Academic literature on the topic 'PALATAL SHAPE'
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Journal articles on the topic "PALATAL SHAPE"
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Milenkovic, Jovana, Milica Vasiljevic, Nemanja Jovicic, Dragan Milovanovic, Dragica Selakovic, and Gvozden Rosic. "Criteria for the Classification of the Interradicular Septum Shape in Maxillary Molars with Clinical Importance for Prosthetic-Driven Immediate Implant Placement." Diagnostics 12, no. 6 (June 10, 2022): 1432. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12061432.
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The aim of this study was to use cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) to evaluate the morphometric properties of the interradicular septum (IRS) in the maxillary molar region that may be indicative for prosthetic-driven implant placement. Following the repetitive algorithm based on the visual identification of IRS shapes, we described the following IRS shapes: arrow, boat, drop, and palatal and buccal convergence. The incidence of IRS shapes showed significant differences for the first and second maxillary molars (the highest frequency for the arrow shape, and the lowest for the drop shape) with no significant difference between the molars. The most prominent width indicative for implant placement was observed in the palatal convergence shape, whereas the height criteria were the most satisfying in the buccal convergence-shaped IRS for both molars. Apart from the parameters in the coronal view, the image analysis in the axial view revealed that IRS surface area, required for the implant placement, was the most prominent in the palatal convergence shape for the first, and boat shape for the second molars. Our results showed the benefits of CBCT diagnostics in posterior maxilla morphometric analysis. IRS shape classification may be helpful in achieving more rapid and accurate planning for interventions in this region.
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Damara, Ovy Prima, Nila Kasuma, and Eni Rahmi. "PERBEDAAN BENTUK DAN UKURAN RUGAE PALATINA ANTARA MAMAK DAN KAMANAKAN LAKI-LAKI SUKU MINANGKABAU DI WILAYAH LUHAK NAN TIGO." Andalas Dental Journal 5, no. 1 (June 4, 2017): 8–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/adj.v5i1.66.
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Forensic odontology in dentistry is used to identify victims. Several methods can be used, such as rugoscopy.
Rugoscopy is a victim identification method by evaluating the palatal rugae. Rugoscopy is very advantageous due to its low cost, fast results and practical nature. Palatal rugae is protected from trauma and high temperature due to its internal position in the oral cavity. Palatal rugae is an individualistic structure, though it bears several resemblance with the hereditary pattern due to the polygenic mechanism. The purpose of this research is to determine the difference of palatal rugae shape and size between uncle and nephew in Minangkabau ethnics. This study is an analytical observational study with a cross sectional approach. A total of 78 pairs of uncle and nephew of the Minangkabau ethnicity in Luhak Nan Tigo. Palatal rugae is classified using the Thomaz and Khutze classification. Data were analyzed by using Mann Whitney non-parametric statistical analysis. Data analysis show the palatal rugae shape of uncle and nephew from the Minangkabau ethnicity is dominated by a wavy shape, followed by curvy, straight, unified and circular shapes. The palatal rugae size of uncle and naphew from the Minangkabau ethnicity is dominated by primary size, followed by secondary and fragmenter size. Mann Whitney analysis revealed no significant difference of palatal rugae shape and size between uncle and nephew in Minangkabau ethnics (p>0,05), though there is a significant difference in the unified shape (p<0,05). Palatal rugae shape and size have a similar pattern with hereditery patterns, though not identical. Palatal rugae may be used as a secondary method of victim identification
Keywords : Rugoscopy, palatal rugae, uncle and nephew
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Beljic-Ivanovic, Katarina, and Vladimir Ivanovic. "Anatomical features of the palatal root canal in maxillary first molars and their influence on endodontic procedure." Serbian Dental Journal 55, no. 1 (2008): 43–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sgs0801043b.
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Introduction: More detailed acquaintance with specialist endodontic literature and treating complicated endodontic cases have revealed that the palatal root canal in maxillary first molars has different features from generally accepted simplicity. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the number, orientation and shape of the curvature of the palatal root canal in maxillary first molars, characteristics that may have great influence on the procedure and outcome of endodontic therapy. Materials and methods: Material consisted of 100 left and 100 right extracted human first maxillary molars. Extended access cavity was prepared, and canal orifices were detected using an endodontic probe. K-flex file no 15 or 20 was then introduced into the palatal root canal until the tip appeared at the apical foramen. The tooth was radiographed from buccal-oral (clinical) and mesial-distal (proximal) aspect under standardized conditions. On magnified images, the number and character of canal, orientation and shape of the curvature were determined. Results: One palatal root canal was found in each of 200 teeth. From the clinical projection, 60% of the palatal canals appeared curved and from the proximal 93.5% (p<0.05). Out of 120 curved canals from the clinical aspect, 66.7% were oriented distally and 33.3% mesially. From the proximal projection, of 187 curved canals 68,4% were oriented buccally, and 31,6% palatally. From the clinical projection, 49.2% were C-shaped, and 32.5 % with the J-shaped curvature. Only 18.3% of the palatal canals were with the S-shaped curvature (p<0.05). Conclusions: Upon presented results, practitioners may predict with high significance the character, orientation and curvature shape of the palatal root canal in maxillary first molars in the buccal-oral dimension which is not visible on clinical radiographs and, therefore, perform more successful endodontic treatment.
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Dellavia, Claudia, Chiarella Sforza, Angela Malerba, Laura Strohmenger, and Virgilio F. Ferrario. "Palatal Size and Shape in 6-Year Olds Affected by Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia." Angle Orthodontist 76, no. 6 (November 1, 2006): 978–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/111105-395.
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Abstract Objective: To analyze the size and shape of the hard tissue palate of Italian subjects with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED). Materials and Methods: The morphology and the dimensions of the hard tissue palate were analyzed in eight 6-year-old boys affected by HED. Four of the boys were completely edentulous and four partially dentate. Palatal landmarks were identified on stone casts and digitized with three-dimensional computerized electromagnetic instrumentation. Palatal length, slope, width, and maximum palatal height in both the sagittal and frontal planes were measured. From the coordinates of palatal landmarks, a mathematical equation of palatal shape was constructed, independent of size. HED palatal data were compared with reference data obtained from 12 healthy boys with a complete deciduous dentition. Results: Palatal length and height in both the sagittal and frontal planes were significantly reduced in HED as compared with control individuals. A less steep (not significant) palatal slope was found in HED than in reference subjects, whereas similar palatal width values were observed. All palatal measurements were larger in partially dentate than in edentulous patients. Both HED and edentulousness influenced palatal shape. The HED boys had a relatively lower palate than the reference boys. In the edentulous HED boys, the hard tissue palate was relatively lower than in partially dentate HED subjects. Conclusions: Palatal size and shape were significantly modified by the presence of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, and the major alterations were found in edentulous HED subjects.
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Kilpeläinen, Pauli V. J., and Maija T. Laine-Alava. "Palatal Asymmetry in Cleft Palate Subjects." Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 33, no. 6 (November 1996): 483–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1597/1545-1569_1996_033_0483_paicps_2.3.co_2.
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In subjects with different types of cleft palate, palatal shape and symmetry were evaluated utilizing the moiré contourography technique. The sample consisted of 95 subjects with cleft palate and 68 controls. The differences between cleft and control subjects in the transverse and anteroposterior location of the highest point of the palate, palatal axis angle, and the palatal index were assessed by analysis of variance. Effects of cleft type, gender, developmental stage of the dentition, missing teeth, and eight skeletal and pharyngeal cephalometric variables on palatal shape and symmetry were assessed using multiple-regression analyses. In comparison with the noncleft individuals, the cleft palate subjects showed parallel but clearly more remarkable asymmetry in palatal shape and position of the first maxillary molars. The anteroposterior location of the deepest point in the palate was more posterior, and the palate was relatively shallower. The severity of the cleft type affected both the anteroposterior and transverse position of the highest point in palatal morphology.
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Ferrario, Virgilio F., Chiarella Sforza, Johannes H. Schmitz, and Anna Colombo. "Quantitative Description of the Morphology of the Human Palate by a Mathematical Equation." Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 35, no. 5 (September 1998): 396–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1597/1545-1569_1998_035_0396_qdotmo_2.3.co_2.
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Objective To derive a three-dimensional mathematical description of normal human hard tissue palatal size and shape. Methods The maxillary dental casts of 30 adolescents free from respiratory problems, who had a complete (28 teeth) permanent sound dentition with normal occlusion, were studied. The x, y, z coordinates of several standardized palatal and dental landmarks were obtained with a computerized three-dimensional digitizer. Palatal landmarks were used to derive a mathematical equation of palatal shape in the frontal and sagittal planes. Palatal width, length, frontal and sagittal heights, and sagittal slope, as well as dental arch transverse and anteroposterior dimensions, were computed. Results Neither the size nor the shape of the palate was significantly influenced by gender. Only the intercanine distance was larger (p < .025) in males than in females. Conclusions Data collected in the present investigation could represent a first database for the quantitative description of normal human palatal morphology in subjects with a complete permanent dentition.
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Rania, Nada, Nila Kusuma, and Murniwati Murniwati. "PERBEDAAN BENTUK DAN UKURAN RUGAE PALATINA ANTARA AYAH DAN ANAK KANDUNG LAKI-LAKI SUKU MINANGKABAU DI WILAYAH LUHAK NAN TIGO." Andalas Dental Journal 5, no. 2 (December 5, 2017): 136–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/adj.v5i2.80.
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Palatal rugae or plica palatinae transversae are irregular and asymmetrical ridges on mucosa membrane which extend laterally from incisive papilla and anterior of palatal raphe. Palatal rugae are protected by cheeks, lips, tongue and buccal pad from incineration and trauma. The use of palatal rugae as an alternative way to identify human is needed in many occurrences such as accident, criminal and disaster. Palatal rugae patterns are vary and not identical in each person but have some similarities within family. This can be caused by hereditary and polygenic inheritance mechanism of palatal rugae. This study aimed to identify palatal rugae pattern similarities between father and his biological son in Minangkabau ethnic. This study is a cross-sectional study. The samples used in this study were 78 pairs of fathers and their biological sons. Alginate impression material was used to record the upper jaw. The impressions were casted by type III dental stone . Palatal rugae were marked and the amount of rugae based on their shape and length classifications were recorded. The data were analyzed using Mann -Whitney test. Result showed that there was no significant difference between fathers’ and their biological sons’ palatal rugae amount based on their shape (p>0,05), but there was significant difference between the amount of primary rugae of fathers and their biological sons (p<0,05). The conclusion is there are no significant differences between fathers’ and th eir biological sons’ palatal rugae amount based on their shape. Palatal rugae pattern can be used as an alternative in human identification because of its individual characteristic and uniqueness.
Keywords: palatal rugae, Minangkabau ethnic, father and biological son
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Rania, Nada, Nila Kusuma, and Murniwati Murniwati. "PERBEDAAN BENTUK DAN UKURAN RUGAE PALATINA ANTARA AYAH DAN ANAK KANDUNG LAKI-LAKI SUKU MINANGKABAU DI WILAYAH LUHAK NAN TIGO." Andalas Dental Journal 6, no. 1 (December 5, 2018): 49–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/adj.v6i1.80.
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Palatal rugae or plica palatinae transversae are irregular and asymmetrical ridges on mucosa membrane which extend laterally from incisive papilla and anterior of palatal raphe. Palatal rugae are protected by cheeks, lips, tongue and buccal pad from incineration and trauma. The use of palatal rugae as an alternative way to identify human is needed in many occurrences such as accident, criminal and disaster. Palatal rugae patterns are vary and not identical in each person but have some similarities within family. This can be caused by hereditary and polygenic inheritance mechanism of palatal rugae. This study aimed to identify palatal rugae pattern similarities between father and his biological son in Minangkabau ethnic. This study is a cross-sectional study. The samples used in this study were 78 pairs of fathers and their biological sons. Alginate impression material was used to record the upper jaw. The impressions were casted by type III dental stone . Palatal rugae were marked and the amount of rugae based on their shape and length classifications were recorded. The data were analyzed using Mann -Whitney test. Result showed that there was no significant difference between fathers’ and their biological sons’ palatal rugae amount based on their shape (p>0,05), but there was significant difference between the amount of primary rugae of fathers and their biological sons (p<0,05). The conclusion is there are no significant differences between fathers’ and th eir biological sons’ palatal rugae amount based on their shape. Palatal rugae pattern can be used as an alternative in human identification because of its individual characteristic and uniqueness.
Keywords: palatal rugae, Minangkabau ethnic, father and biological son
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Reinicke, Christine, Nicole Obijou, and Joachim Tränkmann. "The palatal shape of upper removable appliances." Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics / Fortschritte der Kieferorthopädie 59, no. 4 (July 1998): 202–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01579164.
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Hassan, Fatima, Anum Baqar, Farnaz Ilyas, Farah Javed, Saman Hakeem, and Akbar Abbas. "The Pattern of Palatal Rugae in sub-population of Pakistani adults." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 15, no. 9 (September 30, 2021): 2157–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs211592157.
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Background: Despite the existence of the most reliable and authentic tools of personal identification such as fingerprints, dental, and DNA analysis, the palatal rugae are recommended as an adjuvant aid in forensic diagnosis. Palatal rugoscopy or palatoscopy aims to specify a person’s identity and gender discrimination. Aim: To determine the morphological pattern of palatal rugae considering gender. Settings and design: Cross-sectional study, calcorrugoscopy, chi-square test Material: This incorporated 360 subjects encompassing an equal ratio of the male and female genders. Undertaking the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study, calcorrugoscopy technique was utilized in which maxillary casts were obtained through irreversible hydrocolloid impression material (Cavex cream alginate – fast set) and poured in type III dental stone. The assessed morphological parameters were shape and unification. Trobo’s classification and Thomas and Kotze’s criteria were used to assess shape and unification respectively to assess the qualitative aspect of palatal rugae. Descriptive analysis was generated in terms of frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations. Results: The most frequently occurred rugae pattern was sinuous followed by a line with divergent unification. Sexual dimorphism was not evident among the selected subjects regarding rugae shape and unification configuration.Moreover, the same trend regarding shape and unification was repeated on both sides of the palate, with no significant difference noted in number of palatal rugae undertaking both sides. Conclusions: Every individual possesses a unique rugae pattern irrespective of gender. Keywords: Cross- sectional, Adults, Gender dimorphism, Pakistan, Palatal rugae
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "PALATAL SHAPE"
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Perkiömäki, M. R. (Marja Riitta). "Craniofacial shape and dimensions as indicators of orofacial clefting and palatal form:a study on cleft lip and palate and Turner syndrome families." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2008. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514288708.
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to define distinct craniofacial features in subjects with nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate (CLP) and in subjects with Turner syndrome (TS), and to evaluate the resemblance of these features among their family members. This might help in elucidating if there is a parental contribution to possible predisposing craniofacial features in cleft subjects and to the severity of certain distinct craniofacial features in subjects with X chromosome monosomy.
The study population consisted of 29 Costa Rican CLP families including unaffected parents and siblings, and of 71 TS (45,X) subjects and members of their families. Based on lateral and frontal cephalometric analyses, cleft family members were characterized by reduced cranial height and head width, greater interorbital and nasal cavity widths, shorter anterior cranial base and palatal lengths, and shorter total face height compared to control values. With respect to these distinct craniofacial features, there were statistically significant associations in anterior cranial base and palatal length, and head, forehead and outer interorbital width measurements between parents and their children with CLP. The sidedness of the cleft in affected children was related to the asymmetry of the nasal cavity width in their parents. The distinct craniofacial features of the TS subjects, such as short clivus, retrognathic position of mandible, and narrow maxilla at the level of first premolars were related to their mothers' corresponding features. The presence of lateral palatine ridges, which were detected in one third of the TS subjects, was related to the narrowness of the posterior palate rather than to the variation in the tongue position.
Distinct craniofacial features segregate in cleft family members. The several significant associations in distinct craniofacial dimensions between parents and children with CLP emphasize the importance of genetic factors in the genesis of nonsyndromic orofacial clefting. The present results support the concept that maternal factors contribute to the degree of deficiency in the growth of the cranial base and to the magnitude of mandibular retrognathism of their daughters with TS. Maternal influences may also modify the width of the palate in TS.
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Barry, Sarah Jane Elizabeth. "Longitudinal analysis of three-dimensional facial shape data." Connect to e-thesis, 2008. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/190/.
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Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Glasgow, 2008.Ph.D. thesis submitted to the Faculty of Information and Mathematical Sciences, Department of Statistics, University of Glasgow, 2008. Includes bibliographical references. Print version also available.
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Kennedy, Allyson E. "Identification of size and shape changes in orofacial development and disease." VCU Scholars Compass, 2016. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4143.
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Among the most prevalent and devastating types of human birth defects are those affecting the mouth and face, such as orofacial clefts. Children with malformed orofacial structures undergo multiple surgeries throughout their lifetime and struggle with facial disfigurements, speech, hearing, and eating problems. Therefore, facilitating new research in cranio- and orofacial development is paramount to prevention and treatment of these types of birth defects in humans. Xenopus laevis has emerged as a new tool for dissecting the mechanisms governing facial development. Thus, molecular analyses accompanied by quantitative assessment of morphological changes during orofacial development of this species could be very powerful for understanding how these defects arise. In this dissertation, I present such a study. I first establish a quantitative protocol to describe size and shape changes in facial morphology of wild-type Xenopus embryos. I then utilize this method on embryos in which retinoic acid signaling or folate metabolism have been disrupted to correlate morphological changes with their underlying mechanisms. Finally, I demonstrate the utility of Xenopus as a system for chemical genomics to uncover other regulators of orofacial development.
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Eaton, Jayne. "Adjustment in adolescents with cleft lip and palate : a preliminary investigation into experiences of shame and bullying." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/31268.
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For some young people, the experience of having a facial disfigurement such as a cleft lip and palate can result in negative social interactions, often originating from the stereotyping reaction of others. Using the social rank theory of shame, the effects of bullying and teasing were investigated in a patient group of 16, 12-18 year olds with cleft lip or cleft lip and palate. The patient group were compared with a group of 16 of their peers with regards to their experiences of bullying and teasing, shame-proneness and the focus of their shame. The interactional effects of shame and bullying were also investigated in order to test a shaming-loop model of negative social interaction. The investigation necessitated two separate studies., The first study involved 215 adolescents from a secondary school and was required for the development of a focus of shame scale and gathering of data for establishing its psychometric properties. It also enabled data to be collected regarding the experiences of shame and bullying in adolescents without cleft lip and palate, in order that a random sample of 16 school adolescents matched with the patient sample on age and gender, may act as a comparison group. Participants completed self-report questionnaires concerning shame-proneness and focus of shame, and a semi-structure interview regarding their experiences of bullying. The second study involved the administration of the same measures to the patient sample. Results showed high levels of bullying for both groups although there was no overall difference between the groups. Differences were seen in focus of shame scores, with the patient group having higher scores on shame related to facial appearance than their comparisons. No overall differences were seen on score of shame-proneness. The implications of the findings are discussed and limitations of the study acknowledged.
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Farisco, Francesca. "Covarianza morfometrica tra forma palatale e pattern scheletrico nei soggetti in crescita con malocclusione di II Classe non trattata." Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1126048.
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OGGETTO: Valutare attraverso l’uso delle tecniche della geometria morfometrica il pattern di covarianza tra la morfologia palatale e craniofacciale.
MATERIALI E METODI: è stato raccolto un campione di 85 soggetti (44F,41M;età media 8.7±0.8) con malocclusione di II Classe secondo questi criteri di inclusione: etnia caucasica, II Classe scheletrica, rapporti occlusali di II Classe divisione 1 secondo Angle, fase della dentatura mista precoce, stadio prepuberale di crescita scheletrica. Per ogni soggetto sono stati raccolti modelli in gesso e teleradiografie del cranio in proiezione latero-laterale dell’epoca pretrattamento. È stata applicata l’analisi di Procruste e poi effettuata l’analisi delle componenti principali (PCA) per mettere in luce il pattern di variazione morfologica palatale e quello craniofacciale. Successivamente è stata condotta l’analisi dei minimi quadrati parziali per stabilire se ci fosse un pattern di covarianza tra la morfologia palatale e craniofacciale.
RISULTATI: per quanto riguarda la morfologia palatale la prima componente principale si riferisce a cambiamenti spaziali nelle tre dimensioni. Per quanto riguarda invece la morfologia craniofacciale la prima componente principale riguarda variazioni morfologiche sul piano scheletrico verticale. La morfologia del palato e del complesso scheletrico craniofacciale covaria significativamente. La componente principale PLS1 riguarda circa il 64% della covarianza totale e correla la divergenza facciale alla larghezza e all’altezza della volta palatina; quanto più il pattern di crescita craniofacciale tende all’iperdivergenza tanto più stretto e alto sarà il palato.
CONCLUSIONI: i soggetti con malocclusione di II Classe con pattern scheletrico craniofacciale iperdivergente tendono ad avere un palato stretto dalla volta alta mentre i soggetti con caratteristiche scheletriche di ipodivergenza hanno tendenzialmente un palato più basso e largo.
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Nádaská, Sandra. "Morfologie patra u pacientů s hemifaciální mikrozómií." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-321145.
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Thesis deals with studying of morphology and variability of palatal shape in patients with hemifacial microsomia. It is congenital facial disorder, manifests in hypoplasia and asymmetry of facial structures. It interfere with part of splanchnocranium,especially manifests at hypoplasia of mandible and facial asymmetry, ears or orbits can be another affects part of the face. For notice morphology of palate was use virtual dental models of superior alveolar arch and palate of patients with HFM. Mean age of patients with HFM was 27,2 years (in range 20,8 - 41,5 years), mean age of control's file was 13,2 years (in range 13,0 - 13,9 years). Every subjects, also from patient's file and from control's file are mens with Czech's nationality. Models were evaluate by methods of geometrics morphometry (DCA, PCA, analysis asymmetry) and multidimensional statistic (Hotteling test, test of homogenity). Palatal shape of patients with HFM and controls is significantly different. Palate of patients with HFM was narrower and shorter in anterior part while wider in posterior lateral part, especially at the left side relative to control's file. We found out by evaluation asymmetry that palate of patients with HFM had the biggest asymmetry at back side of palate, by contrast, the biggest symmetry was at vertical middle line of...
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Rusková, Hana. "Morfometrická analýza povrchu patra u pacientů s celkovým jednostranným rozštěpem rtu a patra." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-312513.
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Thesis deals with the study of palate morphology and variability of patients with UCLP, using modern methods of geometric morphometrics. Dental plaster casts of UCLP patients (average age 14,8) and the control group (average age 14,7) were used for evaluation. The models were scanned using a 3D scanner. For evaluation of total variability of patients with orofacial clefts, previously rated dental casts of BCLP patients (whose age ranged from 12,1 to 16,5) were also included. All patients were operated and treated at The Clinic of Plastic Surgery in Prague. The results are in accordance with literature, which describes the basic size and shape differences in the morphology of the palate in different types of clefts (e.g. narrowing of the palate in UCLP and BCLP and asymmetry of palatal vault in UCLP). Using "Dense correspondense models analysis" average surface models were computed and new informations about the shape and premaxila position were gained. Different location and slope of the palate in different types of clefts and within control group were detected by superimposition of average models and FESA. UCLP palate have typically asymetric palate vault with a maximum height in front of the cleft palate and at the back in the side without malformations. Variability of the shape of palate for each group...
Books on the topic "PALATAL SHAPE"
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Stroup, Sarah S., and Wendy H. Wong. The Authority Trap. Cornell University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501702143.001.0001.
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Despite public favorability towards international non-governmental organizations (INGOs), most of these groups toil in total obscurity. A very few INGOs, active in human rights promotion, humanitarian relief, and environmental protection, do secure widespread authority in the form of deference from multiple audiences engaged in global politics. Having achieved this status as a “leading INGO,” however, they are trapped. To maintain their status and placate their many audiences, these leading INGOs advance incrementalist proposals and achieve “vanilla victories” - palatable to a wide array of audiences, but also unremarkable. Meanwhile, other INGOs’ strategies are similarly shaped by their status: they are free to issue harsh condemnations and advance radical proposals, but these generally get ignored. Stroup and Wong offer the first exploration of the vast differences among INGOs in their authority, and then explore how status shapes INGO strategies as they seek to influence states, corporations, and one another.
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Ruxton, Graeme D., William L. Allen, Thomas N. Sherratt, and Michael P. Speed. Batesian mimicry and masquerade. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199688678.003.0010.
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This chapter concerns Batesian mimicry, which is the resemblance of a palatable species to an unpalatable or otherwise unprofitable species. Often these unprofitable models have warning signals, which the mimic has evolved to copy. The chapter also considers another well-known form of deception, namely masquerade, which is the resemblance of a palatable species to the cues of an object of no inherent interest to a potential predator such as leaves, thorns, sticks, stones, or bird droppings. Batesian mimicry and masquerade share many properties, and both can be considered examples of ‘protective deceptive mimicry’. We begin by briefly reviewing some well-known examples of protective deceptive mimicry. We then compare and contrast the various theories that have been proposed to understand them. Next, we examine the evidence for the phenomenon and its predicted properties, and finally we address several important questions and controversies, many of which remain only partly resolved.
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Hashibe, Mia, Erich M. Sturgis, Jacques Ferlay, and Deborah M. Winn. Oral Cavity, Oropharynx, Lip, and Salivary Glands. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190238667.003.0029.
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Cancers of the oral cavity, oropharynx, lip, and salivary glands are malignancies of the head and neck. Some of these cancer sites share risk factors, although each has distinctive anatomic, epidemiologic, and clinical features. Oral cavity cancers arise on the inner lip and buccal mucosa, anterior two-thirds of the tongue, gum, hard palate, and floor of mouth. These cancers are strongly associated with the use of smoked and smokeless tobacco products, heavy alcohol consumption, and chewing of betel quid or pan, but only minimally associated with prior infection with human papillomavirus (HPV). In contrast, oropharyngeal cancers affect the posterior one-third (base) of the tongue, tonsils, soft palate, and other oropharyngeal tissues and are strongly associated with HPV-16 infection as well as with the use of tobacco, alcohol, and betel quid. In principle, tumors of the oral cavity, oropharynx, and lip are among the most preventable forms of cancer.
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van der Hulst, Harry. Asymmetries in Vowel Harmony. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198813576.001.0001.
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This book deals with the phenomenon of vowel harmony, a phonological process whereby all the vowels in a word are required to share a specific phonological property, such as front or back articulation. Vowel harmony occurs in the majority of languages of the world, though only in very few European languages, and has been a central concern in phonological theory for many years. In this volume, Harry van der Hulst puts forward a new theory of vowel harmony, which accounts for the patterns of and exceptions to this phenomenon in the widest range of languages ever considered. The book begins with an overview of the general causes of asymmetries in vowel harmony systems. The two following chapters provide a detailed account of a new theory of vowel harmony based on unary elements and licensing, which is embedded in a general dependency-based theory of phonological structure. In the remaining chapters, this theory is applied to a variety of vowel harmony phenomena from typologically diverse languages, including palatal harmony in languages such as Finnish and Hungarian, labial harmony in Turkic languages, and tongue root systems in Niger-Congo, Nilo-Saharan, and Tungusic languages.
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Lema Vélez, Luisa Fernanda, Daniel Hermelin, María Margarita Fontecha, and Dunia H. Urrego. Climate Change Communication in Colombia. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.598.
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Colombia is in a privileged position to take advantage of international climate agreements to finance sustainable development initiatives. The country is a signatory of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the Kyoto Protocol, and the Paris Agreements. As a non-Annex I party to the UNFCCC, Colombia produces low emissions in relation to global numbers (0.46% of total global emissions for 2010) and exhibits biogeographical conditions that are ideal for mitigation of climate change through greenhouse gas sequestration and emission reductions. Simultaneously, recent extreme climatic events have harshly compromised the country’s economy, making Colombia’s vulnerability to climate change evident.While these conditions should justify a strong approach to climate change communication that motivates decision making and leads to mitigation and adaptation, the majority of sectors still fall short of effectively communicating their climate change messages. Official information about climate change is often too technical and rarely includes a call for action. However, a few exceptions exist, including environmental education materials for children and a noteworthy recent strategy to deliver the Third Communication to the UNFCCC in a form that is more palatable to the general public. Despite strong research on climate change, particularly related to agricultural, environmental, and earth sciences, academic products are rarely communicated in a way that is easily understood by decision makers and has a clear impact on public policy. Messages from the mass media frequently confuse rather than inform the public. For instance, television news refers to weather-related disasters, climate variability, and climate change indiscriminately. This shapes an erroneous idea of climate change among the public and weakens the effectiveness of communications on the issue.The authors contrast the practices of these sectors with those of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) working in Colombia to show how they address the specific climate communication needs facing the country. These NGOs directly face the challenge of working with diverse population groups in this multicultural, multiethnic, and megadiverse country. NGOs customize languages, channels, and messages for different audiences and contexts, with the ultimate goal of building capacity in local communities, influencing policymakers, and sensitizing the private sector. Strategies that result from the work of interdisciplinary groups, involve feedback from the audiences, and incorporate adaptive management have proven to be particularly effective.
Book chapters on the topic "PALATAL SHAPE"
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Hefner, Joseph T., and Kandus C. Linde. "Palate Shape." In Atlas of Human Cranial Macromorphoscopic Traits, 187–207. Elsevier, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-814385-8.00014-8.
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"Palamas." In The Shade of Homer, 48–56. Cambridge University Press, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511554155.005.
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Trinkaus, Erik, Alexandra P. Buzhilova, Maria B. Mednikova, and Maria V. Dobrovolskaya. "The Human Facial Skeletons from Sunghir." In The People of Sunghir. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199381050.003.0011.
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The human (and mammalian) facial skeleton is a complex response to the protection, support, and functional demands of a diversity of neurological and physiological processes that must be structurally integrated, and each places limitations on the others. The processes involve respiration (nasal and oral) and mastication (and deglutition), as well as thermoregulation through respiration. Three of the special senses (vision, smell, and taste) are housed within the facial skeleton, although only the first has a major impact on the shape and structure of the facial skeleton. The challenge in assessing the facial configurations of the Sunghir human remains is to partition the facial skeleton in a paleobiologically meaningful manner. Traditionally in paleoanthropology, often given differential paleontological preservation, the facial skeleton is divided initially into its two major skeletal components (cranial and mandibular). The former is then assessed in terms of structures or individual bones, with variable focus on the configurations of the orbital, nasal, and palatal regions. The latter is evaluated as a whole or divided into corporeal and ramal regions. A more meaningful approach, although still one with its limitations, is to assess the face in terms of the three major functional units of the facial anatomy: the orbital, nasal, and masticatory units. Developmentally, in simplified terms, these units are sequential in their priorities. Even though the anterior orbital margins continue to grow anteriorly with facial growth through adolescence, their internal structure is formed early, given that the ocular sphere is an extension of the brain stem and grows in concert with it. The nasal region, both the internal capsule and its skeletal aperture, forms the core of the midface, the roof of the oral cavity, the medial surfaces for the zygomatic regions, and the baseline minimum for the length of the face given that the anterior mammalian dentition cannot be posterior of the nasal aperture. The maxillary dentition with its supporting structures is hafted onto the nasal capsule through the maxillary alveolar process, and the mandible normally grows to provide proper occlusion with the forwardly displaced maxillary dentition.
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Plested, Marcus. "The Greek East." In Wisdom in Christian Tradition, 160–88. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192863225.003.0006.
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Chapter 5 explores the theology of wisdom in the Greek East from Dionysius the Areopagite to St Gregory Palamas. While offering a general account of wisdom in the authors covered, the chapter also explores the space or gap for Sophiology that can be traced through Dionysius’ beneficent processions, Maximus’ doctrine of the logoi, and Palamas’ doctrine of the divine energies. In all these figures wisdom can, in different but profoundly compatible ways, be construed as divine but without reduction to categories of essence or hypostasis alone. Palamas is of particular import here in that he became, for Bulgakov, a source of patristic reference and validation without equal. These figures are treated in tandem with some indispensable monastic material in the shape of the lived wisdom of Evagrius of Pontus and Macarius (Macarius-Symeon, pseudo-Macarius).
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"Pottery Catalog Numbers in Sequence with Field and Siteia Museum Numbers, Context, Shape, and Petras, Siteia I Page Number." In Petras, Siteia II: A Minoan Palatial Settlement in Eastern Crete, 167–206. INSTAP Academic Press (Institute for Aegean Prehistory), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv27vt676.17.
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"Cooking Ware Pottery Catalog Numbers in Sequence with Field and Siteia Museum Numbers, Context, Shape, and Petras, Siteia I Page Number." In Petras, Siteia II: A Minoan Palatial Settlement in Eastern Crete, 217–24. INSTAP Academic Press (Institute for Aegean Prehistory), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv27vt676.19.
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McWilliam, Rohan. "Introduction." In London's West End, 1–10. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198823414.003.0001.
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The Introduction outlines the main themes of London’s West End It establishes the need for the book and unveils some of its original arguments, including the significance of pleasure districts, the populist palatial style, and the conservative cultural politics of its entertainments. The book demonstrates how the modern idea of the West End as a distinct space devoted to consumerism and entertainment developed during the course of the nineteenth century. The Introduction reveals the way the book is shaped by the work of scholars from Walter Benjamin in the 1930s through to figures such as Judith Walkowitz and Erica Rappaport in the present time. It also details what is meant by the ‘West End’ and by the term ‘pleasure district’ which, it argues, is integral to understanding metropolitan identities in the modern era.
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Pham, Nguyen, and Isabella Rodoni. "Surgical Treatment of Velopharyngeal Insufficiency." In Surgical Management of Head and Neck Pathologies. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96560.
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Velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) is a condition where the soft palate and posterior oropharynx fail to close adequately, leading to complications such as abnormal speech, nasal regurgitation and nasal emission. Although there exist many approaches to treating VPI depending on the shape and severity of the insufficiency, this chapter describes the three most frequently used and well-researched techniques: the Furlow Palatoplasty (double-opposing Z-palatoplasty), the creation and placement of a pharyngeal flap, and a sphincter pharyngoplasty. This chapter contains an introduction to VPI causes and treatment, a description of patient assessment methods, step-by-step instructions for the different operative procedures, and the recovery process.
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"Pre-and Protopalatial Pottery Catalog Numbers in Sequence with Field and Siteia Museum Numbers, Context, Shape, and Petras, Siteia I Page Number." In Petras, Siteia II: A Minoan Palatial Settlement in Eastern Crete, 207–16. INSTAP Academic Press (Institute for Aegean Prehistory), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv27vt676.18.
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Atkinson, Martin E. "The pharynx, soft palate, and larynx." In Anatomy for Dental Students. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199234462.003.0037.
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The pharynx is a muscular tube beginning behind the posterior nasal apertures and extending down to the cricoid cartilage in the neck where it becomes continuous below with the oesophagus. The pharynx is incomplete anteriorly where the nasal and oral cavities and laryngeal entrance open into it. The pharynx can thus be divided for descriptive purposes into three regions. Identify the three regions and their landmarks in Figure 28.1 : • The nasopharynx behind the posterior nasal apertures, extending down to the soft palate; • The oropharynx posterior to the oral cavity, extending from the soft palate to the tip of the epiglottis; • The laryngopharynx posterior to the laryngeal entrance between the epiglottis and level of the cricoid cartilage. Air enters the nasopharynx and passes through the oropharynx to enter the larynx at the laryngopharynx. Food and drink enter the oropharynx from the mouth, then travel through the laryngopharynx to the oesophagus and stomach. The pharynx is thus part of both the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts. Essentially, food and air cross each other’s paths in the laryngopharynx. This anatomical arrangement requires precise control of swallowing to ensure that food and drink enter the oesophagus and not the larynx. As you can see in Figure 28.1 , the larynx, the last part of the upper respiratory tract, is situated superficially in the midline of the neck in front of the pharynx and is only covered anteriorly by skin, fascia, and the infrahyoid muscles. The laryngeal opening is just behind and below the root of the tongue. The walls of the larynx are reinforced by cartilage like the lower respiratory tract. However, instead of simple cartilage rings or plates in the walls attached to each other by fibrous tissue, the elaborately shaped laryngeal cartilages articulate with each other through synovial joints and can be moved with precision by the laryngeal muscles. The vocal folds stretch anteroposteriorly across the larynx; they can be brought together to close the larynx and protect the lower respiratory tract or tensed to produce noise, the phonation component of speech.
Conference papers on the topic "PALATAL SHAPE"
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Honda, Masaaki, and Akinori Fujino. "Articulatory compensation and adaptation for unexpected palate shape perturbation." In 6th International Conference on Spoken Language Processing (ICSLP 2000). ISCA: ISCA, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/icslp.2000-236.
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Kopp, E., and D. White. "Shaped reflector antennas for the Palapa-C spacecraft." In 15th International Communicatons Satellite Systems Conference and Exhibit. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1994-1034.
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Brunner, Jana, Philip Hoole, Frank Guenther, and Joseph S. Perkell. "Dependency of compensatory strategies on the shape of the vocal tract during speech perturbed with an artificial palate." In 159th Meeting Acoustical Society of America/NOISE-CON 2010. ASA, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.3460633.
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