Journal articles on the topic 'Paperboard'
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1
Kmita-Fudalej, Gabriela, Włodzimierz Szewczyk, and Zbigniew Kołakowski. "Bending Stiffness of Honeycomb Paperboard." Materials 16, no. 1 (December 24, 2022): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16010156.
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This article analyzes the influence of the initial deflection of the flat layers on the bending stiffness (BS) of honeycomb paperboards and presents two methods for its calculation. Both methods allow for the determination of BS in the main directions in the plane of the paperboard, i.e., the machine direction (MD) and the cross direction (CD). In addition, they have been verified by comparing the calculation results with the results of the BS measurements. The first method allowed for the calculation of the BS of cellular paperboard based on the mechanical properties of the paper used for its production. The second method allowed for the estimation of the BS of cellular paperboard based on the bending stiffness of other honeycomb paperboards with the same raw material composition and the same core cell size but with different thicknesses. In the first analytical method for the calculation of the bending stiffness of cellular paperboard, which does not include the deflections of the flat layers, the calculation results significantly differ from the measurement results, and they are overestimated. The second of the presented BS calculation methods allowed for a much more accurate assessment of paperboard’s bending stiffness depending on its thickness.
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MALMIRCHEGINI, KHODADAD, and FARSHAD SARKHOSH RAHMANI. "Effect of ink and paperboard characteristics on flexographic print quality based on print density." September 2011 10, no. 9 (October 1, 2011): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj10.9.7.
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Flexography is an evolving printing technology that is suitable for printing on coated and uncoated paperboard and board, nonporous substrates including metalized and paperboard foils, and plastic films used especially in the packaging industry. This study evaluated the effect of paperboard and ink characteristics on flexographic print density in paperboard. Three commercial paperboards from different companies were prepared: brown kraft from Thailand, white kraft from Spain, and test liner from Iran. Four samples of process print inks from Iran were used in this investigation. Paperboard properties, such as roughness and water absorption, and ink characteristics, including solids content, PH and particle diameter, were measured. The inks were printed on paperboards using a roll no.15 applicator with a blade metering device, and the print densities were measured. Results showed that solids content, pH, and particle diameter of printing inks influenced print density, while the roughness and water absorption of the three types of paperboard had no significant influence on print density. Results also illustrated that two levels of ink viscosity (25–30 and 50–55 mPa·s) were insignificant to print density.
3
Wang, Bao Zhong, and Li Jie Cao. "Different Thickness of Honeycomb Paperboard Vibration Frequency of Testing and Simulation." Advanced Materials Research 328-330 (September 2011): 1421–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.328-330.1421.
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This paper measured the vibration transmissibility of several honeycomb paperboards and the attenuation coefficient. Laboratory was used to determine the natural frequency of the thickness of 10mm, 20mm, 30mm, 40mm Honeycomb Paperboard. The test results show that the honeycomb paperboard resonance frequency decreases with increasing thickness, while the vibration transmissibility increases with increasing thickness. We have also established finite element model of honeycomb paperboard to simulate its vibration properties. The result of simulation is in good coincidence with the experimental result. In addition, some cases can use computer simulation instead of laboratory testing to obtain the natural frequencies of honeycomb paperboard.
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Bishnoi Ankit, Kumar Anil, and Sahil. "A Case Study on Physical Properties Blends Analysis of Non-Degradable Films with Gray Back Boards." Journal of Advanced Zoology 44, S4 (November 24, 2023): 82–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/jaz.v44is4.2091.
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In the printing and packaging industries blends of non-degradable plastic film and degradable paperboards is very common substrate. The gray back board is recycled pulp paperboard. The gray back boards are one side dull or gray color in physical appearances so it is called gray back paperboard. The gray back paperboards have not good strength and visual appeal as compare to other paperboards. But the printing and packaging industries are mostly using the gray back paperboards because the gray back paperboards are the cheapest material for package preservation, containment and transportation. The blends of gray back paper boards with plastic film gives good combination for packaging industries. This particular research work deals with study of gray back paperboards and plastic film blends
5
Tikhomirova, Ekaterina, Denis Aleksandrov, Bogdan-Marian Tofanica, and Aleksandra Mikhailidi. "Evaluation of Recycled Paperboard Properties and Characteristics." Applied Sciences 14, no. 4 (February 19, 2024): 1661. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14041661.
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Paperboard boxes represent a sought-after class of packaging products, where the use of recycled fibers offers a cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternative to virgin fibers. The presence of a significant proportion of recycled fibers in the paperboard leads to a number of limitations associated with the deterioration of its characteristics. In this study, the properties of coated and uncoated paperboards containing recycled fibers, wood pulp, and virgin cellulose fibers were investigated using a laboratory sample of paperboard produced from 100% recycled fibers without any chemical additives for comparison. Properties such as smoothness, bulk density, absorbency, and tensile strength, as well as colorimetric characteristics, were determined for the recycled paperboards; for the latter test, charts were printed using inkjet printing and UV-curable inks. Whiteness was calculated by three formulae (CIE, Berger, and Stensby), and all the paperboards had a relatively low whiteness (not exceeding 90 CIE), with a yellowish tint due to recycled fibers and mechanical pulp in the composition. The absence of optical brightening agents in the paperboards was experimentally confirmed. The color gamuts of the paperboards were in direct ratio to their whiteness, with the highest ones demonstrated by the coated paperboards. Color reproduction, according to the tone value increase curves, also depended on the whiteness. Uncoated paperboards demonstrated smaller color shifts than the coated ones, with the greatest increase in tone for yellow color. Coated recycled paperboards are suitable for packaging printing under the same conditions as virgin fiber boards, while uncoated boards are the recommended choice for digital printing with UV inks.
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Kmita-Fudalej, Gabriela, Zbigniew Kołakowski, and Włodzimierz Szewczyk. "Method for Calculating the Bending Stiffness of Honeycomb Paperboard." Materials 17, no. 4 (February 14, 2024): 878. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17040878.
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The article presents continued considerations presented in a prior publication on the development of a model for calculating the bending stiffness BS of cellular honeycomb paperboards, applying the strength properties of paper raw materials used for the production of paperboard and the geometric parameters of cellular board. The results of BS calculations obtained by using the analytical model presented in the prior publication were significantly overestimated in relation to the value obtained by measurements. The calculation error in relation to the measurement value for the tested group of paperboards in the case of bending stiffness in the machine direction MD was within the range from 23% to 116%, and the average error was 65%, while in the cross direction CD, it was within the range from 2% to 54%, and the average error was 31%. The calculation model proposed in this work based on the physical properties of cellular paperboard reduces the error values for bending stiffness in both the machine and cross directions. The value of the average error for both main directions in the paperboard plane was 10%. The method enables more accurate determination of BS in the machine direction MD and in the cross direction CD at the paperboard design stage. In order to validate the proposed analytical model, the calculation results were compared with the results of BS laboratory measurements performed using the four-point bending method and, in order to expand the group of tested paperboards, with the measurement results presented in the prior article for cardboards with different raw material composition and different geometric parameters.
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MARIN, GUSTAV, MIKAEL NYGARDS, and SOREN OSTLUND. "Stiffness and strength properties of five paperboards and their moisture dependency." February 2020 19, no. 2 (March 1, 2020): 71–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj19.2.71.
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Five commercial multiply folding boxboards made on the same paperboard machine have been analyzed. The paperboards were from the same product series but had different grammage (235, 255, 270, 315, 340 g/m2) and different bending stiffness. The paperboards are normally used to make packages, and because the bending stiffness and grammage varies, the performance of the packages will differ. Finite element simulations can be used to predict these differences, but for this to occur, the stiffness and strength properties need to be deter-mined. For efficient determination of the three-dimensional properties in the machine direction (MD), cross direction (CD), and Z direction (ZD), it is proposed that the paperboard should be characterized using in-plane tension, ZD-tension, shear strength profiles, and two-point bending. The proposed setups have been used to determine stiff-ness and strength properties at different relative humidity (20,% 50%, 70%, and 90% RH), and the mechanical proper-ties have been evaluated as a function of moisture ratio. There was a linear relation between mechanical properties and moisture ratio for each paperboard. When the data was normalized with respect to the standard climate (50% RH) and plotted as a function of moisture ratio, it was shown that the normalized mechanical properties for all paperboards coincided along one single line and could therefore be expressed as a linear function of moisture ratio and two constants. Consequently, it is possible to obtain the mechanical properties of a paperboard by knowing the structural prop-erties for the preferred level of RH and the mechanical property for the standard climate (50% RH and 23°C).
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Hult, Eva-Lena, Klaus Koivu, Janne Asikkala, Jarmo Ropponen, Pauli Wrigstedt, Jussi Sipilä, and Kristiina Poppius-Levlin. "Esterified lignin coating as water vapor and oxygen barrier for fiber-based packaging." Holzforschung 67, no. 8 (December 1, 2013): 899–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf-2012-0214.
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Abstract Lignin, esterified with palmitic and lauric acid chloride, has been studied for the application as coating on fiber-based packaging material. The aim was to improve the barrier properties against water vapor and oxygen of paperboard. The esterification was followed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and gel permeation chromatography measurements. The lignin esters were applied on paperboard and formed a continuous film. The moisture barrier property of the coated paperboards was characterized by the water vapor transmission rate (WVTR). A significant decrease in WVTR was observed, for example, 40 g m-2 (for 24 h) for a paperboard coated with 10.4 g m-2 hardwood kraft lignin palmitate. The contact angle of water on the lignin ester coatings was high and stable. For all paperboard samples coated with lignin esters, a significant decrease in oxygen transmission rate was observed. Accordingly, lignin palmitate and laurate have a high potential as a barrier materials in packaging applications.
9
GIGAC, JURAJ, MÁRIA FIŠEROVÁ, and RADKO TIŇO. "EFFECT OF PAPERBOARD SURFACE MODIFICATIONS ON ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY OF PRINTED UHF RFID ANTENNAS." WOOD RESEARCH 67(4) 2022 67, no. 4 (August 11, 2022): 671–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.37763/wr.1336-4561/67.4.671685.
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The effect of surface roughness and water contact angle of commercial paperboard before and after surface modification by calendering, coating and calendering and plasma treatment on the functionality of UHF RFID antennas printed with thermal transfer aluminum ribbon was evaluated. A hydrophilic surface was created by coating or plasma treatment, which improved the wettability of the paperboard surface, the spreading of the thermoplastic tie layer and theadhesion of the conductive aluminum layer. Anew paper product was created with permanent surface wettability by coating, without theneed for plasmatreatment before printing. Theplasma treatment provided time-limited wettability, needed only during printing, and made it possible to restore the original hydrophobic surface of thepaperboard. In addition to themeaning of these surface modifications, the importance and need to reduce the surface roughness was confirmed, as the higher surface roughness of the paperboard limited the effect of the plasma treatment in terms of its printability and the functionality of the printed aluminum antenna. The printability of the paperboard and the functionality of the printed antennas were evaluated using electrical conductivity. The electrical conductivities of the dipole and inductor loop of the UHF RFID antennas printed on modified paperboards varied depending on theantenna design.
10
Guo, Yanfeng, and Jinghui Zhang. "Shock Absorbing Characteristics and Vibration Transmissibility of Honeycomb Paperboard." Shock and Vibration 11, no. 5-6 (2004): 521–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2004/936804.
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Honeycomb paperboard is a kind of environmental-friendly package cushioning material with honeycomb sandwich structure, and may be employed to protect products from shock or vibration damage during distribution. This paper deals with the characterization of properties of honeycomb paperboard relevant to its application for protective packaging in transportation, such as dynamic cushion curves and vibration transmissibility. The main feature of the paper is the evaluation on the shock absorbing characteristics and vibration transmissibility of honeycomb paperboards with different thickness by a series of experimental studies on the drop shock machine and vibration table. By using the fitting polynomial of the curve, the experiential formulas and characteristic coefficients of dynamic cushion curves of honeycomb paperboards with different thickness have been obtained. From the vibration tests with slow sine sweep, the peak frequencies and vibration transmissibility are measured and used to estimate the damping ratios. All the works provide basic data and curves relevant to its application for protective packaging in transportation.
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Nagasawa, Shigeru, and Takaomi Nagumo. "Effects of Holding Time and Temperature of Creasing Knife on Crease Bending Characteristics of Milk Carton Subjected to Indentation of Flat-Edge Creasing Knife." Key Engineering Materials 963 (October 13, 2023): 179–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-ddy1yj.
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Since the material properties of paperboard depend on the processing strain rate and the temperature elevation of the paperboard, the mechanical conditions of the scoring tool (creasing knife) are important for precisely and stably folding the scored zone of the paperboard. When the temperature and the indentation velocity of the creasing knife are changed irregularly during the scoring process, the permanent-indented (residually scored) depth of the paperboard seems to be affected by the temperature and the indentation time of the creasing knife. Although the temperature-dependent and time-dependent behavior of several thin paperboards have been known in the past, their combined behavior was not sufficiently discussed regarding the crease bending characteristics of the paperboard. In this work, the time-dependent and temperature-dependent scoring, and the corresponded bending characteristics of liquid-container-purpose paperboard of basis weight 313g/m2 (thickness of t = 0.47mm) were experimentally investigated using a bending (folding) tester, when varying the holding time and the temperature of a flat-edge creasing knife at two levels of the normalized indentation depth d/t = 0.68 and 1.02. As the results, the first peak bending moment Mp1, the first stiffness C1 (the gradient of bending moment resistance by the folding angle at an angle of 0—4 degrees), and the rating bending moment resistance at the right-angle M90,1(0) were characterized with the holding time and the temperature elevation of the creasing knife at the pre-stage (scoring) process. Also, some explicit expressions of C1, Mp1, M90,1(0) with the permanent scored depth were revealed as a static relationship. It is concluded that the temperature variation and the holding time of the creasing knife are important parameters which must be controlled in the manufacturing process of liquid package.
12
Quanfu, Gao, Zhu Dapeng, and Cao Xingxiao. "Experimental Study on Vibration Transmissibility Properties of Honeycomb Paperboard." Open Mechanical Engineering Journal 8, no. 1 (September 16, 2014): 320–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874155x01408010320.
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The vibration transmissibility properties of a honeycomb paperboard are investigated by experiments. The analysis of the steady-state response of mass loaded honeycomb paperboard system to harmonic base excitation is presented in this paper. An experiment system is formulated and the vibration transmissibility data are obtained under different base excitation amplitude conditions. According to the transmissibility experiments data, we can assume that both the stiffness and damping properties are nonlinear. The hysteresis loops of the honeycomb paperboard-mass system are experimentally obtained, and are used to investigate the stiffness and damping properties of the system. The honeycomb paperboard’s uni-directional vibration transmissibility behavior is modeled by using nonlinear stiffness, the combination of velocity proportional damping and quadratic type nonlinear damping components. The parameters in the model are identified by use of one-term harmonic balance method and the parameters under different load condition are presented. The model and the parameters in this paper can be used to simulate the transmissibility-frequency curves accurately. The model can be used for understanding the vibration transmissibility behaviors of the honeycomb paperboard, and the simulated transmissibility-frequency curves can be used for the packaging design.
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Zhao, De Jian, Hai Yun Jiang, Guang Jun Hua, and Zhi Qing Yuan. "Static Edgewise Crush Property and Mechanical Model of Apposition Combined C-Flute Corrugated Paperboard." Applied Mechanics and Materials 200 (October 2012): 126–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.200.126.
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C-flute corrugated paperboards with length of 100mm were combined side by side with/without water soluble glue to study the static edgewise crush property. Combinations with different height (20, 25, 40, 60, 80, and 100mm), different number of layers, with or without glue were tested to obtain mechanical property and buffering property data of C-flute corrugated paperboard. The result indicates that the deformation of paperboard combinations can be divided into three stages as elastic-like deform stage, yield-like stage and high plastic deformation stage. The mechanical model of the elastic-like deform stage was built according to numerical fitting, which shows that the relationship between the stress and the quadratic function of strain is exponential.
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Hagman, Anton, and Mikael Nygårds. "Investigation of sample-size effects on in-plane tensile testing of paperboard." Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal 27, no. 2 (May 1, 2012): 295–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3183/npprj-2012-27-02-p295-304.
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Abstract The impact of sample size on in-plane strain behavior in paperboard was investigated, with the aim to explore the differences between local and global properties in paperboard, and try to pinpoint the mechanisms behind such differences. The local properties are of interest in converting as well as for future 3D forming of paperboard. It is important to identify differences in behavior between local and global properties since most paperboards are evaluated against the latter. The methods used for evaluation were tensile tests in controlled environment and speckle photography. The results show that there is a difference in strain behavior that is dependent of the length to width ratio of the sample, that this behavior cannot be predicted by standard tensile tests and that it depends on the board composition. The speckle analysis revealed that the behavior is a result of the activation of strain zones in the sample. These zones are relatively constant in size and therefore contribute differently to total strain in samples of different size.
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Xie, Yong, and Li Rong Yan. "Experimental Investigation into the Static Cushioning Properties of Rhombic Honeycomb Paperboard." Applied Mechanics and Materials 55-57 (May 2011): 1299–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.55-57.1299.
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The cushioning characteristics of honeycomb paperboards with rhombic core were investigated and compared with the conventional hexagonal honeycomb paperboards. The compressing tests under low-velocity impact loads were performed to analyze stresses and deformation behaviors of specimens based on stress-strain curves and cushioning coefficient-strain curves. The results show that, compared of the hexagonal core, the rhombic core structure is able to decrease the rigidity and improve the initial cushioning properties of honeycomb paperboard. It is more benefit for packaging fragile items.
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Park, Jong-Min, Jae-Min Sim, and Hyun-Mo Jung. "Finite Element Simulation of the Flat Crush Behavior of Corrugated Packages." Applied Sciences 11, no. 17 (August 26, 2021): 7867. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11177867.
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Corrugated paperboards are used for packaging because of their high strength-to-weight ratio, recyclability, and biodegradability. Corrugated paperboard consists of a liner and a corrugated medium and has an orthotropic sandwich structure with unique characteristics for each direction owing to its flute shape. In this study, finite element analysis (FEA) was performed on the flat crush behavior of the corrugated paperboard based on the flute type. The stress-strain (SS) curve and shape change of the flute were analyzed during the flat compression. In addition, it was compared with the FEA results through various experiments. The restraints and boundary conditions applied during FEA were used to properly describe the conditions during the experiment. Specifically, the horizontal translation motion of the top and bottom surfaces of the modeled test specimen was constrained during FEA to correspond to the effect of sandpaper attached to the upper and lower plates of the testing machine. This was done to prevent the specimen from sliding in one direction during the flat crush test. The change in the flute shape of the corrugated paperboard by flute type analyzed through experiments and FEA was very similar; although there was a difference in the absolute value between the two methods of the SS curve, the flute type exhibited a similar trend. Therefore, a qualitative comparative study on the flat crush behavior by flute type was possible with the FEA method, as in this study. Further studies on the material properties of the corrugated paperboard components and the modeling methods of the corrugated paperboard will enable the FEA-based simulation technique to be an alternative tool that can replace the flat crush test.
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Ovaska, Sami-Seppo, Panu Tanninen, Esa Saukkonen, and Kaj Backfolk. "Effect of blank pre-conditioning humidity on the dimensional accuracy and rigidity of paperboard trays." Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal 33, no. 2 (July 26, 2018): 348–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/npprj-2018-3027.
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Abstract Optimization of storage conditions is essential for successful converting of paperboard. This paper investigates the effect of blank moisture content on the dimensional accuracy and rigidity of press-formed paperboard trays. The trays were manufactured from uncoated, pigment-coated and extrusion-coated paperboards and multi-layer materials using fixed process parameters. Because of the different layer structures and coatings, the paperboards showed different hygroscopic behavior. Prior to converting trials, the bursting strength of paperboards under different moisture conditions was assessed. It was found that the moisture content has only a minor influence on bursting strength, but moisture affects blank curling tendency and dimensional accuracy of the tray. A high blank moisture content led to a loss of the dimensional stability and load-bearing capacity of trays, although based on earlier knowledge it is evident that the moisture content should be high for successful press-forming. As expected, a low blank moisture content increased the prevalence of ruptures in forming but the resulting trays were stiffer and their dimensional accuracy was better. It was suggested that the increased stiffness is related to a more efficient moisture removal during the press-forming, so that the fiber network is more effectively consolidated due to e. g. the formation of hydrogen bonds.
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Guo, Yanfeng, Wencai Xu, Yungang Fu, and Hongtao Wang. "Dynamic Shock Cushioning Characteristics and Vibration Transmissibility of X-PLY Corrugated Paperboard." Shock and Vibration 18, no. 4 (2011): 525–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/578265.
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X-PLY corrugated paperboard is a new-type corrugated paperboard with three layers of orthotropic corrugated sandwiches structure, and may be employed to protect products from shock or vibration damage during distribution. This article deals with the characterization of properties of X-PLY corrugated paperboard relevant to its application for protective packaging in distribution, such as dynamic cushioning curves, vibration transmissibility and frequency curves. The main feature of article is the evaluation on the dynamic shock cushioning characteristics and vibration transmissibility of X-PLY corrugated paperboards by a series of experimental studies on the drop shock tester and vibration tester, the establishment of experimental formulas of dynamic cushioning curves, and the analysis of peak frequencies, vibration transmissibility and damping ratios. By using the fitting polynomial of curve and method of the least mean square, the experimental formulas and characteristic coefficients of dynamic cushioning curves have been obtained. From the vibration tests with slow sine sweep, the peak frequencies and vibration transmissibility are measured and used to estimate the damping ratios. These works provide basic data and curves relevant to its application for protective packaging in distribution.
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Kavčič, Urška, Gregor Lavrič, and Igor Karlovits. "Alternative Fiber-Based Paperboard Adhesion Evaluation with T- and Y-Peel Testing." Applied Sciences 13, no. 17 (August 29, 2023): 9779. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13179779.
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Due to increased pressure on the availability of wood biomass in the EU and the regulatory attempts to lower CO2 values, where wood-based biomass plays a crucial role in carbon sequestration, the use of cellulose derived from alternative sources is gaining increased interest in the pulp and paper industry as well as in other industries. The processing properties of alternative fiber-based packaging need to be checked in current processing operations with other types of materials and recycling workflows. For example, in the production of folding boxes, after printing other converting properties such as glueability are also of great importance. The adhesive absorption and bonding strength of materials are important as adhesive joints of packaging can interfere with the protective function. In the presented research, three different paperboards produced on a pilot scale from alternative raw material sources were tested. Two paperboards were produced from the alien invasive plants Japanese knotweed and black locust, and one from residual sawdust. The basic paperboard properties were tested regarding paperboard porosity, roughness, z-directional tensile strength, and dynamical behavior regarding liquid interaction (contact angle and liquid penetration dynamic), as water-based adhesives were used in the research. For adhesive joint strength testing, Y- and T-peel adhesion testing was performed on the joint paperboard samples, as still there is no fully standardized method for the evaluation of such fiber-based material properties. The results indicate differences in the penetration dynamics of liquids. This parameter had the highest influence on the peel adhesion strength, while porosity, roughness, and dynamic contact angle were not so significant. Regarding the two adhesive joint tests, the differences in separate materials regarding peel adhesion curves show similar results. However, the Y-peel maximum force values are higher due to the testing setup (in comparison to the T-peel test). The paperboards made from invasive plants showed adhesive joint failures which are more suitable for tamper-proof packaging due to their low surface strength and crack propagation into the fiber structure.
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Kumar, Vinay, Douglas Bousfield, and Martti Toivakka. "Slot die coating of nanocellulose on paperboard." January 2018 17, no. 01 (February 1, 2018): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj17.01.11.
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Constantly growing interest in nanocellulose usage and applications is pushing the scientific community to search for suitable production and processing techniques. One example is use of nanocellulose as a barrier material in packaging applications, which requires processing of nanocellulose into films and coatings. It is challenging to coat nanocellulose suspensions using conventional pigment coating techniques due to their yield stress behavior and very high viscosity, even at low solids concentration. This work demonstrates a novel roll-to-roll coating method of nanocellulose on paperboard using slot die geometry. The rheology of nanocellulose suspensions in pressure-driven flow is found to play a critical role in enabling their coating using the said process. In this work, the slot die is used in an unconventional manner where the shearing and metering elements are combined to aid wet film formation and application of nanocellulose suspension onto the paperboard. Barrier performance of the nanocellulose coated paperboards against air, water, heptane vapor, grease, and oils was found to be reasonable and warrants further research on the subject.
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Kmita-Fudalej, Gabriela, Włodzimierz Szewczyk, and Zbigniew Kołakowski. "Calculation of Honeycomb Paperboard Resistance to Edge Crush Test." Materials 13, no. 7 (April 6, 2020): 1706. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13071706.
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The article presents the method of calculating the edge crush test (ECT) of honeycomb paperboard. Calculations were made on the basis of mechanical properties of paper raw materials used for the production of cellular paperboard and geometrical parameters describing cellular paperboard. The presented method allows ECT calculation of honeycomb paperboard in the main directions in the paperboard plane; i.e., machine direction (MD) and cross direction (CD). The proposed method was verified by comparing the results of calculations with the results of ECT measurements of paperboard with different geometrical parameters made of different fibrous materials.
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Wang, Dongmei, and Rui Yang. "Study on damping characteristic of honeycomb paperboard and vibration reduction mechanism of packaging system." Journal of Vibration and Control 25, no. 9 (February 13, 2019): 1536–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077546319827399.
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Honeycomb paperboard has been widely used in transportation and packaging of electronic instruments and furniture owing to the advantages of light weight, good compression resistance, environmental friendliness, and easy degradation. As a common cushioning material in transportation, it is worth studying the damping characteristic and vibration reduction mechanism of honeycomb paperboard. Based on the basic principles of vibration mechanics, the damping of honeycomb paperboard was proposed. Then the influences of cell length, paperboard thickness, grammage of core paper, and the honeycomb structures with face sheet or without face sheet on the damping characteristic of honeycomb paperboard were analyzed. Finally, the vibration reduction mechanism of packaging system with honeycomb paperboard and block was discussed briefly. The results show that the damping value of honeycomb paperboard decreases with the increase of cell length and paperboard thickness. The honeycomb paperboard with large grammage of core paper has high damping value, and yet paper honeycomb core structure without face sheet has poor damping capacity. What's more, the vibration reduction capacity of packaging system is influenced by the deformation and damping characteristic of honeycomb paperboard, among which material damping and structural damping contribute more, honeycomb deformation and air damping contribute less. The weight of block does not affect the damping characteristic of honeycomb paperboard, but affects the vibration reduction capacity of the whole system.
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Zhang, Shuqi, Xinru Yu, Chao Wu, Pengfei Jia, Junyu Deng, and Huanchao Cheng. "Manufacturing process optimization and quality grading method of insulating paperboard for converter transformer." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2254, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 012031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2254/1/012031.
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Abstract Oil paper insulation is the main form of transformer internal insulation. Different from the conventional transformer, the insulating paperboard bears a higher electric field component in the interior of the converter transformer. Therefore, the performance of insulating paperboard plays a vital role in the reliability of converter operation. Many insulation faults have occurred in the operation of UHV converter transformer. The production process and detection standard of conventional transformer insulating paperboard can not meet the operation requirements of UHV converter transformer under high field strength. In this study, the performance of insulating paperboard for UHV converter transformer was tested and compared. Combined with the series tests of micro properties, physical and chemical properties and electrical properties in the manufacturing process of insulating paperboard, the key manufacturing process of insulating paperboard is studied, and the process measures suitable for UHV converter transformer insulating paperboard are put forward. In addition, the comparison between the current test standard of insulating paperboard and the actual operation requirements is carried out, and the key performance test indexes of insulating paperboard applicable to converter transformer that are not covered in IEC standard are analyzed. The quality classification of insulating paperboard of UHV converter transformer and conventional transformer is carried out, and the selection scheme is provided. Insulating paperboard of class A is selected to be suitable for the design and manufacture of UHV converter transformer. The research results provide support for improving the performance of insulating paperboard of UHV converter transformer and ensuring the operation reliability of transformer.
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Zhang, Shuqi, Xinru Yu, Chao Wu, Pengfei Jia, Junyu Deng, and Huanchao Cheng. "Manufacturing process optimization and quality grading method of insulating paperboard for converter transformer." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2254, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 012031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2254/1/012031.
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Abstract Oil paper insulation is the main form of transformer internal insulation. Different from the conventional transformer, the insulating paperboard bears a higher electric field component in the interior of the converter transformer. Therefore, the performance of insulating paperboard plays a vital role in the reliability of converter operation. Many insulation faults have occurred in the operation of UHV converter transformer. The production process and detection standard of conventional transformer insulating paperboard can not meet the operation requirements of UHV converter transformer under high field strength. In this study, the performance of insulating paperboard for UHV converter transformer was tested and compared. Combined with the series tests of micro properties, physical and chemical properties and electrical properties in the manufacturing process of insulating paperboard, the key manufacturing process of insulating paperboard is studied, and the process measures suitable for UHV converter transformer insulating paperboard are put forward. In addition, the comparison between the current test standard of insulating paperboard and the actual operation requirements is carried out, and the key performance test indexes of insulating paperboard applicable to converter transformer that are not covered in IEC standard are analyzed. The quality classification of insulating paperboard of UHV converter transformer and conventional transformer is carried out, and the selection scheme is provided. Insulating paperboard of class A is selected to be suitable for the design and manufacture of UHV converter transformer. The research results provide support for improving the performance of insulating paperboard of UHV converter transformer and ensuring the operation reliability of transformer.
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Wang, Li-Jun, Yang-Zhou Lai, and Zhi-Wei Wang. "Fatigue failure and Grms–N curve of corrugated paperboard box." Journal of Vibration and Control 26, no. 11-12 (January 13, 2020): 1028–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077546319891322.
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As a kind of transport packaging, the corrugated paperboard box is widely used in logistics. During transport, the stacked packaging units are subjected to random vibration induced by vehicles. Thus, the random dynamic force will be exerted to corrugated paperboard box continuously. As the shipping distance increases, there will be cumulative fatigue damage within the corrugated paperboard box, which will weaken the mechanical property (stiffness) and the protective value of the corrugated paperboard box. Therefore, the dynamic damage and fatigue failure of corrugated paperboard box are crucial for the design of corrugated paperboard box. This article aims to develop the acceleration root mean square-life [Formula: see text] curve of corrugated paperboard box. At first, the accelerated random vibration test method was developed by the theory analysis according to the damage equivalent principle of a specified point within the corrugated paperboard box. Then, the random vibration experiments were conducted on the loaded corrugated paperboard box by taking white noise as excitation power spectral density. In the experiments, the acceleration transmissibility curve was recorded periodically. Relative stiffness was taken as the indicator to detect the cumulative damage and assess the structural integrity of the corrugated paperboard box. The stiffness reduction 20%, 30%, and 40% were taken as fatigue failure criteria to develop the [Formula: see text] curves. Results show that both the Basquin type and exponential function type are in good fitting with the [Formula: see text] curve of the corrugated paperboard box. The index b of the Basquin type is between 8.16 and 11.01, and b′ of the exponential function type between 21.19 and 26.84. The study provides reference for the accelerated random vibration test of corrugated paperboard box.
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Mu, Xin Ni, Cheng Sun, Li Qiang Huang, and Yong Sheng Ma. "Research on In-Planestatic Mechanical Performance of Honeycomb Paperboard Based on Virtual Simulation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 376 (August 2013): 140–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.376.140.
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Simulation analysis was made with the factors of the base paper and the structure of honeycomb paperboard by means of ANSYS after abstract and simplify honeycomb paperboard model. The results show thatfactors of quantification of surface paper, cell length, paperboard thickness and aperture ratio all have a great effect on the mechanics performance of honeycomb paperboard. With the increase of quantification of surface paper, longitudinal and transverse platform stress both rise gradually. With the increase of cell length and paperboard thickness, the platform stress and peak stress under different compression direction of honeycomb paperboard all decrease, providing a reference for the study of numerical simulation and mechanical property tests.
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Bakker, Sterre, Joey Kloos, Gerald A. Metselaar, A. Catarina C. Esteves, and Albert P. H. J. Schenning. "About Gas Barrier Performance and Recyclability of Waterborne Coatings on Paperboard." Coatings 12, no. 12 (November 28, 2022): 1841. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12121841.
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For preserving food packed in environmentally friendly and recyclable paperboard packages, it is important to have sufficient gas barrier performance of the paperboard container. Paperboard has poor intrinsic barrier properties and to overcome this deficiency, so a barrier coating is needed that does not hinder the recycling of the paperboard substrate. However, the gas barrier properties and the recyclability of such coatings have been rarely studied. Here, both the gas barrier performance and the removal of an alkali-soluble resin (ASR)-stabilized waterborne barrier coatings from paperboard are investigated. For barriers for gases, such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and oxygen, defect-free coatings are needed which is achieved by applying three coating layers. The oxygen transmission rate (OTR) of the three-layered coating on paperboard was 920 cm3/(m2∙day). For water vapor barriers, two coating layers already show a strong improvement, as water follows a different penetration mechanism than the other tested gases. The water vapor transmission rate WVTR of double coated paperboard was 240 g/(m2∙day). Preliminary results show that the coating is removed by immersion of the coated paperboard in an aqueous alkaline solution at room temperature. This causes de-protonation of the carboxylic acids of the ASR and subsequent re-dispersion of the coating in water. Removing double-layer coatings from the paperboard is more challenging, possibly due to the coating/coating interface between the two coating layers and enhanced adhesion between coating and paperboard.
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Ma, Yong Sheng, Cheng Sun, Xin Ni Mu, and Xin Li. "The Simulation Research of In-Plane Static Compression Properties of Honeycomb Paperboard Based on FEA." Advanced Materials Research 631-632 (January 2013): 1061–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.631-632.1061.
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The in-plane mechanical properties of honeycomb paperboard were analyzed and simulated by ANSYS software with finite element analysis method. This paper also explored and optimized finite element modeling method of honeycomb paperboard structure and obtained the equivalent stress distribution maps of honeycomb paperboard in different displacement loads. The mechanical properties and deformation mode of the honeycomb paperboard in the in-plane compression conditions were also analyzed. The results show that longitudinal compressive strength is greater than the lateral compressive strength. The compression deformation mode is different when compressing but appears with the same four stages. The results of finite element analysis have good equivalence with the experimental ones. This paper also revealed the honeycomb paperboard in-plane mechanical properties, deformation and destruction mechanism, further extended the research scope of honeycomb paperboard, and promoted the application of finite element method in the analysis of honeycomb paperboard.
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Liu, Quan Xiao, Dan Xi Li, Fei Ma, Chang Qing Chen, and Jun Yang. "Preparation and Properties of Multi-Layer Composite Paperboard." Advanced Materials Research 774-776 (September 2013): 1010–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.774-776.1010.
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In order to study the preparation and property of the multi layer composite paperboard, bleached wheat straw pulp, bleached chemical thermal mechanical pulp and waste newsprint pulp are used as raw materials to making paperboard. The results show that the bonding force between fibers of grasses chemical pulp is strong which can improve the bonding strength between the layers. Bleached wheat straw pulp is used as outer layer and waste news paper pulp is used as inner layer to make composite paperboard has high physical properties. Bleached chemical thermal mechanical pulp fiber is shorter, so paperboard tightness and physical strength reduce, which can be used as the lining of the multi layer composite paperboard to improve the stiffness of the paperboard and reduce the cost.
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Madeira, Danielle M. F., Osvaldo Vieira, Luís Antonio Pinheiro, and Benjamim de Melo Carvalho. "Correlation between Surface Energy and Adhesion Force of Polyethylene/Paperboard: A Predictive Tool for Quality Control in Laminated Packaging." International Journal of Chemical Engineering 2018 (June 3, 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2709037.
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Poor adhesion continues to be a problem for manufacturers of laminated packaging. Therefore, the aim of this research was to study the effect of flame treatment, the type of coating, and starch application on the adhesion force of polyethylene/paperboard. The force of adhesion was determined using the peel test method; the paper surface energy was assessed by contact angle analysis; and paperboard roughness was determined by profilometer. The flame treatment did not affect the surface roughness but significantly increased the paperboard surface energy. The paperboard coated with polar latex showed much higher surface energy than the paperboard coated with nonpolar latex. The adhesion force of polyethylene presented a linear correlation to the surface energy of the paperboard. Therefore, the surface energy of paperboard is an excellent indication of its adhesion force to polyethylene, and this represents a very reliable and practical method in terms of quality control in the paper industry for producing laminated packages.
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GIGAC, JURAJ, and MÁRIA FIŠEROVÁ. "EFFECT OF SMOOTHING IN CALENDER AND HOT STAMPINGMACHINE ONTHE PROPERTIES OF COATED PAPERBOARDS FORPRINTED ELECTRONICS." WOOD RESEARCH 67(1) 2022 67, no. 1 (January 16, 2022): 26–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.37763/wr.1336-4561/67.1.2640.
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The methods of coatedpaperboards smoothing witha hot stamping machine using asmooth metal die and a conventional calender were compared. The printing roughness required for printing electrical and electronic components was achieved by both smoothing methods. The printing roughness of the coated paperboards decreased after hot stamping by18to 42% and after calendering by 22 to 41% depending on the grade of coated paperboard. Thestiffness of coated paperboards decreased after hot stamping by only 4 to 21%, while by up to 38to 51% after calendering. The ratio of specific stiffness and printing roughness of coated paperboards after hot stamping ranged from 2.5 to 8.1 mN.μm-2and after calendering from 2.0to 6.7 mN.μm-2. The stiffness of the coated paperboards decreased less after hot stamping, and that only in the printed electronics area, while after calendering the stiffness decreased significantly more in the whole profile. It can be assumed that packaging made from coated paperboards smoothed by hot stamping will have a lower weight and thus lower costs than packaging from calendered coated paperboards.
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Guo, Yanfeng, Meijuan Ji, Yungang Fu, Dan Pan, Xingning Wang, and Jianfen Kang. "Cushioning energy absorption of composite layered structures including paper corrugation, paper honeycomb and expandable polyethylene." Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design 54, no. 3 (April 2019): 176–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309324719847069.
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The composite layered structures including paper corrugation, paper honeycomb and expandable polyethylene are innovative structures of cushioning energy absorption, and the compression and impact resistances of the expandable polyethylene can be enhanced by laminating the corrugated paperboard or honeycomb paperboard. This article evaluated the compression performance and cushioning energy absorption of the composite layered structures by the static compression and drop impact compression tests. On one hand, the static compression properties showed that the total energy absorption, energy absorption per unit volume and stroke efficiency of the composite layered structures were all higher than those of expandable polyethylene. The specific energy absorption was enhanced with the increase in compression strain but almost not affected by the compression rate. The specific energy absorption of the composite layered structures including the expandable polyethylene and honeycomb paperboard was greater than those of the expandable polyethylene and corrugated paperboard. The energy absorption efficiency of the composite layered structures including the expandable polyethylene and corrugated paperboard was large for the low compression stress level, yet that of the composite layered structures including the expandable polyethylene and honeycomb paperboard was large for the high compression stress level. On the other hand, the dynamic compression characteristics showed that the peak stress, energy absorption per unit area, energy absorption per unit volume and specific energy absorption of the composite layered structures embodying paper sandwich cores and expandable polyethylene had linear increasing trends with the increase of drop shock energy. At the same drop impact condition, the composite layered structures including the honeycomb paperboard and expandable polyethylene had better cushioning energy absorption, the peak stress decreased by 23.6% on average, the energy absorption efficiency raised by 8.85% on average and the specific energy absorption increased by 18.1% on average than those including the corrugated paperboard and expandable polyethylene. Therefore, the corrugated paperboard and honeycomb paperboard can helpfully improve the cushioning energy absorption of the expandable polyethylene, and the composite layered structures embodying the expandable polyethylene, corrugated paperboard and honeycomb paperboard may hold excellent packaging protection.
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Cao, Le, and Yi Zhang. "Study on Surface Characteristics of Vacuum Aluminized Paperboard." Applied Mechanics and Materials 416-417 (September 2013): 1666–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.416-417.1666.
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In order to obtain surface characteristics of vacuum aluminized paperboard, this paper illustrated the structure of vacuum aluminized paperboard. By setting coated paper and gold card paper as the contrast materials, it mainly studied several major surface characteristics of vacuum aluminized paperboard, such as glossiness, smoothness, ink absorbency and paper surface efficiency, which has provided reference for production and application of vacuum aluminized paperboard.
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Wu, Min, Ping Zheng, Luan Zhang, and Jian Feng Zhao. "Moistureproof and Waterproof Paperboard for Frozen Food Packaging." Applied Mechanics and Materials 312 (February 2013): 529–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.312.529.
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Frozen food is popular with more and more customers nowadays, it's consumption is growing rapidly.The packaging of the frozen food usually uses paperboard. Frozen food may suffer temperature fluctuations in the process of storage, transportation and sales, which cause the paperboard sop up , the strength come down and packaging carton dilapidation. Paperboard should have moisture-proof, waterproof and high strength properties in order to ensure that the packaging carton have sufficient strength. In this paper, the methods and researches of obtaining moisture-proof and waterproof paperboard based on paperboard surface treatment and pulp preparation were introduced.
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El-Sabour, Mona A., Amina L. Mohamed, Magda G. El-Meligy, and Mona T. Al-Shemy. "Characterization of recycled waste papers treated with starch/organophosphorus-silane biocomposite flame retardant." Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal 36, no. 1 (February 18, 2021): 108–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/npprj-2020-0075.
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Abstract In this study we have recycled two types of waste papers, newspapers and magazines, to prepare paperboard sheets for multipurpose applications. The recycling procedure succeeded in removing most of inorganic contaminants via de-inking process. To enhance the flame retardant ability of paperboard sheets, treatment with varying concentrations (1, 3 and 5 % wt/vol) of organophosphorus-silane compound in the absence and presence of starch (0.2 % wt/vol) was done. The thermal proofing properties of paperboard sheets have been modified after treatment with organophosphorus-silane compound and starch/organophosphorus-silane biocomposite. The results showed that, 3 % (wt/vol) was the minimum concentration to accomplish fire retardancy of paperboard sheets. The addition of starch to the organophosphorus-silane compound enhances the physicomechanical properties of modified paperboard sheets. The paperboard sheets treated organophosphorus-silane compound and starch/organophosphorus-silane biocomposite showed dissimilar activities against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Various analyses were performed to study the physical, chemical, mechanical and thermal properties of the prepared paperboard sheets.
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Wang, Bao Zhong, Zhao Dan Sun, and Li Jie Cao. "Research on Vibration Properties of Honeycomb Paperboard with Double Cross-Core." Applied Mechanics and Materials 121-126 (October 2011): 359–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.121-126.359.
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Studied the vibration performance of honeycomb paperboard with double cross-core, obtained vibration transmissibility curve of honeycomb paperboard with double cross-core, by the curve indicated, the vibration transmission properties of the honeycomb paperboard with double cross-core in the sinusoidal excitation ,and the packaging materials as contents when the size of the protection capacity. The results show that the shock resistance capacity of honeycomb paperboard with double cross-core is supers the single layer with the same thickness of.
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Han, Ju, Wei Chi Pei, and Xiao Bo Cui. "Research of Flat Crush Performance and Processing Technology for Dual-Core Honeycomb Paperboard." Advanced Materials Research 174 (December 2010): 521–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.174.521.
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To solve the conflict between cost and compressive strength of honeycomb paperboard, dual-core honeycomb paperboard is designed. Based on the processing technology of single-core paperboard, the processing technology of dual-core honeycomb is identified. Using production equipment of Tang Hai Yuan Ming Tangshan, Hebei Province, Ltd. Honeycomb, 110g/m2 and 220g/m2 paper core composed of 20mm thick dual-core honeycomb samples is produced. Through flat compression properties and the finite element method, using two kinds of honeycomb performance of the simulation analysis of experimental data and simulation analysis by the dual data Verify, the level dual-core honeycomb has been a substantial increase in compression performance. Based on dual-core honeycomb paperboard, multi-core paperboard can be designed and produced.
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Li, Chun Qiu, Hong Xiang, Xiao Ping Fan, and Wen Ming Wang. "ANSYS Parametric Modeling of Honeycomb Paperboard and the Influence of Cutting Position on Mechanical Property." Advanced Materials Research 875-877 (February 2014): 786–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.875-877.786.
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The finite element method has been widely applied to numerical simulation of honeycomb paperboard, and the parametric modeling is the most important step for the simulation. In order to This paper discussed three ways of building honeycomb paperboard model using ANSYS command flow, and also introduced the CAD model import in ANSYS. The influence of cutting position of honeycomb paperboard model on compression strength was analyzed; the results showed that the influence on bulk density and the compression strength of honeycomb paperboard model can't be ignored.
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LV, YUAN-JUN, and QIONG CHEN. "DROP IMPACT ANALYSIS ON THE PACKAGING SYSTEM USING HONEYCOMB PAPERBOARD." Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Systems 10, no. 01 (June 2011): 167–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219686711002119.
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A packaging system using the material of honeycomb paperboard, when it is subjected to drop impact, is a major concern to manufacturers as it relates to the maximum stress causing failure. In this work, the full-field dynamic responses of product packaging system are measured and analyzed in detail with the simulation and experiment method. First, on the basis of theoretical analysis, a series of honeycomb paperboards with different size dimension of paper honeycomb core had been set up in the FEA software. Then a packaging system which is made up of rigid body and deformable body had been analyzed. The results show that the physical dimension of paper honeycomb core has a great effect on its impact resistance: with the increasing size dimension, the peak acceleration has a quickly alteration within 10 mm–20 mm, but in other region it has an effect in the form of up and down fluctuation. At the same time, with the increasing size dimension, honeycomb paperboard can improve the energy absorption ability in the condition of elastic deformation. The research results can be used to optimize the structure design and material selection.
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Li, Ya Jie, Zhong Ji, Ren Liu, Yi Guo Luan, and Chao Zheng. "Experimental Investigations on the Influence Factors of Paperboard Deep Drawing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 200 (October 2012): 511–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.200.511.
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Experiments were conducted to study which type of paperboard and process parameters are suitable for deep drawing of paperboard into trays. The tray is a shallow rectangle box with round corners, wavy bottom and indented walls. Paperboard used in this paper is anisotropic, and its mechanical properties include tensile strength and elongation. Results show that paperboard with the basis weight of 260g/m2 is the suitable type. Proper moisture can improve the tensile strength and ensure the surface quality. Improper blank shape and size can result in wrinkling and cracking.
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Chen, Qiong, and Yuan Jun Lv. "Drop Impact Behavior of Packaging System with Irregular Honeycomb Core." Advanced Materials Research 146-147 (October 2010): 127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.146-147.127.
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For a product packaging system with honeycomb paperboard, its impact resistance caused by drop impact behavior had been concerned. However, irregular hexagon structure of the paper honeycomb core exists in package business, which is attributable to laggard glue applicator. It has an impact on its impact characteristics. Drop impact behavior of packaging system with irregular honeycomb core has been put forward to know its influence. First, on the basis of theoretical analysis, a series of honeycomb paperboards with different size dimension of paper honeycomb core had been set up in the FEA software. Then a packaging system which made up of rigid body and deformable body had been analyzed. The results show that the physical dimension of paper honeycomb core has a great effect on its impact resistance: with the increasing on degree of irregularity of paper honeycomb core, the peak acceleration has a quickly alteration. At the same time, when the length of glued edge is in near 4 mm and the girth of honeycomb core is 36mm, honeycomb paperboard can improve the energy absorption ability in the condition of elastic deformation. The research results can be used to optimize the structure design.
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Tryding, Johan, Gustav Marin, Mikael Nygårds, Petri Mäkelä, and Giulio Ferrari. "Experimental and theoretical analysis of in-plane cohesive testing of paperboard." International Journal of Damage Mechanics 26, no. 6 (March 11, 2016): 895–918. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1056789516630776.
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In-plane cohesive failure of paperboard was characterized by short-span uniaxial tension tests. Six paperboards' qualities were experimentally investigated, from which cohesive stress–widening curves were extracted. A fracture energy was defined, expressed in the tensile strength and maximum slope of the cohesive stress–widening relation. Analytical cohesive relations were derived based on the tensile strength and maximum slope, utilizing the Morse potential for diatomic molecules. It was experimentally found that the maximum slope and fracture energy depend on the tensile strength. The ratio of the maximum slope to the elastic modulus (stable length) was shown to be independent of the tensile strength.
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Gao, De, and Jun Li. "Investigation into Energy Absorption of Corrugated Paperboard with B-Flute." Applied Mechanics and Materials 200 (October 2012): 94–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.200.94.
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In this paper, the characteristics of B-flute corrugated paperboard is obtained by quasi-static compression experiment on a universal testing machine. The constitutive relationship is identified. Then, according to the relation, we calculate the energy absorption curve of corrugated paperboard with B-flute. At last, a bearing example of the paperboard is given to introduce its application.
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Wei, Xiao Qin, and Da Peng Zhu. "Identification of Nonlinear Property of Honeycomb Paperboard through Use of Hilbert Transform." Advanced Materials Research 590 (November 2012): 536–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.590.536.
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A method is formulated to model the properties of honeycomb paperboard based on Hilbert transform, In this method, there are no assumptions on the forms of the stiffness and damping properties, this method is truly nonparametric. An experiment system is set up to record the free response of the mass loaded honeycomb paperboard system, the experiment data are used to identify the stiffness and damping properties of honeycomb paperboard. The motion equation of mass loaded honeycomb paperboard system is formulated, the transmissibility curve is simulated, the comparison of the simulated curves and the experiment data indicates the model in this paper is accurate.
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Fan, Zhi-geng, Li-xin Lu, and Jun Wang. "Effect of Fatigue Damage on Energy Absorption Properties of Honeycomb Paperboard." Shock and Vibration 2015 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/681671.
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The effect of fatigue damage (FD) on the energy absorption properties of precompressed honeycomb paperboard is investigated by fatigue compression experiments. The constitutive relations of honeycomb paperboard have been changed after the fatigue damage. The results show that FD has effect on plateau stress and energy absorption capacity of honeycomb paperboard after fatigue cycles but has no significant effect on densification strain. Energy absorption diagram based on the effect of FD is constructed from the stress-strain curves obtained after fatigue compression experiments. FD is a significant consideration for honeycomb paperboard after transports. The results of this paper could be used for optimization design of packaging materials.
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Ternytskyi, Serhii, Ivan Rehei, Nazar Kandiak, Ihor Radikhovskyi, and Oksana Mlynko. "Experimental Research of Paperboard Cutting in Die Cutting Press with the Screw–Nut Transmission of Drive Mechanism of a Movable Pressure Plate." Acta Mechanica et Automatica 15, no. 3 (September 1, 2021): 122–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ama-2021-0017.
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Abstract This paper reports experimental research of torques during paperboard cutting in the die cutting press with the screw–nut transmission in the drive mechanism of the movable pressure plate. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the practical implementation of the pressure plate drive mechanism with the use of screw–nut transmission for the production of cartons of paperboard blanks. The manufactured experimental bench for the research of paperboard blanks provides the possibility of getting dependencies of loads on different parameters of the die cutting process. The developed method of the experimental research envisages the use of the strain gauge method and the wireless module for data measurement and software for its processing that allow getting trustworthy results with minimum faults. As a result of experimental research studies, the impact of paperboard thickness and cutting velocity on torque values has been established. Results of experimental research allow getting trustworthy and systematised information about torque values depending on the thickness of the paperboard, the paperboard fibre direction and pressure plate displacement velocity. It is established that torque values on drive shaft during die cutting of paperboard blanks made of folding boxboard with thickness that lay in range of 0.3–0.7 mm. Experimental research studies show the impact of rotation speed of a drive shaft of the pressure plate drive mechanism on the torque value. The article shows the workability of the designed device with screw–nut transmission in the drive mechanism of a movable pressure plate.
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THORMAN, SOFIA, CECILIA RYDEFALK, ANTON HAGMAN, and LARS GRANLÖF. "Dynamic out-of-plane compression of paperboard — Influence of impact velocity on the surface." February 2024 23, no. 2 (February 27, 2024): 113–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj23.2.113.
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Processes that convert paperboard into finished products include, for example, printing, where the paperboard is subjected to rapid Z-directional (ZD) compression in the print nip. However, measuring and evaluating the relevant properties in the thickness direction of paperboard are not necessarily straightforward or easy. Measuring at relevant, millisecond deformation rates further complicates the problem. The aim of the present work is to elucidate some of the influences on the compressive stiffness. Both the initial material response and the overall compressibility of the paperboard is studied. In this project, the effect on the material response from the surface structure and the millisecond timescale recovery is explored.The method utilized is a machine called the Rapid ZD-tester. The device drops a probe in freefall on the substrate and records the probe position, thus acquiring the deformation of the substrate. The probe is also allowed to bounce several times on the surface for consecutive impacts before being lifted for the next drop. To investigate the time dependent stiffness behavior, the probe is dropped several times at the same XY position on the paperboard from different heights, thus achieving different impact velocities. The material response from drops and bounces combined allows study of the short-term recovery of the material. The material in the study is commercial paperboard. The paperboard samples are compared to material where the surface has been smoothed by grinding it. Our study shows that there is a non-permanent reduction in thickness and a stiffening per bounce of the probe, indicating a compaction that has not recovered in the millisecond timescale. Additionally, a higher impact velocity has an initial stiffening effect on the paperboard, and this is reduced by smoothing the surface.
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Mark, Andreas, Fredrik Edelvik, Johan Tryding, Ulf Nyman, Junis Amini, Mats Fredlund, Maria Rentzhog, et al. "Modeling and simulation of paperboard edge wicking." Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal 27, no. 2 (May 1, 2012): 397–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3183/npprj-2012-27-02-p397-402.
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Abstract When liquid packaging board is made aseptic in the filling machine the unsealed edges of the board are exposed to hydrogen peroxide. A high level of liquid penetration may lead to aesthetic as well as functional defects. To be able to make a priori predictions of the edge wicking properties of a certain paperboard material is therefore of great interest to paper industry as well as to packaging manufacturers. The aim of this paper is to present a new analytical theory for prediction of the edge wicking properties of paperboard. The theory is based on Darcy’s law and the ideal gas law to describe the physical behavior of water flow in paperboard. The theory is compared to a recently published multi-scale framework and with pressurized edge wick experiments. The agreement is very good for paperboard samples of different sizes. The conclusion from the work is that both analytical theory and detailed simulations are useful to predict edge wicking properties of paperboard material.
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Zhu, Da Peng, and Shi Sheng Zhou. "Honeycomb Paperboard Dynamic Properties Modeling and Parameters Estimation Using Free Response Data." Applied Mechanics and Materials 52-54 (March 2011): 692–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.52-54.692.
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A linear differential equation is adopted to account for the complexity of honeycomb paperboard properties under static and dynamic conditions. Based on the Laplace transform, honeycomb paperboard is modeled as a linear material with viscoelastic property. The free response of the mass loaded honeycomb paperboard system is expressed as the sum of complex exponentials. The residues and eigenvalues are obtained accurately using the structured nonlinear total least norm(SNTLN) method. A parameters estimation procedure is formulated using a substitution strategy. A experiment system is set up, a series of tests is carried out under different load condition, the free response data of the mass loaded honeycomb paperboard system are recorded and they are used to estimate the parameters. The stiffness coefficients, damping coefficients and viscoelastic coefficients are presented as the function of the load. The model in this work can be used to simulate the response of the mass loaded honeycomb paperboard system under shock condition.
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Xia, Rong Hou, Yan Feng Guo, and Wei Zhang. "Study on the Failure Mode of Corrugated Paperboard during Transport and Distribution." Applied Mechanics and Materials 200 (October 2012): 118–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.200.118.
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Corrugated paperboard is a kind of inexpensive and environmental-friendly packaging material and may be made into cushioning package pads to protect products from damaging during transport and distribution. By virtue of the static compression tests and impose four kinds of different compression speed on two kinds corrugated paperboard pads, This paper obtains the failure modes and the stress and strain curve. The results show that the failure of the corrugated board exhibit four stages, the linear elastic stage, the yield stage, plastic deformation and densification stage. The damage of corrugated structure pads occurs on yield and plastic deformation stage and structure damage mostly is shear crimpling on core layer. The damage of double layer corrugated paperboard is separated layer, first the bottom layer be damaged, then the top layer, until the corrugated paperboard is damaged wholly. In addition, we also find that the static compression speed has not significantly influence on the corrugated paperboard.