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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Paradise regained'
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1
Learmonth, Nicola K., and n/a. "Definitions of obedience in Paradise regained." University of Otago. Department of English, 2007. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20071108.162331.
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The thesis has two parts. Part One surveys the debate on how to define Christian obedience and Milton�s prose contributions to that discourse. In the century leading up to Milton�s prose writings there was much debate in England over how to define spiritual obedience. Civil authorities argued that matters of religion fell within state jurisdiction and that an individual�s spiritual obedience should be subject to outward scrutiny and external control; but these definitions were contested by Protestant reformers. Chapter One traces the issue up to Milton�s contributions.
Chapter Two traces Milton�s thinking about obedience, spiritual and secular, through his own prose writings: Milton defines obedience as a responsible freedom which requires continual critical assessment of authority. In reaction to the political and ecclesiastical developments of his own time, Milton places increasing emphasis on the role of the individual in defining and expressing obedience to God by means of scriptural study and open discussion. Milton argues that liberty is a necessary pre-condition for giving true obedience to God, and this idea comes to the fore in the later prose tracts, which respond to political and ecclesiastical developments that Milton interpreted as threatening the individual�s liberty of conscience.
Part Two examines Paradise Regained (1671), in which Milton advances his interpretation of obedience through his characterisation of the Son of God. Chapter Three shows how Milton links those forms of Christian obedience which he rejects in his prose writing to either Satan or satanic influence. Through his depiction of the Son�s responses to Satan, Milton indicates that Satan�s versions of obedience are designed to distract the Son, and any other believer, from giving proper obedience to God.
Chapter Four traces how Milton�s depiction of the Son of God demonstrates his understanding of the right reasons for, and ways of, giving proper obedience to God. The Son�s firm obedience is a state of mind and comprises knowledge of God through scriptural study, conversation and meditation. This exemplary obedience is motivated by an appreciation for and desire to participate in God�s glory (ie., Creation), and Milton indicates that it is this appreciation of divine glory that enables the Son of God to successfully resist Satan�s temptations.
Chapter Five examines Milton�s final episode, the pinnacle temptation, in terms of the obedience which he has approved throughout the poem. This chapter addresses Milton�s handling of the reader�s expectations for this scene, and the symbolic language and setting of the pinnacle episode. Unlike any other writers on the temptations in the wilderness, Milton invests the Son�s victory (and Satan�s defeat) on the pinnacle with symbolic power by depicting the Son standing in firm obedience to God. Thus Milton presents his reader with the definitive expression of humanity�s obedience to God: the Son�s stand is a symbolic return to the "Godlike erect" stance ascribed to prelapsarian humanity in Paradise Lost (PL, IV.289), and with this firm, upright obedience Milton shows the rest of humanity how to regain Paradise.
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Rushdy, Ashraf H. A. "The empty garden : an interpretation of Paradise Regained." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333321.
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SUZUKI, SHIGEO, and 繁夫 鈴木. "Antaeus and the Sphinx : Vanitas and Natura in Paradise Regained." 名古屋大学大学院国際言語文化研究科, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/7930.
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Graham, E. A. "Milton and seventeenth century individualism : language and identity in 'Paradise Lost', 'Paradise Regained' and 'Samson Agonistes'." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376133.
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Johnson, Brooke. ""Wand'ring this Woody Maze": Deciphering the Obscure Wilderness of Paradise Regained." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3749.
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The setting of Milton’s great sequel is puzzling, being called a desert and a “waste wild” (IV. 523) repeatedly and at the same time including descriptions of protective oaks and woody mazes. These conflicting descriptions conjure up several questions: In which environment does the epic take place? Because Milton is so detailed in his adaptations of biblical narrative the inclusion of trees is quite perplexing. While he does tend to expand biblical narrative quite frequently – e.g. Paradise Lost – he rarely initiates a change without just cause. The crux of this particular change centers on what this just cause could be. How does the addition of a few trees change the overall effect of Milton’s brief epic? This thesis thus attempts to find further meaning in Paradise Regained’s setting by exploring three possibilities for this just cause while uncovering what the concept of a tree/forest means in early modern England.
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Mason, John Robert. "To Milton through Dryden and Pope, or, God, man and nature : 'Paradise Lost' regained?" Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1987. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/250913.
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This thesis handles a number of passages in the poems of Dryden and Pope which show that both poets had been deeply impressed by Paradise Lost. These passages are so various and numerous (this is one of the principal claims to novelty of this thesis) that it is no longer possible to maintain that Milton was in different ways an isolated figure. Secondly, the effect on both poets of these passages they admired in Paradise Lost is such as to justify the claim that in important respects Milton made Dryden and Pope. The principal point of this thesis is to provide evidence suggesting that the implied verdict on Paradise Lost which emerges from Dryden's and Pope's manifold uses of the poem in producing their own poetry, is radically unlike any of the verdicts pronounced on Paradise Lost by the most gifted readers of poetry during the years from Wordsworth's death down to the present. In Dryden and Pope there was a common underlying estimate of the permanent worth of Paradise Lost. This finding entails an examination of the nature and development of the divergent tradition, which is traced back to a point in the middle years of the nineteenth century, and has been maintained without substantial addition or modification until recent times. However, the bulk of the thesis is not polemical. God, Man and Nature are the topics which principally stirred the two poets in their reading of Paradise Lost. Nevertheless, neither Dryden nor Pope separated their feelings for Milton's Nature from their feelings for Milton's Man and Milton's God. The nature found by Dryden and Pope was a nature crowned by human nature, but was invisible until they were confronted by the intermingling and interpenetration of the human and the divine. Common to Dryden and Pope was the conviction that Paradise Lost was a unique creation and unique above all because these three elements were so interrelated, and one could never be isolated without involving all the others. The whole question of what constitutes evidence of Dryden's and Pope's contact with Paradise Lost is examined in a separate appendix. Further appendices include lists of all the instances known to me.
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Williams, Emily Allen. "Tropical Paradise Lost and Regained: The poetic protest and prophecy of Edward Brathwaite, Claire Harris, Olive Senior, and David Dabydeen." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1997. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/476.
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This dissertation examines the poetry of four Caribbean poets: Edward Brathwaite, Claire Harris, Olive Senior, and David Dabydeen. A presentation of the background issues which shape their voices of protest and prophecy, stemming from the colonization of the Caribbean region, governs the discussion. While the African ancestry of the poets Brathwaite, Harris, and Senior provides the cohesion of this critical analysis, Dabydeen, of East Indian ancestry, fits within the matrix of this analysis due to the thematic centering of his poetry on the issues of dislocation and dispossession surrounding the colonization of the Caribbean region. This analysis is organized into six chapters. Chapter One, the introduction, presents a historical overview ofthe Caribbean region and the scope of this dissertation. Chapters Two through Five are devoted to an analysis of selected works of each poet. Finally, Chapter Six synthesizes the powerful notes of protest and prophecy sounded by each of these poets in their quest for a home which empowers and embraces its people, a Paradise Regained.
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Doss, Helen Michelle. "Subjectivity, opposition, and subversion : divine illumination, right reason, and the revision of the experimental scientiic method in John Milton's Paradise regained /." Diss., Digital Dissertations Database. Restricted to UC campuses, 2004. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
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Lorino, Jr Jeffrey. "They Actively Serve Who Stand and Wait: The Rudiment of Faithful Obedience Rousing Patient Activity in Paradise Regained and Samson Agonistes." OpenSIUC, 2010. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/389.
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How does one discuss action in John Milton's poetry? In Milton's Sonnet XIX, the concluding line reads, "They also serve who only stand and waite." Critics have examined Milton's writing and its relation to the theopolitical context of early modern England and have debated over the poet's political stance. Does "stand and wait" suggest a quietist approach? The poet's curious line indeed suggests a specific type of activity in the face of the theological and political turmoil of seventeenth century England. However, it advocates patient activity. The problem then revolves around what constitutes patience in action. Milton, in his last two published poems of 1671, Paradise Regained and Samson Agonistes, rearticulates the nature of theopolitical action within his poetry. Paradise Regained does not deal with Christ's Passion as the event that ushers in salvation, but looks at the private temptations Jesus undergoes in the desert. Milton chooses to focus on the inward process of the Son of God - that which fosters the "great warfare" that will defeat Sin and Death: obedience. However, how does the Son obey a divine will he does not have access to? I maintain that it is through an intricate, inward process that involves reading scripture, receiving the gift of the Holy Spirit on the heart, and checking the conscience for faith that one is obeying divine will. Faith and obedience work in tandem when actively serving God and the Son of God models the consummate virtue of faithful obedience. Samson Agonistes focuses on outward activity in the world. Samson is a servant of God who announces divine inspiration prospectively, and in that way, he attempts to carry out God's plan on his own accord. Ironically, Samson declares that his final act is "of my own accord," but the phrase is infused with patience. Tracking the language of intimation, the key event in Samson's progression occurs in the real time description of his present motivation as "rousing," and not divine. The act proceeds of his own accord, but not at the behest of God. Paradise Regained champions the hero of the consummate virtue of faithful obedience, while Samson Agonistes portrays that virtue in action. The Son of God shows that scripture will feed his mind "holy meditations" that grant the gift of the spirit on the heart. This "inner oracle" allows for proper reading and interpretation of scripture. This is important because the scripture is the word of God in accommodated form. It is the only source for the sanctions of a divine will. In this way, the conscience then communicates the human will with the divine will by checking action against the sanctions of divine will as gleaned from the Bible. However, this is not an absolute knowledge of God's will - nor assurance of activity in relation to Providence - but faith that one's action is adhering to divine will. The action accords with divine will when faith and obedience are in harmony within the conscience. In this way, the Son of God and Samson display patient activity in waiting for the consummation of God's will on God's terms, and not by trying to effectuate providential aims through their actions alone.
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White, Edmund C. "The concept of discipline : poetry, rhetoric, and the Church in the works of John Milton." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:53045aa1-8ed3-4b24-b561-65fc03afaf13.
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Discipline was an enduring concept in the works of John Milton (1608-1674), yet its meaning shifted over the course of his career: initially he held that it denoted ecclesiastical order, but gradually he turned to representing it as self-willed pious action. My thesis examines this transformation by analysing Milton’s complex engagement in two distinct periods: the 1640s and the 1660s-70s. In Of Reformation (1641), Milton echoed popular contemporary demands for a reformation of church discipline, but also asserted through radical literary experimentation that poetry could discipline the nation too (Chapter 1). Reflecting his dislike for intolerant Presbyterians in Parliament and the Westminster Assembly, the two versions of The Doctrine and Discipline of Divorce (1643 and 1644) reconsider discipline as a moral imperative for all men, rooted in domestic liberty (Chapter 2). Although written long after this period, the long poetry that Milton composed after the Restoration reveals his continued interrogation of the concept. The invocations of the term ‘discipline’ by Milton’s angels in Paradise Lost (1667) sought to encourage dissenting readers to faithfulness and co-operation (Chapter 3). Paradise Regained and Samson Agonistes (1671) advance the concept in the language of ‘piety,’ emphasising that ‘pious hearts’ are the precondition for godly action in opposition to contemporary Anglican ‘holy living’ (Chapter 4). In analysing Milton’s shifting concept of discipline, my thesis contributes to scholarship by showing his sensitivity to contemporary mainstream religious ideas, outlining the Christian—as opposed to republican or Stoic—notions of praxis that informed his ethics, and emphasising the disciplinary aspect of his doctrinal thought. Overall, it holds that in discipline, as word and concept, Milton expressed his faith in the capacity of writing to change its reader, morally and spiritually.
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Cowser, Steven John. "The politics of sacred history in Eikonklastes, Paradise Lost and Paradise Regain'd." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.554362.
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This thesis examines the political dimension and underlying continuities of John Milton's use of biblical and reformation history in Eikonklastes, Paradise Lost, and Paradise Regain 'd. In Chapter I, the rhetorical tactics of Eikonoklastes-particularly the prefatory material-represent an attempt to outline a different notion of civic and spiritual security, independent of monarchical oversight, and are presented as crucial contexts for the political ambitions of Milton's later epic poetry. The discussion of Paradise Lost as a text deeply interested in the contemporaneous rhetoric of security is contained in the prolegomena and Chapters II and Ill. Chapter II is a consideration of Milton's redaction of Old Testament history in the epic catalogue of Book I, in which I argue that key elements of its interaction with epic convention have been overlooked; this reading offers a more appropriate understanding of Milton's own perception of societal decline and proposes an oppositional commentary on the shortcomings of Restoration England's polity. I argue that Milton's presentation of both Edenic security and prelapsarian prayer in Chapter III are not only distinct to him, in literary and social terms, but are also explicable as interventions on contemporary anxiety over the relationship between Church and State. Finally, in Chapter IV I contend that Paradise Regain 'd is the most authoritative poetic expression of Milton's mature political thinking via a re-examination of its genre, protagonist, and non-traditional banquet temptation. Having established the conspicuous political identity of the poem's content and form, I then discuss how the poem's use of biblical history is structured to oppose contemporaneous appeals to the 'common good' and quiescence at any price.
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Hejnowicz, Adam. "Ecosystem services : theories and applications : opportunities for humanity to regain paradise." Thesis, University of York, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/15846/.
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Ecosystem services, the benefits humans derive from nature, represents a radical departure in our perception of linked environmental and social problems and the actions we need to undertake to address those urgent challenges. Due to its increasingly widespread policy prominence, understanding and appraising its conceptual and practical benefits whilst at the same time acknowledging its potential pitfalls represents an important endeavour. Comprising seven parts and sixteen chapters, the first five parts of the thesis outline the main environmental and social challenges we face, presenting the core foundations, contemporary debates and developments in ecosystem services scholarship, whilst also underlining its increasing coalescence with sustainability discourse. In Part 6 we focus on a key application of ecosystem services with respect to its translation into incentive-based environmental management schemes, namely: payment for ecosystem service programmes and agri-environment schemes. We present a systematic global analysis of payment for ecosystem services programmes, highlighting the successes and challenges they face, whilst also providing an approach to improve their design and evaluation as a route to maximise their effectiveness. Turning our attention to a globally significant ecosystem, the thesis assesses the prospects for jointly developing seagrass Blue Carbon initiatives and payment for ecosystem service schemes, arguing that complementing these activities would produce significant climate, conservation and livelihood benefits. Switching contexts, from focusing on incentive schemes primarily in operation in developing countries to those designed to balance productivity and conservation matters in the agricultural sector of developed countries – the thesis explores the stakeholder and institutional factors affecting agri-environment scheme operation and implementation through the eyes of key operatives. Finally, in Part 7, I argue that a landscape framing and approach to ecosystem services provides an effective route to improve environmental management decision-making and policy as well as comprehensively addressing the linkages between ecosystem services and human-wellbeing.
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Yang, Chien-Wei. "Hope and Despair in Milton's Samson Agonistes and Paradise Regained." 2004. http://www.cetd.com.tw/ec/thesisdetail.aspx?etdun=U0001-3007200413032700.
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Yang, Chien-Wei, and 楊健威. "Hope and Despair in Milton''s Samson Agonistes and Paradise Regained." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/11127311800587721309.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
外國語文學研究所
92
Hope and Despair in Milton’s Samson Agonistes and Paradise Regained Abstract This thesis aims to explore the notions of hope and despair in Milton’s companion poems, Paradise Regained and Samson Agonistes. In the first chapter, I will define and establish the notions of hope and despair in the Christian context by examining the configurations of these two ideas in the Bible, fathers of the church, and representative reformation theologians. A broader contextual study will include renaissance poets and prose writers and one emblem author. The second chapter presents an outline and discussion of the critical history of these two poems, and I will focus upon critics’ reading of hope and despair in these two poems. The third and fourth chapters are devoted to Samson Agonistes and Paradise Regained respectively. Samson and Christ exemplify true hope. A false hope is then embraced by Samson’s visitors, the Chorus, Manoa, Dalila, and Harapha, and the Philistines, and Jesus’ tempter, Satan. In these two chapters, a revelation of the causal relationship between other virtues, faith, patience, and confidence, and hope will enhance our understanding of Christian hope. Milton’s treatments of hope as an act and a tangible being can be evidenced in the protagonists of his two major poems. Samson conquers his near-despair, withstands temptations of false hope and despair, and eventually regains hope as God’s chosen. Jesus passes the trials of faith and patience, maturing in self-knowledge, defeating the despairing Devil, and proving himself as Hope of mankind. The epilogue of the thesis is intended to compare Milton’s representations of hope in Samson and Christ.
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Newberry, Julie Nicole. "Giving and Thanksgiving: Gratitude and Adiaphora in A Mask and Paradise Regained." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-08-10074.
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John Milton begins his Second Defence of the English People by stressing the universal importance of gratitude: "In the whole life and estate of man the first duty is to be grateful to God." Peter Medine has shown the prominence of gratitude in Paradise Lost, but scholars have not fully appreciated the role of this virtue elsewhere in Milton's writing. This thesis is an attempt to redress that oversight with reference to A Mask and Paradise Regained, while also answering a question that Medine raises but does not satisfactorily resolve: Why gratitude? Both texts have been read as responses to the early modern debate about the doctrine of things indifferent, or adiaphora, and I argue that this context helps explain Milton's interest in gratitude. The first section of this thesis accordingly reviews the historical and theological context of the adiaphora controversy, while the second examines Milton's more direct treatment of things indifferent and gratitude, primarily in De Doctrina Christiana. In the remaining sections, historical and literary analysis of A Mask and Paradise Regained illuminates how Milton addresses tensions in the doctrine of things indifferent by emphasizing gratitude.
Of the commonly recognized criteria for directing the use of adiaphora—the rule of faith, the rule of charity, and the glorification of God, often through gratitude—gratitude toward God frequently receives less thorough attention, yet Milton gives it a prominent role in A Mask and allows it to overshadow the other guidelines in Paradise Regained. Although gratitude is itself sometimes subject to manipulation in these texts, both A Mask and Paradise Regained suggest that the requirement of God-ward gratitude can serve as a check against subtle distortions of the other guidelines. The effectiveness of this strategy stems from the fact that the vices gratitude guards against—self-indulgent ingratitude, stoical ingratitude, and idolatry—are the vices that underlie licentiousness and superstition, the primary abuses of the doctrine of things indifferent. Milton's privileging of gratitude thus provides a way of cross-checking appeals to the more contested criteria of faith and love, protecting the doctrine of things indifferent from perversions that would undermine Christian liberty.
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Simpson, Kenneth Richard Adams. "The Word as sacrament: literary ecclesiology in Milton’s prose and Paradise regained." Thesis, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/7504.
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This dissertation argues that Milton develops a coherent and consistent literary
ecclesiology throughout his prose works and "Paradise Regained". The authority,
ministry, discipline, and jurisdiction of the church are all transformed by Milton’s literary humanism. Chapter one shows that because the textual and christological domains are analogous and sometimes identical in Milton’s prose, reading scripture and writing in response to it are sacramental and liturgical events performed for the universal
church. Chapter two outlines the assumptions about reading and writing which make the Word a sacrament, the cornerstone of Milton’s literary ecciesiology. Chapter three describes Milton’s view that the ministry and liturgy of the church consist in acts of
authentic creation by inspired authors. Chapter four discusses Milton’s idea that
church discipline is the culmination of a rational process of edification and education
within each individual rather than an external standard of behaviour or government for the church. Chapter five shows that in "Paradise Regained", Milton not only argues on behalf of the spiritual kingdom of Christ against the intrusion of the state in religious matters throughout the Restoration, but also brings together his views of the authority, ministry, and discipline of the Word to present a unified image of his literary ecclesiology.
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Chan, Chia Ling, and 詹嘉玲. "Paradise Regained:A Reader-Oriented Reading of Saul Bellow's Herzog." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/34941845051249314749.
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