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Journal articles on the topic 'Pakistan's Economy'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Kausar, Syed Waqas Ali, Rizwan Ali, and Tariq Ahmed Khan. "The Impact of Foreign Debt on the Economy of Pakistan." Global Economics Review VII, no. II (2022): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2022(vii-ii).02.

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From the Nineteen Eighties to the present, Pakistan's mounting debts have been the subject of debate and consideration by policy makers and economists. Unfortunately, foreign debt is one of the biggest significant issues which downsize Pakistan’s Economy. This study aimed to investigate the effects of external debt restructuring on the country's economic system. The objective was to study the various factors that affect Pakistan's economy, such as external debt, growth,saving, and foreign direct investment. Annual panel data was taken from the World Bank and used to manipulate the results. Ext

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2

Rehman, Khalil Ur. "Globalization and Pakistan's Economy." Journal of Independent Studies and Research-Management, Social Sciences and Economics 2, no. 2 (2004): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.31384/jisrmsse/2004.02.2.4.

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Almas. "Pakistan's Economy Amidst Pandemic." Policy Perspectives 17, no. 1 (2020): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.13169/polipers.17.1.0157.

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4

Khan, Shahrukh Rafi. "Pakistan's Economy since 1999." South Asia Economic Journal 8, no. 2 (2007): 317–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/139156140700800207.

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Hamdard, Wasiq Ullah. "Pak-Afghan Bilateral Trade and Its Impact on Pakistan's Economy." ATJSS 1, no. 1 (2024): 19–29. https://doi.org/10.63476/atjss.v1i1.47.

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Pakistan and Afghanistan are two neighboring countries and have enjoyed a long period of trade relations, and have a long history of being trade partners, they signed a bilateral transit agreement in 1965, and the agreement recognized the right of Afghanistan to access the seaports of Pakistan. Since 2001 the bilateral trade between Pakistan and Afghanistan has shown an increasing trend except for one year 2007-2008, during this year a decline has been registered which can be attributed to the strict measures taken immediately to the emergence of the information that a huge amount of smuggling

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Dr Shah Faisal, Abdur Rehman, Sultan Mahmood, and Dr. Kamran Ali Abbasi. "<b>Impact of IMF Programs on Pakistan’s Macroeconomic Stability; The Future of Pakistan’s Finances and Macro Economy</b>." Annual Methodological Archive Research Review 3, no. 7 (2025): 223–45. https://doi.org/10.63075/fb3qc997.

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This study focuses on the International Monetary Fund (IMF) programs' impact on macroeconomic stability in Pakistan, and whether this investigation helps determine how Pakistan's finances and macroeconomic framework look in the future. The motive for this study derives from Pakistan's deep reliance on the IMF, stemming from Pakistan's continuous engagement with the IMF given dire economic circumstances of persistent fiscal deficits, external bottlenecks and inflation. The investigation is based on two objectives aimed at assessing how effective the IMF funded reforms and policy activities are

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Williamson, John. "Pakistan and the World Economy (Distinguished Lecture)." Pakistan Development Review 37, no. 4I (1998): 181–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v37i4ipp.181-201.

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This paper aims to explore Pakistan's geo-economic options in the difficult situation that confronts following the easing of sanctions, which added acute balance of payments pressures to its existing ailments of near-stagnant exports, a lower growth trend than in preceding decades, an unattractive climate for foreign investment, and weak social indicators. The first question explored is whether Pakistan has any opportunity of participating in a regional trade grouping. It is argued that the only conceivable way of achieving this would involve the development of SAARC, which would demand a prof

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Chishti, Salim U., M. Aynul Hasan, and Syed F. Mahmud. "Macroeconometric modelling and Pakistan's economy." Journal of Development Economics 38, no. 2 (1992): 353–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3878(92)90004-s.

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9

Shahrukh Hayat, Naveed Ullah Khan Khalil, Dr Muhammad Rizwan, and Sadaf Butt. "Pakistan Foreign Policy Dynamics: Exploring The Interplay of CPEC, Energy Security, Environmental Concerns and Diplomatic Engagements." Social Science Review Archives 3, no. 3 (2025): 150–77. https://doi.org/10.70670/sra.v3i3.848.

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Pakistan's foreign policy dynamics reflect in its strategic priorities, geopolitical challenges, and developing international relations. The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is a cornerstone of Pakistan's economic and strategic policy. It aims to improve economy, infrastructure, energy security, and connectivity with the region. The study explores the complex Pakistan's foreign policy dynamics, focusing on the interplay between the (CPEC), energy security, environmental concerns, and diplomatic engagement. A mixed-method approach was used including a literature review, quantitative surv

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Chekalin, Sergey. "THE AFGHAN ISSUE IN PAKISTAN'S RELATIONS WITH THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY." Eastern Analytics 13, No 4 (2022) (2022): 76–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.31696/2227-5568-2022-04-076-085.

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. The article analyzes the development and active implementation of Pakistan's policy of internationalization of the Afghan issue since the outbreak of the armed conflict in Afghanistan in the late 1970s. The author proves that the Afghan conflict has always been one of the pivotal factors for Pakistan in building its relations with the international community. In order to receive significant amounts of financial and military assistance, Pakistan sought to position itself as a frontline state. Since the late 2000s Pakistan has instrumentalized the Afghan issue to diversify its international re

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11

Faizan, Muhammad, and Zerwah Waqar Mughal. "Examining the effect of Covid-19 on Firm Performance: Pakistan Perspective." Journal of Accounting and Finance Review 1, no. 1 (2024): 46–60. https://doi.org/10.26652/jafr/24.01.004.

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The coronavirus has significantly and noticeably impacted the global economic system, wealth, and Pakistan's economy. By considering 6 significant corporate sectors (economic groupings) of the Pakistani economy and analyzing business performance, this study and analysis aim to analyze the effects of the COVID-19 epidemic and infestation on the especially non-sector of Pakistan. The study makes use of 60 firms' quarterly firm-level data for the 2020Q2–2021Q4 period, along with data on total overall cases, active cases, and deaths from the coronavirus accessed through the National Command Operat

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Faizan, Muhammad, and Zerwah Waqar Mughal. "Examining the effect of Covid-19 on Firm Performance: Pakistan Perspective." Journal of Accounting and Finance Review 1, no. 1 (2024): 46–60. https://doi.org/10.26652//jafr/24.01.004.

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The coronavirus has significantly and noticeably impacted the global economic system, wealth, and Pakistan's economy. By considering 6 significant corporate sectors (economic groupings) of the Pakistani economy and analyzing business performance, this study and analysis aim to analyze the effects of the COVID-19 epidemic and infestation on the especially non-sector of Pakistan. The study makes use of 60 firms' quarterly firm-level data for the 2020Q2–2021Q4 period, along with data on total overall cases, active cases, and deaths from the coronavirus accessed through the National Command Operat

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13

Dixit, Pankaj, Ramyar Rzgar Ahmed, Arvind Kumar Yadav, and R. C. Lal. "Diversification of Economy - An Insight into Inclusive Growth & Food Security with Special Reference to Pakistan’s Agriculture Economy." Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development 9, no. 1 (2019): 82–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/journal.1005/2019.9.1/1005.1.82.98.

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In order to improve agricultural economies, diversification is an important step to deal with the challenges of both the present and the future. This research attempted to deal with the above challenges of different economies as well as Pakistan’s economy to achieve inclusive growth through internal diversification and reforms. The main objective of this paper is to see how internal diversification and land reform can prove to be a milestone in tackling the above challenges. In order to perform numerical and qualitative analysis of primary and secondary data, the descriptive statistics is bein

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Sarwat Rauf. "Exploring the Causes and Consequences of Women’s Limited Economic Participation in Pakistan." International Journal of Social Science & Entrepreneurship 5, no. 1 (2025): 185–203. https://doi.org/10.58622/ijsse.v5i1.348.

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Women in Pakistan exhibit considerably lower participation in formal employment compared to their counterparts in other South Asian countries, with only about 23% of women engaged in the workforce, one of the lowest rates in the region. This is largely due to social taboos, lack of education, reluctance, and other pressures that a woman faces daily. This untapped potential of human capital has raised questions about Pakistan’s steps to eliminate gender disparity and incorporate human capital into economic activities. With this background, this study examines the reasons behind women’s reluctan

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Mehtab, Usaid. "A case study of Pakistan’s exports in post covid-19 scenario." South Asian Journal of Operations and Logistics 2, no. 2 (2024): 111–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.57044/sajol.2023.2.2.2452.

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Exports are vital for a country's growth, balancing demand and enhancing international competitiveness. A higher export ratio safeguards the economy, generates foreign exchange, and funds job-creating projects. As a result, export maximization has consistently been a top priority for Pakistan's governments, driving sustainable development and growth. A quantitative research method was used to examine the research questions. This research found the impact of COVID-19 on global trade, focusing on Pakistan's exports. Data from various authentic sources were analyzed, comparing export states befor

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Syed, Aftab Ali. "Analysis of Inter-Industry Relations in Pakistan for 1975 -76." Pakistan Development Review 24, no. 3-4 (1985): 513–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v24i3-4pp.513-530.

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Input-Output tables provide a detailed accounting of the goods and services that individual industries buy from and sell to each other, and , therefore, constitute a useful medium for an analysis of the interdependent nature of the various sectors of an economy. The PIDE's release of input-output (I-D) tables of Pakistan's economy for the year 1975 -76 [9] is an important contribution in this respect. An 'open' output determination of model of the Leontief type is applied to the said data base to delineate the structural interdependence of Pakistan's economy. Some salient features of the econo

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Raza, Hasan, Zaeema Asrar Mohiuddin, Syed Shahid Zaheer Zaidi, and Ahmed Osama. "CPEC: Pakistan-China Cordial Ties - A Boost to Pakistan's Economy." Journal of Accounting, Business and Finance Research 2, no. 1 (2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.20448/2002.21.1.6.

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18

Ur Rehman, Munib. "POTENTIAL, CHALLENGES, AND PROSPECTS FOR PAKISTAN'S BLUE ECONOMY." Journal of Maritime Logistics 3, no. 1 (2023): 94–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.46754/jml.2023.08.006.

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The value of water and oceans in fostering inhabitation and facilitating trade and economic connectivity is immense. Sea-trade has historically played a crucial role in building a state's economic power. Pakistan, with over 1000 km of coastline and an extended Exclusive Economic Zone covering 290,000 sq.km, possesses abundant marine, fisheries, mineral, and energy resources that can generate significant revenues. Additionally, Pakistan's geo-oceanic position offers vast opportunities for sea-based activities like transportation, tourism, shipbuilding, port facilities, and renewable energy. Thi

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Maqbool, Muhammad Shahid, Furrukh Bashir, Hafeez ur Rehman, and Rashid Ahmad. "Pakistan’s Exports and Global Economy: Export Competitiveness and Efficiency of Toys and Games." Review of Education, Administration & LAW 4, no. 4 (2021): 813–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.47067/real.v4i4.200.

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The aim of this study is to examine the export performance and competitiveness of Pakistan's toy exports by using different indices of revealed comparative advantage. The data were looked at from the International Trade Centre (ITC) for Pakistan’s toys exports during 2004-2020. The results of this study show that Pakistan enjoyed a comparative advantage in exporting toys to the world market during 2004-2020, because the RCA index is greater than 1. The positive values of RSCA and LnRCA indicate that Pakistan had a CA in the concerned sector during 2004-2020. The study also observed that Pakist

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20

Asaf Humayun and Naghmana Zafar. "Pakistan's ‘Blue Economy’: Potential and Prospects." Policy Perspectives 11, no. 1 (2014): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.13169/polipers.11.1.0057.

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21

Waqar, Muhammad, Sajawal Piracha, Wasif Khan, Said Abbas, Muhammad Afzaal, and Muhammad Shahid. "New Insights for Revealing the Effect of FDI on Pakistan's Economic Growth: Evidence from the Auto Sector." Saudi Journal of Economics and Finance 7, no. 02 (2023): 84–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sjef.2023.v07i02.003.

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FDI is one of the important pillar for the development of economic sectors and industries for promoting the high growth of valuable products and improve the quality of useful industrial products. However, as a result of globalization, a country's economic development is no longer completely reliant on its own resources. The foreign direct investment (FDI) made by multinational corporations improves the quality of life for locals by creating employment for them and raising their level of living. FDI may have both positive and negative effects on the expansion of the economy, depending on the fa

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22

Nazli, Hina. "Sohail J. Malik, Safiya Alta., and Nargis Sultana. Pakistan's Economic Performance 1947 to 1993: A Descriptive Analysis. Lahore: Sure Publishers. 1994. 444 pages. Hardbound. Rs 325.00/US$ 35.00." Pakistan Development Review 34, no. 1 (1995): 81–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v34i1pp.81-83.

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Pakistan's economic history has seen many turnarounds since independence. The country emerged on the world-map with few manufacturing industries, very little educated and skilled labour, a limited endowment of financial resources, and the enormous problem of resettlement of refugees. In addition to this, political conflicts with India caused two wars and resulted in the separation of East Pakistan. However, the country's economic performance has been remarkable. This book reviews Pakistan's economic performance over a period of 47 years, from 1947 to 1993, and traces the history and developmen

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Mazher, Muhammad Ahmad, and Jauhari Dahalan. "Pakistan’s Infrastructure Capital-Growth Analysis." SEISENSE Journal of Management 4, no. 1 (2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33215/sjom.v4i1.486.

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Purpose- This empirical study facet at Pakistan for the period between 1960 and 2017 in the connection between public investment, public capital stock, private investment, private capital stock, and real GDP. Design/Methodology- Using theoretical and empirical literature assessment, to measure the impact of private investment, private capital stock, government investment, and government capital stock on Pakistan's real gross domestic product, we involved the ARDL Bound tests. Findings- A positive and significant connection was revealed between government investment, a private capital stock wit

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Ali, Ehsan, Muhammad Saeed Khan, and Muhammad Awais Khalid. "Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science and International Relations, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Punjab Pakistan." Global Economics Review IX, no. II (2024): 24–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2024(ix-ii).03.

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This research paper investigates the profound influence of the International Monetary Fund on the economy of Pakistan from 2013 to 2022. Pakistan has been engaged with the International Monetary Fund (IMF) since 1958. Over this period, Pakistan has entered multiple agreements with the IMF, shaping its economic policies significantly. This study employs a comprehensive analysis of IMF programs and their impact either negative or positive on Pakistan's economic landscape. By employing a case study approach, historical analysis, quantitative assessments, and qualitative perspectives, this paper a

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Arshed, Noman, Mahak Zahra Awan, Aaiza Mirza, Faheem Riaz, and Muhammad Ghulam Shabeer. "China Pakistan economic corridor (CPEC), its role in Pakistan economy and its social and environmental status." Journal of Applied Research and Multidisciplinary Studies 2, no. 2 (2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.32350/jarms.22.01.

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China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is a plan to kick start practical cooperation between China and Pakistan, as well as support China and the rest of West Central, which is expected to propel Pakistan's and China's already strong relationship to new heights. Hope for economic transformation and assistance in overcoming Pakistan's power shortage. The strategic significance of CPEC must be described and studied from various historical, economic, cultural, and political perspectives. As it aims to construct a network of roads, highways, and railways from Khunjerab, Pakistan's border with Chi

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Qayyum, Farrakh. "PAKISTAN'S ECONOMY, TRADE AND MANAGEMENT — AN OVERVIEW." International Journal of Commerce and Management 11, no. 2 (2001): 18–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb047420.

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Ahmad, Munir, Saira Bashir, Zahid Hussain, and Alyas Ali Chaichi. "Unraveling Gender Inequality in Pakistan's Political Economy." Unraveling Gender Inequality in Pakistan's Political Economy 1, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): November 2023 (2024): 12. https://doi.org/10.59890/ijla.v1i1.1158.

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This study explores the complex relationship between political economy and gender inequality in Pakistan. The study finds a disconnect between progressive legal measures and their successful implementation through a thorough investigation of policy papers, legislative records, and qualitative interviews. The results highlight the critical need for interventions that go beyond legal changes and have both theoretical and practical ramifications. In practical terms, the research suggests multifaceted approaches that take into account political and economic factors, question gender stereotypes, an

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Mushtaq, Shahzada Aamir, Rehman Akhtar, and Shabnam Shahab. "Private International Law and Environmental Challenges in Pakistan: Assessing Legislative Measures, Promoting Sustainable Development Goals, and Ensuring Social Rehabilitation." Journal of Law & Social Studies 5, no. 3 (2023): 409–31. https://doi.org/10.52279/jlss.05.03.409431.

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This study will investigate the relationship between PIL and environmental challenges, including climate change, pollution, biodiversity loss, natural resource management, and the blue economy, with a focus on Pakistani society. It will provide an overview of Pakistan's extant legal framework for addressing environmental challenges from the perspective of PIL, as well as an analysis of the efficacy of Pakistan's current legislative initiatives. The study also investigates the interrelationships between PIL and Pakistan's numerous environmental challenges, as well as their impact on the country

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Bilqees, Nadia Ayyub, and Mukamil Shah. "Macroeconomic Impacts of Global Oil and Commodity Price Shocks on the Economy of Pakistan." iRASD Journal of Economics 5, no. 4 (2023): 1019–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.52131/joe.2023.0504.0176.

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The effects of oil and commodity price shocks on Pakistan's real exchange rate, inflation rate, government spending, money market rate, and industrial output are examined using monthly data from 2000-2017. Using the vector autoregressive (VAR) paradigm, we do an empirical investigation. Impulse response functions and generalized prediction variance decompositions are used to analyze the effect that fluctuations in oil and commodities prices have on Pakistan's economy. When the world oil price (LWOP) causes shock in the global oil market, the real exchange rate (LRER) shows a negative impulse r

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Rida Noor. "Russia-Ukraine Crises and its Impact on Pakistan." Social Science Review Archives 3, no. 1 (2025): 818–28. https://doi.org/10.70670/sra.v3i1.366.

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The ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine has sent shockwaves across the globe, with far-reaching implications for international relations, global economy, and regional stability. This article delves into the impact of the Russian-Ukraine crisis on Pakistan, exploring the economic, geopolitical, and geostrategic dimensions of this complex issue. The crisis has dealt a significant blow to Pakistan's economy, which is already grappling with inflation, trade deficits, and economic instability. The war has disrupted global supply chains, leading to shortages and price hikes in essential comm

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Kausar Kiani, Adiqa, Sana Ullah, and Zaib Maroof. "Where we are going? Empirical Analysis of Pakistan's Economy." Foundation University Journal of Business & Economics 2, no. 2 (2017): 82–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.33897/fujbe.v2i2.125.

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Since, Pakistan achieved independence, socio-economic development has faced various challenges. The human development index (HDI), published annually, shows several weaknesses. Furthermore, the HDI does not take into account several important indicators, and is an inappropriate mechanism by which to measure human development. The present study assess the level of Pakistan's social economic development (SED) based on 20 developing countries and using new variables. Socioeconomic development is the process of social and economic development in a society which is measured by indicators, such as m

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Muhammad Taha, Tabish Ali *, and Umair Nizami. "Cross-Border Threads: The Role of the Pak-China FTA in Shaping Pakistan’s Textile Export Performance." Social Science Review Archives 3, no. 2 (2025): 197–213. https://doi.org/10.70670/sra.v3i2.606.

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With an eye toward Pakistan's larger economic performance, this paper looks at how the Pakistan-China Free Trade Agreement (CPFTA) affects Pakistan's textile exports. By use of econometric analysis, the study investigates the relationship between the Free Trade Agreement (FTA) and several important economic variables including GDP growth, trade balance, textile exports, and imports. The findings show that although the FTA has improved textile exports, it has also caused notable trade imbalances and slowed down GDP development. Policy ideas for optimizing the advantages of the CPFTA while minim

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Chaudhry, M. Ghaffar, and Nighat Naheed Kayani. "Implicit Taxation of Pakistan's Agriculture: An Analysis of the Commodity and Input Prices." Pakistan Development Review 30, no. 3 (1991): 225–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v30i3pp.225-242.

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The purpose of the present paper has been to quantify and discuss the implications of implicit taxes in Pakistan's agriculture. The methodology of the paper consisted of derming the impon and expon parity prices of major agricultural commodities grown in Pakistan, by comparing them with domestic procurement prices. Although the analysis covered only four commodities, implicit tax rates in some of the years from 1970-71 to 1989-90 were as high as 75 percent for cenain commodities. It was only in the case of IRRI rice and sugarcane that domestic prices were above the world levels in some years o

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COY, STEVEN P., MARGARET F. SHIPLEY, KHURSHEED OMER, and RAO NISAR A. KHAN. "FACTORS CONTRIBUTORY TO SUCCESS: A STUDY OF PAKISTAN'S SMALL BUSINESS OWNERS." Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship 12, no. 02 (2007): 181–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1084946707000617.

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Small business and entrepreneurship have been at the heart of Pakistan's economy for almost 60 years, yet little (if any) research has been conducted that identifies factors crucial for small business success in Pakistan. In the past, studies identifying factors crucial for small business success have focused primarily on the United States and Western Europe. This paper presents survey results from 265 small business owners located in and around Karachi, the largest city and hub of economic activity in Pakistan. The survey was designed to identify the internal and external factors that Pakista

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Mamoona Bashir. "THE INDIAN OCEAN IN PAKISTAN’S FOREIGN POLICY: MARITIME STRATEGY AND GEOPOLITICAL IMPERATIVES." Journal of Arts & Social Sciences 12, no. 1 (2025): 25–31. https://doi.org/10.46662/jass.v12i1.522.

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Pakistan is an important coastal state because it shares a border with Afghanistan, China, and India. Pakistan's national security, maintaining a strong naval presence and coordinated marine patrols in the Indian Ocean is not a question of choice but a strategic imperative. Pakistan has inherited a maritime legacy. This paper primarily examines the implications of neglecting maritime economy for Pakistan and draws lessons that Pakistan can learn from other countries’ maritime strategy. In this study, the historical context of Pakistan’s maritime situation was analyzed. This paper further explo

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Rabia, Ammara Tariq Cheema, and Atra Komal. "Political Leadership Crisis in Pakistan: Causes and Consequences." Journal of Asian Development Studies 14, no. 1 (2025): 1437–53. https://doi.org/10.62345/jads.2025.14.1.114.

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The main objective of this study is to highlight the causes and consequences of Pakistan’s political leadership crisis. The implications of the 21st century definition of the state is rooted in the dilemma of the structure and institutional system. To throw a Qualitative methodology to explore the fragility of democracy, the crisis of family dysfunction, and the instability among political family systems. The elites either lack leadership at the grassroots level or the struggling elected government is taken over by unelected institutions. The implications of this crisis extend beyond one aspec

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Azhar, Komal, Tahira Sadaf, Ayesha Rouf, Muhammad Amjed Iqbal, and Usman Azhar. "Competitive Textile Exports: A Comparative Study of Pakistan and China in the United States of America Market." Journal of Economic Impact 6, no. 2 (2024): 138–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.52223/econimpact.2024.6204.

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The clothing and textile industry is crucial to Pakistan's economy, significantly contributing to GDP and employment. Pakistan, with its strong expertise in cotton manufacturing, faces intense competition from China in the lucrative United States market. This study aims to evaluate Pakistan's textile and clothing exports to the United States and analyze its competitive advantages against China. Utilizing two analytical techniques, the Trade Competitiveness Index and Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), this research assesses Pakistan's positioning in the US market relative to China. Secondary

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Khalid, Nayab, and Aaqib Qayyum. "An Empirical Analysis of the Growth-Health Relationship in Pakistan." Quantitative Economics and Management Studies 2, no. 3 (2021): 182–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.35877/454ri.qems272.

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The purpose of this study is to examine Pakistan's health sector issues and the critical ties between health indicators and economic growth. ARDL analysis has been applied on the data set of Pakistan’s economy, in the time reference to 1990-2020. The study revealed that the important ties between GDP, foreign direct investment, fertility and life expectation in the short run are strong, while mortality rate is negative, but have a significant impact on economic development. The fertility rate has a huge effect on GDP in long-term, while affecting foreign direct investment. The study achieves t

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YASEEN, T., A. ABBAS, and AU REHMAN. "ISSUES AND SOLUTIONS OF THE AGRICULTURE SECTOR OF PAKISTAN TO INCREASE PRODUCTIVITY." Biological and Agricultural Sciences Research Journal 2022, no. 1 (2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.54112/basrj.v2022i1.1.

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Agriculture is an important part of Pakistan's economy. It makes up a large part of the country's GDP, generates employment, ensures food security, and helps many people make a living. About 38.5% of the people who work in rural areas rely on this sector. There are a lot of problems in the industry, such as a lack of water, a growing population, traditional farming methods, a shift in labor from the country to urban areas, and an uneven distribution of canal water systems. The government needs to take the lead in figuring out and fixing the serious problems in the farming sector, such as givin

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Chaudhry, M. Ghaffar. "Economic liberalization of Pakistan's economy: Trends and repercussions." Contemporary South Asia 4, no. 2 (1995): 187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09584939508719761.

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Dr. Maftoon Ahmed Mahesar, Mr. Pawan Kumar Rathore, and Miss Heena Rathore. "A Study of Future of Economy in Islamic Republic of Pakistan." Al-Qamar 6, no. 4 (2023): 165–82. https://doi.org/10.53762/1w1hzr60.

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This unique dives into the imminent line of Pakistan's cheapness, vaccinating certain patterns and analyzing challenges that will shape its future. Drawing on receptivity accessible over to the information in January 2022, the examination considers significant variables affecting productive development, maintainability, and adaptability. The productive future of Pakistan pivots on a few basic basics, counting basic changes, mechanical headways, and worldwide beneficial flow. sweats to address regulation wasteful aspects, improve administration, and improve the ease of doing commerce are impera

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Dr.A.Shaji, George. "Causes and Consequences of Pakistan's Economic Crisis." Partners Universal International Innovation Journal (PUIIJ) ISSN: 2583-9675 01, no. 05 (2023): 1–20. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8436578.

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Pakistan is currently facing one of the worst economic crises in its history. A combination of rising debt levels, persistent trade deficits, political instability, and a lack of investment has created a 'perfect storm' for the Pakistani economy. This paper examines the various factors behind Pakistan's economic crisis and analyzes its devastating consequences for the country's population. Pakistan's debt-to-GDP ratio has risen above 80%, making it difficult for the government to fulfill its loan obligations. The country has also run persistent trade deficits due to high im

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Khan, Amir, Naureen Akhtar, Muhammad Danyal Khan, and Rao Imran Habib. "Informal Economy Enabling Tax Evasion and Money Laundering in Pakistan: An Analytical Study." Review of Politics and Public Policy in Emerging Economies 2, no. 2 (2020): 131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.26710/rope.v2i2.1760.

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Purpose: The primary objective of this article is to conduct an in-depth analysis of the informal economy in Pakistan enabling money laundering and tax evasion in Pakistan. Furthermore, it also looks into the informal economy’s implications for the economic growth of Pakistan. Finally, this article recommends potential reforms for formalization of economy of Pakistan for prevention of such crimes. Methodology: A review regarding informal economy in Pakistan enabling money laundering and tax evasion with the help of prior studies has been conducted. Findings: The formalization of th

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Saleem, Adeel, Muhammad Fayyaz Sheikh, Ghulam Sarwar, and Sana Bashir. "Measuring the Role of Infrastructure Quality in the Economic Growth of Pakistan." Journal of Education and Social Studies 3, no. 3 (2022): 221–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.52223/jess.20223306.

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The government’s aim to accomplish social and economic development is realized through the optimal use of infrastructure. In this context, an infrastructure index is developed to investigate the role of infrastructure quality in Pakistan's economic growth from 1975 to 2018 particularly. The ARDL bounds testing cointegration with structural breaks confirm the presence of a long-run relationship amid the variables; economic growth, labour force, physical capital, and quality of infrastructure. Long-run findings indicate a positive and significant relationship between infrastructure quality and e

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Ali, Ahmed, and Fida Muhammad Khan. "Exporting the JF-17 Thunder: A way-out for Pakistan." Global Strategic & Securities Studies Review VI, no. I (2021): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gsssr.2021(vi-i).04.

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Pakistan is facing a current account deficit. Boosting exports will help reduce the deficit and fetch the much needed foreign exchange. Exports of defense products can provide Pakistan economy with a major boost. The paper presents a discussion on the various benefits Pakistan can have if the defense products such as the JF-17 thunder, which is a multi-role jet fighter produced by PAC Kamra and CAC China, is sold. The research approach as adopted in this paper is qualitative. The possible markets for the Pakistani JF-17 have been identified. The paper recommends that the political leadership s

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Wattoo, Mian Muhammad Yasin Khan. "Inaugural Address." Pakistan Development Review 25, no. 3 (1986): 213–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v25i3pp.213-221.

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Mr President of the Society, Secretary of the Society, Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen: It gives me great pleasure to inaugurate the Third Annual General Meeting of the Pakistan Society of Development Economists (PSDE). I am happy to note that, within only four years of its existence, the Society has become one of the most important national forums for discussing economic and demographic issues relating to Pakistan's economy and has attracted to its fold a large number of social scientists from all over the world. The first and second Annual General Meetings of the Society, held in

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Fazal, Snober. "An Empirical Analysis of Energy Consumption, Environmental Emissions, and Economic Growth for Pakistan." iRASD Journal of Energy & Environment 1, no. 1 (2020): 38–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.52131/jee.2020.0101.0004.

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The use of energy plays an imperative role in the expansion of the economy so, this study examined the effect of consumption of energy and environment to economic development which derives the economic development of Pakistan’s economy. This study used the famous time series ARDL methodology to empirically determine the impact of energy and environment on Pakistan economic development. Results indicates that in both short and long-run, consumption of energy and GDP level boosts economic development. While on the other hand, FDI and non-renewable-energy (fossil fuel) create hurdles in Pakistan'

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Farooq, Chaudhry Ibrahim Tahir, Haider Nafees Ahmed, and Mohammed Nawab Shinwari. "Addressing Gender Disparities in Education: Empowering Girls through Education in Pakistan." Global Social Sciences Review VIII, no. II (2023): 390–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2023(viii-ii).35.

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Education may transform everyone's life, regardless of gender. Gender bias remains widespread. Pakistan's rural areas are especially bad. Pakistani women have been exploited since independence. Pakistani women rarely receive constitutional rights. Discrimination against women in the job, school, economy, and politics predates the 20th century. 200 teachers and 200 students from around Pakistan were selected for a good sample. A typical questionnaire assessed the girls' school backgrounds, objectives, and gender equality beliefs. At the schools examined men and women had very different educatio

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Khan, Rohina, Nadeem Iqbal, and Aisha Rehman. "Estimation of Informal Economy in Pakistan through Monetary Approach." Global Political Review IX, no. III (2024): 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2024(ix-iii).09.

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This study purposes to estimate Pakistan's informal economy by monetary methods. Ordinary least square is used for estimation. From the monetary approach, we conclude that the informal economy is increasing. In our study, particular implications of the informal economy are identified and conferred to accomplish and achieve the goal of continuous growth and progression of a country. The informal economy plays a main role in income inequality and reducing poverty. It limits the implementation of the operative public policy. The government should make such policies to control the informal economy

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Iqbal, Hafsa, Sohail Ahmad, and Brekhna Gul. "Daronomics: The Dynamics of Economic Dependency in Pakistan." Global Political Review VIII, no. IV (2023): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2023(viii-iv).04.

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An economist from Pakistan named Dr Ishrat Hussain created the word "daronomics" to describe the complicated connection between economic and political affairs in Pakistan. It stands out for its weak economic growth, sizable population, and complicated political system. Daronomics basically refers to Ishaq Dar's way of dealing with the economy of Pakistan. Daronomics refers to the valuation of local currency by artificially controlling the exchange rates. Daronomics has a significant impact on Pakistan's economy. The paper explores the linkage between economic dependence and foreign policy and

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