Relevant bibliographies by topics / Paragraphos

Academic literature on the topic 'Paragraphos'

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Published: 11 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Paragraphos"

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Krans, Jan. "Paragraphos, Not Obelos, in Codex Vaticanus." New Testament Studies 65, no. 2 (February 22, 2019): 252–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0028688518000450.

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There are serious problems with P. Payne's discussion of ‘distigmai’ in Codex Vaticanus, and more in particular with his identification and interpretation of so-called ‘distigme-obelos’ combinations. The ‘distigmai’ remain elusive and any ‘distigme-obelos’ is coincidental.
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Pastuszko, Marian. "Czas i miejsce sprawowania Eucharystii." Prawo Kanoniczne 35, no. 1-2 (June 5, 1992): 129–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/pk.1992.35.1-2.08.

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Praesens studium ex proemio, duabus partibus, conclusione et argumento lingua latina exarato constat. In proemio canones 931-933 Codicis Juris Canonici Romani Pontificis Joannis Pauli ll huius studii obiectum esse, dicitur. Pars prima in paragraphum primam de die et in paragraphum alteram de hora celebrationis et distributionis Sanctissimae Eucharistiae subdividitur. Ad normam can. 931 Sanctissimae Eucharistiae tam celebratio quam distributio fieri potest qualibet die et hora, iis exceptis, quae secundum liturgicas normas excluduntur. Pars altera de loco celebrationis et distributionis Sanctissimae Eucharistiae tractat et subdividitur in tres paragraphi. - Paragrahus prima de celebratione et distributione Sanctissimae Eucharistiae in loco sacro, docet. Ad normam can. 932 § 1 et § 2 celebratio Eucharistiae cum distributione Sacrae Communionis ordinariis in circumstantiis in loco sacro peragitur. - Paragraphus altera de Sanctissimae Eucharistiae celebratione extra locum sacrum enarrat. Juxta can. 931 § 1 et § 2 Eucharisticae celebratio extra locum sacrum solummodo in casu particulari cum necessitas id postulet, peragitur. - Tertia et iam ultima paragrapho - de celebratione Sanctissimae Eucharistiae in templo alicuius Ecclesiae aut communitatis ecclesialis plenam communionem cum Ecclesia Catholica non habentium tractat. Vi can. 933 eiusmodi celebratio Eucharisticae solummodo de licentia ordinarii loci, iusta de causa et remoto scandalo fieri potest. In conclusione auctor scribit, quod vigens ius de tempore et loco celebrationis et distributionis Sanctissimae Eucharistiae mitius est quam ius in Codice luris Canonici 1917 anni contentum.
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Turini, Sandro. "La dottrina del laicato come dimensione informatrice del rapporto Chiesa-Mondo nel Concilio Vaticano II." Ius Canonicum 12, no. 24 (April 13, 2018): 57–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.15581/016.12.21375.

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Hoc studium de doctrina laicorum oppetit quaestionem relationum Ecclesiae et mundi lumini praeceptorum Conci1ii, sumens nucleum investigationis doctrinam laicorum in rebus saeculi. Fundamentale pondus humanae personae laicique ut talis, praeter fidelem, in Concilio Vaticano Il hunc proprium prospectum exigit. In primis paragraphum IIl, «De laicis et de personae humanae dignitate», agit de mutua conexione atque intelligentia duorum thematum etsi se contineat problematibus libertatis religiosae. Thema autem personae humanae,. media Concilii declaratio, in hoc paragrapho non examinatur quamquam adsit rector totius operis valde nexum cum themate laicorum. Alterum est elementum singulare quamvis summa investigatione situm, repraesentatum re pluralismi (socialis religiosique) in quo auctor vult ostendere momentum vi Ecclesiae in mundo profectionis magis quam adventus tantum cogitationis Ecclesiae; et eminent aliquae ulteriores conexiones thematum humanae personae, laicorum et pluralismi, quorum maiores derivationes disseruntur in paragraphis IV et V, de Statu Internationalique communitate; restructuratio primi et magna evolutionis potentia secundi summum exitus sunt plurallsmi et activitatis hominum eam animantium. Eminet in primis in paragrapho IV peculiaris activitas laicorum ordine internationali et munus «creativum» quod in tale contextu possit habere haec activitas, ad Ecclesiam ducem malentem loqui hominibus quam nationibus. Hoc sensu (par. IV) interpretat auctor viam individualem ut primariam ET secundariam institutionalem. Ceterum restructurationi Status explicationes et indications quaerunt, inter eas rationem agendi Concilli in confesionalitatis Stati themate. Denique parag. VI conatur evidentia facere problemata et consequtiones laicorum in rebus saeculi, his conexis cum supra dictis ut coordinentur. Opus experitur facere continuationem conceptuum quae in miscendis et concatenandis thematibus singularibus permittat eminere profundam signüicationem relationum praesentium Ecclesiae et mundi in omnibus suis implicationibus valde praecipuis.
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Brault, Jacques. "Paragraphes." Études françaises 35, no. 2-3 (1999): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/036146ar.

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Acker, Kathy. "Paragraphs." Journal of the Midwest Modern Language Association 28, no. 1 (1995): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1315245.

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Bekele, Getachew, Tamiru Olana, and Sherif Ali. "Effect of Critical Thinking-infused Paragraph Writing Instruction on University First-year Students’ Argumentative Paragraphs Writing Performance." East African Journal of Education Studies 5, no. 1 (April 19, 2022): 170–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/eajes.5.1.624.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of critical thinking-infused paragraph writing instruction on university first-year students’ argumentative paragraph writing performance. In order to achieve the purpose, two randomly selected intact classes with 31 and 32 participants were involved in the study as a non-treatment group and a treatment group respectively. The treatment group was provided with critical thinking-infused paragraph writing instruction, but the non-treatment group received a conventional paragraph writing instruction. The embedded design was employed in the study since it was mainly conducted using quantitative data gathered through tests before and after the intervention, and a semi-structured interview was also employed to gather data about the treatment from some randomly selected participants in the treatment group. The quantitative data were entered into SPSS version 20 and analysed using descriptive statistics and one-way between groups ANCOVA while the qualitative data were analysed by narrating the reactions of the randomly selected participants using words. The one-way ANCOVA results for argumentative paragraph writing performance scores F (1, 60) = 106.555, p = 0.000, partial Eta squared = 0.640) showed that there was statistically a significant difference between the non-treatment and the treatment groups in their argumentative paragraph writing performance due to the intervention (Critical thinking-infused paragraph writing instruction). The interview analysis result also revealed that the intervention guided participants in the treatment group to perform better while they wrote argumentative paragraphs. Thus, it was recommended that EFL instructors, curriculum (syllabus) designers, and material developers need to integrate critical thinking instruction into argumentative paragraph writing lessons in order to promote first-year students’ argumentative paragraph writing performance.
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Marranca, Bonnie. "Remaining Paragraphs." Contemporary Theatre Review 25, no. 1 (January 2, 2015): 133–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10486801.2015.992614.

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Musto, Marcello. "OS MANUSCRITOS ECONOMICO-FILOSÓFICOS DE 1844 DE KARL MARX: dificuldades para publicação e interpretações críticas." Caderno CRH 32, no. 86 (November 4, 2019): 399. http://dx.doi.org/10.9771/ccrh.v32i86.25803.

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<div><p class="trans-title"><span>Os Manuscritos econômico-filosóficos de 1844 constituem um dos escritos de Karl Marx mais célebres e difundidos em todo o mundo. Todavia, este texto, tão debatido e tão presente nos debates marxistas permaneceu desconhecido por muito tempo. As leituras instrumentais, que um e outro grupo fizeram sobre os Manuscritos econômico-filosóficos de 1844, são um claro exemplo de como a obra de Marx tenha sido constantemente objeto de conflitos teórico-políticos. Para melhor evidenciar tal realidade, o segundo e o terceiro parágrafo deste artigo reconstroem as dificuldades editoriais ligadas à sua publicação. Os parágrafos quarto, quinto e sexto apresentam, no entanto, uma breve resenha. Uma análise filológica dos Manuscritos econômico-filosóficos de 1844 foi desenvolvida no sétimo e oitavo parágrafos, tendo por base a nova edição históricocrítica MEGA. Na conclusão, segue uma tabela que reconstrói a cronologia da elaboração dos manuscritos e dos cadernos de extratos do período.</span></p><p class="trans-title"> </p><p class="trans-title"><strong>THE ECONOMIC AND PHILOSOPHIC MANUSCRIPTS OF 1844 BY KARL MARX: publishing difficulties and critical interpretations</strong></p><p>The Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844 constitute one of Karl Marx’s most renowned and widespread writings worldwide. However, this much debated and present in the Marxist debates’ text, remained unknown for a long time. The instrumental readings which different groups made on the Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844 are a clear example of how Marx’s work was constantly the object of theoretical-political conflict. To better highlight this reality, the second and third paragraphs of this article reconstruct the editorial difficulties associated with its publication. The fourth, fifth and sixth paragraphs, however, provide a brief review. A philological analysis of the Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844 based on the new historical-critical MEGA edition was developed in the seventh and eighth paragraphs. In the conclusion, follows a table that reconstructs the chronology of the elaboration of the manuscripts and notebooks of excerpts of the period.</p><p><strong>Key words: </strong>EPM of 1844; Young Marx; Marxism; Alienation; MEGA</p><p class="trans-title"> </p></div><div><p class="trans-title"><strong>LES MANUSCRITS ÉCONOMICO-PHILOSOPHIQUES DE KARL MARX DE 1844: Les difficultés pour l’édition et les interprétations critiques</strong></p><p>Les manuscrits économico-philosophiques de 1844 constituent l’un des écrits les plus célèbres et les plus répandus de Karl Marx dans le monde. Ce texte si controversé et si présent dans les débats marxistes est cependant resté longtemps méconnu. La compréhension des textes des Manuscrits économico-philosophiques de 1844, réalisée par l’un ou l’autre groupe, montre bien la manière dont les travaux de Marx ont constamment fait l’objet de conflits théorico-politiques. Pour mieux souligner cette réalité les deuxième et troisième paragraphes de cet article reconstituent les difficultés de rédaction liées à la publication de son œuvre. Les quatrième, cinquième et sixième paragraphes en présentent toutefois un bref aperçu. Une analyse philologique des Manuscrits économico-philosophiques de 1844 est présentée dans les septième et huitième paragraphes sur la base de la nouvelle édition historique et critique MEGA. Dans la conclusion un tableau reconstruit la chronologie de l’élaboration des manuscrits et des cahiers d’extraits de la période.</p><p><strong>Key words: </strong>Manuscrits économico-philosophiques de 1844; le jeune Marx; Aliénation; MEGA</p><p class="trans-title"><strong><br /></strong></p></div>
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Krause, Maureen T., and Peter Newmark. "Paragraphs on Translation." Modern Language Journal 78, no. 2 (1994): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/329050.

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TAYLOR, PETER J. "BEYOND FIRST PARAGRAPHS…" Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie 84, no. 2 (April 1993): 100–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9663.1993.tb00638.x.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Paragraphos"

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Zwitter, Vitez Ana. "Les stratégies des locuteurs et la structuration de l'oral spontané en français et en slovène." Thesis, Paris 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA030180/document.

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Les buts de la présente étude étaient de délimiter une unité de l'analyse de l'oral spontané comparable en français et en slovène, d'examiner l'influence des éléments contextuels sur la structuration de cette unité et de dégager les combinaisons de structures linguistiques les plus efficaces lors de trois stratégies communicatives de base : lutte pour la parole, appel à l'attention et la demande de réaction. L'analyse a montré que dans les deux langues, l'unité de base de l'oral peut être délimitée par la chute conjointe de l'intensité et de la hauteur tonale. Cette unité, reprise par la méthodologie de Morel et Danon-Boileau [1998] est dénominée le paragraphe oral avec ses constituants préambule, rhème et postrhème. Une fois l'unité de base délimitée, l'étude examine l'influence des éléments contextuels sur la structuration de l'oral spontané. L'analyse de la narration, de l'argumentation et de la confrontation d'opinions différentes a montré surtout l'influence du type du discours sur la longueur du préambule et sur sa composition interne. Le profil des locuteurs semble avoir la plus grande influence sur le choix des ligateurs. En ce qui concerne les stratégies des locuteurs, les résultats montrent que lors de la lutte pour la parole, le locuteur qui produit ses énoncés avec une intensité plus forte et un surplus de marques du travail de formulation va à la fin d'un chevauchement garder la parole. Quand il demande auprès de celui qui l'écoute une réaction, il le réalise par une chute de l'intensité à la fin d'une structure syntaxique, ce qui coïncide avec la fin d'un rhème
The aims of the present study are to define the unit for the analysis of the spontaneous speech in french and in slovene, to examine the influence of the context elements on the structure of this unit and to analyse the most efficient combinations of the linguistic structures whithin three basic speech strategies: turn taking, seeking for attention and request for reaction. The analysis shows that the basic unit of spontaneaous speech can be defined by simultaneaous fall of intensity and pitch in both languages. This basic unit is defined as speech paragraph with its components preamble, rheme and postrheme. In the next step, the study examines the influence of the context elements on the structuration of the spontaneous spoken discourse. The analysis of the narration, argumentation and confrontation of different opinions shows the influence of the discourse genre on the lenght and the internal structure of the preamble. On the other hand, the speaker's profile seems to have the most important effect on the use of the connectors. The analysis of the speaker's strategies in spontaneous spoken discourse shows that when two speakers start speaking at the same moment and fight for their turns, the speaker who increases the intensity, produces more features of non final formulation will more likely keep or get his turn. When a speaker wants the listener to react in order to confirm his speaking, he will realise a fall of intensity at the end of a syntactic unit, which usually takes place at the end of a rheme
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Fiorillo, Matilde. "I segni nel PHerc. 1004 (Filodemo, Retorica, VII libro)." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/8549.

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2011/2012
La tesi pubblica i risultati del censimento dei segni critici presenti nel papiro ercolanese 1004, contenente il settimo libro della Retorica di Filodemo di Gadara. L’introduzione è dedicata a una riflessione sull’importanza filologica e documentaria dei segni attestati nei papiri greco-egizi ed ercolanesi, a cui ha fatto da contraltare, per lungo tempo, la scarsa attenzione degli studiosi, il cui interesse primario era lo studio critico del testo tramandato. Il capitolo I offre una presentazione a tutto tondo del PHerc. 1004: del papiro viene offerta una descrizione tecnica (dimensioni del rotolo, tipologia libraria, paleografia) e contenutistica (struttura del libro e organizzazione del contenuto), a cui si accompagna una rassegna dei principali studi di cui il rotolo è stato oggetto negli oltre duecento anni trascorsi dalla data del suo svolgimento a oggi. Il capitolo II riassume i risultati del censimento dei segni in due serie di tabelle: la prima, denominata ‘tabella per colonna’, presenta i dati organizzati in ordine topografico progressivo, a partire dai frammenti fino all’ultima colonna del rotolo; la seconda serie di tabelle, invece, ordina i risultati ‘per segno’, in modo da offrire uno strumento di consultazione più rapido a chi sia interessato a una ricognizione dei segni presenti nel papiro in base alla loro tipologia. Il capitolo III espone in maniera discorsiva i risultati della ricerca: per ogni tipologia di segno riscontrata (paragraphos, spatium, paragraphos associata a spatium, diplé obelismene, stigmai, segni di correzione) vengono offerti una rapida descrizione e, successivamente, una casistica delle occorrenze più significative. Il testo delle colonne prese in esame per illustrare il valore dei segni è stato sempre controllato autopticamente, con l’ausilio delle immagini multispettrali; nel caso in cui l’autopsia abbia dato risultati diversi rispetto alle edizioni di riferimento, se ne è dato conto nell’apparato critico che accompagna alcune colonne. Le conclusioni, infine, riassumono in un’ottica complessiva i dati emersi dal censimento. La maggior parte dei segni è stata rilevata per la prima volta nel corso di questa ricerca: il miglioramento è stato possibile anche grazie all’impiego delle immagini multispettrali, che hanno permesso di evidenziare con maggiore chiarezza tracce di scrittura prima invisibili a causa della carbonizzazione subita dal rotolo e dello sbiadimento subito dall’inchiostro. I risultati emersi dallo studio consentono di identificare il PHerc. 1004 come un prodotto librario di buona qualità, destinato alla consultazione da parte di Filodemo stesso e dei suoi seguaci riuniti nel circolo epicureo di Ercolano.
XXV Ciclo
1985
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Mounier, Evelyne. "Etude expérimentale de la segmentation d'un texte en paragraphes." Grenoble 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE39044.

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La recherche qu'on présente ici concerne la notion de paragraphe. On cherche a recueillir expérimentalement des connaissances sur les sujets en situation de production de textes. L'étude est centrée sur les raisons qui poussent les sujets à introduire des marques de paragraphes. Trois expériences ont été faites. Dans la première expérience, on demande à des sujets placés en situation de correcteurs de réinstaller des marques de paragraphes dans un texte duquel elles ont été enlevées et d'expliquer oralement leurs choix. Les résultats montrent que les sujets distinguent le sous-paragraphe et le paragraphe et qu'il existe des parties de texte dans lesquelles aucune marque de paragraphe n'est insérée. Un ensemble de raisons semblent concourir à l'introduction d'une marque de paragraphe (taille, intention de l'auteur, etc. ). Dans la seconde expérience, on demande à un sujet auteur d'un article d'expliciter les raisons qui le conduisent à introduire ou non une marque de paragraphe dans son texte. Une liste de règles de type si alors a été déduite. L'une des raisons qui poussent le sujet à changer de paragraphe c'est qu'il change d'idée. Dans la troisième expérience, on tente de préciser cette règle en tenant compte des facteurs cognitifs (hypothèse de Fayol). On montre que l'utilisation de la marque de paragraphe s'insère dans le cadre plus général des signes de ponctuation et qu'elle est liée à deux facteurs : la représentation mentale propre au sujet et au volume d'informations à traduire. Deux types de développement sont envisagés : la recherche d'information dans les documents techniques en texte intégral et la génération de textes
This research is concerned with the notion of paragraph. We try to collect experimental knowledge about subjects producing texts. The study is focused on the reasons that induce the subjects to insert paragraph marks. Three experiments are presented. In the first one, subjects were asked to correct a text by reinserting paragraph marks in a text where they had been removed and then to orally explain theirs choices. The results show that subjects make a distinction between paragraph marks and sub-paragraph marks and we find whole parts of texts where no mark of paragraph at all is inserted. Introducing of paragraph mark seems to be the result of a whole combinaison of reasons (length of paragraph, writer's intention, etc. ). In the second experiment, a subject who wrote a paper is asked to explain the reasons that induced him to insert or not insert a paragraph mark in his text. A set of "if then" type rules was deducted. The main reason to insert a mark of paragraph is that the subject wants to insert a new idea. In the third experiment, we try to be more specific about this rule by including cognitive aspects (Fayol's hypothesis). We show that using paragraph marks must be considered in the context of all punctuation marks and that it is linked to two factors : the subject's mental representation and the size of the text to be produced. Two developments are considered : information retrieval in technical documents and text generation
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Chen, Selma Shu-mei. "A contrastive study of paragraph development in Chinese and English expository prose." Virtual Press, 1985. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/416150.

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Kaplan (1966) has claimed that certain organizational problems in non-native speakers' writing are due to the influence of L1 rhetorical patterns. Based on an examination of 600 papers written in English by students from different cultural backgrounds, Kaplan concluded that the Oriental students developed their ideas in an indirect, inwardly spiralling pattern. Such circular development contrasted with the linear structure of paragraphs written by English speakers.While Kaplan's conceptualizations have received considerable attention, there is a central problem with his analysis: his claims were based solely on compositions written in English.In this thesis, I examine 30 paragraphs of Chinese expository prose and 30 paragraphs of English expository prose randomly chosen from contemporary writings to see if they conform to Kaplan's model. In the first chapter, I present certain problems in the teaching of composition concerning paragraph development. A literature review is presented in Chapter Two. Chapter Three is a brief description of the modes and organization of expository Prose that Chinese students learn. Chapter Four shows the modes and organization of English expository prose. In Chapter Five, a representative sample of 30 paragraphs of Chinese expository prose examined are discussed. Chapter Six is discussion of representative English paragraphs. A brief discussion of the results of the examination is presented in Chapter Seven. Finally, a brief summary concludes the thesis.
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Yoo, Chang Keol. "Paragraphs as episodes : distinguishing paragraphs in Biblical Hebrew narrative on the basis of linguistic devices /." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2818.

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Meyer, James W. McMahan Elizabeth. "Paragraphs in process what student writers really do /." Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 1987. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p8726506.

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Thesis (D.A.)--Illinois State University, 1987.
Title from title page screen, viewed August 16, 2005. Dissertation Committee: Elizabeth McMahan (chair), Janice G. Neuleib, Irene T. Brosnahan, Douglas D. Hesse, David C. Eaton. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 129-133) and abstract. Also available in print.
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Pheiler-Cox, Petra. "Präzisierung des Paragraph 1381 BGB /." Göttingen : Sierke, 2009. http://d-nb.info/994275943/04.

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Jerinić, Vasco. "ParaGraph - Parameterprüfung für intellectual properties." [S.l. : s.n.], 2005. http://archiv.tu-chemnitz.de/pub/2005/0051.

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Jerinic, Vasco. "ParaGraph - Parameterprüfung für Intellectual Properties." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2005. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:ch1-200500518.

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Beim Austausch von Intellectual Properties (IP) entsteht das Problem, daß der Anwender oftmals nicht sicher feststellen kann, ob die gewünschte Parameterkombination unterstützt wird bzw. ob die IP mit den gewünschten Einstellungen korrekt arbeitet. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, eine mögliche Lösung zur Parameterprüfung bereitzustellen. Im Rahmen des vom Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) geförderten Projekts Intellectual Property Qualifikation für effizientes Systemdesign [IPQ] wurde dazu das Entwurfswerkzeug entwickelt. Anhand einer durch den Entwerfer vorgegebenen formalen Beschreibung der Parameter und ihrer Abhängigkeiten untereinander prüft eine vom Werkzeug automatisch generierte Testbenchkomponente, ob alle Bedingungen eingehalten werden. Des weiteren berechnet diese Komponente auf der Basis vorgegebener Gleichungen verschiedene Systemeigenschaften, wie beispielsweise die maximale Taktfrequenzabweichung zwischen Sender und Empfänger einer seriellen Übertragungsstrecke. Diese können dann vom Anwender mit der ihm vorliegenden Spezifikation verglichen werden. ist außerdem in der Lage, anhand der Parameterabhängigkeiten die verschiedenen Kombinationen von Einstellungen zu berechnen, die nötig sind, um den kompletten Parameterraum abzudecken, und diese in Form eines Parameter-Domänen-Graphen darzustellen. Mit Hilfe dieses Graphen ist der Anwender in der Lage, Kombinationen gezielt so auszuwählen, daß ein möglichst hoher Verifikationsgrad der IP erreicht wird, ohne unnötig viele Simulationen durchführen zu müssen.
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Böker, Hans-Gerd. "Die Mietsicherungs- oder Mieterdienstbarkeit : Verhinderung des Sonderkündigungsrechts nach Paragraph 111 InsO/Paragraph 57 a ZVG /." Berlin : De Gruyter, 2008. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=017348152&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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Books on the topic "Paragraphos"

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Sachpekidou, Eugenia R. Hē euthynē tēs E.O.K. apo kanonistikes praxeis tōn organōn tēs: Arthro 215[paragraphos]2 SynthEOK. Thessalonikē: Ekdoseis Sakkoula, 1985.

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Rooks, George. Paragraph power: Communicating ideas through paragraphs. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice Hall Regents, 1988.

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Paragraph power: Communicating ideas through paragraphs. 2nd ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall Regents, 1999.

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Howard, C. Jeriel. Paragraph plus: From ideas to paragraphs to essays. Glenview, Ill: Scott, Foresman/Little Brown College Division, Scott, Foresman, 1988.

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Iliopoulos-Strangas, Julia. Chrēsē paranomōs ktēthentōn apodeiktikōn mesōn kai dikaiōma hyperaspisēs tou katēgoroumenou: Hē apodeiktikē apagoreusē tou arthrou 19 paragraphos 3 tou anatheōrēthentos Syntagmatos. Athēna: Ekdoseis Ant. N. Sakkoula, 2003.

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Panuska, Janet. Designer paragraphs: A guide to the sentence, the paragraph and the essay. Toronto, Ont: Butterworths, 1991.

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Green, Brian. Paragraph essentials. Toronto: Harcourt Brace Canada, 1995.

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Folse, Keith S. Great paragraphs: An introduction to writing paragraphs. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 2001.

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April, Muchmore-Vokoun, and Solomon Elena Vestri, eds. Great paragraphs: An introduction to writing paragraphs. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1999.

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April, Muchmore-Vokoun, and Solomon Elena Vestri, eds. Great paragraphs: An introduction to writing paragraphs. 2nd ed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Paragraphos"

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Bailey, Paul. "Paragraphs." In GCSE Typewriting, 35–55. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-10680-6_3.

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Seroul, Raymond, and Silvio Levy. "Paragraphs." In A Beginner’s Book of TEX, 52–63. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8654-2_6.

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Salomon, David. "Paragraphs." In The Advanced TEXbook, 87–108. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4256-7_4.

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Tan, Zhongchao. "Paragraphs." In Academic Writing for Engineering Publications, 97–104. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99364-1_11.

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DePompei, Roberta. "Paragraphia." In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 2563. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57111-9_905.

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DePompei, Roberta. "Paragraphia." In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 1. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56782-2_905-3.

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DePompei, Roberta. "Paragraphia." In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 1854. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79948-3_905.

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Wallwork, Adrian. "Structuring Paragraphs." In English for Writing Research Papers, 33–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26094-5_3.

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Cooper, Helen, and Michael Shoolbred. "Using paragraphs." In Where’s your Argument?, 57–63. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-53474-3_8.

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Bailey, Stephen. "Organising Paragraphs." In Academic writing for international students of business and economics, 75–79. 3rd edition. | Abingdon, Oxon; New York: Routledge, 2020. |: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429299278-1_10.

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Conference papers on the topic "Paragraphos"

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Šafranj, Jelisaveta, Vesna Bogdanović, and Vesna Bulatović. "Paragraph development in scientific and technical writing." In 11th International Symposium on Graphic Engineering and Design. University of Novi Sad, Faculty of technical sciences, Department of graphic engineering and design, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24867/grid-2022-p65.

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A paragraph is a grouping of sentences, a way of carving them up into connected sets so as to reduce the diversity of their thoughts to manageable proportions. Normally readers will expect a paragraph to have a single focus and one role since it is defined as a group of sentences developing a single idea, concept, thought, and topic. Overlong paragraphs, with too many sentences in them, have numerous drawbacks. The text becomes under organized and difficult to follow. However, paragraphs should not be too short. If paragraphs are reduced to just one or two sentences, then they cease to have this organizing rationale and become heteronymous cogs, turning as the argument progresses but not doing any useful work. For English-speaking readers, short paragraphs in technical writing will also make the text look disconnected, fragmented, and uncertain. A paragraph's pattern is important in making an argument look coherent and well organized because it is a unit of thought. In general, a paragraph should make one point, or one component part of a single broader point. Where a paragraph handles miscellaneous unconnected points, as it is sometimes necessary to round out an argument, this role should be explicitly signaled to readers because they will not expect it. The relationship between the ideas in an EST (English for Science and Technology) paragraph and between the items of information and the core generalization is expressed by several techniques. Sometimes the nature of the material the writer has available determines the applied technique, but at other times, the writer makes his own decisions as to the best way of presenting the relationships between his ideas. In the first case, we are dealing with natural techniques, and in the second, with logical techniques, and they are not mutually exclusive.
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Ostapuk, Natalia, Djellel Difallah, and Philippe Cudre-Mauroux. "ParaGraph: Mapping Wikidata Tail Entities to Wikipedia Paragraphs." In 2022 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bigdata55660.2022.10020207.

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Zhang, Yuanxing, Yangbin Zhang, Kaigui Bian, and Xiaoming Li. "Towards Reading Comprehension for Long Documents." In Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-18}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/638.

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Machine reading comprehension has gained attention from both industry and academia. It is a very challenging task that involves various domains such as language comprehension, knowledge inference, summarization, etc. Previous studies mainly focus on reading comprehension on short paragraphs, and these approaches fail to perform well on the documents. In this paper, we propose a hierarchical match attention model to instruct the machine to extract answers from a specific short span of passages for the long document reading comprehension (LDRC) task. The model takes advantages from hierarchical-LSTM to learn the paragraph-level representation, and implements the match mechanism (i.e., quantifying the relationship between two contexts) to find the most appropriate paragraph that includes the hint of answers. Then the task can be decoupled into reading comprehension task for short paragraph, such that the answer can be produced. Experiments on the modified SQuAD dataset show that our proposed model outperforms existing reading comprehension models by at least 20% regarding exact match (EM), F1 and the proportion of identified paragraphs which are exactly the short paragraphs where the original answers locate.
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Yiran, Zhang. "Visual effects based on blank fractions in the case of multi-paragraph text overlay images." In Intelligent Human Systems Integration (IHSI 2023) Integrating People and Intelligent Systems. AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002829.

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Multi-segment text overlay images are commonly used in web design, poster layout and other design-related activities. In this paper, we use a character-based blank score calculation model and a text box-based blank score calculation model to investigate which model is more effective in reflecting visual aesthetics in the case of multi-part text overlay images. The text-frame-based blank-score model was found to be more effective in reflecting the visual perception of the subjects by using the fitting tool in MATLAB to fit the subjective scores and the calculated blank scores. The text box in the text box-based blank score model was then optimized by eliminating the part of the last line of each paragraph that was not filled with text, so that the text box was not a regular rectangle, but still a relatively regular linear text box. In the case of multi-paragraph text overlay image, when the line spacing and paragraph spacing are the same, subjects cannot distinguish the beginning and end of several paragraphs of text by line spacing. In this paper, an optimized text box-based margin score calculation model is used to design an experiment to investigate the effect of the margin score of the text box of the last line of the preceding paragraph on the visual effect of subjects' visual division of paragraphs in the case of multiple-paragraph text-covered images. The results show that when the blank area of the last line of the previous paragraph is about half of the area of the previous line, the visual aesthetic satisfaction is the highest, i.e., people can quickly and accurately divide the paragraph without reading the text content, while when the last line of the previous paragraph is filled with text, the visual aesthetic satisfaction is the lowest, and people cannot intuitively divide the paragraph without reading the text content.
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Inkova, O. Y., V. A. Nuriev, and N. A. Popkova. "The Role of Paragraph in the Corpora of Annotated Texts." In Dialogue. RSUH, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2075-7182-2022-21-273-283.

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The paper focuses on the function of paragraph both in text organization and in text annotation from the point of view of coherence. Taking as examples three major types of corpora (the RST, ANNODIS, and PDTB corpora), it shows whether and to what extent the existing approaches account for the paragraph when a discourse relation gets annotated. Then it presents the theoretical principles underlying text annotation in two databases: the Supracorpora database of connectives and the Supracorpora database of hierarchical logical-semantic relations (a new linguistic resource). Text coherence is shown to result from the interaction of various discourse phenomena, acting at the level of local and global structures. In this approach, the paragraph is assigned to the meso-level, positioned between local and global levels. The researcher may analyze the internal organization of the paragraph, limiting oneself to the intersentential level. Yet, to analyze and describe how paragraphs follow one another in the text, it is necessary to operate at the supra-sentential level, adopting a conceptual apparatus fundamentally different from the one for the description of local text structure.
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Wang, Donglin, Yuning Qian, Jiong Fu (), and Hongli Jia. "Designing and Evaluating of an iPad-based Reading Mode for Enhancing the Efficiency of Non-native Immersive Reading." In Intelligent Human Systems Integration (IHSI 2022) Integrating People and Intelligent Systems. AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100934.

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Nowadays, reading concentration is decreased due to the various information on the electronic devices, resulting in low reading efficiency, especially for non-native language reading. The study aims to carry out an iPad-based reading mode for improving the reading concentration of immersive reading. To achieve this objective, this research proposes i) deep research on several existing reading modes through eye-tracking evaluation and user interviews; ii) an innovative paragraph focusing reading mode for immersive reading; and iii) formal evaluation study to verify the usability and effectiveness of the proposed design. Particularly, the proposed reading mode can dynamically highlight the paragraphs of the article following the drag of the page, helping users to concentrate on the paragraphs they want to read intensively. Additionally, the evaluation shows that the proposed reading mode received the highest user preference, reading concentration and correct answer rate significantly, which confirms the application potential of this design.
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Feng, Xiaocheng, Ming Liu, Jiahao Liu, Bing Qin, Yibo Sun, and Ting Liu. "Topic-to-Essay Generation with Neural Networks." In Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-18}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/567.

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We focus on essay generation, which is a challenging task that generates a paragraph-level text with multiple topics.Progress towards understanding different topics and expressing diversity in this task requires more powerful generators and richer training and evaluation resources. To address this, we develop a multi-topic aware long short-term memory (MTA-LSTM) network.In this model, we maintain a novel multi-topic coverage vector, which learns the weight of each topic and is sequentially updated during the decoding process.Afterwards this vector is fed to an attention model to guide the generator.Moreover, we automatically construct two paragraph-level Chinese essay corpora, 305,000 essay paragraphs and 55,000 question-and-answer pairs.Empirical results show that our approach obtains much better BLEU score compared to various baselines.Furthermore, human judgment shows that MTA-LSTM has the ability to generate essays that are not only coherent but also closely related to the input topics.
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Pujari, Nitin, Sai Spoorthy, Raj Kiran, Amalna Jose, Akshay Mallya, and Gowthami S r. "AUTOMATED GENERATION OF QUESTION BANK TO ASSIST IN THE EVALUATION OF THE POSSESSED KNOWLEDGE REPRESENTED BY EXTEMPORE PARAGRAPH IN A TECHNICAL CONTEXT." In eLSE 2013. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-13-210.

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Knowledge acquisition involves complex cognitive processes and the evaluation of this knowledge plays a vital role in judging the cognitive ability of an individual. Not only does evaluation give the measure of the extent of knowledge, it also helps one to analyze the scope of improvement for an overall effective learning .Traditionally, the evaluation of one's knowledge is determined by probing the knowledge acquired in the form of questions. This paper attempts to automate the process of generating relevant question bank pertaining to the paragraph's technical context to assist in evaluation. The knowledge on a particular topic can be captured by a paragraph in the context of that domain. The current acumen of the individual in the subject pertaining to that paragraph can be determined by the technical keywords used, and their consolidation into a paragraph along with connectors. The empirical evaluation of knowledge in the domain can be implemented by posing questions from the generated question bank using the technical keywords present in the paragraph with the help of global knowledge base as the basis. The extent of the knowledge in the domain can be determined recursively by posing questions from the generated question bank which diverge from the subject of the paragraph, adhering to the domain. The above process of context-based repeated probing can be used to evaluate the breadth and depth of the knowledge of an individual in a technical context. This paper also attempts to remove the semantic redundancy of the questions generated in the question bank to achieve distinct consistency.
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Pujari, Nitin, Vikyath Harekal, A. Saikiran, Akshay Hebbar, Neha Raje, and G. Manisha. "CONTEXT BASED GENERATION OF WEIGHT AND STRENGTH FOR KEYWORDS OF TECHNICAL PARAGRAPHS." In eLSE 2013. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-13-111.

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Abstract: Technical and other knowledge is associated with human minds and contemporary persistent storage media such as disk, ROM, and cloud based storage. The quality and complexity of such knowledge is not calibrated as a metric and usually is not made available as a cognitive input to end consumers of such knowledge. Traditionally, the evaluation of one?s knowledge is determined by probing the knowledge acquired with relevant questions and assessing associated answers in that context. In the case of knowledge represented as technical paragraphs, the evaluation is carried out based on the semantics of the relevant answer given in the question's context. It is empirically observed that the evaluator judges semantics of the context based answer by examining the quality of technical keywords and the connectors used and represented by the respective language in which it is written. This is understood to be achieved naturally by associating cognition based weight and strength, whose formal definitions are introduced in this paper, to the keywords in that context. This paper attempts to automate the process of associating weight and strength to the technical keywords of a paragraph in the respective domain and sub-domain knowledge context represented by valid and relevant technical literature. This is achieved by parsing the technical paragraph. Subsequent to parsing, the keyword tokens are mapped to the knowledge base and domain based classification of keywords is carried out. This classification is used as the basis for associating weight and strength to these technical keywords. This methodology has been tested out on variable size technical paragraphs in homogenous and heterogeneous domain-sub domain context. Consistency of similar patterns of technical weight and strength were observed.
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Song, Wei, Ziyao Song, Lizhen Liu, and Ruiji Fu. "Hierarchical Multi-task Learning for Organization Evaluation of Argumentative Student Essays." In Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Seventeenth Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-PRICAI-20}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2020/536.

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Organization evaluation is an important dimension of automated essay scoring. This paper focuses on discourse element (i.e., functions of sentences and paragraphs) based organization evaluation. Existing approaches mostly separate discourse element identification and organization evaluation. In contrast, we propose a neural hierarchical multi-task learning approach for jointly optimizing sentence and paragraph level discourse element identification and organization evaluation. We represent the organization as a grid to simulate the visual layout of an essay and integrate discourse elements at multiple linguistic levels. Experimental results show that the multi-task learning based organization evaluation can achieve significant improvements compared with existing work and pipeline baselines. Multiple level discourse element identification also benefits from multi-task learning through mutual enhancement.
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Reports on the topic "Paragraphos"

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Garris, Michael D. Teaching computers to read handprinted paragraphs. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.5894.

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Muller, Richard P. Summary paragraphs for recently-awarded DOE-SC projects at Sandia in Quantum Information Science. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1481509.

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Moreno Pérez, Carlos, and Marco Minozzo. “Making Text Talk”: The Minutes of the Central Bank of Brazil and the Real Economy. Madrid: Banco de España, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53479/23646.

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This paper investigates the relationship between the views expressed in the minutes of the meetings of the Central Bank of Brazil’s Monetary Policy Committee (COPOM) and the real economy. It applies various computational linguistic machine learning algorithms to construct measures of the minutes of the COPOM. First, we create measures of the content of the paragraphs of the minutes using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA). Second, we build an uncertainty index for the minutes using Word Embedding and K-Means. Then, we combine these indices to create two topic-uncertainty indices. The first one is constructed from paragraphs with a higher probability of topics related to “general economic conditions”. The second topic-uncertainty index is constructed from paragraphs that have a higher probability of topics related to “inflation” and the “monetary policy discussion”. Finally, we employ a structural VAR model to explore the lasting effects of these uncertainty indices on certain Brazilian macroeconomic variables. Our results show that greater uncertainty leads to a decline in inflation, the exchange rate, industrial production and retail trade in the period from January 2000 to July 2019.
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Glimm, James, Xiaolin Li, Xiangmin Jiao, and Roman Samulyak. Mixing, Combustion, and Other Interface Dominated Flows; Paragraphs 3.2.1 A, B, C and 3.2.2 A. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada606252.

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Helland, Eric, and Seth Seabury. Are Settlements in Patent Litigation Collusive? Evidence from Paragraph IV Challenges. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, April 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w22194.

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Branstetter, Lee, Chirantan Chatterjee, and Matthew Higgins. Regulation and Welfare: Evidence from Paragraph IV Generic Entry in the Pharmaceutical Industry. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, June 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w17188.

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Muelaner, Jody Emlyn. Decarbonized Power Options for Non-road Mobile Machinery. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/epr2023002.

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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Power options for off-road vehicles differ substantially from other commercial vehicles. Battery electrification is suitable for urban construction and light agriculture, but remote mining, forestry, and road building operations will require alternative fuels.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph"><b>Decarbonized Power Options for Non-road Mobile Machinery</b> discusses these domains as well as the potential benefits and challenges of implementing fuels and energy sources such as bioenergy, e-fuels, and alcohol, as well as hydrogen, hydrocarbon, and direct methanol fuel cells.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph"><a href="https://www.sae.org/publications/edge-research-reports" target="_blank">Click here to access the full SAE EDGE</a><sup>TM</sup><a href="https://www.sae.org/publications/edge-research-reports" target="_blank"> Research Report portfolio.</a></div></div>
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Beiker, Sven. Next-generation Sensors for Automated Road Vehicles. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, February 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/epr2023003.

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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">This follow-up report to the inaugural SAE EDGE Research Report on “Unsettled Topics Concerning Sensors for Automated Road Vehicles” reviews the progress made in automated vehicle (AV) sensors over the past four to five years. Additionally, it addresses persistent disagreement and confusion regarding certain terms for describing sensors, the different strengths and shortcomings of particular sensors, and procedures regarding how to specify and evaluate them.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph"><b>Next-gen Automated Road Vehicle Sensors</b> summarizes current trends and debates (e.g., sensor fusion, embedded AI, simulation) as well as future directions and needs.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph"><a href="https://www.sae.org/publications/edge-research-reports" target="_blank">Click here to access the full SAE EDGE</a><sup>TM</sup><a href="https://www.sae.org/publications/edge-research-reports" target="_blank"> Research Report portfolio.</a></div></div>
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Kozumplik, Brian J. Electric Vehicle Recharge Time, Reliability, and Interoperability. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/epr2022028.

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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">As more consumers and operators adopt electric vehicles (EVs) as personal and fleet vehicles, questions regarding recharge time, reliability, and interoperability of EV supply equipment and charging systems currently in use across North America and Europe remain. The current lack of understanding has led to consumer anxiety and, in some cases, inadvertent abuse and mishandling of electric supply equipment.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph"><b>Electric Vehicle Recharge Time, Reliability, and Interoperability</b> navigates issues such as charging equipment reliability; the complexity Interoperability concerning charging networks, EVs, and payment systems; various public and private charging network issues; and lagging regulations and standards. While many challenges need to be addressed, this report also identifies the improvements made since early adoption of EV charging technology as well as ongoing efforts to improve it further. </div><div class="htmlview paragraph"><a href="https://www.sae.org/publications/edge-research-reports" target="_blank">Click here to access the full SAE EDGE</a><sup>TM</sup><a href="https://www.sae.org/publications/edge-research-reports" target="_blank"> Research Report portfolio.</a></div></div>
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Coyner, Kelley, and Jason Bittner. Automated Vehicles and Infrastructure Enablers: Electrification. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/epr2022029.

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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Highly automated vehicles are being developed alongside a variety of novel, disruptive technologies and a global focus on reducing greenhouse gas emissions from transportation. ADS can reduce emissions and improve fuel efficiency for vehicles powered by traditional internal combustion engines. Electric motors can further raise the bar for both those areas, especially if the power used to charge an electric vehicle is generated from renewable sources. However, implementing electrified AVs requires a viable charging infrastructure. </div><div class="htmlview paragraph"><b>Automated Vehicles and Infrastructure Enablers: Electrification</b> covers issues concerning infrastructure and the electrification of all forms of vehicles: heavy-duty vehicles like trucks and buses, light-duty vehicles like cars and vans, micro-mobility, and new form factors. </div><div class="htmlview paragraph"><a href="https://www.sae.org/publications/edge-research-reports" target="_blank">Click here to access the full SAE EDGE</a><sup>TM</sup><a href="https://www.sae.org/publications/edge-research-reports" target="_blank"> Research Report portfolio.</a></div></div>
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