Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Pair approach'
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Ball, Adrian Keith. "How Should a Robot Approach a Pair of People?" Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/17305.
Full textLawrence, Elliot. "Developing hydrogen oxidation electrocatalysts using a frustrated Lewis pair approach." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2015. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/52523/.
Full textTeague, Madonna Margaret. "Pedagogy of introductory computer programming : a people-first approach." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2011. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/46255/1/Donna_Teague_Thesis.pdf.
Full textGhorbani, Ghomeshi Ramin. "Pair Production and the Light-Front Vacuum." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för fysik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-83444.
Full textSeyam, Mohammed Saad. "Multifaceted Approach for Teaching Mobile Software Development: Class Experiences With Lectures, Tutorials, and Pair Programming." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/85330.
Full textPh. D.
Teixeira, Ariel Amadeu Edwards. "Pair trading in Bovespa with a quantitative approach: cointegration, Ornstein-Uhlenbeck equation and Kelly criterion." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/11605.
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Pair trading is an old and well-known technique among traders. In this paper, we discuss an important element not commonly debated in Brazil: the cointegration between pairs, which would guarantee the spread stability. We run the Dickey-Fuller test to check cointegration, and then compare the results with non-cointegrated pairs. We found that the Sharpe ratio of cointegrated pairs is greater than the non-cointegrated. We also use the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck equation in order to calculate the half-life of the pairs. Again, this improves their performance. Last, we use the leverage suggested by Kelly Formula, once again improving the results.
Nikoloski, Zoran. "Graph-theoretic Approach to Modeling Propagation and Control of Network Worms." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2005. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3164.
Full textPh.D.
School of Computer Science
Engineering and Computer Science
Computer Science
Lange, Clemens. "A novel approach to precision measurements of the top quark-antiquark pair production cross section with the ATLAS experiment." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16786.
Full textThis doctoral thesis presents three measurements of the top quark-antiquark pair production cross section in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7TeV recorded in 2010 and 2011 with the ATLAS Experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. Events are selected in the single lepton topology by requiring an electron or muon, large missing transverse momentum and at least three jets. While one analysis relies on kinematic information only to discriminate the top quark-antiquark pair signal from the background processes, the other two also make use of b-tagging information. With the help of multivariate methods the most precise measurements in this topology are obtained. This is for two of the measurements in particular possible due to the use of a profile likelihood method which is studied in detail. For the first time a fiducial inclusive cross section measurement for top quark events is performed allowing a measurement almost independent of theoretical uncertainties. All measurements are in agreement with theory predictions performed in perturbation theory at approximate NNLO.
Alekseeva, A. "COMBINED NMR/LC-MS APPROACH FOR STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF HEPARINS AND NON-ANTICOAGULANT GLYCOL-SPLIT HEPARINS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/243373.
Full textMasur, Oliver [Verfasser], and Denis [Akademischer Betreuer] Usvyat. "A fragment-based embedded approach for periodic systems and enhanced weak-pair treatment of molecular LCCSD, both based on direct-local-ring-CCD / Oliver Masur ; Betreuer: Denis Usvyat." Regensburg : Universitätsbibliothek Regensburg, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1116080214/34.
Full textLange, Clemens [Verfasser], Ulrich [Akademischer Betreuer] Husemann, Heiko [Akademischer Betreuer] Lacker, and Lucia [Akademischer Betreuer] Masetti. "A novel approach to precision measurements of the top quark-antiquark pair production cross section with the ATLAS experiment / Clemens Lange. Gutachter: Ulrich Husemann ; Heiko Lacker ; Lucia Masetti." Berlin : Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1038762596/34.
Full textLange, Clemens Gregor [Verfasser], Ulrich [Akademischer Betreuer] Husemann, Heiko [Akademischer Betreuer] Lacker, and Lucia [Akademischer Betreuer] Masetti. "A novel approach to precision measurements of the top quark-antiquark pair production cross section with the ATLAS experiment / Clemens Lange. Gutachter: Ulrich Husemann ; Heiko Lacker ; Lucia Masetti." Berlin : Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-100211456.
Full textBrini, Emiliano [Verfasser], Nico F. A. van der [Akademischer Betreuer] Vegt, and Florian [Akademischer Betreuer] Müller-Plathe. "Conditional Reversible Work method: a novel approach to obtain pair potentials for coarse-grained simulation of soft matter / Emiliano Brini. Betreuer: Nico F. A. van der Vegt ; Florian Müller-Plathe." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1106257332/34.
Full textNguyen, Gia Hien. "Fiabilité des réponses fournies par un réseau logique pair-à-pair." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00342652.
Full textTressou, Benjamin. "Contribution à l'homogénéisation des milieux viscoélastiques et introduction du couplage avec la température par extensions d'une approche incrémentale directe." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ESMA0004/document.
Full textThis study is devoted to the micromechanical modeling of viscoelastic composites using an incremental approach (IA) due to Lahellec and Suquet (2007). ln addition to be based on a rigorous thermodynamic framework, the IA allows solving the heterogeneous viscoelastic problem in the real time domain (i.e. without the Laplace transform). The first aim is to extend the IA application range in terms of local linear viscoelastic laws and microstructures. The second one is to attempt to introduce the coupling effects between the viscoelasticity and the temperature within the IA framework. First, the IA is coded in Python• and the program validated for simple viscoelastic laws, and for microstructures and loading paths already studied in Lahellec and Suquet (2007). The second part focuses on a theoretical generalization of the IA for many internal variables which are not necessarily deviatoric and for anisotropie phases. The resulting estlmates are progressively validated by confrontation to reference so lutions (full -field simulations) and especially the IA ability to deal with matrices described by generalized Maxwell laws (without and with volumetric anelastic strains). This part ends with a demonstration of the possible association of the IA with three linear homogenization schemes (Mori-Tanaka, Lielen's interpolation, scheme of Malekmohammadi et al. (2014)) in order to deal with various morphologies (fiber or part icle reinforced composites, wood strand-based composites). The last part focuses on the coupling between the viscoelasticity and the temperature within the IA framework. The initial and time discretized versions of the strongly coupled local problem are formulated. Then, increasing coupling levels are envisioned for a progressive approach of the solving procedure. The thermoelastic coupling, alone, is first studied (effect of the thermies on mechanics, without solving the heat equation). The resulting estimates for a periodic microstructure with elastic, thermoelastic then thermoviscoelastic fibers, in a thermoviscoelastic matrix are successfully compared to reference solutions. At last, the heat equation is simultaneously solved by taklng into account the viscoelastic dissipation within the matrix as a source term, in addition to the thermoelastic coupling term. The evolutions of the global temperature and response reveal relevant tendencies
El, Haddad Fadi. "Modélisation des problèmes de grandes déformations multi-domaines par une approche Eulérienne monolithique massivement parallèle." Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENMP0011/document.
Full textModeling of multi-domain problems is addressed in a Purely Eulerian framework. A single mesh is used all over the domain. The evolution of the different interacting bodies is described using numerical tools such as the Level Set method. The characteristics of the subdomains, considered as heterogeneities in the mesh, are determined using mixture laws.This work is one of the first attempts applying fully Eulerian Approach to Model large deformation problems. Therefore, the capacity of this approach is tested to determine necessary developments. The friction between the different objects is managed by adding a boundary layer implying the presence of a lubricant. Combined with an identification technique, a new quadratic mixture Law is introduced to determine the lubricant viscosity. Comparisons have been performed with Forge® and results were found satisfactory. To treat the contact problem between the different objects, a directional solver was developed. Despite the interesting results, it remains the topic of further improvements. The scalability of the approach in a massively parallel environment is tested as well. Several recommendations were proposed to ensure an optimal performance. The technique of a single mesh guarantees a very good scalability since the efficiency of parallelism depends of the partition of a single mesh (unlike the Lagrangian Methods). The proposed method presents undeniable capacities but remains far from being complete. Ideas for future Improvements are proposed accordingly
Vu, Ngoc tru. "Contribution à l'étude de la corrosion par carbonatation du béton armé : approche expérimentale et probabiliste." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ISAT0008/document.
Full textThe steel corrosion induced by carbonation is a major cause of degradation of the reinforced concrete structures. Two stages arise: the steel depassivation due to the decrease of pH of the pore solution and the effective initiation, and then the propagation. A wide experimental study was carried out focusing on the first stage, in order to emphasize the effect of the exposure conditions, the type of cement and the concrete mixes, and the carbonation conditions of the concrete cover. In all a set of 27 configurations was investigated. The free potential of corrosion and the resistance of polarization were measured in the course of the experiment during one year. Regularly the Tafel coefficients along with the mass of corrosion products were also measured. The set of data was analyzed in order to derive the detection thresholds of the effective onset of corrosion associated with the electrochemical parameters, from the calculation of the probabilities of good or bad alarm. The threshold of the mass of corrosion products corresponding to this detection was also derived. The tests on concrete probes (porosity, permeability, etc.) supplied data that were used to calibrate a finite element model of the onset of corrosion: this model was found in fairly good agreement with the experimental results
Oumarou, Mairagouna Mamane. "Approche probabiliste du comportement mécanique des composites thermoplastiques assemblés par soudage laser." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00819162.
Full textJoannette, Sonia. "Signification accordée à l'approche oncogériatrique intégrée par des personnes âgées atteintes de cancer." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/8190.
Full textAbstract: Introduction: Due to the course of the disease and its multimodal treatment, elderly persons affected with cancer are particularly vulnerable to problems of fragmentation of care. Internationally, experts agree that it is essential to implement an integrated oncogeriatric approach (IOGA). This approach aims to provide quality of care to the elderly to meet the globality of their needs. However, the meaning attributed to IOGA varies between disciplines, stakeholders and contexts. Furthermore, there is limited information in the literature about the perspective of the elderly person affected with cancer, even though they are at the center of this approach. Objective: The objective of this study is to understand the meaning of an integrated oncogeriatric approach from the perspective of the elderly person affected with cancer. Method: The hermeneutic phenomenological study is based on van Manen (1990) and follows the theoretical frame of The human becoming theory (Parse, 1992). It was conducted among 10 elderly persons of 70 years and older, with different types of cancers, with different care pathways, treated at an integrated cancer center. Data was collected using semi-structured interviews and recorded in digital audio. Verbatim were transcribed. The qualitative analyses were interpretative (meaning units, categories, themes). Results: The results provide rich descriptions of the five key themes of the meaning attributed to AOGI: Being with the transformed individual in the singularity of the lived experience in order to help him/her deal with the paradoxes linked to aging, to cancer and its treatment in order for them to continue to be what he/she is. Conclusion: This study, based on the perspective of the elderly person treated for cancer, lays down the guidelines for the improvement of the quality and integration of cares he development of better care in a context where IOGA is emerging.
Zouaoui-Elloumi, Salma. "Reconnaissance de comportements de navires dans une zone portuaire sensible par approches probabiliste et événementielle : application au Grand Port Maritime de Marseille." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00737678.
Full textSchmidt, Arlen David. "Pairs Trading: A Cointegration Approach." Thesis, Discipline of Finance, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4072.
Full textSchmitt, Lucie. "Durabilité des ouvrages en béton soumis à la corrosion : optimisation par une approche probabiliste." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ISAT0009/document.
Full textMastering the durability of new structures and the need to extand the lifespan of existing constructions correspond to social issues of the highest order and are part of the principles of a circular economy. The durability of concrete structures thus occupies a central position in the normative context. This thesis works follow those of J. Mai-Nhu* and aims at extending the field of application the SDReaM-crete model by integrating mineral additions based concretes and by defining a limit state criterion based on a quantity of corroded products. An approach based on a numerical optimization of predictive computations is set up to perform reliability analyses by considering the main mechanisms related to the corrosion of reinforcement, carbonation and chlorides. This model enables the optimization of the sizing of the concrete covers and performances by further integrating the environmental conditions as defined by the standards
Bui, Truong Son. "Caractérisation et modélisation de l’endommagement des géomatériaux par méthode ultrasonore." Thesis, Orléans, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ORLE2018/document.
Full textThis research is devoted to study the damage of geomaterials using the nondestructive method like ultrasound. To this aim, we develop in the first step a modern and innovative system of ultrasound which, in combining with a mechanical system, can characterize the process of damage in material during the tests such as uniaxial/triaxial compression. More specifically, our ultrasonic system comprises 96 channels and can be able to measure continuously the three types of waves thanks to the specific piezoelectric sensors.The application of the developped system for characterization of the damage of a cement-based géomatériaux showed the efficacy of this approach. Under uniaxial loading, the evolution of the ultrasonic velocities and the attenuation of three types of wave have been detected as a result of damage within the material.We are interested in the second step the application of the ultrasonic system on the tomography (such as the velocities and attenuation) of damage during loading of materials. The study on some mortar specimens give good agreement between the obtained results and the observations, especially at failure , although the resolution is fairly coarse. The last part of this research is to model the damage of material by using a so-called up-scaling approach. A conceptual model is proposed for this type of material that allows to take into account two main damage mechanisms: crack in the cement matrix and debonding effect between the matrix and inclusions. Via a scheme of homogenization in two steps, the impact of such mechanisms on the evolution of velocities of the ultrasonic waves has been elucidated. The comparison of numerical predictions with experimental results allows validating the model
Augustine, Cecilia. "Pairs trading: a copula approach." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8532.
Full textPairs trading is an arbitrage strategy that involves identifying a pair of stocks known to move together historically and trading on them when relative mispricing occurs. The strategy involves shorting the overvalued stock and simultaneously going long on the undervalued stock and closing the positions once the prices have returned to fair values. The cointegration method and the distance method are the most common techniques used in pairs trading strategy. However under these methods, the measure of divergence between the stocks or the spread is assumed to be symmetrically distributed about the mean zero. In addition, the spread is assumed to be a stationary time series (cointegration method) or mean-reverting (distance method). These assumptions are the main drawbacks of these methods and may lead to missed and/or inaccurate trading signals. The purpose of this dissertation is to explore an alternative approach to pairs trading by use of copulas. This dissertation aims to investigate if copulas can improve the profitability of pairs trading. To achieve this aim, results of pairs trading by use of copulas are compared against those of cointegration and distance methods.
Benjelloun, Omar. "Active XML : une approche des services Web centrée sur les données." Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA112087.
Full textThis thesis introduces Active XML (AXML, for short), a declarative framework that harnesses Web services for distributed data management, and is put to work in a peer-to-peer architecture. An AXML document is an XML document that may contain embedded calls to Web services, whose invocation enriches the document. An AXML service is a Web service that exchanges AXML documents. An AXML "peer" is a repository of AXML documents. On the one hand, it acts as a client, by invoking the service calls embedded in its documents. On the other hand, a peer acts as a server, by providing AXML services that can be declaratively specified as queries or updates over the AXML documents of its repository. The AXML approach allows for gracefully combining stored information with data defined in an intensional manner (as service calls). The fact that AXML peers can exchange a mix of materialized and intensional data (via AXML documents) leads to a very powerful distributed data management paradigm. The AXML approach leads to a number of important problems that are studied in the thesis. First, we address the issue of controlling the exchange of AXML data. We propose to use declarative schema specifications, and provide algorithms to statically enforce them. Second, we propose techniques for the "lazy evaluation" of queries on AXML documents, that detect which embedded service calls may contribute to query answers. An implementation of AXML peers compliant with W3C standards is also described in the thesis
Bardolle, Frédéric. "Modélisation des hydrosystèmes par approche systémique." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAH006/document.
Full textIn the light of current knowledge, hydrosystems cannot be modelled as a whole since underlying physical principles are not totally understood. Systemic models simplify hydrosystem representation by considering only water flows. The aim of this work is to provide a systemic modelling tool giving information about hydrosystem physical behavior while being simple and parsimonious. This model, called HMSA (for Hydrosystem Modelling with a Systemic Approach) is based on parametric transfer functions chose for their low parametrization, their general nature and their physical interpretation. It is versatile, since its architecture is modular, and the user can choose the number of inputs, outputs and transfer functions. Inversion is done with recent machine learning heuristic family, based on swarm intelligence called PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization). The model and its inversion algorithms are tested first with a textbook case, and then with a real-world case
Noehren, Brian. "A mechanistic approach to the etiology and treatment of patellofemoral pain syndrome." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 112 p, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1885755661&sid=5&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Full textBlackwelder, Reid B. "Practical Approach to Chronic Pain Management." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6980.
Full textBlackwelder, Reid B. "Patient-Centered Approach to Pain Management." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6981.
Full textAynaud, Claude. "Localisation précise et fiable de véhicules par approche multisensorielle." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CLF22637/document.
Full textVehicle localization is a crucial step in the development of smart vehicles. The research in this domain has been growing in recent years. Generally, the effort is focused on the localization accuracy, we present here a localization method on existing map where the objective is to estimate the robot position not only with accuracy but also with confidence. To achieve this , the algorithm developed has two main steps : one, selection and perception of the most relevant informations and two, position estimation and confidence update. This last step also allows to detect and eliminate the previous errors. Environment perception is well achieved, thanks to different sensors associated with specific detectors. Humans use different senses, shifting automatically in order to localize themselves depending on the situation of the environment, for e.g if there is enough illumination we depend on eyes, else the ear or the touch otherwise. We have developed a similar approach for the robot that takes into account the specific environmental constraints and actual position estimation to select at each instant the most relevant set of sensor, landmark and detector. The perception step, led by a top-down process, can use already known informations allowing a focus on the searched landmark and an improvement of the detection and data associations steps. This top-down approach is well implemented, thanks to a Bayesian network. Bayesian network allows to model the interactions between the different probable events with management of the uncertainty. With this network, it is very easy to take into account those different events. Moreover, a Bayesian network has a great flexibility to take into consideration additional events that can cause false detections (like sensor failure, meteorological conditions and others). The environment data is obtained with a Georeferenced map (from GIS). With the already available maps on the internet, allows to exploit an already existing information. The use of a Georeferenced map facilitates the communication of informations between a vehicle and several other vehicles or with an element of the infrastructure, that can be very useful for multi vehicle coordination, for example. The results shows that the developed approach is very accurate and reliable for localization, whether static or dynamic, and can be applied for autonomous driving. Moreover, new sensors can be added at ease
Diharce, Julien. "Étude par modélisation moléculaire de systèmes multienzymatiques impliqués dans la biosynthèse des flavonoïdes." Thesis, Nice, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NICE4095/document.
Full textFlavonoids, some natural compounds exhibiting antioxidant properties, are synthesized along enzymatic cascades involving several enzymes. It has been recently proposed that some of these enzymes are involved in the formation of large transient macromolecular edifices, called metabolon, interacting with cellular membrane. Such molecular complexes should allow direct metabolites transfer from one active site to the other (substrate channeling phenomenon), minimizing diffusion time and solvation effects. The present work aims to establish a first model of a metabolon involving 3 enzymes of the flavonoid biosynthesis: the dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR), the flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase (F3'H) and the leucoanthocyanidin reductase (LAR). The study of such large molecular system requires a multiscale approach based on i) hybrid QM/MM methods to decipher enzymatic mechanism, ii) molecular dynamic simulations in microsecond timescale to estimate thermodynamic and kinetic properties and iii) protein-protein docking at coarse-grained resolution. These different levels of theory allow us to establish a first model of a three-enzymes-metabolon in interaction with a model of cellular membrane
Kanso, Haydar. "Influence des phases magnétiques désordonnées sur les propriétés d'anisotropie d'échange des nanoplots F/AF : Etude par simulations Monte Carlo et comparaison à l'expérience." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMR071/document.
Full textOur goal is to improve the comprehension of the exchange bias (EB) in nanodots in comparison with the continuous films and to study the effects of the interfacial magnetic disorder on the EB properties. Firstly, we use a granular model which considers disordered interfacial phases by considering less stable magnetic grains at the interface in the antiferromagnetic (AF) layer. We further model the effect of the nanofabrication process by considering less stable magnetic grains at the edges, due to grain cutting. Our results evidence two different mechanisms of the ferromagnetic (F) layer reversal depending on the magnitude of the coupling between F grains. In the weak coupling regime relative to the anisotropy, the exchange field is independent of the coupling. By contrast, in the strong coupling regime, the exchange field depends on the coupling. Our model also well explain some experimental features observed in NiFe/IrMn and Co/IrMn nanodots (for various lateral sizes) and continuous films, at various measurement temperatures and various AF thicknesses. More precisely, the simulated values of the exchange field in the continuous films, at room temperature, are larger than in the nanodots for small values of the AF thicknesses. However, it is the opposite when this thickness increases. Secondly, we use an atomic model which considers the magnetic frustration inside the AF layer and the presence of structural defects such as grain boundaries and interdiffusion. We found that the combination effect of grain boundaries, frustration and surface can result in complex magnetic configurations in the AF layer at the interface (magnetic domains). Our results show that the non-collinearity of the AF moments at the interface decreases the effective coupling at the interface and decreases the effective anisotropy constant of the AF layer. Our findings indicate that combination effect of grain boundaries and frustration make the AF layer more stable at 0 Kelvin and less stable at non-zero temperature. Our results show that the interdiffusion decrease the simulated values of the exchange field and make the AF more stable which corresponds to a decrease of the effective coupling at the interface. It is important to note that the simulated values of the exchange field are realistic values, which highlights that the interdiffusion is probably one of the essential factors which can give simulated values close to the experimental values
Judge, Stephanie T. "OPTIMISM AND PAIN INTERFERENCE IN AGING WOMEN." UKnowledge, 2017. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/psychology_etds/125.
Full textBautista, Angeli Jean-Romain. "Etude de faisabilité de la micro-méthanisation par co-digestion à l'échelle des quartiers." Thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019IMTA0133/document.
Full textOur society is constantly evolving and positioning itself in relation to the world around it. This evolution pushes it to reorganize itself around energy from local and more renewable sources. For these reasons, it seems appropriate to design a possible evolution of anaerobic digestion (AD) by localized units. This is referred to a micro-AD at urban scale. The purpose of this thesis was to provide some answers to the question of the feasibility of integrating this micro-AD into a neighbourhood.To this end, it was carried out: i) An analysis of feedback from cities with urban AD projects. ii) An experimental approach, with the aim of obtaining a stable AD process of urban waste atlaboratory scale. iii) These input data then made it possible to establish a waste recovery model in a district. These results highlight the need for a systemic approach in order to be able to integrate AD in a neighbourhood. They also make it possible to recommend processes and wastes, in order to improve the implementation of the process in urban areas. Under defined conditions, urban AD is possible and stable over time. In addition, the energy balance is beneficial for the district. It should be noted that the energy thus produced is mainly in the form of heat, which highlights the importance of an integrated process, close to homes
Ngo, Quoc Dung. "Diagnostic de systèmes hybrides incertains par génération automatique de relations de redondance analytique symboliques évaluées par approche ensembliste." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00830791.
Full textBrown, Kara Mutso Amelia Tuttle Alexander H. "Sex dependent affiliation behavior and empathic approach in Mus musculus." Diss., Connect to the thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10066/1430.
Full textJain, Tushar. "Contribution à la synthèse de commandes tolérantes aux défauts par l'approche comportementale." Phd thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00767015.
Full textFruquiere, Antoine. "Canaux calciques de type T spinaux et sensibilité douloureuse." Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTT061.
Full textPhysiological pain is essential for individual survival, but chronic pains are purely deleterious for the organism and the life quality. Unfortunately, current therapies are limited to drugs with a low efficacy or with a bad benefit/risk ratio. It is thus urgently necessary to better understand the establishment and persistence mechanisms of those chronic pains, like neuropathic pain in order to design efficient therapeutic strategies against this pathology. Many studies have shown that T-type calcium channels are involved in chronic pain states, like Cav3.2 subtypes, all along the nociceptive circuit. In the peripheral nervous system, Cav3.2 channels have pronociceptive impact and are now approved as a target for innovative therapies development. In contrast, the role of Cav3.2 channel in the central nervous system, and especially in the spinal cord, a crucial hotspot of nociceptive information convergence, integration and transmission, remains to be explored.Thanks to a Cav3.2-GFP-Lox murine model created by the team, we were able to i/ identify and precisely localize Cav3.2 positive neurons in all the nervous system and ii/ induce tissue specific deletion of Cav3.2 by the Cre recombinase action, to evaluate effects on pain sensitivity. At the spinal level, we found that Cav3.2 is prominently expressed in lamina II neurons comprising mostly excitatory neurons. Knocking-out spinal Cav3.2 by a viral approach has demonstrated behaviorally i) an abolition of cold and mechanical allodynia, mechanical hyperalgesia and spontaneous pain like behaviors under neuropathic conditions in males and females, ii) an alteration of the hot perception, under pathological pain conditions, with a differential effect in a sex dependent manner, and iii) a modification of anxiety associated to chronic pain, iv) a suppression of the analgesia induced by a systemic treatment with a brain penetrant T-type channel blocker. Mechanistically, extracellular in vivo recordings of spinal projection neurons demonstrate a decrease in integration and transmission of pathologic nociceptive messages from peripheral C- and A-delta fibers by Cav3.2 ablation in spinal networks. This approach has been developed before and after induction of the pain model to evaluate the preventive and curative effect of the treatment.Altogether, the results demonstrate that spinal Cav3.2 channel deletion has preventive and curative effects regarding neuropathic pains symptoms. In a clinical perspective for the development of analgesics based on T-type calcium channel blockers, we suggest the utility of targeting spinal Cav3.2 additionally to channels in primary afferent neurons, a notion already well established
Zimmer, Matthieu. "Apprentissage par renforcement développemental." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0008/document.
Full textReinforcement learning allows an agent to learn a behavior that has never been previously defined by humans. The agent discovers the environment and the different consequences of its actions through its interaction: it learns from its own experience, without having pre-established knowledge of the goals or effects of its actions. This thesis tackles how deep learning can help reinforcement learning to handle continuous spaces and environments with many degrees of freedom in order to solve problems closer to reality. Indeed, neural networks have a good scalability and representativeness. They make possible to approximate functions on continuous spaces and allow a developmental approach, because they require little a priori knowledge on the domain. We seek to reduce the amount of necessary interaction of the agent to achieve acceptable behavior. To do so, we proposed the Neural Fitted Actor-Critic framework that defines several data efficient actor-critic algorithms. We examine how the agent can fully exploit the transitions generated by previous behaviors by integrating off-policy data into the proposed framework. Finally, we study how the agent can learn faster by taking advantage of the development of his body, in particular, by proceeding with a gradual increase in the dimensionality of its sensorimotor space
Beatrix, Christopher. "Justifications dans les approches ASP basées sur les règles : application au backjumping dans le solveur ASPeRiX." Thesis, Angers, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ANGE0026/document.
Full textAnswer set programming (ASP) is a formalism able to represent knowledge in Artificial Intelligence thanks to a first order logic program which can contain default negations. In recent years, several efficient solvers have been proposed to compute the solutions of an ASP program called answer sets. We are particularly interested in the ASPeRiX solver that instantiates the first order rules on the fly during the computation of answer sets. It applies a forward chaining of rules from literals previously determined. The study of this solver leads us to consider the concept of justification as part of a rule-based approach for computing answer sets. Justifications enable to explain why some properties are true or false. Among them, we focus particularly on the failure reasons which justify why some branches of the search tree does not result in an answer set. This encourages us to implement a version of ASPeRiX with backjumping in order to jump to the last choice point related to the failure in the search tree thanks to information provided by the failure reasons
Thai, Le Vinh. "Modèles et outils pour favoriser l’articulation entre la généricité d’un assistant intelligent et les spécificités de son usage en EIAH." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1096/document.
Full textThis thesis in computer science take place in the ILE domain (Interactive Learning Environment) and was realized within the AGATE project (an Approach for Genericity in Assistance To complEx tasks) that aims at proposing generic models and unified tools to make possible the setup of assistance systems in various existing applications. In this project, an assistance editor allows assistance designers to define assistance systems and a generic assistance engine executes these assistance systems on the various target-applications without disturbing them to help final users. These assistance systems are defined by the assistance rules that respect the aLDEAS language. In the educational context, teachers can want to set up assistance system to complete the pedagogical or non-pedagogical software used by learners. Pedagogical engineers therefore have the role of assistance designers and learners are end-users of such assisted applications. Our PhD thesis address the following research question: “How to set up an epiphytic assistance system in the educational context by adopting a generic approach?” In order to answer this research question, we realized this thesis in two steps: first, the study of existing assistances within applications used in the educational context, then the exploitation and enrichment of models and tools of the AGATE project to adapt them to the educational context. In the first step, we studied the applications used by teachers in their courses as well as existing works proposing assistance system. We identified the characteristics of assistance, and classified them by the way they propose the technical assistance (use, handling of applications) and the pedagogical assistance (pedagogical feedback, pedagogical guidance) as well as different modes to sequence assistance elements in the educational context. In the second step, we confronted the models and tools proposed previously in the AGATE project to the characteristics of the assistance identified in educational context. The limitations of the previous models and tools led us to propose two contributions to the aLDEAS language and the SEPIA system in order to adapt them to the educational context. The first limitation relates to the complex definition of various assistance systems in terms of sequence of assistance elements. Whether in an educational context or not, it is important to be able to define easily and explicitly several modes of articulation between the different elements of an assistance system. We therefore proposed a model of articulation between aLDEAS rules in five modes: successive, interactive, simultaneous, progressive, independent. We associated this model with a process of automatic application of constraints of the articulation modes to the rules. This process makes it possible to automatically generate and / or modify the aLDEAS rules by making sure that they are always compatible with the execution of SEPIA assistance engine. This model and this process have been implemented in SEPIA-edu. The second limitation is specific to the educational context. It concerns the complex definition of a pedagogical guidance proposing different learning activities within an existing application. We first proposed an activity model to delimit activities within applications. Then, a pedagogical guidance model allows to define different types of pedagogical guidance (free, sequential, contextualized, temporal, personalized). A pedagogical guidance pattern was proposed to define a composed pedagogical guidance which can combine several types of pedagogical guidance. Finally, a process of the transformation of a pedagogical guidance into aLDEAS rules allows to automatically generate and modify aLDEAS rules. This model of activity, this pedagogical guidance pattern and this process have been implemented in SEPIA-edu
Masi, Enrica. "Étude théorique et numérique de la modélisation instationnaire des écoulements turbulents anisothermes gaz-particules par une approche Euler-Euler." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPT0030/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to provide an Eulerian modeling for the dispersed phase interacting with unsteady non-isothermal turbulent flows. The modeling of these flows is crucial for several industrial applications and for predictions of natural events. Examples are the combustion chambers of areo engines where the combustion is preceded by the injection and dispersion of liquid fuel. The prediction of such phenomena involves a local modeling of the mixture for taking into account the unsteady behavior of the turbulent flow and the presence of complex geometries. Moreover, many experimental and numerical studies have recently highlighted the significant role of the particle inertia on the mechanisms of dispersion and preferential concentration. Accounting for such mechanisms is therefore essential for modeling the particle-laden turbulent flows. In this thesis, a local and instantaneous Eulerian approach able to describe and to predict the local behavior of inertial particles interacting with non-isothermal turbulent flows has been developed. It is based on the statistical approach known as Mesoscopic Eulerian formalism (MEF) introduced by Février et al. (JFM, 2005). The statistical approach has been extended to the thermal quantities in order to account for the non-isothermal conditions into the modeling. This formalism is then used in the framework of the moment approach (Kaufmann et al., JCP, 2008) and a system of local and instantaneous equations for the non-isothermal dispersed phase has been suggested. The first order modeling requires to close second-order moments appearing in momentum and energy equations. The proposal of such constitutive relations makes the object of a part of this study. In order to provide an Eulerian approach usable in real configurations at industrial scale, the equations of the dispersed phase are filtered and the approach developed in the framework of the Large-Eddy Simulations. From the work of Moreau et al. (FTaC, 2010), the Eulerian-Eulerian LES approach is then extended to non-isothermal conditions. The whole modeling is then a priori tested against numerical simulations of a cold planar turbulent particle-laden jet crossing a homogeneous isotropic decaying hot turbulence
Gouba, Oussoulare. "Approche conjointe de la réduction du facteur de crête et de la linéarisation dans le contexte OFDM." Phd thesis, Supélec, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00931304.
Full textGhamri-Doudane, Samir. "Une approche pair à pair pour la découverte de ressources à large échelle." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066450.
Full textWilliams, Anna M. "Acute pain management in children : an ethnographic approach." Thesis, University of London, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.589765.
Full textFleau, Solène. "Modélisation des écoulements eau-vapeur « tous régimes d’écoulements » par une approche multi-champ." Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC1081/document.
Full textBubbly flows occurring in nuclear power plants remain a major limiting phenomenon for the analysis of operation and safety. As an example, the improvement of steam generator lifetime and performance relies on the comprehension of flow regimes inside the tubes responsible for tube vibrations. However, to ensure an accurate simulation of these flows, theComputational Multi-Fluid Dynamics (CMFD) codes have to take up many challenges, among others the ability of dealing with a variety of inclusion sizes. The classical two-fluid model allows simulating small spherical inclusions but is not able to compute large deformable inclusions. Thus, in this thesis, a new approach, called the multifield approach, is implementedin the CMFD code NEPTUNE_CFD, based on a two-fluid model. This approach includes an interface tracking method for large and deformable structures and takes into account turbulence and phase change effects.To simulate such complex flows with reasonable computational costs, the multifield approach considers separately the small spherical inclusions and the large deformable ones. Thus, the small spherical structures are defined as a dispersed field evolving in a continuous carrier field, as usually done in the two-fluid model. The large deformable bubbles are considered as interfaces between two continuous phases treated as two different fields in the two-fluid model. In the example of a two-phase flow with water and air bubbles of different sizes, three fields are defined: a continuous liquid field, a continuous gas field and a dispersed gas field containing the small spherical bubbles. However, the accurate simulation of interfaces between the two continuous fields within the two-fluid model requires specific treatments to couple the two fields at the interface and to limit the interface smearing.After improving the interface simulation in laminar flows, turbulence effects are investigated. An a priori Large Eddy Simulation (LES) study is performed to identify the predominant subgrid terms and to compare different availableturbulence models. The implementation and validation of the most suitable model is proposed. Phase change interfaces are then explored with the development of a specific model for the mass transfer term. Finally, three fields simulations are performed. New criteria are defined for the breakup of the large deformable inclusions into small spherical bubbles and for the coalescence of the latter forming large deformable bubbles.Validation at each step of the models implementations are presented using analytical and experimental data to ensure that the physical phenomena are well predicted. Test cases in industrial configurations are finally performed to show the ability of the developed approach to deal with complex flows
Levieil, Bruno. "Prise en compte des contraintes résiduelles dans le dimensionnement en fatigue oligocyclique par des méthodes simplifiées." Thesis, Brest, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BRES0070/document.
Full textResidual stresses are inherent to the manufacturing processes and can have a strong effect on the fatigue life of structures. Therefore, they shall be taken into account in fatigue design. In this PhD thesis, a fast design method is developed to take residual stresses into account in low cycle fatigue, either under tensile or compressive loadings. The main idea is to calculate analytically the stabilised stress-strain curve, at the critical point, by using a simplified method for confined plasticity. This method is based on a localisation law that extends energetic methods like Neuber to general multiaxial stress states. The localization law links the applied load to the local load at the critical point. It has to be identified on a finite element analysis of the structure under monotonic load. For this purpose, the elasto-plastic behaviour of the material is characterised from one single tensile test with loadings-unloadings. The behaviour law, identified sequentially, includes isotropic and kinematic hardenings with thresholds. This improves the stabilised mean stress prediction, which is used in the proposed fatigue criterion to represent the influence of the load ratio on the fatigue life. This criterion is identified on purely alternated tests (Rε=-1), and then validated under various tensile load ratios (Rε>-1) as well as compressive load ratios (Rε<-1). The methodology is validated on plate specimens with two semi-circular notches, which initially present different residual stresses states. The experimental evolution of local stresses during cyclic compressive (Rσ=-∞) and tensile (Rσ=0) repeated applied loads have been studied experimentally and compared to the numerical and analytical predictions. The same work has been achieved on the fatigue lives predictions. It shows that a slight conservatism, independent from the load ratio and the initial state, is obtained. Finally, an application of the method on T-Joints is realised to enlarge the scope of the method
Schenk, Kathleen Ketring. "Active Suffering: An Examination of Spinoza's Approach to Tristita." Scholar Commons, 2017. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6756.
Full textThiebaut, Lonjaret Lucie. "Approche surfacique en IRM fonctionnelle cérébrale : projection corticale par résolution d'un problème inverse." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0627.
Full textThis thesis deals with cerebral functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Until now, fMRI is mainly used in the field of neurosciences as a tool to understand cognitive processes and the links between anatomy and function. However, fMRI use is limited compared to the perspectives it offers. Indeed, three properties of the fMRI signal are problematic. First, this signal is not a direct representation of cerebral activities, thus resulting in a temporal blur that opposes the accurate localization of neuronal activities in time. Then, only the temporal variations of the fMRI signal can determine the presence or absence of those activities. Yet, those fluctuations are small compared to the overall signal and noise magnitudes. And last but not least, ambiguities related to spatial localization of cerebral activities are numerous and especially troublesome around the cortical ribbon due to its highly convoluted shape. Therefore, several approaches offer to study fMRI data onto the cortical surface. However, they all consider the problem as an interpolation one, neglecting the origin of the acquired signal of interest : the cortical ribbon. The original idea behind the work achieved in this thesis consists in posing the projection problem as an inverse problem to solve. This way we achieve both the surface-based projection and the recovering of the original cortical signal spatio-temporal properties
Mazars, Vincent. "Étude des endommagements sur CMC par une approche de modélisation micro-méso alimentée par des essais in situ." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0251/document.
Full textSiC/SiC composites display excellent thermomechanical properties at high temperatures. They appear as promising candidates to replace metallic alloys in hot parts of aircraft engines to reduce their environmental impact. Thus, to understand and to predict the onset of damage in such materials is critical. An integrated multi-scale approach is developed to construct numerical models that integrate the specificities of the material at the di↵erent relevant scales. This work is twofold : an experimental characterization of the damage, and finite element modeling at the microscopic and mesoscopic scales. In situ tensile tests are carried out under microscopes and X-ray micro-tomography (μCT). Images are analyzed to visualize and quantify the damage mechanisms at scales consistent with the numerical models. Based on these observations, damage calculations are performed at the microscopic scale to simulate the transverse yarns cracking. Virtual tests are then used to identify damage laws at the upper scale and to simulate the first cracks in 3D woven composites at the mesoscopic scale. Through these simulations, we highlight the links between the organization of the material at di↵erent scales and the initiation of the damages. Comparisons between experiments and calculations are finally performed. In particular, the predicted damage events are compared to those obtained experimentally on the same specimen during in situ μCT tensile tests