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1076622ar.
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Guerro-Prado, D., N. Echeverria, L. Jiménez, M. Leira, E. García-Resa, A. Ceverino, J. Barjau, J. R. Rodríguez, A. Duque, and E. Stantiford. "Fibromyalgia and psychopathology." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 1659. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73363-6.
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IntroductionFibromyalgia seems to be associated with various forms of psychopathology, particularly major affective disorders.ObjectiveTo evaluate associated psychopathology in a series of women with diagnosis of fibromyalgia.MethodsPatient inclusion from 1st March to 30th June 2010. Symptom Checklist (SCL-90-R) was used for evaluation. SPSS was used for statistical analysis of data and results.ResultsA total of 34 women voluntarily joined our study. Mean age was 52.2 years (standard deviation (SD) 7.17). 11.4% were singled, 74.3% married or unmarried couples, 8.6% were divorced, and 5.7% were widowers. 74.3% of women lived with their couple and/or children whereas 8.6% lived by their own, and 8.6% with their parents. Results obtained with SCL-90-R showed:Global Severity Index (GSI) 1.86 (Standard Deviation (SD) 0.54); Positive Symptom Distress Index (PSDI) 2.58 (SD 0.36); Positive Symptom Total (PST) 167.85 (SD 49.30); Somatization (SOM) 2.62 (SD 0.53); Obsessive-Compulsive (O-C) 2.59 (SD 0.78); Interpersonal Sensitivity (I-S) 1.50 (SD 0.86); Depression (DEP) 2.5 (SD 0.75); Anxiety (ANX) 1.75 (SD 0.74); Hostility (HOS) 1.11 (SD 0.82); Phobic Anxiety (PHOB) 1.09 (SD 0.84); Paranoid Ideation (PAR) 1.11 (SD 0.85); Psychoticism (PSY) 1.05 (SD 0.62), and other vague symptoms 2.15 (SD 0.70).ConclusionOur patients with fibromyalgia scored higher in somatization, obsession-compulsion, depression, and anxiety. In view of the results, there is an important association between fibromyalgia and various forms of psychopathology.
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Tavares Júnior, Almir Ribeiro, Renata Maria de Carvalho Cremaschi, and Fernando Morgadinho Santos Coelho. "Narcolepsy: awakening to an underestimated reality." Revista Debates em Psiquiatria Ano 7 (June 15, 2017): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.25118/2236-918x-7-3-4.
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A narcolepsia é uma doença subestimada, e o tempo para o seu diagnóstico é de cerca de 10 anos. O objetivo do presente trabalho é trazer, para os médicos – particularmente os psiquiatras – e para todos os profissionais da área da saúde, a necessária conscientização acerca da importância de se levar em conta a narcolepsia em seus pacientes na prática clínica diária. O impacto negativo da narcolepsia na qualidade de vida é significativo e comparável àquele da epilepsia ou da esquizofrenia. O diagnóstico se caracteriza pela presença de cinco sintomas cardiais: sonolência excessiva diurna; cataplexia; paralisia do sono; alucinações; e fragmentação do sono noturno. O teste de latências múltiplas do sono, após uma polissonografia basal, se presta para confirmar o diagnóstico. A associação com transtornos depressivos, bipolares e ansiosos é muito prevalente em pacientes com narcolepsia. O tratamento desses pacientes se dá com estimulantes e doses baixas de antidepressivos. Interessantemente, a retirada abrupta de antidepressivos pode gerar uma síndrome transitória assemelhada à cataplexia. Outro achado comum em pacientes com narcolepsia é o transtorno comportamental do sono REM após o uso de antidepressivos. O emprego de psicoestimulantes, usados na narcolepsia para controle da sonolência excessiva diurna, pode acompanhar-se de uma psicose paranoide, assemelhada à esquizofrenia. O diagnóstico, o tratamento e o manejo da narcolepsia associada com comorbidades representam um desafio a ser valorizado.
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Ferreira, Nuno Pinto, Carlos Farate, and Henrique Testa Vicente. "O Mito Trágico de Salvador Dalí." Interações: Sociedade e as novas modernidades, no. 37 (December 31, 2019): 108–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.31211/interacoes.n37.2019.a5.
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Este artigo propõe uma leitura crítica da autoanálise esboçada por Salvador Dalí na obra “O mito trágico do Angelus de Millet” à luz da interpretação de uma dinâmica familiar sob o primado da fantasia do infans de substituição. Sugere-se que esta narrativa, elaborada segundo o método paranoico-crítico, sobrepõe mito pessoal e ficção, alegoria omnipotente e reinterpretação delirante da saga familiar trágica, de uma díade mãe-filho permeada pela evocação histórica do “resgate” fantasmático de um irmão morto nove meses antes do seu nascimento. Foram triangulados excertos do texto sobre o Angelus, dados biográficos e aportes de Bion sobre a importância dos mitos privados na construção da identidade. Conclui-se que Dalí ensaiou a aproximação a outra dimensão do imago materno, que os outros escritos e atos autobiográficos aparentam contradizer, mais precisamente a Mãe Antígona que “enterra” o corpo do filho in statu nascendi sob o olhar cúmplice e impotente do pai. Realça-se a importância de Gala como figura da Anunciação de destino trágico-grandioso, segundo a mística bíblica do “Filho Unigénito do Pai”, solução romanceada, de cariz surrealista e delirante, para aquela que terá sido a problemática central da sua existência, a condição de criança de substituição de um Outro temido e desconhecido.
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Chen, Xia, Ping Li, Fei Wang, Guozhong Ji, Lin Miao, and Sihong You. "Psychological Results of 438 Patients with persisting Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Symptoms by Symptom Checklist 90-Revised Questionnaire." Euroasian Journal of Hepato-Gastroenterology 7, no. 2 (2017): 117–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1230.
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ABSTRACT Aims and objectives Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) affects mental state and social activities. On the contrary, mental disorders may also play a crucial role in GERD symptoms. The purpose of the study was to analyze the data of Symptom Checklist 90-Revised (SCL-90-R) questionnaire from patients with persisting GERD and to explore the impact of psychological factors on them. Materials and methods The patients accepted SCL-90-R questionnaire survey, following endoscopy, high-resolution manometry (HRM), and ambulatory impedance-pH monitoring. Based on these results, we divided patients into different groups. The result of SCL-90-R was also compared with degree of acid reflux, symptoms, symptom duration, and gender. Results The data from 438 patients were analyzed. All patients were divided into reflux esophagitis (RE; 63, 14.38%); nonerosive gastroesophageal reflux disease (NERD; 106, 24.20%); functional heartburn (FH; 123, 28.08%), hypersensitive esophagus (HE; 67, 15.29%), diffuse esophageal spasm (DES; 5: 1.14%), hypertensive (10, 3.42%); weak peristalsis (14, 3.20%); achalasia (50, 11.42%). There were significant differences between different groups regarding depression (DEP), anxiety (ANX), paranoid ideation (PAR), and psychoticism (PSY). The patients with ≥2 years with GERD presented with increased scores in DEP, ANX, and PSY. Women had dramatically higher scores than men in each domain (p < 0.05). Conclusion Data have shown that GERD patients exhibit differential levels of psychological symptoms. Long duration of GERD was related to typical plus atypical symptoms and females seem to be more prone to develop psychological disorders. How to cite this article Chen X, Li P, Wang F, Ji G, Miao L, You S. Psychological Results of 438 Patients with persisting Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Symptoms by Symptom Checklist 90-Revised Questionnaire. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2017;7(2):117-121.
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Airagnes, G. "Existe-t’il des facteurs de vulnérabilité psychologique au fait d’être victime de violence ?" European Psychiatry 29, S3 (November 2014): 627–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2014.09.124.
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Prévenir la violence est un défi planétaire impliquant des déterminants complexes et multidimensionnels. Parmi les composantes individuelles, peu d’études se sont intéressées à explorer d’éventuels facteurs de vulnérabilité psychologique chez les victimes de violence. Pourtant ces facteurs seraient potentiellement modulables ouvrant la possibilité à des stratégies de prévention et de postvention. Nous avons conduit une étude descriptive et transversale sur une période de quatre mois avec pour objectif principal de rechercher différents profils homogènes de personnalités victimogènes.Les sujets recrutés étaient tous les patients majeurs se présentant à la consultation de victimologie du service de médecine légale du CHU d’Angers de janvier 2011 à avril 2011. L’outil d’évaluation utilisé était l’Inventaire de Personnalité Multiphasique du Minnesota-2 (MMPI-2). Soixante-cinq sujets ont été inclus. Quatre groupes homogènes ont été constitués par classification ascendante hiérarchique à partir des scores aux échelles de validité et aux échelles cliniques de base du MMPI-2.Les sujets de la classe 1 traversaient un état émotionnel aigu secondaire aux violences subies. Les sujets de la classe 2 présentaient des traits marqués d’hypomanie et à moindre mesure de paranoïa, avec une prédominance d’hommes seuls, victimes d’un agresseur connu. Environ la moitié d’entre eux avaient déjà été victimes de violences. Les sujets de la classe 3 présentaient un profil de personnalité équilibré au regard du MMPI-2. Les sujets de la classe 4 présentaient des traits hypochondriaques reflétant une tendance à l’expression de plaintes somatiques pour signifier un état de détresse psychosociale, avec une prédominance de femmes vivant en couple et victimes d’un agresseur inconnu.Même si les limites de cette étude imposent d’interpréter ses résultats avec précaution, elle encourage l’exploration des facteurs de vulnérabilité psychologique des sujets des classes 2 et 4 pour discuter des stratégies de modulation potentielle de ces facteurs de vulnérabilité.