Academic literature on the topic 'Papal rule'
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Journal articles on the topic "Papal rule"
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Twyman, Susan. "Papal Adventus at Rome in the Twelfth Century." Historical Research 69, no. 170 (October 1, 1996): 233–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2281.1996.tb01856.x.
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AbstractThe vitae of the 12th-century popes and other literary sources contain references to reception ceremonies performed to honour a pope arriving at Rome. For the papacy these events were a part of its imitatio imperii, a conscious imitation of the antique imperial ceremony of adventus, and an opportunity for the Romans to express their consent to papal rule. But detailed investigation reveals the hitherto unnoticed fact that these ceremonies almost invariably occurred at times of transition and upheaval such as when a papal election had been disrupted or contested, or after popular rebellion against papal rule. Under such circumstances adventus was performed as part of the process of reconciliation between the pope and the Romans.
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Hunt, John M. "Ritual Time and Popular Expectations of Papal Rule in Early Modern Rome." Explorations in Renaissance Culture 45, no. 1 (April 25, 2019): 29–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/23526963-04501003.
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The political and ritual life of early modern Rome provided its inhabitants ample opportunities not only to express grievances with papal government but also to voice expectations of newly elected pontiffs. Three ritual moments in particular—each linked as a cycle related to the pope’s reign—looked toward the future. These were the papal election, the possesso (the newly elected pontiff’s procession to San Giovanni in Laterano), and the pope’s death. As the papal election commenced in the conclave, Romans communicated their hopes for a pontiff who would adhere to a traditional moral economy by keeping the city abundantly supplied with grain and other foodstuffs. The ceremonies connected to the possesso reinforced these concerns; during the pope’s procession from Saint Peter’s to San Giovanni, the people greeted him with placards, statues, and ritual shouts, which reminded him to uphold this sacred duty. A pope who failed to abide by this moral economy faced popular discontent. This took the form of murmuring and pasquinades that wished for his imminent death, thus anticipating an end to his odious reign and to the future freedoms of the vacant see, a time in which the machinery of papal government and justice halted, allowing the people to vocalize their anger. Immediately on the heels of the pope’s death came the papal election, starting the cycle anew. This paper will argue that the rhythms of papal government enabled the people to articulate their expectations of papal rule, both present and future, grounded in traditional paternalism.
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McKitterick, Rosamond. "The Popes as Rulers of Rome in the Aftermath of Empire, 476–769." Studies in Church History 54 (May 14, 2018): 71–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/stc.2017.5.
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This article explores the degree to which the rule and style of the bishops of Rome after the deposition of the last Roman emperor in the West in 476 had any imperial elements, in the light of the evidence contained within the Liber pontificalis. Papal rule in Rome was cast as a replacement of imperial rule in religious matters, an opportunity for the bishop to assume political responsibility and also a deliberate emulation of imperial behaviour. This is manifest above all in the textual record in the Liber pontificalis of the papal embellishment of Rome, and in the physical evidence of the extant basilicas of the city. The deliberately imperial elements of papal self-presentation and the importance of Rome's primacy, apostolic succession and orthodoxy, all articulated so emphatically within the Liber pontificalis, indicate the multitude of strands by which the papacy wove the fabric of its own imperium or power.
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Monticelli, Cecilia, Andrea Balbo, Carmela Vaccaro, Maria Teresa Gulinelli, and Gian Luca Garagnani. "Archaeometric study on minting dies produced under papal rule in Ferrara." Applied Physics A 113, no. 4 (May 8, 2013): 1029–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00339-013-7731-2.
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Ene, Ionel. "Sfântul Benedict de Nursia. Impactul vieții și regulilor sale asupra civilizației europene de astăzi." Teologie și educație la "Dunărea de Jos" 17 (June 12, 2019): 347–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.35219/teologie.2019.15.
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St. Benedict of Nursia was organizer of Western monasticism, born in 480 in Nursia – Ombria, Italy today and passed away in 547, at Monte – Casino near Rome. Influenced by the monastic rules of St. Basil the Great and spiritual conversations of St. John Cassian, St. Benedict organized Western monasticism, requiring a specific discipline and ascetic life. Rule monks, such work is called St. Benedict of Nursia is more a treatise on life than a regulation or rule. Ninth century Benedict of Aniane reformulating Rule monks of Western monasticism shifted to the sacred, to the detriment of practice or work and founded the Benedictine order. The fruit of this way of life was the birth monastery Cluny monastery, which was to play an important role in Western monastic life and papal history. Numerous Benedictine monasteries scattered around the world have played and still play an important role in the history and culture of the Church and beyond.
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Kertzer, David I. "The lost cause: failed French ultimata and the restoration of papal rule in Rome in 1849." Journal of Modern Italian Studies 22, no. 5 (October 20, 2017): 555–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1354571x.2017.1389519.
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Ocker, Christopher. "Augustine, Episcopal Interests, and the Papacy in Late Roman Africa." Journal of Ecclesiastical History 42, no. 2 (April 1991): 179–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002204690000004x.
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The bishops of Roman Africa vacillated in their relations with the papacy in the three decades preceding the Vandal invasion and, more specifically, during the papacies of Innocent, Zosimus, Boniface, and Coelestine. Theyseemed grossly inconsistent, first praising papal authority, then curbing its ability to influence African jurisdiction. In synodal letters of 416 associated with the Pelagian controversy, the bishops exalted Roman authority, even ascribing to the pope a ‘greate dignity’ and a ‘special gift of grace’. An additional private letter of five African bishops contrasted the African ‘brook’ with the Roman ‘spring’. Augustine also acknowledged the special authority of Rome. These were no mere effusions of polite speech. The Africans intended to sway a papal hand in their campaign against Pelagius and his supporters by seeking papal approbation of their condemnations of Pelagianism. The Council of Sardica and Roman law had earlier granted the papacy the authority to function as a ‘court of appeals’ in the Western Church. Accordingly, Innocent responded to the African bishops with a condemnation of the heresy, however equivocal in points of doctrine, dramatically clothed in the style of imperial rescript. Boniface and Coelestine soon provided official approbation of African canons issued in 418 at the Council of Carthage, and Augustine and subsequent popes regarded this as the proof of a consistent papal position in support of African doctrine, leaving Zosimus' temporary exoneration of Pelagius and Caelestius the unsuccessful exception to the rule.
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Canning, Joseph. "A State Like Any Other? The Fourteenth-Century Papal Patrimony Through The Eyes of Roman Law Jurists." Studies in Church History. Subsidia 9 (1991): 245–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143045900001976.
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In the fourteenth century, and notably under Cardinal Albornoz, the papal patrimony began its uneven development into a form of early modern state. As Paolo Prodi has pointed out, these early stages, although interrupted by retrogression caused by the Great Schism, served as the foundations for the construction of the state of the Renaissance papacy. In reality, the popes exercised sovereignty in a state whose origin and nature were essentially temporal: to this extent their regnum was no different from those of secular monarchs. There was, however, a problem impeding the perception of the true nature of the growth of papal state power: a certain ambiguity hung over the papal lands in that the papacy justified its rule both by hierocratic arguments and by reference to grants of jurisdiction from emperors and kings. The spiritual office of the popes could obscure the fact of the kind of state of which they were the sovereign. In the works of the fourteenth-century Commentators on the Roman law, however, there gradually emerged a clear recognition of the direction which the papacy was taking: that the Patrimony of St Peter was no more and no less than a state created by human institution.
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Coureas, Nicholas. "The Greek Church in Latin and Venetian Cyprus 1191–1570." Perspektywy Kultury 35, no. 4 (December 30, 2021): 55–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.35765/pk.2021.3504.05.
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The Greek Church faced considerable problems following the Latin Conquest of Cyprus and the establishment of the Lusignan dynasty. Much of its property was impounded by the new Latin rulers, in the 1220s its bishoprics were reduced to four, with each bishop subject to a Latin diocesan. Under the provisions of the Bulla Cypria of 1260 it accepted papal primacy and ceased to have its own archbishop following the death of Germanos. Limits were placed on the numbers of monks in Greek monasteries and the refusal of Greek monks to accept the validity of Latin unleavened communion bread resulted in the martyrdom of 13 of them in 1231. Despite this, however, the Greek Church overcame these challenges and even strengthened its position in the later Lusignan and Venetian periods. Several reasons explain its ability to survive and maintain the allegiance of most of the population. The small number of Latins on Cyprus, concentrated mainly in the towns of Nicosia and Famagusta, made them fear absorption into the far more numerous Greeks and so disposed to tolerate a Greek Uniate Church that formally accepted papal primacy. The great distance separating Cyprus from Rome and Avignon together with increasing absenteeism among the Latin clergy from the later fourteenth century onwards made it impossible to enforce papal directives. The growing Ottoman threat from the late fifteenth century onwards likewise made the Venetian authorities on Cyprus reluctant to implement papal rulings that would anger the Greek majority. In addition, the Greek Church of Cyprus maintained contact with the Greek patriarchates of Constantinople, Antioch and Alexandria, all outside the areas under Latin rule, and so was not isolated from the Orthodox Christians subject to the patriarch of Constantinople.
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Nederman, Cary J. "The Puzzling Case of Christianity and Republicanism: A Comment on Black." American Political Science Review 92, no. 4 (December 1998): 913–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2586312.
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Antony Black argues that Christian republicanism was one of the discourses at work in framing the history of Western republican thought. But he neglects to confront the theoretically unique character of the Christian approach to republican institutions. First, Christian republicanism derived from more general beliefs about the divinely ordained organic structure of the universe. Second, it evinced no necessary hostility toward monarchic rule; indeed, quite to the contrary, its cosmological premise of organic hierarchy supported the office of the king (whether papal or secular). Once these elements of Christian republicanism are supplied, the medieval contribution to the history of republican ideas takes on a complexion very different from that described by Black.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Papal rule"
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Baškevičius, Saulius. "Veiklos taisyklių struktūrizavimo pagal modifikuotą R. Roso metodą tyrimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20060526_105150-16866.
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The master work presents the modified Ross method-based model for business rules structuring during the information systems design as well as a software implementation of this model. The developed tool provides the designer with possibilities to create graphical business rules models, relating them with the specific elements of universe of discourse data model. The models are then processed and stored in a specialized repository. The presentation includes the overview of the model as well as the analysis of the specific features of the developed tool.
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Lima, Danilo Pereira. "Legalidade e autoritarismo: o papel dos juristas na consolidação da Ditadura Militar de 1964." Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2018. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/7172.
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Nenhuma
Nenhum regime político autoritário sobrevive sem instrumentos jurídicos que organizem a aplicação de seus atos de exceção. Apesar dos governos militares terem se constituído por meio de um golpe civil-militar que destituiu o presidente João Goulart, durante os vinte e um anos de ditadura os generais que ocuparam a presidência da República jamais abandonaram a necessidade de dar aparência de Estado de Direito ao regime autoritário, sempre contando com o prestimoso verniz jurídico oferecido por seus juristas mais fiéis. Essa experiência autoritária exige uma análise sobre o papel desempenhado pelos juristas na construção de instrumentos normativos legitimadores da violência e da intolerância. Os juristas da ditadura assumiram a tarefa de organizar uma racionalidade jurídica destituída dos princípios que orientam o funcionamento do Estado de Direito, como a limitação do poder e a proteção das liberdades civis, políticas e sociais. No lugar de uma Constituição comprometida com o constitucionalismo, ajudaram a implantar uma engenharia constitucional fundamentada na doutrina de segurança nacional. Para realizar uma leitura crítica sobre a relação dos juristas com a ditadura militar, esta tese definiu sua análise em quatro momentos diferentes da atuação da comunidade jurídica, destacando a atividade “legislativa” daqueles que ajudaram a formular as leis e os atos de exceção; o trabalho teórico dos professores; a atividade judicial no âmbito do STF; e as ambiguidades dos advogados em relação ao Estado de exceção. O objetivo da tese é demonstrar que existiu uma cultura jurídica autoritária que influenciou a maior parte dos juristas durante a ditadura militar, sendo que essa postura se apoiou numa concepção instrumentalista do direito, que primeiramente autorizou o rompimento com a Constituição de 1946, para logo depois ajudar a definir uma engenharia constitucional autoritária que durante toda a ditadura militar serviu para dar uma certa aparência de Estado de Direito para os atos de exceção praticados pelos donos do poder. É claro que esse movimento não ocorreu sem rachaduras e, por isso mesmo, ao longo de toda a pesquisa também se destaca a atuação de juristas que romperam com a ditadura e passaram a condenar publicamente os atos de exceção. Contudo, apesar dos importantes casos de resistência no âmbito da comunidade jurídica, ainda assim é possível sustentar que uma cultura jurídica autoritária favoreceu uma maior conivência dos juristas com a exceção, contribuindo, assim, para o esfacelamento do Estado de Direito durante os anos de ditadura militar. Toda a análise crítica sobre essa relação dos juristas com a ditadura foi desenvolvida sob o marco teórico da Crítica Hermenêutica do Direito, de Lenio Streck.
No authoritarian regime survives without legal instruments that are capable of organising the application of their acts of exception. Even though the military regime in Brazil was constituted through a civil-military coup d’état that overthrew the President João Goulart, the generals that took office never abandoned the idea of making the authoritarian regime look like a state under the rule of law during the twenty-one years of dictatorship. Its most loyal jurists always provided this very specific kind of “legal mask”. Such an authoritarian experience calls for an analysis of the role of the legal scholars in the construction of normative instruments that legitimate violence and intolerance. The dictatorship jurists took over the role of organising a new form of legal theory, free of many principles that conduct a state under the rule of law, such as the limitations of power and the protection of civil, political and social liberties. Instead of a Constitution committed to the very idea of constitutionalism, they helped implementing a Constitution under the doctrine of national security. In order to analyse the relation of Brazilian jurists with the military regime, this thesis defined its focus in four different moments of the legal community. These are the “legislative” roles of those who helped in law making and the acts of exception; the theoretical work of the professors; the judicial activity in the Brazilian Supreme Court; and the ambiguities of the lawyers regarding the State of Exception. This work seeks to demonstrate that during the military regime an authoritarian legal culture influenced most of the Brazilian jurists. It was an instrumentalist view of law, influenced by this authoritarian legal culture, that first authorised the rupture with the 1946 Constitution and inaugurated a new authoritarian-constitutional logic, making it look like the acts of exception of those in power were all under the rule of law. This work also aims to highlight the jurists that actually did not support the dictatorship and publicly condemned the acts of exception. However, despite all the important episodes of resistance within the legal community, it is still possible to affirm that an authoritarian legal culture favoured the connivance of many jurists, contributing to the weakening of the rule of law during the years of military dictatorship. All of the critical analysis in the thesis was developed under the approach of Lenio Streck’s Hermeneutical Critique of Law.
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Ferreira, Maria Cecília Máximo Teodoro. "Crise do Estado social e o papel do juiz na efetivação de direitos trabalhistas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2138/tde-21062011-154129/.
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A presente pesquisa partiu da constatação de que as transformações pelas quais passa o mundo geram conseqüências em todos os ramos do conhecimento. O estudo foca as mudanças econômicas, filosóficas, sociais e políticas e seus efeitos na prestação da tutela jurisdicional, notadamente no que se refere aos direitos trabalhistas. Assim, inicia demonstrando os contornos do Estado liberal de direito, passa pelo Estado social e chega à crise desse Estado de bem-estar social. A principal apreensão feita em cada capítulo se refere ao modo como o juiz desempenhou suas funções na efetivação dos direitos trabalhistas, para compreender seu papel no Estado da atualidade. A partir da década de 1970 inicia-se a referida crise do modelo de Estado social. Isso ocorre em razão da intensificação do liberalismo, agora neoliberalismo, pela reestruturação produtiva pela qual os países passam, pela globalização e pela formação de uma sociedade de massas. Além disso, tem início um franco processo de tentativa de desregulamentação e flexibilização dos direitos trabalhistas, bem como de diminuição da importância do Estado. Por tais razões, buscamos defender a importância de o magistrado conhecer a realidade em que atua, a fim de entendê-la e inserir-se no contexto de vida dos jurisdicionados. Dessa forma, cremos que será possível maior amplitude de efetivação dos direitos trabalhistas. Os instrumentos utilizados pelo juiz são encontrados dentro do próprio ordenamento jurídico e são justificados pela adequada e profunda fundamentação das decisões. De fato, buscamos mostrar que o juiz pode utilizar-se de mecanismos simples disponibilizados pelo próprio sistema jurídico, ou advindos da criatividade jurídica, para realizar sua função social. Interpretar e aplicar o direito de forma vinculada ao contexto histórico no qual se inserem as partes da demanda. Com esta finalidade é que a tese caminha por essa evolução da filosofia, da sociedade, da política, da economia, da ciência do direito e da própria aplicação do direito ao caso concreto. Enfim, pretende-se demonstrar que a qualidade da prestação jurisdicional e o nível de efetivação dos direitos trabalhistas em tempos de crise do Estado estão intimamente ligados à qualificação ética, intelectual e humana dos juízes, que devem adotar uma posição ativa no desempenho de suas funções. Ativo, porém, no sentido de o juiz estar preparado para extrair do ordenamento jurídico o que é juridicamente válido para fundamentar suas decisões e efetivar os direitos trabalhistas.This survey came out of the realization that the changes the world undergoes affect all areas of knowledge. The paper concentrates on economical, philosophical, social and political changes and their effects in the temporary relief, specifically in relation to the labor laws. Thus, it starts displaying the outline of the liberal rule of law; it goes through the social State and gets to the crisis of this social welfare State. The major concern in each section regards the way the justice performed his functions in bringing about the labor rights, as a means of understanding his role in the State today. As of the 1970s, the aforementioned crisis of the social State model is formed. This is due to the enhancement of liberalism, currently referred to as neo-liberalism, to the productive restructuring that has affected most countries, to the globalization and the formation of a mass society. Aside from that, one can perceive the birth of a clear process that aims at experiencing deregulation and flexibility of labor laws and the loss of importance of the State. Therefore, we aim at defending how important it is for the Justice to be familiar with the reality on which his work is grounded, so he can understand it and include it in the context of the partys life. Therefore, we believe that it will be possible to reach broader effectiveness of the labor rights. The legal tools used by justices will be found within the legal system itself and find grounds on the appropriate and profound basis of decisions. In fact, we aim at showing that the justice can make use of simple mechanisms that are available within the legal system itself, or of those derived from the legal creativity, to accomplish his social role. To interpret and use the right linked with the historical context containing parts of the demand. Aiming at this purpose, the thesis moves through this evolution of the philosophy, society, politics, economics, legal science and of the own application of the Law to the concrete case. At last, we intend to show that the quality of the legal service and the level of effectiveness of the labor rights during State crisis are closely connected to the ethical, intellectual and human qualification of the justices who should chose to adopt an active position on the development of their functions. We say active, however, in the sense that the justice should be prepared to extract from the legal disposition, which is legally enforceable to ground his decisions and to effect the labor laws.
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Oliveira, Patrícia Maria de 1968. "O papel das interações sociais em escolares na elaboração de estratégias no jogo Quoridor." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/319180.
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Orientador: Rosely Palermo BrenelliDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação
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Resumo: A presente pesquisa, fundamentada na Teoria da Epistemologia Genética de Jean Piaget quanto aos conceitos de interação social, tem como objetivo verificar a influência da interação social na elaboração de condutas no jogo de regras Quoridor em alunos do Ensino Fundamental I de diferentes idades e níveis de escolaridade. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa que busca caracterizar os níveis de conduta apresentados no jogo pelos alunos estudados e compará-los em duas situações de jogo: individual e grupal. Foram selecionados para esta pesquisa 39 alunos, que frequentaram as classes de 1º, 3º e 5º anos, sendo 13 alunos de cada ano escolar de uma escola particular estabelecida no município de Campinas, interior do Estado de São Paulo. Dos 13 alunos de cada ano escolar, foram sorteados 4 para participar da situação individual (N=12) e 9 para a situação grupal (N=27). A situação grupal se constituiu em nove grupos distintos, sendo três compostos por alunos da mesma classe e seis grupos compostos por alunos de diferentes classes, havendo predominância de um desses, na proporção de dois participantes da mesma classe. A coleta de dados foi realizada na própria escola em três encontros que tiveram duração média de 40 minutos cada um e se caracterizaram em: 1º encontro, três partidas para a aprendizagem do jogo, 2º encontro, três partidas com apresentação de situações-problema e 3º encontro, duas partidas do jogo. Para a análise dos dados foram considerados três níveis de condutas de jogo que apresentam as características fundamentais dos procedimentos empregados pelos participantes quanto à Compreensão das Regras, Antecipação e Construção de Estratégias. A análise estatística dos resultados obtidos apontou que não foram encontradas diferenças significativas entre as situações individual e grupal para a compreensão (p-valor=0,304), antecipação (p-valor=0,114), estratégias (p-valor=0,260) e pontuação (p-valor=0,200). Foi utilizado o teste não paramétrico de Mann-Whitney nas comparações. O teste não paramétrico de Kruskall-Wallis seguido do procedimento de comparações múltiplas de Dunn revelou que na conduta de Compreensão das Regras do jogo, a pontuação dos alunos do 3º ano na situação individual foi superior comparado ao 1º ano (p-valor=0,036) e 5º ano (p-valor=0,082) e dos alunos do 5º ano em situação grupal foi superior comparado ao 1º ano (p-valor=0,002); na conduta de Antecipação, a pontuação em situação individual foi superior para o 5º ano comparado com o 1º ano (p-valor=0,026) e 3º ano (p-valor=0,057) e na situação grupal a pontuação também foi significativamente superior para o 5º ano em relação ao 1º ano (p-valor=0,002) e 3º ano (p-valor=0,047) e na conduta de Construção de Estratégias, a pontuação do 3º ano foi superior comparado com o 1º ano (p-valor=0,039) na situação individual e superior para o 5º ano comparado com o 1º ano (p-valor=0,002) e 3º ano comparado com o 1º ano (p-valor=0,049) na situação grupal. A análise qualitativa realizada possibilitou apontar que para alguns sujeitos da pesquisa a situação grupal favoreceu a melhor compreensão do jogo Quoridor por possibilitar a ocorrência do conflito sócio cognitivo e provocar a construção de condutas mais eficientes à partir da interação social. O uso do jogo de regras constitui uma situação de desafio em que o sujeito é solicitado a agir, quando há uma perturbação sentida por ele, que ao ser compensada, resulta em progresso
Abstract: This current research, based on the Theory of Genetic Epistemology by Jean Piaget on the concepts of social interaction, has as its goal the verification of the influence of social interaction on the elaboration of conducts in the game of rules Quoridor in elementary school students from different ages and levels of schooling. This is a qualitative study that seeks to characterize the levels of conduct presented in the game by the students studied and compare them in two situations on game: individual and group. There were selected for this study 39 students that have attended classes in the 1st, 3rd, and 5th grades of school, being 13 students from each school year in a private school established in the city of Campinas, in the state of São Paulo. Of the 13 students from each school year, 4 were selected to participate in the individual game situation (N=12) and 9 were selected to participate in the group situation (N=27). The group situation is constituted in nine distinct groups, being three of them composed by students from the same class and six of them composed by students from different classes; there being the predominance of one of these, in the proportion to two participants of the same class. The data collection was performed in the same school on three moments that had average duration of 40 minutes each and characterized themselves in: 1st moment, three game matches so as to learn the game; 2nd moment, three game matches with the presentation of the problem situations; and 3rd moment, two game matches. For the data analysis there were considered three levels of game conducts that feature the fundamental characteristics of the procedures used by the participants on the Comprehension of Rules, Anticipation and Construction of Strategies. The statistical analysis of the results obtained has pointed that there weren¿t any significant differences between the individual and the group situations for the comprehension (p-value=0,304), anticipation (p-value=0,114), strategies (p-value=0,260) and punctuation (p-value=0,200). The nonparametric Mann-Whitney test was used for the comparisons. The nonparametric Kruskall-Wallis test followed by the multiple comparisons procedure of Dunn revealed that in the conduct of Comprehension of the Rules of the game, the punctuation of the students of the 3rd grade on the individual situation was superior compared to the 1st grade (p-value=0,026) and 5th grade (p-value=0,082) and the 5th grade students in group situation was superior compared to the 1st grade (p-value=0,002); in the conduct of Anticipation, the punctuation in individual situation was superior for the 5th grade compared to the 1st grade (p-value=0,026) and 3rd grade (p-value=0,057) and in the group situation the punctuation was also significantly superior for the 5th year when compared to the 1st year (p-value=0,002) and 3rd year (p-value=0,047) and in the conduct of Construction of Strategies, the punctuation of the 3rd grade was superior compared to the 1st grade (p-value=0,039) in the individual situation and superior for the 5th grade compared to the 1st grade (p-value=0,002) and 3rd grade compared to the 1st grade (p-value=0,049) in the group situation. The used qualitative analysis allowed to point out that for some subjects of the research the group situation favored the best comprehension of the game Quoridor by allowing the occurrence of social cognitive conflicts and causing the construction of more efficient conducts from the social interaction. The use of the game of rules constitutes a challenging situation in which the subject is asked to act when there is a disturbance felt by him, that being compensated to, results in progress
Mestrado
Psicologia Educacional
Mestra em Educação
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Canado, Vanessa Rahal. "Legalidade tributária e decisão judicial: desmistificando o modelo civil law e recolocando o papel da jurisprudência para regulação de condutas no direito tributário brasileiro." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2014. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/6369.
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Previous issue date: 2014-02-20The objective of this thesis is to demonstrate the role of the judicial decisions for regulating paying taxes behavior, from the diagnosis of the fallibility of the positive law (statutes). The impossibility of the general and abstract rules, the distinctive characteristic of civil law, to instruct adequately the paying taxes behavior, conduct to judicial decisions the role of defining the existence of tax obligations (as typically occurs in common law systems). A critical analysis of the main characteristics of civil law allows demystify some perceptions that prevent this appreciation of the judicial decisions, especially that the statutes would be the primary source and the judicial decision has a secondary role. From the observation of the role of judicial decisions to ensure the Rule of Law for tax purposes, even in civil law countries, we propose a new concept of Regra-Matriz de Incidência Tributária the essential rule designed for paying taxes which takes into account not only the general and abstract rules from statutes but also those statements from judicial decisions. This perspective aims to propose a more precise standard for paying taxes behavior and, therefore, a more effective idea of Rule of Law for tax purposes. It is necessary to warn that it is not any judicial decision that is able to integrate the set of statements of the tax incidence rule (Regra-Matriz de Incidência Tributária). For the judicial decision to be able to collaborate to establish general standards of paying taxes behavior they must be final and the Courts must be committed to binding prior understandings, as it occurs in common law countries
O objetivo desta tese é demonstrar o papel da jurisprudência para regulação de condutas no direito tributário, a partir do diagnóstico de falibilidade do direito positivo. A impossibilidade de as normas gerais e abstratas, características do civil law, informarem de forma suficiente a conduta a ser seguida, desloca para as decisões judiciais (como tipicamente ocorre no sistema common law) o papel de delimitar a existência das obrigações tributárias. A análise crítica das principais características do civil law permite desmistificar algumas percepções que impedem essa valorização da decisão judicial, especialmente a de que a lei seria fonte primária, tendo a jurisprudência um papel secundário. A partir da constatação do papel fundamental das decisões judiciais para garantia da legalidade tributária, mesmo nos países de civil law, propomos uma nova concepção de Regra-Matriz de Incidência Tributária, que leva em consideração não só os enunciados prescritivos das normas gerais e abstratas, mas também aqueles presentes na jurisprudência. Essa perspectiva tem o objetivo de propor uma norma de conduta mais precisa e, com isso, uma ideia de legalidade tributária mais efetiva. É necessário alertar que não é qualquer decisão judicial que está apta a integrar-se aos enunciados de normas gerais e abstratas. Para que a jurisprudência seja capaz de colaborar na delimitação de normas gerais de conduta tem de ser ela colhida de tribunais superiores e deve haver comprometimento de vinculação de entendimentos anteriores ao julgamento de casos posteriores, assim como ocorre nos países de common law
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Santos, Fabiano Silva dos. "O papel do Estado na regulação dos investimentos das entidades fechadas de previdência complementar." Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2015. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/1174.
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Previous issue date: 2015-12-15Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie
This study aims to evaluate the State role in investment regulation of the private entities of complementary pension. The control of pension resource investment process has as propose maintain funds liquidity and ensure the future payment of pension contracted by the participants. The pension funds are overseen by National Superintendence of Complementary Pension (PREVIC) and should have enough internal controls and governance to avoid actuarial deficit in the benefit plans that manage, the corporate governance. The private pension system is managed by entities whose purpose is implant and execute the benefit plans, considering the investment policy the main bond of the negotiation process, it s in the policy that becomes stablished the guideline fallowed by everyone included in the investment. The main technical features and procedures commented above have relevant normative regulation, especially Complementary Law n. 109/2001, Resolution CMN n. 3.792/2009 e Resolution CGPC n. 13/2004. Moreover, will be analyzed different segments of investments, included fixed income, variable income, structured investments, real estate and operations with participants, in addition to your legal limitations. The State will act throughout the private pension system, regulating, coordinating and supervising activities, seeking, in this way, a balance between economic and social.
O presente estudo pretende analisar o papel do Estado na regulação dos investimentos das entidades fechadas de previdência complementar. O controle do processo de aplicação dos recursos previdenciários tem como finalidade preservar a liquidez e o pagamento do benefício futuro. Os fundos de pensão são fiscalizados pela Superintendência Nacional de Previdência Complementar (PREVIC) e devem possuir controles internos suficientes para evitar déficit atuarial nos planos de benefício que administram, a partir da governança corporativa. O regime de previdência privada é operado por entidades que têm por objetivo principal instituir e executar os planos de benefícios previdenciários, observando a política de investimentos enquanto linha condutora do processo negocial de investimento, uma vez que é nela que se registram as diretrizes observadas por todos aqueles que participam do processo decisório de investimento. As características e os procedimentos acima descritos possuem regulação normativa relevante, com destaque para a Lei Complementar nº 109/2001, a Resolução CMN nº 3.792/2009 e a Resolução CGPC nº 13/2004. Além disso, serão analisados, ainda, neste trabalho, os diferentes segmentos de investimentos, quais sejam: a renda fixa, a renda variável, as operações com participação, os investimentos imobiliários e os investimentos estruturados, bem como as limitações para suas alocações. O Estado irá atuar em todo o sistema de previdência complementar, disciplinando, coordenando e supervisionando as atividades, a fim de buscar o equilíbrio entre o econômico e o social.
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Costa, Anderson Sarmento da. "A fundamentação da decisão judicial sob à égide do estado constitucional brasileiro: uma compreensão hermenêutica e o papel do processo na construção democrática do(no) direito." Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2013. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/3892.
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As reflexões delineadas no presente trabalho, tem como escopo demonstrar, em linhas gerais, a partir de uma análise histórica das Teorias do Estado, da Constituição e do Processo, a evolução do Direito nas mais variadas formas, com atenção especial ao papel e atuação do Poder Judiciário. Nessa atual quadra da história, a atividade jurisdicional vem proporcionando inúmeros (e imensos) debates pela comunidade jurídica no sentido de fazer cumprir a Constituição, efetivar e concretizar os direitos fundamentais, como por exemplo, a tramitação razoável do processo e, mais especificamente, no que diz respeito ao protagonismo das decisões judiciais que são proferidas. A investigação, de forma objetiva e específica, passa pelo estudo da linguagem, não apenas como um instrumento de comunicação, mas, como fator preponderante e integrante do próprio pensamento e conhecimento da humanidade, a qual, fundamentalmente, vem assentada nas matrizes da filosofia e da hermenêutica. Isso implica dizer que o Direito não é mais simplesmente aquilo que o intérprete quer que seja de maneira isolada (solipsista), pelo contrário, a proposta aqui defendida percorre no sentido de compreender o Direito dentro da integridade e coerência de Ronald Dworkin. Dito com outras palavras, nas pegadas de Lenio Luiz Streck, não há mais espaço para subjetivismo do julgador e, portanto, uma compreensão hermenêutica se faz necessária para que se tenham respostas fundamentadas a partir desse (novo) paradigma que é o Estado Democrático de Direito. Com isso, a pesquisa perpassa pela interpretação do Direito, especialmente, pelas conquistas no campo da filosofia hermenêutica e da hermenêutica filosófica que muito contribuíram de maneira significativa para o fenômeno da viragem ontológica linguística, as quais foram lançadas para dentro da hermenêutica jurídica. De modo que, no campo processual o mínimo que se exige é a garantia de um procedimento ancorado nas prerrogativas e nos princípios constitucionais, evidentemente, adaptado à realidade social, sem deixar de lado a questão da fundamentação da decisão. Por fim, com base no fundamento constitucional da democracia e nos direitos fundamentais, evidencia-se a necessidade de uma filtragem hermenêutica (quando) no momento da decisão para a efetiva e correta prestação jurisdicional.
The considerations outlined in this study were scoped to demonstrate, from a general historical analysis of the State-Constitution-Process Theory, the evolution of the Law in various ways, with special attention to the role of the Courts. In current history, the judicial activity has provided numerous (and intense) debates by the legal community in order to apply the Constitution, objectify and achieve the fundamental rights, such as the reasonable conduction of the process and, more specifically, regarding the role of judicial decisions that are made. The research, in an objective and specific method, goes through the study of language, not just as a communication tool, but as a major factor and a supporter of own thinking and knowledge of humankind, which, fundamentally, is settled in the matrices of philosophy and hermeneutics. This implies that the Law is not simply what the interpreter wants in an isolated form (solipsistic), on the contrary, the proposal in this study is about the understanding of the Law in terms of integrity and consistency as the ones exposed by Ronald Dworkin. In other words, following some Lenio Luiz Streck`s ideas, there is no more room for subjectivity of the judge and, therefore, a hermeneutic understanding is necessary in order to have reasoned response from that (new) paradigm that is the democratic State based on the rule of law. Hence, the research goes through the interpretation of the Law, especially the achievements in the field of hermeneutic philosophy and philosophical hermeneutics, which have significantly contributed to the phenomenon of linguistic ontological turnaround. The former was recorded onto the legal hermeneutics, then. In the bureaucratic field, the minimum required is the guarantee of a procedure anchored in the prerogatives and constitutional principles, adapted to social reality, without putting aside the point of the decision reasons. Finally, based on the constitutional principle of democracy and fundamental rights, this paper highlights the need of a constitutional-hermeneutic filtering at the moment of decision for the effective and proper adjudication.
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Pranevičienė, Kristina. "Jurisdikcijos nustatymo taisyklės ir jų taikymas bylose dėl tėvų pareigų vaikams pagal Tarybos Reglamentą (EB) Nr. 2201/2003 (Briuselis IIA)." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140620_091154-07529.
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Daktaro disertacija parengta tėvų atsakomybės vaikams tematika. Jurisdikcijos taisyklės, bendrosios nuostatos ir jų taikymas bylose dėl tėvų pareigų vaikams pagal Reglamentą Briuselis IIa yra pagrindinės problemos, patenkančios į empirinio tyrimo sritį. Disertacijoje pateikiama Europos Sąjungos Teisingumo Teismo praktikos analizė, o taip pat Lietuvos Respublikos bei kai kurių kitų Europos Sąjungos valstybių narių teismų praktikos analizė. Disertacinio tyrimo objektas apima jurisdikcijos taisykles ir bendrąsias procesines nuostatas reglamentuojančią tarptautinės teisės ir Europos Sąjungos teisės aktų sistemą bylų dėl tėvų pareigų vaikams vykdymo, kurios turi Europos Sąjungos elementą, nagrinėjimui. Tyrimo tikslas – išanalizuoti Reglamento nuostatas, reglamentuojančias jurisdikcijos taisykles ginčams, kylantiems dėl tėvų pareigų vaikams vykdymo, spręsti, atskleisti jų autentiško aiškinimo problematiką, taip pat atlikti išsamią bendrųjų procesinių nuostatų tokiose kategorijose bylų analizę bei empiriškai nustatyti, ar Reglamento nuostatos yra pakankamos ir veikia efektyviai, o taip pat, ar Lietuvos Respublikos teisinis reguliavimas bei tiesioginio Europos Sąjungos teisės taikymo praktika, nagrinėjant šeimos bylas dėl tėvų pareigų vaikams vykdymo, atitinka Europos Sąjungos Teisingumo Teismo formuojamą praktiką. Pabaigoje pateikiami Reglamento bei nacionalinio teisinio reguliavimo tobulinimo pasiūlymai.Doctoral dissertation is devoted to the theme of parental responsibility. Rules of jurisdiction, common provisions and the application of them in parental responsibility cases under the Regulation Brussels IIa are main issues that fall within the scope of empirical research. The thesis produces a comprehensive analysis of the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union as well as the judicial practice of the national courts of the Republic of Lithuania and some other European countries. The object of the research encompasses the system of international and European instruments that regulate the rules of jurisdiction and common provisions for hearing parental responsibility cases that have European element. The goal of the research is to analyse the provisions of the Regulation, regulating the rules of jurisdiction for disputes arising in parental responsibility matters, also to reveal the problems of interpretation of these provisions and to fulfil a comprehensive analysis of common provisions that are applied in the above mentioned cases. Then to identify empirically if the provisions of the Regulation are sufficient and work effectively, and the national legislation, implementing the Regulation, and direct application of the Regulation is compatible with the aims of the European Union and the practice of the Court of Justice of the European Union. Finally, the proposals for the refinement of the Regulation text and national legislation are given.
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REINHARDT, Nicole. "Macht und Ohnmacht der Verflechtung: Rom und Bologna unter Paul Y :Studien zur fruehneuzeitlichen Mikropolitik im Kirchenstaat." Doctoral thesis, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5955.
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Defence date: 31 May 1997Examining board: Prof. Dr. Miroslav Hroc, EUI ; Prof. Dr. Michael Müller, Halle (supervisor) ; Prof. Dr. Paolo Prodi, Istituto Storico Italo-Germanico Trento ; Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Reinhard, Freiburg (external supervisor) ; Prof. Dr. Luise Schorn-Schütte, Potsdam
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digitised archive of EUI PhD theses completed between 2013 and 2017
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Custódio, Ana Margarida Cardoso. "A disciplina nos contextos de creche e jardim de infância: aprender a viver em conjunto." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/30784.
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O presente relatório, intitulado “A disciplina nos contextos de creche e jardim de
infância”, tem como principal objetivo entender como é promovida a disciplina nas salas
de creche e de jardim de infância, e desenvolver estratégias que, no futuro, me permitam
construir um ambiente educativo positivo e com vista à aprendizagem e desenvolvimento
das crianças.
No que diz respeito à metodologia, este estudo foi desenvolvido tendo como base a
investigação qualitativa, uma vez que pretende entender e analisar os fenómenos
educativos, relativos ao tema do projeto, observados nos contextos de creche e jardim de
infância. Para além disso, este projeto também se enquadra na metodologia de
investigação-ação, com vista a melhorar uma situação problema observada nestes
contextos.
Relativamente aos procedimentos e dispositivos de recolha de informação, foram
utilizados durante a realização deste projeto, a observação participante, as notas de
campo, as conversas informais e reflexões cooperadas, o registo fotográfico, a análise
documental e o questionário.This report, entitled "Discipline in the contexts of daycare and kindergarten", has as main objective to understand how discipline is promoted in the nursery and kindergarten rooms, and develop strategies that allow me in the future build a positive educational environment with a view to learning and developing children. With regard to the methodology, this study was developed based on qualitative research, since it intends to understand and analyze the educational phenomena related to the theme of the project, observed in the contexts of nersury and kindergarten. In addition, this project also falls within the research-action methodology, with a view to improving a problem situation observed in these contexts. Regarding procedures and information collection devices, were used during the implementation of this project, the participant observation, field notes, informal conversations and cooperative reflections, photographic registration, analysis, documentary and the questionnaire.
Books on the topic "Papal rule"
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Lubis, M. Sofyan. Pelanggaran Miranda rule, pasal 56 ayat 1 KUHP, dalam praktik peradilan. Yogyakarta: Liberty, 2003.
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Encuentro la Democratización, el Desarrollo Equitativo y el Papel de los Gobiernos Locales (1997 San José, Costa Rica). Relatoría del Encuentro la Democratización, el Desarrollo Equitativo y el Papel de los Gobiernos Locales. San José, Costa Rica: Fundación DEMUCA, 1997.
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Stilus - modus - usus: Regeln der Konflikt- und Verhandlungsführung am Papsthof des Mittelalters = rules of negotiation and conflict resolution at the papal court in the Middle Ages. Turnhout: Brepols, 2019.
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Vera, Tiesler, and Cucina Andrea 1966-, eds. Janaab' Pakal of Palenque: Reconstructing the life and death of a Maya ruler. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 2006.
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International Catholic Charismatic Renewal Service. "Then Peter stood up ...": Collections of the Popes' addresses to the CCR from its origin to the year 2000. Vatican City: ICCRS, 2000.
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The Processes of Politics and the Rule of Law: Studies on the Iberian Kingdoms and Papal Rome in the Middle Ages (Variorum Collected Studies Series, 741). Variorum, 2002.
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Morton, James. Byzantine Religious Law in Medieval Italy. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198861140.001.0001.
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This book is a historical study of these manuscripts, exploring how and why the Greek Christians of medieval southern Italy persisted in using them so long after the end of Byzantine rule. Southern Italy was conquered by the Norman Hauteville dynasty in the late eleventh century after over 500 years of continuous Byzantine rule. At a stroke, the region’s Greek Christian inhabitants were cut off from their Orthodox compatriots in Byzantium and became subject to the spiritual and legal jurisdiction of the Roman Catholic popes. Nonetheless, they continued to follow the religious laws of the Byzantine church; out of thirty-six surviving manuscripts of Byzantine canon law produced between the tenth and fourteenth centuries, the majority date to the centuries after the Norman conquest. Part I provides an overview of the source material and the history of Italo-Greek Christianity. Part II examines the development of Italo-Greek canon law manuscripts from the last century of Byzantine rule to the late twelfth century, arguing that the Normans’ opposition to papal authority created a laissez faire atmosphere in which Greek Christians could continue to follow Byzantine religious law unchallenged. Finally, Part III analyses the papacy’s successful efforts to assert its jurisdiction over southern Italy in the later Middle Ages. While this brought about the end of Byzantine canon law as an effective legal system in the region, the Italo-Greeks still drew on their legal heritage to explain and justify their distinctive religious rites to their Latin neighbours.
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book, Viktoria Wilhelm. Composition Notebook: Mens Promoted to Papaw 2019 for New Grandpas Papaw Gifts Journal/Notebook Blank Lined Ruled 6x9 100 Pages. Independently Published, 2020.
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book, Viktoria Wilhelm. Composition Notebook: Mens Papaw Grandpa Journal/Notebook Blank Lined Ruled 6x9 100 Pages. Independently Published, 2020.
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Janaab' Pakal of Palenque: Reconstructing the Life And Death of a Maya Ruler. University of Arizona Press, 2006.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Papal rule"
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Couderc, Christophe. "Sobre el papel de Lope de Vega en la construcción del relato nacional del clasicismo francés." In Studi e saggi, 23–39. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-150-1.4.
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This essay deals with an aspect of the formation process of the image of the Spanish Baroque theatre in France as an irregular and chaotic aesthetic form, which was also considered inferior with respect to the French classical model. In this theoretical construction, Lope de Vega embodies all of the Spanish theatre's flaws and, more generally, Hispanic literature's ones, in turn conceived as an expression of the Spanish nation’s spirit. This process of elaborating an image of an author at the service of the invention of a national stereotype is possible thanks to the early reception of some prose works by Lope (La Arcadia, El peregrino en su patria) which are enjoying a widespread diffusion in their translations. In a context marked by controversy surrounding the tragi-comédie, assimilated by his detractors to a simple theatrical deformation of novelistic material, Lope de Vega assumes the function of representative of a literature considered extraneous to any rule and to the separation between literary genres.
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Stow, Kenneth. "Under Papal Rule." In Anna and Tranquillo. Yale University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300219043.003.0007.
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This chapter considers how Tranquillo del Monte was aware that the Jewish reality of his contemporary Rome had no resemblance to that in places like France and the United States; nor that policies in the Papal State, especially conversionary ones, were sui generis. The discipline intended to break Roman Jews that had begun with Paul IV and peaked under Pius VI was having its effects. A variety of means was being used to bring the Roman Jewry to capitulate, such as the intentional weakening of their communal apparatus. From no later than the mid-seventeenth century, powers of internal self-discipline and governance were attacked. Lacking authorization for a formal rabbinic court, the Jews of Rome had cultivated self-governance by emphasizing and expanding the traditional practice of consensual arbitration and by adopting standardized forms of documentation created by Jewish notaries.
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"Papal/Anglo-Norman Negotiations." In Calixtus II (1119-1124): A Pope Born to Rule, 115–26. BRILL, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789047414117_012.
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"Textual Authority and Papal Authority in Angelo Clareno’s Rule Commentary." In Autorität und Wahrheit, 79–90. De Gruyter Oldenbourg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110446753-007.
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Zuccotti, Susan. "Pius XII and the Rescue of Jews in Italy: Evidence of a Papal Directive." In Jews in Italy under Fascist and Nazi Rule, 1922–1945, 287–308. Cambridge University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511471063.020.
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Coppa, Frank J. "The Papal Response to Nazi and Fascist Anti-Semitism: From Pius XI to Pius XII." In Jews in Italy under Fascist and Nazi Rule, 1922–1945, 265–86. Cambridge University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511471063.019.
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Baker, Don, and Franklin Rausch. "The Birth of the Korean Catholic Church." In Catholics and Anti-Catholicism in Choson Korea. University of Hawai'i Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21313/hawaii/9780824866266.003.0003.
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This chapter covers the beginning of organized interest in Catholic teachings and values, tracing who inspired the birth of a Catholic community in Korea. It then discusses the papal injunction against the use of spirit tablets in ancestor memorial services and how obedience to that rule from Rome necessitated disobeying the law in Korea. The result was the martyrdom of two early Catholics, which frightened many of the early yangban Catholics into leaving the church.
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Thier, Andreas. "Procedure and Hierarchy: Models of Episcopal Election in Late Antique Conciliar and Papal Rule making." In Episcopal Elections in Late Antiquity, edited by Johan Leemans, Peter Van Nuffelen, Shawn W. J. Keough, and Carla Nicolaye. Berlin, Boston: DE GRUYTER, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110268607.541.
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Morton, James. "Monastic Nomocanons I." In Byzantine Religious Law in Medieval Italy, 99–120. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198861140.003.0006.
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Chapter 5 explores how, following the restoration of relative peace and stability after the Norman conquest, several newly founded and important Italo-Greek monasteries developed their own independent legal jurisdictions on their own property. The chapter argues that the Normans’ opposition to papal and episcopal interference created a laissez-faire atmosphere in which Italo-Greek monks could continue to follow Byzantine canon law. Many such monasteries enjoyed the patronage of the Norman nobility throughout the late eleventh and twelfth centuries. These monasteries were responsible for producing the majority of surviving nomocanons from medieval southern Italy. It divides them into two broad categories: the royal archimandritates (monastic federations) of Rossano and Messina; and lesser archimandritates and autodespotic (independent) monasteries such as SS Elias and Anastasios of Carbone and St Nicholas of Casole. It observes that the production of a monastic nomocanon was closely linked to a monastery’s acquisition of legal privileges from the kings of Sicily, indicating that they were produced to meet a practical legal need and not simply out of academic curiosity. Lastly, the chapter asks how Italo-Greek monks under Norman rule perceived their relationship to papal jurisdiction, using the examples of Bartholomew of Grottaferrata’s comments on papal legislation and Neilos Doxapatres’ work on the Order of the Patriarchal Thrones to show that they still felt themselves to be a part of the legal sphere of the Patriarchate of Constantinople.
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West-Harling, Veronica. "A Tale of Three Cities." In Rome, Ravenna, and Venice, 750-1000, 39–107. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198754206.003.0002.
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After a brief recall of Italian history from late antiquity to 750, this chapter provides a city-by-city history from the end of the Exarchate to 1000. The history of Rome follows the Lombard crises and the end of Byzantine rule, Frankish/Carolingian domination, the events of the Kingdom of Italy, aristocratic rule, and the attempted Ottonian control over the city. Ravenna’s three narrative strands are the aftermath of the autocephaly conflict, the anti-papal policies of most archbishops throughout the Byzantine then Carolingian period, and lastly the renewed prestige of the city under the Ottonian emperors. For Venice, the narrative follows the origins (imagined and probable) of the city, its succession of ducal families, and its attempt always to create a balance between its official Byzantine dependence and its grounding in the north Adriatic space
Conference papers on the topic "Papal rule"
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Dias, Ualison, Eduardo Aguiar, Michel Hell, Alvaro Medeiros, and Daniel Silveira. "Self-Organizing Fuzzy Rule-Based Approach for Dealing with the Classification of Indoor Environments for IoT Applications." In Encontro Nacional de Inteligência Artificial e Computacional. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/eniac.2019.9356.
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Atualmente, grande parte dos sensores utilizados em Internet das Coisas adota tecnologia sem fio, a fim de facilitar a construção de redes de sensoriamento. Neste sentido, a classificação do tipo de ambiente no qual estes sensores estão localizados exerce um importante papel no desempenho de tais redes de sensoriamento, uma vez que pode ser utilizada na determinação de níveis mais eficientes de consumo de energia dos sensores que as compõe. Assim, neste trabalho é apresentada uma abordagem baseada em Classificadores Fuzzy Auto-organizáveis para a classificação de ambientes internos a partir de medições em tempo real do sinal de radiofrequência de uma rede de sensoriamento sem fio em um ambiente real. Os resultados experimentais apresentados mostram que a abordagem proposta obteve alto desempenho com baixo custo computacional na solução do problema apresentado.
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Correia, Luiz Henrique Andrade, Paulo Almeida, Gilson Miranda Júnior, and Raphael Winckler de Bettio. "RODOGE: Protocolo de disseminação de mensagens de alerta de acidentes com regras e controles de reenvio." In XXXVII Simpósio Brasileiro de Redes de Computadores e Sistemas Distribuídos. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/sbrc.2019.7365.
Full textAbstract:
A quinta geração de redes celulares (5G) propõe uma cobertura de comunicação infraestruturada para grandes áreas, proporcionando também altas taxas de dados, escalabilidade e baixa latência. As comunicações dispositivo a dispositivo (D2D) desempenharão um papel fundamental nas redes 5G, pois permitem a comunicação direta entre dispositivos com baixo grau de envolvimento das estações base. Essas redes poderão ser utilizadas nas Redes Veiculares (VANET-Vehicle Adhoc Networks), na qual os veículos são equipados com sistemas de comunicação entre veículos que executam desde aplicativos de entretenimento até segurança de tráfego. Entre as principais aplicações da VANET estão a detecção e prevenção de acidentes, que geralmente se baseiam na transmissão de mensagens de alerta em broadcast para outros veículos e para dispositivos de infraestrutura. Cada nó receptor também replica a mensagem de alerta, a fim de informar a situação a outros motoristas da região. O desafio nessas redes é reduzir a replicação descontrolada de mensagens, ou broadcast storm, que são geradas a partir da replicação de mensagens de alerta de acidentes. Este artigo propõe um protocolo para disseminação de mensagens de alerta com controle de replicação chamado RODOGE (Rules to prevent Over-Dissemination Of messaGEs). As regras e funções aplicadas pela RODOGE limitam a disseminação de mensagens por dispositivos móveis e de infraestrutura, evitando o problema de broadcast storm. O RODOGE foi testado e comparado com outros protocolos de disseminação de mensagens através de extensas simulações usando OMNeT++, SUMO e Veins com tráfego urbano e rodoviário. Os resultados mostram que o RODOGE reduz a quantidade de mensagens geradas e recebidas, evitando o broadcast storm e ainda mantendo uma área de cobertura de mensagens suficiente para permitir que os motoristas reajam a um evento.