Journal articles on the topic 'Parametri geologici'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Parametri geologici.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Parametri geologici.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Admassu, Yonathan. "Digital Surface Model-aided Quantitative Geologic Rockfall Rating System (QG-RRS)." Environmental and Engineering Geoscience 25, no. 4 (November 8, 2019): 255–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/eeg-2102.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT Rockfalls are one of the most common types of slope failures that affect cut slopes along roadways in mountainous regions. The Rockfall Hazard Rating System (RHRS), started in Oregon and adopted by various U.S. states, is used to rate cut slopes with respect to their likelihood of releasing rockfalls. Existing rating systems use semi-quantitative approaches to rate geological and non-geological factors. The main geologic factors are favorability/unfavorability of orientation of discontinuities with respect to the orientation of slope faces and likelihood of differential weathering leading to undercutting of strong rock units. Digital surface models (DSMs) derived from light detection and ranging (LiDAR) and photogrammetry have been used to remotely characterize rock mass. This research introduces an expanded application of DSMs to quantify geologic factors that contribute to the likelihood of rockfall events. The method is hence referred to as the Quantitative Geologic Rockfall Rating System (QG-RRS). Four DSM-based parameters, A, B, C, and D, have been identified to evaluate geologic factors. These parameters quantify the likelihood of discontinuity orientation-controlled failures (parameter A), the degree of undercutting (parameter B), rockfall activity based on rockfall release surfaces (parameter C), and rockfall volume from rockfall voids (parameter D). This rating system, although not inclusive of other non-geological factors, appears to provide reproducible quantitative estimation of geologic factors that control rockfall generation.
2
Tague, C. L., J. S. Choate, and G. Grant. "Parameterizing sub-surface drainage with geology to improve modeling streamflow responses to climate in data limited environments." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 17, no. 1 (January 29, 2013): 341–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-341-2013.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Hydrologic models are one of the core tools used to project how water resources may change under a warming climate. These models are typically applied over a range of scales, from headwater streams to higher order rivers, and for a variety of purposes, such as evaluating changes to aquatic habitat or reservoir operation. Most hydrologic models require streamflow data to calibrate subsurface drainage parameters. In many cases, long-term gage records may not be available for calibration, particularly when assessments are focused on low-order stream reaches. Consequently, hydrologic modeling of climate change impacts is often performed in the absence of sufficient data to fully parameterize these hydrologic models. In this paper, we assess a geologic-based strategy for assigning drainage parameters. We examine the performance of this modeling strategy for the McKenzie River watershed in the US Oregon Cascades, a region where previous work has demonstrated sharp contrasts in hydrology based primarily on geological differences between the High and Western Cascades. Based on calibration and verification using existing streamflow data, we demonstrate that: (1) a set of streams ranging from 1st to 3rd order within the Western Cascade geologic region can share the same drainage parameter set, while (2) streams from the High Cascade geologic region require a different parameter set. Further, we show that a watershed comprised of a mixture of High and Western Cascade geologies can be modeled without additional calibration by transferring parameters from these distinctive High and Western Cascade end-member parameter sets. More generally, we show that by defining a set of end-member parameters that reflect different geologic classes, we can more efficiently apply a hydrologic model over a geologically complex landscape and resolve geo-climatic differences in how different watersheds are likely to respond to simple warming scenarios.
3
Hung, Yin-Chun, Chih-Ping Lin, Chin-Tan Lee, and Ko-Wei Weng. "3D and Boundary Effects on 2D Electrical Resistivity Tomography." Applied Sciences 9, no. 15 (July 24, 2019): 2963. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9152963.
Full textAbstract:
Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) is one of the most widely used geophysical methods in geological, hydrogeological, and geo-environmental investigations. Although 3D ERT is now available, 2D ERT remains state-of-the-practice due to its simplicity in fieldwork and lower space requirements. 2D ERT assumes that the ground condition is perpendicular to the survey line and outside the survey line is homogeneous. This assumption can often be violated in conditions such as geologic strikes not perpendicular to the survey line and topographic changes or buried objects near the survey line. Possible errors or artifacts in the 2D resistivity tomogram arising from violating the 2D assumption are often overlooked. This study aimed to numerically investigate the boundary effects on 2D ERT under various simplified conditions. Potential factors including resistivity contrast, depth and size of buried objects, and electrode spacing were considered for the parametric studies. The results revealed that offline geologic features may project onto the 2D tomogram to some extent, depending on the aforementioned factors. The mechanism and implications of boundary effects can be drawn from these parametric studies.
4
Evans, David G., Peter N. Schweitzer, and Martin S. Hanna. "Parametric cubic splines and geologic shape descriptions." Journal of the International Association for Mathematical Geology 17, no. 6 (August 1985): 611–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01030856.
Full text
5
Jarc, Simona. "Statistical approach to interpretation of geochemical data of stream sediment in Pleše mining area." Geologija 65, no. 2 (December 21, 2022): 225–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5474/geologija.2022.013.
Full textAbstract:
The Ba, Pb and Zn ore deposit Pleše near Ljubljana is one of the formerly productive mines. The stream sediments were sampled and analysed by XRF to establish the effect of grain size, mineralization, and downstream location of sampling sites on geochemical composition based on various statistical analyses. Statistical analyses of the geochemical data confirm the impact of mineralization. The parametric t-test, non-parametric Mann-Whitney test and cluster analysis showed only minor differences in the geochemical composition of the samples with different grain sizes (< 0.063 mm and 0.063-2 mm). The parametric and non-parametric correlation coefficients as well as cluster analysis indicate that the contents of Si, Al, K, Rb, and Fe are associated with weathered rock forming minerals such as micas, and clay minerals, whereas Nb and Zr are associated with minerals resistant to weathering. Ca and Mg are associated with carbonates. S, Ba, Sr, Pb, Zn, and Mn indicate local mineralization with sulphates and sulphides. The results of the t-test and analysis of variance, Mann-Whitney tests and Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA of the groups established by the cluster analysis confirm that the contents of Ba, Pb and Sr have a statistically significant influence on the classification of the cluster group - i.e., the influence of sediment mineralization. There are no differences in elemental contents in the sediment samples downstream. The statistical approach to evaluate the geochemical data has proven useful and provides a good basis for further interpretation.
6
Tague, C. L., J. S. Choate, and G. Grant. "Parameterizing sub-surface drainage with geology to improve modeling streamflow responses to climate in data limited environments." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 9, no. 7 (July 18, 2012): 8665–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-9-8665-2012.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Hydrologic models are one of the core tools used to project how water resources may change under a warming climate. These models are typically applied over a range of scales, from headwater streams to higher order rivers, and for a variety of purposes, such as evaluating changes to aquatic habitat or reservoir operation. Most hydrologic models require streamflow data to calibrate subsurface drainage parameters. In many cases, long-term gage records may not be available for calibration, particularly when assessments are focused on low order stream reaches. Consequently, hydrologic modeling of climate change impacts is often performed in the absence of sufficient data to fully parameterize these hydrologic models. In this paper, we assess a geologic-based strategy for assigning drainage parameters. We examine the performance of this modeling strategy for the McKenzie River watershed in the US Oregon Cascades, a region where previous work has demonstrated sharp contrasts in hydrology based primarily on geological differences between the High and Western Cascades. Based on calibration and verification using existing streamflow data, we demonstrate that: (1) a set of streams ranging from 1st to 3rd order within the Western Cascade geologic region can share the same drainage parameter set, and (2) streams from the High Cascade geologic region, however, require a distinctive parameter set. Further, we show that a watershed comprised of a mixture of High and Western Cascade geology can be modeled without additional calibration by transferring parameters from these distinctive High and Western Cascade end-member parameter sets. Using this geologically-based parameter transfer scheme, our model predictions for all watersheds capture dominant historic streamflow patterns, and are sufficiently accurate to resolve geo-climatic differences in how these different watersheds are likely to respond to simple warming scenarios.
7
Febriarta, Erik, Denni Susanto, Aditya Pandu Wicaksono, and Ajeng Larasati. "Kajian metode deterministik untuk zonasi kerawanan gerakan tanah di Labuan Bajo Nusa Tenggara Timur." Majalah Geografi Indonesia 36, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/mgi.71839.
Full textAbstract:
Abstrak Karakteristik morfologi berbukit dengan kemiringan lereng curam berpotensi atau rawan membentuk kejadian longsor (gerakan tanah). Tujuan kajian ini adalah menentukan zona kerawanan gerakan tanah dengan pendekatan spasial deterministik, yakni analisis sifat faktor kelerengan menggunakan parameter kemiringan lereng, jenis batuan, ketebalan pelapukan batuan, struktur geologi (jarak terhadap sesar), sifat geoteknik (ukuran butir), dan kegempaan regional. Selain pengukuran di lapangan, data berikut juga diperoleh dari data sekunder, yakni kemiringan lereng (konversi digital elevation model), jenis batuan, ketebalan pelapukan, dan sifat geoteknik (Pusat Survei Geologi), serta kedalaman air tanah (BAPPEDA). Struktur geologi diperoleh dari Pusat Survei Geologi dan analisis jarak menggunakan sistem informasi geografis, sedangkan intensitas hujan dari BMKG dan nilai kegempaan dari BMKG dan Badan Geologi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, daerah kajian (43,3 km2) memiliki empat zona kerawanan gerakan tanah, yakni sangat rendah (34,73%), rendah (20,98%), sedang (26,78%), dan tinggi (17,51%). Secara umum, Labuhan Bajo memiliki kerawanan gerakan tanah yang sangat rendah (34,73%). Abstract Hilly morphology with steep slopes is a factor of susceptibility to landslides (mass movements). The study was designed to determine mass movement susceptibility zones using a deterministic spatial approach by analyzing slope factors, namely slope gradient, rock type, rock weathering depth, geological structure (distance to fault), geotechnical properties (grain size), and regional seismicity. Aside from measurements in the field, these parameters were also measured from secondary data: slope gradient (conversion of digital elevation model), rock type, weathering type, geotechnical properties (PSG), and groundwater depth (BAPPEDA). In addition, geological structures were obtained from PSG and geographic information systems (distance analysis), rainfall intensity was from BMKG, and seismicity values were from BMKG and the Geological Agency. Based on the analysis results, the study area (43.3 km2) had four susceptibility zones: very low (34.73%), low (20.98%), medium (26.78%), and high (17.51%). In general, Labuan Bajo had a very low susceptibility to mass movements.
8
Li, An-Bo, Hao Chen, Xiao-Feng Du, Guo-Kai Sun, and Xian-Yu Liu. "Parametric Modeling Method for 3D Symbols of Fold Structures." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 11, no. 12 (December 13, 2022): 618. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11120618.
Full textAbstract:
Most fabrication methods for three-dimensional (3D) geological symbols are limited to two types: directly increasing the dimensionality of a 2D geological symbol or performing appropriate modeling for an actual 3D geological situation. The former can express limited vertical information and only applies to the three-dimensional symbol-making of point mineral symbols, while the latter weakens the difference between 3D symbols and 3D geological models and has several disadvantages, such as high dependence on measured data, redundant 3D symbol information, and low efficiency when displayed in a 3D scene. Generating a 3D geological symbol is represented by the process of constructing a 3D geological model. This study proposes a parametric modeling method for 3D fold symbols according to the complexity and diversity of the fold structures. The method involves: (1) obtaining the location of each cross-section in the symbol model, based on the location parameters; (2) constructing the middle cross-section, based on morphological parameters and the Bezier curve; (3) performing affine transformation according to the morphology of the hinge zone and the middle section to generate the sections at both ends of the fold; (4) generating transition sections of the 3D symbol model, based on morphing interpolation; and (5) connecting the point sets of each transition section and stitching them to obtain a 3D fold-symbol model. Case studies for different typical fold structures show that this method can eliminate excessive dependence on geological survey data in the modeling process and realize efficient, intuitive, and abstract 3D symbol modeling of fold structures based on only a few parameters. This method also applies to the 3D geological symbol modeling of faults, joints, intrusions, and other geological structures and 3D geological modeling of typical geological structures with a relatively simple spatial morphology.
9
Davydov, Vadim, and Andrei Nazarov. "Geophysical survey at the southern end of the Degtyarsky pyrite deposit." Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii Gornyi zhurnal, no. 2 (March 30, 2020): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21440/0536-1028-2020-2-37-43.
Full textAbstract:
Research aim is to study features peculiar to geophysical fields over the main geological features of the southern part of the Degtyarsky pyrite deposit at the Middle Urals. Methodology. Electromagnetic survey included symmetrical electric profiling (SEP) with ERA-MAX equipment (ERA Research and Production Enterprise, St. Petersburg) and rapid audio-magnetotelluric sounding (ATMS) with OMAR-2m wideband receiver (Institute of Geophysics UB RAS, Ekaterinburg). Magnetic survey was carried out with the help of the proton procession magnetometer GSM-19T (GEM Systems, Canada), gamma field survey was carried out with a survey meter SRP-68-01 (Electron, Zhovti Vody). Results. According to the results of observational analysis, high-quality sections of electrophysical parameters of the environment were constructed at the parametric profile together with the charts of other geophysical fields. The studies have shown significant changes of resistivity and potential fields anomalies over various geological features of the ore field. Summary. Geophysical indications of border line of the main geologic features have been determined. Excessive electrical conductivity of ore control tectonic structures and radiation anomaly have been revealed in the promises of the ore body, which can serve a prospecting criterion for a similar ore body. Geophysical results are well within the existing geological data on the Degtyarsky mine.
10
Mishra, Srikanta, Yagna Deepika Oruganti, and Joel Sminchak. "Parametric analysis of CO2 geologic sequestration in closed volumes." Environmental Geosciences 21, no. 2 (June 2014): 59–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1306/eg.03101413009.
Full text
11
Vesnaver, Aldo, Ralph Bridle, Robert Ley, and Christopher Liner. "Painting the near surface using geology, geophysics, and satellites." GEOPHYSICS 74, no. 3 (May 2009): B61—B69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.3097886.
Full textAbstract:
A smooth interpolation of a sparse uphole survey may be the main tool available for modeling the near surface in desert areas. An uphole survey does not properly define sharp, near-surface velocity changes associated with lithologic and topographic variations such as cliffs, canyons, or outcrops, which may be delineated by satellite imagery instead. We present a patchy interpolation technique to build a consistent near-surface model. The algorithm is based on [Formula: see text]-means clustering to integrate geological, geophysical, and remote-sensing information. A somewhat arbitrary aspect of the method is the choice of how many clusters are used in segregating the data. Linking this parameter to surface geologic formations may be inadequate because P- or S-wave velocities are unlikely to have a sufficiently unique correlation with geologic age and lithology. We suggest an empirical criterion: improvement in the seismic stack section achieved by processing with parameters derived by various clustering choices and data-type combinations. This approach was tested using field data from Saudi Arabia.
12
Massinai, Muh Altin, Saaduddin, and Muh Fawzy Ismullah. "KAJIAN DAERAH RAWAN GEMPA DI BULUKUMBA, SULAWESI SELATAN." JURNAL GEOCELEBES 1, no. 1 (May 2, 2017): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.20956/geocelebes.v1i1.1778.
Full textAbstract:
AbstrakKajian terhadap daerah rawan bencana kegempaan dan tsunami di Kabupaten Bulukumba dilatarbelakangi oleh kondisi struktur geologi dan geomorfologi di daerah tersebut. Keberadaan satuan batuan yang menyusun geomorfologi Bulukumba mempunyai dimensi yang berbeda-beda. Batuan tertua berumur Miosen tengah (Bedrock) berada pada pemekaran dasar laut Teluk Bone sementara batuan termuda berumur Plistosen berada pada sesar Walanae di daratan Bulukumba (Formasi Lompobattang). Hal ini menandakan sistem tektonik yang bekerja tidak selalu sama. Struktur geologi di daerah ini menyebabkan kondisi yang tidak stabil. Ketidakstabilan ini mengancam keberadaan daerah dan masyarakat Bulukumba. Metoda analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah deduksi probabilistik dengan pendekatan dedukto-hipotetiko-verifikatif..Data primer diperoleh melalui survei lapangan, sedangkan data sekunder dikumpulkan melalui penelusuran literatur kepustakaan. Analisis data menggunakan analisis statistik sederhana. Berdasarkan perhitungan parameter kewaspadaan diperoleh tingkat pengetahuan kegempaan dan tsunami masyarakat di Kecamatan Rilau Ale, Bulukumba rata-rata bernilai 5,44 berkategori sedang. Tingkat sikap rata-rata bernilai 71,19 berkategori tinggi, sedang tingkat kesiapsiagaan bernilai 49,17 berkategori kurang siap.Kata Kunci: Kegempaan, tsunami, struktur geologi, geomorfologi, analisis statistik.AbstractThis study at tsunami and earthquake of the Bulukumba region by considering the geological and geomorphological condition of the area as the background. The geomorphology of Bulukumba region is formed by various lithologies. The oldest rock of Middle Miocene is found at Teluk Bone Sea floor spreading while the newest one of the Plistocene (Lompobattang Formation) is found at Walenae fault (Bulukumba terrain). This fact indicates the existence of different tectonic system in the area. Inevitably, the geological structure causes instability at its region. The instability becomes a serious threat to the peoples of Bulukumba region. The method used for data analysis in this study is the deductive-probabilistic method with a hipothetic-verificational approch. Two method of data retrieval have been used ie, the field survey of the area (questionnaire method), and the literatures collection. The standard statistical analysis is used to test the data. The calculation of the vigilance parameter has shown that the arverage tsunami and earthquake level of students knowled in the Rilau Ale district is average 54,4 (moderate category). The level of attitude is average 71,19 (high category), while the level of preparedness is worth 49,17 (poorly prepared category).Keywords : Earthquake, Tsunami, geological structure, geomorphology, statistical
13
Davydov, Vadim A. "Geophysical research at the Revda intersection of the Serov-Mauk regional fault." Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Gornyi zhurnal 1 (March 30, 2021): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.21440/0536-1028-2021-2-64-69.
Full textAbstract:
Research aim is to study the characteristic features of geophysical fields over the main geological structures in the zone of influence of the Serov-Mauk regional fault in the Middle Urals. Methodology. Electromagnetic studies included an express version of audiomagnetotelluric sounding (AMT) with a broadband OMAR-2m receiver (Institute of Geophysics UB RAS, Ekaterinburg). Office processing is based on obtaining frequency spectra of impedance using fast Fourier transform, and their transformation into deep sections of electrophysical parameters of the medium. Magnetic prospecting was carried out using GEM GSM-19T proton magnetometer (GEM Systems, Canada). Gamma-field survey was carried out with a survey radiometer SRP-68-01 (Electron, Zhovti Vody). Results. Based on observation processing results, high-quality sections of electrical resistivity and effective longitudinal conductivity were constructed on the parametric profile, as well as graphs of magnetic and radiation fields. The studies revealed features of change in the electrophysical parameters and potential fields over various geological structures of the near-contact fault zone. Summary. The signs of the main geologic features border lines were identified by changes in physical properties. The lithological and tectonic boundaries have been identified of a complex rock assemblage adjacent to the regional fault according to the characteristic anomalies of geophysical parameters. Geophysical survey results comply with the real geological conditions of the study area.
14
Li, Yukun, Faming Zhang, Tian-Chyi Jim Yeh, Xiaolan Hou, and Menglong Dong. "Cross-Correlation Analysis of the Stability of Heterogeneous Slopes." Water 15, no. 6 (March 9, 2023): 1050. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15061050.
Full textAbstract:
Geologic material properties of hillslopes are inherently heterogeneous, with complex layering structures due to geological deposition processes. Lacking detailed sampling of the properties’ spatial distribution has led to the stochastic representation of the properties to address uncertainty in the hillslope stability evaluation. This study treats the spatial distributions of the shear strength parameters, the cohesion (c), and the internal friction angle (φ), in a synthetic two-dimensional slope as stochastic random fields characterized by their means, variances, and correlation scales. This study then evaluates the cross-correlation between these parameters and the factor of safety (FS) using unconditional Monte Carlo simulation (MCS). Different from classical sensitivity analyses, the cross-correlation analysis of FS and the stochastic parameter fields stresses the importance of the orientation of the large-scale geological layering, the correlation between the geological media’s cohesion, and the internal friction angle at the local scale on the probability and uncertainty of failure of the heterogeneous hillslope. The analysis further guides the field sampling strategy to reduce uncertainty in the slope stability analysis due to unknown heterogeneity. More importantly, it suggests the location of stability reinforcement measures. The results of this study provide cost-effective tools for geoengineers to deal with field slope stability analysis under uncertainty.
15
Li, L., K. Chen, J. Yu, J. Wang, and H. Luo. "PARAMETRIC MODELLING OF THE GEOLOGICAL CROSS SECTION FOR SHIELD TUNNEL DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION." ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences X-4/W2-2022 (October 14, 2022): 177–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-x-4-w2-2022-177-2022.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Geological information is indispensable for the design and construction of underground structures, especially for large-diameter shield tunnels. The geological cross-section is expected to be accurately and efficiently modelled to provide sufficient geological information for decision-making. However, the existing methods are usually time-consuming, and the calculation results cannot be intuitively understood by engineers. To meet this demand, this study attempts to develop a parametric modelling approach for the geological cross-section of tunnelling construction. The proposed approach consisted of four steps. In the first step, the borehole records from the geological investigation are converted into the DataFrame format. Then, each point is assigned a soil type label and soil property parameter to form a data framework. In the third step, the cross-section is generated in mesh type and divided into two parts. Finally, the mesh models are rendered to visualize the stratum sequence and soil property distribution. The proposed approach is applied to Lianghu tunnelling construction in Wuhan, China, for verification. The results show that the 11 geological cross-sections with ground water surfaces can be automatically modelled within 25 seconds, including stratum sequence identification and ground pressure calculation. The calculation results could be successively used in the tunnel structural analysis. Therefore, the proposed approach potentially promotes a data-driven technology for underground engineering construction.
16
Subarsyah, Subarsyah, and Yulinar Firdaus. "PERBAIKAN CITRA PENAMPANG SEISMIK MENGGUNAKAN METODE COMMON REFLECTION SURFACE : APLIKASI TERHADAP DATA SEISMIK PERAIRAN WAIGEO." JURNAL GEOLOGI KELAUTAN 13, no. 2 (February 16, 2016): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.32693/jgk.13.2.2015.267.
Full textAbstract:
Kenampakan struktur geologi dan kontinuitas reflektor pada penampang seismik seringkali tidak teridentifikasi ketika data seismik di stack menggunakan metode stacking konvensional, terutama untuk data dengan jumlah fold coverage yang kecil. Data seismik Puslitbang Geologi Kelautan yang diperoleh pada Mei 2015, di Perairan Timur Pulau Waigeo, memiliki fold coverage yang relatif rendah sekitar 20. Untuk meningkatkan kualitas penampang seismik pada data ini perlu diterapkan metode Common Reflection Surface(CRS) sehingga interpretasi struktur geologi lebih mudah dan kontinuitas reflektor lebih baik. Metode ini diaplikasikan terhadap data seismik lintasan 6 dan 37. Penerapan metode CRS memberikan perbaikan pada citra penampang seismik terutama pada bagian basement akustik dan kontinuitas reflektor. Metode ini memberikan citra penampang seismik yang relatif lebih baik dibandingkan metode stacking konvensional karena metode CRS melibatkan trace seismik dari CDP di sekitarnya sesuai dengan besar parameter aperturnya. Kata kunci CRS Stack, CRS Attribut dan Paraxial Geological structure and reflector continuity on seismic section are often not clearly identified when the seismic data stacked use conventional stacking, especially seismic data with small fold coverage. Seismics data of Puslitbang Geologi Kelautan, that have been acquired on Mei 2015,in eastern part of Waigeo Island, have small number of fold coverage about 20. To enhance quality of seismic section on this data, it is necessary to apply Common Reflection Surface (CRS) method, in order to make geological structure interpretation easier dan better reflector continuity. This method applied to seismic data line 6 and 37. This application gives enhancement to seismic section especially at acoustic basement and reflector continuity. CRS method gives better seismic section than conventional stacking due to stacking process that involve seismic trace around the CDP along its aperture size. Keywords: CRS Stack, CRS Attribut and Paraxial
17
Hannisdal, B. "Non-parametric inference of causal interactions from geological records." American Journal of Science 311, no. 4 (April 1, 2011): 315–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2475/04.2011.02.
Full text
18
Madusila, Ratna Sari, Intan Noviantari Manyoe, and Cindi Claudia Male. "Analisis Parameter Gempabumi Dengan Struktur Geologi Di Daerah Asparaga, Gorontalo." Jambura Geoscience Review 3, no. 1 (January 19, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.34312/jgeosrev.v3i1.8462.
Full textAbstract:
Gorontalo is an area located in the North Arm of Sulawesi which has a complex geological structure as a result of the submergence of the Sulawesi Sea and East Sangihe so that this area is considered an earthquake-prone area. The existence of the regional structure and the mapping of the earthquake point distribution is interesting to be studied more deeply because it affects seismic activity in the area. The purpose of this study is to analyze earthquakes in the Asparaga area based on their depth and magnitude and to relate them to the geological structures found in the study area. The earthquake data used were obtained from USGS. Satellite image data used is the SRTM satellite image. Earthquake data is mapped to produce depth maps, magnitude maps, and earthquake zoning maps. Lineament data were processed using a rosette diagram. Lineament can reflect the morphology observed on the earth's surface as a result of the activity of geological forces. The results showed that the Asparaga area had shallow earthquake depths and moderate to large magnitudes. The focus of the earthquake was right on the path traversed by the geological structure and its relatively northwest-southeast direction. The geological structure in the research location is the epicenter of the earthquake because it is crossed by regional geological structures.
19
von Harten, Jan, Miguel de la Varga, Michael Hillier, and Florian Wellmann. "Informed Local Smoothing in 3D Implicit Geological Modeling." Minerals 11, no. 11 (November 18, 2021): 1281. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11111281.
Full textAbstract:
Geological models are commonly used to represent geological structures in 3D space. A wide range of methods exists to create these models, with much scientific work focusing recently on implicit representation methods, which perform an interpolation of a three-dimensional field where the relevant boundaries are then isosurfaces in this field. However, this method has well-known problems with inhomogeneous data distributions: if regions with densely sampled data points exist, modeling artifacts are common. We present here an approach to overcome this deficiency through a combination of an implicit interpolation algorithm with a local smoothing approach. The approach is based on the concepts of nugget effect and filtered kriging known from conventional geostatistics. It reduces the impact of regularly occurring modeling artifacts that result from data uncertainty and data configuration and additionally aims to improve model robustness for scale-dependent fit-for-purpose modeling. Local smoothing can either be manually adjusted, inferred from quantified uncertainties associated with input data or derived automatically from data configuration. The application for different datasets with varying configuration and noise is presented for a low complexity geologic model. The results show that the approach enables a reduction of artifacts, but may require a careful choice of parameter settings for very inhomogeneous data sets.
20
Fulton, R. J. "Surficial geology mapping at the Geological Survey of Canada: its evolution to meet Canada's changing needs." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 30, no. 2 (February 1, 1993): 232–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e93-020.
Full textAbstract:
The Geological Survey of Canada has been making surficial geology observations since it was founded in 1842. In addition to geological interest, early surficial geology information was gathered to aid in agriculture, forestry, hydrogeology, and engineering. The first regional surficial geology map was published in 1863, and since the early 1880's systematic surficial geology mapping has been a facet of the Survey's work.The first surficial geology specialist, R. Chalmers, worked for the Geological Survey during the last two decades of the nineteenth century. From then until 1930, when an official surficial geology unit was established, the Survey always had at least one surficial geologist on staff. From 1930 until 1960 groundwater-related studies were a major focus of surficial geology work. From 1950 to 1970 surficial geology mapping efforts were expanded to meet the demands generated by a booming economy. Since 1970 in addition to traditional uses, surficial geology information has been adapted to locating orebodies and evaluating environmental impacts.Early map legends presented surficial materials as stratigraphic units, or in terms of genesis and texture with little description or explanation. By the 1930's, the legend had evolved into a brief descriptive paragraph similar to that used on many Geological Survey of Canada maps today. With demands of the 1970's and 1980's for detailed descriptive information, especially to aid in assessing environmental impacts, new parameter legends were developed and extensive descriptive tables attached to maps. The current challenge is to adapt surficial geology mapping to the world of the geographic information system.
21
Wei, Xin-Jiang, Xiao Wang, Gang Wei, Cheng-Wei Zhu, and Yu Shi. "Prediction of Jacking Force in Vertical Tunneling Projects Based on Neuro-Genetic Models." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 1 (January 12, 2021): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9010071.
Full textAbstract:
The vertical tunneling method is an emerging technique to build sewage inlets or outlets in constructed horizontal tunnels. The jacking force used to drive the standpipes upward is an essential factor during the construction process. This study aims to predict the jacking forces during the vertical tunneling construction process through two intelligence systems, namely, artificial neural networks (ANNs) and hybrid genetic algorithm optimized ANNs (GA-ANNs). In this paper, the Beihai hydraulic tunnel constructed by the vertical tunneling method in China is introduced, and the direct shear tests have been conducted. A database composed of 546 datasets with ten inputs and one output was prepared. The effective parameters are classified into three categories, including tunnel geometry factors, the geological factor, and jacking operation factors. These factors are considered as input parameters. The tunnel geometry factors include the jacking distance, the thickness of overlaying soil, and the height of overlaying water; the geological factor refers to the geological conditions; and the jacking operation factors consist of the dead weight of standpipes, effective overburden soil pressure, effective lateral soil pressure, average jacking speed, construction hours, and soil weakening measure. The output parameter, on the other hand, refers to the jacking force. Performance indices, including the coefficient of determination (R2), root mean square error (RMSE), and the absolute value of relative error (RE), are computed to compare the performance of the ANN models and the GA-ANN models. Comparison results show that the GA-ANN models perform better than the ANN model, especially on the RMSE values. Finally, parametric sensitivity analysis between the input parameters and output parameter is conducted, reaching the result that the height of overlaying water, the average jacking speed, and the geological condition are the most effective input parameters on the jacking force in this study.
22
Antosiewicsz, Magdalena. "PARAMETRIC ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN IN GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING BASED ON OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM." Geological Behavior 3, no. 2 (January 8, 2019): 25–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/gbr.02.2019.25.28.
Full text
23
Chan, Shing, and Ahmed H. Elsheikh. "Parametric generation of conditional geological realizations using generative neural networks." Computational Geosciences 23, no. 5 (July 13, 2019): 925–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10596-019-09850-7.
Full text
24
Martin, Kyle. "NWSRFS CALIBRATION PARAMETER SELECTION AND GEOLOGIC REASONING: PACIFIC NORTHWEST CASES1." JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association 38, no. 5 (October 2002): 1349–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2002.tb04351.x.
Full text
25
Idris Augie, Abdulrahaman, A. Adamu, K. A. Salako, A. Alkali, A. M. Narimi, M. N. Yahaya, and A. A. Sani. "ASSESMENT FOR GOLD MINERALISATION POTENTIAL OVER ANKA SCHIST BELTS NW NIGERIA, USING AEROMAGNETIC DATA." FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 5, no. 4 (January 28, 2022): 235–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2021-0504-810.
Full textAbstract:
High resolution aeromagnetic data combined with the geological settings of the study area were employed in delineating the structures that may host the gold mineral within the middle parts of Anka schist belts. These data were analysed, processed and interpreted using; reduction to magnetic equator (RTE), first and second vertical derivatives (FVD & SVD), geologic contact, analytic signal (AS), centre for exploration targeting (CET) and source parameter imaging (SPI) techniques. RTE technique was applied to prevent North-South signal in the data from dominating the results, due to the area falls under the low latitude. FVD and SVD maps shows major NE trend of the structures within study area. CET map revealed the regions with linear structures (lineament) which were trending South-Eastern regions of the study area. Geologic contact map has highlighted high density of structural contacts combined with junctions and intersections of different structures found within the area. AS map enhanced the variation in the magnetisation of the magnetic sources and also indicates the boundaries of anomaly texture. These techniques have revealed the regions that may host gold mineralisation potential areas to be; northern parts of Bukkuyum, Anka, Maru, Sakaba, Mariga, southern part of Wasagu/Danko. Most of the structures (lineaments) found within areas were associated with the vein of the mineralisation potential which plays important role in determine a gold mineral. Results from these techniques also correlated
26
Pollard, David, Won Chang, Murali Haran, Patrick Applegate, and Robert DeConto. "Large ensemble modeling of the last deglacial retreat of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet: comparison of simple and advanced statistical techniques." Geoscientific Model Development 9, no. 5 (May 4, 2016): 1697–723. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-1697-2016.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. A 3-D hybrid ice-sheet model is applied to the last deglacial retreat of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet over the last ∼ 20 000 yr. A large ensemble of 625 model runs is used to calibrate the model to modern and geologic data, including reconstructed grounding lines, relative sea-level records, elevation–age data and uplift rates, with an aggregate score computed for each run that measures overall model–data misfit. Two types of statistical methods are used to analyze the large-ensemble results: simple averaging weighted by the aggregate score, and more advanced Bayesian techniques involving Gaussian process-based emulation and calibration, and Markov chain Monte Carlo. The analyses provide sea-level-rise envelopes with well-defined parametric uncertainty bounds, but the simple averaging method only provides robust results with full-factorial parameter sampling in the large ensemble. Results for best-fit parameter ranges and envelopes of equivalent sea-level rise with the simple averaging method agree well with the more advanced techniques. Best-fit parameter ranges confirm earlier values expected from prior model tuning, including large basal sliding coefficients on modern ocean beds.
27
Volozh, Yu A., G. N. Gogonenkov, I. S. Guliev, A. N. Dmitrievsky, B. M. Kuandykov, N. V. Miletenko, O. V. Petrov, and M. A. Fedonkin. "Geological Aspects of Energy and Environmental-Safety Problems in the Caspian Region." Russian Geology and Geophysics 63, no. 3 (March 1, 2022): 255–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/rgg20214358.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract — The paper considers the geologic structure of the region and the current problems and prospects for the development of its energy potential and environmental safety. We provide grounds for the necessity of integrated projects aimed at studying the deep structure of the Caspian region as a single object by its five coastal states: Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Russia, and Turkmenistan. The proposed Geokhazar project is aimed at obtaining the lacking parametric geological and geophysical information about the deep subsurface structure of the water area of a sedimentary basin in the unique intracontinental catchment of the Earth. The project provides for the development of a universal prospecting concept taking into account the emplacement and conservation of hydrocarbon fields under severe thermobaric conditions at great depths and the absence of regionally consistent drainage systems; the determination of the factors influencing the nature of long- and medium-frequency eustatic fluctuations in the Caspian Sea level; and the assessment of the energy (geothermal and hydrocarbon) resources of the deep subsurface in the Caspian, cis-Caucasian–Mangyshlak, and South Caspian oil and gas provinces.
28
LAING, BRITTANY A., LUIS A. BUATOIS, M. GABRIELA MÁNGANO, NICHOLAS J. MINTER, LUKE C. STROTZ, GUY M. NARBONNE, and GLENN A. BROCK. "BIOTURBATORS AS ECOSYSTEM ENGINEERS: ASSESSING CURRENT MODELS." PALAIOS 37, no. 12 (December 29, 2022): 718–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2110/palo.2022.012.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT Bioturbating organisms can dramatically alter the physical, chemical, and hydrological properties of the sediment and promote or hinder microbial growth. They are a classic example of “ecosystem engineers” as they alter the availability of resources to other species. Multiple evolutionary hypotheses evoke bioturbation as a possible driver for historical ecological change. To test these hypotheses, researchers need reliable and reproducible methods for estimating the impact of bioturbation in ancient environments. Early efforts to record and compare this impact through geologic time focused on the degree of bioturbation (e.g., bioturbation indices), the depth of bioturbation (e.g., bioturbation depth), or the structure of the infaunal community (e.g., tiering, ecospace utilization). Models which combine several parameters (e.g., functional groups, tier, motility, sediment interaction style) have been proposed and applied across the geological timescale in recent years. Here, we review all models that characterize the impact of bioturbators on the sedimentary environment (i.e., ‘ecosystem engineering'), in both modern and fossil sediments, and propose several questions. What are the assumptions of each approach? Are the current models appropriate for the metrics they wish to measure? Are they robust and reproducible? Our review highlights the nature of the sedimentary environment as an important parameter when characterizing ecosystem engineering intensity and outlines considerations for a best-practice model to measure the impact of bioturbation in geological datasets.
29
Cramer, Chris H., Mark D. Petersen, and Michael S. Reichle. "A Monte Carlo approach in estimating uncertainty for a seismic hazard assessment of Los Angeles, Ventura, and Orange counties, California." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 86, no. 6 (December 1, 1996): 1681–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/bssa0860061681.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Maps of uncertainty and parametric sensitivity in ground motion have been produced for three southern California counties using a Monte Carlo approach. The uncertainty in hazard is estimated by random sampling a logic tree that has the uncertainty in most parameters described by a normal distribution. The nine parameters varied in the uncertainty analysis are those related to the estimation of recurrence rates for earthquakes on faults using geologic information, the ground-motion attenuation relations, the relations available for estimating the magnitude-frequency distribution of earthquakes on faults, and the inclusion or exclusion of blind thrusts in the Los Angeles area. Besides simultaneously varying all nine parameters for a Monte Carlo series of runs to obtain the overall uncertainty in ground motion for a fixed annual probability, each of the nine parameters were varied separately while the others were held fixed to determine the sensitivity of each parameter on this uncertainty. The total uncertainty in shaking levels corresponding to a fixed annual probability is up to ±50% at the 95% confidence level. The parameters that most influence the uncertainty in the hazard estimates from geologic information are (1) maximum magnitude, (2) choice of attenuation relations, (3) the magnitude-frequency distribution, and (4) slip rate.
30
Pollard, D., W. Chang, M. Haran, P. Applegate, and R. DeConto. "Large ensemble modeling of last deglacial retreat of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet: comparison of simple and advanced statistical techniques." Geoscientific Model Development Discussions 8, no. 11 (November 12, 2015): 9925–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmdd-8-9925-2015.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. A 3-D hybrid ice-sheet model is applied to the last deglacial retreat of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet over the last ~ 20 000 years. A large ensemble of 625 model runs is used to calibrate the model to modern and geologic data, including reconstructed grounding lines, relative sea-level records, elevation-age data and uplift rates, with an aggregate score computed for each run that measures overall model-data misfit. Two types of statistical methods are used to analyze the large-ensemble results: simple averaging weighted by the aggregate score, and more advanced Bayesian techniques involving Gaussian process-based emulation and calibration, and Markov chain Monte Carlo. Results for best-fit parameter ranges and envelopes of equivalent sea-level rise with the simple averaging method agree quite well with the more advanced techniques, but only for a large ensemble with full factorial parameter sampling. Best-fit parameter ranges confirm earlier values expected from prior model tuning, including large basal sliding coefficients on modern ocean beds. Each run is extended 5000 years into the "future" with idealized ramped climate warming. In the majority of runs with reasonable scores, this produces grounding-line retreat deep into the West Antarctic interior, and the analysis provides sea-level-rise envelopes with well defined parametric uncertainty bounds.
31
Zhu, Liang-feng, Ming-jiang Li, Chang-ling Li, Jian-ga Shang, Guo-liang Chen, Bing Zhang, and Xi-feng Wang. "Coupled modeling between geological structure fields and property parameter fields in 3D engineering geological space." Engineering Geology 167 (December 2013): 105–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2013.10.016.
Full text
32
He, X., T. O. Sonnenborg, F. Jørgensen, A. S. Høyer, R. R. Møller, and K. H. Jensen. "Analyzing the effects of geological and parameter uncertainty on prediction of groundwater head and travel time." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 17, no. 8 (August 16, 2013): 3245–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-3245-2013.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Uncertainty of groundwater model predictions has in the past mostly been related to uncertainty in the hydraulic parameters, whereas uncertainty in the geological structure has not been considered to the same extent. Recent developments in theoretical methods for quantifying geological uncertainty have made it possible to consider this factor in groundwater modeling. In this study we have applied the multiple-point geostatistical method (MPS) integrated in the Stanford Geostatistical Modeling Software (SGeMS) for exploring the impact of geological uncertainty on groundwater flow patterns for a site in Denmark. Realizations from the geostatistical model were used as input to a groundwater model developed from Modular three-dimensional finite-difference ground-water model (MODFLOW) within the Groundwater Modeling System (GMS) modeling environment. The uncertainty analysis was carried out in three scenarios involving simulation of groundwater head distribution and travel time. The first scenario implied 100 stochastic geological models all assigning the same hydraulic parameters for the same geological units. In the second scenario the same 100 geological models were subjected to model optimization, where the hydraulic parameters for each of them were estimated by calibration against observations of hydraulic head and stream discharge. In the third scenario each geological model was run with 216 randomized sets of parameters. The analysis documented that the uncertainty on the conceptual geological model was as significant as the uncertainty related to the embedded hydraulic parameters.
33
He, X., T. O. Sonnenborg, F. Jørgensen, A. S. Høyer, R. Roende Møller, and K. H. Jensen. "Analyzing the effects of geological and parameter uncertainty on prediction of groundwater head and travel time." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 10, no. 3 (March 6, 2013): 2789–833. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-10-2789-2013.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Uncertainty of groundwater model predictions has in the past mostly been related to uncertainty in the hydraulic parameters whereas uncertainty in the geological structure has not been considered to the same extent. Recent developments in theoretical methods for quantifying geological uncertainty have made it possible to consider this factor in groundwater modeling. In this study we have applied the multiple-point geostatistical method (MPS) integrated in the Stanford Geostatistical Modeling Software (SGeMS) for exploring the impact of geological uncertainty on groundwater flow patterns for a site in Denmark. Realizations from the geostatistical model were used as input to a groundwater model developed from MODFLOW within the GMS modeling environment. The uncertainty analysis was carried out in three scenarios involving simulation of groundwater head distribution and groundwater age. The first scenario implied 100 stochastic geological models all assigning the same hydraulic parameters for the same geological units. In the second scenario the same 100 geological models were subjected to model optimization where the hydraulic parameters for each of them were estimated by calibration against observations of hydraulic head and stream discharge. In the third scenario each geological model was run with 216 randomized set of parameters. The analysis documented that the uncertainty on the conceptual geological model was as significant as the uncertainty related to the embedded hydraulic parameters.
34
Ovseychuk, V. "CLASSIFICATION OF ORE FORMATIONS OF STRELTSOVSKY TYPE URANIUM DEPOSITS." TRANSBAIKAL STATE UNIVERSITY JOURNAL 27, no. 8 (2021): 35–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21209/2227-9245-2021-27-8-35-47.
Full textAbstract:
Based on the results of geological exploration and operational work on the uranium deposits of the Streltsovsky ore field, extensive material on their geological structure has been obtained. This material served as the basis for the analysis of the ore situation in deposits belonging to the hydrothermal type [2; 5]. The deposits are confined to the subsidence caldera and have similar mining and geological characteristics. The use of systems approach during the analysis of the received information has allowed to discharge three bunches of criterions of classification of ore objects: geologic, mining-and-geological and quality. The structural and morphological characteristics of ore formations, elements of their occurrence are classified as geological [3]. As mining and geological features, the following are considered: fracturing of rocks and ores, strength coefficient, stability, average power, variability of ore contours, complexity of ore objects. The qualitative characteristics include the content of uranium in ores, the share of metal reserves in technological grades of ores. In the course of research, the relationships between various classification features that can be expressed by mathematical formulas are obtained. Knowing the quantitative characteristics of ore formations, it is possible to predict the parameters of ore bodies, the use of various geotechnologies for the development of these ore objects. The analysis of all combination of performances hydrothermal uranium ores of the deposits Streltsovsky allows to divide all variety of ore educations into three types: I - powerful, II - medium power, III - low power. The combination of personal performances, inherent in each phylum, enables to justify original technologies of mining for each type of ore educations. Is established, that defining performances of classification of ore educations is the value of a mean power, thus character the convergence of reserves of ore on classes of power for each type is original, mean contents of uranium in ore object and character of convergence of reserves of metal in each class of the contents. Auxiliary performances of ore educations are a parameter of variability of an ore circuit, quotient of complication of ore body, quotient of dispersion of ore bodies in reservoir, the ore circuits1 confirmability from a section to a section. In practical and methodological terms, the proposed classification of ore objects makes it possible: to make a forecast of the development conditions at the stage of geological exploration; to use the regularities and characteristics inherent in each type of ore formations individually when justifying technical solutions
35
Kurovets, Ihor, Ihor Hrytsyk, Oleksandr Prykhodko, Pavlo Chepusenko, Zoryana Kucher, Stepan Mykhalchuk, Svitlana Melnychuk, Yulia Lysak, and Lyudmyla Petelko. "Petrophysical models of deposits of the Menilite suite of the Oligocene flysh of the Carpathians and the Precarpathian deep." Geology and Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals 3-4, no. 185-186 (2021): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ggcm2021.03-04.033.
Full textAbstract:
Petrophysical and collecting properties of the reservoir rocks of low-porous, low-permeable deposits of the Menilite suite of the Oligocene flysh of the Carpathians and the Precarpathian deep were studied as well as their interconnections and interactions under normal conditions and in conditions that simulated the formation conditions, and their typical geological-geophysical cross-sections were constructed. Creation of identical petrophysical models of reservoir rocks was based on the system integrated approach with which the reservoir rock is considered as a system formed in the geological time and consists of interconnected and interacted elements. Petrophysical investigation of the reservoir rocks as the system includes the studies of the characteristics of their elements, the character of interconnections between them taking the conditions of their occurrence into consideration. On the basis of statistical processing and analysis of the results of laboratory studies of core material, the parametric petrophysical models of “core-core”-type were constructed: statistical dependences between porosity factor, permeability factor, water-saturation, specific weight, parameter of porosity, interval time for arriving acoustic waves and parameter of oil-saturation for atmospheric conditions and effective pressures being comparable to formational ones. Using the method of basic components of factor analysis it was possible to study the influence of geological factors upon geophysical parameters of the reservoir rocks in terrigenous sections and the informative value of geophysical methods while singling-out producing seams in the geological section. Oil- and gas-saturation of the reservoir rocks, their mineralogical composition and porosity of the reservoir rocks have the most influence on the indications of geophysical methods in the boreholes, somewhat lesser: a depth of their occurrence and the thickness of the seams. Producing and water-bearing beds differ in the value of electrical resistance most of all. The influence of lithogeodynamic factors upon the collecting and physical properties of the reservoir rocks was studied. The main geological factors that determine collecting parameters of terrigenous rocks and their physical properties are the following: a mineral composition, a shape, a size of fragmental grains and pores and their mutual position, a type of fluid-saturation, a rate of catagenetic transformations and a thermodynamic state.
36
Terzaghi, Sergei. "The Importance of Understanding Site Geologic History in Geotechnical Parameter Selection." GEOSTRATA Magazine 26, no. 2 (April 2022): 18–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/geosek.0000405.
Full text
37
Serianz, Luka, Nina Rman, and Mihael Brenčič. "Step-drawdown tests in exploitation wells for thermal and mineral water – Case study from Slovenia." Geologija 63, no. 2 (December 7, 2020): 281–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5474/geologija.2020.021.
Full textAbstract:
A comparative analysis of step-drawdown tests was performed in order to estimate the well performance in Slovenian thermal and mineral water wells. Tests were performed in 30 wells, each having its own maximum production rate determined in the concession decrees. The main focus of well performance analysis, using graphical analysis of the Jacob approximate equation, was to estimate the adequacy of the wells production rate as well as to identify possible changes in the technical status of the wells over years. 5 of total 30 wells were not included in the analysis due to technical issues during test performance. Well performance analysis includes the calculation of nonlinear well losses related to turbulent flow and linear head loss (aquifer and well) assumed to be related to laminar flow. Results indicate that the ratios between nonlinear well losses and linear head (well and aquifer) losses, in this paper referred as laminar losses, are from 6.9 % to 97.4 %. Laminar losses parameter suggests, all investigated wells were classified with either good (11 wells), medium (7 wells) or poor (7 wells) performance. The addressed analysis represents a very important basis for further thermal and mineral water extraction, e.g. optimizing the maximum allowed production rate as granted in concession decrees and diagnose potential changes in the technical status of each well
38
FIFER BIZJAK, Karmen, and Rok VEZOČNIK. "Prediction of the peak shear strength of the rock joints with artificial neural networks." Geologija 65, no. 2 (November 18, 2022): 149–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5474/geologija.2022.009.
Full textAbstract:
With the development of computer technology, artificial neural networks are becoming increasingly useful in the field of engineering geology and geotechnics. With artificial neural networks, the geomechanical properties of rocks or their behaviour could be predicted under different stress conditions. Slope failures or underground excavations in rocks mostly occurred through joints, which are essential for the stability of geotechnical structures. This is why the peak shear strength of a rock joint is the most important parameter for a rock mass stability. Testing of the shear characteristics of joints is often time consuming and suitable specimens for testing are difficult to obtain during the research phase. The roughness of the joint surface, tensile strength and vertical load have a great influence on the peak shear strength of the rock joint. In the presented paper, the surface roughness of joints was measured with a photogrammetric scanner, and the peak shear strength was determined by the Robertson direct shear test. Based on six input characteristics of the rock joints, the artificial neural network, using a backpropagation learning algorithm, successfully learned to predict the peak shear strength of the rock joint. The trained artificial neural network predicted the peak shear strength for similar lithological and geological conditions with average estimation error of 6 %. The results of the calculation with artificial neural networks were compared with the Grasselli experimental model, which showed a higher error in comparison with the artificial neural network model.
39
Scalzo, Richard, Mark Lindsay, Mark Jessell, Guillaume Pirot, Jeremie Giraud, Edward Cripps, and Sally Cripps. "Blockworlds 0.1.0: a demonstration of anti-aliased geophysics for probabilistic inversions of implicit and kinematic geological models." Geoscientific Model Development 15, no. 9 (May 9, 2022): 3641–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-3641-2022.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Parametric geological models such as implicit or kinematic models provide low-dimensional, interpretable representations of 3-D geological structures. Combining these models with geophysical data in a probabilistic joint inversion framework provides an opportunity to directly quantify uncertainty in geological interpretations. For best results, care must be taken with the intermediate step of rendering parametric geology in a finite-resolution discrete basis for the geophysical calculation. Calculating geophysics from naively voxelized geology, as exported from commonly used geological modeling tools, can produce a poor approximation to the true likelihood, degrading posterior inference for structural parameters. We develop a simple integrated Bayesian inversion code, called Blockworlds, showcasing a numerical scheme to calculate anti-aliased rock properties over regular meshes for use with gravity and magnetic sensors. We use Blockworlds to demonstrate anti-aliasing in the context of an implicit model with kinematic action for simple tectonic histories, showing its impact on the structure of the likelihood for gravity anomaly.
40
Fitterman, David V. "Detectability levels for central induction transient soundings." GEOPHYSICS 54, no. 1 (January 1989): 127–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1442570.
Full textAbstract:
A question usually asked during the planning of a transient sounding survey is, “Can information useful to solving the geologic problem at hand be obtained from the measurements?” This question is usually answered by constructing a geologic model for the survey area based upon the best available information to determine which model parameters can be resolved. Specifically, this determination can be accomplished by computing a forward model, varying a parameter of interest, and observing whether the responses of the original and perturbed models are different. Alternatively, inversion‐based methods can be used to estimate parameter resolution (Inman, 1975; Glenn and Ward, 1976).
41
CHERENKOV, A. P., V. V. MIKHAILENKO, and B. S. SHUSTERMAN. "DETERMINATION OF SOLVABILITY BOUNDARIES OF OPTIMIZATION PROBLEMS IN PARAMETER SPACE." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 03, no. 04 (December 1993): 453–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194093000239.
Full textAbstract:
This paper is devoted to the determination of parameter values of optimization problems for which they are solvable. In relation to this, the concept of monotone solvability with respect to parameter is essentially used. The procedure of construction of solvability boundaries in parameter space is realized, and it is essentially reduced to decipher the monotone function. This procedure is used for the consideration of a dynamic model of simulative control of the geological-prospecting process (the resource allocation between stages of geological-prospecting work). On the basis of this procedure using the standard package of linear programming, the complex program of decision-making for personal computers compatible with IBM XT/AT is implemented.
42
Borgos, Hilde Grude, Henning Omre, and Chris Townsend. "Size distribution of geological faults: Model choice and parameter estimation." Statistical Modelling: An International Journal 2, no. 3 (October 2002): 217–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/1471082x02st039oa.
Full text
43
Franz, Gesa, Marion Jegen, Max Moorkamp, Christian Berndt, and Wolfgang Rabbel. "Formation and geophysical character of transitional crust at the passive continental margin around Walvis Ridge, Namibia." Solid Earth 14, no. 3 (March 6, 2023): 237–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-14-237-2023.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. When interpreting geophysical models, we need to establish a link between the models' physical parameters and geological units. To define these connections, it is crucial to consider and compare geophysical models with multiple, independent parameters. Particularly in complex geological scenarios, such as the rifted passive margin offshore Namibia, multi-parameter analysis and joint inversion are key techniques for comprehensive geological inferences. The models resulting from joint inversion enable the definition of specific parameter combinations, which can then be ascribed to geological units. Here we perform a user-unbiased clustering analysis of the two parameters electrical resistivity and density from two models derived in a joint inversion along the Namibian passive margin. We link the resulting parameter combinations to breakup-related lithology and infer the history of margin formation. This analysis enables us to clearly differentiate two types of sediment cover. The first type of sediment cover occurs near the shore and consists of thick, clastic sediments, while the second type of sediment cover occurs further offshore and consists of more biogenic, marine sediments. Furthermore, we clearly identify areas of interlayered massive, and weathered volcanic flows, which are usually only identified in reflection seismic studies as seaward-dipping reflectors. Lastly, we find a distinct difference in the signature of the transitional crust south of and along the supposed hotspot track Walvis Ridge. We ascribe this contrast to an increase in magmatic activity above the volcanic centre along Walvis Ridge and potentially a change in the melt sources or depth of melting. This change of the predominant volcanic signature characterizes a rift-related southern complex and a plume-driven Walvis Ridge regime. All of these observations demonstrate the importance of multi-parameter geophysical analysis for large-scale geological interpretations. Additionally, our results may improve future joint inversions using direct parameter coupling, by providing a guideline for the complex passive margin's parameter correlations.
44
Alduais, Fuad S., and Taghreed M. Jawa. "Estimation of Parameters and Pooling in Nonlinear Flooding Event Scenarios with Bayesian Model." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2022 (August 28, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6319197.
Full textAbstract:
Water-related tragedies are the highest common of all proven natural calamities and pose severe attacks on people and on socioeconomic status development. Due to the obvious controversy surrounding, their volume, location and time of incidence, geological swaths, and geophysical interrelations, flood events are difficult to completely control. Hence, complete flood prevention is always considered to be a viable choice. The specialized flood occurrences are investigated by developing a structural measure. In this paper, nonlinear flood event circumstance is determined by using a statistical Bayesian parametric approach for parameter estimation. A popular tool for estimating a flood design is model of nonlinear flood event. Nonlinear flood event models are subjected to a Bayesian technique for estimating parameter. The approach is based on the minimization function of square for models with nonlinear calculated peak discharges in terms of parameters. The observed and calculated peak discharges for numerous storms in the watershed, data on the pattern of error observed, and previous information on values of parameter all influence this objective function. The subsequent matrix for covariance is a measure of the calculated parameters’ accuracy. Rainfall and runoff data from a Harvey River sample are used in this study to show the process.
45
Qin, Feilong, Bingli Liu, and Ke Guo. "Using EVT for Geological Anomaly Design and Its Application in Identifying Anomalies in Mining Areas." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3436192.
Full textAbstract:
A geological anomaly is the basis of mineral deposit prediction. Through the study of the knowledge and characteristics of geological anomalies, the category of extreme value theory (EVT) to which a geological anomaly belongs can be determined. Associating the principle of the EVT and ensuring the methods of the shape parameter and scale parameter for the generalized Pareto distribution (GPD), the methods to select the threshold of the GPD can be studied. This paper designs a new algorithm called the EVT model of geological anomaly. These study data on Cu and Au originate from 26 exploration lines of the Jiguanzui Cu-Au mining area in Hubei, China. The proposed EVT model of the geological anomaly is applied to identify anomalies in the Jiguanzui Cu-Au mining area. The results show that the model can effectively identify the geological anomaly region of Cu and Au. The anomaly region of Cu and Au is consistent with the range of ore bodies of actual engineering exploration. Therefore, the EVT model of the geological anomaly can effectively identify anomalies, and it has a high indicating function with respect to ore prospecting.
46
Dou, Haoyu, Xuelin Dong, Zhiyin Duan, Yinji Ma, and Deli Gao. "Cement Integrity Loss due to Interfacial Debonding and Radial Cracking during CO2 Injection." Energies 13, no. 17 (September 3, 2020): 4589. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13174589.
Full textAbstract:
Cement provides zonal isolation and mechanical support, and its integrity is critical to the safety and efficiency of the CO2 injection process for geologic carbon storage. This work focuses on interfacial debonding at wellbore interfaces and radial cracking in cement during CO2 injection. It adopts the definition of the energy release rate (ERR) to characterize the propagation of cracks. Based on the finite element method, the proposed model estimates the ERRs of both types of cracks with practical wellbore configurations and injection parameters. Further parametric studies reveal the effects of cement’s mechanical and thermal properties and the crack geometry on crack propagation. Simulation results show that the ERRs of interfacial and radial cracks would surpass 100 J/m2 with typical cement properties. The cement’s thermal expansion coefficient is the most influential factor on the ERR, followed by its Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio, and thermal conductivity. The initial sizes and positions of the cracks are also important parameters for controlling crack propagation. Moreover, non-uniform in situ stresses would accelerate crack propagation at the interfaces. These findings are valuable and could help to optimize cement sheath design in order to ensure the long-term integrity of wells for geological carbon storage.
47
Chen, Shi Lei, Ke Xu, Shu Bin Yu, Bo Li, Bin Cao, and Jian Jun Shen. "Comparsion Study on Two Methods of Water Inflow Prediction of Coal Mining." Advanced Materials Research 1092-1093 (March 2015): 1379–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1092-1093.1379.
Full textAbstract:
Because of the complex geologic space body and the underground seepage conditions, it is difficult to predict groundwater water inflow in prevention and treatment control work of coal mine. To predict the groundwater flow of the coal seam under the roof sandstone aquifer in Nanshan coal, the big water well method and three-dimensional numerical model were used at the same time. The quantity of predicted normal water inflow was 553.5 m3/h by using numerical model and the big-well method is about 591.6 m3/h. The result of big-well methods was relatively close to the result of numerical simulation method, which proved the rationality of the two methods in parameters selection and model building, and greatly improved the reliability and accuracy of prediction results. Compared with large-well method, by establishing the complex 3D geological structure of underground water and fitting the parameters based on the actual data of hydrology, numerical method could simulate the process of groundwater seepage and dewatering engineering, overcome the parameter uncertainty of large-well method, improve the predictive accuracy of the mine water inflow, and has important application value.
48
Rees Jones, David W., and Richard F. Katz. "Reaction-infiltration instability in a compacting porous medium." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 852 (August 2, 2018): 5–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2018.524.
Full textAbstract:
Certain geological features have been interpreted as evidence of channelized magma flow in the mantle, which is a compacting porous medium. Aharonov et al. (J. Geophys. Res., vol. 100 (B10), 1995, pp. 20433–20450) developed a simple model of reactive porous flow and numerically analysed its instability to channels. The instability relies on magma advection against a chemical solubility gradient and the porosity-dependent permeability of the porous host rock. We extend the previous analysis by systematically mapping out the parameter space. Crucially, we augment numerical solutions with asymptotic analysis to better understand the physical controls on the instability. We derive scalings for the critical conditions of the instability and analyse the associated bifurcation structure. We also determine scalings for the wavelengths and growth rates of the channel structures that emerge. We obtain quantitative theories for and a physical understanding of, first, how advection or diffusion over the reactive time scale sets the horizontal length scale of channels and, second, the role of viscous compaction of the host rock, which also affects the vertical extent of channelized flow. These scalings allow us to derive estimates of the dimensions of emergent channels that are consistent with the geologic record.
49
Meak, Karel Karolus, and Lia Medy Tandy. "Kompleksitas Geologi Endapan Batubara Ombrob,Kabupaten Jayapura, Papua." Jurnal Teknologi Sumberdaya Mineral (JENERAL) 2, no. 2 (December 21, 2021): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jeneral.v2i2.28506.
Full textAbstract:
Empat titik penyelidikan lapangan yakni OBB-1, OBB-2, OBB-3 dan OBB-4 dijadikan dasar untuk merekonstruksi kompleksitas geologi pada daerah penelitian berdasarkan SNI-5051 tentang pedoman pelaporan, sumber daya dan cadangan batubara. Secara geologi lokasi penelitian termasuk dalam formasi Aurimi, berumur tersier. Dengan metode penyelidikan geologi lapangan, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkategorisasi kompleksitas geologi berdasarkan dua parameter (dari tiga parameter) utama yaitu, aspek sedimentasi dan aspek tektonik. Apek sedimentasi yang dilihat yaitu variasi ketebalan, kesinambungan (kemenerusan) dan percabangan. Sementara aspek tektonik mencakup sesar, lipatan, intrusi dan kemiringan lapisan batubara. Ketebalan Ombrob berkisar 59 cm-114 cm. Kemenerusan batubara, terdefenisi sebesar 216 meter, dengan keyakinan lebih dari itu, dengan arah kemenerusan sepanjang arah barat daya-timur laut (NE/SW). Kemiringan singkapan dengan 13-19 derajad. Pada empat titik pengamatan tidak dijumpai sesar dan tidak memiliki hubungan atau tidak berpengaruh dengan intrusi. Pada titik pengamatan OBB-4 ditemukannya lapisan batubara yang mengalami perlipatan dan dikategorikan dalam kategori sedang. Berdasarkan hasil identifikasi dari kedua parameter utama yaitu aspek sedimentasi dan tektonik maka kompleksitas geologi endapan batubara Ombrob berdasarkan SNI-5051 dikategorikan sebagai kompleksitas geologi sederhana sampai kompleksitas geologi moderat.
50
Cao, Shuang Zhen, Zhao Hui Xia, Ming Zhang, Yong Yang, Li Jiang Duan, and Ze Hong Cui. "Uncertainty Analysis in Geological Modeling for Coalbed Methane." Advanced Materials Research 1030-1032 (September 2014): 1407–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1030-1032.1407.
Full textAbstract:
The complexity of geological conditions results in ambiguity and uncertainty when interpreting geological data, bring difficulties to geological modeling, so quantitative evaluation of uncertainty of various geological parameters is important to establish accurate geological modeling. M coalbed methane field in eastern Australia was selected as an example to explain this process. The parameters and these uncertainty ranges were discussed firstly. And then, the impacts on calculated reserves of parameter uncertainty were analyzed. A better effect was attained in M coalbed methane field with this method.