Academic literature on the topic 'Paper industry Australia'
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Journal articles on the topic "Paper industry Australia"
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Sonnenfeld, David A. "The Ghost of Wesley Vale: Environmentalists' Influence on Innovation in Australia's Pulp and Paper Industry." Competition & Change 1, no. 4 (December 1996): 379–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102452949600100403.
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This paper analyzes how a key conflict in Australia's pulp and paper industry became generalized to other sites through environmental action, government regulation, and industry initiative. From 1987–91, Australians debated construction of a new, world-class, export-oriented pulp mill in Tasmania. Rural residents, fishermen, and environmentalists, allied with the Australian Labor Party, succeeded in scuttling the project. Subsequently, the national government launched a major research program, state governments tightened regulations, and industry reduced elemental chlorine use. Any new mills constructed in Australia today would be among the cleanest in the world. This paper is part of a larger, comparative study of technological innovation in the pulp and paper industries of Australia, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand. The author interviewed industry officials, government regulators, research scientists, and environmentalists; visited pulp and paper mills; attended technical conferences; and conducted archival work in these countries during a 12-month period.
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John Gleeson, Damian. "Public relations education in Australia, 1950-1975." Journal of Communication Management 18, no. 2 (April 29, 2014): 193–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcom-11-2012-0091.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the foundation and development of public relations education (PRE) in Australia between 1950 and 1975. Design/methodology/approach – This paper utilises Australian-held primary and official industry association material to present a detailed and revisionist history of PR education in Australia in its foundation decades. Findings – This paper, which locates Australia's first PRE initiatives in Sydney, Melbourne and Adelaide in the 1960s, contests the only published account of PR education history by Potts (1976). The orthodox account, which has been repeated uncritically by later writers, overlooks earlier initiatives, such as the Melbourne-based Public Relations Institute of Australia, whose persistence resulted in Australia's first PR course at Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology in 1964. So too, educational initiatives in Adelaide and Sydney pre-date the traditional historiography. Originality/value – A detailed literature review suggests this paper represents the only journal-length piece on the history of PRE in Australia. It is also the first examination of relationships between industry, professional institutes, and educational authorities.
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Eliason, Antonia, and Matteo Fiorini. "Australia – Anti-Dumping Measures on A4 Copy Paper: Opening a Door to More Anti-Dumping Investigations." World Trade Review 20, no. 4 (June 9, 2021): 479–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s147474562100015x.
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AbstractThis paper analyzes the Australia – Anti-Dumping Measures on A4 Copy Paper panel report, the second recent WTO dispute to involve a challenge to Indonesia's paper industry. The Indonesian paper industry benefits from reduced-cost inputs because of the Indonesian government's influence and subsidies over the timber and pulp market. The report offers the first interpretation of ‘particular market situation’ under Article 2.2 of the WTO's Anti-Dumping Agreement. At the same time, it raises questions regarding the appropriateness of using anti-dumping measures to address what are fundamentally subsidy issues. While the panel ultimately found that Australia's measure was inconsistent with Article 2.2, the paper shows that the panel's interpretation of ‘particular market situation’ increases the relative attractiveness of using anti-dumping duties instead of countervailing measures. Two key points on the welfare implications of the decision can be made. The first relates to the motivations of the Australian paper industry and the imperfectly competitive market in which Australian Paper operates. The second is the importance of challenging subsidies rather than imposing anti-dumping duties where the subsidies in question have negative environmental effects.
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Murray, J. H., and D. W. Young. "TAXATION OF THE AUSTRALIAN OFFSHORE INDUSTRY: A PERSPECTIVE." APPEA Journal 44, no. 1 (2004): 845. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj03047.
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There is an extensive list of taxes (direct and indirect) that potentially apply to companies that explore and produce oil, gas or other hydrocarbons in Australia’s offshore waters. These taxes can include income tax, petroleum resource rent tax, royalties, goods and services tax, customs duties and fringe benefits tax. However, are such companies that produce in Australia taxed more than their counterparts in offshore locations elsewhere around the globe? This paper provides an insight into the principal forms of direct taxation that apply to the Australian offshore production industry. It examines the nature of the taxes applied, the rate of taxation and how the tax take has moved over the years since the first offshore exploration permits were granted in Australia in the late 1950s. The paper gives examples of how in practice each of the relevant taxes would apply throughout the life of a field and compares the taxation burden in Australia to that in other key offshore producing jurisdictions such as the UK, US and Norway. The paper concludes by looking at some of the economic and political factors that must be addressed by the Australian Government if Australia is to maintain a fiscally balanced tax regime to encourage further investment in our offshore industry.
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König, U. "Climate change and snow tourism in Australia." Geographica Helvetica 54, no. 3 (September 30, 1999): 147–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-54-147-1999.
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Abstract. This paper examines impacts of climate change as outlined by the Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change (IPCQ on the snow-reliability ofthe Australian ski fields. It is shown that with a «best case» climate scenario for the Australian Alps, all but one resort (Mt Baw Baw) would have at least 60 days of natural snowcover in 2030 and would therefore still be snow-reliable. With a «worst case» scenario in 2070 on the other hand, none of Australia's current ski resorts would be able to operate a profitable ski industry. Possible adaptation strategies of the ski industry to climate change are suggested. It is demonstrated that the more technical adaptation strategies such as snow-making, super-grooming, and snow-farming are well-developed in Australia, while clearly not enough has been done in both the development of non-snow related activities in winter and an enhanced all-season Visitation. This paper therefore argues that Australian ski resorts need to diversify more than they do today or they will ultimately close due to the negative effects of climate change.
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Hogan, L., S. Thorpe, S. Zheng, L. Ho Trieu, G. Fok, and K. Donaldson. "ESTIMATED NET ECONOMIC BENEFITS FROM AUSTRALIA'S UPSTREAM OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY: 1980-2010." APPEA Journal 36, no. 2 (1996): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj95072.
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Australia's oil and gas resources industry has made a significant contribution to the Australian economy and is expected to continue to do so over the next 15 years and beyond. While oil and gas production from Bass Strait has been the most important part of the industry in the past, offshore oil and gas production has increased strongly in northwest Australia over the past decade. Future growth in the industry is expected to be mainly associated with further strong growth in gas production for both domestic use and the export market. This paper contains an assessment of some major net economic benefits from the exploration, development and production of Australia's oil and gas resources during the period 1980 to 2010.
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Graser, H.-U., B. Tier, D. J. Johnston, and S. A. Barwick. "Genetic evaluation for the beef industry in Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 45, no. 8 (2005): 913. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea05075.
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Genetic evaluation for beef cattle in Australia has been performed using an animal model with best linear unbiased prediction since 1984. The evaluation procedures have evolved from simple to more complex models and from few to a large number of traits, including traits for reproduction, growth and carcass characteristics. This paper describes in detail the current beef cattle genetic evaluation system ‘BREEDPLAN’ used for the Australian beef cattle industry, the traits analysed and underlying models, and presents a short overview of the challenges and planned developments of coming years.
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Young, D., R. Brockett, and J. Smart. "AUSTRALIA—SOVEREIGN RISK AND THE PETROLEUM INDUSTRY." APPEA Journal 45, no. 1 (2005): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj04017.
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Australia has rejoiced in its reputation for having low sovereign risk and corresponding rating, for decades. This reputation was bruised in the first decade after the High Court introduced Native Title into Australian law by the legislative response of the then Government, but has since recovered, and enjoys the world’s lowest country risk rating, and shares the worlds best sovereign risk rating with the USA. A number of government precipitated occurrences in recent times, however, raise the question: for how long can this continue?This paper tracks the long history of occasional broken resource commitments—for both petroleum and mining interests—by governments at both State and Federal level, and the policies which have driven these breaches. It also discusses the notorious recent cancellation of a resource lease by the Queensland Government, first by purporting to cancel the bauxite lease and, after legal action had commenced, by a special Act of Parliament to repeal a State Agreement Act. This has raised concerns in boardrooms around the world of the security of assets held in Australia on a retention, or care and maintenance basis.The paper also looks at the cancellation of the offshore prospecting rights held by WMC, with no compensation. This was a result of the concept that rights extinguished by the Commonwealth, with no gain to the Commonwealth or any other party do not constitute an acquisition of property, thereby denying access to the constitutional guarantee of ’just terms’ supposedly enshrined in the Australian Constitution where an acquisition has occurred.Some other examples are the prohibition on exploration in Queensland national parks last November. This cost some companies with existing tenures a lot of money as exploration permits were granted, but then permission to do seismic exploration refused (Victoria). Several losses of rights occurred as a result of the new Queensland Petroleum and Other Acts Amendment Act after investments have been made.Changes in fiscal policy can also impact on project viability, and some instances of this are considered.This paper also explores ways these risks can be minimised, and how and when compensation might be recovered.
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Watson, Michelle. "Concerns for Skills Shortages in the 21st Century: A Review into the Construction Industry, Australia." Construction Economics and Building 7, no. 1 (November 22, 2012): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ajceb.v7i1.2977.
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The Australian Construction Industry is now facing skills shortages in all trades. As an industry focused on the skill of its workforce, there is now concern the Australian standard in quality, workmanship, and productivity will inhibit both at national and international level.This research paper addresses the underlying, influential factors concerning skills shortages in the Australian construction industry. The influential factors addressed include funding, training statistics, employer expectations, financial limitations, Industrial Relations and immigration. Given the reference to skills shortages within the industry, and documented in related literature, if skills shortages are to continue to exist, their effect will impact upon the overall performance of construction companies throughout Australia.
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Madison, Jeanne, and Richard Gates. "Australian registered nurses and sex-based harassment in the healthcare industry." Australian Health Review 19, no. 3 (1996): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah960014.
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This paper discusses sex-based harassment in the nursing profession in Australia. Thepaper generates industry-specific hypotheses which may provide insights into sex-basedharassment in the Australian context. A good understanding of sex-based harassmentin health care is essential for reducing and eliminating the problem and its toxicsequelae.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Paper industry Australia"
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Armstrong, Shayne. "Beast Sellers: The Necessary Evils of Paratexts in the Development and Marketing of the Horror-Thriller Screenplay." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2005. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16446/1/Shayne_Armstrong_-_Monster_Business.pdf.
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Monster Business is a feature film project comprising a horror-thriller feature screenplay and an accompanying exegesis. The screenplay is about a best-selling author who is behind on the delivery of the sequel to his money-spinning first novel and is made an offer by an enigmatic stranger to help rearrange his working environment to facilitate the rapid completion of the manuscript. Over the coming hours, then months, the author discovers just how far the stranger will go to complete the terms of this bizarre and brutal new contract.
This accompanying exegesis examines a series of 'paratexts' (a logline, a one-pager and a treatment) that the screenplay has given rise to. The thesis argues that the role of the screenwriter does not end with the production of the core text--the screenplay.
Instead, in order to support the development and/or the marketing of the script into a feature film, the screenwriter is an ongoing generator of supplemental documents or
paratexts. The paper explores the status and function of paratexts (loglines, onepagers, treatments and explanatory development notes). It further argues that developmental paratexts are a necessary evil, providing a sifting or culling mechanism for producers and production executives, and that they are intended to guide a project toward being 'greenlit' but will more often have, at best, benign or, at worst, negative or destructive effects on its development. In this way, developmental paratexts, although ubiquitous and pro forma, are inherently problematic.
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Armstrong, Shayne. "Beast Sellers: The Necessary Evils of Paratexts in the Development and Marketing of the Horror-Thriller Screenplay." Queensland University of Technology, 2005. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16446/.
Full textAbstract:
Monster Business is a feature film project comprising a horror-thriller feature screenplay and an accompanying exegesis. The screenplay is about a best-selling author who is behind on the delivery of the sequel to his money-spinning first novel and is made an offer by an enigmatic stranger to help rearrange his working environment to facilitate the rapid completion of the manuscript. Over the coming hours, then months, the author discovers just how far the stranger will go to complete the terms of this bizarre and brutal new contract. This accompanying exegesis examines a series of 'paratexts' (a logline, a one-pager and a treatment) that the screenplay has given rise to. The thesis argues that the role of the screenwriter does not end with the production of the core text--the screenplay. Instead, in order to support the development and/or the marketing of the script into a feature film, the screenwriter is an ongoing generator of supplemental documents or paratexts. The paper explores the status and function of paratexts (loglines, onepagers, treatments and explanatory development notes). It further argues that developmental paratexts are a necessary evil, providing a sifting or culling mechanism for producers and production executives, and that they are intended to guide a project toward being 'greenlit' but will more often have, at best, benign or, at worst, negative or destructive effects on its development. In this way, developmental paratexts, although ubiquitous and pro forma, are inherently problematic.
3
Kinuthia, Wanyee. "“Accumulation by Dispossession” by the Global Extractive Industry: The Case of Canada." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/30170.
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This thesis draws on David Harvey’s concept of “accumulation by dispossession” and an international political economy (IPE) approach centred on the institutional arrangements and power structures that privilege certain actors and values, in order to critique current capitalist practices of primitive accumulation by the global corporate extractive industry. The thesis examines how accumulation by dispossession by the global extractive industry is facilitated by the “free entry” or “free mining” principle. It does so by focusing on Canada as a leader in the global extractive industry and the spread of this country’s mining laws to other countries – in other words, the transnationalisation of norms in the global extractive industry – so as to maintain a consistent and familiar operating environment for Canadian extractive companies. The transnationalisation of norms is further promoted by key international institutions such as the World Bank, which is also the world’s largest development lender and also plays a key role in shaping the regulations that govern natural resource extraction. The thesis briefly investigates some Canadian examples of resource extraction projects, in order to demonstrate the weaknesses of Canadian mining laws, particularly the lack of protection of landowners’ rights under the free entry system and the subsequent need for “free, prior and informed consent” (FPIC). The thesis also considers some of the challenges to the adoption and implementation of the right to FPIC. These challenges include embedded institutional structures like the free entry mining system, international political economy (IPE) as shaped by international institutions and powerful corporations, as well as concerns regarding ‘local’ power structures or the legitimacy of representatives of communities affected by extractive projects. The thesis concludes that in order for Canada to be truly recognized as a leader in the global extractive industry, it must establish legal norms domestically to ensure that Canadian mining companies and residents can be held accountable when there is evidence of environmental and/or human rights violations associated with the activities of Canadian mining companies abroad. The thesis also concludes that Canada needs to address underlying structural issues such as the free entry mining system and implement FPIC, in order to curb “accumulation by dispossession” by the extractive industry, both domestically and abroad.
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Sonnenfeld, David Allan. "Greening the tiger? social movements' influence on adoption of environmental technologies in the pulp and paper industries of Australia, Indonesia, and Thailand /." 1996. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/38016047.html.
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Wood, Connell. "Examination of the potential for reuse of chromated copper arsenate wood waste by nitric acid pulping." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/69311.
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Treated timber is a widely used construction material, as it is resistant to insect and fungal attack. The most commonly used timber treatment solution worldwide is copper chromium arsenate (CCA) pressure treated wood (APVMA 2005a). Environmental and health issues have been raised over CCA wood, with major particular concern raised on the possibilities of arsenic in the wood potentially leaching out. The Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority (APVMA) have limited its usage to minimise human contact with CCA structures (APVMA 2005a). In South Australia, CCA applications increased dramatically with the expansion of the winery industry where CCA treated timber posts were widely used for vineyard trellises. Due to the mechanical method by which most grapes are harvested, roughly 2% of all posts are broken and require disposal annually (SAEPA 2008). The Environmental Protection Agency of South Australia (EPASA) have placed restrictions on CCA disposal from vineyards (SAEPA 2004) and waste CCA stock is either stockpiled or sent to specially lined landfills incurring an estimated cost penalty of over $AU 200 per tonne¹ . Clearly, improved CCA treatment technologies must be developed to reduce (or eliminate) the cost of CCA disposal and to the footprint of land filled waste. CCA timber disposal techniques currently being researched are focussed primarily on thermal and biological routes. Thermal techniques are problematic due to volatilization of the arsenic in the product, whilst biological removal techniques are very slow. Chemical remediation is an alternative and attractive disposal technique of interest using various acids to extract copper, chromium and arsenic. Nitric acid has been shown to be particularly effective (Honda, Kanjo et al. 1991), although research has been limited. Nitric acid is also used in one method of paper pulp production, and as such, there is the potential for a combined CCA extraction and paper pulp process. This has the attraction of turning a waste in a value added product. The kinetics of copper, chromium and arsenic dissolution in nitric acid has been examined in this thesis. A key finding of the work identifies the size of CCA wood particles as the dominant factor affecting the extraction rate, whilst temperature and acid concentration only provide a minor effect. The extraction rate for all elements from CCA wood using nitric acid generally follow 2nd order kinetics. Concurrently, a study examining wood chips of various ages taken from vineyards was performed using chip sizes typical required for paper production. It was found that despite significant variations in the concentration profile of CCA in posts, a general model based on the fraction of each element could be created for posts of all ages. Over an 8 hour period, 65-80% of chromium, 50-70% of copper and 75-90% of arsenic was extracted from all posts. Given the excellent extraction observed under relatively simple nitric acid extraction, further studies on the applicability of nitric pulping for CCA remediation are recommended. Minimizing chip size subject to fibre size constraints in paper production is key to improved removal and additional means for enhancing chip surface area are identified. Other stages present in paper pulping process may solublize additional CCA and these warrant further investigation. A basic economic estimation was undertaken, where it was found that creating paper pulp from CCA wood could be economically feasible, but will require further research to determine the expected costs and revenues involved. The nature of the CCA wood waste was investigated. The expectation was that CCA posts would contain relatively consistent concentration profiles for copper, chromium and arsenic. However, it was observed that the concentrations were quite varied. Further, several posts produced during the wine boom in South Australia were very poorly treated with very poor penetration of the preservatives into the posts. This could result in a reduced lifetime for the posts, and potentially higher arsenic leaching than expected. It is also recommended that the frequency of these poorly treated posts be determined, as three of the six posts examined from this period were potentially poorly treated, implying it may be significant and unexpected problem. In addition, a study should be initiated to determine if these poorly treated posts are leaching higher levels of arsenic, by both a study of the surrounding soil and a simulated rainfall leaching experiment. Based on the concern that more arsenic leached from pieces of CCA post left in deionised water than expected, an experiment on posts of various ages revealed that over a 100 day period, 1.5-3g of elemental arsenic could leach from a submerged CCA treated post. There is a serious concern that with CCA posts being landfilled, they will be exposed to water contact over the wet months, resulting in high arsenic leaching. It is theorised that this high arsenic leaching is due to insufficient chromium in the CCA solution. Previous studies have recommended higher chromium to arsenic ratios than are currently employed in Australia. Further studies on the extent to which this leaching can occur in landfill are recommended.
¹ Personal communication with John Blumson, Zero Waste South Australia, 22/7/08.Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Chemical Engineering, 2011
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Wallace, Douglas Melvin. "Measurement of customer quality and service requirements in a paper converting company." Thesis, 1995. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/18222/.
Full textAbstract:
Research into customer service in the manufacturing industry has lagged behind that
in service industries, where superior service quality is the most important strategic
priority and companies that focus on their customers will build a loyalty that will
preclude competitors. In the service industry, customer service needs to be designed
for the particular product and process, with measurable outcomes that deliver the
results of consumer research.
In the manufacture of consumer goods, the product needs to be augmented by
customer service factors which fall into the areas of design activities to enhance
physical quality, as well as non physical or service activities such as response times,
delivery, installation and after-sales repairs. However it is dangerous for a company
to try to compete by offering superior service on all dimensions simultaneously and
trade offs must be made based on appropriate consumer research.
The overall objective of this research was to provide strategic direction for improving
quality and customer service in the paper converting industry. The research achieved
that aim by determining the requirements of quality and service for different
customers, different products and market segments, through a newly extended
process which obtained feedback from corporate customers and two groups of end
users, those purchasing premium products and those purchasing low cost products.
In the business being considered, surveys had already been conducted by semantic
network analysis and gap analysis by market research consultants. This research
carried out additional surveys and compared them with those already available. The
present research employed a cross-sectional causal field experiment using two
questionnaires. Because responses were obtained from both national intermediary and
representative napkin end users, each survey had a common core, applicable to all
respondents and individual sections for corporate customer and end users.
As a result of the surveys, it was concluded that considerable differences existed
between intermediary users and end users in:
- their ranking of elements of quality and customer service,
- their ranking of the technical aspects of quality and,
- their evaluation of the suitability of a napkin for their use.
A series of specific differences were found, of which the most important are:
- all the customers expect quality and there are no significant differences in
their views, but low series napkin users have lower quality expectations.
- premium product users require a wider range of napkins than corporate
users, who have their own specific narrow range, and low cost users who
expected a limited choice.
- corporate customers want better stock availability and full quantity deliveries
at the exact time and day specified.
It was concluded that the detailed surveys, in the present research, had greater validity
than previous ones because they covered a wider range of customer requirements, not
limited to those already being offered. The research made a series of
recommendations about, for example, softness and embossing standards in
manufacturing, which it is hoped will be adopted. The aim, to obtain feedback across
the whole range of customer requirements for future strategic direction, had been
achieved.
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Perlman, Leon Joseph. "Legal and regulatory aspects of mobile financial services." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/13362.
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The thesis deals with the emergence of bank and non-bank entities that provide a range of unique
transaction-based payment services broadly called Mobile Financial Services (MFS) to unbanked,
underserved and underbanked persons via mobile phones.
Models of MFS from Mobile Network Operators (MNOs), banks, combinations of MNOs and banks, and
independent Mobile Financial Services Providers are covered. Provision by non-banks of ‘bank-type’
services via mobile phones has been termed ‘transformational banking’ versus the ‘additive banking’
services from banks. All involve the concept of ‘branchless banking’ whereby ‘cash-in/cash out’ services
are provided through ‘agents.’
Funds for MFS payments may available through a Stored Value Product (SVP), particularly through a
Stored Value Account SVP variant offered by MNOs where value is stored as a redeemable fiat- or mobile
‘airtime’-based Store of Value.
The competitive, legal, technical and regulatory nature of non-bank versus bank MFS models is discussed,
in particular the impact of banking, payments, money laundering, telecommunications, e-commerce and
consumer protection laws. Whether funding mechanisms for SVPs may amount to deposit-taking such that
entities could be engaged in the ‘business of banking’ is discussed. The continued use of ‘deposit’ as the
traditional trigger for the ‘business of banking’ is investigated, alongside whether transaction and paymentcentric
MFS rises to the ‘business of banking.’
An extensive evaluation of ‘money’ based on the Orthodox and Claim School economic theories is
undertaken in relation to SVPs used in MFS, their legal associations and import, and whether they may be
deemed ‘money’ in law.
Consumer protection for MFS and payments generally through current statute, contract, and payment law
and common law condictiones are found to be wanting. Possible regulatory arbitrage in relation to MFS in
South African law is discussed.
The legal and regulatory regimes in the European Union, Kenya and the United States of America are
compared with South Africa. The need for a coordinated payments-specific law that has consumer
protections, enables proportional risk-based licensing of new non-bank providers of MFS, and allows for a
regulator for retail payments is recommended. The use of trust companies and trust accounts is
recommended for protection of user funds.
| viPublic, Constitutional and International Law
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Books on the topic "Paper industry Australia"
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2004), Appita General Conference (58th. 58th Appita Annual Conference and Exhibition, Incorporating the Pan Pacific Conference: Proceedings : Canberra, Australia, 19-21 April 2004.Proceedings. Carlton, VIC,Australia: Appita, 2004.
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2
Force, Western Australia Electricity Reform Task. Discussion paper on the reform of the electricity supply industry in Western Australia. [Perth?]: Electricity Reform Task Force, 2002.
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3
Fleay, Brian J. Sustainable energy policy for Australia: Submission to the Dept. of Primary Industry and Energy Green Paper 1996. Perth, W.A: Institute for Science and Technology Policy, Murdoch University, 1997.
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4
Australian Pulp and Paper Industry Technical Association. Appita's guide to the Australian and New Zealand pulp and paper industry. Carlton, Vic: Appita, 2003.
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5
Australian History and Film Conference (6th 1993 La Trobe University, Melbourne). Screening the past: Aspects of early Australian film : selected papers from the Sixth Australian History and Film Conference and other sources. Acton, ACT: National Film and Sound Archive, 1995.
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International Commission on Occupational Health. Congress. Occupational health in the chemical industry: Papers presented at the XXII ICOH Congress, Sydney, Australia, 27 September-2 October 1987. [London]: Medichem, 1988.
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Industry Training Outlook '98 (1998 Sydney, N.S.W.). Future training issues in Australia's industries: A collection of papers presented at the NCVER 1998 conference: Industry Training Outlook '98, Sydney, 12-13 October 1998. Leabrook, S. Aust: National Centre for Vocational Education Research, 1998.
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Future trends in the hospitality and tourism industry Australia/Victoria: Discussion paper. Melbourne: IBIS- DH&S, 1986.
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Australia. Manufacturing industry revitalisation: Making it together : Report (Parliamentary paper / Parliament of the Commonwealth of Australia). Australian Govt. Pub. Service, 1988.
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Western Australia. Dept. of Commerce and Trade. and Western Australia. Regional Development Council., eds. Global incentives for regional industry: A study of government incentive programs in Australia, North America and Europe and their implications for regional Western Australia : an information paper. Perth: The Council, 1996.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Paper industry Australia"
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Dadswell, Gordon. "Making Paper in Australia: Developing the Technology to Create a National Industry, 1818–1928." In World Forests, 217–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94962-8_10.
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Bird, Deanne, and Andrew Taylor. "Disasters and Demographic Change of ‘Single-Industry’ Towns—Decline and Resilience in Morwell, Australia." In The Demography of Disasters, 125–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49920-4_7.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract In 2014, an open-cut coal mine fire burned for 45 days in the small single-industry town of Hazelwood in Victoria (Australia) spreading smoke and ash across the adjacent community of Morwell. This chapter examines the extent to which the mine fire acted as a catalyst for demographic and socio-economic change and considers how, if at all, it impacted Morwell’s resilience to disasters. We report on a range of secondary data analyses augmented with qualitative insights captured in government reports (namely, the Hazelwood Mine Fire Inquiry reports), as well as from related research papers and media articles. We suggest that a succession of structural and demographic changes meant that the town and its residents were accustomed and resilient to relatively large shocks. In this sense, the Morwell and broader Latrobe Valley population banded together around various community-led initiatives to fight for a better future for their community.
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Taylor, Andrew. "ICT and the Tourism Information Marketplace in Australia." In Information Communication Technologies, 2022–31. IGI Global, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-949-6.ch147.
Full textAbstract:
n November 2003, the Australian Government released the Tourism White Paper, a medium- to long-term strategy for the Australian tourism industry. The Paper provides for funding to improve the availability of high-quality information for the development of tourism in regional areas of Australia. More than $21 million, a historically large amount, has been identified for “…extending the provision of quality research and statistics” (Prime Minister John Howard, Media Release, November 20, 2003).
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Taylor, Andrew. "ICT and the Tourism Information Marketplace in Australia." In Encyclopedia of Developing Regional Communities with Information and Communication Technology, 360–66. IGI Global, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-575-7.ch063.
Full textAbstract:
n November 2003, the Australian Government released the Tourism White Paper, a medium- to long-term strategy for the Australian tourism industry. The Paper provides for funding to improve the availability of high-quality information for the development of tourism in regional areas of Australia. More than $21 million, a historically large amount, has been identified for “…extending the provision of quality research and statistics” (Prime Minister John Howard, Media Release, November 20, 2003).
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Ward, Margaret, and Jane Bringolf. "Universal Design in Housing in Australia: An Example of People Power." In Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/shti220833.
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This paper follows three previous ones which have reflected on the grass-roots campaign in Australia to mandate a basic access standard in all new housing. The original negotiations with government and the housing industry for this reform were at first disingenuous then reluctant despite human rights obligations. A tenacious campaign over two decades by user stakeholders, researchers, and principled housing providers finally convinced political leaders to mandate national access provisions for all new housing in the National Construction Code. The paper discusses what assisted and hampered this campaign. It then discusses why politicians eventually favoured the interests of ordinary people over the self-interests of the housing industry.
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Ratten, Vanessa, and Leo-Paul Dana. "Sustainable Entrepreneurship, Family Farms and the Dairy Industry." In Research Anthology on Strategies for Maintaining Successful Family Firms, 898–916. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-3550-2.ch041.
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There has been increasing recognition that for regional competitiveness in rural areas there needs to be a focus on sustainable farming initiatives especially for family farms that are competing with global conglomerates. Family farms, whilst declining in number, are the purpose of this paper studying the rural entrepreneurship in family farms as they are at the heart of rural communities and the overall agricultural industry and comprise a high percentage of total farms. This paper takes a case study approach using in-depth semi structured interviews to delve into the types of entrepreneurial strategies that are distinctive of family farms in terms of their sustainability approach to farming. Dairy farms in the West Victorian area of Australia are studied and the findings suggest that family farms can increase their regional competitiveness and international standing by focusing on their collaborative, social and sustainable entrepreneurial strategies.
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Molla, Alemayehu, and Konrad Peszynski. "E-Business in Agribusiness." In ICT Influences on Human Development, Interaction, and Collaboration, 78–96. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-1957-9.ch004.
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This paper explores the e-readiness of firms in the Australian horticulture supply chain. The paper draws from the perceived e-readiness model (PERM) and relies on data collected from a survey of firms in the horticulture sector in Australia. The results indicate that while horticulture firms demonstrate relative organizational preparation for the conduct of e-business, the value network within which they operate does not appear to encourage and support their endeavour. In particular, government and industry associations do not appear to play supportive roles in encouraging the use of e-business among members of the horticulture supply chain. This paper highlights factors that are likely to facilitate or inhibit e-business in agribusiness, an area lacking in research globally. Practitioners such as governments, horticulture associations, growers and growers’ associations, and digital marketplace operators, through understanding the e-readiness factors affecting e-business, can make effective decisions to develop their support, capabilities and offerings respectively.
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Carson, Dean, Pramod Sharma, and Iain Waller. "Regional Tourism and the Internet." In Using Community Informatics to Transform Regions, 271–86. IGI Global, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-132-2.ch018.
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Tourism, and especially regional tourism, is facing the same challenges that have emerged in most industry sectors as a result of online technology availability. There are concerns that access to tourism products are likely to be impeded if online technologies are not effectively employed by the whole tourism industry in Australia. A common understanding of the purpose of engaging online is critical to the development of sustainable models for regional tourism organisations. This paper discusses a case where FRANK (The Framework of Regional Tourism and Network Knowledge) was used to help a tourism organisation describe their approach to E-business development. The framework emerges from the four considerations discussed in this paper: governance, value adding, positioning and evaluation.
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Jain, Sachin, and Milind T. Phadtare. "Influencers for Adoption of Robots in Indian Construction Industry." In Rapid Automation, 1236–58. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-8060-7.ch058.
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Robots are developed for various construction processes and used in countries such as the USA, Japan and China. However, their adoption in India is very limited due to weaknesses in the construction sector. The Indian construction industry is poised to grow at a faster rate due to planned investment. Robots will benefit construction industry by way of better productivity, quality, timely completion, etc. resulting in the growth of construction industry. This paper identifies the structure of influencers of adoption of robots in the Indian infrastructure construction sector using exploratory factor analsis. This structure was validated using confirmatory factor analysis. A total of 20 influencers are identified and grouped in eight factors. Based on these influencers, strategies are recommended to enhance adoption of robots in Indian infrastructure construction industry. Finally the authors identify the influencers that are common to India and other countries in Asia, America, Europe and Australia.
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Singh, Amanpreet, Prem Chhetri, and Rajiv Padhaye. "Understanding the Port-Centric Logistics Clusters." In Innovative Solutions for Implementing Global Supply Chains in Emerging Markets, 257–72. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-9795-9.ch017.
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Port-centric logistics clusters are considered as intermodal gateways and/or hubs of international trade, which connect national economies with global production networks. These clusters are spatial agglomeration of logistics related interconnected and interdependent companies. Singapore, Dubai and Rotterdam are world class exemplary of port-centric logistics clusters. The formation of these clusters is a derivative of conducive business environment generated within a geographically defined area. Despite the recognition of port-centric approach to economic development there is insufficient evidence to empirically assess the functional and spatial characteristics of port centric logistics clusters. There is also disagreement on three key questions: how port-centric logistics clusters are defined and identified, what industry types do they constitute and what methods are appropriate to delineate the boundary of port centric logistics cluster. In this paper, a spatial approach is adopted to geographically delineate the spatial congregation of port-centric logistics employment using three major container ports in Australia. Using the Census data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS 2006), analysis has been conducted on employment data containing information about where people work and what industry they work within the close vicinity of case study seaports. The results show that the spatial extent Australian port centric logistics clusters, which tend to vary both in size and shape. Overall size of employment in port-related industries in Australia has grown substantially. Road freight is dominating industry in the port-centric logistics cluster with a contribution of 23.02% and 37.54% in 2001 and 2006 respectively. The range of port-centric logistics cluster in Melbourne is towards western suburbs and in Botany Bay the port-centric logistics cluster is discerned mainly around eastern suburbs and in Brisbane the spread of port-centred logistics cluster is towards southeast inner Brisbane and Northwest Inner Brisbane suburbs. This shows the impact of land use consolidation by the State Government in their effort to boost transport and warehousing employment closer to Australian container ports. The establishment of port-centric logistics clusters, we argue, could mean the opportunities for organisations to achieve agglomeration economies, increase rivalry among organizations to promote competition, access to greater pool of customers, availability of skilled labour force, closer proximity between customers and supplier, sharing of public infrastructure and resources, increased inter-firm interactions, and knowledge spill-over.
Conference papers on the topic "Paper industry Australia"
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Christensen, David, and Andrew Re. "Is Australia Prepared for the Decommissioning Challenge? A Regulator's Perspective." In SPE Symposium: Decommissioning and Abandonment. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/208483-ms.
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Abstract The National Offshore Petroleum Safety and Environmental Management Authority (NOPSEMA) is Australia's independent expert regulator for health and safety, structural (well) integrity and environmental management for all offshore oil and gas operations and greenhouse gas storage activities in Australian waters, and in coastal waters where regulatory powers and functions have been conferred. The Australian offshore petroleum industry has been in operation since the early 1960s and currently has approximately 57 platforms, 11 floating facilities, 3,500km of pipelines and 1000 wells in operation. Many offshore facilities are now approaching the end of their operational lives and it is estimated that over the next 50 years decommissioning of this infrastructure will cost more than US$40.5 billion. Decommissioning is a normal and inevitable stage in the lifetime of an offshore petroleum project that should be planned from the outset and matured throughout the life of operations. While only a few facilities have been decommissioned in Australian waters, most of Australia's offshore infrastructure is now more than 20 years old and entering a phase where they require extra attention and close maintenance prior to decommissioning. When the NOGA group of companies entered liquidation in 2020 and the Australian Government took control of decommissioning the Laminaria and Corallina field development it became evident that there were some fundamental gaps in relation to decommissioning in the Australian offshore petroleum industry. There are two key focus areas that require attention. Firstly, regulatory reform including policy change and modification to regulatory practice. Secondly, the development of visible and robust decommissioning plans by Industry titleholders. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the importance and benefit of adopting good practice when planning for decommissioning throughout the life cycle of a petroleum project. Whilst not insurmountable, the closing of these gaps will ensure that Australia is well placed to deal with the decommissioning challenge facing the industry in the next 50 years.
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Burvill, Colin R., and William P. Lewis. "Maximising Opportunities for Collaboration Between Universities and Small to Medium Size Enterprises." In ASME 2001 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2001/ied-21209.
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Abstract This paper is about collaborative relationships between manufacturing industry and universities in Australia, with particular reference to small to medium size enterprises (SME’s) because of their prevalence and their importance to the economies of industrialised countries. To put local conditions in perspective, it should be recorded that the annual output of Australian manufacturing industry currently is in excess of $100 billion (Australian dollars) of which 30% is exported [1]. The role of the Government in promoting collaboration between industry and universities, and the associated knowledge transfer, is exemplified by a senior body sponsored by the Australian Commonwealth Government.
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Hodgkinson, John. "Industry Training for Concrete Paving Crews in Australia (2006-2020): The “Grey Card” Course." In 12th International Conference on Concrete Pavements. International Society for Concrete Pavements, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33593/zi0gjbke.
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In addition to advances in materials and construction equipment there is a continuing need to ensure adequate skills are available within paving crews. Since 2006 concrete pavement crews and their supervisors in Australia have been required to undertake a mandatory one-day course. Known in industry as the ``Grey Card'' course it was developed jointly by NSW Roads and Maritime Services (RMS) and industry applicable to highway and similar classification roads. It demonstrates a commitment from both sectors to relevant training. Over 180 courses with 3,800 participants have been completed in four States and the Australian Capital Territory. Successful participants are issued with a card that is recognised throughout industry irrespective of changes in an individual's employment. The course is presented by instructors accredited by RMS and drawn from industry professionals who have demonstrated considerable construction experience. There is no other course of this type in Australia. The course has the primary objective of consistently high quality construction. Based on agency Specifications the course sets out the reasons for various construction requirements and site practices necessary to achieve them at paving crew level. Sessions include the basics of making good concrete, setting forms reinforcement and dowels, placing paving and compaction, surface finishing and texturing, curing and protection. This paper sets out the development and presentations of the courses.
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Jaques, Susan. "Same Yet Different: A Comparison of Pipeline Industries in Canada and Australia." In 2000 3rd International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2000-106.
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Canada and Australia are remarkably similar countries. Characteristics such as geography, politics, native land issues, and population are notably similar, while the climate may be considered the most obvious difference between the two countries. The pipeline industries are similar as well, but yet very different in some respects too. This presentation will explore some of the similarities and differences between the pipeline industries in both countries. The focus of the discussion will be mainly on long-distance, cross-country gas transmission pipelines. The author of this paper spent 4 years working for TransCanada PipeLines in Calgary in a pipeline design and construction capacity, and has spent 2.5 years working for an engineering consultant firm, Egis Consulting Australia, in a variety of roles on oil and gas projects in Australia. Topics to be addressed include the general pipeline industry organisation and the infrastructure in both countries. The history of the development of the pipeline industry in each country provides insight as to why each is organised the way it is today. While neither system is “better” than the other, there are certain advantages to Canada’s system (nationally regulated) over Australia’s system (currently state-regulated). The design codes of each country will be compared and contrasted. The pipeline design codes alternate in level of detail and strictness of requirements. Again, it cannot be said that one is “better” than the other, although in some cases one country’s code is much more useful than the other for pipeline designers. Construction techniques affected by the terrain and climate in each country will be explored. Typical pipeline construction activities are well known to pipeliners all over the globe: clear and grade, trench, string pipe, weld pipe, coat welds, lower in, backfill and clean up. The order of these activities may change, depending on the terrain and the season, and the methods of completing each activity will also depend on the terrain and the season, however the principles remain the same. Australia and Canada differ in aspects such as climate, terrain and watercourse type, and therefore each country has developed methods to handle these issues. Finally, some of the current and future opportunities for the 21st century for the pipeline industry in both countries will be discussed. This discussion will include items such as operations and maintenance issues, Canada’s northern development opportunities, and Australia’s national gas grid possibilities.
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W. Koziniec, Terry, and Michael W. Dixon. "ICT Industry Certification: Integration Issues for Post-Secondary Educational Institutions in Australia." In 2002 Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/2515.
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Driven by the incredible pace of technological change the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) vendors have led the charge in promoting industry based technical certifications. Today, there are a plethora of instructor led, intensive, short courses that provide training in an ICT vendor’s product and prepare participants to sit a certification exam. Increasingly, vendors are developing expanded certification programs suitable for inclusion in high school, college and university courses. Although these programs are attractive to students and educational institutions, there are obstacles to be overcome and risks to be evaluated when attempting to integrate a certification program within a traditional offering. This paper examines these issues in detail.
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Stevens, Quentin. "A Brief History of the Short-Term Parklet in Australia." In The 38th Annual Conference of the Society of Architectural Historians Australia and New Zealand. online: SAHANZ, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55939/a4018pognw.
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This paper examines the history within Australia of the ‘parklet’, a small architecturally-framed open space installed temporarily on an on-street car-parking space. The paper traces parklets’ varied and evolving forms, materials, production processes and functions. It examines how parklets have adapted to rapidly-changing social needs and priorities for economic activity, health, safety, socialising and on-street parking, and changes in street function. The contemporary parklet began in 2005 as a localised, grassroots activity to temporarily reclaim street space for public leisure, as part of the wider movement of ‘tactical urbanism’. Parklets rapidly became a worldwide phenomenon. Starting in 2008, parklets were absorbed into institutional urban planning practice, as a strategic tool to enhance community engagement, test possibilities, and win support for longer-term spatial transformations. From 2012, commercial parklet programs were developed in Australian cities to encourage local businesses to expand into street parking spaces, to calm traffic and enhance pedestrian amenity. A new generation of commercial ‘café parklets’ has emerged during the COVID-19 pandemic, facilitated by local governments, to support the heavily-impacted hospitality industry. Their design and construction show ongoing innovation, increasing scale and professionalism, but also standardisation. This paper draws on diverse Australian parklet examples to chart the emergence of varying approaches to their design and construction, which draw upon different materials, skills, local government strategies and international precedents. The findings also illustrate several convergences in the evolution of parklet design across different Australian cities, due to strong similarities in the spatial contexts, needs, risk factors, and technologies that have defined this practice.
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Rezaeian, N., L. Tang, and M. Hardie. "PSYCHOSOCIAL HAZARDS AND RISKS IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY IN NEW SOUTH WALES, AUSTRALIA." In The 9th World Construction Symposium 2021. The Ceylon Institute of Builders - Sri Lanka, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/wcs.2021.42.
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The construction industry faces many challenges, one of which is the difficult to define psychosocial influences. The construction sector has highly demanding employment conditions, long working hours and sometimes unfeasible terms of project execution. Psychosocial influences represent emotional as well as physiological characteristics which impact the immediate environment. Some construction personnel face psychosocial problems that can lead to depression or suicide. The research conducted in this paper focuses on the psychosocial status of personnel working in construction companies, in New South Wales (NSW), Australia. A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the psychosocial hazards observed in the construction industry in NSW. Practitioners in two private construction companies and one government department having construction project management experience in NSW were involved in the survey. The data analysis indicates that most workers experienced being pressured to stay back and work long hours. This led to workers being ‘very frequently’ tired. Regarding bullying, Respondents reported that the frequency of they experienced ‘exclusion or isolation from workplace activities’ was ‘monthly’. Being ‘Subjects of gossip or false, malicious rumours’ was reported as happening ‘weekly’ and ‘Humiliation through gestures, sarcasm, criticism or insults’ was said to happen ‘almost daily’. This study's findings indicate that construction projects could have unaddressed psychosocial hazards and risks, each of which may be a potential factor for accidents and occupational and psychological injuries. The data displayed from this research could help understand psychosocial hazards. Spreading awareness on the issue can hopefully be a step towards improving the mental health of construction workers while decreasing the overall suicide rate.
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Smith, Warren F., Michael Myers, and Brenton Dansie. "F1 in Schools: An Australian Perspective." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-86240.
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The Australian Government and industry groups have been discussing the projected “skills shortage” for a number of years. This concern for the future is mirrored in many countries including the USA and the UK where the risk is not having sufficient skilled people to realise the projects being proposed. Growing tertiary qualified practicing engineers takes time and commitment but without the excitement of the possibility of such a career being seeded in the youth of the world, school leavers won’t be attracted to engineering in sufficient numbers. In response, one successful model for exciting school children about engineering and science careers is the international F1inSchools Technology Challenge which was created in the UK in 2002 and implemented in Australia in 2003. It is now run in over 300 Australian Schools and 33 countries. In the Australian context, the program is managed and promoted by the Reengineering Australia Foundation. It is supported and fostered through a range of regional hubs, individual schools and some exceptional teachers. Presented in this paper are some perspectives drawn particularly from the Australian experience with the program over 10 years — which by any measure has been outstanding. The F1inSchools model has been designed specifically through its association with Formula One racing to attract the intrinsic interests of students. It is based on the fundamentals of action learning. Role models and industry involvement are utilised as motivation modifiers in students from Years 5 to 12. While immersing children in project based learning, the program explicitly encourages them to engage with practicing mentors taking them on a journey outside their normal classroom experience. In this program, students have the opportunity to use the design and analysis tools that are implemented in high technology industries. Their experience is one of reaching into industry and creative exploration rather than industry reaching down to them to play in a constrained and artificial school based environment. Anecdotally F1inSchools has been very successful in positively influencing career choices. With the aim of objectively assessing the impact of the program, doctoral research has been completed. Some key findings from this work are summarized and reported in this paper. The children involved truly become excited as they utilise a vehicle for integration of learning outcomes across a range of educational disciplines with a creative design focus. This enthusiasm flows to reflective thought and informed action in their career choice. As a result of F1inSchools, students are electing to follow engineering pathways and they will shape tomorrow’s world.
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Southern, Carolyne, Joseph Wong, and Keith Bladon. "Challenges of Integrating Multidisciplinary Wayside Databases." In ASME 2012 Rail Transportation Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/rtdf2012-9446.
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A single, integrated database to store inputs from multiple, and multidisciplinary wayside systems is a pre-requisite for cross-correlation of data, and the development of intelligent algorithms to determine alarm levels and automate decision making. Australian rail operators run on three track gauges, operate a mix of American, European and uniquely Australian rolling stock, and lack a unified set of interchange standards, making the development of operational and condition monitoring rules a complex task. Over the years, Wayside Equipment vendors have adopted different database architectures and data structures for their proprietary systems. Recognizing the need for an industry-wide standard, Pacific National and Track Owners in Australia have initiated a project to develop the architecture for an integrated, open database to capture and store data feeds from multiple wayside systems, from different suppliers. This paper describes the objectives, constraints, challenges and projected benefits of the project for the track owner and the rail operator, and the planned implementation of an integrated condition monitoring database in the Australian rail environment.
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Fordyce, Mike, and Colin Caprani. "Development of Confidential Reporting on Structural Safety in Australasia." In IABSE Congress, Christchurch 2021: Resilient technologies for sustainable infrastructure. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/christchurch.2021.0783.
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<p>Confidential Reporting on Structural Safety – Australasia (CROSS-AUS) is the confidential reporting system established in Australasia in 2018 to capture and share lessons learned from structural safety issues which might not otherwise get public recognition. It builds on the success of CROSS- UK, the unique UK based system which has been operating since 2005 and is part of a growing network of CROSS programmes internationally. There has been interest in CROSS in Australia for many years and CROSS-AUS would like to see this interest now extended into New Zealand. Ultimately the intention is to have a global freely available database to be used by the construction industry anywhere to improve the safety of their buildings, structures, and national infrastructure. The paper will describe the processes used by CROSS and provide examples of instances where beneficial changes have resulted.</p>
Reports on the topic "Paper industry Australia"
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Ray, D. Electric power industry restructuring in Australia: Lessons from down-under. Occasional paper No. 20. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/464147.
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