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Academic literature on the topic 'Paléobiogéographie – Neuquén, Bassin de (Argentine)'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Paléobiogéographie – Neuquén, Bassin de (Argentine)"
Chaumeil, Rodriguez Micaela. "Calcareous nannofossils from Los Molles Formation, south of Huincul High, Neuquén Basin, Argentina : biostratigraphy and paleobiogeographic reconstructions for the Early to Middle Jurassic (Pliensbachian-Aalenian)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon 1, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LYO10116.
Full textCalcareous nannofossils represent a diverse group of fossils, dating back to the Late Triassic and extending their record to the present day, characterised by their calcareous composition and a size under 30 microns. Among them oustand the coccolithophorids, which constitute the most important fraction of calcareous nannoplankton, i.e. flagellated unicellular algae belonging to the Subclass Calcihaptophycidae, covered by calcium carbonate plates (coccoliths), and typically marine inhabitants of the photic zone. The representation of coccolithophorids in the fossil record corresponds to their exoskeletal remnants, commonly preserved in a disaggregated form, as individual coccoliths. Their presence in the oceans is key as they are one of the main groups of marine primary producers. Evidence from the geological record suggests that coccolithophorids have maintained their ecological requirements almost invariant over time, making them key to reconstruct palaeoenvironmental, palaeobiogeographical and palaeoclimatic conditions. The aim of this thesis is to study the calcareous nannofossil associations of Early-Middle Jurassic marine sediments, south of the Huincul High, Neuquén Basin (Argentina). By combining this information with that already available, we seek to expand and improve the biostratigraphic resources of the basin, determine similarities with assemblages from other regions of the world, and evaluate the response of these organisms to important palaeoenvironmental events. The study focuses on samples from three outcrop sections —named El Matuasto I, II and III— and two exploratory boreholes —YPF.Nq.BCE.x-1 and YPF.Nq.PTU.x-2—. A total of 102 surface samples, 20 core samples and 91 drill cuttings samples were studied. In addition, geochemical analyses (i.e., stable carbon isotopes, total organic matter and elemental composition) were performed on 384 outcrop samples. Random settling and gravity settling techniques were used to process the calcareous nannofossil samples. Quantitative analysis of nannofossils required counting at least 300 individuals; in case of a sample with low abundance, counting stopped at 450 fields of view. The degree of similarity between nannofossil associations was assessed by running NMDS and UPGMA analyses, both using the Dice index. Pyrolysis and isotope ratio mass spectrometry were used to process samples for total organic matter and stable isotope analysis, respectively. For the elemental analysis, the X-ray diffraction technique was executed. In all cases, samples containing shell remains and/or evidence of weathering were avoided. Forty-nine species are described, distributed in nine families and one species insertae sedis, of which five are recognised for the first time for the basin and the southeast Pacific area, and most of them are illustrated. Six biozones and numerous subzones are recognized on the surface and subsurface sections and correlate with biostratigraphic schemes of the Tethys region. These correspond to the Pliensbachian (Biozone NJT4) to the middle Aalenian - early Bajocian (Biozone NJT9). Three intervals of negative isotopic excursions accompanied by increases in organic matter content are identified. Applying the biostratigraphic framework, the first of these is considered to be the time-equivalent of the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event (T-OAE). The other high-amplitude isotope excursions recorded in the middle Toarcian and in the Toarcian-Aalenian interval represent the first record of their kind for the Toarcian - Aalenian interval in the Neuquén Basin, and the second record for the southern hemisphere. The Pliensbachian calcareous nannofossil associations recognized in one of the sections are biogeographically related to those of the Tethys region. The Hispanic Corridor is identified as the pathway of calcareous nannofossil dispersal between the Pacific and Tethys oceans during the Early Jurassic, indicating its time of opening at least from the early Pliensbachian
Backé, Guillaume. "Partitionnement de la déformation en zone de convergence. : Le cas des Andes vénézuéliennes et du bassin de Neuquén (Andes Centrales méridionales)." Pau, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PAUU3042.
Full textA Strain partitioning tectonic regime transpressive zones consists of an accommodation of the deformations at a lithosperical scale between strike-slip faults and thrusts. The Andes provide favourable conditions for the study of the tectonic evolution of areas subjected to such strain partitioning process. The Venezuelan Andes, located in the septentrional section of the Andes, corresponds to an area of strain partitioning juxtaposed with a process of tectonic escape. The Bocono fault cuts the belt over its entire length along its axis. In the central part of the Venezuelan Andes, nomal faults binding crustal blocks are located in the centre of a 100 km in length for 25 km in width releasing bend of the Bocono fault, linked to its right lateral movement and which age can be evaluated from the Plio(?)-Quaternary era. The septentrional section of the Venezuelan Andes is cut by a series of north-trending left lateral strike-slip faults, among which the Valera fault, along with the Bocono fault, bound the crustal-size Trujillo block. The analysis of plio-quaternary deformations in the meridional section of this block shows that it is subjected to a tectonic escape process towards the Caribbean plate. The Neuquén basin exhibits plio-quaternary deformations compatible with high-angle strain partitioning, characterised by the juxtaposition of strike slip faults trending N020°E and of N-S thrust faults. Plio-quaternary arc volcanism is associated with strike-slip faults-related structures. Back-arc volcanism could be partly associated with compressional structures, as the main volcanic vents in the external zone of the Neuquén basin are located along the anticlines axis
Krim, Nesma. "Architecture stratigraphique, dynamique sédimentaire et distribution de la matière organique de la formation de la Vaca Muerta (Bassin de Neuquén, Argentine)." Thesis, Pau, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PAUU3016/document.
Full textThe Vaca Muerta Formation is the principal source rock in the Neuquén Basin (Argentina). It constitutes also the major unconventional play in Argentina. Therefore, the Vaca Muerta formation stirs up large interest in the oil industry to understand the architecture and the organic matter distribution of this reservoir. Our study proposes an integrated approach, using sedimentology, stratigraphy, mineralogy and geochemistry in order to understand the depositional system and the paleoenvironmental conditions. The ultimate goal of this work is to clarify the stratigraphic relationship between organic-rich level and the basin filling. In the eastern part of the Neuquén basin, the study of 3D seismic allowed us to identify a wave-dominated depositional system and assess the role of the local tectonic and the eustatic control through seismic geometry. We carried out extensive field investigation, including logs and sampling, first in the Picún Leufú Anticline (southern part of the basin) and second, on several areas along a N-S trend over 500 km distance. This study allowed to define two major sectors which evolve differently. The first one corresponds to the central and southern part of the basin (from Picún Leufú Anticline to Chos Malal). There, an evolution from a siliciclastic shelf to a mixed ramp setting is observed during the Tithonian-Valanginian interval. Sediments were redistributed along the shoreface by longshore currents and further transported by storm and gravitary currents basinward. The second sector corresponds to Malargüe area (North area). It displays a perennial carbonate ramp during the Tithonian-Valanginian interval. Sequence stratigraphy analysis of all areas shows an homogeneous signal with five transgressive-regressive sequences in the basin. The geochemistry and clay mineralogy indicate the climate role in the evolution of the sedimentary environments. Geochemistry displays a “normal marine” environment with oxic waters and short-lived episodes of euxinia that coincides with the organic-rich levels. Lastly, the integrated approach, connecting stratigraphy end geochemistry shows four to five organic-rich intervals that coincide with the transgressive systems tract
Larmier, Salomé. "Génération de fluides, migration et fracturation au sein des roches mères : cas de la formation de la Vaca Muerta, bassin de Neuquén, Argentine." Thesis, Le Mans, 2020. http://cyberdoc-int.univ-lemans.fr/Theses/2020/2020LEMA1009.pdf.
Full textNatural hydraulic fractures caused by fluid overpressure phenomena are common in source rocks. They generally materialize in calcite veins more commonly known as "beef". The study of these veins makes it possible to better constrain the tectonic and thermal history of the basin. Moreover, understanding their spatial distribution is a key parameter for unconventional oil exploitation, as the beef plays an important role on the development of induced hydraulic fracturing. This work presents a multidisciplinary approach in the field of geosciences to constrain the timing, distribution, morphology and origin of the fluid feeding the beef. The case study is from the Vaca Muerta formation, Neuquén basin, Argentina. The results of studies carried out on sediment cores and outcrops showed that sedimentary heterogeneities, high TOC values, rock maturity and compressive tectonic stresses controlled the frequency and thickness of the beef. Thus, they become markers of rock maturity. Beefs have a 3D morphology that varies according to the surrounding rock. Petrographic observations have shown that they record the contemporary and posterior deformation of their opening. The fluids that feed these fractures evolve over time and change locally according to the mineralogical composition of the surrounding rock and temperature. To conclude, the beefs are mechanically set in place by the action of fluid pressure and/or compressive tectonic stress, at the maximum burial and at the beginning of the exhumation of the basin
Matthieu, Branellec. "Impact du mode de propagation des fronts orogéniques sur la géométrie, la localisation et la chronologie de la déformation : Cas du Bassin de Neuquén, (Argentine)." Thesis, Pau, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PAUU3042/document.
Full textThis PhD project deals with multiscale record of the tectonic signal in the Malargüe fold-and-thrust-belt (MFTB) located in the northern part of the Neuquén basin (Argentina). The first results presented rely on the study of the macroscopic finite strain in the fold-belt and the characterization of the active deformation of the San Rafael Block uplift. The cross-sections we produce show that structural inheritance related to the Jurassic extension is the main parameter controlling the belt structure. In addition we proposed that the building mechanisms that controlled the MFTB evolution by Miocene times are the same than those triggering the present day San Rafael block uplift. The second part of this work is dedicated to mesoscopic strain pattern analysis recorded by fracture networks. Throughout the MFTB, we are able to describe the occurrence of four main fractures sets emplaced in several stress regime that are linked (1) to the inheritance and (2) to the well-known compression phases from pre-folding to syn-folding settings. Finally the third part of this work describes the microscopic damage recorded by the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility method. We mainly evidence that there is no clear gradient of magnetic fabrics from foreland to hinterland and that deformation is compartmentalized by structural inheritance. This atypical pattern of magnetic fabrics succession reveals that the matrix damage is governed by the same strain distribution as those observed at macroscopic scale thus providing a supplementary argument to consider the Andean system at these latitudes as singularly different from a classical Coulomb wedge