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1
Sonnenfeld, David A. "The Ghost of Wesley Vale: Environmentalists' Influence on Innovation in Australia's Pulp and Paper Industry." Competition & Change 1, no. 4 (December 1996): 379–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102452949600100403.
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This paper analyzes how a key conflict in Australia's pulp and paper industry became generalized to other sites through environmental action, government regulation, and industry initiative. From 1987–91, Australians debated construction of a new, world-class, export-oriented pulp mill in Tasmania. Rural residents, fishermen, and environmentalists, allied with the Australian Labor Party, succeeded in scuttling the project. Subsequently, the national government launched a major research program, state governments tightened regulations, and industry reduced elemental chlorine use. Any new mills constructed in Australia today would be among the cleanest in the world. This paper is part of a larger, comparative study of technological innovation in the pulp and paper industries of Australia, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand. The author interviewed industry officials, government regulators, research scientists, and environmentalists; visited pulp and paper mills; attended technical conferences; and conducted archival work in these countries during a 12-month period.
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John Gleeson, Damian. "Public relations education in Australia, 1950-1975." Journal of Communication Management 18, no. 2 (April 29, 2014): 193–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcom-11-2012-0091.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the foundation and development of public relations education (PRE) in Australia between 1950 and 1975. Design/methodology/approach – This paper utilises Australian-held primary and official industry association material to present a detailed and revisionist history of PR education in Australia in its foundation decades. Findings – This paper, which locates Australia's first PRE initiatives in Sydney, Melbourne and Adelaide in the 1960s, contests the only published account of PR education history by Potts (1976). The orthodox account, which has been repeated uncritically by later writers, overlooks earlier initiatives, such as the Melbourne-based Public Relations Institute of Australia, whose persistence resulted in Australia's first PR course at Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology in 1964. So too, educational initiatives in Adelaide and Sydney pre-date the traditional historiography. Originality/value – A detailed literature review suggests this paper represents the only journal-length piece on the history of PRE in Australia. It is also the first examination of relationships between industry, professional institutes, and educational authorities.
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Taylor, P. I., and B. O'Neil. "ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT: INNOVATION THROUGH COOPERATION." APPEA Journal 38, no. 1 (1998): 605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj97036.
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In 1996 the then Australian Nature Conservation Agency (ANC A) and APPEA formalised a commitment to greater cooperation with the hope of facilitating the achievement of objectives of sustainable development and the pursuit of greater understanding of each other's objectives. Up to this time neither APPEA or ANC A had contemplated such an innovative alliance.The outcomes of this commitment, and the re-signing of the agreement with the Biodiversity Group of Environment Australia, in 1997, has opened up new opportunities to explore innovative strategies which extend beyond the more traditional and adversarial approaches to environmental management and protection.This paper will discuss progress under the agreement and will analyse the lessons learned for Environment Australia in working with industry. An examination will also be made of how we translate the specifics of these lessons to institutional learning, particularly in the context of policy development and the implementation of research and management.The paper concludes with some challenges and a vision for the future.
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Koeberl, Martina, Dean Clarke, Katrina J. Allen, Fiona Fleming, Lisa Katzer, N. Alice Lee, Andreas L. Lopata, et al. "European Regulations for Labeling Requirements for Food Allergens and Substances Causing Intolerances: History and Future." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 101, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 60–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.17-0386.
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Abstract Food allergies are increasing globally, including numbers of allergens, the sensitization rate, and the prevalence rate. To protect food-allergic individuals in the community, food allergies need to be appropriately managed. This paper describes current Australian food allergen management practices. In Australia, the prevalence of food allergies, the anaphylaxis rate, and the fatal anaphylaxis rate are among the highest in the world. Interagency and stakeholder collaboration is facilitated and enhanced as Australia moves through past, current, and ongoing food allergen challenges. As a result, Australia has been a global leader in regulating the labeling of common allergens in packaged foods and their disclosure in foods not required to bear a label. Moreover, the food industry in Australia and New Zealand has developed a unique food allergen risk management tool, the Voluntary Incidental Trace Allergen Labelling program, which is managed by the Allergen Bureau. This paper summarizes insights and information provided by the major stakeholders involved to protect food-allergic consumers from any allergic reaction. Stakeholders include government; consumer protection, regulation, and enforcement agencies; the food industry; and food allergen testing and food allergen/allergy research bodies in Australia. The ongoing goal of all stakeholders in food allergen management in Australia is to promote best practice food allergen management procedures and provide a wide choice of foods, while enabling allergic consumers to manage their food allergies and reduce the risk of an allergic reaction.
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Smith, Matthew. "Reducing the complexity of environmental approvals: learnings from an industry-wide collaborative effort." APPEA Journal 59, no. 2 (2019): 719. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj18273.
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This extended abstract uses the reference case project, initiated by National Offshore Petroleum Safety and Environmental Management Authority, now led by National Energy Resources Australia, to delve into the underlying issues in the environmental approvals process and propose the root causes that have influenced this flagship collaborative effort. Collaboration for competitors is inherently difficult. The basis for meaningful collaboration is to find intractable problems that are better solved by a collection of participants with a common purpose. The environmental approvals process has evolved into an intractable problem that is adversely affecting the oil and gas industry’s ability to explore by becoming a barrier to investment and a source of uncertainty in project execution. Successive Australian Petroleum Production & Exploration Association conferences, and oil and gas industry leaders, have frequently promoted the collaboration imperative to the industry. Indeed, there is broad agreement, and many international examples on matters of health, safety and environmental management, that there is no value in competition. Why then is meaningful collaboration so difficult to deliver in an environmental management setting in Australia? This paper explores the successes and failures of the reference case project to illuminate the realities of collaboration in the Australian offshore petroleum industry. The paper shares insights from project leads, participants, decision makers and stakeholders and covers how collaboration can unlock barriers to investment and deliver greater certainty to the oil and gas industry and the Australian community.
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Li, Hui, and Petros Stathis. "Determinants of capital structure in Australia: an analysis of important factors." Managerial Finance 43, no. 8 (August 14, 2017): 881–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mf-02-2017-0030.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the many factors that affect the leverage decisions of publicly traded Australian companies, and tests to see whether these factors are reliably important. The relationship between these factors and the leverage decision is examined. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a multiple linear panel regressions to study the relationship between the factors and leverage. Findings The authors find a set of eight factors which are reliably important for capital structure decision making. These factors include: profitability, log of assets, median industry leverage, industry growth, market to book ratio, tangibility, capital expenditure, and investment tax credits. The empirical evidence indicates weakening support for the pecking order hypothesis and increasing support for the trade-off theory in Australia. Originality/value This paper examines the determinants of capital structure using Australian firms and provides a comprehensive empirical support for the capital structure theories.
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Mani, Deepa, Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo, and Sameera Mubarak. "Information security in the South Australian real estate industry." Information Management & Computer Security 22, no. 1 (March 4, 2014): 24–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imcs-10-2012-0060.
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Purpose – Opportunities for malicious cyber activities have expanded with the globalisation and advancements in information and communication technology. Such activities will increasingly affect the security of businesses with online presence and/or connected to the internet. Although the real estate sector is a potential attack vector for and target of malicious cyber activities, it is an understudied industry. This paper aims to contribute to a better understanding of the information security threats, awareness, and risk management standards currently employed by the real estate sector in South Australia. Design/methodology/approach – The current study comprises both quantitative and qualitative methodologies, which include 20 survey questionnaires and 20 face-to-face interviews conducted in South Australia. Findings – There is a lack of understanding about the true magnitude of malicious cyber activities and its impact on the real estate sector, as illustrated in the findings of 40 real estate organisations in South Australia. The findings and the escalating complexities of the online environment underscore the need for regular ongoing training programs for basic online security (including new cybercrime trends) and the promotion of a culture of information security (e.g. when using smart mobile devices to store and access sensitive data) among staff. Such initiatives will enable staff employed in the (South Australian) real estate sector to maintain the current knowledge of the latest cybercrime activities and the best cyber security protection measures available. Originality/value – This is the first academic study focusing on the real estate organisations in South Australia. The findings will contribute to the evidence on the information security threats faced by the sector as well as in develop sector-specific information security risk management guidelines.
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Westcott, Mark. "Employers and Bargaining Structure: the Case of the Australian Oil Industry." Journal of Industrial Relations 41, no. 4 (December 1999): 575–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002218569904100406.
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In the Australian literature on industrial relations, the dominant explation for the operation of employer associations bas come from the work of David Plowman. In the course of his analysis Plowman came to postulate that, unlike the situation in other industrialised economies, employer associations did little to influence the structure of bargaining in Australia. Plowman's argument has recently been subject to criticism, most notably by Barry, and Sheldon and Thornthwaite. This paper argues, like the recent revisionists, that employers have been instrumental in affecting both the level and the scope of bargaining. Evidence drawn from the activities of companies operating in the Australian oil industry during the period 1950-1980 supports this contention.
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Warren, Clive M. J., and Hera Antoniades. "Deconstructing the glass ceiling: gender equality in the Australian property profession." Property Management 34, no. 1 (February 15, 2016): 29–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pm-09-2015-0049.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to export the role of professional bodies within the property industry in Australia in bringing about gender equality. In particular the policy objectives of the various professional bodies is analysed and contrasted with the level of genres equality demonstrated within the governance structures of the organisations at national and regional level. Design/methodology/approach – The paper analyses the annual reports of the leading property professional bodies in Australia to identify any gender equity policy objectives and to identify the balance between male and female representation in the governing boards of the associations. Findings – The research shows that while a few organisations have made some statements regarding the need for change to a more inclusive property industry these objectives are not reflected within the governance structure of the organisations. It is therefore evident that significant attitudinal and structural change will be required to bring about equality within the property industry. Research limitations/implications – The research is limited to the Australian property and construction industry and the relevant boards at national and state level. Practical implications – The paper highlights the need to address gender inequality at the senior management level within the professional associations that govern the property profession. The professional associations are uniquely placed to show leadership in promoting gender equality and should be adopting policy within the organisations charter to being about a shift in attitudes to women within management roles in the property industry. Social implications – The issue of gender equity is highly topical and this paper adds to the research in this area. It highlights the important role that professional associations could take in bringing about change, but reveals that many professional bodies have a worse gender balance at the governance level than many of their member firms. Originality/value – The paper is the first to analyse the gender mix within the professional bodies in Australia which govern and advise the property and construction industries. As such it reveals that little progress has been made in bringing about gender equality in the profession.
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Isaac, M. "The political economy of water reform feasibility in Australia." Water Supply 3, no. 1-2 (March 1, 2003): 395–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2003.0130.
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Australia is experiencing the most dramatic and comprehensive reform of its water industry, placing it at the leading edge of water management internationally. A key feature of the reforms is the explicit linking of economic and environmental objectives: in that the reforms seek to improve environmental management of the nation’s river systems by increasing efficiency of water use via water markets. However, there is growing evidence to evince that water markets are failing to achieve environmental objectives. This paper uses the insights of economic sociology to analyse this failure, and argues that economic efficiency does not and will not guarantee environmental effectiveness because newly constructed water markets are embedded in existing social processes/industry structures and are permeated by existing power relations. For real environmental benefits to accrue, existing water markets must be seriously restructured. This paper explores the elements of such a restructure and suggests that it is unlikely to succeed without strong state action and coordinated policymaking, institutional reform, adjustment packages, significant community involvement, and the participation of the rural sector. Finally, it proposes that social capital could play a pivotal role in the restructuring of the Australian water industry.
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Goh, Edmund, Sandy Nguyen, and Rob Law. "Marketing private hotel management schools in Australia." Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics 29, no. 4 (September 11, 2017): 880–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/apjml-09-2016-0183.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the perceptions of 46 hotel management students from four leading private hotel management schools (PHMS) in Australia on their decision in choosing a PHMS over a traditional public university. Design/methodology/approach Employing the theory of planned behaviour as a theoretical framework, the qualitative interview data identified ten key attitudes, four reference groups and four perceived difficulties as potential motivators of students deciding to enrol in PHMS. Findings This paper identified reputation of school and industry placement opportunities as key attitudinal items shaping students’ decision-making process. With regards to important social groups, education agents and family were key reference groups. In relation to perceived difficulties, students reported tuition and living costs, and far distance from home as key barriers in their decision to study at PHMS. Research limitations/implications The sample draws upon students from a single state, New South Wales, Australia and this limits the generalisability of the authors’ findings. This study also excluded students from Australian public universities who may hold different perceptions towards studying at a PHMS. Practical implications The findings have important implications for hotel schools to improve their curriculum designs and embed practical hands on the learning experience of their students. Marketing agencies can also use these motivational attributes in developing effective marketing campaigns to increase enrolment figures. Originality/value This framework has proven to be useful in helping marketers understand various underlying motivational factors to attract prospective students to enrol in private hotel management schools.
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Akarsu, E., D. J. Hamilton, and D. C. Tyler. "NORM IN THE OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY— EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT PLAN." APPEA Journal 41, no. 1 (2001): 737. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj00043.
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Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material (NORM) is an inevitable by-product of petroleum exploration and production. It is produced with the reservoir fluids and is typically found in low concentrations, but potentially high volumes. However, Victorian regulations that cover NORM are based on acceptable public exposure to ionising radiation and appear to be formulated around high concentration, low volume sources such as those found in medical procedures.Esso Australia Pty Ltd conducted a comprehensive exposure assessment study to establish limits for NORM. The two-year study was carried out in conjunction with the regulators (Victorian Environment Protection Authority, Department of Human Services, and Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency) and included other key stakeholders like employees and suppliers.This paper provides a discussion of the management plans for, and the results of, assessments undertaken to quantify any potential risk of handling and disposing of NORM material in the environment. The assessments demonstrate that exposure to NORM released into the environment from Bass Strait oil and gas operations does not present a radiological hazard to workers, the general public, or ecological receptors. In fact, it represents less than 1% of Australian and internationally accepted limits for such exposure.
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Valadkhani, Abbas, and Russell Smyth. "The effects of the motor vehicle industry on employment and research innovation in Australia." International Journal of Manpower 37, no. 4 (July 4, 2016): 684–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijm-06-2015-0098.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the likely economy-wide impacts of the complete shutdown of the motor vehicle industry on output and employment in Australia using the latest input-output (IO) table (2009-2010). Design/methodology/approach – Both supply- and demand-driven IO models are employed to determine the extent, and pattern, of the resulting output and job losses in upstream and downstream industries. An analysis of the first-order field of influence is also conducted to observe how output multipliers in other sectors respond to changes in the self-use-input-requirement of the professional, scientific and technical services (PSTS) industry. Findings – The PSTS industry (with a significant research and development (R & D) component and the highest forward linkage index) would be hardest hit with the collapse of the motor vehicle industry. Research limitations/implications – This paper identifies a number of industries that are more likely to be heavily influenced by the resulting lack of R & D in the PSTS industry in the near future. Unless more funding is allocated to other research and technology-intensive industries, the extinction of the motor vehicle industry, coupled with the recent budgetary cuts for strategic organisations such as the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, can reduce the positive spillover effects of R & D activities on the Australian economy. Originality/value – This is the first study to examine the effects of the shutdown of the motor vehicle industry on employment in Australia. The results also have broader implications for other developed countries that have declining motor vehicle industries. The findings suggest that the global decline in the motor vehicle industry can adversely affect investment in R & D in upstream and downstream industries. More generally, the results suggest that the shift in motor vehicle production to developing countries, will contribute to increased R & D intensity in them at the expense of developed countries.
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Azadi, Mehdi, Mansour Edraki, Faezeh Farhang, and Jiwhan Ahn. "Opportunities for Mineral Carbonation in Australia’s Mining Industry." Sustainability 11, no. 5 (February 27, 2019): 1250. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11051250.
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Carbon capture, utilisation and storage (CCUS) via mineral carbonation is an effective method for long-term storage of carbon dioxide and combating climate change. Implemented at a large-scale, it provides a viable solution to harvesting and storing the modern crisis of GHGs emissions. To date, technological and economic barriers have inhibited broad-scale utilisation of mineral carbonation at industrial scales. This paper outlines the mineral carbonation process; discusses drivers and barriers of mineral carbonation deployment in Australian mining; and, finally, proposes a unique approach to commercially viable CCUS within the Australian mining industry by integrating mine waste management with mine site rehabilitation, and leveraging relationships with local coal-fired power station. This paper discusses using alkaline mine and coal-fired power station waste (fly ash, red mud, and ultramafic mine tailings, i.e., nickel, diamond, PGE (platinum group elements), and legacy asbestos mine tailings) as the feedstock for CCUS to produce environmentally benign materials, which can be used in mine reclamation. Geographical proximity of mining operations, mining waste storage facilities and coal-fired power stations in Australia are identified; and possible synergies between them are discussed. This paper demonstrates that large-scale alkaline waste production and mine site reclamation can become integrated to mechanise CCUS. Furthermore, financial liabilities associated with such waste management and site reclamation could overcome many of the current economic setbacks of retrofitting CCUS in the mining industry. An improved approach to commercially viable climate change mitigation strategies available to the mining industry is reviewed in this paper.
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Carpenter, Chris. "JIP Focuses on Equipment Reliability in Subsea Production Systems." Journal of Petroleum Technology 74, no. 08 (August 1, 2022): 58–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/0822-0058-jpt.
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This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper OTC 30219, “SEAR JIP: A Success Story of Collaboration and How To Improve Equipment Reliability on Subsea Production Systems,” by Adriana Botto, Wood; Manish Tomar, Chevron; and Stuart Ferrier, ConocoPhillips, et al. The paper has not been peer reviewed. Copyright 2020 Offshore Technology Conference. Reproduced by permission. The Subsea Equipment Australia Reliability (SEAR) joint industry project (JIP) is a partnership led by Wood with participation from a group of operators including Chevron Australia, ConocoPhillips, Inpex, Santos, Shell Australia, and Woodside. Now delivering Phase 6, the JIP is focused on collaboration and knowledge-sharing to improve the competitiveness of Australia’s oil and gas industry by addressing critical challenges associated with premature subsea-equipment failure. The complete paper provides an overview of the JIP and outlines lessons learned and value created. Background The SEAR JIP was initiated in 2014 with an aim of generating significant cost savings by improving subsea-equipment reliability and design for Australian operations, a goal best achieved through collaboration and knowledge-sharing. A reliability database was developed to collect offshore-operations failure information from SEAR members. The database provides a low-cost/high-value method of capturing lessons learned for subsea-equipment performance in Australia. A complementary test program, Transforming Australian Subsea Equipment Reliability (TASER), is under way to model innovative technologies under variable environments to validate equipment advancements. Phase 6 of the JIP aims to continue populating the reliability database while addressing two major industry challenges: the effect of marine fouling affecting equipment operability, and unwanted gas in subsea controls umbilicals. The outcome of this phase should provide opportunities for standardization, life extension, and development of new technologies. The JIP plans to issue an industry recommended practice in 2022 harnessing the lessons learned. This recommended practice will identify root causes of equipment failure and recommend material selection and mechanical design requirements for different environmental conditions. This will enable an improvement in equipment availability and a reduction in operating expenditures by minimizing offshore intervention to address failed equipment.
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Howat, Gary, Gary Crilley, and Duncan Murray. "Using Performance Measures to Assess Performance of Indoor and Outdoor Aquatic Centres." Journal of Management & Organization 11, no. 1 (January 2005): 6–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1833367200004375.
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ABSTRACTA recent trend throughout Australia has been to develop multi-purpose indoor public aquatic centres in favour of outdoor pools. Such major policy and planning decisions often rely on consultants' feasibility studies, yet there is limited comprehensive industry-wide data available on which to base such decisions. The industry-wide performance measures discussed in this paper help fill this void by providing objective data to support the contention that multi-purpose indoor aquatic centres tend to outperform centres with solely outdoor pools. The key indicators of performance are based on financial viability and community participation data for a sample of Australian public aquatic centres.
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Nadebaum, P., M. Chapman, S. Ortisi, and A. Baker. "Application of quality management systems for drinking water quality." Water Supply 3, no. 1-2 (March 1, 2003): 359–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2003.0125.
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Over the past few years the water authorities in Australia have been applying the principles of quality management and risk management in their provision of drinking water of a safe and acceptable quality. These principles have been taken up by the regulatory authorities, and the Australian water industry is ensuring that drinking water guidelines, customer contracts, licences and auditing (both statutory and quality systems auditing), and appropriate quality management systems, are in place for drinking water quality management. A particular focus of this work has been the application of AS/NZS 4360 (Risk Management) and the principles of Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points developed for the food industry. This paper discusses the important considerations in applying quality management systems to drinking water quality management within water authorities, and the key issues of how best to integrate these risk management systems with the business management systems of the water authority. A generally applicable model for drinking water quality management systems based on ISO 9002 and HACCP is described. The paper also discusses the process of how management systems already in place within a water authority can be assessed and improvements identified. The objective is that the management systems will be consistent with the authority’s existing business management systems, ISO 9001, the principles of HACCP and AS4360, and the expected requirements of the revised Australian Drinking Water Guidelines.
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Khatter, Ajay, Leanne White, Joanne Pyke, and Michael McGrath. "Stakeholders’ Influence on Environmental Sustainability in the Australian Hotel Industry." Sustainability 13, no. 3 (January 28, 2021): 1351. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13031351.
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Hotels are a key element of the tourism industry. Hotels are the most common form of accommodation for tourists and the hotel industry is intricately to tourism. A review of the academic literature indicates that existing research is primarily focused on sustainability in tourism, but very few studies have analysed the environmental dimension of sustainability in hotels in Australia, an important facet of the Australian tourism industry. The paper presents the findings of the influence of stakeholders on environmentally sustainable policies and practices (ESPPs) in the Australian hotel industry. One-on-one interviews were conducted with hotel managers as a representative sample of Australian hotels in Melbourne, Australia. The selected sample for the research comprised managers who manage approximately 60 hotels. The data was collected through in-depth interviews. It was then transcribed, coded, and analysed with NVIVO, a computer-aided qualitative data analysis software program. The sample size ensured representation by different segments of the hotel industry to include international chain-affiliated hotels, Australian chain-affiliated hotels and independent hotels. An analysis of the findings suggests that owners and shareholders are the biggest influencers as their investment takes primary importance. Other key stakeholders such as guests generally play a secondary role in influencing the ESPPs of hotels. ESPPs should lead to well-intentioned initiatives and practices that are undertaken by stakeholders to create drivers for change to contribute to environmental sustainability.
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Abbott, Malcolm. "The Long-Term Regulation of Safety Standards: The Case of the Electricity Industry in Australia and New Zealand." Competition and Regulation in Network Industries 13, no. 4 (December 2012): 312–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/178359171201300401.
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Throughout much of the history of the electricity industry in Australia and New Zealand the industry has been the subject of safety regulations. Although this regulation has been a constant throughout the life of the industry the organizational approach to regulation has changed over the years. Periodically in Australia and New Zealand history these questions have been raised in a political context, although notably the structure of safety regulators does not get much attention in the standard histories of the industry. The purpose of this paper, therefore, is to discuss some of the general issues that have arisen in the reform of regulation in the case of electricity safety over the longer term and how it relates overall to the development of the electricity industry.
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Charters, Steve, Marilyn Clark‐Murphy, Nicole Davis, Alan Brown, and Elizabeth Walker. "An exploration of managerial expertise in the Western Australian wine industry." International Journal of Wine Business Research 20, no. 2 (June 6, 2008): 138–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17511060810883768.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify the key management skills for running a successful winery business, which in the Australian industry is predominately a small to medium sized business, and explores the existence of such skills within the industry.Design/methodology/approachThe information was obtained through structured interviews with a range of winery owners and managers in the four main wine regions of Western Australia.FindingsWhilst a set of universal management skills are identified by the industry participants, these are not universally held. The study examines skills and training issues highlighting the diversity of winery owners and managers.Research limitations/implicationsThe study was conducted using qualitative methodology in one state of Australia only.Practical implicationsThe findings require further quantitative testing, but strongly imply that managerial skills in the wine industry are limited, and most managers are more focused on technical expertise than financial, strategic, marketing or HR planning and management.Originality/valueThe paper has benefit for the wine industry showing the strengths and weaknesses of its managers, and also for theorists who seek to understand management processes in a specific sector predominantly comprising small and medium sized enterprises.
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Chileshe, Nicholas, Raufdeen Rameezdeen, M. Reza Hosseini, Steffen Lehmann, and Chika Udeaja. "Analysis of reverse logistics implementation practices by South Australian construction organisations." International Journal of Operations & Production Management 36, no. 3 (March 7, 2016): 332–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijopm-01-2014-0024.
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Purpose – A large number of benefits have been reported when reverse logistics (RL) is fully implemented in the construction industry. However, RL is yet to become common place in the construction sector, particularly in Australia. The particular sub-sector in which RL operates is small and weak and the remainder of the sector must embrace and accommodate it comfortably. Research is lacking on how to promoting RL in the construction industry. Very little has been done to identify the current practices that have the potential to promote RL industry-wide. The purpose of this paper is to identify the practices that work well in the sector, a strategy could be mapped out to promote RL to all stakeholders. Design/methodology/approach – In order to fill the above gap, the present study used a mixed method approach to gather and evaluate current practices and their potential to promote RL in South Australia’s construction industry. Practices that were identified using a comprehensive literature review were evaluated with a questionnaire survey and series of interviews involving construction professionals. Findings – The findings are that practices facilitating deconstruction is the most important, followed by practices facilitating the use of salvaged materials in new construction to promote RL in South Australia. Awareness of deconstruction benefits, challenges and procedures at the organisation level and facilities and services at industry level were associated with RL implementation. Availability of salvaged materials in the market was found to influence its use in new construction and as a consequence its demand. Designing for reverse logistics is another practice that could facilitate deconstruction and the onus of its promotion lies mainly with the designers. Research limitations/implications – This research was confined to one state in Australia. As such the generalisation to other states and other countries should be treated cautiously. Practical implications – The findings of this study can help inform the industry and its stakeholders on areas that they need to concentrate more on to make the South Australian construction industry a fully RL integrated one. To that end the authors propose some recommendations arising from the findings reported here. Originality/value – This study makes a contribution to the body of knowledge on reserve logistics within a previously unexplored South Australian context. In addition, the study provides valuable insights into the contribution of RL practices to the construction industry.
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Plowman, David H., and Malcolm Rimmer. "The Fruits of Abdication: Australian Multi-employer Award Respondency." Economic and Labour Relations Review 3, no. 1 (June 1992): 153–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/103530469200300110.
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This paper examines the structure of Australian multi-employer awards. It suggests that these awards do not exhibit occupational, industry or representational concentration and thus follow no clear rational principles. The hybrid award system is sub-optimal and can be explained by employer associations' neglect in the formative period of arbitration. Multi-employer awards are in need of reform if Australia is to become and remain internationally competitive.
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Sharp-Paul, Alastair, Alexandra Hare, Alice Turnbull, and Tara Halliday. "2010 environmental update." APPEA Journal 51, no. 1 (2011): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj10012.
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Focusing on Australian projects, this paper provides a summary of the key environmental challenges and developments that arose in 2010 and the industry’s response. The paper considers: developments in legislation and the regulatory environment relating to environmental approvals and management; major project approvals and their environmental requirements and implications; key environmental incidents; and reviews new environmental research and management initiatives that were introduced by the industry. A number of states have introduced changes to the way legislation and regulations are interpreted through changes to guidelines and administrative procedures. There has been a general increase in the standard and level of information that regulators expect proponents to provide and while generally these expectations are documented in guidelines and other documents, in some instances there has been a perceived ‘moving of the goal posts’ without clear guidance on what is expected and how the information will be considered once provided. There has been a number of major projects either commencing or gaining environmental approval in 2010. This includes major projects: in Western Australia, on the North West Shelf and in the Timor Sea/Browse Basin; onshore in Queensland in the coal-seam gas fields and continued exploration and development both onshore and offshore around Australia. One of the most significant approvals in 2010 was the Prelude LNG Project–the first approval in Australia of floating LNG technology. Major environmental incidents in 2009 (Montara in Australia and Macondo in the USA) continued to have repercussions in 2010 with the draft government response to the Report of the Montara Commission of Inquiry released in November. These incidents have put the oil and gas industry under the spotlight and this paper looks at some of the statistics on the frequency and severity of environmental incidents, albeit at a high level. Finally, the industry has continued to implement a number of environmentally related initiatives both in response to government policy and suggestion and independently through groups such as the APPEA environment committee.
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Lansbury, Russell D., Chris F. Wright, and Marian Baird. "Decentralized Bargaining in a Globalizing Industry." Articles 61, no. 1 (October 18, 2006): 70–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/013721ar.
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This paper examines the impact of enterprise bargaining on employment relations practices in the Australia automotive assembly sector in the context of the globalization of the industry. While there has been convergence towards lean production principles among the four auto assemblers, arising from global trends, there has also been divergence resulting from enterprise bargaining, among other variables. Strong similarities are apparent between the companies in areas such as work organization, skill formation and enterprise governance, whereas there are differences in remuneration and staffing practices. However, it remains to be seen whether decentralized bargaining will continue to yield greater differentiation in employment relations among the automotive manufacturers in an increasingly globalized industry.
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Tham, Yeut Hong, Nigar Sultana, Harjinder Singh, and Ross Taplin. "Busy boards and earnings management – an Australian perspective." Asian Review of Accounting 27, no. 3 (October 18, 2019): 464–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ara-08-2018-0149.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess whether multiple directorships have an influence on earnings management for Australian publicly listed firms. This paper attempts to determine whether boards with multiple directorships are effective monitors and are able to constrain earnings management activities. Design/methodology/approach The study adopts resource dependency theory on the relationship between multiple directorships and the extent of earnings management. Data analysis is based on publicly listed firms on Australian Stock Exchange utilising SIRCA database with a final pooled sample of 1,815 firm-year observations from 2008 to 2012. Findings Using different measures of multiple directorships, it is found that firms having board of directors with multiple directorships exhibit lower levels of earnings management. The results validate the applicability of resource dependency theory on the relationship between multiple directorships and the extent of earnings management suggesting that directors with multiple board seats by sharing experiences, skills, information and other resources limit the extent of earnings management by firms. Evidence also suggests that earnings management behaviour is more pronounced in larger firms compared to smaller firms and as predicted, industry audit specialists restrain earnings management activities. Practical implications This study introduces methodological enhancements to the literature as it measures the multiple directorships in a number of different ways. Firms may be encouraged to actively seek board members with diverse backgrounds, international exposure/experience and pertinent skill-sets with multiple board memberships. These benefits will assist firms to determine the optimal board composition that will enable it to function effectively. Originality/value Empirical studies on the association between multiple directorships and earnings management in Australia are scarce and this paper provides an update of the effect of multiple directorships on earnings quality in Australia.
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Denny-Smith, George, and Martin Loosemore. "Integrating Indigenous enterprises into the Australian construction industry." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 24, no. 5 (September 18, 2017): 788–808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-01-2016-0001.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the barriers to entry for Indigenous businesses into the Australian construction industry. Design/methodology/approach A national survey was conducted with 33 Indigenous businesses operating in the Australian construction industry. Findings The findings show that Indigenous enterprises face similar challenges to many small non-Indigenous enterprises wishing to enter the industry. These include adjusting to unique construction industry cultures and practices, breaking into existing business networks and building social capital and being under-cut by industry incumbents and competitors when tendering for projects. These barriers are similar to those faced by other non-Indigenous social enterprises, although Indigenous enterprises do appear to experience relatively greater difficulty in starting-up their businesses and in securing sufficient capital, finance and assistance to enable them to scale-up and tender for normal work packages at a competitive price. Research limitations/implications The results are limited to Australian Indigenous businesses. The survey does not allow a comparison of non-Indigenous and Indigenous businesses, although comparison of results with existing non-Indigenous research into small to medium-sized firms in construction does allow some tentative insights. These need to be explored further. Practical implications These results indicate that there are significant barriers to be addressed within the Australian construction industry if government indigenous procurement policies are to achieve their stated aims of increasing the number of Indigenous firms in the industry. The results also have important implications for Indigenous businesses and for non-Indigenous firms operating in the Australian construction industry. Social implications This is an important gap in knowledge to address if countries like Australia are to redress the significant inequalities in income and health suffered by Indigenous populations. Originality/value In countries like Australia, with significant Indigenous populations, governments are seeking to address persistent disadvantage by using new social procurement initiatives to create quasi construction markets for Indigenous enterprises to participate in the construction industry. While there is an emerging body of research into the barriers facing mainstream small to medium-sized enterprises and, to a lesser extent, social enterprises in construction, the barriers to entry facing Indigenous construction enterprises have been largely ignored.
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Detsimas, Nicole, Vaughan Coffey, Zabihullah Sadiqi, and Mei Li. "Workplace training and generic and technical skill development in the Australian construction industry." Journal of Management Development 35, no. 4 (May 9, 2016): 486–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmd-05-2015-0073.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the current skills gap in both generic and skill areas within the construction industry in Queensland, Australia. Design/methodology/approach – An internet-based survey was administered to collect the opinions of construction employees about the workplace-training environment and their perceptions towards training. The survey intended to address the following research questions, specifically in relation to the construction industry. Findings – The survey results reveal that whilst overall participation in workplace training is high, the current workplace training environments do not foster balanced skill development. The study reveals that in the current absence of a formal and well-balanced training mechanism, construction workers generally resort to their own informal self-development initiatives to develop the needed role-specific theoretical knowledge. Research limitations/implications – The findings of the research are based on the data primarily collected in the construction industry in Queensland, Australia. The data are limited to a single Tier 2 construction company. Practical implications – The findings of this study can be utilised to suggest improvements in the current (or develop new) workplace training initiatives. Social implications – The research suggests that workplace training has positive relationship with career growth. The results suggest that in the construction industry, employees are generally well aware of the importance of workplace training in their career development and they largely appreciate training as being a critical factor for developing their capacity to perform their roles successfully, and to maintain their employability. Originality/value – This paper is unique as it investigates the current skills gap in both generic and skill areas within the construction industry in Queensland, Australia. So far no work has been undertaken to identify and discusses the main method of workplace learning within the Tier 2 industry in the context of Queensland Australia.
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Doupé, Rob, and Harry Recher. "Gene pool management of hatchery Barramundi Lates calcarifer for production and stock augmentation programmes." Pacific Conservation Biology 5, no. 1 (1999): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc990073.
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The depletion of Australia's wild Barramundi Lates calcarifer fishery pre-empts two future roles for Barramundi aquaculture in Australia: first, the industry is primarily intended to supply meat upon a sustained basis; and second, it will probably serve as the predominant source of genetic material for the augmentation of those wild populations that have been depleted, and in that sense the process becomes somewhat circular and interdependent. This paper considers this relationship in the context of captive gene pool management and suggests an alternative method of conserving Barramundi genetic resources to be used to provide genetically "compatible" stocks for the two activities in conjunction with genetic improvement for commercial operations.
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Shokri-Ghasabeh, Morteza, and Nicholas Chileshe. "Knowledge management." Construction Innovation 14, no. 1 (January 6, 2014): 108–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ci-06-2013-0026.
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Purpose – A research study has been undertaken at the University of South Australia to introduce application of lessons learned process in construction contractors ' bidding process in the context of knowledge management. The study aims to identify barriers to effectively capture lessons learned in Australian construction industry and how knowledge management can benefit from lessons learned application. Design/methodology/approach – The research study has been undertaken through conducting a “methodological triangulation” and “interdisciplinary triangulation”. This involved an extensive literature review of knowledge management, organisation learning, lessons learned and associated processes and administration of a questionnaire to a sample of construction contractors operating in Australia to elicit opinions on the main barriers to capturing lessons learned, practices such as existence and retention of documentation procedures. A total of 81 useable responses were received from 450 organisations. Response data were subjected to descriptive and inferential statistics with correlation analysis to examine the strength of relationship among the barriers. Findings – The top-3 barriers to the effective capturing of lessons learned were “lack of employee time”, “lack of resources” and “lack of clear guidelines”, whereas, “lack of management support” was the least ranked barrier. The study established that despite the majority of the ACCs having formal procedures for recording the tenders submitted and their outcomes, only a minority actually retained the lessons learned documentation for each project. The larger contractors were found to be more aware of the importance of lessons learned documentation. A comparative analysis with previous studies also found a disparity in the ranking of the barriers. Research limitations/implications – The majority of the participants were small construction contractors in Australia. The reason is that the researchers were not aware of the contractors ' size prior to inviting them for participation in the research study. Second the findings may not generalize to other industries or to organisations operating in other countries. Originality/value – The findings of this survey help ACCs to understand the importance of lessons learned documentation as part of lessons learned implementation and identify the barriers to effectively document their lessons learned. The study provides insights on the barriers and proposes advocated solutions in form of drivers and enablers (critical success factors) of organisational learning capturing among the Australian construction contractors. By reviewing the current literature, “post-project reviews” and “lessons learned” as important elements of organisation learning knowledge transfer, are addressed. Finally, contribution of this study to knowledge and practice has been discussed in this paper.
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Burkitt, Lucy L. "A review of nitrogen losses due to leaching and surface runoff under intensive pasture management in Australia." Soil Research 52, no. 7 (2014): 621. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr13351.
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This paper reviews the literature on nitrate leaching and nitrogen (N) runoff under intensive dairy pasture systems in Australia and draws comparisons with research undertaken under similar climates and farming systems internationally, with the aim to inform future research in this area. An Australian nitrate-leaching study suggests that annual nitrate-leaching loads are lower (3.7–14.5 kg N ha–1 year–1 for nil N and 6–22 kg N ha–1 year–1 for 200 kg N ha–1 applied) than the range previously measured and modelled on New Zealand dairy farms (~18–110 kg N ha–1 year–1). It is likely that nitrate-leaching rates are higher in New Zealand because of the prevalence of free-draining soils and higher average stocking rates. However, this review highlights that there are insufficient Australian nitrate-leaching data, particularly following urine application, to undertake a rigorous comparison. Median N surpluses on Australian dairy farms are higher (198 kg N ha–1) than values for an average New Zealand farm (135 kg N ha–1). Given the facts that many soils used for intensive pasture production in Australia are lightly textured or free-draining clay loams receiving average rainfall of >800 mm year–1, that herd sizes have risen in the last 10 years and that water quality is a concern in some dairy catchments, nitrate leaching could be an issue for the Australian dairy industry. Australian data on surface runoff of N are more available, despite its overall contribution to N losses being low (generally <5 kg N ha–1 year–1), except under border-check flood irrigation or hump-and-hollow surface drainage (3–23 kg N ha–1 year–1). More research is needed to quantify surface N runoff and leaching following effluent application and to examine dissolved organic forms of N loss, particularly in view of the continued intensification of the Australian dairy industry.
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Vere, D. T., P. M. Dowling, R. E. Jones, and D. R. Kemp. "Economic impact of Vulpia in temperate pasture systems in south-eastern Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 42, no. 4 (2002): 465. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea01100.
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An increasing incidence of annual grasses is considered to be a primary cause of decline in the productivity of Australia's temperate pasture systems. In particular, Vulpia (silver grass) comprises a significant proportion of the biomass of many temperate pastures and can seriously affect livestock productivity. The main economic effects of Vulpia include reducing pasture carrying capacities, contaminating produce and competing with more desirable pasture species. This paper presents the results of an economic evaluation of the costs of Vulpia and the long-term benefits of improving Vulpia management in the high-rainfall areas of south-eastern Australia. The evaluation used an integrated economic modelling system that determined the grazing system and livestock industry impacts of Vulpia and translated these into measures of economic welfare change that enabled the benefit-cost analysis of various levels of Vulpia management to be undertaken. With a focus on wool, the analysis established the high annual costs of Vulpia to wool producers and consumers, together with substantial long-term economic benefits that could potentially result from reducing the incidence of Vulpia in pastures. Total annual costs to the wool industry in the temperate pasture zone of New South Wales and Victoria ranged between A$7 and $30 million, while the potential discounted net benefits to the Australian and international wool industries were between $32 and $287�million over a 15-year period at a real discount rate of 5%. These estimates provide a strong economic basis for promoting improved management strategies for reducing Vulpia incidence in pastures.
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Berríos, Rodrigo, and Rodrigo Saens. "The country-brand in the wine industry: how important is variety specialization?" Academia Revista Latinoamericana de Administración 28, no. 4 (November 2, 2015): 484–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/arla-12-2014-0230.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze whether or not the reputation of a region/country in the international wine market depends on a region/country’s efforts to specialize in a specific grape variety. Design/methodology/approach Data on 19,959 bottles of wine corresponding to six vintages across ten wine producing regions worldwide are used to estimate a hedonic price model that measures consumer valuations of the different wine attributes. Findings The results of this study show that although variety specialization has successfully underpinned the reputation of some New World regions, such as the Napa Valley (with its Cabernet Sauvignon) or Oregon (with its Pinot Noir); in others, such as Australia (with its Shiraz), this has not been successful. Practical implications Over the last ten years, the exponential growth of Australian bulk wine exports has seriously harmed the reputation of Australian wine. With respect to the Napa Valley wines, price discount received by Australian wines increases between the 1997 and 2007 vintage from 33 to 61 percent. Thus, in order to successfully build a collective reputation of an entrant (New World) country, an institutional framework that mediates differences of interest between the large and small vineyards and, above all, that regulates the free-rider problem in the wine market is required. Originality/value This paper empirically illustrates how cooperative (and non-cooperative) behavior between firms can help to build (and to destroy) collective reputation of wines that come from the same region or country.
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Banimahd, Meysam, Steve Tyler, Matthew Kuo, and Fiona Chow. "Earthquake risk management for oil and gas infrastructure in the north west of Australia." APPEA Journal 60, no. 2 (2020): 588. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj19213.
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The July 2019 magnitude 6.6 earthquake 200 km offshore from Broome is a recent reminder of the significant risk that earthquakes pose to oil and gas infrastructure in Australia. Unlike tropical cyclones, there are no reliable methods for predicting the timing, location and magnitude of imminent earthquakes. Appropriate risk management is therefore required, together with the implementation of emergency response and integrity management procedures, to manage the potential impacts to health, safety, process safety, the environment and production. Given the concentration of oil and gas infrastructure in the north west of Australia, a collaborative approach is advantageous for earthquake risk management and emergency response measures. This paper shares Woodside’s earthquake risk and integrity management procedures with the aim of enabling appropriate quality and consistency throughout the industry. The paper reviews state-of-the-art international practice in earthquake risk management for critical infrastructure from design to operation. Applicable seismic design criteria, likely failure modes and performance requirements are also described. Woodside’s real-time earthquake alert and integrity management systems are presented. Recommendations are made on best practice for earthquake risk management in the region and areas for further collaboration and improvement within the industry.
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Dunston-Clarke, Emma, Renee S. Willis, Patricia A. Fleming, Anne L. Barnes, David W. Miller, and Teresa Collins. "Developing an Animal Welfare Assessment Protocol for Livestock Transported by Sea." Animals 10, no. 4 (April 17, 2020): 705. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10040705.
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Australian livestock industries face increased scrutiny from animal welfare groups and society, and the long-distance transport of livestock by sea has recently gained particular attention. Other than non-compliance with broad regulatory standards and voyage mortality rates, there is minimal information to ascertain the welfare of exported livestock. There is currently no standardised, validated animal welfare assessment protocol for livestock on-farm prior to live export or when undergoing transport. This study describes a novel assessment protocol suitable for use on live feeder and slaughter animals exported by sea from Australia. Health and welfare indicators for use in the livestock export supply chain were identified by reviewing three internationally recognised animal welfare assessment protocols for livestock; Welfare Quality®, AWIN and AssureWel, as well as consulting with industry compliance standards and guidelines. This paper proposes a welfare protocol designed to assess sheep and beef cattle exported by sea from Australia, and incorporates environmental-, resource-, management- and animal-based measures. In collaboration with industry, this welfare protocol can be tested on commercial livestock consignments, and be used for ongoing management, for increased transparency and to provide feedback to operators for continuous improvement.
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Cobon, David H., Grant S. Stone, John O. Carter, Joe C. Scanlan, Nathan R. Toombs, Xike Zhang, Jacqui Willcocks, and Greg M. McKeon. "The climate change risk management matrix for the grazing industry of northern Australia." Rangeland Journal 31, no. 1 (2009): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj08069.
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The complexity, variability and vastness of the northern Australian rangelands make it difficult to assess the risks associated with climate change. In this paper we present a methodology to help industry and primary producers assess risks associated with climate change and to assess the effectiveness of adaptation options in managing those risks. Our assessment involved three steps. Initially, the impacts and adaptation responses were documented in matrices by ‘experts’ (rangeland and climate scientists). Then, a modified risk management framework was used to develop risk management matrices that identified important impacts, areas of greatest vulnerability (combination of potential impact and adaptive capacity) and priority areas for action at the industry level. The process was easy to implement and useful for arranging and analysing large amounts of information (both complex and interacting). Lastly, regional extension officers (after minimal ‘climate literacy’ training) could build on existing knowledge provided here and implement the risk management process in workshops with rangeland land managers. Their participation is likely to identify relevant and robust adaptive responses that are most likely to be included in regional and property management decisions. The process developed here for the grazing industry could be modified and used in other industries and sectors. By 2030, some areas of northern Australia will experience more droughts and lower summer rainfall. This poses a serious threat to the rangelands. Although the impacts and adaptive responses will vary between ecological and geographic systems, climate change is expected to have noticeable detrimental effects: reduced pasture growth and surface water availability; increased competition from woody vegetation; decreased production per head (beef and wool) and gross margin; and adverse impacts on biodiversity. Further research and development is needed to identify the most vulnerable regions, and to inform policy in time to facilitate transitional change and enable land managers to implement those changes.
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Dale, Allan P. "From conflict to collaboration: can better governance systems facilitate the sustainable development of the northern pastoral industry, communities and landscapes?" Rangeland Journal 40, no. 4 (2018): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj18010.
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The past decade has seen several high profile national policy conflicts related to sustainable development beset the northern Australian pastoral industry. Examples include the live cattle export ban, tree clearing legislation in Queensland and significant pastoral sector concerns about exploration and development of coal and gas reserves across the north. Although these are very legitimate cross-societal debates, the high levels of conflict associated with them impact on the willingness of corporate, family and Indigenous farming enterprises in northern Australia to invest in development. They also affect the willingness and capacities of pastoralists to cooperate with governments in various approaches to change management in northern landscapes. In the pursuit of a better pathway that might resolve policy problems while also delivering industry benefit, this paper analyses several high-profile industry and landscape scale conflicts from recent years, teasing out the key features of governance system dysfunction. At the same time, I also look at positive governance developments emerging in related contexts. Drawing on this analysis, I suggest the current system of governance affecting the northern Australian pastoral industry might have much to learn from the application of more evidence rich and engaging systems of co-management. I suggest that moving in this direction, however, would require Australian, state and Northern Territory (NT) governments to genuinely partner the industry, Traditional Owners and other key sectoral interests, leading to long-term vision building, strategy development and delivery partnerships that benefit industry and communities while resolving wider societal concerns.
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Burdett, Jane, and Sandy Barker. "University students in the workplace strategies for successful industry placement experiences." Development and Learning in Organizations: An International Journal 31, no. 1 (January 3, 2017): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dlo-11-2015-0090.
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Purpose Increasing numbers of university students in USA, UK and Australia are undertaking industry placements to gain workplace experience. However, outcomes are not always as expected. This paper aims to identify challenges for universities and host organizations in delivering quality student industry placement and presents strategies to achieve successful learning outcomes. Design/methodology/approach The reflections, evaluation and feedback data received from stakeholders, namely, university students, host organizations and faculty mentors in a large Australian university were used to formulate strategies. Findings Lessons learned from the authors’ experience in industry placement programs over 5 years with 180 students in 127 organizations indicate that careful planning and management of placements is needed to achieve successful learning outcomes. Research limitations/implications Further research into the application of these strategies in other universities would be valuable. Practical implications Lessons learned and recommendations offered provide strategies to assist in planning and management of industry placements. Originality/value Given the growing popularity of work experience in university programs, this should be of interest to faculty and organizations.
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Lewis, David. "Taxation aspects of climate change management measures." APPEA Journal 50, no. 1 (2010): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj09015.
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Climate change is undoubtedly one of the greatest economic, social, and environmental challenges now facing the world. The present Australian Government is committed to acting on climate change and Australia’s progress towards its emissions reduction targets is being closely watched internationally. To contribute effectively to global climate change action, Australia must demonstrate its ability to implement robust and sustainable domestic emissions management legislation. The Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme (CPRS), modelled after the cap-and-trade system, continues to be debated by our policymakers, as the Government moves to re-introduce its preferred CPRS legislative package for the third time. The advent of climate change legislation is inevitable and its impact will be far-reaching. This paper reviews the fiscal aspects of the proposed CPRS legislation in the context of the oil and gas industry, and whether it is conducive to creating incentives for appropriate climate change response by the industry. In particular, this paper will consider: the direct and indirect tax features specifically covered in the proposed CPRS legislation and their implications; the areas of taxation that remain uncanvassed in the proposed CPRS legislation and aspects requiring clarification from the tax administration; the interaction between Petroleum Resource Rent Tax (PRRT) and the CPRS measures; the flow-on impacts to taxation outcomes resulting from proposed accounting and financial reporting responses to the CPRS legislation; the income tax and PRRT treatment of selected abatement measures; and, elements of a good CPRS tax strategy and compliance action plan.
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Fisher, Phil, and David Sless. "Information design methods and productivity in the insurance industry." Information Design Journal 6, no. 2 (January 1, 1990): 103–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/idj.6.2.01fis.
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This paper discusses the management and execution of an information design project, undertaken in Australia, for a large insurance company. The project provided the opportunity to use well developed principles of information design, project planning and management, and methods for dealing with organisational politics - a ubiquitous feature of all information design. The paper gives an account of a technique for measuring errors and their cost, practical iterative testing methods, and user consultation processes which can be applied to design decision making. The results of the project, particularlythe significant reduction in errors and processing costs, illustrates the importance of the human interface in improving productivity, and the dangers of thinking about information system design simply in terms of hardware and software.
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Dullard, Stuart, and Kim Hawtrey. "Disciplinary Corporate Takeovers: Evidence for Australia." Review of Pacific Basin Financial Markets and Policies 15, no. 03 (September 2012): 1250018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021909151250018x.
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This paper tests the relationship between takeovers and poor management performance, known as the market discipline hypothesis. We create a proprietary new Australian dataset for this study by individually researching company reports for executive retention data. We assess takeover targets for pre-bid managerial inefficiency and find evidence that Australian target companies exhibit negative abnormal returns prior to takeover. In particular, we find that disciplinary targets underperform their non-disciplinary counterparts. Our tests take into account the difference between friendly and hostile takeovers, and the industry sector in which the target firm operates.
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Deery, Stephen J., and Andrea Mahony. "Temporal Flexibility: Management Strategies and Employee Preferences in the Retail Industry." Journal of Industrial Relations 36, no. 3 (September 1994): 332–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002218569403600302.
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The introduction of more flexible working time arrangements has become an important managerial objective in Australia. This is particularly the case in the retail services sector where management has sought to obtain greater freedom to match staffing levels more closely to fluctuations in the volume of customer demand. Such arrangements may not, however, be in accordance with employee preferences. The aim of this paper is to examine the issue of temporal flexibility by looking at the employment policies of a large retailing firm as well as the attitudes of its employees to the introduction of flexible working hours. Contradictions are identified in the company's labour utilization strategy, which have attendant costs for both the employees and the organization.
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Schofield, Lisa. "2018 offshore petroleum exploration acreage release." APPEA Journal 58, no. 2 (2018): 465. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj17103.
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The Australian Government’s 2018 offshore petroleum exploration acreage release was announced by the Commonwealth Minister for Resources and Northern Australia, Senator the Hon Matthew Canavan at the 2018 APPEA conference. This paper provides insights into the processes that the Australian Government has undertaken to select the final release areas and goes into detail on the ongoing petroleum related activities of the Department of Industry, Innovation and Science (the Department). The annual acreage release is a central component of ensuring ongoing, sustainable and responsible investment in Australia’s offshore petroleum sector. The annual acreage release remains the primary mechanism for securing investment in offshore oil and gas exploration in areas of known petroleum potential and new geological frontiers. Continued exploration for oil and gas in Commonwealth waters is a central component of ensuring Australia’s future energy security. Australia’s well established and independent environmental regulator, NOPSEMA (the National Offshore Petroleum Safety and Environmental Management Authority), ensures all petroleum activities in Commonwealth waters are performed safely and in an environmentally responsible manner. Combined with NOPTA’s (National Offshore Petroleum Titles Administrator) leading practice titles administration, Australia remains an attractive investment destination while offering industry leading environmental protections and ensuring safe working conditions industry-wide. Australia offers investors access to data, secure tenure, a stable economic environment and a well-established transparent regulatory system for offshore petroleum activities. A key driver for sustainable activity in Australia is the acceptance of multiple use access to Australia’s marine resources. Recognising this, the department consults with a range of stakeholders on the areas it proposes to release for petroleum exploration. This consultation process provides an opportunity for all interested parties to provide comments and feedback on the areas proposed and in particular highlight how interested parties or the areas might be impacted by exploration activities. The 21 areas in the 2018 offshore petroleum exploration acreage release are located in the offshore areas of Western Australia, South Australia, Victoria and the Ashmore-Cartier Islands. These areas will enable the next wave of investment in the Australian resources sector, and the prospect of new oil, gas and condensate production.
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Christ, Katherine Leanne, Roger Burritt, and Mohsen Varsei. "Towards environmental management accounting for trade-offs." Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal 7, no. 3 (September 5, 2016): 428–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sampj-12-2015-0112.
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Purpose Environmental Management Accounting (EMA) information has become synonymous with win-win decision settings, but this paper aims to consider how EMA support can be extended to company managers who face the dynamics of win-wins and trade-offs. Design/methodology/approach Based on extant literature, the paper suggests an important extension of the use of EMA in support of management decision-making. The need for extended consideration and use of EMA to help overcome trade-offs is illustrated using the case of a wine bottling plant location decision by an Australian company in a global supply chain transporting wine from Australia to North America and Europe. Findings Results confirm the need to add to the broader use of EMA to assist managers attempting to solve real world trade-off problems between economic performance, carbon equivalent emissions reduction and water risk reduction. Research limitations/implications Generalisation of the single wine company case illustration to other companies and similar industry settings remains to be investigated. Practical implications Trade-offs are considered between economic benefit and two environmental performance matters of concern to the company, carbon equivalent emissions reduction and water risk reduction. Originality/value The paper introduces the notion of extending the use of EMA as a pragmatic way for managers to assess trade-off situations with environmental alternatives where no optimal solution is available. Value is added through the real case study of an Australian wine company.
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Rahmani, Farshid, Tayyab Maqsood, and Malik Khalfan. "An overview of construction procurement methods in Australia." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 24, no. 4 (July 17, 2017): 593–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-03-2016-0058.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to review the use of various construction procurement systems in the past and present, specifically within the Australian construction industry and to overview the historical development of procurement both globally and in the Australian context through the existing literature. Design/methodology/approach The paper is an in-depth literature review of various construction procurement systems used in the past and present, both in general and within the context of Australian construction industry. Findings The findings suggest that even though relationship-based procurement (RBP) systems offer significant benefits to all project participants, they are unproved by many decision makers because of lack of robust theoretical concept and inability in demonstrating value for money (VfM) for public projects, which would be one of the factors causing move away from RBP in the future. Originality/value This review is one of its kind. There is no such review done before within the context of Australian construction industry in such a detail. This review is a part of a recently completed PhD study.
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Kvasnicka, J. "THE TOTAL MANAGEMENT OF NORM IN THE OFFSHORE PETROLEUM INDUSTRY." APPEA Journal 38, no. 2 (1998): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj97087.
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Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORMs) in the offshore petroleum industry are generally associated with the formation of scale in pipes and vessels. As scale and sludge contain radioactive isotopes of radium they are in the category of Low Specific Activity (LSA) NORMs. Handling of NORMs creates issues involving occupational health and safety, environmental protection and radioactive waste management and waste disposal. Barium(Radium)Sulfate scale is highly insoluble and can create serious production problems by clogging pipes and valves.The paper discusses the external gamma radiation monitoring at the external surfaces of well and oil production pipes which assists in establishing the scale thickness patterns in pipes and in identifying the optimum location of a scale inhibitor injection point.To minimise radiation doses received by workers special NORM handling Work Procedures and Instructions supported by radiation protection training need to be developed. If facility personnel are trained in radiation protection and Work Procedures and Instructions are adopted it is possible to effectively manage personal radiation exposures below the public limit of 1 millisievert per year. Under such conditions no personal radiation monitoring during routine operations is required and the assessment of routine annual external radiation doses may be carried out through yearly external gamma radiation surveys of of fshore petroleum production facilities.The NORM waste cannot be disposed of onshore within the same disposal sites used for general non-radioactive waste. In Australia only the NORM waste generated in Western Australia can be disposed of onshore in an official low level radioactive waste disposal facility. It is important that Governments of other States and Territories address the onshore NORM waste disposal option. Regulations should also address a screening method for scrap metal contaminated by NORMs to be released for smelting.
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Langston, Craig, and Weiwei Zhang. "DfMA: Towards an Integrated Strategy for a More Productive and Sustainable Construction Industry in Australia." Sustainability 13, no. 16 (August 17, 2021): 9219. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13169219.
Full textAbstract:
Design for manufacture and assembly (DfMA) is an important part of the future of the construction industry due to the promise of speed of project delivery, quality control, worker safety, and waste minimization onsite via the purposeful design for manufacture and assembly offsite. However, the adoption of DfMA in Australia has been slow. This paper investigates the barriers prohibiting widespread uptake and how digital construction will be a catalyst for improving use on commercial-scale projects. A total of six leading experts were interviewed to elicit their opinions, and seven recent case studies of high-rise modular apartment and hotel buildings constructed by Hickory were cross-referenced as evidence of DfMA capability. The experts suggested that the reasons for slow adoption in Australia were community mindset, government regulations and incentives, planning and building codes, unionization and business politics, finance, and supply chain management. The case studies suggest that compatible building type and transportation distance are also factors. These barriers can be addressed by the clever integration of building information modelling tools with lean construction processes as part of a proposed strategy leading to smarter (more productive) and better (more sustainable) outcomes predicated on growth in digital construction practices. The paper concludes with a proposed framework for change that conceptualizes the ‘ecosystem’ needed to support widespread DfMA in the Australian context, including the paradigm shift from building to manufacturing/assembly, the displacement of workers from onsite to offsite activity, and the expansion of interdisciplinary design and construct collaboration.
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Gray, Alasdair, and Chris Wilson. "Industry-wide learnings from the independent review of Australia’s most complex decommissioning program." APPEA Journal 62, no. 2 (May 13, 2022): S268—S273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj21163.
Full textAbstract:
In 2019, the Minister for Resources and Northern Australia issued a Statement of Expectations to the National Offshore Petroleum and Safety Environmental Management Authority (NOPSEMA) establishing heightened expectations for duty holder compliance with their decommissioning obligations. In response, NOPSEMA increased compliance monitoring and enforcement activities to assess adequacy of the level of decommissioning planning and implementation by duty holders. On 20 May 2021, NOPSEMA issued a general direction to Esso Australia relating to their Bass Strait decommissioning program, likely one of Australia’s most significant and complex decommissioning projects. The direction included a requirement to undertake an independent review of Esso’s engineering and project management approach and consider if there were opportunities for reducing the timeframe to commence and subsequently complete all necessary decommissioning activities. This review was subsequently awarded to Xodus, in partnership with Labrador and focussed on core disciplines such as project management, regulatory approvals, stakeholder engagement, well plugging and abandonment, contracting, topsides and subsea facilities and waste management. Australia is at a pivotal stage in the context of decommissioning oil and gas infrastructure. With heightened regulatory oversight alongside recent and continuing changes to legislation, ensuring supply chain is ready to deliver against this backdrop will be critical to the future success of regional decommissioning and ensure all parties bearing the cost of this work are satisfied. This paper will discuss the independent review process of Esso’s decommissioning program and outline key challenges and opportunities the industry faces in realising improved decommissioning efficiency in the region.
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Parker, Rachel, and Louise Tamaschke. "Explaining Regional Departures from National Patterns of Industry Specialization: Regional Institutions, Policies and State Coordination." Organization Studies 26, no. 12 (December 2005): 1787–807. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0170840605059157.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the paper is to identify the basis of regional competence in industry sectors that are not key performers at the national level. The paper examines the ICT sector in two regions: Dresden (Germany) and Adelaide (Australia). The performance of Australia and Germany in ICT is not high by OECD standards. However, both Dresden and Adelaide have some competence in parts of the ICT sector that departs from national patterns. In Dresden the development of the ICT sector is more advanced than in Adelaide. In both regions, there are distinctive institutional features and policies that explain the development of the ICT sector. Further, in Dresden, the state has coordinated the ICT sector within the regional space, giving focus to institutional strengths in research and training, such that it is possible to describe the institutional environment as ‘thick and coherent’. As such, the regional space of Dresden has experienced an agglomeration of ICT and can be regarded as more successful than Adelaide, where institutions and state initiatives are fragmented and incoherent.
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Saraceni, Pat, and Keely Liddle. "Decommissioning – What's the fuss about?" APPEA Journal 58, no. 2 (2018): 748. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj17223.
Full textAbstract:
Offshore decommissioning is complex, challenging (both legally and operationally) and costly. With the rise in the number of fields approaching end of life (or economic viability), the interest in decommissioning in and around Australian waters is set to increase in the near to medium future. The lack of established federal laws regulating all aspects of decommissioning opens the door for Australia to show innovative leadership in how best to tackle end of life asset management in the oil and gas sector. Australia’s learning in this area will be aided by the laws of jurisdictions that are better-versed and more experienced in offshore decommissioning, such as the United Kingdom, the United States and Norway. This paper will explore Australia’s current legal framework and the issues faced by Australia in this area. While clear policies and regulations are essential, this does not equate to a single rigid approach. A flexible (but consistent) approach is the ideal. By considering how international regulatory regimes for decommissioning may be adapted to Australia, the paper will propose actions regulators and participants in the industry can take now to prepare for and ride (rather than drown in) the decommissioning wave.
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Shi, Tian, and Wayne Meyer. "Moving towards a policy proactive irrigation sector: some Australian experiences." Water Policy 11, no. 6 (October 1, 2009): 763–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2009.300.
Full textAbstract:
As a complex process, water resource management is characterised by the interactions among policy makers, stakeholders, implementers, and socio-political environments. In response, it requires designing suitable policies and managing their implementation. It also requires the irrigation sector to change its habitual behaviour to accommodate increasing environmental and community concerns and new government policies. Policy makers and irrigation practitioners are being called upon to learn from the past, and make trade-offs between the economic, social and environmental effects of water use. To build up the capacity of the Australian water industry in dealing with water management problems in the future, this paper analyses the interactions between water policy and irrigation practice in Australia, and outlines the synthesis of some findings from the reform experiences of selected countries. The insights drawn from this study will facilitate the irrigation sector to be more proactive to intended policy changes that aimed at achieving the sustainable development of industry, community and the environment.