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1
Seetharam, Y. N. "Clusiaceae : palynology and systematics /." Pondichéry : [Paris] : Institut français ; [diff. J. Maisonneuve], 1985. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36651527x.
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Scotland, Robert Winning. "Palynology and systematics of Acanthaceae." Thesis, University of Reading, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333341.
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Francis, Elizabeth. "The palynology of the Glencloy area." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317068.
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Al-Ghammari, Mutasam. "Ordovician-Silurian palynology of Oman. Vol.1." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.531197.
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Warnes, Malcolm D. "The palynology of the Ohai coalfield, Southland." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Geology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/10440.
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The Upper Cretaceous Morley Coal Measures in the Ohai Coalfield are one of three non-marine formations constituting the Ohai Group. In the past, seam correlation has generally been carried out using lithological criteria, however due to dramatic thinning and splitting of seams, associated faulting, and abrupt facies changes uncertainties in coal seam correlation have frequently arisen. In order to minimize lithostratigraphic uncertainties Couper (1964) pioneered a palynological zonation which demonstrated the potential of palynology for coal seam correlation. However, Couper's early work has proved unreliable and is in need of further refinement. Recent drillholes incorporating almost fully cored sequences of the Morley Formation have permitted further palynological examination of the coal measures. Nine drillholes were selected and 140 samples taken, at 10 metre intervals, for palynological analyses.
The Morley Coal Measures are unconformably overlain by the Beaumont Coal Measures. This important boundary, though difficult to detect lithologically, is readily defined on palynological grounds.
Biostratigraphic subdivision of the Morley Coal Measures was investigated by the application of three quantitative techniques. These entailed the construction and analysis of: (1) Standard pollen diagrams based on relative abundances of selected taxa and groups of taxa; (2) Pollen diagrams zoned by the numerical method of cluster analysis; (3) Ratios of selected taxa of recurrent and variably high frequency.
Technique (1), involving relative abundance patterns of key taxa and groups of taxa was successful in providing a basis for subdivision of the Morley Coal Measures into three pollen zones, two interzonal units and two unzoned units. The three pollen zones were, in stratigraphically descending order: The Nothofagus kaitangata acme zone, the SPPA assemblage zone, and the Tricolpites reticulatus acme zone.
Techniques (2) and (3) were, in all practicality, unproductive, although results suggested that, with refinement, cluster analysis could aid the zonation of pollen diagrams.
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Llewellyn, Rhian. "Palynology through the early Wenlock Ireviken Event." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2015. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/palynology-through-the-early-wenlock-ireviken-event(e49e9e01-6288-4e69-8e6e-6de11ce90142).html.
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An early Sheinwoodian (Wenlock) chitinozoan assemblage is reported from a high-resolution investigation undertaken at Buttington Brick Pit, mid-Wales (positioned on the mid-shelf of the Welsh Basin in the early Wenlock). The lower Sheinwoodian strata from the locality are assigned herein to three local chitinozoan biozones: the margaritana chitinozoan Biozone, the bouniensis chitinozoan Biozone and the bella chitinozoan Biozone, which can all be correlated with the pre-established graptolite biostratigraphy of the section. The chitinozoan assemblage allows for, at least partial, stratigraphical correlation within the Welsh Basin and with other areas in Avalonia, Baltica, and peri-Gondwana. The ‘Interzone IV’ of Nestor (1994) is reported from the Welsh Basin for the first time. Chitinozoans are recovered throughout the section and show decreased diversity at levels within the riccartonensis graptolite Biozone. The lower part of the early Sheinwoodian positive carbon isotope excursion has been recognised previously from the section and a palaeoenvironmental investigation of the microphytoplankton assemblage herein has been undertaken from levels where carbon isotope data are available. The relative abundance of acritarchs (categorised by both genera and various informal morphotype groupings), prasinophytes, and sphaeromorphs within the microphytoplankton assemblage are considered to fluctuate with regard to proximity to shore, and are therefore considered diagnostic of sea-level change. The palaeoenvironmental signal from the microphytoplankton assemblage implies that a sea-level rise is associated with an interval of relatively low carbon isotope values that is superimposed upon the Sheinwoodian positive carbon isotope excursion, and recognised from multiple regions (e.g. Laurentia, Avelonia, and the Baltica).
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Dolez, Ludovic. "Évolution des paysages végétaux en Languedoc durant l’Holocène : apport de la palynologie à l’étude des milieux et des agrosystèmes." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MON30076/document.
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Cette thèse se propose d’étudier l’évolution des milieux et des agrosystèmes en Languedoc durant les derniers dix millénaires grâce à l’étude des paléo-végétations. Tout en réévaluant les recherches anciennes, ce travail affine la résolution temporelle des mutations paysagères enregistrées et apporte une vision à l’échelle du Languedoc occidental, par l’étude des bassins versants de l’Aude et de l’Hérault. À partir de l’analyse palynologique de carottages effectués dans des zones lagunaires proches d’Agde et de Narbonne, ce travail met en exergue la coévolution entre milieux et agrosystèmes, tant sur le temps long que sur le temps de l’Homme, en analysant les particularités et les rapprochements entre dynamiques de ces deux bassins versants comme les stratégies d’exploitation du territoire développées par l’Homme, l’utilisation de ressources végétales spécifiques ainsi que les types et zones de cultures et de pâturages, au niveau des aires littorales, mais aussi dans l’arrière-pays languedocienThis thesis studies the evolution of environments and agricultural systems in Languedoc during the last ten millennia through the paleo-vegetation. Reassessing old research, this work refines the temporal resolution of the landscape changes and provides vision at the western Languedoc scale, by the study of Aude and Hérault rivers watershed. From the pollen analyzes of cores drilled in lagoons close to Agde and Narbonne, this work highlights the coevolution between agricultural systems and environments, both long time and Man time, analyzing particularities and dynamic connections between these two watersheds like the territorial exploitation strategies developed by humans, the use of specific plant resources and the types and areas of crops and pastures, in coastal areas and in the Languedoc hinterland
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Watanasak, Manas. "Mid-tertiary palynology of onshore and offshore Thailand /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1988. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phm267.pdf.
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Whelan, Gillian M. "The palynology of selected Ordovician localities in Scotland." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1988. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/872/.
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Ordovician samples have been collected from various places from within three separate terranes in Scotland; the Highland Border Complex, the Southern Uplands and the Midland Valley. The samples have been palynologically processed and their assemblages studied with the aim of understanding some of the palaeoecological, biostratigraphical and thermal relationships of the three areas.Seventy one samples have been processed from nine localities of the Highland Border Complex and these have yielded fifteen species of chitinozoans in four genera, as well as indeterminate species of those genera. There are also five species of acritarchs in four genera as well as other microfossils. Black shales from the Complex yield the most diverse palynomorph assemblages, and were probably deposited from Arenig through to Caradoc although not necessarily at the same time in different parts of the basin. The preservation of palynomorphs appears to be better in the west of Scotland than in the east.From the Southern Uplands samples have been processed from Coldingham Bay and proved barren, from Barrhill the assemblages are poor, but from the Ordovician-Silurian bondary beds (C. peltifer to P. acuminatus Zones) at Dob's Linn they are quite diverse although abundance is very low, with forty three samples yielding thirty three species of acritarchs in eighteen genera, thirty one species of chitinozoans in thirteen genera and various other microfossils. The boundary cannot be delineated using the palynological assemblages, and although Tylotopalla sp. A and Ancyrochitina ancyrea Eisenack 1931 are common in most of the samples from the boundary the palynomorphs do not appear to mirror the changes that occur in the graptolite assemblages.From the Midland Valley samples have been processed from eight miscellaneous localities in the region of Girvan, giving very little biostratigraphical data, although one sample from Doularg Hill is dated as upper Arenig to lower Llanvirn. A section of twelve samples processed from the Mill and Shalloch Formations (D. complanatus and D. anceps Zones) at Woodland Point, Girvan, has yielded thirty five species of chitinozoans in twelve genera including a new species Angochitina woodlandensis and five new combinations; Belonechitina comma (Eisenack 1959), Belonechitina hirsuta (Laufeld 1967). Belonechitina micracantha (Eisenack 1931), Belonechitina schopfi subsp. americana (Taugourdeau 1965), and Belonechitina seriespinosa (Jenkins 1969). There are also forty seven species of acritarchs in twentyone genera, including two new species; Actinotodissus woodlandense, and Goniosphaeridium girvanense, and many scolecodonts. Spores are common and three species are recognised at Woodland Point. The samples are dated as Upper Ordovician and Calpichitina lenticularis (Bouche 1965) and Acanthochitina barbata appear to be important Upper Ordovician indicators, possibly being near-shore species as they are not found in rocks of the same age at Dob's Linn. Calpichitina lenticularis is very important in one sample and less so in all the others and it is suggested that it may be reworked. The palaeoecological picture at Woodland point shows an offshore situation in the Mill Formation, becoming more near-shore at the base of the Shalloch Formation and then more off-shore again.The palaeoecology of both Dob's Linn and Woodland Point are discussed and chitinozoans found to be more common in black shales than grey mudstones, although the acritarchs do not appear to be preferentially found in grey mudstones or black shales. Netromorph acritarchs are less common at Dob's Linn than was expected, but are very common at Woodland Point which may suggest that the sediments at Woodland Point were deposited more offshore than those at Dob's Linn but were more greatly influenced by turbiditic material. Sphaeromorph acritarchs at Woodland Point are very common and due to the variable thickness of the walls it is suggested that there is a mixing of near-shore and off-shore species, possibly by the turbiditic action mentioned above. Belonechitina is markedlymore important at Woodland Point than at Dob's Linn the reverse of which is true with Cyathochitina . The suggested reason for this is that Belonechitina is a near-shore species whilst Cyathochitina is an off-shore species. Veryhachium appears to become more important towards the end of the Ordovician, as a sample each from Woodland Point and Dob's Linn contain three species of this relatively rare genus, although the significance of this is not yet known.The sample from Dob's Linn and Woodland Point are compared with published works using the jacquard Coefficient and the results presented. The samples at Dob's Linn are compared with the Ordovician-Silurian boundary sediments elsewhere, and although different species are present at Dob's Linn and on Anticosti Island, and the abundance and diversity is lower at Dob's Linn, the boundary in Scotland has a much better palynomorph assemblage than was expected. The boundary assemblage presented here is quite similar to the one in Skane, Sweden.Finally the thermal history of the samples is discussed, and a general trend appears, with the samples from Girvan being the least altered, those from the Southern Uplands being moderately altered and finally the Highland Border Complex samples which have been subjected to temperatures probably between 200 and 300oC, and thus strongly altered.
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Gray, Catherine Elizabeth Darnell. "Characterising the Namaqualand Mudbelt: Chronology, Palynology and Palaeoenvironments." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4856.
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This multiproxy study explores the palaeoenvironmental record of two cores, H2 and H7, from the Namaqualand Mudbelt representing an arid and highly variable landscape. As bulk organic radiocarbon ages previously proved problematic, with anomalous reversals, the primary objective was to improve chronology and palaeoenvironmental reconstructions through high resolution 813C, 81SN and pollen analysis, with the aid of principal component analysis. Bulk organic radiocarbon dating of the surface sediment had previously yielded older than expected ages. New 210Pb analysis has established that these surface sediments are modem and radiocarbon ages are now recalibrated to yield an adjusted age of ±3 470 cal yr BP at the base of the more distal core, H7. Pollen spectra correlate well with stable isotopes and include recent disturbance indicators in the Succulent Karoo, Grassland, Karoo expansion, stock farming, impoundment, saltmarsh degradation and increase in domestic cereal cultivation. The proximal and distal mudbelt sites are, however, isotopically distinct, with 813C, inverse nitrogen and C/N ratios characterising H2 as more terrestrial. The excursion towards C3-rich values at around 6m depth in the proximal mudbelt suggests an increase in marine sources and C3 vegetation, while associated pollen aridity indicators implicate reduced inland flooding. This is contrasted against more humid conditions at 420 cm. Stronger upwelling occurred in near-surface distal mudbelt sediment and an influx of the Buffels River sediment flooded the region at ±3470 yr BP, indicating cooler, less arid conditions. 813C studies reveal the Lower Xobies palaeoflood deposit to be less C4-rich than expected, possibly due to sediment source, and is strikingly isotopically similar to the distal mudbelt. The palaeoenvironmental interpretation of the pollen assemblage, isotopes and chronology presents an improved understanding of the region represented in the mudbelt sediments. This corresponds well with established records of the last ±3 500 years and human induced land use change within the Orange River Catchment. Results also highlight the dynamics of the Orange River, which, combined with a highly variable climate, suggest that caution should be exercised to avoid over-interpreting the level at which environmental changes can meaningfully be reconstructed in arid landscapes, particularly those which are subject to sporadic and catastrophic flooding events.
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Whelan, Gillian Mary. "The palynology of selected Ordovician localities in Scotland." Connect to e-thesis, 1988. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/872/.
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Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Glasgow, 1988.Ph.D. thesis submitted to the Faculty of Science, Department of Geology, University of Glasgow, 1988. BLL : DX170958/93. Includes bibliographical references. Print version also available.
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Wang, Xia-Cheng. "Post-glacial vegetation history of the Aishihik Basin and its vicinity, southwest Yukon Territory, Canada: A palynological perspective." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5948.
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Bourgeois, Jocelyne C. "Modern and holocene pollen assemblages from Arctic ice caps." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/8535.
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Records of pollen deposition on arctic ice caps are used to infer paleoenvironments of the Holocene and atmospheric circulation patterns in the Arctic. As part of this study, several snow samples were collected over a broad area, over the course of several years, to investigate modern pollen deposition patterns in the Arctic. Pollen assemblages recovered from arctic snow are diverse and consist of tundra and forest types. The results show that pollen percentages and concentrations are related to the density of the regional vegetation and to the distance of the source in more productive regions. In addition, the long-distance transport of tree and shrub pollen permits the identification of regional patterns that might be used to define air mass trajectories in the Arctic. In a more detailed analysis, the seasonal and annual variations in pollen deposition in snow layers were studied on four ice caps, including one in the Russian Arctic. It is shown that the pollen succession in the annual snow layers is related to the flowering periods of arctic and southern plants. The amount of pollen reaching the ice caps varies from year to year. Furthermore the variability in the number of tree and shrub pollen increases with decreasing distance to the treeline. The last section of this study is an interpretation of a Holocene record of pollen distribution in an ice core from the Agassiz Ice Cap, Ellesmere Island. Pollen concentrations, particularly those of tree pollen, were highest in the early Holocene, decreased in the mid-Holocene, and changed relatively rapidly after ca. 3500 years ago. In the early Holocene, the pollen profile parallels the delta 18O and ice-melt records from the same ice core, indicating that the warmest summer temperatures occurred very early in the Holocene. The high concentration of tree pollen in the early Holocene, when large parts of Canada were still ice-covered and forest zones more limited and generally farther away, implies that atmospheric circulation was stronger than at present. The data may be of significant value to comprehensive studies of atmospheric dynamics and vegetation changes.
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Askew, Alexander J. "The Middle Devonian palynology and biostratigraphy of northern Spain." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/22442/.
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The Naranco, Huergas and Gustalapiedra formations of the Asturias, León and Palencia provinces of northern Spain represent a nearshore marine clastic sequence deposited during the Mid Devonian. The formations are laterally equivalent, becoming more offshore in character through León and Palencia but representing the same stratigraphic interval. They have received limited palynological study, despite previous reports of their palynological assemblage and their important stratigraphic interval at the onset of early forests. A palynomorph assemblage from these formations is described here, comprising acritarchs, prasinophytes, chitinozoans and dispersed spores, with additional comment on the formations' lithology. The sampled rock was processed using standard palynological procedures and yielded a well-preserved assemblage, though thermal maturity was variable. A quantitative count of the palynomorph assemblage was undertaken using a Lycopodium spike. The assemblage is an early Givetian one, as evidenced by the presence of Geminospora lemurata, with some evidence of diachronism in the further offshore locations. The formations' biostratigraphy, in conjunction with lithological evidence, indicates that deposition was rapid. The assemblage presents various unexpected features, with some important taxa absent and others present at an unusual time. The palynomorph assemblage is significantly endemic to Iberia, and this is interpreted as indicating significant palaeogeographic isolation of northern Spain during the Middle Devonian. Terrestrial spores were prevented from dispersing here by a large geographic separation, while marine plankton may have been stopped by ocean currents running past these isolated islands, also indicating an open Rheic Ocean able to support such currents. This deposition also took place just after the Kačák Event, a major extinction event in the marine realm. The results presented here support an existing, monsoonal hypothesis for the origin of the Kačák Event, as this would also create the rapid nearshore deposition observed here, however this raises questions over how the event would be expected to manifest around the world. As an environmental event, the anoxia usually used to mark the event may have been sporadic or localised, not necessarily occurring in all areas, especially the nearshore location studied here. These results lend support to the existing idea of the Kačák Event as a longer, possibly polyphased event extending into the earliest Givetian.
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Glaister, Christopher Graham. "Palynology of late Pleistocene marine sediments in North Denmark." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.621662.
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Uwins, Philippa Joanne Rashleigh. "Early to mid Cretaceous palynology of Cyrenaica, northeast Libya." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1987. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU010065.
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155 Early Cretaceous core and cuttings samples from 15 northeast Libyan wells have been dated, mainly on the basis of dinoflagellate cyst assemblages although stratigraphically important spore and pollen taxa have also been used when dinocysts are rare, absent or not age diagnostic. Spores and pollens have also helped with palaeoenvironmental reconstructions. Six distinct associations that are both stratigraphically and palaeoenvironmentally controlled are identified; these range from Hauterivian to early Cenomanian age. ? late Hauterivian to ? middle Barremian assemblages (IA) are dominated by dinoflagellate cysts thought to indicate lower than normal marine salinities, namely Cyclonephelium hystrix, Muderongia simplex microperforata, and Systematophora spp. Barremian assemblages (IB) are characterised by the presence of Aptea anaphrissa, and those from the early to late middle Aptian (II) by several other species of Aptea, especially A. securigera and the pollen Afropollis operculatus. An inner to middle shelf, pre-Vraconian Albian association (IIIA) comprises numerous morphologically varied dinoflagellate cysts including several species of each of the genera Coronifera, Oligosphaeridium, Spiniferites and Subtilisphaera notably S.terrula, and S.deformans/S.perlucida, whereas near-shore deposits of approximately the same age (IIIB) contain fewer cysts, more miospores and some megaspores. Both reflect a regression of the sea in the region prior to a major Late Cretaceous transgression, the early stages of which are indicated by two Vraconian-early Cenomanian associations (IVA and IVB). These consist of numerous chorate and proximochorate dinoflagellate cysts including Cyclonephelium, Dinopterygium, Florentinia, Oligosphaeridium, Spiniferites, Palaeohystrichophora infusorioides and Subtilisphaera cheit. Generic and species diversity is however higher in IVA, implying deposition in more open marine conditions than assemblages identified as IVB, which contain larger numbers of miospores. The complexities of intergeneric and intra- and interspecific morphological variation are described and illustrated for several taxonomic groups, including Aptea, Coronifera, Cyclonephelium, Dinopterygium, Florentinia, Kiokansium, Occisucysta, Oligosphaeridium, Palaeohystrichophora, Protoellipsodinium, Subtilisphaera and Xiphophoridium. Several possible synonymies at both generic and specific levels are suggested, and 10 informal species and three varieties of Florentinia berran are described.
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Simpson, David James. "The palynology of the Haua Fteah, Cyrenaica, Eastern Libya." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.711903.
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Hu, Feng Sheng. "An ecosystem approach to the study of late-Quaternary environmental change in southwestern Alaska /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5577.
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Marshall, Dawn Marie. "Ethnopalynological appplications in land and water based archaeology." Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/85781.
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Ethnopalynology is a specialty within palynology that centers specifically on past
and present palynological data related to humans. Palynological data may be a
significant tool to archaeologists if the applications and limitations are clearly
understood. The following is a compilation of historical references, information on the
processing procedures used in pollen research, the types of samples that are appropriate
for palynological analysis within the discipline of archaeology, and examples of how
palynological data can answer some questions regarding diet, the environment, building
materials and chronological data. An extensive literature review was performed and
revealed incongruities and areas that could be improved upon. This dissertation is a
result of that research. Experimentation with palynological processing procedures
indicate that commonly used methodologies may be flawed and should be reviewed
regularly. New methodologies in the dissolution of resins, or plant exudates, is a
relatively new application for pollen research and an area where there is a potential for
future growth. Palynological applications to archaeology are beginning to expand in previously unknown directions. The extrication of pollen from plant exudates or resin is
only one new area of research. This and other avenues are still waiting to be explored.
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Rowett, A. "The megafossil and microfossil floras of the Curlew Formation, Queensland /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1986. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phr8812.pdf.
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Piper, Adrian T. "Evaluation of palynofacies analysis in the interpretation of depositional environments in the Middle Jurassic of Yorkshire." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295476.
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Fitzpatrick, Meriel E. J. "Turonian dinoflagellate cyst assemblages from southern England." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/2029.
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Little recent work has directly addressed the variation in dinoflagellate cyst assemblages and the resulting biostratigraphy from the Turonian of southern England. Sampling (every 1-2m) of the whole succession from three areas (Dover, Sussex and the Isle of Wight), together with sedimentological and macropalaeontological detail provided a good basis for what is primarily a biostratigraphical study. Altogether 328 samples were analysed. It is one of the aims of this project to expand on the knowledge and geographical limits of dinoflagellate cyst assemblages from the Turonian. Full descriptions of all dinoflagellate cyst species have been included. Two new species are believed to have been noted, first Litosphaeridium "chlidanum" n. sp. (Marshall, 1983) and ? Microdinium "tuberculatum" n. sp., which are indicators of a latest Cenomanian and Turonian age respectively. Three palynozones have been recognised for the Turonian, based upon the ranges and acmes of the following species: Senoniasphaera rotundata, Heterosphaeridium dilltile, Florentinia buspina, Florentinia torulosa and Endoscrinium campanula. Cluster analysis was applied to the data sets to look for statistically related samples and thus separate palynozones. However most of the dinoflagellate cyst species are long-ranging and this did not provide any substantial evidence for any zones. Generally the dinoflagellate cyst assemblages were of variable diversities and abundances (0-41; 0->300 respectively). The samples were barren or yielded poor assemblages at the base of the Turonian, but the flora recovered towards the middle part of the succession with increasing diversities and abundances being recorded. However, the high diversities and abundances of the Late Cenomanian were never achieved. Samples of chalk, marl and flint were analysed for their dinocyst content to see if the assemblages were lithologically constrained. It was found that the lithology did not appear to control the cyst assemblages with low to high diversities and abundances being recorded from all lithologies. It has been noted that particular types of flint (Thalassinoides) may produce richer dinoflagellate cyst assemblages (higher diversities and abundances) which may be related to the diagenetic stage represented by the flint. Statistical analyses were applied to all data sets to provide evidence to support these hypotheses. Unfortunately these methods did not produce any conclusive results. Some palaeoenvironmental interpretation has been carefully attempted using modern analogues as a guideline. The relative occurrence of three groups (Gonyaulax, Odontochitina and Cyclonephelium) have been plotted for two of the areas (Dover and Sussex) and are thought to reflect periods of changing sea-level which correspond broadly to the sea-level curves of Hancock & Kauffman (1989) and Haq et al. (1988).
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Baghai, Nina Lucille. "An analysis of palynomorphs from upper Cretaceous sedimentary rocks with emphasis in the Aguja Formation, Big Bend National Park, Brewster County, Texas /." Digital version, 1996. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p9719292.
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Langford, Mitchel. "Some applications of digital image processing for automation in palynology." Thesis, University of Hull, 1988. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:3098.
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Chowdhury, Sifatul Q. "Sedimentology, palynology and diagenesis of the Namurian in North Wales." Thesis, Aston University, 1986. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/14361/.
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Anshari, Gusti Zakaria. "Late quaternary vegetation and environments in the Lake Sentarum Wildlife Reserve, West Kalimantan, Indonesia." Monash University, School of Geography and Environmental Science, 2000. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/9252.
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Moutoux, Thomas E. "Palynological and tephra correlations among deep wells in the modern Great Salt Lake, Utah, USA implications for a neogene through pleistocene climatic reconstruction /." Thesis, [Tucson, Ariz. : University of Arizona], 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/191347.
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Neulieb, Thomas. "Refining the marine reservoir effect in the Northwest North Atlantic." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=121481.
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This research examines whether 14C dating of pollen grains can be used as an alternative dating method for marine sediments and if the pollen ages can be used to refine the value of the Marine Reservoir Effect (MRE) applied to marine carbonates from cores retrieved from along the East Canadian Margin (Newfoundland and Scotian Shelves). Precise dating is critically important to situate abrupt climate events, such as the onsets and conclusions of the 8.2 ka cooling event, Younger Dryas, and Preboreal Oscillation and sediments thought relevant to these events have been used in my study. Pollen was extracted from ocean and wetland sediments cored from the eastern Canadian margin, James Bay region and Maritime Provinces of Canada and 14C dated using Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS). Pollen dates from ocean sediments were compared with marine carbonate (mollusk shells or foraminifera) dates from the same core levels for which reworking has been excluded. The validity of the core dates was assessed via correlations with cores from other studies. Pollen samples from three tidal wetlands were taken from levels dated with 137Cs and 210Pb profiles. Ages of pollen from two additional wetlands were compared with 14C dates of botanical macrofossils.Most pollen dates vary from 14C dates based on macrofossils or carbonates, with age differences typically exceeding 250 years and over 3000 years in one instance. In some samples pollen ages were younger than the corresponding carbonate, as expected, since pollen ages should not be affected by the MRE. These differences in age between these MRE affected carbonates and the non MRE affected pollen, suggest that a MRE and the associated reservoir age could alter our understanding of the climatic timeline for the eastern Canadian Margin. However, these new reservoir ages have yet to be validated with the stratigraphic interpretations of the cores with which they are associated. In some cores, however, pollen dates show age reversals. Significant proportions of reworked pollen grains in ocean and wetland samples are associated with pollen dates that are too old. Prolonged core storage could result in pollen 14C ages that are too young, possibly because of bacterial growth but more work is needed to verify this hypothesis. Despite the problems encountered, some pollen dates are consistent with other 14C dates from the same core levels, suggesting this dating method can work. At present however, more work is needed to understand the conflicting results obtained.Cette recherche vise à determiner si la datation par carbone 14 des grains de pollen peut être utilisée comme méthode alternative de datation des sédiments marins et si l'âge du pollen peut être utilisé pour raffiner la correction due à l'effet réservoir marin (Marine Reservoir Effect) appliquée aux carbonates marins des carottes prélevée le long de la marge de l'est canadien (plateaux continental de Terre-neuve et Néo-Écossais). Une datation précise est d'une grande importance afin de situer dans le temps des évènements climatiques soudains comme le début et la fin de la période de refroidissement du 8.2 ka, l'oscillation du Dryas récent et l'oscillation du Préboréal et les sédiments correspondant à ces évènements ont été utilisés dans cette étude. Du pollen a été extrait de sédiments océaniques et de zones humides prélevés sur la marge est-canadienne, dans la région de la Baie James et dans les provinces maritimes du Canada et datés au carbone 14 en utilisant la méthode d`accélération de particules et le spectromètre de mass « Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) ». Les dates basées sur le pollen des sédiments marins ont été comparées avec celles obtenues sur des carbonates marins (coquilles de mollusques et foraminifères) provenant des mêmes niveaux dans les carottes, pour lesquelles le remaniement a été exclu. La validité des dates des carottes a été évaluée via des corrélations avec des carottes provenant d`autres études, également datées. Des échantillons de pollen de trois zones humides de marrée ont été pris aux niveaux qui ont été préalablement datés avec des profils de Cs 137 et Pb 210. Lesâges du pollen de deux autres zones humides ont été comparés avec les âges carbone 14 de macrorestes botaniques. La plupart des dates carbone 14 basées sur le pollen diffèrent de celles basées sur les macrorestes ou les carbonates, avec des différences d'âge de plus de 250 ans, et même de 3000 ans dans un cas. Dans quelques échantillons, les âges basées sur le pollen sont plus jeunes que ceux des carbonates du même niveau, tel que prévu. Ces différences entre les âges des carbonates, qui sont affectés par l'effet réservoir marin et les âges du pollen, qui ne sont pas par l'effet réservoir marin, semble indiquer un effet réservoir marin, et la correction d`âge réservoir associée à cet effet pourrait altérer notre compréhension de la chronologie climatique de la marge continentale de l`est de Canada. Cependant, ces nouveaux âges réservoir n'ont pas encore été validés avec les interprétations stratigraphiques des carottes avec lequelles ils sont associés. Toutefois, dans certaines carottes, les dates du pollen montrent des inversions d'âge. Des proportions significatives des grains de pollen retravaillés, dans les milieux marins et les zones humides, ont été associées avec des dates polliniques trop âgées. L'entreposage prolongé des carottes pourrait résulter en des dates carbone 14 trop jeunes, possiblement dû à la croissance de bactéries mais plus de recherche est nécessaire pour vérifier cette hypothèse. Malgré les difficultés rencontrées, quelques dates basées sur le pollen sont consistentes avec les autres dates carbone 14 du même niveau dans la carotte, suggérant que cette méthode de datation peut fonctionner. Pour l'instant, plus de recherche est nécessaire pour comprendre les résultats contradictoires obtenus.
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Pearson, Alastair William. "Carn Ingli, circa 1500BC to AD1845 : the application of geographical information systems to the study of settlement development at Newport, Pembrokeshire." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308842.
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The primary aim of this study is to provide a cogent description and explanation of change in rural settlement between circa 1 ,500BC and AD 1845 for an area centred on Mynydd Cam Ingli, Pembrokeshire. Using a range of data sources, it evaluates the capability and validity of applying new methods and techniques offered by geographical information systems (GIS) to realise this aim and explore its potential for extending the agenda of possible archaeological and historical enquiry. Recently published work demonstrates a growing awareness of the potential benefits of applying GIS to archaeological resource management and landscape archaeology, yet there is little evidence of its application to an integrated archaeological, palaeoenvironmental, historical and geographical enquiry. It is not the intention to use archaeological and historical data to demonstrate merely the merits of GIS, but to judge its success in 'doing' archaeological and historical research. Data sources are used irrespective of their suitability for input and analysis within the GIS. Each source is examined individually to gauge their reliability and also to reveal what they tell us about past settlement. The extent and nature of the archaeological record is assessed using air photography together with associated palaeoenvironmental evidence. Opportunity is taken to reflect on the potential value of photogrammetry and GIS to cultural resource management. Historical maps and documents, in the form of census returns, estate plans, rent rolls, court rolls provide a crucial human element to the study. Yet it is the tithe map of 1845 that is at the hub of much of the analysis. Mid-nineteenth century agricultural production, land use and tenure are analysed in relation to topographic and other geographical constraints. The tithe map also serves as an 'anchor' for a retrospective study of settlement development. Archaeological, palynological and documentary evidence point to the ebb and flow of mixed agriculture and settlement on Mynydd Cam Ingli during the Bronze Age and Iron Age. Though there is palynological evidence of Dark Age activity, archaeological remains of settlement are not evident. Charters detail the parcelling out of land as burgages during the thirteenth century by Anglo-Norman lords and the establishment of an open field. Use of the upland for communal grazing was tightly controlled by the lordship, but rapid encroachment by squatters during the early nineteenth century reduced the area of commons dramatically. Remnants of open field survive on estate plans of the mideighteenth century and embedded within the tenurial pattern of the tithe map. It is suggested that agriCUltural productivity as indicated by the tithe rent-charge is not only constrained by environmental conditions but by the prolonged use of medieval farming practises that echo those of the former open field. The study suggests that the input of archaeological, historical and environmental data into a GIS increases the scale and range of possible enquiries and enables questions to be asked that would have been inconceivable using manual methods. However, success or failure of the application of GIS to this type of study depends on the willingness of the researcher not to forsake the traditional methods and techniques appropriate to the analysis of a diverse range of sources. Though methodologically eclectic, adopting a broad landscape approach in combination with the analytical power of GIS offers a formidable overarching methodology for studying the past. Although the study concludes by suggesting that the application of GIS is not itself unproblematic, it is argued that the work presented does illustrate its potential value.
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Patrickson, Shela. "Palynological analysis from a bush karoo rat (Otomys unisulcatus) lodge near Prince Albert, South Africa." Bachelor's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25920.
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The "desertification" debate surrounding the Karoo Biome of South Africa has recently inspired much research in this region. The preservation of pollen in middens in arid environments from different parts of the world has great potential for the reconstruction of past vegetation. A lodge of the bush karoo rat (Otomys unisulcatus) was excavated near Prince Albert, South Africa, and the high numbers of well-preserved pollen grains was analysed. The vegetation reconstruction suggested that there was a decline in grasses over the whole sequence, while the vegetation experienced several short-term fluctuations throughout the time period. The ages within the lodge were uncertain, although the material is likely to be modern. The palynological analysis appear to be reliable and corresponds relatively well with other studies. The lodges of these species could therefore provide an exciting new source of historical pollen in the arid regions of southern Africa.
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Vezey, Edward L. "Application of quantitative image analysis and multivariate techniques in palynology / by Edward L. Vezey." Full-text version available from OU Domain via ProQuest Digital Dissertations, 1992.
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Woolfenden, Wallace Bird 1941. "Late Quaternary vegetation history of the southern Owens Valley region, Inyo County, California." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282184.
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This study analyzes the pollen, spores, and algae in the upper 90 m section of a mostly continuous, well dated, 323 m core (OL-92) from Owens Lake, southeastern California. The entire core has produced a paleoclimatic record for the past ∼800 ka. The 90 m interval dates from ∼9 ka to ∼151 ka beginning with the penultimate glaciation and ending during the termination of the last glaciation. The record shows high amplitude fluctuations in the abundances of pine, juniper, saltbush, sagebrush, chenopods/amaranths, and Ambrosia-type pollen. High percentages of juniper pollen with low percentages of desertscrub pollen during the intervals ∼150 ka to ∼120 ka and 73 ka to ∼20 ka alternate with low juniper pollen and relatively high percentages of desertscrub and oak pollen during the intervals ∼118 ka to ∼103 ka and ∼18 ka ∼10 ka and into the Holocene. Sagebrush pollen varies with juniper pollen but has a tendency to lead it in time. Pine and fir pollen tends to vary inversely with juniper over the long term. These trends are interpreted as vegetation change in response to glacial-interglacial cycles: During cold-wet glacial climates there was a downslope expansion of juniper woodland and sagebrush scrub, contraction of Sierra Nevada mixed conifer forest, and displacement of warm desertscrub, suggesting average temperature and precipitation departures from modern values ranging from -2°C to -6°C and from +100 mm to +350 mm. Conversely under warmer and drier interglacials warm desert shrubs expanded their range in the lowlands, juniper and sagebrush retreated upslope, and the Sierran forests expanded. Estimated average temperature and precipitation departures from modern values ranged from -0.5°C to +3.7°C and +13 to -26 mm. Comparison of the pollen spectra spanning the penultimate and ultimate glacial maxima shows the former to have been longer and more intense, in accord with the Sierra Nevada glacial record. Similarly, the higher abundances of Ambrosia pollen during the last interglaciation, compared to the Holocene, indicate warmer temperatures in the former. The presence of high oak percentages also during the last interglaciation suggest an expansion of the summer monsoon. Finally, the match of the juniper curve with the marine oxygen isotope chronostratigraphy suggests a link between vegetation change in the southern Owens Valley and global climate.
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Gaddah, Khaled Mahmud. "Palynology of the Cretaceous deposits of the southeast Sirt Basin, Libya." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.522010.
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Machado, Gil Monteiro Jacinto. "Upper palaeozoic stratigraphy and palynology of OMZ, NW and SW Portugal." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/3851.
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Doutoramento em GeociênciasNeste trabalho descreve-se e interpreta-se a estratigrafia e palinologia de rochas sedimentares e metassedimentos de idade devónica e carbónica aflorantes ao longo da zona de cisalhamento Porto-Tomar, a Sul na Bacia de Santa Susana e em vários locais onde afloram os Calcários de Odivelas. Existe um registo de sedimentação descontínuo possivelmente associado a esta zona de cisalhamento desde o Devónico Superior até ao Pennsylvaniano. Desde o Devónico Superior até ao Mississippiano esta sedimentação é marinha, de carácter essencialmente turbiditico com uma tendência geral para se tornar mais proximal. A maturação térmica atingida por estas rochas (Unidade de Albergaria-a-Velha) é alta e a unidade é considerada pós-madura em termos de potencial gerador de hidrocarbonetos. O metamorfismo incipiente é acompanhado por intensa deformação. A bacia do Buçaco é inteiramente terrestre e tem a sua idade restrita ao Gjeliano (Pennsylvaniano superior). O controlo da sedimentação pela actividade da zona de cisalhamento Porto-Tomar é evidente. A sua maturação térmica é relativamente baixa (dentro da catagénese) e a deformação menos intensa, contrastando com a Unidade de Albergaria-a-Velha com a qual parece ter uma relação geométrica complexa, de origem tectónica. As relações de campo e dados da maturação térmica permitem inferir um evento térmico e de deformação à escala regional entre o Serpukoviano e o Gjeliano e outro, essencialmente de deformação, entre o Gjeliano e o Carniano (Triássico Superior). A bacia de Santa Susana tem características semelhantes à do Buçaco, visto estar enquadrada também numa zona de cisalhamento importante que neste caso separa a Zona de Ossa-Morena da Zona Sul Portuguesa. A sua idade é kasimoviana, possivelmente também moscoviana (Pennsylvaniano médio). A evolução térmica da bacia e a relação estrutural com as unidades circundantes permite inferir um evento térmico e de deformação regionalmente importante entre o Viseano e o (?)Moscoviano-Kasimoviano. O estudo detalhado de vários locais onde afloram os Calcários de Odivelas permite desenhar uma paleogeografia regional durante o intervalo Emsiano terminal-Givetiano (fim do Devónico Inferior – Devónico Médio) para o sector Oeste da Zona de Ossa-Morena: Actividade vulcânica em regime marinho (e talvez subaéreo), formando edifícios vulcânicos no topo dos quais (e possivelmente também em altos fundos estruturais) se instalaram recifes, tendo a comunidade recifal, em termos de diversidade, persistido durante todo ou grande parte deste intervalo de tempo. O evento Choteč basal é observável num destes locais.
The Palynology and Stratigraphy of Devonian and Carboniferous sedimentary rocks and metasediments outcropping along the Porto-Tomar shear zone are described and interpreted. The Palynology and Stratigraphy of the Santa Susana Basin and of the Odivelas Limestone are also described and interpreted. There is a discontinuous sedimentary record possibly associated with the Porto-Tomar shear zone extending from the Late Devonian to the Pennsylvanian. From the Late Devonian to the Mississippian, the sedimentation was marine, essentially turbiditic, with a general shallowing trend. The thermal maturation of these rocks (Albergaria-a-Velha Unit) is high, and the unit is considered to be post-mature in terms of hydrocarbon generation potential. The incipient metamorphism is accompanied by intense deformation. The Buçaco basin is entirely terrestrial and its age is restricted to the Gzhelian (upper Pennsylvanian). The sedimentation is clearly controlled by the Porto- Tomar shear zone. Its thermal maturity is relatively low (within catagenesis range) and the deformation milder, contrasting with the Albergaria-a-Velha Unit. The contact between the two is tectonic. The field evidences and the thermal maturity data of the basin and surrounding units point to an important regional thermal and deformation event that took place between the Serpukovian and the Gzhelian and another, essentially tectonic, between the Gzhelian and the Carnian (Upper Triassic). The Santa Susana basin has similarities with the Buçaco basin as it is also within an important shear zone, in this case separating the Ossa-Morena and South Portuguese Zones. Its age is kasimovian, and possibly moscovian (middle Pennsylvanian). The thermal evolution of the basin and the structural relations with the surrounding units point to a regional scale thermal and tectonic event occurring between the Viséan and the (?)Moscovian- Kasimovian. The detailed study of several occurrences of the Odivelas Limestone allow an insight to the regional palaeogeography of the Western Ossa-Morena Zone during the latest Emsian – Givetian interval (latest lower Devonian – middle Devonian): marine (and possibly sub-aerial) volcanic activity forming volcanic buildings on top of which reef communities developed (and possibly on structural highs). The reef biota persisted, in terms of diversity, during all or most of this time interval. The basal Choteč event is recorded in one of these occurrences.
FCT - SFRH/BD/23787/2005
POCI 2010 - medida IV.3
QREN - POPH - Tipologia 4.1
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Ochoa-Lozano, Diana. "Neogene Palynology of the Gray Fossil Site, Tennessee, USA: Floristic Implications." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2248.
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In order to understand Mio-Pliocene floristic characteristics of the southern Appalachian Mountains, 47 palynological samples from six different testing-pits across the Gray Fossil Site (GFS) were analyzed. The site exhibits a low pollen yield resulting from basic pH levels, drought, and fire events occurring during deposition. The palynofloral assemblage has a low to moderate diversity, and it is largely dominated by Quercus-Carya-Pinus (~90% of the palynoflora). The reported presence of Pterocarya grains supports a Late Neogene age for the lacustrine sediments. Comparison with modern pollen-based floras suggests that: (1) the Mio-Pliocene Oak-Hickory-Pine association varied in structure between a woodland to woodland/savanna, depending on the intensity and frequency of drought, fire events and herbivory, (2) pits show different structure of the co-dominant genera, which indicate alternating composition of the vegetation, and (3) in term of modern vegetation, the GFS flora corresponds well with the Mesophytic Forest region.
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Faure, Élodie. ""Hautes terres" : l'anthropisation des monts d’Aubrac et du Lévezou (Massif Central, France) durant l’holocène : approche palynologique des dynamiques socio-environnementales en moyenne montagne." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOU20087/document.
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L’étude des interactions sociétés-milieux sur la longue durée, à l’origine de la construction des paysages de l’Aubrac et du Lévezou, a été menée à partir d’une démarche largement pluridisciplinaire dans laquelle la palynologie constitue l’outil principal. La constitution d’un référentiel actuel a conduit, dans un premier temps, à discriminer les principaux taxons polliniques représentatifs des activités humaines et d’en préciser la représentativité spatiale et fonctionnelle. L’étude multi-proxy de six séquences sédimentaires, étayées par 24 datations radiocarbones, a, dans second temps, permis de retracer l’histoire de la végétation et de l’anthropisation, notamment par l’identification des rythmes, des seuils et des ruptures durant l’Holocène. L’évolution des paysages en lien avec le développement des déboisements et des activités agricoles a pu être appréhendée à une échelle locale grâce aux apports combinés des pollens, des macrocharbons, des microfossiles non polliniques, de la confrontation avec les données archéologiques disponibles et de l’examen des sources archivistiques. Les premiers indices tangibles de fréquentation du massif de l’Aubrac apparaissent au cours du Néolithique moyen et les pratiques semblent se généraliser au Néolithique final sur l’Aubrac et le Lévezou. L’âge du Fer et le début de l’Antiquité marquent les premiers déboisements importants sur le plateau de l’Aubrac, concomitants d’une hausse de la pression agropastorale observée dans tous les sites. Enfin, les périodes médiévales et modernes contribuent à ancrer les formes du paysage esquissées aux époques plus anciennes. L’ensemble de ces dynamiques suggère avant tout l’importance des variabilités territoriales qui renvoient à des modes d’occupation temporaires jusqu’à l’âge du Bronze et à une grande mobilité des pratiques. Ces territoires présentent également des tendances communes qui répondent pour une part aux grandes trajectoires de colonisation des espaces montagnards. A l’examen de ces dynamiques d’anthropisation, le forçage climatique ne semble pas avoir été un facteur limitant et pourrait constituer un stimulus positif favorisant le développement de nouvelles stratégies adaptativesBased upon a multidisciplinary approach centered on palynology, the aim of our study was to better understand the long-term interaction in human/vegetation processes in the Aubrac and Levezou mountainous regions (Massif Central, France). In a first step, the relationships between present pollen deposition, vegetation and land-uses have been studied using a comparative approach. The main pollen taxa representative of human activities have been isolated and their spatial and functional representativeness have been assessed. Secondly, six sedimentary records, supported by 24 radiocarbon dates, have been studied with a multi-proxy approach combining pollen, macro charcoals, non-pollen palynomorphs, archeological and historical data. The analysis has allowed us to characterize vegetation history and local human impact on the landscape, in particular rhythms, breaks and thresholds concerning anthropisation’s dynamics According to our analysis, the first signs of human impact on the vegetation appear in Aubrac during the middle Neolithic period, while evidence of human activities seem to extent during the Late Neolithic. The Iron Age and early Antiquity periods are characterized by large scale deforestation correlated to the increase of the agro-pastoral pressure. Our analysis further suggests that the medieval and modern periods consolidate the types of landscape that have been created in earlier periods. The dynamics that have been highlighted in this study suggest an important degree of spatial variability of land use. The analyzed territories present common trends that correspond to colonization trajectories generally encountered in mountain areas. Relative to anthropisation’s dynamics, climate forcing seems to have not been a limiting factor for human settlements and may even have been a positive stimulus promoting the development of new adaptive land use strategies
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Rowell, Louise. "Palynomorph retention on clothing under differing conditions." University of Western Australia. Centre for Forensic Science, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0165.
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[Truncated abstract] Palynology has been used in a number of criminal cases where pollen and spores (palynomorphs) on clothing has featured as evidence. Pollen and spores are microscopic, generally morphologically unique to a plant genus and often species, resistant to decay, produced in large amounts and are components of soil. These unique features of pollen and spores make palynology a highly valuable forensic tool. Clothing is an excellent collector of pollen and spores as they become trapped in the fabric weave when clothing is brushed against flowering plants, comes into contact with dust, soil or air-borne pollen. Most forensic palynologists have found that palynomorphs from a crime scene may remain on clothing after washing or several days wear. No empirical research has been conducted on the retention of palynomorphs on clothing under differing conditions. Research of this kind is required to provide support for the future presentation and validation of palynological evidence in court. This project examined the relative retention of palynomorphs on clothing that had been worn during a simulated assault in a sheltered garden on the grounds of St George's College, Western Australia. Three replicate control soil samples each were collected from the actual assault scene and the whole garden to provide a baseline palynological profile for comparison to the experimental (Evidentiary) clothing samples. Forty pollen samples from the predominant species of plants in the garden and surrounds were collected, processed and databased as a reference for palynomorph identification. Standard T-shirts and jeans were chosen as the research clothing. During the simulated assault the knees of the jeans and the backs of the T-shirts came into abrasive contact with the soil of the garden for approximately one minute. The clothing then underwent three 'conditions' to simulate 'real life' situations. Three clothing sets were immediately collected after the assault (E1), three sets were worn for a period of three days after the assault (E2) and three sets were washed after the assault (E3). ... The Background clothing samples did not have a profile similar to the research garden but the profiles collected from each set reflected the areas to which they were worn. The number of palynomorphs per gram of garden soil ranged from thousands to tens-of-thousands of palynomorphs. The total number of palynomorphs collected by the E1 samples ranged from 100,000 to millions per clothing item. The E2 samples retained 1000's to tens-of-thousands of palynomorphs and the E3 samples retained 100's to 1000's of palynomorphs. The background clothing samples collected 1000's to tens-of-thousands of palynomorphs. These results confirm that jeans and T-shirts worn during an assault then worn for a period of days, or washed, will still contain pollen and spores characteristic of the assault area. This highlights the importance of investigating police enquiring where and for how long clothing of interest has been worn before and after an event, or if the clothing has been washed since the event. The results of this study will provide forensic palynologists with supportive data for future casework involving clothing.
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Fersi, Wiem. "Reconstitution de la variabilité de la mousson indienne et ses impacts environnementaux sur le Nord-Ouest de la Mer d'Arabie et ses bordures continentales depuis le Dernier Maximum Glaciaire : étude multi-proxy d'une carotte marine dans le Golfe d'Aden." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS294/document.
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La carotte MD92-1002 prélevée dans le Golfe d’Aden (12°01’32 N- 44°19’02E -1327 m de profondeur) fournit un enregistrement paléoenvironnemental et paléoclimatique unique permettant de discuter l’évolution des milieux continentaux et océaniques depuis 20 000 ans BP. J’ai effectué l'analyse des palynomorphes continentaux (grains de pollen, spores, champignons, charbons et algues d'eau douces) et marins (kystes de dinoflagellés, œufs de copépodes) et j’ai combiné ces données à des paramètres géochimiques (δ¹⁸O, analyses élémentaires par Fluorescence X) et sédimentaires (taux de sédimentation, teneurs en carbone organique). Les grains de pollen révèlent des conditions régionales hyper-arides pendant la période glaciaire caractérisée par une végétation clairsemée d’origine Saharo-Sindienne. L'abondance des taxons steppiques associés aux microparticules de charbon suggère une activité éolienne élevée. Les marqueurs d’humidité augmentent dès 14 900 ans BP et atteignent leur maximum entre 9 000 et 7 500 ans BP, au moment où se développe une mangrove à Rhizophora dans le Golfe d’Aden reflétant des conditions tropicales avec une saison pluvieuse d’été. La chronologie des événements élaborée à partir des résultats polliniques et des enregistrements continentaux tels les témoins des lacs et marécages et les spéléothèmes de Socotra et d’Oman documente la progression vers le Nord et l’Ouest de la limite estivale de la Zone de Convergence Inter-Tropicale (ITCZ) au cours de la transition glaciaire-interglaciaire, au moment de la mise en place de la Période Humide Holocène (PHH). L'ITCZ est localisée au Sud de l'Ethiopie à 19 000 ans BP puis migre vers le Nord pour atteindre Socotra à 14 510 ans BP, Qunf à 10 400 ans BP et Hoti à 10 000 ans BP. Les mouvements de l'ITCZ vers l'Ouest sont documentés par le développement de la mangrove à Rhizophora à partir de 12 600 ans BP. La carotte MD 92-1002 permet également de documenter la fin de la PHH qui débute très tôt comparativement à ce qui est observé en Afrique nord tropicale, en deux étapes successivement datées de 7500 et 4000 BP. Les assemblages de dinoflagellés montrent que la période glaciaire est caractérisée par de faibles upwellings et des eaux profondes bien ventilées. La productivité primaire marine dans le Golfe d’Aden augmente à partir de 14 500 ans BP et atteint un maximum pendant la transition glaciaire/interglaciaire, entre 12 600 et 10 800 ans BP. Il survient ~ 3 000 ans avant le pic d’intensité des upwellings de la marge d’Oman associé au maximum des vents de la mousson du S-O. Cette singularité pourrait s’expliquer par les conditions très particulières du Golfe d’Aden qui est situé à l’intersection de deux systèmes de vents orthogonaux pendant l’été boréal (des vents du S-O à l’Est du golfe et des vents orientés du N-O en provenance de la Mer Rouge). La courbe de COT révèle une nette variabilité Glaciaire/Interglaciaire, largement découplée des variations des assemblages de dinoflagellés. Cela suggère que la teneur en matière organique est essentiellement contrôlée par la préservation sur le fond marinCore MD92-1002 retrieved from the Gulf of Aden (12°01’32 N- 44°19’02E -1327 m of water depth) provides a unique paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic record to study the evolution of continental and marine environments since 20 ka. I performed palynological analyses (pollen grains, spores, fungi, charcoal, freshwater algae, dinoflagellate cysts, copepod eggs) and combined those data with geochemical (δ¹⁸O, X-Ray Fluorescence) and sedimentological parameters (e.g. sedimentation rates, Total Organic Carbon (TOC)). Pollen grains reveal regional hyper-arid conditions during the glacial period, characterized by sparse vegetation cover of Saharo-Sindian origin. The abundance of steppic taxa associated with charcoal fragments suggests strong wind activity. Humidity tracers increased from 14.9 ka and reached their maximum between 9 and 7.5 ka. This maximum is characterized by the development of the tropical mangrove Rhizophora in the Gulf of Aden, reflecting tropical conditions with summer monsoon rains. The timing of events deduced from palynological records and continental data such as lacustrine and palustrine deposits and speleothems from Socotra and Oman, reveals a northward and westward shift of the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) summer position at the onset of the Holocene Humid Period (HHP). The ITCZ was located in southern Ethiopia at 19 ka, then migrated northward to reach Socotra at 14.51 ka, Qunf at 10.4 ka and Hoti at 10 ka. Westward shift of ITCZ is suggested by the development of mangrove (Rhizophora) from 12.5 ka. Core MD 92-1002 reveals that HHP termination took place earlier than over tropical North Africa, in two main steps dated at 7.5 and 4 ka, respectively. Dinoflagellate cyst assemblages suggest that the glacial period was characterized by weakened upwellings and well-ventilated bottom water. Primary productivity in the Gulf of Aden increased from 14.5 ka and reached its maximum during the glacial/interglacial transition between 12.6 and 10.8 ka. It took place about ~ 3 ka earlier than the peak intensity of upwellings off the Oman margin, which is associated with the maximum of SW monsoonal winds. This singularity could be explained by the landlocked position of the gulf, at the junction between two orthogonal wind regimes during the boreal summer season (SW monsoon winds prevailing to the East of the Gulf, while NW winds blow along the main axis of the Red Sea to the west). TOC analysis reveals a Glacial-Interglacial variability that is largely decoupled from our reconstruction of surface productivity, suggesting that organic content is mainly controlled by preservation at the sea floor
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Bartram, Katherine Marion. "The palynology and petrology of the Barnsley Seam (Westphalian B) Yorkshire, England." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.543847.
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Treloar, Walter John. "Digital image processing techniques and their application to the automation of palynology." Thesis, University of Hull, 1992. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:3762.
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Noor, Nor Nafizah Mohd. "Comparative leaf anatomy, phytochemistry and palynology of nine genera of dipterocarpoideae (Dipterocarpaceae)." Thesis, University of Reading, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.434116.
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Deaf, Amr Said. "Palynology, palynofacies and hydrocarbon potential of the Cretaceous rocks of northern Egypt." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2009. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/168943/.
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Recent hydrocarbon exploration in the Egyptian northern Western Desert and the Gulf of Suez have revealed relatively rich hydrocarbon accumulations, mainly of gas, and demonstrates promising future prospects. In order to improve our understanding of these areas and to provide a biostratigraphic framework for the poorly-dated Lower Cretaceous successions palynological analyses were carried out on 134 ditch cutting samples from the Abu Tunis 1x drilled in the northern Western Desert, and 78 samples from the BB80-1 borehole in the Gulf of Suez area. Palynostratigraphic investigations focussed on the lower parts of the borehole successions as earlier studies have largely ignored these Cretaceous sediments. A central objective was therefore to construct a biostratigraphic scheme, for both boreholes. Analysis of the Abu Tunis 1x samples enabled the identification of eight palynozones largely defined by first occurrences of spores, gymnosperm and angiosperm pollen and dinoflagellate cysts. Three new palynostratigraphically defined age divisions are described for the lower part of the Abu Tunis 1x succession, and a more refined biostratigraphy is made for the upper part of the sequence. In contrast, the Gulf of Suez BB80-1 borehole samples proved palynologically lean and provided less information for age dating. It was only possible to define two palynozones of lower age-resolution than that for Abu Tunis 1x. Spore and pollen grains recovered from both boreholes show characteristics of the Cretaceous Phytogeographic Provinces of northern Africa-northern South America. Sporomorphs of the pre-Albian Dicheiropollis/Afropollis Province were recognised from the lower part of the Abu Tunis 1x borehole and sporomorphs characteristic of Albian-Cenomanian Elaterate Province identified from both. No spore and pollen grains of the Senonian Palmae Province have been recognised due to the complete marine nature of the early Santonian sediments of the Abu Tunis 1x borehole. In order to understand the palaeoenvironmental conditions prevailing in the two boreholes during the deposition of the clastic and carbonate sediments, quantitative palynological data was combined with geophysical wireline data and cuttings lithologies. The quantitative distribution of certain terrestrial palynomorphs with known botanical affinities and palaeoenvironmental significance have been used as proxy indicators for identifying palaeoclimatic and palaeoceanographic conditions in both borehole regions. In general, the lower part of the Abu Tunis 1x succession (consisting of shale and sandstones) was deposited in deltaic settings during a regressive cycle with sediments of the upper Alam El Buieb Formation and the Alamein Formation representing the late Barremian-Aptian transgression cycle, during which shallow marine settings prevailed. Clastics of the Dahab and Kharita formations represent another regression in marine sedimentation, where fine silts and a few shale horizons of the latter formations were deposited in a delta channel system that prograded through time over prodelta sediments as a response to sea level fall. Mixed clastic and carbonate sediments of the upper Kharita and lower Bahariya represent more distal marine deposition as a response to a second minor rise in sea level, where a partially marine isolated, brackish lagoonal depositional system developed that was subjected to occasional marine incursions. Integration of the same datasets demonstrate that the upper carbonate-dominated part of the Abu Tunis 1x succession (the upper Bahariya, Abu Roash, and Khoman B formations) was deposited mainly in deeper marine settings interpreted as outer shallow marine, during a major transgressive cycle. The upper part of the BB80-1 borehole also shows this late Cretaceous marine transgression, represented by high concentrations of phytoplankton-rich carbonate sequences. The lower part of this Gulf of Suez sequence is of latest early Cretaceous age, and appears to have been deposited in a continental basin, far from source vegetation, possibly in alluvial settings, which witnessed occasional marine incursions represented by deposition of a few organic-rich marine shale intercalations that are interpreted as shallow marginal marine in origin. These environmental fluctuations are related to global sea level fluctuations and global tectonic processes, such as the breakup of Western Gondwana during the opening of the Southern Atlantic Ocean. Investigation of the hydrocarbon potential of the Abu Tunis 1x and BB8-1 shows that the first borehole has source rock potential, with the second of no potential due to its organic-poor lithology. The lower part of the Abu Tunis 1x borehole represented by the Alam El Bueib Formation sediments is regarded as a non commercial gas-prone source rock; this is indicated from visual kerogen study and vitrinite reflectance investigations of its thermal maturation. A burial history reconstruction for the Abu Tunis 1x borehole sequence indicates that the lower part of the Alam El Bueib source rock entered the early stage of thermal maturation during the Oligocene and is currently at the early mature stage. By investigating the organic matter quality and conducting maturity analyses such as vitrinite reflectance studies, the overlying clastics of the Dahab, Kharita and lower Bahariya, and the carbonates of the upper Bahariya, Abu Roash and Khoman formations are shown also to contain relatively high amounts of oil-prone organic matter, but it is immature, and thus they are not active source rocks in the region of the Abu Tunis 1x borehole. The BB80-1 borehole is made of a thick organic-poor, porous sandstone unit of the Malha and lower Raha formations that are intercalated by a few organic-rich shale horizons. This sandstone lithology is regarded as having no hydrocarbon potential.
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Smith, Giles A. "Palynology of the Jurassic/Cretaceous boundary interval in the Volga Basin, Russia." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/a981fc30-fa69-4cf5-aae5-7290d2a489df.
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Ingram, Steven. "Palynology of the Cape's top ten richest families and its taxonomic implications." Bachelor's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/23943.
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Principal pollen characters, of the Cape floristic Regions ten richest families, which are phylogenetically useful at higher taxonomic levels (including aperture type, exine structure, pollen-unit, polarity, symmetry, shape), and their evolutionary trends are examined. Monocotyledons differ from eu-dicotyledons (and eu-dicots from basal-dicots) in their aperture number and form, and exine structure and are discussed in relation to their pollination syndrome aswell as their evolutionary trends. We also discuss the possibilities of creating a taxonomic key at species level, if not only for use at the vegetation-type scale for paleobotanists aswell as honey farmers.
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Sudhaus, Dirk. "Paläoökologische Untersuchungen zur spätglazialen und holozänen Landschaftsgenese des Ostschwarzwaldes im Vergleich mit den Buntsandsteinvogesen /." Freiburg i. Br. : Institut für Physische Geographie der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, 2005. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=014181535&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Neregato, Rodrigo [UNESP]. "Estudo palinológico das formações Serra Alta, Teresina e Rio do Rasto nos furos de sondagem SP-23-PR e SP-58-PR, centro-norte do Paraná (Permiano, Bacia do Paraná)." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/92907.
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São apresentados os resultados de análises palinológicas realizadas em 37 amostras de testemunhos dos furos de sondagem no sul do Município de Congonhinhas (PR), nas formações Serra Alta, Teresina e Rio do Rasto (somente no Membro Serrinha), abrangendo uma extensão vertical de aproximadamente 600 m. A primeira formação revelou-se estéril. Entre as 32 espécies descritas, três provavelmente são novas, cinco foram previamente registradas em níveis estratigráficos mais baixos da Bacia do Paraná e 7 espécies eram apenas conhecidas em outros países. As assembléias palinológicas coadunam com a idade aproximadamente mesopermiana previamente interpretada para os depósitos. A priori, todo o intervalo estudado faz parte da Zona Lueckisporites virkkiae e as novas espécies registradas para a bacia apresentam potencial para futuros refinamentos bioestratigráficos. Diferenças na abundância relativa de espécies de esporos permitiram visualizar dois possíveis intervalos, um com predominância de Laevigatosporites vulgaris, a grosso modo na Formação Teresina, e o outro dominado por Thymospora, no Membro Serrinha. Os esporos com afinidade a filicíneas predominam largamente em relação aos de outros grupos e também são bem mais abundantes que grãos de pólen. Este resultado dá margem a muitas interpretações, tendo em vista que o quadro florístico sugerido pelos macrofitofósseis é distinto e que as condições deposicionais dos folhelhos estudados provavelmente não foram proximais.
Palynological analyses of 37 core samples of two boreholes in Congonhinhas Municipality (PR) from the Serra Alta, Teresina and lower Rio do Rasto formations (total thickness= ~600 m) are presented. The first formation did not provide fertile samples. From the 32 described species, three probably are new, five were previously recorded at lower stratigraphic levels of the Paraná Basin and 7 species were only known in other countries. The microfloristic assemblages are consistent with the approximately Mid Permian age anteriorly interpreted for the succession. A priori, the whole studied interval belongs to the Lueckisporites virkkiae Zone and the species now recorded in the Paraná Basin bear potential for a possible future biostratigrafic improvement. Two intervals were recognized in the studied succession according to the relative abundance of some spore species: one interval (roughly coincident with the range of the Teresina Formation) is characterized by the predominance of Laevigatosporites vulgaris, and the second (in the Serrinha Member, lower Rio do Rasto Formation) is dominated by Thymospora. Spores with affinities to ferns are predominant in relation to other groups and are also more abundant than pollen grains. This result is not easily interpreted because de macroflora is relatively distinct and the dark shales used for the palynological analyses probably were not originated in very proximal depositional environments.
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McLean, Duncan. "A palynostratigraphic classification of the Westphalian of the southern North Sea carboniferous basin." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1993. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/3525/.
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Based upon the examination of the palynostratigraphy of 28 well sections and 6 multi-well studies, the Westphalian sequences in the Southern North Sea Carboniferous Basin are divided into 7 biozones and 12 sub-biozones. These are related, via the known regional northwest European palynostratigraphy, to the chronostratigraphic units of the Westphalian. Analysis of 164 palynological samples from Westphalian sections in the Murdoch Gas Field wells 44/22-1,44/22-3 and 44/22-4, coupled with the recognition of diagnostic macrofossil faunas indicative of the Vanderbeckei Marine Band, allows the direct calibration of part of the palynostratigraphic classification with the chronostratigraphy. Palynological assemblages from these wells contain significant numbers of acritarch and miospore taxa interpreted as being reworked from Lower Palaeozoic, Devonian and early Namurian sediments, possibly during multiple phases of reworking. Assemblages also contain unusually old examples of striate disaccate and monocolpate pollen. One new genus (Ala rasmospo rites) and eighteen new species (Auroraspora? pickerillensis, Dibolisporites ranunculioides, Elaterites anfractus, Endosporites pygmaeus, Hymenospora murdochensis, Knoxisporites biceps, Kraeuselisporites crassus, K. pseudoornates, Marasmosporites semiesus, Neoraistrickia exigua, N. virgultorum, Pityosporites inaequus, Protohaploxypinus masonii, Raistrickia parvula, Savitrisporites semotus, Spelaeotriletes oppletus, S. bulboides and Vestispora dubia) are described.
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Butler, Simon Blake. "Archaeopalynology of ancient settlement at Kebister, Shetland Islands." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262011.
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Penny, J. H. J. "Early Cretaceous angiosperm pollen from Egypt." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1986. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/273106.
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Lascelles, D. B. "Holocene environmental and pedogenic history of the Hiraethog Moors, Clwyd." Thesis, Bangor University, 1995. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/holocene-environmental-and-pedogenic-history-of-the-hiraethog-moors-clwyd(3c8e72ad-217e-4927-9aba-8ab6143d6594).html.
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This project describes the Holocene environmental and pedogenic history of the Hiraethog Moors, particularly in relation to archaeological evidence. Ironpan stagnopodzol, brown podzolic and stagnohumic gley profiles have been studied from Aled Isaf together with cores from Cefn Mawr and Llyn y Foel-frech. Physical, chemical, clay mineralogical, micromorphological and palynological analyses have been undertaken and a time framework has been achieved by radiocarbon dating, including AMS 14C dating of ironpan and charcoal samples. A search for tephra has been undertaken and, although none was located, the presence of a biolith bloom in a core from Llyn Cororion on the Arfon Platform raises the possibility of a geochemical reconstitution of a low volume, fine-grained tephra fall. Parent material was reworked by periglacial processes during the Late-glacial resulting in an oriented fabric, cracked stones and a redistribution of clay and fine siltsized material. Until 6-7,000 years BP soils remained shallow and stony, with a clay mineralogy dominated by hydrous mica and chlorite. Between 6,000 and 4,000 years BP erosion led to deeper soil profiles on the lower slopes, burying flints and charcoal, and the woodland was periodically disturbed by humans. However, man was relatively inactive between 4,500 and 3,500 years BP. At 3,500 years BP woodland cover declined rapidly due to human activity with a subsequent change to a Gramineae- and then a Calluna-dominated vegetation community. In low lying sites the result was increased waterlogging, gleying, structural collapse and the build up of organic matter at the surface i. e. stagnohumic gley. In better drained sites podzolisation occurred to produce the Bs horizon, i.e. brown podzolic soil. In profiles most intensively leached, mor humus and then peat accumulated. This induced surface waterlogging resulting in a mobilisation of iron, structural collapse and the formation of an Eag horizon, within which chlorite was destroyed and hydrous mica weathered to vermiculite, and an ironpan i.e. ironpan stagnopodzol. Through the integration of soil and pollen analysis, 14C dating and archaeological information our understanding of soil development and human activity on Hiraethog has been increased.