Journal articles: 'Palmenti'

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Nocera, Francesco, Rosa Caponetto, Giada Giuffrida, and Maurizio Detommaso. "Energetic Retrofit Strategies for Traditional Sicilian Wine Cellars: A Case Study." Energies 13, no. 12 (June 22, 2020): 3237. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13123237.

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Sicily is characterized by rural buildings, Palmenti, destined to wine production, which are scattered along the countryside and part of the local historical heritage. There are different types of rural buildings, but all have in common the use of ancient and well-established bioclimatic techniques for wine conservation and aging. Most of them were built with the double function of living space for the owner and productive spaces for all the activities correlated to the cultivations. Indeed, many rural houses, destined to the wine production, are characterized by wineries and wine cellars (the first for the wine production, the second to store the wine for the aging process). The growing production of high-quality Sicilian wines, very appreciated all over the world, leads to upgrade the ancient Palmenti to seek optimal hygrothermal conditions and, therefore, to guarantee high performance of the produced and stored wines. The purpose of this study is to investigate how the retrofit measures taken to comply with the energy regulations could affect the thermal behavior of a wine cellar constructed with consolidated bioclimatic technics. The results show the importance of not insulating the solid ground floor for maintaining suitable temperatures for the fermentation and aging of wine. This study can be useful for future analysis when comparing the optimal hygrothermal conditions of wine cellars located in homogeneous viticultural areas (with same climate, geology, soil, physical features, and height) in other parts of the world.

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Cascone, Giovanni, Paola Pennisi, and Salvatore Di Fazio. "Edificios protoindustriales para la producción de vino en Sicilia. Los palmentosy las bodegas del Etna desde el s. XVII al XIX." Informes de la Construcción 49, no. 450 (August 29, 1997): 61–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/ic.1997.v49.i450.949.

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BANSAL, R. K., and R. K. DATTA. "Certain aspects for intensification of tropical storms over Indian Ocean area." MAUSAM 23, no. 4 (February 7, 2022): 503–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v23i4.5310.

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Palmen (1956) gave three climatological and geographical conditions as pre-requisites for the formation of tropical storms. One of these being that the region of formation of storm should be over sufficiently large sea or ocean area with temperature of the sea surface so high that airmass shifted from the lowest layers of the atmosphere and expanded adiabatically with condensation remains considerably warmer than the surrounding undisturbed atmosphere at least between 500 and 200 mb. The temperature differences for island stations of Port Blair and Minicoy and the coastal stations were studied to test the above hypothesis for Indian area. In general it is found that Palmen's hypothesis holds good over the Bay of Bengal as well as the Arabian Sea.

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BOUMANS, LOUIS, and RICHARD W. BAUMANN. "Amphinemura palmeni is a valid Holarctic stonefly species (Plecoptera: Nemouridae)." Zootaxa 3537, no. 1 (November 2, 2012): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3537.1.5.

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The taxonomic status of Amphinemura palmeni, a rare stonefly from northern Fennoscandia, was re-evaluated in amorphological study combined with analyses of mitochondrial COI and nuclear 28S sequences. Taxon sampling includedA. standfussi, with which A. palmeni has been confused, the Nearctic A. linda and seven other Amphinemura species.Amphinemura palmeni is confirmed as a valid species, and A. norvegica and A. linda identified as junior synonyms. Thespecies is illustrated with line drawings, photographs and SEM micrographs. Its COI haplotype diversity is compared with the intraspecific diversity in other stonefly species.

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Ding, Hong, Jinglian Shen, Yang Yang, and Yuqin Che. "Saw Palmetto Extract Inhibits Metastasis and Antiangiogenesis through STAT3 Signal Pathway in Glioma Cell." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/926946.

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Signal transducer and activator of transcription factor 3 (STAT3) plays an important role in the proliferation and angiogenesis in human glioma. Previous research indicated that saw palmetto extract markedly inhibited the proliferation of human glioma cells through STAT3 signal pathway. But its effect on tumor metastasis and antiangiogenesis is not clear. This study is to further clear the impact of saw palmetto extract on glioma cell metastasis, antiangiogenesis, and its mechanism. TUNEL assay indicated that the apoptotic cells in the saw palmetto treated group are higher than that in the control group (p<0.05). The apoptosis related protein is detected and the results revealed that saw palmetto extract inhibits the proliferation of human glioma. Meanwhile pSTAT3 is lower in the experimental group and CD34 is also inhibited in the saw palmetto treated group. This means that saw palmetto extract could inhibit the angiogenesis in glioma. We found that saw palmetto extract was an important phytotherapeutic drug against the human glioma through STAT3 signal pathway. Saw palmetto extract may be useful as an adjunctive therapeutic agent for treatment of individuals with glioma and other types of cancer in which STAT3 signaling is activated.

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Kruthi, H. B., H. Shreya, Ch Mahendra, R. R. Siva Kiran, and Archna. "Removal of Methylene Blue Dye Using Saw Palmetto Fruit (Serenoa repens) Waste." Asian Journal of Chemistry 31, no. 9 (July 31, 2019): 1919–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2019.22016.

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The feasibility of saw palmetto fruit (Serenoa repens) waste as a low-cost bio-sorbent for treating methylene blue dye from synthetic textile effluent was evaluated. Two different types viz., untreated and alkaline treated saw palmetto fruit waste was tested to immobilize methylene blue dye from the synthetic effluent solution. Out of these two, the only alkaline treated saw palmetto fruit waste was found suitable for the removal of methylene blue from aqueous streams. With the untreated saw palmetto fruit waste, the sorption of dye increased with time and after reaching equilibrium, back diffusion of the sorbed dye was observed. Equilibrium sorption and kinetic studies were performed with alkaline treated saw palmetto fruit waste and the parameters affecting the sorption process such as initial dye concentration, adsorbent dose, equilibrium time and temperature were analyzed. The kinetic data generated obeyed pseudo-second-order kinetics. The investigated removal capacity of the saw palmetto fruit waste for the methylene blue dye was comparable with the available sorbents.

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Wang, Mei, Bharathi Avula, Yan-Hong Wang, Jianping Zhao, Jon F. Parcher, and Ikhlas A. Khan. "Fatty Acid Analysis of Saw Palmetto (Serenoa repens) and Pygeum (Prunus africana) in Dietary Supplements by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry in the Selected Ion Monitoring Mode." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 96, no. 3 (May 1, 2013): 560–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.12-284.

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Abstract A GC/selected ion monitoring mode-MS (GC/SIM-MS) method was developed to chemically distinguish saw palmetto and pygeum in dietary supplements. A sample set including authenticated plant samples, commercial plant extracts, a National Institute of Standards and Technology standard reference material extract, and commercial dietary supplements purported to contain either saw palmetto, pygeum, or both was investigated. Fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) were analyzed by GC/SIM-MS. The ability to selectively monitor each solute allowed accurate quantitation of all detected FAMEs, even those that were not chromatographically resolved. The major fatty acid components that were common to both saw palmetto and pygeum were oleic, linoleic, and palmitic acids. The major component characteristic of pygeum was stearic acid. Lauric and myristic acids were observed predominantly in saw palmetto samples. Principal component analysis was used for interpretation of the analytical results. A distinct cluster was observed for the samples containing pygeum alone. A separate cluster was observed for the samples containing saw palmetto alone or mixed with pygeum. The proposed GC/MS method is useful for chemical fingerprint analysis and QC of dietary supplements claiming to contain pygeum and/or saw palmetto.

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8

COHU, RENÉ LE, GILLES GASSIOLE, and MICHEL COSTE. "Three new species of Cymbellales (Bacillariophyceae) from Réunion Island." Phytotaxa 156, no. 3 (January 16, 2014): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.156.3.3.

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Recent surveys of the epilithic diatoms of Réunion Island led to the discovery of three new species: Crucicostulifera bebourensis, Encyonopsis cilaosensis, Encyonopsis palmeti. Crucicostulifera bebourensis is the second species to be included in this recently described genus typified by Crucicostulifera areolata (Hustedt) Taylor & Lange-Bertalot. Both species share the main diagnostic features of the genus. However, Crucicostulifera bebourensis differs from Crucicostulifera areolata (Hustedt) Taylor & Lange-Bertalot in the cingulum composed of at least three open bands whereas the latter species has a single valvocopula on each valve. Encyonopsis cilaosensis and Encyonopsis palmeti can be differentiated from other Encyonopsis species by a combination of characters including valve outline, number of striae in l0 µm, maximum length/breadth ratio, areolae structure and presence or absence of intermissio. Both new species show a particular organization of the cingulum. Crucicostulifera bebourensis occurs in acidic waters with very low conductivity and nutrient concentration. Encyonopsis cilaosensis is found in alkaline waters with high conductivity whereas Encyonopsis palmeti is reported from slighty alkaline waters with low conductivity.

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9

Carrington, M. E., P. D. Roberts, N. V. R. R. Urs, R. J. McGovern, T. E. Seijo, and J. J. Mullahey. "Premature Fruit Drop in Saw Palmettos Caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides." Plant Disease 85, no. 2 (February 2001): 122–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2001.85.2.122.

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Saw palmetto (Serenoa repens) is a palm species that grows naturally in the southeastern coastal plain of the United States and is most abundant in Florida. Extracts from saw palmetto fruit are sold worldwide in pharmaceutical and dietary supplements in a market valued at $2 billion per year. Lesions on blossoms and fruit and premature fruit drop were first observed in 1996. In 1997, premature fruit drop resulted in 100% loss of fruit in saw palmetto in central and south Florida. In 1998, fruit loss was 8 to 59%. A fungus was consistently isolated from diseased saw palmetto spadices and fruit and identified as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides based on morphological, immunological, and genetic characteristics. Inoculation of spadices of container-produced saw palmettos with C. gloeosporioides resulted in similar disease symptoms and subsequent reisolation of the causal agent. The cross-infection potential of isolates was demonstrated by infection of other hosts. This is the first report of C. gloeosporioides causing disease on saw palmetto.

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10

GASSIOLE, GILLES, RENÉ LE COHU, and MICHEL COSTE. "Achnanthidium palmeti (Bacillariophyta, Achnanthidiaceae), a new freshwater species from Réunion Island." Phytotaxa 119, no. 1 (August 1, 2013): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.119.1.2.

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Recent survey of the epilithic diatoms in the running waters of Réunion Island led to the discovery of a new species of Achnanthidium. Achnanthidium palmeti sp. nov. belongs to the group of Achnanthidium taxa with terminal raphe fissures curved to the same side of the valve. The new species differs from other taxa in this group by a higher stria density and the areolae morphology along the axial area; moreover, apart from Achnanthidium latecephalum H. Kobayasi, A. palmeti sp. nov. is the only species having raphe vestiges. The new species was found in oligotrophic waters with very low conductivity and circumneutral pH.

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11

Schupp, J. R., and S. I. Koller. "Effect of Four Training Systems on Growth and Productivity of `Cortland'/M.9 EMLA Apple Trees." HortScience 33, no. 3 (June 1998): 451e—451. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.33.3.451e.

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`Cortland'/M.9 EMLA trees were planted in 1991 at 1.8 ×4.2-m spacing. The trees were trained to one of four systems: 1) Vertical Axis; 2) Y trellis; 3) Solen; or 4) Palmette trellis. Tree survival was 86% for Palmette trees and approached 100% for the other three systems. Annual yield and cumulative yield per tree of Vertical Axis and Y trellis was twice that of Solen or Palmette. Tree vigor was sub-optimal relative to planting distance in this study. Trunk cross-sectional area of Vertical Axis trees was larger than that of trees trained to Solen or Palmette, while trees trained to Y trellis were intermediate in trunk growth. Canopy volumes of Vertical Axis and Y trellis trees were similar, and greater than that of Solen or Palmette trees. Fruit size on Solen and Palmette trees was larger than that of Y trellis trees in 1995 and 1996, while fruit size on Vertical Axis trees was intermediate. Cumulative yield per cubic meter of canopy volume was the same for all four systems, suggesting that differences in productivity among systems were attributable to the effects of tree training practices on tree size, not to differences among systems in precocity or efficiency. The low heading cut needed to establish the lowest tier of branches on the Palmette system reduced tree vigor and in some cases, resulted in mortality. The horizontal training of the primary branches of the Solen severely reduced tree vigor. In this study, where tree vigor was sub-optimal due to rootstock selection, the additional restrictions in tree growth resulting from restrictive training methods resulted in a significant loss in productivity.

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GONZÁLEZ-ROCHA, EDITH, MANUEL ARNOLDO CASTILLO-RIVERA, ANA ROSA LÓPEZ-FERRARI, and ADOLFO ESPEJO-SERNA. "A multivariate analysis of the Pitcairnia palmeri group (Bromeliaceae: Pitcairnioideae)." Phytotaxa 351, no. 3 (June 6, 2018): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.351.3.3.

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A multivariate analysis of the Pitcairnia palmeri group are presented. Principal Components and Cluster analyses were performed in order to have more accurate information to delimit the species. The analyses showed that the specimens referred to Pitcairnia palmeri var. longebracteata are clearly delimited, while those identified as P. palmeri var. palmeri, P. colimensis, and P. compostelae have a greater overlap of morphological characters, but remain as separate entities. A discriminant analysis showed that morphological characters used have significant multivariate differences between the taxa (P < 0.0005), and that the most important variables in the differentiation of these taxa are the percentage of floral bracts that exceeds the length of the sepals, the length of the floral bracts, and the length of the peduncle. We conclude that P. palmeri var. longebracteata is clearly a different species, not a variety, therefore is described and illustrated as P. robert-downsii, and that P. palmeri, P. compostelae and P. colimensis maintain their taxonomic status.

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13

Best, Troy L. "Tamias palmeri." Mammalian Species, no. 443 (April 23, 1993): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3504216.

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Rykwert, Joseph. "On the Palmette." Res: Anthropology and Aesthetics 26 (September 1994): 10–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/resv26n1ms20166901.

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Lakso, Alan N., Terence L. Robinson, and Steven G. Carpenter. "The Palmette Leader: A Tree Design for Improved Light Distribution." HortScience 24, no. 2 (April 1989): 271–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.24.2.271.

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Abstract A tree design, called the “palmette leader”, for improving the distribution of light within the tree canopy is described. The tree is a modification of the common central leader, and is formed by having a complete lower whorl of scaffold branches with a flat north-south-oriented palmette leader above. The large permanent gaps in the upper canopy ensure good light distribution, which was confirmed with canopy transects using fisheye photography. Preliminary evaluations of tree performance with ‘McIntosh’ apples (Malus domestica Borkh.) indicated that cumulative yields, fruit soluble solids content, and fruit dry matter were greater than well-trained central leaders, but fruit size and fruit color were similar. The improved light penetration into the center of the palmette leader compared to the central leader was found to induce higher photosynthesis of interior spur leaves exposed by summer pruning in August. Management of the palmette leader trees was found to be relatively simple.

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Mahoney, Denis J., David L. Jordan, Andrew T. Hare, Ramon G. Leon, Nilda Roma-Burgos, Matthew C. Vann, Katherine M. Jennings, Wesley J. Everman, and Charles W. Cahoon. "Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) Growth and Seed Production When in Competition with Peanut and Other Crops in North Carolina." Agronomy 11, no. 9 (August 29, 2021): 1734. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11091734.

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Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats.) is a highly competitive weed that can be difficult to manage in many cropping systems. Research to date has not quantified the growth and development of A. palmeri in a manner that allows direct comparisons across cropping systems. Research was conducted to compare the growth, development, and seed production of A. palmeri when competing with corn (Zea mays L.), cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] when emerging with crops or emerging three weeks after crops emerge. Regardless of when A. palmeri emerged, seed production was greatest and similar in cotton and peanut and exceeded that of corn and soybean; seed production in soybean exceeded that of corn. However, seed production was approximately 10-fold greater when A. palmeri emerged with crops compared with emergence three weeks later. These results illustrate the importance of controlling weeds during the first three weeks of the season relative to contributions of A. palmeri to the weed seed bank and is the first report comparing seed production in presence of these crops in a manner allowing a statistical comparison of seed production and highlighting the importance of crop sequence for seed bank management.

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Basinger, Nicholas T., Katherine M. Jennings, David W. Monks, David L. Jordan, Wesley J. Everman, Erin L. Hestir, Matthew D. Waldschmidt, Stephen C. Smith, and Cavell Brownie. "Interspecific and intraspecific interference of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) and large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis) in sweetpotato." Weed Science 67, no. 4 (June 6, 2019): 426–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/wsc.2019.16.

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AbstractField studies were conducted in 2016 and 2017 in Clinton, NC, to determine the interspecific and intraspecific interference of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson) or large crabgrass [Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.] in ‘Covington’ sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.]. Amaranthus palmeri and D. sanguinalis were established 1 d after sweetpotato transplanting and maintained season-long at 0, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 0, 1, 2, 4, 16 plants m−1 of row in the presence and absence of sweetpotato, respectively. Predicted yield loss for sweetpotato was 35% to 76% for D. sanguinalis at 1 to 16 plants m−1 of row and 50% to 79% for A. palmeri at 1 to 8 plants m−1 of row. Weed dry biomass per meter of row increased linearly with increasing weed density. Individual dry biomass of A. palmeri and D. sanguinalis was not affected by weed density when grown in the presence of sweetpotato. When grown without sweetpotato, individual weed dry biomass decreased 71% and 62% from 1 to 4 plants m−1 row for A. palmeri and D. sanguinalis, respectively. Individual weed dry biomass was not affected above 4 plants m−1 row to the highest densities of 8 and 16 plants m−1 row for A. palmeri and D. sanguinalis, respectively.

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Romero-Bastidas, Mirella, Juan José Reyes-Perez, Esli Alexis Mayer-Felix, José Saúl Hernandez-Rubio, Pablo Misael Arce-Amezquita, and Luis Guillermo Hernandez-Montiel. "Effectiveness of ethanolic extract of Lippia palmeri Wats for the management of Fusarium spp. in chickpea sedes." Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad del Zulia 37, no. 4 (September 15, 2020): 368–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v37.n4.03.

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Chickpea is a crop of world importance due to its nutritional value; however, seed and root diseases caused by Fusarium spp affect the harvest and for its control, synthetic fungicides are applied; nevertheless, natural products based on plant extracts may be an option for the sustainable management of this crop diseases. The objective of this research was to determine the in vitro and in vivo efficiency of the Lippia palmeri extract for the control of Fusarium oxysporum and F. solani in chickpea seeds. To PDA media, 500, 1000 and 2000 ppm from ethanolic extract of L. palmeri plus one agar disc of each pathogen, and the inhibition of mycelial growth was quantified. Chickpea seeds were submerged in each concentration of L. palmeri for 5 and 10 min, later, each seed was inoculated with F. oxysporum and F. solani and the disease incidence and germinated seeds were determined. The three concentrations of L. palmeri inhibited both phytopathogens in vitro. In the seeds, L. palmeri ethanolic extract decreased the incidence of F. solani and kept germination above 80%. For F.oxysporum only the highest dose of the ethanolic extract and the longest exposure time decreased the incidence by 20 % and germination was less than 25 %.The ethanolic extract of L. palmeri can be an option to decrease diseases caused by phytopathogenic funguses of the soil in chickpea seeds.

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Barnes, Joanne. "Charms & Harms: Saw palmetto." Journal of Primary Health Care 1, no. 4 (2009): 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hc09323.

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SUMMARY MESSAGE: There is no robust evidence that saw palmetto fruit extract is effective in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Evidence indicates that it is a safe product (at current doses) but with questionable efficacy. As with all herbal medicines, saw palmetto products differ in their pharmaceutical quality, and the implications of this should be considered.

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Reinhardt, Carl, Juan Vorster, Anita Küpper, Falco Peter, Adelaide Simelane, Stephanus Friis, Jacques Magson, and Chandrashekar Aradhya. "A nonnative Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) population in the Republic of South Africa is resistant to herbicides with different sites of action." Weed Science 70, no. 2 (February 14, 2022): 183–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/wsc.2022.9.

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AbstractPalmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson) is not native to Africa. Based on the presence and persistence of A. palmeri populations, its invasive status in southern Africa is classified as “naturalized.” Globally, A. palmeri is one of the most troublesome weed species in several crops, including soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], maize (Zea mays L.), and cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Certain populations of A. palmeri in various countries were reported to be resistant to herbicides with different sites of action (SOAs). Two biotypes of A. palmeri in the United States reportedly each have resistance to herbicides representing five different SOAs, and between them a total of eight different SOAs are involved. Resistance mechanisms in these biotypes involve target-site and/or non–target site resistance. Here we characterize a specific A. palmeri population that was found in the Douglas district in South Africa and showed resistance to various herbicide SOAs. Initially, this A. palmeri population was discovered in a glyphosate-tolerant cotton field, where it survived glyphosate treatment. Subsequently, greenhouse experiments were conducted to characterize this A. palmeri population for potential resistance to herbicides of additional SOAs, and molecular analyses were conducted to reveal the mechanisms of herbicide resistance. Results indicated resistance to chlorimuron-ethyl and glyphosate in this population, while <90% control (decreased sensitivity) was observed at the label rate for mesotrione, atrazine, saflufenacil, and S-metolachlor. However, glufosinate, tembotrione, acifluorfen, dicamba, 2,4-D, metribuzin, acetochlor, isoxaflutole, diflufenican, and pyroxasulfone were effective at controlling this population. This profiling of herbicide sensitivity has allowed development of programs to control and potentially minimize the spread of this weed. In addition, molecular analysis of EPSPS revealed the role of higher copy number as a mechanism for glyphosate resistance in this population and a Ser-653-Asn target-site mutation likely conferring resistance to the acetolactate synthase–inhibitor chlorimuron-ethyl. No known target-site mutations were identified for the protoporphyrinogen oxidase–inhibitor group.

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Mazin Abdulridha Ateyah, Manal Khalid Abdulridha, and Munaim Jumaa Alkabee. "Effects of Saw Palmetto Therapy on some Inflammatory Biomarkers in a Sample of Iraqi Male with Symptomatic Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia." Al Mustansiriyah Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 21, no. 1 (April 19, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.32947/ajps.v21i1.774.

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Background Saw palmetto contains powerful anti-inflammatory components commonly used in Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients with symptoms. The current study was designed to assess the effectiveness of saw palmetto alone or supplementation therapy with tamsulosin via measurement of some inflammatory biomarker in male with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) consistent with (BPH). Methods The present study is an interventional prospective randomized enrolled newly diagnosed patients with moderate to severe symptomatic BPH. The eligible 60 patients were allocated into (3) groups, each group with (20) patients; Group (1) treated with Saw palmetto cap (320 mg); Group (2) treated with Saw palmetto cap (320 mg) and tamsulosin (0.4mg); Group (3) treated with tamsulosin (0.4mg), protocols to be given once daily for 12 weeks. Measurement of prostate specific antigen (PSA), C-reactive protein (CRP), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) was done. Results There was significant decrease in the serum PSA, CRP and IL-6 level (P<0.01) in group1 and 2 patients only after treatment when compared to pretreatment. Patients on combination therapy presented with high percent of change compared to other groups. No change in CRP and IL-6 level in patients on tamsulosin alone. Conclusion From the findings of the present study, phytotherapy with Saw Palmetto alone or as supplement produced significant 3 months drop in both inflammatory markers, the total CRP level and IL-6 level. Also produced significant decrease in PSA level, and may substitute the conventional therapy in mild disease status.

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Hopkins, Melanie J., and Mark Webster. "Ontogeny and geographic variation of a new species of the corynexochine trilobite Zacanthopsis (Dyeran, Cambrian)." Journal of Paleontology 83, no. 4 (July 2009): 524–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/08-102r.1.

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Assessment of ontogenetic and geographic variation can have substantial influence on species delimitation and thereby on perceived patterns of species-level morphological variation and diversity in space and time. Here we describe the ontogeny and intraspecific variation of the early Cambrian trilobite, Zacanthopsis palmeri n. sp., based on silicified material from east-central Nevada, USA. Zacanthopsis palmeri is the oldest documented Cambrian corynexochine to shift from possessing a fused rostal-hypostomal plate to a functional hypostomal suture in mature specimens during ontogeny. Six geographically distinct samples of mature Z. palmeri from a single silicified limestone bed traceable over tens of kilometers in east-central Nevada permit exploration of geographic variation within this species using geometric morphometric methods. No one sample encompasses all of the shape variation expressed by Z. palmeri and several geographically segregated samples show some degree of morphological separation in pairwise comparison. Nonetheless, these samples are not qualitatively or quantitatively different from one another when all samples are taken into account. The degree of variation within Z. palmeri is similar in magnitude to the differences between other species in the genus known from much less material.

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Corelli-Grappadelli, L. "THE PALMETTE TRAINING SYSTEM." Acta Horticulturae, no. 513 (August 1998): 329–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1998.513.39.

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Agbabiaka, Taofikat B., Max H. Pittler, Barbara Wider, and Edzard Ernst. "Serenoa repens (Saw Palmetto)." Drug Safety 32, no. 8 (August 2009): 637–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00002018-200932080-00003.

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NeSmith, D. Scott, Arlen D. Draper, and James M. Spiers. "`Palmetto' Southern Highbush Blueberry." HortScience 39, no. 7 (December 2004): 1774–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.7.1774.

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Jibrin, Ismaila, Ayodele Erinle, Abdulfattah Saidi, and Zakari Y. Aliyu. "Saw Palmetto-induced Pancreatitis." Southern Medical Journal 99, no. 6 (June 2006): 611–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.smj.0000215642.76198.44.

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Shiver, Barry D., Steven A. Knowe, M. Boyd Edwards, and William N. Kline. "Comparison of Herbicide Treatments for Controlling Common Coastal Plain Flatwoods Species." Southern Journal of Applied Forestry 15, no. 4 (November 1, 1991): 187–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sjaf/15.4.187.

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Abstract A study was conducted to identify optimum picloram-triclopyr combinations for use on the following flatwoods species: gallberry (Ilex glabra [L.] Gray), saw palmetto (Serenoa repens [Bartram] Small), vacciniums (Vaccinium spp.), waxmyrtle (Myrica cerifera L.), fetterbush (Lyonia lucida [Lam.] K. Koch), staggerbush (Lyonia ferruginea [Water] Nutall), and sweetbay (Magnolia virginiana L). More than 70% control of gallberry, saw palmetto, vacciniums, waxmyrtle, and sweetbay was obtained with 4.0 lb a.e./ac of triclopyr alone. At least 1.0 lb of picloram combined with 1.0 lb or more of triclopyr was required to achieve 70% or greater control of fetterbush and staggerbush. The picloram formulation including 2,4-D (Tordon 101®) was more effective than the formulation without 2,4-D (Tordon K®) on saw palmetto, vacciniums and waxmyrtle. South. J. Appl. For. 15(4):187-193.

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Campbell, JE, HI Nicol, and BR Cullis. "Effect of four different canopy shapes on apple yields." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 36, no. 4 (1996): 489. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9960489.

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The cultivars, Jonathan, Delicious and Granny Smith apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) trees on MM.106, Northern Spy, Seedling and MM.102 rootstocks were trained as-vase, central leader, palmette and Hawkes Bay multi-leade; systems for 18 years. Rootstock significantly affected tree size, and there were interactions of rootstock with training systems or cultivars. There was also an interaction between training ' systems and cultivars. In the early years, while the training systems were being established, fruit yield was inversely related to the severity of the pruning; central leader- and palmette-trained trees had higher yields and tree efficiency than Hawkes Bay trees whose yields and tree efficiency were higher than vase trees. When yields reached maximum and the training systems became well established (after about 8 years of cropping), the total annual yield and tree efficiency per tree of individual training systems within a cultivar and rootstock differed only slightly. Cumulative yields of central leader, palmette and Hawkes Bay were higher than vase in the early years of all training systems and cultivars, while tree size was often smaller. In the latter years, cumulative yields of the central leader, palmette and Hawkes Bay systems remained slightly higher than vase, except with the less vigorous Jonathan and Granny Smith/ MM.102 combinations where yields were similar.

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Evron, Evyatar, Margit Juhasz, Arash Babadjouni, and Natasha Atanaskova Mesinkovska. "Natural Hair Supplement: Friend or Foe? Saw Palmetto, a Systematic Review in Alopecia." Skin Appendage Disorders 6, no. 6 (2020): 329–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000509905.

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Saw palmetto (SP), a botanical extract with antiandrogenic properties, has gained commercial popularity for its purported benefits on hair regrowth. To summarize published evidence on the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of supplements containing SP in the treatment of alopecia, we conducted a PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane database search using the following terms: (saw palmetto and hair loss), (saw palmetto and androgenetic alopecia), and (saw palmetto and natural supplement and alopecia). Five randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and 2 prospective cohort studies demonstrated positive effects of topical and oral supplements containing SP (100–320 mg) among patients with androgenetic alopecia (AGA) and telogen effluvium. Sixty percent improvement in overall hair quality, 27% improvement in total haircount, increased hair density in 83.3% of patients, and stabilized disease progression among 52% were noted with use of various topical and oral SP-containing supplements. SP was well tolerated and not associated with serious adverse events in alopecia patients. Although robust high-quality data are lacking, supplements containing SP may be a treatment option for patients with AGA, telogen effluvium, and self-perceived hair thinning. Further large-scale RCTs focusing on the sole contribution of SP to hair growth outcomes are needed to confirm efficacy and determine long-term adverse events.

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Gong, Edward M., and Glenn S. Gerber. "Saw Palmetto and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia." American Journal of Chinese Medicine 32, no. 03 (January 2004): 331–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x04001989.

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Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common health issue that affects 8% of all men at the age of 40, 60% of men in their 70s, and 90% of those greater than 80 years of age. One-fourth of these men will develop moderate to severe lower urinary tract symptoms that greatly affect their quality of life. Recent evidence suggests that the use of saw palmetto leads to improvements in urinary function for those suffering from BPH. The favorable comparison of saw palmetto with tamsulosin, a well-known first line agent in the treatment of urinary tract symptoms, demonstrates promise towards a beneficial effect of this herbal agent, with very few, if any, adverse effects. However, what degree of this beneficial activity is due to placebo effects is yet to be determined. In addition, the precise mechanism of action of saw palmetto in men with BPH remains unclear.

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Montgomery, Jacob S., Ahmed Sadeque, Darci A. Giacomini, Patrick J. Brown, and Patrick J. Tranel. "Sex-specific markers for waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) and Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri)." Weed Science 67, no. 4 (July 2019): 412–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/wsc.2019.27.

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AbstractWaterhemp [Amaranthus tuberculatus (Moq.) J. D. Sauer] and Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson) are troublesome weeds of row-crop production in the United States. Their dioecious reproductive systems ensure outcrossing, facilitating rapid evolution and distribution of resistances to multiple herbicides. Little is known, however, about the genetic basis of dioecy in Amaranthus species. In this work, we use restriction site–associated DNA sequencing (RAD-Seq) to investigate the genetic basis of sex determination in A. tuberculatus and A. palmeri. For each species, approximately 200 plants of each sex were sampled and used to create RAD-Seq libraries. The resulting libraries were separately bar-coded and then pooled for sequencing with the Illumina platform, yielding millions of 64-bp reads. These reads were analyzed to identify sex-specific and sex-biased sequences. We identified 345 male-specific sequences from the A. palmeri data set and 2,754 male-specific sequences in A. tuberculatus. An unexpected 723 female-specific sequences were identified in a subset of the A. tuberculatus females; subsequent research, however, indicated female specificity of these markers was limited to the population from which they were identified. Primer sets designed to specifically amplify male-specific sequences were tested for accuracy on multiple, geographically distinct populations of A. tuberculatus and A. palmeri, as well as other Amaranthus species. Two primer sets for A. palmeri and four primer sets for A. tuberculatus were each able to distinguish between male and female plants with at least 95% accuracy. In the near term, sex-specific markers will be useful to the A. tuberculatus and A. palmeri research communities (e.g., to predict sex for crossing experiments). In the long-term, this research will provide the foundational tools for detailed investigations into the molecular biology and evolution of dioecy in weedy Amaranthus species.

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Korres, Nicholas E., Jason K. Norsworthy, Andy Mauromoustakos, and Martin M. Williams. "Soybean density and Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) establishment time: effects on weed biology, crop yield, and economic returns." Weed Science 68, no. 5 (June 2, 2020): 467–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/wsc.2020.41.

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AbstractKnowledge of crop–weed interference effects on weed biology along with yield penalties can be used for the development of integrated weed management (IWM) tactics. Nevertheless, little is known about the beneficial effects of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] density, an important aspect of IWM, on late Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson) establishment time. Two field experiments were conducted in 2014 and 2015 to investigate how various soybean densities and A. palmeri establishment timings in weeks after crop emergence (WAE) affect height, biomass, and seed production of the weed but also crop yield in drill-seeded soybean. Soybean density had a significant impact on dry weight and seed production of A. palmeri that established within the first 2 wk of crop emergence, but not for establishment timings of the weed 4 wk and later in relation to crop emergence. Differential performance of A. palmeri gender was observed, regarding greater biomass production of female than male plants under crop presence, and merits further investigation. Grain yield reductions were recorded at earlier A. palmeri establishment timings (i.e., 0 and 1 WAE) compared with 8 WAE establishment timing in 2014 and 2015. High soybean densities resulted in greater soybean yields compared with low soybean density, but no grain yield benefits were observed between medium and high soybean densities. Crop budget analysis revealed the benefits of moderate seeding rate (i.e., 250, 000 seeds ha−1) increases in comparison to lower (i.e., 125,000 seeds ha−1) or high (i.e., 400,000 seeds ha−1) on crop revenue, net income returns, and breakeven price. Earlier A. palmeri establishment timings (i.e., 0, 1, and 2 WAE) resulted in lower crop revenue and net income returns compared with later establishment timings of the weed.

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Basinger, Nicholas T., Katherine M. Jennings, David W. Monks, David L. Jordan, Wesley J. Everman, Erin L. Hestir, Matthew B. Bertucci, and Cavell Brownie. "Large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis) and Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) intraspecific and interspecific interference in soybean." Weed Science 67, no. 6 (August 28, 2019): 649–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/wsc.2019.43.

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AbstractField studies were conducted in 2016 and 2017 at Clinton, NC, to quantify the effects of season-long interference of large crabgrass [Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.] and Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson) on ‘AG6536’ soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Weed density treatments consisted of 0, 1, 2, 4, and 8 plants m−2 for A. palmeri and 0, 1, 2, 4, and 16 plants m−2 for D. sanguinalis with (interspecific interference) and without (intraspecific interference) soybean to determine the impacts on weed biomass, soybean biomass, and seed yield. Biomass per square meter increased with increasing weed density for both weed species with and without soybean present. Biomass per square meter of D. sanguinalis was 617% and 37% greater when grown without soybean than with soybean, for 1 and 16 plants m−2 respectively. Biomass per square meter of A. palmeri was 272% and 115% greater when grown without soybean than with soybean for 1 and 8 plants m−2, respectively. Biomass per plant for D. sanguinalis and A. palmeri grown without soybean was greatest at the 1 plant m−2 density. Biomass per plant of D. sanguinalis plants across measured densities was 33% to 83% greater when grown without soybean compared with biomass per plant when soybean was present for 1 and 16 plants m−2, respectively. Similarly, biomass per plant for A. palmeri was 56% to 74% greater when grown without soybean for 1 and 8 plants m−2, respectively. Biomass per plant of either weed species was not affected by weed density when grown with soybean due to interspecific competition with soybean. Yield loss for soybean grown with A. palmeri ranged from 14% to 37% for densities of 1 to 8 plants m−2, respectively, with a maximum yield loss estimate of 49%. Similarly, predicted loss for soybean grown with D. sanguinalis was 0 % to 37% for densities of 1 to 16 m−2 with a maximum yield loss estimate of 50%. Soybean biomass was not affected by weed species or density. Results from these studies indicate that A. palmeri is more competitive than D. sanguinalis at lower densities, but that similar yield loss can occur when densities greater than 4 plants m−2 of either weed are present.

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ANKER, ARTHUR. "Description of a third species in the alpheid shrimp genus Richalpheus Anker & Jeng, 2006 (Crustacea, Decapoda)." Zootaxa 3059, no. 1 (October 14, 2011): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3059.1.4.

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A new species of the alpheid genus Richalpheus Anker & Jeng, 2006 is described from the Egyptian Red Sea and Moorea, French Polynesia. Richalpheus alpheoides sp. nov. differs from the two previously described species of this genus, R. palmeri Anker & Jeng, 2006 and R. dahabensis Dworschak & Anker, 2007, by the presence of a distinct proximal tooth on the dactylus fitting into a shallow fossa on the pollex of the major chela, reminiscent of the snapping mechanism in Alpheus Fabricius, 1798. Recently collected material of R. palmeri from Moorea is reported, whilst a specimen previously reported as R. palmeri is reassigned to R. alpheoides sp. nov. A key to the three known species of Richalpheus is provided.

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Vanti, Giulia, Maria Camilla Bergonzi, and Anna Rita Bilia. "Development of Nanoliposomes Loaded with Carbon Dioxide Serenoa repens (Saw Palmetto) Extract." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 21, no. 5 (May 1, 2021): 2943–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2021.19045.

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Liposomes represent, among the nanocarriers, the most useful ones for dermatological use, and their composition, charge, size strongly influence their performance in topical drug delivery systems, with possible accumulation of the loaded drugs in the hair follicles. Recently, a saw palmetto carbon dioxide (CO2) extract has been reported useful for the treatment of hair loss because of the inhibition of 5α-reductase enzyme, responsible of the conversion of testosterone to the most potent androgen, the 5α-dihydrotestosterone. In this work, the formation of nano-sized liposomes and the encapsulation efficiency of saw palmetto CO2 extract were investigated by light scattering techniques, microscopy and HPLC. The vesicles were loaded with 0.1% w/v saw palmetto CO2 extract and were small in size (mean size of 145±5 nm). In addition, they were homogeneously dispersed (polydispersity index ≤0.27) and negatively charged (mean value −36.2±3.1 mV). The developed nanoliposomes could represent suitable drug delivery systems to treat the hair loss.

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Carrington, Mary E., J. Jeffrey Mullahey, Gerard Krewer, Bob Boland, and James Affolter. "Saw Palmetto (Serenoa repens): An Emerging Forest Resource in the Southeastern United States." Southern Journal of Applied Forestry 24, no. 3 (August 1, 2000): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sjaf/24.3.129.

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Abstract Saw palmetto fruits collected from the wild are becoming a significant economic resource in Florida and south Georgia. The fruits are used to produce a drug for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Here we introduce saw palmetto as an emerging resource for foresters and land managers, evaluate potential management practices, and discuss harvesting, processing and marketing aspects. Fruit production can be variable, affected by fruit disease, insect damage to flowers, depletion of plant carbohydrate reserves and drought. Controlled burning can enhance flowering and fruiting, but frequent burning may severely limit fruit production. Fruit harvesting in late summer is currently dominated by a freelance market. Fruits are dried immediately after harvesting, and most are shipped to Europe, where they are ground and active ingredients extracted with solvents. With recognition of the medicinal use of saw palmetto increasing, demand for fruits is likely to rise. South. J. Appl. For. 24(3):129-134.

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KARAOUZAS, IOANNIS, HALIL IBRAHIMI, and JOHANN WARINGER. "The larva of Rhyacophila palmeni McLachlan 1879 (Trichoptera: Rhyacophilidae) from Greece and Kosovo with notes on ecology and zoogeography including a key to the known Greek Rhyacophila larvae." Zootaxa 4514, no. 1 (November 5, 2018): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4514.1.8.

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The larva of Rhyacophila palmeni McLachlan 1879 is described, based on material from Greece and Kosovo. The diagnostic features of the species are discussed and illustrated, and some information on its ecology and distribution are included. In addition, diagnostic characters for larvae of the known Greek Rhyacophila species are provided.

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Traynor, Kate. "Palmetto weathers South Carolina flooding." American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 72, no. 24 (December 15, 2015): 2132–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2146/news150085.

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Heymans, Elon D. "PALMETTE CUPS FROM ANCIENT TANAGRA." Annual of the British School at Athens 108 (November 2013): 235–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068245413000105.

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This article provides an overview of the development of palmette cups from ancient Tanagra. Also known as floral cups, these formed the predominant type of decorated pottery in Boeotia and neighbouring areas during the Classical period. Production of these cups – which were decorated with simple floral motifs (mostly palmettes) in silhouette technique – peaked towards the end of the fifth and in the early fourth century bc. This study is based on a catalogue of 74 cups of unknown context in the apotheke of the Schimatari Museum, with reference to other material from excavations and collections, thus providing the most comprehensive body of palmette vases known from Tanagra or any other production centre. With a focus on vase shape and decoration, several groups or workshops are identified. The picture that is built up contributes to a better understanding of the diversity and development of this type of pottery, and offers an insight into the ceramic traditions of Boeotia in general.

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Gandhi, Kanchi N. "Validation ofPediomelum palmeri(Fabaceae)." Harvard Papers in Botany 20, no. 2 (December 2015): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.3100/hpib.v20iss2.2015.n10.

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Duguma, Dagne, Michael W. Hall, Chelsea T. Smartt, Mustapha Debboun, and Josh D. Neufeld. "Microbiota variations in Culex nigripalpus disease vector mosquito of West Nile virus and Saint Louis Encephalitis from different geographic origins." PeerJ 6 (January 9, 2019): e6168. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6168.

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Although mosquito microbiota are known to influence reproduction, nutrition, disease transmission, and pesticide resistance, the relationship between host-associated microbial community composition and geographical location is poorly understood. To begin addressing this knowledge gap, we characterized microbiota associated with adult females of Culex nigripalpus mosquito vectors of Saint Louis Encephalitis and West Nile viruses sampled from three locations in Florida (Vero Beach, Palmetto Inland, and Palmetto Coast). High-throughput sequencing of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA genes demonstrated significant differences among microbial communities of mosquitoes sampled from the three locations. Mosquitoes from Vero Beach (east coast Florida) were dominated by uncultivated Asaia sp. (Alphaproteobacteria), whereas microbiota associated with mosquitoes collected from two mosquito populations at Palmetto (west coast Florida) sites were dominated by uncultured Spironema culicis (Spirochaetes), Salinisphaera hydrothermalis (Gammaproteobacteria), Spiroplasma (Mollicutes), uncultured Enterobacteriaceae, Candidatus Megaira (Alphaproteobacteria; Rickettsiae), and Zymobacter (Gammaproteobacteria). The variation in taxonomic profiles of Cx. nigripalpus gut microbial communities, especially with respect to dominating taxa, is a potentially critical factor in understanding disease transmission and mosquito susceptibility to insecticides among different mosquito populations.

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Della Torre, Carl J., William T. Haller, and Lyn A. Gettys. "Effect of Soil Carbon on Phytotoxicity of Topramezone-treated Irrigation Water to St. Augustinegrass." HortTechnology 28, no. 1 (February 2018): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech03858-17.

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Topramezone is a 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD)-inhibiting herbicide that was labeled for aquatic use in Florida in 2013 with a maximum submersed application concentration of 50 µg·L−1. Preliminary greenhouse studies reported that the concentration of herbicide that reduces growth by 10% compared with untreated controls (EC10) of topramezone in irrigation water applied to st. augustinegrass (Stenotaphrum secundatum) grown in 100% sand was 3.5 ppb. The objective of these experiments was to determine whether substrate carbon content influenced the response of ‘Palmetto’ st. augustinegrass to irrigation with topramezone-treated water. The herbicide was applied at concentrations ranging from 0 to 120 ppb to mature plants grown in 7.5-inch-diameter nursery containers. Pots were filled with washed masonry sand amended with one of five carbon contents: 0%, 0.3%, 0.6%, 1.5%, and 4.0%. Plants were irrigated twice weekly for 4 weeks with topramezone-containing water and grown out for 12 weeks after the final topramezone treatment to evaluate possible recovery from any herbicide damage. Plant material was clipped as needed for a total of eight harvests and each harvest was dried and weighed. EC10 values for ‘Palmetto’ st. augustinegrass grown in substrates with 0%, 0.3%, 0.6%, 1.5%, and 4.0% carbon were 3.7, 7.3, 10.1, 28.1, and 25.7 ppb, respectively. These experiments revealed that substrate carbon content has a noteworthy effect on the susceptibility of ‘Palmetto’ st. augustinegrass to topramezone in irrigation water. However, regular irrigation with water containing high concentrations of topramezone is likely to cause damage to ‘Palmetto’ st. augustinegrass in Florida's sandy soils.

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Moreira, Paulo Roberto Staudt, and Ubaldininha Da Costa Torres Luize. "Todos eles com as características flagrantes e muito vivas de subversão: Homofobia, ditadura militar e a cassação de um prefeito (Feliz, RS, 1969)." História Unicap 5, no. 10 (July 1, 2019): 396. http://dx.doi.org/10.25247/hu.2018.v5n10.p396-413.

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Este artigo visa contribuir para a pesquisa sobre os vínculos entre a repressão à ho- mossexualidade e a ditadura militar brasileira (1964/1984), tema ainda pouco ana- lisado pela historiografia. O foco será dado ao caso da cassação do prefeito do mu- nicípio de Feliz (RS) pelo AI-5, em 1969, recorrendo a fontes diversas, mas princi- palmente as atas do Conselho de Segurança Nacional.

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Norsworthy, Jason K., Vijay K. Varanasi, Muthukumar Bagavathiannan, and Chad Brabham. "Recurrent Selection with Sub-Lethal Doses of Mesotrione Reduces Sensitivity in Amaranthus palmeri." Plants 10, no. 7 (June 25, 2021): 1293. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10071293.

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Amaranthus palmeri, ranked as the most prolific and troublesome weed in North America, has evolved resistance to several herbicide sites of action. Repeated use of any one herbicide, especially at lower than recommended doses, can lead to evolution of weed resistance, and, therefore, a better understanding of the process of resistance evolution is essential for the management of A. palmeri and other difficult-to-control weed species. Amaranthus palmeri rapidly developed resistance to 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) inhibitors such as mesotrione. The objective of this study was to test the potential for low-dose applications of mesotrione to select for reduced susceptibility over multiple generations in an A. palmeri population collected from an agricultural field in 2001. F0 plants from the population were initially treated with sub-lethal mesotrione rates and evaluated for survival three weeks after treatment. All F0 plants were controlled at the 1× rate (x = 105 g ai ha−1). However, 2.5% of the F0 plants survived the 0.5× treatment. The recurrent selection process using plants surviving various mesotrione rates was continued until the F4 generation was reached. Based on the GR50 values, the sensitivity index was determined to be 1.7 for the F4 generation. Compared to F0, HPPD gene expression level in the F3 population increased. Results indicate that after several rounds of recurrent selection, the successive generations of A. palmeri became less responsive to mesotrione, which may explain the reduced sensitivity of this weed to HPPD-inhibiting herbicides. The results have significance in light of the recently released soybean and soon to be released cotton varieties with resistance to HPPD inhibitors.

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León de la Luz, José Luis, Raymundo Domínguez Cadena, and Sara Cecilia Díaz Castro. "Evaluación del peso del leño a partir de variables dimensionales en dos especies de mezquite Prosopis articulata S. Watson y P. palmeri S. Watson, en Baja California Sur, México." Acta Botanica Mexicana, no. 72 (July 1, 2005): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21829/abm72.2005.998.

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El presente trabajo se propone definir, mediante modelos de regresión, un procedimiento sencillo de evaluación de la biomasa fresca del leño de dos especies de mezquite (Prosopis articulata y P. palmeri), actualmente aprovechadas como materia prima para elaborar carbón vegetal en la Sierra de La Giganta, Baja California Sur, México. Esta práctica se ha realizado desde hace varias décadas, pero sólo desde 1990 se cuenta con estadísticas basadas en permisos otorgados. Las variables independientes que mejor se correlacionaron con el peso fresco del leño en una muestra destructiva fueron el perímetro basal del tronco en el caso de P. articulata (R2 = 0.98, F = 394.12), y la cobertura del dosel en P. palmeri (R2 = 0.94, F = 63.26), los modelos empíricos empleados fueron el logarítmico y el exponencial, respectivamente. Para aplicar las fórmulas encontradas se procedió a determinar en muestreos no destructivos en 11 superficies de una hectárea el valor de la variable independiente respectiva en 1,283 individuos de P. palmeri y 755 de P. articulata. De esta manera se calculó que el peso de leño en pie útil para la elaboración de carbón para P. articulata es de 37,040 kg/ha y para P. palmeri es de 2,045 kg/ha. De acuerdo con las tasas de extracción autorizadas oficialmente durante la década de 1990, la biomasa del leño calculada correspondería a un aprovechamiento anual de todos los individuos de tallas adecuadas para el propósito (diámetro basal del tronco > 10 cm) de P. articulata en 179 ha en los cauces de arroyos, o bien de 3,928 ha en mesas y lomeríos en el caso de que se hubieran explotado exclusivamente individuos de P. palmeri.

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Lillie, Kathryn J., Darci A. Giacomini, Jonathan D. Green, and Patrick J. Tranel. "Coevolution of resistance to PPO inhibitors in waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) and Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri)." Weed Science 67, no. 05 (August 14, 2019): 521–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/wsc.2019.41.

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AbstractThe first case of evolved protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO)-inhibitor resistance was observed in 2001 in common waterhemp [Amaranthus tuberculatus (Moq.) Sauer var. rudis (Sauer) Costea and Tardif]. This resistance in A. tuberculatus is most commonly conferred by deletion of the amino acid glycine at the 210th position (ΔGly-210) of the PPO enzyme (PPO2) encoded by PPX2. In a field in Kentucky in 2015, inadequate control of Amaranthus plants was observed following application of a PPO inhibitor. Morphological observations indicated that survivors included both A. tuberculatus and Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson). Research was conducted to confirm species identities and resistance and then to determine whether resistance evolved independently in the two species or via hybridization. Results from a quantitative PCR assay based on the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer confirmed that both A. tuberculatus and A. palmeri coexisted in the field. The mutation conferring ΔGly-210 in PPO2 was identified in both species; phylogenetic analysis of a region of PPX2, however, indicated that the mutation evolved independently in the two species. Genotyping of greenhouse-grown plants that survived lactofen indicated that all A. tuberculatus survivors, but only a third of A. palmeri survivors, contained the ΔGly-210 mutation. Consequently, A. palmeri plants were evaluated for the presence of an arginine to glycine or methionine substitution at position 128 of PPO2 (Arg-128-Gly and Arg-128-Met). The Arg-128-Gly substitution was found to account for resistance that was not accounted for by the ΔGly-210 mutation in plants from the A. palmeri population. Results from this study provide a modern-day example of both parallel and convergent evolution occurring within a single field.

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Trezzi, Michelangelo Muzell, Henrique Von Hertwig Bittencourt, Leandro Galon, Francielli Diesel, and Ribas Antonio Vidal. "Características biológicas, resistência a herbicidas e manejo de Amaranthus palmeri em agroecossistemas." Revista Brasileira de Herbicidas 15, no. 1 (March 15, 2016): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.7824/rbh.v15i1.429.

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Populações da espécie A. palmeri com resistência a herbicidas foram detectadas em lavouras brasileiras em 2014. Plantas dessa espécie nunca foram identificadas anteriormente no Brasil. Em outros locais do mundo, A. palmeri causa muitos prejuízos, em função das características biológicas que a torna muito competitiva em sistemas agrícolas. Além disso, populações resistentes aos herbicidas são problemas importantes no manejo das plantas, especialmente quando ocorre resistência múltipla. Na presente revisão são descritas as características biológicas dessa espécie que auxiliam no entendimento da sua adaptação, os prejuízos potenciais para as culturas e, também, na expectativa de encontrar vulnerabilidades que possam ser utilizadas no manejo das plantas. São descritos os casos de resistência de A. palmeri registrados no mundo, bem como os mecanismos causais da mesma. Também são discutidas ações que permitam o manejo e o controle dessa espécie nas culturas do algodão, soja e milho.

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Sánchez-del Pino, Ivonne, Alfredo Dorantes-Euan, and Ariadna Ibarra-Morales. "Primer registro de la maleza agrícola e invasiva Amaranthus palmeri (Amaranthaceae) para la flora de la Península de Yucatán y actualización de la diversidad de Amaranthus en la región." Botanical Sciences 97, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 433. http://dx.doi.org/10.17129/botsci.2189.

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Abstract:

Background: Amaranthus palmeri is a dioecious weed that has become an invasive species because of its proliferation ability and high resistance to herbicides. This species is considered one of the most troublesome weed species for the United States of America agricultural system, therefore, the documentation of this species is important for a region that harbors high biodiversity as well as many agricultural activities, as the Peninsula of Yucatan.Question: Amaranthus palmeri is distributed in Peninsula of Yucatan.Studied species: Amaranthus palmeri S. WatsonStudy site: Two sites in Yucatán, México in 2014, 2017 y 2018.Methods: Morphological characters were examined, characterized and measured, and floral characters were photographed.Results: Amaranthus palmeri is documented for the first time in the Peninsula of Yucatan. The collected specimens are described. Differences and similarities with other species of the genus in the region are discussed. Intraspecific variation of the populations is reported. A key to the species of Amaranthus in the Peninsula of Yucatan is provided.Conclusions: Twelve species of Amaranthus were identified in the Yucatan Peninsula, including A. palmeri. The morphological variation of sepals of the female flowers of A. palmeri might indicate hybridization, phenotypic plasticity or intraspecific variation, which might be related to its ability to adapt to the agricultural systems and artificial environments that colonizes; therefore, the generation of knowledge for this species might be helpful in designing more efficient management solutions.

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Sharma, Sarah, Johannes Bruder, and Nelly Y. Pinkrah. "McLuhan unter Palmen." Zeitschrift für Medienwissenschaft 14, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 125–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/zfmw-2022-140113.

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Koetz, Ina. "Fobi unter Palmen?" physiopraxis 13, no. 01 (January 9, 2015): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0034-1544019.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Palmenti'

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