To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Panel typology.
Journal articles on the topic 'Panel typology'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Panel typology.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Latuconsina, Zulfikar Mohamad Yamin. "Analisis Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Indeks Pembangunan Manusia Kabupaten Malang Berbasis Pendekatan Perwilayahan dan Regresi Panel." Journal of Regional and Rural Development Planning 1, no. 2 (June 30, 2017): 202. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jp2wd.2017.1.2.202-216.
Full textAbstract:
Regionalization approach is a kind of approach to manage and to achieve the development goals based on the characteristics of a region. The development system of Malang Regency is conducted through regionalization approach which divided the area into six Development Areas (WP). Furthermore, the typology of development area in Malang Regency can be divided into three typology (urban, peri-urban and rural). This research aims to analyze factors that influence the human development index (HDI) of Malang Regency based on regionalization approach and panel regression. Data panel regression method was used in analyzing the data. The results of the research showed variables that have a positive and significant influence to the human development index in each typology of development areas of Malang Regency consisting of the number of health facilities, the number of nurse-midwife and the population density in typology I (urban); the ratio of school per students at primary school and the population density in typology II (peri-urban); and the number of nurse-midwife in typology III (rural).
2
Amalia, Dini, and Nenik Woyanti. "The Effect of Business Unit, Production, Private Investment, and Minimum Wage on the Labor Absorption in the Large and Medium Industry 6 Provinces in Java Island." Media Ekonomi dan Manajemen 35, no. 2 (July 31, 2020): 206. http://dx.doi.org/10.24856/mem.v35i2.1550.
Full textAbstract:
Industry sectors in Java Island viewed as high productivity sector, therefore high value-added will be generated from the advantage of this industry that will eventually fastened the creation of economical prosperity. Large and medium Industry have potency to become the most contributed sector on labor absorption of manpower. The purpose of this study was to analyze mapping of Labor absorption in the large and medium industry using Klassen typology analysis and determine the effect of variable Large and Medium Industry, Production Value, Private Investment, and Regional Minimum Wage on employment large and medium industry 6 provinces in Java Island for years 2008-2017. This research is using Klassen Typology and Panel data analysis with Fixed Effect Model (FEM). The result of Klassen typology Analysis indicate, there are 2 provinces in Quadrant I, 1 province in Quadrant II, 1 province in Quadrant III, and 2 provinces in Quadrant IV. The Panel data result shows that Large and Medium Industrial unit and Private Investment have positive and significant impact, while Production Value and Regional Minimum Wage have positive and non significant impact on Labor absorption in the Large and Medium Industry 6 provinces in Java Island for years 2008-2017.
3
Venkadasalam, Saravanan. "An analytic hierarchy process (AHP) approach to training typology selection based on student perspective." Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Administration 7, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 140–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/apjba-04-2014-0050.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to distinguish the typology of marine education and training and explore the student preference of the best typology which develop their competencies. This paper will tabulate some recommendations for the marine education and training provider to further enhance their training. Design/methodology/approach – This research adopt and adapt the Satty’s analytic hierarchy process method to weight and rank the typology of training. A group of student who completed their study and currently works at operational level voluntarily participated in this survey. A pairwise matrix used to compute the weights within the typology of training. Findings – The outcome of the study shows that all typology of training are not equally weighted. The best typology of training was identified. Marine academicians drawn some recommendations. Research limitations/implications – The sample size may not appropriate for generalizable. The same study can be expandable to large size. Practical implications – The study was conducted at one marine education and training provider. A panel analysis required for framework development. Originality/value – The paper contributed some recommendation for the marine education and training provider on their operational strategy and initiative.
4
Lamere, Zakarias, Jen Tatuh, and Gene G. H, Kapantow. "KESENJANGAN PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI PROVINSI MALUKU." AGRI-SOSIOEKONOMI 12, no. 1A (March 13, 2016): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.35791/agrsosek.12.1a.2016.11708.
Full textAbstract:
This research is belongs to execute economic growth place clasification in Regency/City of Moluccas Province and to analysis economic imbalance in Moluccas Province. Analysis methood in this research use Klassen Typology, Williamson Index and Panel Data. Klassen Typology Analysis are use to vote the clasification of economic growth in every regency/city at Moluccas Provincy. Williamson Index Analysis are use to count economic imbalance rate in Moluccas Provincy. Panel Data is a bundle or a collected from time series (2006 - 2010) and data cross section (11 Regency/City), use to see many factors that made imbalance development in Moluccas Province. Klassen Typology Analysis research shown that just one area where looking forward and growth, it is Ambon City. Category area where looking suppressed in the develop process is Tual City, and prosperous area where are in down is Aru Regency, Centre Moluccas Regency, East Seram Regency, West Seram Regency, South Buru regency, S.W Moluccas Regency, S.E.W Moluccas Regency, Buru Regency, and South East Moluccas Regency. For Moluccas Province, Williamson Index in 2006 – 2010 scored at a stretch is 0, 5833; 0, 5660; 0, 6294; 0, 5883; 0, 5286. It indicates that there is a high imbalance of economic growth. Outcome panel data analysis shown that imbalance development that rate by IPM showed α = 5 percent in real by economic growth, work force growth, long road regency and real in α = 10 percent by long road province. To anticipate the imbalance in Moluccas Province that must have work force quality, high performance, and usefull for upgrading income per capita and economic growth, and so centre of economic growth must be explore to every regency/city so that economic activity not constructed at one area.
5
Khattab, Nabil. "How and when Do Educational Aspirations, Expectations and Achievement Align?" Sociological Research Online 19, no. 4 (December 2014): 61–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.3508.
Full textAbstract:
This paper proposes a new typology of educational aspirations, expectations and achievement. This typology is derived from combinations of aspirations, expectations and achievement, creating eight possible combinations of aligned and irregular profiles. To devise this new typology, data from the Longitudinal Study of Young People in England (LSYPE) panel survey and matching administrative data from the National Pupil Database (NPD) was utilised. These data were collected in 2004 from a sample of 15,770 young people (YP) aged 13 to 14 attending 647 different schools in England. This study demonstrates that aspirations, expectations and achievement do converge amongst some students; but for most young people they do not always intersect. Many young people succeed academically, but without necessarily developing high aspirations or high expectations. For one out of every five young people, high aspirations and high expectations do not lead to academic achievement. The findings in this paper provide a distinct analytical framework for further research and policy development in this area.
6
Madina, Mutia, and Muzdalifah M. "KETIMPANGAN PEMBANGUNAN EKONOMI REGIONAL KALIMANTAN." ECOPLAN : JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS AND DEVELOPMENT STUDIES 3, no. 1 (April 29, 2020): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/ecoplan.v3i1.79.
Full textAbstract:
Abstrack- This research was conducted to (1) Know the economic development in Kalimantan region from 2011 to 2018; (2) Analyze the effect of regional share, proportional shift, and competitive shift on inequality in economic development. The data analysis technique used are: the first, Klassen typology analysis as a descriptive approach, and the second, the panel data regression analysis with random effect model estimation as a quantitative research approach. This research uses secondary data. Klassen's typological analysis showed the results that not all the provinces have positive growth every year. The analysis of panel data regression showed the results that the regional share and the competitive shift do not affect the development disparities which occurred in Kalimantan. Meanwhile, the proportional shifts affect the imbalance of development which occurred in Kalimantan region.
Keywords: Economic Development Inequality, Klassen Typology, Regional Share, Proportional Shift, Competitive Shift.
Abstrak- Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk (1) Mengetahui perkembangan perekonomian region kalimantan mulai tahun 2011 sampai 2018; (2) Menganalisis pengaruh regional share, proportional shift, dan competitive shift terhadap ketimpangan pembangunan ekonomi.Teknik analisa data yang digunakan yaitu pertama analisis tipologi klassen sebagai pendekatan deskriptif dan yang kedua yaitu analisis regresi data panel dengan estimasi random effect model sebagai pendekatan penelitian kuantitatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder.Analisis tipologi klassen menunjukkan hasil bahwa tidak semua provinsi memiliki pertumbuhan positif setiap tahunnya. Analisis regresi data panel menunjukkan hasil bahwa regional share dan competitive shift tidak mempengaruhi ketimpangan pembangunan yang terjadi di regional Kalimantan. Sedangkan proportional shift mempengaruhi ketimpangan pembangunan yang terjadi di regional Kalimantan.
Kata kunci : Ketimpangan Pembangunan Ekonomi, Tipologi Klassen, Regional Share, Proportional Shift, Competitive Shift.
7
Crook, John. "The Typology of Early Medieval Shrines—A Previously Misidentified ‘Tomb-Shrine’ Panel from Winchester Cathedral." Antiquaries Journal 70, no. 1 (March 1990): 49–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003581500070293.
Full textAbstract:
SummaryAfter a short, general review of medieval shrine types, a particular category is defined and examined: ‘tomb-shrines’: which were a form of shrine-base with round, window-like openings, constructed over the pre-existing grave of a saint. The archaeological and documentary evidence (including evidence from drawings and painted glass) for tomb-shrines is examined, and the few extant structures are described and discussed. In the light of these findings an important fragment of thirteenth-century Purbeck work from Winchester Cathedral is reassessed: it is argued that it derived from the tomb-of St Swithun. This stood on the site of the saint's original grave until the Reformation, and was a focus of veneration that was as important as the main reliquary behind the high altar within the cathedral itself.
8
Kazda, Antonín, Marek Turiak, and Karol Gőtz. "AIRPORT TYPOLOGY FOR LCC POLICY CHANGES: A EUROPEAN PERSPECTIVE." Aviation 24, no. 3 (August 27, 2020): 90–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/aviation.2020.12051.
Full textAbstract:
This paper proposes a new airport typology that might arise from the expansion of airports with dominant low cost carrier traffic. In the first part of the paper, the typologies and different airport categorizations are reviewed with examples of current taxonomies used by principal international organizations. However, none of the current airport taxonomies takes into account low cost (LCC) carriers and cannot be used to create an airport market strategy with LCC operation. The paper highlights the characteristic of LCC features, the differences between the LCC airlines, and the characteristics of secondary – low cost airports. Finally, the paper proposes a new taxonomy of airports with low cost operations based on the airport data analysis and expert panel elucidation. For identification of airports with a high share of low cost carriers, Eurocontrol 2013 data on airline types and movements were used. The novel classification of low cost airports enables management to design marketing strategies to respond to LCC dominance and its implications. The main contribution of this research is to provide a novel classification for low cost airports which is relatively new phenomenon comparing with the problems of full service carriers dominance at large airports.
9
Aliev, Semur Asif ogly. "Cladding panel material as the basis for the typological variety of hinged facade systems." Архитектура и дизайн, no. 1 (January 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2585-7789.2020.1.35714.
Full textAbstract:
The article discusses the variety of facing panels of hinged façade systems. Typological classification was made on the basis of a variety of materials used for facing panels. The author identifies 6 groups of materials: clay, wood, cement, titanium dioxide, metal, special components. Analysis is conducted on the 18 names of facing panels according to the following characteristics: cladding material, exterior, image application technology, weight in kg / m2, attachment, durability, and manufacturer. The article determines 6 criteria and 2 requirements for ventilated facades. Based on the typology of the material, the author outlines advantages and disadvantages of certain types of facing panels. The article determines the criteria and requirements set for ventilated facades. Leaning on the provided typology of material, the advantages and disadvantages of individual types of facing panels for hinged façade systems are indicated. The relevance of this research is substantiated by the growing need for modern technologies and means to make buildings look architectural and expressive due to an assortment of combinations of facing materials in hinged ventilated systems. The study reveals a wide variety of characteristics and types of facing panels. The market offer fully reflects the modern production technology capabilities with regards to construction materials. Despite a number of restrictions imposed by the normative acts, facing panels fully meet all the requirements, as the construct of hinged façade panels in general. Thus, is safe to say that facing panels fully satisfy the market demand. Titanium dioxide panels purify the air, which is in line with the current environmental trends contributing to emission reduction and environmental cleanup.
10
Aliev, Semur Asif ogly. "Cladding panel material as the basis for the typological variety of hinged facade systems." Архитектура и дизайн, no. 1 (January 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2585-7789.2021.1.35714.
Full textAbstract:
The article discusses the variety of facing panels of hinged façade systems. Typological classification was made on the basis of a variety of materials used for facing panels. The author identifies 6 groups of materials: clay, wood, cement, titanium dioxide, metal, special components. Analysis is conducted on the 18 names of facing panels according to the following characteristics: cladding material, exterior, image application technology, weight in kg / m2, attachment, durability, and manufacturer. The article determines 6 criteria and 2 requirements for ventilated facades. Based on the typology of the material, the author outlines advantages and disadvantages of certain types of facing panels. The article determines the criteria and requirements set for ventilated facades. Leaning on the provided typology of material, the advantages and disadvantages of individual types of facing panels for hinged façade systems are indicated. The relevance of this research is substantiated by the growing need for modern technologies and means to make buildings look architectural and expressive due to an assortment of combinations of facing materials in hinged ventilated systems. The study reveals a wide variety of characteristics and types of facing panels. The market offer fully reflects the modern production technology capabilities with regards to construction materials. Despite a number of restrictions imposed by the normative acts, facing panels fully meet all the requirements, as the construct of hinged façade panels in general. Thus, is safe to say that facing panels fully satisfy the market demand. Titanium dioxide panels purify the air, which is in line with the current environmental trends contributing to emission reduction and environmental cleanup.
11
Lavallee, David, Jeff Lowder, and Jane Lowder. "Clear Data as a New Data Typology to Enhance Sustainability in Sport." Sustainability 12, no. 11 (June 2, 2020): 4527. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12114527.
Full textAbstract:
(1) Background: Data-driven analysis and decision-making are playing an increasingly crucial role in improving organizational sustainability. This paper introduces clear data as a new typology. Further, it explores the utility of clear data to enhance sustainability in sport by enabling informed decision-making for the provision of targeted support to all stakeholders. We propose this typology to capture transparent data across an organization that assess levels of perceived and received support in key areas as validated by stakeholders. (2) Methods: Item development, content validation, instrument reliability, and utility of a survey designed to enhance sustainability in the sports industry is described. (3) Results: The instrument validation process found a high level of agreement among expert panel members, excellent test consistency, and high test–retest reliability. (4) Conclusions: Recommendations are provided for how clear data can enhance sustainability in sport.
12
Raafi’i, Ahmad, Dedi Budiman Hakim, and Eka Intan Kumala Putri. "Ketimpangan Pembangunan Antarwilayah Pengembangan di Provinsi Papua Barat." Journal of Regional and Rural Development Planning 2, no. 3 (December 11, 2018): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jp2wd.2018.2.3.244-257.
Full textAbstract:
<p>Regional-based development aims to minimize the disparity between regions. Local government of West Papua province divides its region into three development regions (WP), namely (1) Teluk Bintuni, Manokwari, and Teluk Wondama; (2) Maybrat, Raja Ampat, Sorong Regency, Sorong Municipality, South Sorong, and Tambrauw; (3) Fakfak and Kaimana. Each development region has different characteristics from each other. These differences include regional typology (coastal and mountainous), population (under 50 thousand inhabitants, 50-100 thousand inhabitants, and above 100 thousand inhabitants), and administrative status (old districts and new autonomous regions). The purpose of this research is to analyze local typologies and the factors that affect the disparity between development regions in West Papua province by using panel data regression. Analysis technique used are local typologies, Theil Index and panel data regression. Research results show that there are no regions that are dominant in the first quadrant (advanced) and fourth quadrant (underdeveloped) of Klassen typology. Theil Index value, which represents disparity, shows an increasing trend. Variables that affect positively to the Theil Index are length of road, locally-generated revenue, dummy on the absence of the city, dummy on ethnic region, and average expenditure per capita. Meanwhile variables that affect negatively and significantly to the Theil Index are the share of natural resources and dummy on the absence of new autonomous regions.<br /><br /></p>
13
Sevilla, María Paola, Mauricio Farías, and Daniela Luengo-Aravena. "Patterns and Persistence of Educational Mismatch: A Trajectory Approach Using Chilean Panel Data." Social Sciences 10, no. 9 (September 7, 2021): 333. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci10090333.
Full textAbstract:
The misalignment between workers’ educational levels and the educational level typically required for their occupations, namely educational mismatch, has become widespread. However, despite its potential costs, there is little evidence of this situation in developing countries. Using longitudinal and retrospective data of employment histories between 2009 and 2019, this paper conducts sequence analysis to construct a typology of educational mismatch trajectories among Chilean workers. We demonstrate that mismatch is a prevalent and persistent phenomenon. Once people enter the labor market, either as undereducated or overeducated workers, they tend to stay in such positions for extended periods of time. Moreover, we find significant wage penalties for workers in a mismatch situation. Results indicate that females and young, less-educated men are more prone to follow trajectories with longer periods of mismatch or unemployment. New avenues for research and the need for public policies looking at these phenomena are required to avoid people’s dissatisfaction due to a possible false promise that more education can improve their life standards.
14
ÇİĞDEM, Gülgün, and Merve ALTAYLAR. "COINTEGRATION EVIDENCES FROM THE NEW FRAGILE FIVE." Journal of Life Economics 7, no. 3 (July 31, 2020): 269–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.15637/jlecon.7.020.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose of this study is to test the association between savings and current account deficit of the “New Fragile Five” falling into critical cycle. 1994-2019 period annual national savings, current account balance and external debt have been analyzed within the framework of panel data analysis. At the modeling stage of the research focused on the cointegration relationship. Panel cointegration tests with structural breaks based on LM were used. To examine the unique economic structures of countries, heterogeneous estimating techniques were employed. The research has four important findings; i.There is a cointegration relationship between indicators, ii.The external debt increases the current account deficit, iii.The increase of savings in Turkey decreases the current account deficit, iv.An increase in savings increases the current account deficit in Argentina, Egypt, Pakistan and Qatar. This study, which will contribute to the expansion of typology, is also contributory to the “Triple Deficit Hypothesis”.
15
Min, Byung Hee, Youngmin Oh, and Ralph S. Brower. "The Effects of Diverse Feedback Dynamics on Performance Improvement: A Typology of Performance Feedback Signals." Administration & Society 53, no. 1 (June 24, 2020): 123–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095399720933822.
Full textAbstract:
This article illustrates managerial responses to different performance feedback signals in decision-making processes for improving performance. First, we conceptualize and illuminate distinctive dimensions of feedback signals—internal feedback, external feedback, and comparative feedback signals. Then, we test how these different feedback signals improve performance of public-sector programs based on a 10-year panel data set from the Korean Performance Assessment Rating Tool (K-PART). We find that performance signals from sources internal to individual programs and from external reference points of problem identification (social performance comparison) affect program performance. This suggests an association between internal management and social comparison mechanisms relative to performance improvement. The novel contribution of this research lies in promoting scholarship on performance management by identifying three unique sources of performance feedback signaling.
16
Danes, Sharon M., Kathryn Stafford, George Haynes, and Sayali S. Amarapurkar. "Family Capital of Family Firms." Family Business Review 22, no. 3 (April 6, 2009): 199–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0894486509333424.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose was to present a family capital typology based on Sustainable Family Business Theory II and to document its relative contribution to short-term firm achievements and long-term sustainability using National Family Business Survey panel data. Family capital was defined as total owning-family resources composed of human, social, and financial capital. Family capital significantly contributed to firm achievements and sustainability. In the short term, all family capital types explained 13.5% of gross revenue variance and 4% of owner’s success perception variance. In the long term, all family capital types explained 26.7% of gross revenue variance and 11.6% of owner’s success perception variance.
17
Graczyk, Magdalena, Piotr Kułyk, Leszek Kaźmierczak-Piwko, and Łukasz Augustowski. "Ecological Innovations in Agricultural Production as a Pro-Development Factor of the Economy." Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering 1, no. 1 (September 1, 2018): 603–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mape-2018-0076.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The study presents the impact of eco-innovation and policy conducive to the implementation of the principles of sustainable development in agriculture on economic development. The starting point was the analysis of economic growth models and indicating in them the approach to innovation for the implementation of sustainable development. The specifics of eco-innovation in the agricultural sector and their typology have been presented. Due to the complexity of innovative processes and in particular the resulting effects, multi-component measures of innovation and eco-innovation have been discussed. In the last part, using the panel analysis, the effect of eco-innovation in agriculture on socio-economic development at the level of the entire economy has been demonstrated.
18
Zhao, Haoyu, Michael J. Ahn, and Aroon P. Manoharan. "E-Government, Corruption Reduction and the Role of Culture." International Journal of E-Planning Research 10, no. 3 (July 2021): 86–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijepr.20210701.oa6.
Full textAbstract:
Using a panel dataset gathered from 57 countries over the period 2003 to 2014, this paper examines the impact of cultural factors on the relationship between e-government development and corruption. The analysis reveals that e-government development have a weak and positive impact on the corruption levels across all countries but varied according to the different cultural factors. Based on the cultural typology of the GLOBE project, the authors found that e-government development was more effective in reducing corruption in countries with certain cultural characteristics. Cultures that put less emphasis on controlling uncertainty shared power more equally among members, valued individualism, and focused more on future development were more favorable to e-government development than others. Finally, they discussed the cultural implications on e-planning.
19
Galais, Carol, and Jasmine Lorenzini. "HALF A LOAF IS (NOT) BETTER THAN NONE: HOW AUSTERITY-RELATED GRIEVANCES AND EMOTIONS TRIGGERED PROTESTS IN SPAIN*." Mobilization: An International Quarterly 22, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 77–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17813/1086-671x-22-1-77.
Full textAbstract:
Demonstrations have become more visible across Europe since the Great Recession. To clarify the connection between crisis and protest, we open the black box of crisis-related grievances, suggesting a typology for this subjective phenomenon and addressing the mediating role of emotions on protest. Using panel data, we explore the dimensionality of thirty different items that Spanish citizens have claimed to endure as a consequence of the crisis, and then we test their potential of these grievances as triggers of protest. Results show that both financial deprivation and grievances related to worker-citizens' status and rights encourage protest activity. Crisis-related grievances trigger negative emotions, and curiously enough, both anger and anxiety boost protest. Our findings hold, regardless of political ideology, previous participation, or perceptions of self-efficacy.
20
Otero-Hermida, Paula, and Mónica García-Melón. "Gender Equality Indicators for Research and Innovation from a Responsible Perspective: The Case of Spain." Sustainability 10, no. 9 (August 21, 2018): 2980. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10092980.
Full textAbstract:
This article offers a Spanish national perspective that contributes to European Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) monitoring initiatives. National experts involved in gender and science and technology issues, such as policymakers, gender experts, research institutions, and equality associations, among others, have proposed indicators based on participatory decision-making techniques. The results include a complete set of 52 indicators and a reduced panel of 23 indicators—the highest-ranked ones—to monitor relevant aspects that should be measured in gender dimension from an RRI perspective: differential and asymmetric socialization and education, organizational culture, substantive representation, vertical segregation, work relations, visibility of women researchers, gender perspective in research contents, gender expertise enhancement, and resources. The results offer new indicators that differ from previous indicator panels at the European and Spanish levels in relation to those aspects that should be measured and the typology of indicators preferred. Differences suggest the need for a more nuanced debate on the purpose of indicators, and the need for national contributions to RRI and to the debate on gender perspective in EU policy. Finally, the article suggests some specific traits observed in Spain that might add to the debate on the content of an RRI gender perspective in an already developed gender policy.
21
Hernández-Lara, Ana B., and Juan P. Gonzales-Bustos. "The impact of interlocking directorates on innovation: the effects of business and social ties." Management Decision 57, no. 10 (November 11, 2019): 2799–815. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-11-2017-1186.
Full textAbstract:
PurposeBoards of directors of large companies all over the world frequently have a certain number of shared directors, which can be motivated by social structures that foster different types of links, including investments and vertical relationships. The purpose of this paper is to identify the effects that board interlocking exerts on innovation, considering the different nature of shared directors that finally determines the type of links dominating the boards.Design/methodology/approachPanel regression analyses were conducted using data collected from 69 Spanish listed innovative sector companies during the period 2010–2014, which provided an unbalanced panel of 325 data observations.FindingsThe results suggested that the typology of interlocks determined their effects on innovation, which had a positive influence when independent and extra-industry directors held multiple directorships, whereas it was negative in the case of intra-industry and women interlocking directors.Practical implicationsThis study provided evidence for the diverse effects of interlocking directorates and contributed to the open debate on the best board composition for improving business innovation, considering the common feature of shared directorships.Originality/valueThe value of this research was twofold. On the one hand, the study considered a wide typology of interlocking directorates, such as women, affiliated and independent directors, intra- and extra-industry directorships, as well as shared directors from the same country. On the other hand, the effects of these different interlocking directorate typologies were analysed on innovation by considering different innovation indicators.
22
CACHERO-MARTÍNEZ, Silvia, and Rodolfo VÁZQUEZ-CASIELLES. "LIVING POSITIVE EXPERIENCES IN STORE: HOW IT INFLUENCES SHOPPING EXPERIENCE VALUE AND SATISFACTION?" Journal of Business Economics and Management 18, no. 3 (June 16, 2017): 537–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16111699.2017.1292311.
Full textAbstract:
Retailers have tried to differentiate themselves from their competitors through shopping experience. This is the first study analysing relationships between experience dimensions, shopping experience value and satisfaction. In this article different shopping experience dimensions are identified: emotional, sensory, intellectual, social, and pragmatic. In-depth interviews were conducted with a panel of experts to adapt a set of experience dimensions identified from the literature to the offline environment. A survey was then designed to collect data from consumers who had bought in a retailer, where marketing strategies are linked with experience dimensions. Retailers may use this typology in order to re-design their marketing strategies. Retailers must invest in utilitarian attributes of product assortment offered to consumers, improving quality while maintaining prices and promotions. If a retailer can stimulate social shopping and consumer curiosity, such as imagination and creativity in the store, they will have more devoted consumers.
23
ROOYACKERS, ILSE N., HELGA A. G. DE VALK, and EVA-MARIA MERZ. "Mother–child relations in adulthood within and across national borders: non-Western immigrants in the Netherlands." Ageing and Society 36, no. 10 (August 4, 2015): 2010–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x15000823.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACTWe examined structures of (trans)national mother–child relationships in adulthood among non-Western immigrants in the Netherlands and assessed how acculturation impacted these intergenerational ties. From the Netherlands Kinship Panel Study, Turkish, Moroccan, Surinamese and Antillean respondents were selected whose mother lived in the Netherlands (N = 360) or abroad (N = 316). First, extending a previous typology of immigrant mother–child relations in the Netherlands, Latent Class Analysis was conducted for transnational relations. As expected, combining information about given and/or received emotional and financial support resulted in an emotional-interdependent and detached transnational mother–child relationship. Second, acculturation effects were estimated by using relationship assignment as a dependent variable, performing Logistic Regressions on our uni-national and transnational sample. Findings were mixed, suggesting acculturation impacts differently on family relations within and across borders. Overall, our results demonstrate the importance of reciprocal affective ties in a transnational context, also in the absence of financial or practical support, and show the relevance of distinguishing different facets of acculturation.
24
Wu, Joshua B., Peter W. Hom, Lois E. Tetrick, Lynn M. Shore, Liangding Jia, Chaoping Li, and Lynda Jiwen Song. "The Norm of Reciprocity: Scale Development and Validation in the Chinese Context." Management and Organization Review 2, no. 3 (November 2006): 377–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1740-8784.2006.00047.x.
Full textAbstract:
To add greater theoretical precision to a fundamental construct in social exchange theory - namely, Gouldner's ‘norm of reciprocity’, this study developed a measure of Sahlins' generalized, balanced, and negative reciprocity types and validated its psychometric quality in China. For a comprehensive construct validation of the new scale, we carried out three studies. After generating a pool of items, we used a panel of experts to classify items according to conceptual definitions of the three reciprocity types. Using factor analysis, the first study revealed a factor structure consistent with Sahlins' reciprocity typology. In the second study, confirmatory factor analysis replicated this factor structure as well as demonstrated that the reciprocity factors are distinct from each other and other social-exchange constructs. In line with extant theories, the third study corroborated a nomological network relating reciprocity types to external constructs. Given this broad array of evidence for its construct validity, future researchers can employ this validated scale to investigate various forms of social exchange in Chinese work settings.
25
Saiz, Lourdes, David Pérez Miguel, and Miguel Ángel Manzanedo del Campo. "The knowledge absorptive capacity to improve the cooperation and innovation in the firm." Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management 11, no. 2 (April 6, 2018): 290. http://dx.doi.org/10.3926/jiem.2505.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to study the absorptive capacity types in the knowledge management literature and aims to understand how companies can strength their contexts of cooperation in order to innovate.Design/methodology/approach: A balanced panel of 1,220 firms that respond to the Survey of Business Strategies for a three-year period was used, which represents a total of 3,660 observations. Findings: The justification of absorptive capacity typology for an innovation efficiency process. The influence of the potential and realized absorptive capacity on new products is significant and causes effects on internal research and development in diverse way. The impact of the joint ventures, suppliers’ cooperation and customers’ cooperation are significant on absorptive capacity.Research limitations/implications: It would be interesting to extend the research to another innovation metrics as new organizational methods, new processes, new designs or new methods in the use of sales channels.Practical implications: The agreement of cooperation activities constitutes an important decision for the firm’s innovation. Companies must be conscious that while suppliers and customers’ cooperation are relevant cooperation actions to increase the internal research and development, joint ventures and customers’ cooperation are significant to the growth of the new products.Social implications: The types of absorptive capacity and internal research and development serve as mediating mechanisms between cooperative activities and innovative performance.Originality/value: This paper advances the literature on absorptive capacity by showing how firms use their positions of technological vigilance and management to form their capabilities, and subsequently, to enhance innovation outcomes. This study considers it is necessary to analyze the typology of the absorptive capacity that can allow managers to understand an innovation efficiency process in the cooperation context and make better decisions. The confluence of cooperation activities, absorptive capacity and organizational objectives in internal research and development obtain higher innovative results.
26
Stutzman, Sarah Anne. "Differences across farm typologies in capital investment during 1996-2013." Agricultural Finance Review 78, no. 1 (February 5, 2018): 41–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/afr-01-2017-0002.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of changes in farm economic conditions and macroeconomic trends on US farm capital expenditures between 1996 and 2013. Design/methodology/approach A synthetic panel is constructed from Agricultural Resource Management Survey (ARMS) data. A dynamic system GMM regression model is estimated for farms as a whole and separately within farm typology categories. The use of farm typologies allows for comparison of the relative magnitudes of these estimates across farms by farm sales level and the operator’s primary occupation. Findings Changes in gross farm income levels, tax depreciation rates, and interest rates have a significant impact on crop farm investment, while changes in output prices, net cash farm income levels, tax depreciation rates, and farm specialization levels have significant impacts on livestock farm capital investment. The relative significance and magnitudes of these impacts differ within farm typologies. Significant differences include a greater responsiveness to change in tax policy variables for residential crop farms, greater responsiveness to changes in output prices and debt to asset ratios for intermediate livestock farms, and larger changes in commercial crop and livestock farm investment given equivalent changes in farm sales or the returns to investment. Research limitations/implications These findings are of interest to agricultural economists when constructing farm investment models and employing pseudo panel methods, to those in the agricultural equipment and manufacturing sector when constructing models to manage inventories and plan for production needs across regions and over time, to those involved in drafting tax policy and evaluating the potential impacts of tax changes on agricultural investment, and for those in the agricultural lending sector when designing and executing agricultural capital lending programs. Originality/value This study uniquely identifies differences in the level of investment and the magnitude of investment responsiveness to changes in farm economic conditions and macroeconomic trends given differences in income levels and primary operator occupation. In addition, this study is one of the few which utilizes ARMS data to study farm capital investment. Utilizing ARMS data provides a rich panel data set, covering producers across many different crop production types and regions. Finally, employing pseudo panel construction methods contributes to efforts to effectively employ cross-sectional data and dynamic models to study farm behavior across time.
27
Ika Wahyuntari, Linda, and Amin Pujiati. "Disparitas Pembangunan Wilayah Kabupaten/ Kota di Provinsi Jawa Tengah." Economics Development Analysis Journal 5, no. 3 (March 14, 2018): 296–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/edaj.v5i3.22153.
Full textAbstract:
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi klasifikasi daerah cepat maju dan cepat tumbuh, menganalisis pengaruh aglomerasi industri, dana perimbangan, IPM, dan klasifikasi daerah cepat maju dan cepat tumbuh terhadap disparitas pembangunan wilayah kabupaten/ kota di Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif Tipologi Klassen dan analisis regresi data panel dengan metode Generalized Least Square (GLS). Hasil identifikasi kabupaten/ kota yang konsisten berada di klasifikasi daerah cepat maju dan cepat tumbuh dalam kurun waktu tahun 2009-2013, yaitu Kabupaten Cilacap, Kota Magelang, Kota Surakarta, dan Kota Semarang. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa aglomerasi industri berpengaruh positif dan signifikan, sedangkan dana perimbangan, IPM, dan klasifikasi daerah cepat dan cepat tumbuh berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap disparitas pembangunan wilayah kabupaten/ kota di Provinsi Jawa Tengah.
This study aims to identify the classification of the area fast forward and fast-growing, analyze the effect of industrial agglomeration, the balance funds, HDI, and area classification fast forward and fast-growing against the disparity of development districts/ cities in Central Java province. This research using descriptive analysis Typology Klassen and panel data regression analysis with the method of Generalized Least Square (GLS). The results of the identification of districts/ cities that are in the area classification consistently fast forward and fast-growing in the period 2009-2013, namely Kabupaten Cilacap, Kota Magelang, Kota Surakarta and Kota Semarang. The results of this study indicate that the industrial agglomeration effect on positive and significant, while the balance funds, HDI, and the classification of fast and fast-growing regions a significant negative effect on the development disparity districts/ cities in Central Java province.
28
Gabriel, Marcelo Luiz Dias Da Silva, and Dirceu Da Silva. "Diffusion and adoption of technology amongst engineering and business management students." International Journal of Innovation 5, no. 1 (February 16, 2017): 20–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5585/iji.v5i1.80.
Full textAbstract:
This study aimed to identify profiles of technology adoption amongst engineering and business management students based on Rogers' theory of diffusion of innovations and on Hirschman's studies of innovativeness, novelty seeking, creativity behavior and role accumulation. A systematic literature review was performed and an item pool was generated to measure the constructs found on theory. The questionnaire was presented to an experts' panel for content validity and to a sample of subjects in the population for semantic validity. The final research instrument was then submitted to 390 students from private and public universities in Brazil. Mean age of sample was 22.5 years (SD = 4.9) and was well distributed between males (50.6%) and females (49.4%). Data was analyzed using SPSS 22.0 and SmartPLS 2.0. A hypothetical model was specified and alternative models as well. Univariate and multivariate normality was tested and PLS-SEM was chosen due to the non-parametric nature of collected data. Final results proved that Roger's theoretical profiles (e.g.: innovator, early adopter, etc) are predictors of Hirschman's adoption typology and these findings are useful to understand the generational patterns of technology diffusion and adoption and to support corporate initiatives on technology deployment amongst employees
29
Leis, Jutta-Lucia, and Stefan Kienberger. "Climate Risk and Vulnerability Assessment of Floods in Austria: Mapping Homogenous Regions, Hotspots and Typologies." Sustainability 12, no. 16 (August 11, 2020): 6458. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12166458.
Full textAbstract:
This research addresses the need for proactive climate risk management (CRM) by developing and applying a spatial climate risk and vulnerability assessment (CRVA) to flooding under consideration of the socio-economic dimension in Austria. Our research builds on a consolidated risk and vulnerability framework targeting both disaster risk reduction (DRR) and climate change adaptation (CCA) while integrating the consolidated risk approach of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Furthermore, our research advances current methodologies by applying a spatially explicit and indicator-based approach, which allows the targeted and place-specific identification of intervention options—independent from the spatial bias of administrative units. The flooding CRVA is based on a comprehensive list of 14 primary indicators and 35 socio-economic sub-indicators. Our results indicate that high levels of socio-economic vulnerability related to flooding are concentrated in the northern and eastern regions of Austria. When integrating a climate hazard proxy, statistically significant risk hotspots (>90% confidence) can be identified in central-northern Austria and towards the east. Furthermore, we established a typology of regions following a spatially enabled clustering approach. Finally, our research provides a successful operationalization of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) risk framework in combination with enhanced spatial analysis methods.
30
Malyovanyi, Mykhaylo, Nataliia Ivanova, Kateryna Melnyk, Oleksandr Nepochatenko, and Oleksandr Rolinskyi. "Assessment of the social expenditure impact on the economic growth in OECD countries." Problems and Perspectives in Management 16, no. 3 (September 12, 2018): 389–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.16(3).2018.31.
Full textAbstract:
Economic growth is exposed to many socio-economic factors that impact both the formation and allocation of resources. The theoretical part of this article discusses studies by various authors on the social expenditure impact on economic growth, the dependence of this influence on selected funding principles and social policy models. In the empirical part, using the Pooled Mean Group (PMG) procedure and the Fixed Effect Model, the impact of social expenditure on the economic growth in OECD countries is determined. An increased focus is put on assessing the long-term impact of the main types of social expenditures (public and private), based on different financing principles (distribution and accumulation), on the economic growth rates both in OECD in general and in the context of countries (based on the Esping-Andersen’s typology) grouped according to social policy models. The following conclusions are drawn: 1) an increase in the share of total social expenditures in the country’s GDP negatively affects economic growth; 2) an increase in the share of private social expenditures in the country’s GDP contributes to economic growth; 3) the obtained indicators of impact assessment are different depending on a social policy model chosen. The analysis is based on OECD panel data for the period 1980–2013.
31
ILOMETS, Simo, Kalle KUUSK, Leena PAAP, Endrik ARUMÄGI, and Targo KALAMEES. "IMPACT OF LINEAR THERMAL BRIDGES ON THERMAL TRANSMITTANCE OF RENOVATED APARTMENT BUILDINGS." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 23, no. 1 (June 13, 2016): 96–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2014.976259.
Full textAbstract:
Renovation of old apartment buildings is a topic of current research interest throughout the Eastern Europe region where similar typology is derived from the period of 1960–1990. Thermal bridges, essential components of the transmission heat loss of a building, have to be properly evaluated in the energy audit during current state-of-the-art situation as well as in the comparison of renovation solutions. Resulting from field measurements and calculations, we propose linear thermal transmittances Ψ of thermal bridges for four types of apartment buildings: prefabricated concrete large panel element, brick, wood (log), and autoclaved aerated concrete. Our results show that thermal bridges contribute 23% of the total transmission heat loss of a building envelope before renovation. After renovation thermal bridges account for only 10% if windows are repositioned into additional external thermal insulation and balconies are rebuilt as best practice. Inversely, impact of the thermal bridges might be up to 34%, depending on the wall insulation thickness. We have also found that the relative percentage of thermal bridges after renovation increases and the negative impact of the thermal bridges of certain junctions cannot be compensated with thicker wall insulation. Results obtained in this paper are useful for energy audits.
32
Dimian, Gina Cristina, Mirela Ionela Aceleanu, Bogdan Vasile Ileanu, and Andreea Claudia Șerban. "UNEMPLOYMENT AND SECTORAL COMPETITIVENESS IN SOUTHERN EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES. FACTS AND POLICY IMPLICATIONS." Journal of Business Economics and Management 19, no. 3 (November 19, 2018): 474–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jbem.2018.6581.
Full textAbstract:
This article addresses the problem of the main factors driving sectoral unemployment in the Mediterranean countries most affected by this phenomenon. The choice of the four countries (Greece, Italy, Spain and Portugal) relies on the fact that they are dealing with the highest unemployment rates in the European Union and a certain typology of the economic structure. The originality of our research is offered by its direction, less tackled until now, namely the focus on the particularities of the economic sectors, trying to capture differences between them. The importance and the impact of the results are supported by the methods used to produce them, indicators and econometric models that are on trend and bring extra information to available studies. Descriptive statistics and mismatch indexes are used to outline the economic and labour market structure, while the econometric models built on panel data capture the impact of factors such as GVA growth, specialization and labour market mismatches on the unemployment rate at six economic sectors level. Our paper makes three contributions to the literature. First, we have demonstrated that agriculture is the sector of activity less sensitive to output fluctuations in terms of unemployment and can become a buffer for the jobless in times of recessions. Second, we have proved that industry, as a whole, is highly responsive to economic developments and bad specialization could worsen unemployment situation in this sector. Third, we showed that educational mismatches have a significant impact on unemployment in those sectors of activity that employ low educated workforce.
33
Hong, Yea-Ji. "Latent Transition Analysis of the Work-Family Balance of Working Mothers with a Child in Elementary School: Focus on the Effect of Antecedents on both Work-Family Balance Typology and Transition between Typologies." Family and Environment Research 59, no. 2 (May 21, 2021): 199–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.6115/fer.2021.015.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of the study was to apply latent transition analysis to the work-family balance of working mothers with a child in elementary school by focusing on the effect of antecedents on both work-family balance typology and the transition between typologies. Data from 400 working mothers who participated in the eighth and eleventh waves of the Panel Study on Korean Children were used. The results can be summarized as follows. First, the latent profile analysis of working mothers whose children were in the first grade classified the work-family balance types as ‘contradictory’ or ‘beneficial’ and of working mothers whose children were in the fourth grade as ‘conflictual’, ‘contradictory’, ‘high beneficial’, ‘low beneficial’ or ‘beneficial’. Second, working mothers whose work-family balance was ‘contradictory’ or ‘beneficial’ when their children were in the first grade mostly had, respectively, a ‘low beneficial’ or a ‘high beneficial’ balance when their children were in the fourth grade. Third, the probability of being classified into each type differed according to subjective happiness and marital conflict in the first grade, and marital conflict and social support in the fourth grade. Moreover, marital conflict and social support were significant in the transition between the types of work-family balance. The study showed that the types of work-family balance differed for each time point for individual working mothers. The study also highlighted the importance of parenting-related personal, family and social factors in determining the work-family balance type and transition between types.
34
Rebecchi, Andrea, Maddalena Buffoli, Marco Dettori, Letizia Appolloni, Antonio Azara, Paolo Castiglia, Daniela D’Alessandro, and Stefano Capolongo. "Walkable Environments and Healthy Urban Moves: Urban Context Features Assessment Framework Experienced in Milan." Sustainability 11, no. 10 (May 15, 2019): 2778. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11102778.
Full textAbstract:
Recent studies in public health have focused on determining the influences of the built environment on the population’s physical and mental health status. In order to promote active transport and physical activity, considered favorable behavior for the prevention non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as obesity, it is necessary to reduce the negative effects of the built environment and develop positive ones, such as, for example, a walkable urban space. The aim of the research is to define a city’s walkability assessment framework capable of highlighting points of strength and weakness in its urban environment. All of the aspects that have a direct influence (evidence-based) on fostering the adoption of healthy lifestyles or promoting active transport as a strategy to increase the level of physical activity due to the existence of daily urban travel should be considered. After conducting a literature review aimed at identifying all of the existing assessment tools, 20 research studies were examined in detail. The new evaluation method arises from the comparison and critical selection of the various qualitative–quantitative indicators found, integrated into a multi-criteria analysis structure of dual-scale survey, with reference to walkability and paying attention to those indicators that have implications on health promotion. The new assessment framework, named Milano Walkability Measurement (MWM), is applicable in different urban contexts and was tested in two different areas of Milan. The Macro dimension (i.e., Density, Diversity, and Design criteria) refers to the urban scale and examines the city from a top view. It describes quantitatively the overall urban factors (urban area size equal to 1.5 Km2; typology of data: archival). The Micro dimension (i.e., Usefulness, Safeness, Comfort, and Aesthetics criteria) investigates the city at the street scale level. It describes qualitatively features of the outdoor spaces (road length of about 500/700 mt; typology of data: observational). Finally, the framework was weighted by comparison with a panel of experts. The expected results were reflected in the design recommendations based on the collected qualitative-quantitative data. The developed assessment method brings innovative criteria such as the multi-scaling assessment phase (Macro and Micro) and the ability to take into consideration aspects that according to the literature have relationships with health promotion linked to the improvement of a healthy lifestyle, related to daily active transportation choices. The design recommendations are useful both to policy-makers, to make evidence-based specific choices, and to designers, to understand what aspects of the urban environment must be improved or implemented in order to promote a walkable city.
35
Hirono, Katherine T., Kristin Raab, Arthur Wendel, Tim Choi, Tina Yuen, Joseph Schuchter, and Florence Fulk. "The Challenges and Opportunities of Peer Review in Health Impact Assessment." Chronicles of Health Impact Assessment 2, no. 1 (September 29, 2017): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.18060/21492.
Full textAbstract:
<p><em>Background: </em></p><p>While HIA guidelines and practice standards are used throughout the field, peer review is a potentially untapped resource for HIA practitioners in the US and potentially internationally. Peer review is thought to strengthen HIA practice, although very few guidance documents exist, and there has been little research to date on the efficacy of peer review for improving HIAs.</p><p><em>Methods: </em></p><p>To explore the possible value of peer review in HIA, an expert panel was convened at the 2013 HIA of the Americas Workshop, and an online survey was used to query HIA practitioners regarding their experience with and motivation for HIA peer review.</p><p><em>Results:</em></p><p>Most survey respondents (n=20 out of 26) indicated that peer review in HIA was helpful, and 15 respondents thought a formal peer review process would improve HIA practice. Respondents wanted peer review to be timely and the reviewer to approach the review as a mentor rather than a gatekeeper.</p><p><em>Conclusion: </em></p><p>This paper offers the initial development of a peer review typology based on feedback from the online survey and workshop participants. Better understanding of the potential challenges and opportunities for using peer review in HIA may help to improve HIA practice.</p>
36
Tatari, Eren. "Dialogue vs. Conflict." American Journal of Islam and Society 23, no. 2 (April 1, 2006): 137–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v23i2.1636.
Full textAbstract:
The “Second International Conference on Islam,” held at the University ofWisconsin-Madison on 24-25 April 2006, focused on the broad theme ofIslam and globalization through the lens of dialogue and conflict. Therewere four keynote speakers and more then thirty presentations on a widerange of topics related to Islam and the experiences of Muslims throughouthistory as well as in the contemporary world. The conference was markedby its multidisciplinary diversity and strong emphasis on constructive intellectualexchange among scholars.The four keynote speakers, Jocelyne Cesari (Harvard University),Thomas Michel, S.J. (Georgetown University), Scott Alexander (CatholicTheological Union), and Kemal Karpat (University of Wisconsin-Madison),touched upon various aspects of Islam at the age of globalization. Cesari’stalk, entitled “Global Islam between Fundamentalism and Cosmopolitanism,”presented a typology of three forms of Islamic identity that are emergingin the global age, namely, diasporic, pan-Islamic, and cosmopolitan. Inher words, diasporic refers to the localized relationships of Muslims whochoose to maintain strong ties with their country or city of origin, pan-Islamic emphasizes the effectiveness of the ummah concept in today’s world,and cosmopolitan refers to a worldview that is reflexive, in a sense definedby the status of being “other.”In his speech, “Confrontation and Dialogue: A History of Catholic-Muslim Relations,” Alexander outlined the history of this relationship sincethe advent of Islam, pointing to elements of dialogue and confrontation.Kemal Karpat discussed a most current topic in his speech, “Turkey and theEU: The End of a Millennium of Confrontation?” and analyzed the positiveconsequences of Turkey’s membership in the European Union (EU).The first panel, “Global Islam and the West,” accommodated papersexemplifying the responses and contributions of Muslims to globalization ...
37
Rebelo, Filipe, António Figueiredo, Gonçalo Correia Lopes, Tiago Miguel Ferreira, and Romeu Vicente. "Development of Retrofitting Solutions: Remedial Wall Ties for Masonry Enclosure Brick Walls." Buildings 11, no. 1 (January 13, 2021): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11010028.
Full textAbstract:
The external envelope walls of a significant percentage of the residential building stock in Southern European countries is commonly constituted by infill masonry walls. However, thousands of square meters of this masonry wall typology presents severe issues of cracking and instability, related to the incorrect and deficient support conditions of the outer brick panel of the double-leaf wall solution. In this work, an experimental campaign divided in two phases has been performed to evaluate the effectiveness of two different remedial wall ties retrofitting techniques (Solution A and Solution B) used for double leaf horizontally hollowed clay brick masonry façades. The first phase of the experimental campaign was performed on 120 isolated specimens of horizontally hollowed clay bricks, resorting to post- and pre-NP EN 771-1 brick exemplars (that is, new and pre-existent aged bricks, respectively), as well as on 4 square wallettes, with a side length of 1.20 m, considered as representative of a real scale scenario, for evaluating the two remedial wall ties retrofitting techniques. The second phase of the experimental campaign was performed to fully characterize the different failure types as well as the slipping phenomena observed in the first phase of the experimental campaign, focusing solely on the retrofitting technique Solution B and comprises 24 tests performed on isolated specimens, resourcing to new and pre-existent aged bricks as well. The results obtained by the use of these techniques revealed an average anchorage strength value ranging from 0.25 to 2.5 kN for each tested tie-bar. Solution B reveals an increase of double of the anchorage strength value in comparison to Solution A. In this sense, the global results revealed a suitable applicability of both retrofit studied solutions.
38
Cullen, Laura, Kirsten Hanrahan, Stephanie W. Edmonds, Heather Schacht Reisinger, and Michele Wagner. "16185 Iowa Implementation for Sustainability Framework: Specification and validation." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 5, s1 (March 2021): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2021.547.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT IMPACT: Framework is designed to aid selection of implementation strategies to promote adoption and sustainability of EBP to improve health care quality, safety and value. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: An application-oriented implementation framework based on Diffusion of Innovation theory, identified 81 strategies for clinician-use within four implementation phases. The goal of this research was to further specify strategies based on emerging implementation science and establish external validity. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: An iterative mixed-methods process guided framework revisions. First, individuals (n=1,578) requesting use of the framework over the last seven years were sent an electronic questionnaire. Evaluation captured usability, generalizability, accuracy of phases, and implementation phases for each of 81 strategies. Second, nurses who use the framework pile sorted strategies for multidimensional scaling and hierarchical analysis using Anthropac software. Third, a panel of five EBP/implementation experts used data and a consensus process to add clarity with the naming, and further specify strategies. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Survey respondents (n = 127, 8% response) were nurses (94%), at least Master’s educated (94%), from health systems (52%) or academia (31%), in the U.S. (84%). The framework, rated on a four-point scale (1 = not/strongly disagree to 4 = very/strongly agree; reported are ratings 3 and 4) was deemed useful (92%), generalizable (100%), and with accurate timing (96%). 51 participants linked strategy timing to a single phase (54 strategies, 66.7%, p<0.05, Cochran’s Q); most strategies (30) matched the original model. Pile sorting (n=23) generated a concept map and hierarchical clusters of groups. Experts used these data and implementation science to specify each strategy and revise the framework. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: The Iowa Implementation for Sustainability Framework (IISF) offers a typology to guide implementation for healthcare improvements. This study specifies 77 implementation strategies, confirms four phases, identified 10 domains, and begins to establish external validity for the framework.
39
Darmayanti, Putu Widya, and Saptono Nugroho. "Partisipasi Masyarakat Dalam Pengelolaan Daya Tarik Wisata Espa Yeh Panes Natural Hot Spring Resort Di Desa Penatahan Tabanan." JURNAL DESTINASI PARIWISATA 5, no. 2 (November 1, 2018): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jdepar.2017.v05.i02.p07.
Full textAbstract:
Espa Yeh Panes Natural Hot Spring Resort is natural tourist attraction located in Penatahan vilage, Tabanan regency.Espa Yeh Panes Natural Hot Spring Resort has uniqueness such as hot springs tourist attraction with the beautiful scene.The research study aimed to provide an overview about the community participation typology in management of Espa Yeh Panes Natural Hot Spring Resort.
The research method used is qualitativeand quantitavive.The theory and concept used are concept of tourist attraction, concept of management and theory of participation typology in participation.To answer the research questions, data collection was conducted through observation, interviews, and literature study.The sampling techniques used were purposive sampling. Data were analyzed by using descriptive qualitative analysis such as reduction data, collection data and verification.
The analysis show that community participation typology in the management of tourist attraction in Espa Yeh Panes Natural Hot Spring Resort is induced participation because because local community invite to involve by PT Sentra Tirta in management of tourist attraction in Espa Yeh Panes Natural Hot Spring Resort.The characteristic of induced participation in Espa Yeh Panes Natural Hot Spring Resort is top-down, local community get sharing to benefit, local community hear and be heard but their views are not necessarily considered by decision-makers and feedback from the local community. Therefore, people need to be empowered in management of tourist attraction in Espa Yeh Panes Natural Hot Spring Resort to get benefit from the development of tourism in the region.
Keywords:Participant,Community,Management
40
Zabegina, A. R. "FEATURES OF THE TYPOLOGY OF MODERN BUILDINGS USING CLT PANELS." Вестник Московского информационно-технологического университета - Московского архитектурно-строительного института, no. 1 (2021): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.52470/2619046x_2020_1_37.
Full text
41
Koeshendrajana, Sonny, Tenny Apriliani, and Maulana Firdaus. "PENINGKATAN EFEKTIFITAS DAN EFISIENSI USAHA PERIKANAN TANGKAP LAUT SKALA KECIL MELALUI FASILITASI PETA PERKIRAAN ‘FISHING GROUND’." Jurnal Kebijakan Sosial Ekonomi Kelautan dan Perikanan 2, no. 1 (December 18, 2012): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jksekp.v2i1.9274.
Full textAbstract:
Usaha perikanan tangkap laut skala kecil mendominasi struktur perikanan Indonesia, mencakup > 90% dari struktur perikanan tangkap yang ada di Indonesia. Permasalahan utama dalam pengembangan usaha perikanan pada kelompok ini adalah keterbatasan aset dan permodalan serta sifat musiman dan resiko ketidak pastian sebagai akibat keterbatasan kapasitas yang dimiliki. Hal ini diperparah oleh minimnya keberpihakan penentu kebijakan pada kelompok usaha tersebut. Tulisan ini merupakan bagian dari penelitian Panel Kelautan dan Perikanan Nasional (PANELKANAS) yang bertujuan menyediakan database yang akurat di tingkat mikro yang mampu merepresentasikan kinerja pembangunan sektor kelautan dan perikanan. Secara spesifik penulisan artikel ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan rekomendasi kebijakan peningkatan efektivitas dan efisiensi pengelolaan perikanan tangkap laut skala kecil melalui fasilitasi peta perkiraan ‘fishing ground’. Data primer dan sekunder digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Data primer diperoleh melalui survei monitoring terhadap 30-40 contoh responden rumah tangga nelayan terpilih dengan menggunakan bantuan kuesioner terstruktur di lokasi Sibolga, Sampang dan Bitung; sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh dari laporan tahunan berbagai institusi terkait maupun hasil-hasil penelitian terdahulu. Analisis statistik deskriptif digunakan dalam penelitian ini, sedangkan penyajian dilakukan secara deskriptif eksploratif dengan bantuan teknik tabulasi silang. Hasil kajian memberikan ilustrasi dinamika musim penangkapan ikan di laut di lokasi terpilih, dinamika penguasaan aset dan investasi berdasarkan tipologi penangkapan, dinamika struktur biaya dan pendapatan serta rumusan rekomendasi kebijakan peningkatanan efektivitas dan efisiensi pengelolaan perikanan tangkap laut skala kecil melalui fasilitasi peta perkiraan ‘fishing ground’. Title: Improving Effectivity and Effienciency of Small-Scale Fisheries Business Through Facilitating the Estimated Fishing Ground Map. Small-scale fisheries business dominated the structure of Indonesian fisheries covering more than 90% of the structure of marine fisheries in Indonesia. Primary problems in the development of the sector were limited assets and capital as well as the seasonal nature and the uncertainties as a result of lack of capacity in managing the business. This situation compounded by lack of decision makers support to small scale fisheries. This paper is a part of Research Panel of the National Marine and Fisheries (PANELKANAS) which aims to provide an accurate data base at micro level by which are able to represent performance of the development of marine and fisheries sector. Specifically, this article aims to formulate policy recommendations to improving the effectiveness and efficiency marine capture fisheries management through facilitating an estimated ‘fishing ground’ map for small-scale fishers. Primary and secondary data were used in this study. Primary data were obtained through monitoring survey of 30-40 samples of selected fisher households by using a structured questionnaire at the Sibolga, Sampang and Bitung regencies, while secondary data were obtained from various institutions related to the annual report and the results of previous studies. A Descriptive statistics analysis was used in this study while the report was presented descriptive-exploratory by using cross tabulation techniques. Results of the study illustrate the dynamics of fishing season at selected locations, dynamic of control assets and investments based on the marine capture fisheries typology, dynamics of cost and revenue structure and formulation policy recommendations to improving the effectiveness and efficiency of marine capture fisheries management through the facilitation of small-scale map of the estimated ‘fishing ground’.
42
Junaidi, Junaidi. "Transformasi Sistem Pemanenan Latex Tanaman Karet: Review." JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN 16, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.30598/jbdp.2020.16.1.1.
Full textAbstract:
Most people understate that latex harvesting is merely cutting the bark and collecting the sap. Since it was cultivated in the monoculture plantation system, rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) harvesting system has been transformed continually. This article presents the transformation of rubber harvesting systems, tapping innovations that have been developed, and the current condition of rubber agribusiness and its impact on the tapping system applied. At the beginning of the development of the rubber cultivation era, tapping was conducted with multiple slicings to gain high rubber yield. This system turned into one slice to extend the economic span of the plant. The invention of latex stimulants transformed the rubber tapping system from once every two days (d2) without stimulants to once every three days (d3) with stimulants. In the case of the tapping technique, several tapping systems have been developed, including puncture tapping, upward and double-cut tapping, Alternate Tapping System, and Change Over Panel. Except for the puncture tapping, those tapping systems are still used nowadays. Latex diagnosis, that is the measurements of the sucrose, inorganic phosphate, and thiol contents in the latex, became the basis of clonal grouping and the clonal typology tapping system. The current low rubber price renders the adoption of low-frequency tapping systems (d4, d5, or d6) with high dose and frequency of stimulant application. In the future, the low-frequency tapping system will remain the ultimate choice as labor costs continue rising. Besides, the use of sensory technology and digital instruments is being widely studied, which indicates that the latex harvesting system in rubber plants is believed to continue to develop.
Keywords: Hevea brasiliensis, latex diagnosis, latex yield, stimulant, tapping
ABSTRAK
Sebagian besar masyarakat beranggapan bahwa memanen lateks hanya mengiris kulit dan menampung getahnya. Namun sebenarnya, sejak dikembangkan dalam sistem perkebunan monokultur, sistem pemanenan lateks karet (Hevea brasiliensis) terus mengalami pembaharuan. Artikel ini menyajikan transformasi sistem pemanenan lateks tanaman karet, inovasi-inovasi yang pernah dikembangkan, serta kondisi agribisnis karet saat ini dan dampaknya terhadap sistem sadap yang diterapkan. Pada awal perkembangan perkebunan karet, penyadapan dilakukan dengan banyak irisan untuk mendapatkan hasil sebanyak-banyaknya. Ini kemudian berubah menjadi satu irisan untuk memperpanjang umur ekonomis tanaman. Penggunaan stimulan mengubah sistem penyadapan karet dari dua hari sekali (d2) tanpa stimulan menjadi tiga hari sekali (d3) dengan stimulan. Dalam hal teknis, beberapa sistem sadap pernah dikembangkan antara lain, sadap tusuk, penyadapan ke arah atas, sadap ganda, Alternate Tapping System, dan Change Over Panel. Selain sadap tusuk, inovasi-inovasi penyadapan tersebut tetap digunakan sampai saat ini. Diagnosis lateks melalui pengukuran kadar sukrosa, fosfat anorganik, dan thiol dalam lateks, menjadi dasar pengelompokan klon dan penyadapan tipologi klonal. Harga karet yang rendah saat ini menyebabkan perusahaan perkebunan cenderung mengadopsi sistem sadap frekuensi rendah (d4, d5, atau d6) dengan dosis dan frekuensi stimulan yang tinggi. Di masa yang akan datang, sistem sadap frekuensi rendah akan tetap menjadi pilihan utama karena upah tenaga kerja terus meningkat. Selain itu, penggunaan teknologi sensorik dan instrumen digital mulai banyak diteliti. Melihat fakta-fakta ini, sistem pemanenan lateks pada tanaman karet diyakini akan terus berkembang.
Kata kunci: diagnosis lateks, Hevea brasiliensis, penyadapan, produksi karet, stimulan
43
Sacht, H. M., J. A. Rossignolo, and C. Bueno. "Cast-in-place concrete walls: thermal comfort evaluation of one-storey housing in São Paulo State." Revista IBRACON de Estruturas e Materiais 4, no. 1 (March 2011): 31–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1983-41952011000100003.
Full textAbstract:
This paper presents a proposal of thermal performance evaluation of a one-storey housing typology (TI24A) executed by CDHU - Companhia de Desenvolvimento Habitacional e Urbano do Estado de São Paulo, considering the use of cast-in-place monolithic panels of concrete, with different thicknesses panels (8, 10 and 12 cm) and density between 1600 and 2400 kg/m³. In this study, the specific purpose was discussing the influence of the characteristic of concrete walls on the housing thermal performance without slab. Was defined of first parameters of study (definition of the one-storey housing typology, survey about housing users behavior and cities choose) and executed computational simulation (winter and summer), for four São Paulo State cities (São Paulo, São Carlos, Santos e Presidente Prudente), with the software Arquitrop 3.0 in a one-storey housing. Was observed that in winter and summer the typologies analyzed, the panels thickness variation had more influence about results than different concrete densities. The minimum level of thermal performance (M) in winter has been granted for some cities, with exception of Santos. In summer one of São Paulo city’s typology was attended the minimum level of thermal performance in agreement with standard “NBR 15575 Residential buildings up to five storied - Performance, Part 1: General requirements”.
44
Muttillo, Mirco, Iole Nardi, Vincenzo Stornelli, Tullio de Rubeis, Giovanni Pasqualoni, and Dario Ambrosini. "On Field Infrared Thermography Sensing for PV System Efficiency Assessment: Results and Comparison with Electrical Models." Sensors 20, no. 4 (February 15, 2020): 1055. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20041055.
Full textAbstract:
The evaluation of photovoltaic (PV) system’s efficiency loss, due to the onset of faults that reduce the output power, is crucial. The challenge is to speed up the evaluation of electric efficiency by coupling the electric characterization of panels with information gathered from module diagnosis, amongst which the most commonly employed technique is thermographic inspection. The aim of this work is to correlate panels’ thermal images with their efficiency: a “thermal signature” of panels can be of help in identifying the fault typology and, moreover, for assessing efficiency loss. This allows to identify electrical power output losses without interrupting the PV system operation thanks to an advanced PV thermography characterization. In this paper, 12 faulted working panels were investigated. Their electrical models were implemented in MATLAB environment and developed to retrieve the ideal I-V characteristic (from ratings), the actual (operative) I-V characteristics and electric efficiency. Given the curves shape and relative difference, based on three reference points (namely, open circuit, short circuit, and maximum power points), faults’ typology has been evidenced. Information gathered from infrared thermography imaging, simultaneously carried out on panels during operation, were matched with those from electrical characterization. Panels’ “thermal signature” has been coupled with the “electrical signature”, to obtain an overall depiction of panels’ health status.
45
Junaidi, Junaidi. "Role of Cultivation Technology and Planting Patterns of Farmer Choice for Improving Smallholding Rubber Productivity." Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian 39, no. 2 (November 17, 2020): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jp3.v39n2.2020.p86-95.
Full textAbstract:
<p>Smallholding rubber productivity in Indonesia is still relatively low due to low cultivation technology adoption. The characteristics of smallholder plantations, with limited land tenure and capital, require a specific approach compared to large plantations. This article is aimed to inform rubber cultivation innovations to improve smallholder rubber productivity. Land conservation can increase the opportunity for developing rubber in sub-optimal environments such as peatlands, tides and high-elevated areas. Plant breeding activities in Indonesia have resulted IRR superior clones series with high yield potential (more than 1,500 kg/ha/yr), vigorous growth, and resistance to main diseases. Modification of planting space can increase land productivity and alternative income for farmers during immature period. To obtain the high yield, the clonal typology harvesting system supported by latex diagnosis can optimize the potential of clones and prevent tapping panel dryness (TPD). To increase technology adoption at the farm level, the role of extension workers, farmer groups, and support from the government is required.</p><p>Keywords: Rubber, farmers, technology, productivity</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p><strong>PERAN TEKNOLOGI BUDI DAYA DAN POLA TANAM PILIHAN PETANI DALAM MENINGKATKAN PRODUKTIVITAS KARET RAKYAT </strong></p><p>Produktivitas tanaman karet rakyat di Indonesia masih tergolong rendah, terutama disebabkan oleh adopsi teknologi budi daya belum optimal. Karakteristik perkebunan karet rakyat, terutama penguasaan lahan dan modal yang terbatas, memerlukan pendekatan spesifik dibanding perkebunan besar. Tulisan ini menginformasikan inovasi teknologi budidaya karet yang dapat meningkatkan produktivitas karet rakyat. Konservasi lahan dapat meningkatkan potensi pengembangan tanaman karet di lahan suboptimal seperti lahan gambut, pasang surut, dan daerah berelevasi tinggi. Pemuliaan tanaman di Indonesia telah menghasilkan klonklon unggul seri IRR dengan potensi hasil tinggi (rata-rata di atas 1.500 kg/ha/th), pertumbuhan jagur, dan tahan terhadap penyakit. Modifikasi pola tanam dapat meningkatkan produktivitas lahan dan sumber pendapatan petani selama tanaman belum menghasilkan (TBM). Untuk mendapatkan produksi yang tinggi dan berkelanjutan, sistem pemanenan lateks tipologi klon yang didukung oleh diagnosis lateks dapat mengoptimalkan potensi klon dan mencegah kering alur sadap (KAS). Untuk meningkatkan adopsi teknologi di tingkat petani diperlukan dukungan penyuluh, kelompok tani, dan pemerintah.</p><p>Kata kunci: Karet, petani, teknologi, produktivitas.</p>
46
Amora, Ana. "The garden in the modern hospital architecture of the ‘Carioca School’ in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil." Gardens and Landscapes of Portugal 5, no. 1 (September 1, 2018): 22–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/glp-2019-0003.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The purpose of this article is to explore the role of gardens in the architecture of hospitals of the so-called “carioca school” of architecture, between the years of 1930 and 1960. In other words, to analyze gardens in the works of carioca architects who surrounded the architect Lucio Costa, or whose projects were influenced by the conceptions of this first generation of modern architects, who first graduated architecture school at the National College of Fine Arts and then, after 1945, at the National College of Architecture, in Rio de Janeiro. The importance of gardens in the architecture of hospitals was mentioned in Edward Stevens’s book “The American hospital of the twentieth century”, in 1918, a publication which can be found at the UFRJ Architecture School library, as well as in the Brazilian doctors’ book collections at the time. Stevens dedicates a chapter of this book to the landscape theme, where he states that the hospital designer and the landscape architect should work together. On the other hand, Pasteur’s discoveries and their implications in the management of hospital space did not occur without the mediation of landscaping. They resulted in changes when it came to choose the site for the hospital building within a city, as well as in its formal typology - from the Tollet model of pavilions, to the existence of green areas surrounding high buildings, and overlapping nurseries. It is also relevant to bear in mind that public nationalist buildings played an important role after the revolution of 1930 in Brazil as they represented the state, and this resulted in significant projects. We are therefore going to present four hospital buildings which were analyzed in our research on the integration of the Arts in the architecture of hospitals. Although the Lagoa Hospital, by Oscar Niemeyer, the Sanatorium Complex of Curicica, by Sérgio Bernardes, the IPPMG, by Jorge Machado Moreira, and the Souza Aguiar Hospital, by Ary Garcia Roza, all have different programs, formal typologies and links with their surrounding area, they are good examples for debating the presence of gardens in the Modern architecture of hospitals in the city of Rio de Janeiro. Three of these examples have fortunately included projects by landscape designer Roberto Burle Marx - the Lagoa Hospital, the IPPMG and the Souza Aguiar Hospital. The two former hospitals have had their buildings be surrounded by large gardens, in order to mitigate the harmful health effects related to the inclusion of hospitals within urban areas. The latter has been built in the 1960s with a complex program, in a dense historical area downtown, but adjacent to an urban park. It includes a vertical garden, which delimits, along with a panel in the hall (also by the same designer), a hallway for the user, between the urban and the healing space.
47
Salway, Sarah, Elizabeth Such, Louise Preston, Andrew Booth, Maria Zubair, Christina Victor, and Raghu Raghavan. "Reducing loneliness among migrant and ethnic minority people: a participatory evidence synthesis." Public Health Research 8, no. 10 (July 2020): 1–246. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/phr08100.
Full textAbstract:
Background To date, there has been little research into the causes of, and solutions to, loneliness among migrant and ethnic minority people. Objectives The objectives were to synthesise available evidence and produce new insights relating to initiatives that aim to address loneliness among these populations, plus the logic, functioning and effects of such initiatives. Data sources Electronic database searches (MEDLINE, Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts and Social Science Citation Index via Web of Science – no date restrictions were applied), grey literature searches, and citation and reference searching were conducted. Data were generated via nine workshops with three consultation panels involving 34 public contributors, and one practitioner workshop involving 50 participants. Review methods Guided by ‘systems thinking’, a theory-driven synthesis was combined with an effectiveness review to integrate evidence on the nature and causes of loneliness, interventional types and programme theory, and intervention implementation and effectiveness. Results The theory review indicated that common conceptualisations of ‘loneliness’ can be usefully extended to recognise four proximate determinants when focusing on migrant and ethnic minority populations: positive social ties and interactions, negative social ties and interactions, self-worth, and appraisal of existing ties. A total of 170 interventions were included. A typology of eight interventions was developed. Detailed logic models were developed for three common types of intervention: befriending, shared-identity social support groups and intercultural encounters. The models for the first two types were generally well supported by empirical data; the third was more tentative. Evaluation of intervention processes and outcomes was limited by study content and quality. Evidence from 19 qualitative and six quantitative studies suggested that social support groups have a positive impact on dimensions of loneliness for participants. Evidence from nine qualitative and three quantitative studies suggested that befriending can have positive impacts on loneliness. However, inconsistent achievements of the befriending model meant that some initiatives were ineffective. Few studies on intercultural encounters reported relevant outcomes, although four provided some qualitative evidence and three provided quantitative evidence of improvement. Looking across intervention types, evidence suggests that initiatives targeting the proximate determinants – particularly boosting self-worth – are more effective than those that do not. No evidence was available on the long-term effects of any initiatives. UK intervention (n = 41) and non-intervention (n = 65) studies, together with consultation panel workshop data, contributed to a narrative synthesis of system processes. Interlocking factors operating at individual, family, community, organisational and wider societal levels increase risk of loneliness, and undermine access to, and the impact of, interventions. Racism operates in various ways throughout the system to increase risk of loneliness. Limitations There was a lack of high-quality quantitative studies, and there were no studies with longer-term follow-up. UK evidence was very limited. Studies addressing upstream determinants operating at the community and societal levels did not link through to individual outcome measures. Some elements of the search approach may mean that relevant literature was overlooked. Conclusions Theory regarding the causes of loneliness, and functioning of interventions, among migrant and ethnic minority populations was usefully developed. Evidence of positive impact on loneliness was strongest for shared-identity social support groups. Quantitative evidence was inadequate. The UK evidence base was extremely limited. Future work UK research in this area is desperately needed. Co-production of interventional approaches with migrant and ethnic minority people and evaluation of existing community-based initiatives are priorities. Study registration This study is registered as PROSPERO CRD42017077378. Funding This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research Public Health Research programme and will be published in full in Public Health Research; Vol. 8, No. 10. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
48
Furtado, André, Hugo Rodrigues, António Arêde, and Humberto Varum. "Double-Leaf Infill Masonry Walls Cyclic In-Plane Behaviour: Experimental and Numerical Investigation." Open Construction and Building Technology Journal 12, no. 1 (February 28, 2018): 35–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874836801812010035.
Full textAbstract:
Background: The infill masonry walls are widely used in the construction of reinforced concrete buildings for different reasons (partition, thermal and acoustic demands). Since the ‘60s decade, one of the most common typology in the southern Europe was the double-leaf infill walls. Recent earthquake events proved that this specific typology have an important role in the seismic response of reinforced concrete structures in terms of stiffness, strength and failure mechanisms. However, modelling approaches of these specific infill panels cannot be found over the literature. Objective: Due to this, the major goal of the present manuscript is to present a simplified modelling strategy to simulate the double-leaf infill masonry walls seismic behaviour in the software OpenSees. Method: For this, two different modelling strategies were proposed, namely through a global and an individual modelling of the panels. An equivalent double-strut model was assumed and both strategies were compared and calibrated with experimental results from a full-scale in-plane test of a double-leaf infill masonry wall. Results: The numerical results obtained by each strategy are very accurate in terms of prediction of the specimen’ initial stiffness, maximum strength and strength degradation. Conclusion: From the force evolution throughout the tests, it was observed differences lower than 10%. Globally, the individual modelling approach reached better results.
49
Nogueira, Nasaré Vieira, and Luiz Ricardo Kabbach de Castro. "Effects of ownership structure on the mergers and acquisitions decisions in Brazilian firms." RAUSP Management Journal 55, no. 2 (December 6, 2019): 227–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rausp-11-2018-0124.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of ownership structure on merger and acquisition (M&A) decisions of Brazilian listed companies. Design/methodology/approach This paper is an applied and explanatory research based on secondary data. The sample is comprises non-financial companies listed on the BM&FBovespa between 1998 and 2007. Considering that the dependent variable is binary, the authors estimate panel data logistic regression models. Considering the existence of conflicts of interest among those who have the decision-making power and the supplier of capital for M&A transactions, they draw upon the Agency Theory to develop the theoretical hypotheses. Findings The results show that, for a sample of Brazilian non-financial companies listed on the BM&FBovespa (B3), from 1998 to 2007, Brazilian firms present, on average, a highly concentrated ownership structure and the major controlling shareholders are families or the State. These characteristics are negatively related to the likelihood of M&A transactions, as most of these controlling shareholders are reluctant to adopt mechanisms that reduce their control. Research limitations/implications With regard to the limitations, this study considered only the M&A definitions as stated by the Bureau van Dijk database. In this sense, future studies may analyze the effects of ownership structure based on other M&A definitions and typologies. In addition, the study is limited to the period from 1998 to 2007, which is prior to the international financial crisis. Future studies may extend the analysis period to include the post-crisis period (2008) to check if there are differences in M&A strategies before and after the crisis. Practical implications From a managerial perspective, the results show that minority shareholders have little or no influence over an M&A decision, so they cannot decide on the use of resources for fast growth and access to new markets through M&A. Thus, the investment decision must take into account the nature and the quality of the controlling shareholder. Social implications This study shows a significant and negative effect of ownership concentration on the likelihood of M&A transactions. In part, this result demonstrates the importance of understanding the behavior of controlling shareholders before inferring on other key aspects that the M&A literature tends to make fundamental in explaining M&A decisions in publicly traded companies, particularly, in an environment of low minority shareholder protection. Originality/value Previous studies have partly found that the M&A decision is motivated by individual advantages obtained from increasing the size of the firm, or from managerial hubris. The results show that these hypotheses do not hold in the Brazilian context. Moreover, the results indicate that M&A decisions are associated with the characteristics of the controlling shareholder, their level of ownership concentration and their typology, contributing to the agency debate on whether the incentive or the entrenchment effect prevails in the context of the agency problem between controlling and minority shareholders, particularly, in an institutional environment of low shareholder protection.
50
Cassely, Ludovic, Sami Ben Larbi, Christophe Revelli, and Alain Lacroux. "Corporate social performance (CSP) in time of economic crisis." Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal 12, no. 5 (June 28, 2021): 913–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sampj-07-2020-0262.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose This study aims to compare the different effects of the 2008 economic crisis on companies’ corporate social performance (CSP) in coordinated market economies (CMEs) and liberal market economies (LMEs). Design/methodology/approach This paper mobilizes a pluralistic theoretical framework that borrows from neo-institutional and corporate governance theories to compare the impacts of the 2008 economic crisis on long-term CSP in an international context. Based on the longitudinal database of Vigeo Eiris (2004–2015), the panel was decomposed between two models of capitalism (LME and CME). For each model, this paper conducted a series of regressions, taking into account the longitudinal nature of the data using estimates based on generalized estimating equations (Liang and Zeger, 1986). Findings The paper shows that the economic crisis prompted companies operating in LMEs and CMEs to reorient their corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices in quite different ways during the four-year period that the crisis lasted, as well as the succeeding four-year post-crisis period. While CSR was perceived in LMEs as a threat during the crisis period because of the additional costs it generated, it offered CME companies a way of redefining how they relate to the rest of society, with their goal becoming the creation of greater shared value. Research limitations/implications The results are dependent from the data, and specifically from the Vigeo Eiris database. It would be interesting to extrapol this kind of research with the use of other CSP/environmental, social and governance (ESG) databases as Morgan Stanley Capital International, Sustainalytics or RepRisk, to compare and conclude more globally on tendencies. Another limitation relates to the binary nature of Hall and Soskice’s (2001) typology, with its neo-institutionalist inspiration, that puts Continental European and social-democratic models of capitalism on the same plane. Practical implications This study teaches managers, analysts and policymakers that CSR can be a powerful strategic lever capable of remedying the harmful effects that economic crises have in both LMEs and CMEs, notwithstanding the cultural, socio-economic and political differences between these models of capitalism. Economic and social crises must help companies to rethink and revisit their business models and CSR practices to subsequently implement sustainability strategies more in sync with the values forced upon them by the economic systems to which they belonged but also by all their stakeholders. Social implications From a managerial standpoint, this study allows practitioners to consider CSR as an opportunity to rethink their strategy and business models in a period of crisis, and no more a threat that could reduce the economic performance in increasing the costs, and thus, the cost of financing. Originality/value After reading the literature on the topic, this paper clearly thinks about the high degree of contribution of the paper, as the topic is not so developed and that the study implies several contributions. First, from a theoretical level, the study differs from previous research studies insofar as it compares the impacts of the economic crisis on companies’ CSP in CMEs and LMEs using a theoretical framework that operationalizes both contractual and neo-institutional theories. Second, from a methodological standpoint, the approach using an ESG data provider known worldwide (Vigeo Eiris) has not been down yet. Third, on a managerial level, the present study teaches managers, analysts and policymakers that CSR can be a powerful strategic lever capable of remedying the harmful effects that economic crises have in both LMEs and CMEs, notwithstanding the cultural, socio-economic and political differences between these models of capitalism.