Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'PAR methodology'
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Golra, Fahad Rafique. "A Refinement based methodology for software process modeling." Télécom Bretagne, 2014. http://www.telecom-bretagne.eu/publications/publication.php?idpublication=14184.
Full textThere is an increasing trend to consider the processes of an organization as one of its highly valuable assets. Processes are the reusable assets of an organization which define the procedures of routine working for accomplishing its goals. The software industry has the potential to become one of the most internationally dispersed high-tech industry. With growing importance of software and services sector, standardization of processes is also becoming crucial to maintain credibility in the market. Software development processes follow a lifecycle that is very similar to the software development lifecycle. Similarly, multiple phases of a process development lifecycle follow an iterative/incremental approach that leads to continuous process improvement. This incremental approach calls for a refinement based strategy to develop, execute and maintain software development processes. This thesis develops a conceptual foundation for refinement based development of software processes keeping in view the precise requirements for each individual phase of process development lifecycle. It exploits model driven engineering to present a multi-metamodel framework for the development of software processes, where each metamodel corresponds to a different phase of a process. A process undergoes a series of refinements till it is enriched with execution capabilities. Keeping in view the need to comply with the adopted standards, the architecture of process modeling approach exploits the concept of abstraction. This mechanism also caters for special circumstances where a software enterprise needs to follow multiple process standards for the same project. On the basis of the insights gained from the examination of contemporary offerings in this domain, the proposed process modeling framework tends to foster an architecture that is developed around the concepts of ``design by contract" and ``design for reuse". This allows to develop a process model that is modular in structure and guarantees the correctness of interactions between the constituent activities. Separation of concerns being the motivation, data-flow within a process is handled at a different abstraction level than the control-flow. Conformance between these levels allows to offer a bi-layered architecture that handles the flow of data through an underlying event management system. An assessment of the capabilities of the proposed approach is provided through a comprehensive patterns-based analysis, which allows a direct comparison of its functionality with other process modeling approaches
Groux-Leclet, Dominique. "Une approche par plans et par modélisation du domaine appliquée à l'enseignement de la rhumatologie : le système ARIADE : Apprentissage de la Rhumatologie Intelligemment Assistée par orDinatEur." Compiègne, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993COMP666S.
Full textRekik, Saoussen. "Methodology for a model based timing analysis process for automotive systems." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00647906.
Full textTecuci, Gheorghe. "Disciple : a theory, methodology and system for learning expert knowledge." Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112209.
Full textThis thesis presents DISCIPLE, a system illustrating a theory and a methodology for learning expert knowledge. DISCIPLE integrates a learning system and an empty expert system, both using the same knowledge base. It is provided with an initial domain theory and learns problem solving rules from the problem solving steps received from its expert user, during interactive problem solving sessions. In this way, DISCIPLE evolves from a helpful assistant in problem solving to a genuine expert. The problem solving method of DISCIPLE combines problem reduction, problem solving by constraints, and problem solving by analogy. The learning method of DISCIPLE depends of its knowledge about the problem solving step (the example) from which it learns. In the context of a complete theory about the example, DISCIPLE uses explanation based learning to improve its performance. In the context of a weak theory about the example, it synergistically combines explanation - based learning, learning by analogy, and empirical learning, developing its competence. In the context of an incomplete theory about the example, DISCIPLE learns by Combining the above mentioned methods, improving both its competence and performance
Ramaswamy, Arunkumar. "A model-driven framework development methodology for robotic systems." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLY011/document.
Full textMost innovative applications having robotic capabilities like self-driving cars are developed from scratch with little reuse of design or code artifacts from previous similar projects. As a result, work at times is duplicated adding time and economic costs. Absence of integrated tools is the real barrier that exists between early adopters of standardization efforts and early majority of research and industrial community. These software intensive systems are composed of distributed, heterogeneous software components interacting in a highly dynamic, uncertain environment. However, no significant systematic software development process is followed in robotics research. The process of developing robotic software frameworks and tools for designing robotic architectures is expensive both in terms of time and effort, and absence of systematic approach may result in ad hoc designs that are not flexible and reusable. Making architecture meta-framework a point of conformance opens new possibilities for interoperability and knowledge sharing in the architecture and framework communities. We tried to make a step in this direction by proposing a common model and by providing a systematic methodological approach that helps in specifying different aspects of software architecture development and their interplay in a framework
Meziane, Aïcha. "Circulation et aeration engendrees par des mobiles d'agitation immerges a axe horizontal dans un chenal d'oxydation." Toulouse, INSA, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ISAT0026.
Full textOliveira, Rodrigues Antonio Wendell de. "A methodology to develop high performance applications on GPGPU architectures : application to simulation of electrical machines." Thesis, Lille 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL10029/document.
Full textComplex physical phenomena can be numerically simulated by mathematical techniques. Usually, these techniques are based on discretization of partial differential equations that govern these phenomena. Hence, these simulations enable the solution of large-scale systems. The parallelization of algorithms of numerical simulation, i.e., their adaptation to parallel processing architectures, is an aim to reach in order to hinder exorbitant execution times. The parallelism has been imposed at the level of processor architectures and graphics cards are now used for purposes of general calculation, also known as "General- Purpose GPU". The clear benefit is the excellent performance/price ratio. This thesis addresses the design of high-performance applications for simulation of electrical machines. We provide a methodology based on Model Driven Engineering (MDE) to model an application and its execution architecture in order to generate OpenCL code. Our goal is to assist specialists in algorithms of numerical simulations to create a code that runs efficiently on GPGPU architectures. To ensure this, we offer a compilation model chain that takes into account several aspects of the OpenCL programming model. In addition, we provide model transformations that analyze some levels of optimizations based on the characteristics of the architecture. As an experimental validation, the methodology is applied to the creation of an application that solves a linear system resulting from the Finite Element Method (FEM). In this case, we show, among other things, the ability of the methodology of scaling by a simple modification of the number of available GPU devices
Quadri, Imran Rafiq. "MARTE based model driven design methodology for targeting dynamically reconfigurable FPGA based SoCs." Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00486483.
Full textPicot, Ondine. "Homoallylation énantiosélective d'aldéhydes par des diènes 1,3. Vers la synthèse de la (-)-spongidepsine." Thesis, Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPSLS030.
Full text-)-Spongidepsin is a cyclodepsipeptide isolated from the marine sponge Spongia sp. This compound exhibitscytotoxic and antiproliferative activities against several cancer cell lines. Until now, five total syntheses and two formal ones have already been reported, all of them including a disconnection of (-)-spongidepsin into three fragments: a carboxylic acid (C1-C5), a bis-homoallylic alcohol (C6-C13) and N-methyl-phenylalanine. Our objective was to develop a flexible, short and scalable synthesis of (-)-spongidepsin that could be used for further biological studies and for the preparation of analogs. The synthesis of the acid fragment was achieved according to reported procedure. To access the C6-C13 fragment, an unprecedented enantioselective nickel-catalyzed homoallylation of aldehydes with dienes was developed. The reaction was performed using a combination of NiCl2 with enantio enriched phosphoramidites derived from BINOL in the presence of a hydrogen donor, Et2Zn and a 1,3-diene. A range of aromatic, aliphatic and α,β-unsaturated aldehydes were transformed into the corresponding bis-homoallylic alcohols with moderate to good yields and enantioselectivity. The method was successfully applied to the synthesis of C6-C13 fragment of (-)-spongidepsin
Kabalan, Bilal. "Systematic methodology for generation and design of hybrid vehicle powertrains." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSE1048.
Full textTo meet the vehicle fleet-wide average CO2 targets, the stringent pollutant emissions standards, and the clients’ new demands, the automakers realized the inevitable need to offer more hybrid and electric powertrains. Designing a hybrid powertrain remains however a complex task. It is an intricate system involving numerous variables that are spread over different levels: architecture, component technologies, sizing, and control. The industry lacks frameworks or tools that help in exploring the entire design space and in finding the global optimal solution on all these levels. This thesis proposes a systematic methodology that tries to answer a part of this need. Starting from a set of chosen components, the methodology automatically generates all the possible graphs of architectures using constraint-programming techniques. A tailored representation is developed to picture these graphs. The gearbox elements (clutches, synchronizer units) are represented with a level of details appropriate to generate the new-trend dedicated hybrid gearboxes, without making the problem too complex. The graphs are then transformed into other types of representation: 0ABC Table (describing the mechanical connections between the components), Modes Table (describing the available modes in the architectures) and Modes Table + (describing for each available mode the global efficiency and ratio of the power flow between all the components). Based on these representations, the architectures are filtered and the most promising ones are selected. They are automatically assessed and optimized using a general hybrid model specifically developed to calculate the performance and fuel consumption of all the generated architectures. This model is inserted inside a bi-level optimization process: Genetic Algorithm GA is used on the sizing and components level, while Dynamic Programming DP is used on the control level. A case study is performed and the capability of the methodology is proven. It succeeded in automatically generating all the graphs of possible architectures, and filtering dismissed architectures that were then proven not efficient. It also selected the most promising architectures for optimization. The results show that the proposed methodology succeeded in finding an architecture better than the ones proposed without the methodology (consumption about 5% lower)
Istoan, Paul. "Methodology for the derivation of product behaviour in a Software Product Line." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00925479.
Full textDaghsen, Ahmed. "Methodology of analysis and optimization of real-time embedded systems : application to automotive field." Compiègne, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013COMP2062.
Full textToday, the design and development of automotive software system becomes very complex. This complexity is due to the high number of functions, execution codes and diversity of communication bus embedded in the vehicle. Also, the heterogeneity of the architecture makes the design of such system more difficult and time consuming. The introduction of Model-Based Development (MBD) in the automotive field promised to improve the development process by allowing continuity between requirements definition, system design and the distributed system implementation. In the same direction, the apparition of AUTOSAR consortium standardized the design of such automotive embedded system by allowing the portability of software functions on the hardware architecture and their reuse. It defines a set of rules and interfaces to design, interconnect, deploy and configure a set of application software components (SWCs). However, designing an embedded system according to AUTOSAR standard necessitates the configuration of hundreds of parameters and requires several software allocation decisions. Each decision may influence the system performance and also the development cost. This architectural complexity leads to a large design decision space which is difficult to be explored without using an analytical method or a design tool. We introduce in this thesis a methodology that permits to assist and help the system designer to configure an AUTOSAR-compliant system. This is based on the Design Space Exploration (DSE) framework that permits to evaluate and analyze several design alternatives in order to identify the optimal solutions. The DSE task relies on a multi-objectives evolutionary algorithm. The DSE could be performed for two purposes : (1) the mapping of SWCs to ECUs and the mapping of runnables (code entities) to OS tasks, (2) the configuration of the software parameters like OS tasks priorities and types. The flexibility and scalability of the DSE framework allows applying it to other description and modeling languages such as SysML/MARTE
Cerisier, Ambre. "Prédiction du comportement d'une réparation structurale collée en escalier : application d'une méthodologie par évaluateurs technologiques." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30120/document.
Full textBonded repair is an issue more and more brought to attention in the aeronautical industry due to the rise of composite materials in primary structures. If most studies in the literature are focused on bonded interface on small-sized coupons, this PhD dissertation intends to design a technological evaluator that represents issues due to their wide sizes, which would enable the study of the influence of several processes on the behavior of the bonded interface of a structural step-lap repair. In order to reach this goal, a major part of the work involved the setting up of a numerical strategy, light in CPU time and adapted to the study of a multi-step repaired structure, with representative dimensions. This numerical step is fed by upstream studies, done on coupons, and that lead us to find a mixed failure indicator of the adhesive film. Once the numerical choices validated, they were applied to find the design of a technological evaluator, as well as its loading kinematics, meant to place the latter in a representative industrial situation. They were both tested thanks to a multi axial test machine
Soklou, Kossi Efouako. "Synthèse d'hétérospirocycles par hydroaminations et hydroalkoxylations d'alcynes catalysées par l'or (I) - Méthodologie et application au développement de fragments spirocycliques pour la chimie médicinale." Thesis, Orléans, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ORLE3066.
Full textThe synthesis of spiro [4.5] or [5.5] nitrogen or oxygen containing molecules with a bond between the carbon spirocenter and the nitrogen or oxygen atom remains a challenge, even if these fragments are represented in nature as well as in the therapeutic arsenal. To overcome this constraint, we have developed a general method of gold (I) catalyzed spirocyclization through the hydroamination or hydroalkoxylation of alkynes. In the first part of this thesis, we optimized spirocycle formation in both the nitrogen and oxygen series using conditions based on JohnPhosAu(CH3CN)SbF6 with unsubstituted alkynes. This also gave access to original tricyclic spirocycles by cascade reactions. We then demonstrated the robustness of our method with respect to chiral compounds. In the second part of this work, the spirocyclization method was extended to di-substituted alkynes using the combined JohnPhosAuCl/AgNTf2 catalyst. In the third part, we transformed our different spirocycles to increase molecular diversity. Intramolecular Mizoroki-Heck reactions provided original and stable tetracyclic spirocycles while other reactions such as double bond reduction increased both stability and 3D molecular space. With these fragments in hand, a medicinal chemistry program was initiated and spirocyclic compounds were developed as selective kinase inhibitors
Erramli, Hassane. "Développement des techniques de dosimétrie appliquées à la datation par thermoluminescence." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986CLF21045.
Full textCaillard, Pierre. "Conception par optimisation d'une chaine de traction électrique et de son contrôle par modélisation multi-physique." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ECLI0025/document.
Full textThe works of this thesis concern the optimal design methodology of an electric vehicl powertrain, in early development phase. The first part of this report introduces th environmental context of transportation in order to assess the problem of system design o an electric powertrain which includes a transmission, an induction machine, an inverter an a battery. The selected study case is a Renault Twizy. The second part deals with modelin choices and details the analytic models of the components. Then these models are pu together to get an estimate of the vehicle range, by calculating the components’ losses an the powertrain cost. The third part is devoted to methods and optimization strategies wit the objective to use the systemic model with driving cycles, electric machine control and th physics of each component, without increasing too much computing times. The final par presents results from optimal designs, by comparing several variables or objectives sets Results show how significant the systemic design is. Experiments on a test bench allow validating the hypothesis that have been made
Zhang, Jiaping. "Oxidation protection of carbon/carbon composites and non-destructive characterization methodology development." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS439.
Full textCarbon fiber reinforced carbon composites (C/C) possess many unique properties, such as low-density (< 2.0 g/cm3), high specific strength/modulus, low coefficient of thermal expansion and excellent thermal shock resistance. They have been used as the structural materials in vehicle heat shields and aircraft brakes. However, carbon is sensitive to oxidation at high temperature. The main idea of this thesis is to develop oxidation/ablation protection technology for C/C, where coating technology and matrix modification were proposed. To improve the adhesive strength and relieve the thermal expansion mismatch between the coating and the substrate, blasting treatment was proposed to design an interlock coating/substrate interface. Additionally, to better evaluate the service reliability of the coating, Kossel interferences of proton-induced X-ray emissions combined with X-ray reflectivity, as a novel non-destructive characterization method, were developed. The feasibility of this method was confirmed in planar waveguides films. This methodology is promising for us to evaluate the service reliability of HfC/SiC/HfC multilayer for C/C in actual application. For the matrix modification technology, HfB2 and HfB2-SiC ceramics were introduced into C/C substrate. Combined with thermogravimetric analysis and oxidation/ablation performance measurement, the role of HfB2 and HfB2-SiC ceramics were discussed
Nasser, Yehya. "An Efficient Computer-Aided Design Methodology for FPGA&ASIC High-Level Power Estimation Based on Machine Learning." Thesis, Rennes, INSA, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ISAR0014.
Full textNowadays, advanced digital systems are required to address complex functionnalities in a very wide range of applications. Systems complexity imposes designers to respect different design constraints such as the performance, area, power consumption and the time-to-market. The best design choice is the one that respects all of these constraints. To select an efficient design, designers need to quickly assess the possible architectures. In this thesis, we focus on facilitating the evaluation of the power consumption for both signal processing and hardware design engineers, so that it is possible to maintain fast, accurate and flexible power estimation. We present NeuPowas a system-level FPGA/ASIC power estimation method based on machine learning. We exploit neural networks to aid the designers in exploring the dynamic power consumption of possible architectural solutions. NeuPow relies on propagating the signals throughout connected neural models to predict the power consumption of a composite system at high-level of abstractions. We also provide an upgraded version that is frequency aware estimation. To prove the effectiveness of the proposed methodology, assessments such as technology and scalability studies have been conducted on ASIC and FPGA. Results show very good estimationaccuracy with less than 10% of relative error independently from the technology and the design size. NeuPow maintains high design productivity, where the simulation time obtained is significantly improved compared to those obtained with conventional design tools
JARDIM, Ronandry dos Santos. "Uso de Cymbopogon citratus no controle de Rhipicephalus microplus aplicado ao Ensino T?cnico no Instituto Federal do Par? e sua difus?o na extens?o rural." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2017. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/2270.
Full textMade available in DSpace on 2018-05-03T21:21:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Ronandry dos Santos Jardim.pdf: 1388007 bytes, checksum: afd505b9cd8923ab58f1ee181aba3393 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-18
This work deals with how the technology of phytotherapeutic use can be effective in combating bovine ticks as a means of demonstrating how the research can be used to construct a meaningful knowledge, theoretically supporting the conception of research as an educational principle of Demo (2011) and meaningful learning, Ausubel (1982). It was highlighted the diffusion of this technology among the students of the course and community in general. The objective of this study is to evaluate the contribution of the use of an alternative to control the bovine tick, as a teaching method in students' learning, about the importance, use and diffusion of the phytotherapic in tick control. For the development of this work, the research-action modality according to Kemmis and MC Taggart, (1988) was used methodologically and the qualitative approach in the experiments in the laboratory by means of visualization of the effectiveness of the phytotherapic for test of efficiency and the hatchability of the Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus teleglion eggs similar to the work developed by Heimerdinger (2005). Also, in the reading of the data this study is inserted in the qualitative approach having as a technique for data analysis the content analysis Laurence Bardin (2009). The subjects of the research were three students from the Agricultural Technical Course Integrated to the High School of the IFPA / CRMB who effectively participated in the researches in the laboratory and in the field, and 30 students of the same course who participated in the diffusion of the knowledge in the classroom. This study demonstrated that the use of research as an educational principle aroused the interest of as many students directly involved in the research as of students in the classroom, thus producing a significant knowledge for these students.
Este trabalho trata sobre como a tecnologia do uso do fitoter?pico pode ser eficaz no combate ao carrapato bovino, como meio de demonstrar como a pesquisa pode ser utilizada para constru??o de um conhecimento significativo, respaldando-se teoricamente na concep??o de pesquisa como princ?pio educativo de Demo (2011) e aprendizagem significativa, Ausubel (1982). Teve como ponto de destaque a difus?o desta tecnologia entre os educandos do curso e comunidade em geral. Apresenta como objetivo avaliar as contribui??es do uso de uma alternativa para controle do carrapato bovino, como m?todo did?tico na aprendizagem dos estudantes, sobre a import?ncia, uso e difus?o do fitoter?pico no controle de carrapato. Para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho utilizou-se metodologicamente a modalidade de pesquisa-a??o de acordo com Kemmis e MC Taggart, (1988) e a abordagem qualitativa nos experimentos no laborat?rio por meio de visualiza??o da efic?cia do fitoter?pico para teste de efici?ncia e a eclodibilidade dos ovos de tele?gina de Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus semelhante ao trabalho desenvolvido por Heimerdinger (2005). E ainda, na leitura dos dados este estudo se insere na abordagem qualitativa tendo como t?cnica para an?lise dos dados a an?lise dos conte?dos Laurence Bardin (2009). Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram tr?s alunos do curso T?cnico em Agropecu?ria Integrada ao Ensino M?dio do IFPA/CRMB que participaram efetivamente das pesquisas em laborat?rio e em campo, e 30 alunos do mesmo curso que participaram da difus?o do conhecimento em sala de aula. Este estudo demonstrou que a utiliza??o da pesquisa como princ?pio educativo despertando o interesse tantos dos estudantes envolvidos diretamente na pesquisa, quanto dos estudantes em sala de aula, produzindo assim um conhecimento significativo para estes estudantes.
LOUAHALA, SAM. "Signatures spectrales de roches en milieu tempere : valeurs reelles et valeurs percues par le satellite." Paris 7, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA077109.
Full textKwassi, Elvis Daakpo. "Proposition d'une méthodologie pour l'optimisation de formes structures mécaniques." Thesis, Reims, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REIMS007.
Full textEngineering design optimization of mechanical structures is nowadays essential in the mechanical industry (automotive, aeronautics etc.). To remain competitive in the globalized world, companies need to create and design structures that in addition to complying specific mechanical performance should be less expensive with short production time. Engineers must then realize forms and shapes that are a better compromise, between mechanical and functional performance, weight, manufacturing costs etc. In this manuscript, we propose an integration of optimization process in a functional process design of a methodological point of view. It has the advantage of taking into account the integration of business knowledge needed to design the structures in the optimization process. The process can’t be properly applied only if we master the fundamentals of the optimization. This led us in a first time, to talk about the engineering design optimization of mechanical structures in general, and the algorithms used in the different disciplines available to engineers. Our proposed optimization process was completed by decision trees that allowed the engineers to make choices based on their optimization problems in foundry, plastics and stamping companies. This optimization process integrated with a functional design approach will be illustrated with industrial examples that allow us to validate our proposal and demonstrate the effectiveness of the choices from decision trees
Cabanes, Quentin. "New hardware platform-based deep learning co-design methodology for CPS prototyping : Objects recognition in autonomous vehicle case-study." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPASG042.
Full textCyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) are a mature research technology topic that deals with Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Embedded Systems (ES). A CPS can be defined as a networked ES that can analyze a physical environment, via sensors, and make decisions from its current state to affect it toward a desired outcome via actuators. These CPS deal with data analysis, which need powerful algorithms combined with robust hardware architectures. On one hand, Deep Learning (DL) is proposed as the main solution algorithm. On the other hand, the standard design and prototyping methodologies for ES are not adapted to modern DL-based CPS. In this thesis, we investigate AI design for CPS around embedded DL using a hybrid CPU/FPGA platform. We proposed a methodology to develop DL applications for CPS which is based on the usage of a neural network accelerator and an automation software to speed up the prototyping time. We present our hardware neural network accelerator design and prototyping. Finally, we validate our work using a smart LIDAR (LIght Detection And Ranging) application use-case with several algorithms for pedestrians detection using a 3D point cloud from a LIDAR
Ochoa, Ruiz Gilberto. "A high-level methodology for automatically generating dynamically reconfigurable systems using IP-XACT and the UML MARTE profile." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00932118.
Full textDary, Chhavarath. "Mise au point des espèces du genre Stephania au Cambodge : études systématique, phytochimique et pharmacologique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM5502/document.
Full textThe thesis aims to provide update on species of the genus Stephania recorded in Cambodia by systematic, phytochemical and pharmacological studies.The systematic study allowed to list seven species and two varieties of Stephania in Cambodia: S. cambodica, S. japonica var. discolor and var. timoriensis, S. oblata, S. pierrei, S. rotunda (type species), S. suberosa and S. venosa. The presence of S. japonica var. timoriensis and S. oblata is reported for the first time in Cambodia. According to the phylogenetic results, only S. pierrei is monophyletic, which represents less than 10% of species in the genus Stephania. Chemical studies on the tubers of five species were carried out using chromatographic methods (HPLC, UHPLC) and spectroscopic methods. Different isolated alkaloids have been proposed as markers: palmatine, roemerine and tetrahydropalmatine for S. cambodica and S. rotunda, cepharanthine, tetrahydropalmatine, and xylopinine for S. suberosa, cepharanthine for S. pierrei, crebanine, and tetrahydropalmatine for S. venosa. Nine alkaloids belonging to five classes were isolated from the tuber of S. cambodica and a new compound namely "angkorwatine" was described. Ultrasound assisted extraction of alkaloids was developed and optimized by Design of Experiment for this species. This innovative extraction is a good alternative to conventional methods. An analytical UHPLC method was developed and validated for the quality control of S. cambodica. Results show that hydroethanolic extracts obtained by maceration of S. suberosa, S. rotunda and S. venosa exhibit significant anti-inflammatory activity with high anti-inflammatory ratio (selectivity index)
Bouju, Élodie. "Eco-purification de produits naturels par CPC : changement d'échelle et solvants alternatifs." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10220/document.
Full textThe main objective of this thesis is to propose some clues for natural products eco-purification by centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC), a preparative separation technique that uses a biphasic solvent system. First, the manuscript describes the differents preparative techniques commonly used for natural products purification. Then, the centrifugal partition chromatography technique is detailed. The green chemistry concept is subsequently introduced and discussed in regard to its application in purification process. A method development is realized on a small scale CPC, illustrating the reduction of solvent consumption and waste production, through the carnosol purification from rosemary. Later, a new scale-up methodology for CPC is introduced to efficiently transfer the method on larger instrument and increase production. This new methodology will allow for a CPC user to reduce solvent and energy consumption and chemical wastes discharges. This scale-up methodology is then applied to carnosol purification from a rosemary solid extract. Finally, the last part of this manuscript is devoted to petroleum solvents substitution by more environmentally friendly solvents like bio-sourced solvents
Zarrouk, Hajer. "The impact of problem-based learning methodology on learners of English for Academic Medical Purpose." Thesis, Le Havre, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LEHA0025/document.
Full textThe purpose of this study was to consider the implementation of Problem Based Learning (PBL) as an epistemologically sound teaching methodology to teach English for Specific Purposes (ESP) and particularly English for Academic Medical Purposes (EAMP). The study examined whether PBL is compatible with language teaching and determined the benefits that this methodology can bring to ESP. The study also attempted to solve problems with English learning that were identified in the Preparatory Year Health Colleges (Female Branch) within Hail University, Saudi Arabia. A needs analysis was conducted in the institution to examine the English learning situation and better identify these learning problems. Then PBL was implemented to determine if it provided a possible solution to the issue. This entailed a change in the macro-methodological and micro-methodological levels, as Demaizière (1996) called ‘le niveau macromethodologique’ and ‘le niveau micromethodologique’ (p.66). In the empirical part of this study, a longitudinal study was conducted with 13 students who were observed through a period of 8 weeks and over five PBL tutorials, which took place over fifteen sessions. During these fifteen sessions, learners’ behaviors or indicators of autonomy were observed at the group level for the first and third session of each PBL tutorial and at the individual level in session 2. In general, the results favored the implementation of this approach in teaching English for Academic Medical Purposes (EAMP). They also showed that PBL can improve learners’ autonomy; enable learners to develop learning strategies; help learners harness their language skills; and learn content oriented to their field
Bordelois, Boizán Alejandro. "Développements de méthodes d'acquisition et de traitement du signal robustes aux défauts du champ magnétique pour la spectroscopie localisée par RMN." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00914306.
Full textTurki, Hamza. "Développement de circulateurs à ferrite originaux par l’élaboration d’une démarche de conception fiable." Thesis, Limoges, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIMO0094.
Full textBiased ferrite circulators have known a great technological progress, searching for fulfill the exponential growth of many new applications. Their operation is directly linked to the anisotropic characteristic of ferrite material to create non-reciprocity phenomenon. Their design remains quite complicated in view of several limitations of their high-frequency modelization. The main goal of this thesis is to establish a complete methodology which aims to take into account all the physical features related to such a device, to offer a reliable results with optimized performances and to minimize the post-tuning step which remains problematic for the industry of circulators
Champetter, Philippe. "Utilisation des propriétés des N-alkoxyamides pour la synthèse de γ- et δ- lactames hautement fonctionnalisés par des processus domino." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMLH18.
Full textNitrogen-containing heterocycles are key compounds in organic and medicinal chemistry and continue to attract synthetic effort for the development of more efficient and convenient reaction. Previous work carried out at the URCOM laboratory for the access to γ-lactams has provided the basis for developing a highly diastereoselective methodology under mild conditions that has demonstrated the specific properties of N-alkoxy amides, allowing the access to γ- and δ-lactams following a domino process. This methodology also allowed the access to hydantoïns, 2-imino thiazolidin-4-ones and thiazinan-4-ones which are compounds of importance in medicinal chemistry. In parallel, a comparison of reactivity between N-alkoxy and N-alkyl amides was carried out in order to demonstrate the better reactivity of the N-alkoxy amide compounds. This better reactivity was attributed to a possible chelation of the alkali metal counter anion of the mineral bases used in our conditions by the N-alkoxy amides. These mild conditions allowed organocatalyzed enantioselective or multicomponents approaches providing interesting preliminary results
Loricourt, Johan. "Réalisation de liaisons céramique-métal par brasage dans une cellule prototype d’électrolyse de la vapeur d’eau à haute température pour la production d’hydrogène." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON20037.
Full textSteam electrolysis at high temperature and under pressure with protonic conduction electrolyte is a way to produce hydrogen massively at low cost. To operate, an electrolysis cell must be hermetic especially between the anodic compartment (O2 and H2O) and the cathodic one (H2). Thus, ceramic to metal assemblies are needed, either to insert the electrolyte (perovskite-metal junction) or to realize power supply (alumina-metal junction).Considering the operating conditions (873°K, 725 PSI, steam), only a brazing process is possible to realize strong and hermetic junctions.The evaluation of corrosion process under steam pressure has enabled to select a metallic component and a brazing alloy for this application, and has shown that specific alloys are needed.The studies of ceramics metallization by PVD to assure the brazing alloy wetting throughout the brazing process have shown that a barrier diffusion was necessary to avoid the dissolution of coatings when the brazing alloy become liquid.After wetting experimentations of the chosen brazing alloy over the metalized ceramics and the metallic substrate, ceramic to metal assemblies have been optimized in applying the experimental design methodology on standard samples (ASTM).The whole results have enabled to develop hermetic ceramic to metal assemblies having good mechanical properties (Rm = 8700 PSI at 300°K)
Giovanetti, Canteri Maria Helene. "Caractérisation comparative de la pectine obtenue par extraction acide à partir de résidus de fruit de la passion (Passiflora edulis) et optimisation de la qualité par plan d'expériences." Phd thesis, Université d'Avignon, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00480892.
Full textOunis, Houdhayfa. "Conception intégrée par optimisation multicritère multi-niveaux d'un système d'actionnement haute vitesse pour l'avion plus électrique." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2016. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/18400/1/OUNIS_Houdhayfa.pdf.
Full textMouhli, Karim. "Management de la reprise par un tiers : le cas des TPE saines." Thesis, Brest, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BRES0064/document.
Full textTPE are playing an important role in the French economic dynamism. Each year, thousands of them are transmitted. This phenomenon is not new, but the demographic evolution of French TPE leadership tends to create a major concern for political and economic decision makers. The majority of them and, for a growing share ours times by external individuals buyers with no connection to the company. The development of this type of transmission is not coming without its problems. Ignorance of the company, its environment by the buyer increases the already great difficulties of the recovery (Deschamps and Paturel, 2009). The arrival in the company of an external buyer is often experienced by employees as an interruption, a major organizational change that could jeopardize the continuation of the activity. The fact that the company is healthy at redemption interfere with the way the change is apprehended by the employees. This can be interpreted as a threat, the possibility of losing a satisfactory situation before. The specificities characterizing the TPE make the event particularly intense emotional and relational. This study aims to explore the inauguration of the buyer, the last step repreneurial process, through interaction between actors. Based on a multiple case study (10 cases analyzed, 31 interviews), the results show a process called collective reconstruction of post-recovery direction. They also show the existence of a number of individual, organizational and contextual factors with significant influence on the process
Chenini, Hanen. "A rapid design methodology for generating of parallel image processing applications and parallel architectures for smart camera." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CLF22459.
Full textDue to the complexity of image processing algorithms and the restrictions imposed by MPSoC designs to reach their full potentials, automatic design methodologies are needed to provide guidance for the programmer to generate efficient parallel programs. In this dissertation, we present a MPSoC-based design methodology solution supporting automatic design space exploration, automatic performance evaluation, as well as automatic hardware/software system generation. To facilitate the parallel programming, the presented MPSoC approach is based on a CubeGen framework that permits the expression of different scenarios for architecture and algorithmic design exploring to reach the desired level of performance, resulting in short time development. The generated design could be implemented in a FPGA technology with an expected improvement in application performance and power consumption. Starting from the application, we have evolved our effective methodology to provide several parameterizable algorithmic skeletons in the face of varying application characteristics to exploit all types of parallelism of the real algorithms. Implementing such applications on our parallel embedded system shows that our advanced methods achieve increased efficiency with respect to the computational and communication requirements. The experimental results demonstrate that the designed multiprocessing architecture can be programmed efficiently and also can have an equivalent performance to a more powerful designs based hard-core processors and better than traditional ASIC solutions which are too slow and too expensive
Claeys, Emmanuelle. "Clusterisation incrémentale, multicritères de données hétérogènes pour la personnalisation d’expérience utilisateur." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAD039.
Full textIn many activity sectors (health, online sales,...) designing from scratch an optimal solution for a defined problem (finding a protocol to increase the cure rate, designing a web page to promote the purchase of one or more products,...) is often very difficult or even impossible. In order to face this difficulty, designers (doctors, web designers, production engineers,...) often work incrementally by successive improvements of an existing solution. However, defining the most relevant changes remains a difficult problem. Therefore, a solution adopted more and more frequently is to compare constructively different alternatives (also called variations) in order to determine the best one by an A/B Test. The idea is to implement these alternatives and compare the results obtained, i.e. the respective rewards obtained by each variation. To identify the optimal variation in the shortest possible time, many test methods use an automated dynamic allocation strategy. Its allocate the tested subjects quickly and automatically to the most efficient variation, through a learning reinforcement algorithms (as one-armed bandit methods). These methods have shown their interest in practice but also limitations, including in particular a latency time (i.e. a delay between the arrival of a subject to be tested and its allocation) too long, a lack of explicitness of choices and the integration of an evolving context describing the subject's behaviour before being tested. The overall objective of this thesis is to propose a understable generic A/B test method allowing a dynamic real-time allocation which take into account the temporals static subjects’s characteristics
Lepitre, Thomas. "Modulation des Processus Domino au départ des Accepteurs de Michael en série Chromone : Diversité par aza-Cyclisation, Arylation et Aryloxylation Métallocatalysées : Diversité par aza-Cyclisation, Arylation et Aryloxylation Métallocatalysées." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMLH31/document.
Full textIn the early 2000s a general consensus has emerged in which the molecular diversity within a given library of small molecules, rather than its size, has been recognized as a crucial requirement. Diversity-oriented synthesis (DOS) has emerged from this new paradigm. This novel approach aims to generate collections of small molecules with high degrees of structural diversity, in the most efficient way, starting from simple building-blocks. Since the generation of collections of structurally diverse small molecules in a DOS-driven approach constitutes a real challenge, diverse strategies have been set up for this purpose.In this line, this work has shed light on the great potential of a domino process as a valuable tool in a DOS-driven strategy, capable of generating both molecular diversity and architectural complexity. This study has been focused on the 3-formylchromone building block, a particular framework which has already proven being an exceptionally versatile precursor of molecular diversity. In this manuscript, we will highlight how it is possible to modulate the course of a domino process to achieve high degrees of molecular diversity, starting from the chromone based 1,6-Michael acceptors platform and primary amines as reaction partners. In particular we will show how it is feasible to control the course of particular steps involved in the domino process through: (I) the pertinent modulation of the Michael acceptors and the primary amines structures, (II) the modulation of the reaction parameters (solvent, temperature, additives), and (III) the tuning of the reactivity within a key reaction intermediate induced by the introduction of an external agent
Ihiawakrim, Dris. "Etude par les techniques avancées de microscopie électronique en transmission de matériaux fragiles." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAE005/document.
Full textThe present manuscript shows the importance of methodological and technical development to identify and to unblock locks preventing the analysis of hybrid and complex materials that undergo degradation under electron beam irradiation. We have shown that beam-induced damage to the sample only appears above some specific threshold of current density. Such a threshold depends on the nature of the material and on its morphological and structural characteristics. These developments in synergy with the use of Cryo-EM, allowed us to expose the architecture of carbon-based hybrid materials, measure the variation of the lamellar distance in a perovskite according to the molecular spacer and to the positioning of the metal, identify the interactions at the interface between two molecular crystals, and the 3D quantification of the functionalization within a MOF. Lastly, we brought to light the processes of nucleation and growth of iron oxide by in-situ liquid phase TEM
Corron, Louise. "Juvenile age estimation in physical anthropology : a critical review of existing methods and the application of two standardised methodological approaches." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM5015.
Full textAge is one of the parameters of a juvenile biological profile that can be estimated with sufficient reliability and precision. Many juvenile age estimation methods do not follow valid methodological criteria. A critical analysis of 256 methods used in physical anthropology was done to qualify and quantify biases and limitations of method construction and application. An objective and practical classification of methods highlighting those respecting valid sampling protocols and statistical criteria was constructed. This analysis provided a protocol for a new standardised juvenile age estimation method. Surfaces of the iliac bone, fifth lumbar vertebra and clavicle were reconstructed from CT scans of individuals from Marseilles using the AVIZO® software. Biometric growth variables and non-biometric maturation indicators were taken on the three bones. Non-parametric Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS) models were calculated with the R® software to predict age using the variables. The best models were obtained with variables of the ilium, left and right vertebral heights and maximal clavicular length. These models were validated on three samples from Marseilles, Toulouse and the Luis Lopes osteological collection. They were comparable or better than other age estimation methods. Posterior probabilities of age were calculated using maturation stages of four iliac epiphyses. Results were reliable, but precision was too low for validation. Our new juvenile age estimation method can predict age with 95% reliability and 90% accuracy. It is standardised, statistically valid, integrates changes in variability and is applicable in a forensic or bioarchaeological context
Pirlot, Barbara. "De l'appartenance générique à la dynamique de l'échange: une analyse linguistique de témoignages recueillis par la Fondation Auschwitz." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210727.
Full textNotre dissertation s’articule en cinq grandes parties, qui abordent toutes, peu ou prou, la notion de genre. Nous commençons (partie I) par envisager cette question de manière frontale, en essayant de définir le concept de genre en termes théoriques. Il s’agit d’expliquer clairement en quoi la problématique de l’appartenance générique peut s’avérer pertinente pour l’appréhension et la description de nos données. Dans la deuxième partie de ce travail, nous offrons une caractérisation très générale et succincte des récits sur la Shoah. Nous soulignons, notamment, les particularités nées du contexte politique et socioculturel où ces textes ont été produits. Ces précisions nous permettent de présenter plus en détail nos propres données, et de les comparer aux autres témoignages relatifs au phénomène concentrationnaire. Entrant ensuite dans le vif du sujet, nous consacrons notre troisième partie à la dimension testimoniale des données. Dans un premier temps, nous essayons de définir la notion même de témoignage, en cernant le plus précisément possible les contraintes définitoires propres à l’énonciation testimoniale et les questions épistémologiques qu’elles peuvent engendrer. Dans un second temps, et en accord avec notre projet méthodologique, nous relevons et analysons un certain nombre d’indices linguistiques qui nous paraissent spécifiques du discours testimonial. Dans la quatrième partie, qui se veut plus personnelle, nous nous attardons sur la dimension interactionnelle de notre corpus. Nous commençons par décrire les aspects liés à l’organisation structuro-séquentielle des interactions, en présentant deux modèles d’analyse élaborés à cet effet :le système de prise de tour et le modèle des paires adjacentes. Nous décrivons ensuite, dans ce cadre, les traits caractéristiques propres au format de l’interview. Enfin, grâce à l’analyse – qualitative et quantitative – à la fois des interventions produites par les interviewers et de certains marqueurs microdiscursifs utilisés par les interviewés, nous nous efforçons non seulement de cerner les phénomènes microdiscursifs propres au mode interactionnel de l’entretien, mais aussi de souligner, de façon peut-être paradoxale, les transgressions qui s’observent par rapport à ce format prédéterminé. Ce faisant, nous rejoignons nos réflexions antérieures sur l’instabilité inhérente à la notion de genre. Pour boucler la boucle, nous revenons sur cette question dans notre cinquième partie, où nous illustrons les réussites et les échecs discursifs de nos témoins par l’analyse détaillée de trois extraits qui mettent en évidence les défis rhétoriques liés à la complexité générique des discours envisagés.
Doctorat en philosophie et lettres, Orientation linguistique
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Leroux-Beaudout, Renan. "Méthodologie de conception de systèmes de simulations en entreprise étendue, basée sur l'ingénierie système dirigée par les modèles." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30089.
Full textThis manuscript presents a methodology for the design of "early" simulations in extended enterprise, based on model-driven system engineering. The goal is to allow the system architect to explore alternative solutions, and to verify and/or validate the system architecture being designed, in relation to the user requirements. This methodology is divided into two complementary axes : the method part (new) and the means of execution, without which there can be no simulation. This new method is based on the following principle : starting from the user requirements to create the system architecture model, then derive the simulation architecture, develop the executable models and run the simulation in relation to objectives of verification and/or validation. By doing this, potential differences in interpretations between the system architecture model and simulation models are removed or at least reduced compared to a traditional approach. This method is of matrix type. The columns represent the actors, while the lines correspond to the different steps of the MBSE method used by the system architect for the product, including the refinement steps. The actors are the system architect for the product (SyA), a first new actor introduced by this method : the system architect for the simulation (SiA), the developers of the simulation executable models (SMD), and the second new actor in charge of the execution of the simulation (SEM). The analysis of its qualities and the production of results exploitable by the system architect for the product. As the method relies on a matrix structure, the SyA can request simulations, either in depth to specify a particular point of its model, or more in extension to check the good agreement of the functions between them. With this new matrix approach, the system architect for the product can reuse functions already defined during the upstream or downstream stages of its previous decompositions. Overall, saving time, costs, and confidence. The second axis of this methodology is the realization of an extended enterprise cosimulation (EE) platform, which is a project in itself. Based on a proposal of requirements specifications, the MBSE has defined a functional and physical architecture. The architecture of this platform can be modified according to the simulation needs expressed by the architect of the simulation. This is one of his prerogatives. The proposal introduces a third new player : the Infrastructure Project Manager (IPM) which is in charge of coordinating for the realization of the cosimulation platform, within his company. For an EE of federated type, that is to say from contractor to subcontractor, introduction of two new actors : - the supervisor of IPM, whose rôle is to link IPMs to solve the administrative and interconnection problems, - the person responsible in charge of the execution simulations. He coordinates, with the SEM of each partner, the implementation of simulations, ensures launches, and returns the results to all partners
Adiutantov, Nikolai. "Développement d'une instrumentation et méthodologie par l'étude des bruits électrochimiques pour le diagnostic des stacks de pile à combustible de type PEMFC." Thesis, Poitiers, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017POIT2313/document.
Full textFuel cell technology development requires adequate diagnostic tools, in particular for monitoring the state of health of industrial systems (stacks) under operating conditions. Traditional diagnostic tools require to stop or disrupt the system operating. This thesis aims at the development of an innovative and non-intrusive approach for the diagnostic of PEM (Proton Exchange Membrane) fuel cell stacks. The methodology is based on the measurement of small electrical fluctuations (electrochemical noise). To measure this noise, a high frequency signal acquisition system was used without prior analog filter. These measurements were obtained within the ANR project « Propice » using four measurement campaigns with the collaboration of FCLAB and CEA LITEN. Electrochemical noise Measurements, over several weeks, made it possible to build a rich database. To process these data, different statistical approaches in time, frequency and tempo-frequency domains have been used for the generation of reliable and robust descriptors. It has been shown that the measurement of noise makes it possible to obtain a rich signature of the PEM stacks in a wide frequency range. This signature reflects the various physico-chemical phenomena and it is very sensitive to the operating parameters of the system. The evolution of this signature in short time analysis can be used for an in-situ diagnostic of the state of health of commercial stacks under real operating conditions and for the development of prognostic strategies
Chidikofan, Grâce. "Développement méthodologique pour l'évaluation des performances et de la durabilité des systèmes de production d'électricité par gazéification de biomasse en milieu rural : Etude de cas au Burkina-Faso." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ENAM0063/document.
Full textThis thesis aims to develop a performance assessment methodology of power generation systems based on biomass gasification in a rural area case in developing countries. The general methodological framework of this thesis is described in the approaches as follow: (i) defining performance assessment criteria, (ii) selecting methods or models for assessing the criteria, and (iii) choosing the method of analyzing the reliability of the assessment. Based on this methodological framework, a methodology for the assessment of electricity generation by biomass gasification systems in West Africa is developed. Fourteen assessment criteria are defined by taking in account technical, economic, environmental and social aspects. Models are developed for the calculation of each criterion considered. The models are then applied to carry out a performance assessment of the electricity generation by biomass gasification project in Burkina Faso. Twelve (12) system configurations are studied to satisfy the same load profiles. Simulation results allowed identifying from the point of view of the operator and the consumers the configurations which give better valorization of biomass available with an affordable electricity cost and which offer to operator a relative flexibility to adapt to changes in electricity demand
Hermellin, Emmanuel. "Modélisation et implémentation de simulations multi-agents sur architectures massivement parallèles." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTT334/document.
Full textMulti-Agent Based Simulations (MABS) represents a relevant solution for the engineering and the study of complex systems in numerous domains (artificial life, biology, economy, etc.). However, MABS sometimes require a lot of computational resources, which is a major constraint that restricts the possibilities of study for the considered models (scalability, real-time interaction, etc.).Among the available technologies for HPC (High Performance Computing), the GPGPU (General-Purpose computing on Graphics Processing Units) proposes to use the massively parallel architectures of graphics cards as computing accelerator. However, while many areas benefit from GPGPU performances (meteorology, molecular dynamics, finance, etc.). Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) and especially MABS hardly enjoy the benefits of this technology: GPGPU is very little used and only few works are interested in it. In fact, the GPGPU comes along with a very specific development context which requires a deep and not trivial transformation process for multi-agents models. So, despite the existence of works that demonstrate the interest of GPGPU, this difficulty explains the low popularity of GPGPU in the MAS community.In this thesis, we show that among the works which aim to ease the use of GPGPU in an agent context, most of them do it through a transparent use of this technology. However, this approach requires to abstract some parts of the models, what greatly limits the scope of the proposed solutions. To handle this issue, and in contrast to existing solutions, we propose to use a nhybrid approach (the execution of the simulation is shared between both the processor and graphics card) that focuses on accessibility and reusability through a modeling process that allows to use directly GPU programming while simplifying its use. More specifically, this approach is based on a design principle, called GPU delegation of agent perceptions, consists in making a clear separation between the agent behaviors, managed by the processor, and environmental dynamics, handled by the graphics card. So, one major idea underlying this principle is to identify agent computations which can be transformed in new structures (e.g. in the environment) in order to distribute the complexity of the code and modulate its implementation. The study of this principle and the different experiments conducted show the advantages of this approach from both a conceptual and performances point of view. Therefore, we propose to generalize this approach and define a comprehensive methodology relying on GPU delegation specifically adapted to the use of massively parallel architectures for MABS
Chtourou, Rim. "Tenue mécanique des assemblages soudés par point multi-tôles et acier multigrades : étude expérimentale, modélisation macroscopique et procédure d'identification." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017VALE0017/document.
Full textResistance spot welding (RSW) is widely used in the automotive industry. However, the prediction of their non-linear mechanical behavior and their failure in structural crashworthiness computations remains a challenge. The introduction of a new generation ofmulti-sheet multi-steel grade spot welded assemblies makes the prediction of their mechanical strength more complex.Despite the increasing use of these assemblies, the experimental study of their mechanical behavior is still very limited, while their macroscopic modeling has not yet been studied. An experimental device based on Arcan principle is thus proposed to characterize the mechanical strength and the failure of three-sheet spot welded assemblies, in pure and combined loads for different loading configurations. A macroscopic modeling approach is also proposed to simulate their mechanical behavior for structural applications. As a first step, a ’connector’ element is proposed, identified and validated for a two-sheet spot welded assembly. Then, a modeling approach using three connectors is proposed to simulate the mechanical behavior and the rupture of a three-sheet multi- steel grade spot welded assembly. An identification methodology is also presented to simplify the identification procedure of the model parameters. The model is identified and validated based on the experimental results of the Arcan tests carried out during this thesis
Cheillan, Hervé. "Analyse et conceptualisation des stratégies BoP par le prisme des performances économique et sociale : du sondage de cas aux tests empiriques." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM2010/document.
Full textThe so called « BoP » (for Bottom/Base of the Pyramid) strategies of companies involve products/services creation at the base of the economic pyramid that is 4 billion people living on less than 9$/day. Researchers and professionals express interest in this type of strategy but point out the difficulty of simultaneously obtaining economic performance (for the firm) and social performance (for the BoP market). Our doctoral research is in line with the following research questions: "What are the determinants of economic and social performance of BoP strategies? Does the relationship exist between these types of performance? To answer it, a three phase methodological design has been developed: (I) a case survey method based on 77 observations of BoP strategies, (II) a quantitative empirical study based on 316 professionals, (III) a discussion on results for a theoretical proposition called white ocean. The results show: to achieve the economic and social performances, the company must, (1) have economic and social motivations, (2) acquire and accumulate knowledge in the field, (3) adapt price, communications, product/service but not distribution methods/channels, (4) make social alliances and (5) limit the influence of the institutions, local stakeholders and shareholders
Vigneau, Guillaume. "Etude et modélisation d’un système de transmission d’énergie et de données par couplage inductif pour des systèmes électroniques dans l’environnement automobile." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU30281.
Full textNowadays there is a strong demand of systems allowing to transfer energy in a wirelessly way to small electronic devices. So we can well understand the interest of such systems in embedded environments such as vehicle cockpit. The principle of magnetic induction comes from a magnetic flux exchange between two inductive antennas. The magnetic field will be used to transport an electrical power from an emitter to a receiver. These systems using the magnetic induction to transfer energy contain an emitter, inductive antennas (coils) and a receiver. A first chapter will be dedicated to the antennas employed in inductive wireless power transfer systems on theoretical and technological points of views. An electromagnetic modeling of these inductive antennas will be realized and validated through correlation with measurements. Once the modeling process defined and the validations done, it will be used through intensive electromagnetic simulations in order to show the impact of antennas parameters on their electrical and electromagnetic performances. After the inductive antennas characterization and their key parameters identification done, we will study in a second time the magnetic induction effects when emission and reception antennas are placed together in order to realize an inductive power transfer. Notions of magnetic coupling which appears between inductive antennas and magnetic efficiency which characterizes how much quantities of power are transferred will be highlighted. In the same conditions as before, the impact of antennas parameters on the power transfer and magnetic coupling will be investigated through electromagnetic modeling of inductive antennas and the use of intensive electromagnetic simulations. Thus, we will have the opportunity to precisely understand the meaning of the inductive power transfer and the different ways of optimizations. By this way, we will also propose some general design guidelines for antennas employed in inductive wireless power transfer systems. A third chapter will be dedicated to the presentation of the different electronic stages used in inductive wireless power transfer systems. A part of it will be employed on the definitions of the different elements allowing the wireless power transfer on a system approach. The design, optimization and measurement of power amplifiers used on the emission stage will be presented too.. Indeed, it is necessary to have efficient power amplification in order to transfer the required power to different receivers such as phones at the same time to limit the power losses. From circuit modeling of different emitter and receiver and with circuit simulations, we will develop power budgets in order to evaluate the performances and limits of these systems. Once the simulation validated by measurement, we will be able to quantify the total power transfer efficiency and propose optimization ways. Because of the current existence of different inductive wireless power standards on the industrial market for electronic consumer, analogies with them will be done all along the different steps of this thesis in order to highlighted their different functioning principles
Alwash, Maitham Fadhil Abbas. "Assessment of concrete strength in existing structures using nondestructive tests and cores : analysis of current methodology and recommendations for more reliable assessment." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0587/document.
Full textTo assess concrete strength in an existing structure, the current methodology combines nondestructive measurements (NDT) like rebound hammer or/and pulse velocity with destructive technique (cores) in order to implement a relationship ‘‘conversion model” between the compressive strength and NDT measurements. The conversion model is used to estimate the local strength value at each test location using the corresponding NDT value.Then the estimated mean strength and/or estimated strength standard deviation (concrete strength variability) values are calculated. However, the reliability of these estimated values isalways a questionable issue because of the uncertainties associated with the strength assessment based upon NDT measurements. To improve the reliability, the uncertainties must be reduced by specifying and controlling their influencing factors. Therefore, the objective of this thesis is to analyze the current assessment methodology in order to provide practical recommendations that can improve the reliability of assessing the in-situ strength in existing concrete structures by nondestructive tests and cores.To this end, a simulator was built in order to analyze the effects of the most influencing factors using a large campaign of datasets from different sources (in-situ or laboratory studies,and generated synthetic data).The first contribution of this work is the development of a new model identification approach“bi-objective” that can efficiently capture the strength variability in addition to the mean strength. After studying the effect of the way of selection the core locations, a method was proposed to select these locations depending on the NDT measurements “conditional selection” that improves the quality of assessment without additional cost. A third innovation was the development of a procedure to identify the relation between the number of cores and the accuracy of the estimation. Finally recommendations were derived in order to providemore reliable estimated values
La, Delfa Patricio. "Contribution à la conception silencieuse par démarches directe et inverse de machines synchrones à aimants permanents et bobinage dentaire." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ECLI0036/document.
Full textThis thesis deals the quiet design by inverses approaches of synchronous machines with permanent magnets concentrated windings. Our work focuses on the analysis of magnetic noise origin of air gap radial force orders. Firstly a direct electromagnetic model allowed us to determine the spatio-temporal spectrum of air gap radial pressure. The latter offers us the possibility of obtaining step by step and in an analytical way the radial induction in the gap, result of the product of the total magnetomotive force and global air gap permeance. Several machines equipped with a concentrated winding and distributed were evaluated, compared to simulations by finite elements and corroborated by an operational deflection shape on an existing prototype in the laboratory. In the second time two inverse approaches named predictive methodology identified the radial pressure low order origin. Finally, the resolution of the inverse problem is carried out by means of an iterative optimization loop giving among a sample of solutions, a winding function, aimed at attenuating or eliminating a potential risky line in terms of acoustic nuisances
Boyard, Nicolas. "Méthodologie de conception pour la réalisation de pièces en Fabrication Additive." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENAM0015/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to propose a design methodology to produce parts using additivemanufacturing (AM). Compared to standard manufacturing processes, as machining, forming, casting ormolding, AM processes have new features for manufacturing multi-material parts, nondetachableassemblies or complex shapes. The arrival of this new technology involves a paradigm shift that requiressupport to designers to develop quality products. Also the mechanical and finishing specifications of theparts obtained by AM depend on their orientation during the manufacturing. Furthermore, depending onthe process, the desired geometry and the orientation, it could be necessary to integrate a support in orderto ensure manufacturability of the part. We define a design methodology that respects the integrity of thedigital channel and whose purpose is to produce a sliced numerical model ready to be manufactured on anAM machine. For this, our methodology is based on data from functional specification and businessknowledge of the process indicated by the designer, to automatically propose a first solid geometry whichsatisfies all these requirements. After this first step, a step of topological optimization restricts the volumeof the part in order to reduce its weight, cost and manufacturing time. Finally, if necessary, optimizedsupport ensuring the manufacturability of the part is generated according to the same criteria. Thismethodology is accompanied by an industrial case study as well as of two experiments to observe thepossibility to finish parts made of ABS with acetone. The first experiment is an experimental design whichmeasures the obtained surface finish based on the temperature of the acetone, the operating time, theinclination of the surfaces of the piece and its thickness. The second experiment is a tensile stress testdesigned to observe a change in the mechanical resistance of the part. Regardless of the type of machineand the AM process, the methodology we propose is a first concrete step towards obtaining directlycompliant parts, whether for industrial or domestic use
Ezeddini, Sonia. "Optimisation de l'usinage par le procédé d'électroérosion à fil des alliages de titane et des matériaux composites à base de titane appliqués à l'aéronautique." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLC105.
Full textEDM machining is a process for the removal of material by melting, spraying and erosion, which is reserved for conductive and semiconductor materials.It can be used for machining metals and alloys, hardened steels, ceramic alloys, metal carbides, some ceramics and even harder materials such as polycrystalline diamond. The heated part has its mechanical characteristics drop, which increases its machinability. The work carried out focused on the influence of WEDM machining on surface integrity, machinability, productivity and process precision, of several materials: pure titanium, Ti6Al4V alloy, composite intermetallicTi-Al based, Ti17 composite and Ti6242 composite.In ripping, and more precisely in finishing, the process is characterized by a flow of material,kerf width, surface hardening, heat affected zone and surface condition varying with discharge current, pulse time and voltage, cutting speed, lubricant injection pressure and wire tension.In fact, the machining conditions of metal-based composite materials and titanium alloys have been modeled and optimized to improve machined surface integrity, increase productivity, and improve process accuracy. Subsequently, meet the quality and safety requirements of aeronautical parts.Methods such as Experimental Design, Taguchi and Surface of Response were used for calibration and process control parameters and operating conditions