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1

Santillan, Alfredo A., Jeffrey M. Farma, Kenneth L. Meredith, Nilay R. Shah, and Scott T. Kelley. "Minimally Invasive Surgery for Esophageal Cancer." Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network 6, no. 9 (October 2008): 879–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.6004/jnccn.2008.0066.

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Esophageal cancer represents a major public health problem worldwide. Several minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) techniques have been described and represent a safe alternative for the surgical management of esophageal cancer in selected centers with high volume and expertise in them. This article reviews the most recent and largest series evaluating MIE techniques. Recent larger series have shown MIE to be equivalent in postoperative morbidity and mortality rates to conventional surgery. MIE has been associated with less blood loss, less postoperative pain, and decreased intensive care unit and hospital length of stay compared with conventional surgery. Despite limited data, conventional surgery and MIE have shown no significant difference in survival, stage for stage. The myriad of MIE techniques complicates the debate of defining the optimal surgical approach for treating esophageal cancer. Randomized controlled trials comparing MIE with conventional open esophagectomy are needed to clarify the ideal procedure with the lowest postoperative morbidity, best quality of life after surgery, and long-term survival.
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2

Lee, Jang-Ming, Sunn-Mao Yang, and Pei-Ming Huang. "PS02.023: SINGLE-INCISION MINIMALLY INVASIVE ESOPHAGECTOMY FOR TREATING ESOPHAGEAL CANCER." Diseases of the Esophagus 31, Supplement_1 (September 1, 2018): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/dote/doy089.ps02.023.

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Abstract Background Single-incision throacoscopic and laparoscopic procedure has been applied to treating various diseases. In the current study, we applied this novel surgical technique in the minimally invasive esophagectomy for esophageal cancer. Methods Minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) with single-port approach in the thoracoscopic and laparoscopic procedures was attempted for patients with esophageal cancer. Patients with esophageal cancer who underwent MIE from 2006 to 2016 were evaluated. A 3–4 cm incision was created both in the thoracoscopic and the laparoscopic phases during the single-incision MIE procedures. A propensity-matched comparison was made between the two groups of patients with single-incision and multi-incision MIE. Results We analyzed a total of 48 pairs of patients with propensity-matched from the cohort of 360 patients undergoing MIE during 2006–2015. There were 12 patients having postoperative complications (25%), including 4 (8.3%) of anastomotic leakage one (2.1%) of pulmonary complications and 3 (6.3%) with vocal cord palsy in the patients undergoing single-incision MIE (SIMIE). There is no statistical difference in terms of postoperative ICU and hospital stay, number of dissected lymph nodes and presence of major surgical complications (anastomotic leakage and pulmonary complications) between the two groups of patients. The pain score one week after surgery was significantly lower in the single-incision group (P < 0.05). There was no surgical mortality in the single-incision MIE group. Conclusion Minimally invasive esophogectomy performed with a single-incision approach is feasible for treating patients with esophageal cancer, with a comparable perioperative outcome with that of multi-incision approaches. The postoperative pain one week after surgery was significantly reduced in patients undergoing single-incision MIE. Disclosure All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
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3

Kingma, Berend, Els Visser, Marije Marsman, Jelle Ruurda, and Richard Van Hillegersberg. "PS01.123: EPIDURAL ANALGESIA AFTER MINIMALLY INVASIVE ESOPHAGECTOMY: EFFICACY AND COMPLICATION PROFILE." Diseases of the Esophagus 31, Supplement_1 (September 1, 2018): 84–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/dote/doy089.ps01.123.

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Abstract Background Adequate postoperative pain management is essential to facilitate uneventful recovery after esophagectomy. Although epidural analgesia is the gold standard, it is not satisfactory in all patients. The aim of this study was to describe the efficacy and complication profile of epidural analgesia after minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE). Methods A total of 108 patients who underwent a robot-assisted (McKeown) MIE for esophageal cancer were included from a single center prospective database (2012–2015). The number of patients that could receive epidural analgesia, the sensory block range per day, the number of epidural top-ups, the need for escape pain mediation (i.e. intravenous opioids), the highest pain score per day (numeric rating scale, 0–10), and epidural-related complications were assessed until postoperative day (POD) 4. Results Epidural catheter placement was achieved in 101 patients (94%). A complete sensory block was found in 49% (POD1), 42% (POD 2), 20% (POD3), and 30% (POD4) of patients. An epidural top-up was performed in 26 patients (24%), which was successful in 22 patients. Escape pain medication in the form of intravenous opioids were given at least once in 49 out of 108 patients (45%) on POD 1, 2, 3, or 4. Overall median highest pain scores on the corresponding days were 2.0 (range 0–10), 3.5 (range 0–9), 3.0 (range 0–8), and 4.0 (range 0–9). Epidural related complications occurred in 20 patients (19%) and included catheter problems (n = 11), hypotension (n = 6), bradypnea (n = 2), and reversible tingling in the legs (n = 1). Conclusion In conclusion, epidural analgesia is insufficient and escape pain medication is necessary in nearly half of patients undergoing MIE. Disclosure All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
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4

Jakhmola, C. K., Vikram Trehan, and S. Santosh Kumar. "Minimally invasive esophagectomy for carcinoma esophagus- outcome of surgical management: a single centre experience." International Surgery Journal 5, no. 4 (March 23, 2018): 1469. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20181132.

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Background: Minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) has shown an increasing trend, especially in the last decade, in the management of esophageal malignancy. The aim of the present study was to present a cohort of patients who underwent MIE between June 2008 to June 2016 at a single tertiary care centre.Methods: A total of 103 esophagectomies were performed for esophageal malignancy which included 69 patients by minimally invasive technique. The procedure was performed by thoracoscopic mobilization of esophagus initially followed by reconstruction part done by either by minilaparotomy or by laparoscopic approach i.e. total thoracolaparoscopic esophagectomy (TLE).Results: The MIE was successfully completed in 65 (94.2%) patients. Operative time ranged from 275 to 420 min (average 356 min). The number of dissected lymph nodes were 5–15 (9 on average). The postoperative period was uneventful - without any complications in 36 (52.17%) patients. The most common postoperative complications were respiratory complications which were observed in 22 (31.88%) patients. Other complications included post-operative bowel obstruction (1 patient), anastomotic leak (4 patients), and necrosis of the gastroplasty (1 patient). One patient had chyle leak while cardiac complication was seen in three cases. The overall morbidity of patients underwent MIE was 47.8%. Thirty-day mortality was 5.79%.Conclusions: Esophagectomy performed by minimally invasive technique is a widely accepted surgical procedure for patients with middle and lower esophageal malignancy. The biggest benefit of MIE is avoidance of thoracotomy / laparotomy associated pain with resultant decrease in morbidity. The success of MIE requires a dedicated surgical team well trained in both MIE as well as in open surgical procedure.
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5

du Mazaubrun, Hélène. "Un visage en mie de pain : une drôle de madeleine de Proust." Hommes & migrations, no. 1298 (July 1, 2012): 134–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/hommesmigrations.1588.

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6

Kortgen, A., U. Janneck, A. Vetsch, and M. Bauer. "Meth�moglobin�mie durch Prilocain nach Plexusan�sthesien." Der Anaesthesist 52, no. 11 (November 1, 2003): 1020–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00101-003-0594-8.

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7

Rudlof, B., D. Durstewitz-Knierim, I. Ridderskamp, C. Scharenberg, and L. Brandt. "Verst�rkung der prilocaininduzierten Meth�moglobin�mie durch Narkoseeinleitung?" Der Anaesthesist 44, no. 6 (June 1, 1995): 445–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001010050175.

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Rudlof, B., R. Lampert, and L. Brandt. "Untersuchungen zum Einsatz der Pulsoxymetrie bei prilocaininduzierter Meth�moglobin�mie." Der Anaesthesist 44, no. 12 (December 1, 1995): 887–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001010050228.

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9

Zielmann, S., F. Mielck, A. T. Roth, R. L�dtke, M. Sydow, M. Oellerich, and H. Burchardi. "Die Bestimmung von Gesamteiwei� eignet sich nicht zur Diagnose der therapiebed�rftigen Hypoalbumin�mie bei Intensivpatienten." Der Anaesthesist 44, no. 10 (October 1, 1995): 700–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001010050204.

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10

Bossou, Théodoric K. "Caractéristiques de production et de sécurité sanitaire du pain - Une revue." European Scientific Journal ESJ 18, no. 8 (February 28, 2022): 129–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2022.v18n8p129.

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Le pain est un élément essentiel dans l’alimentation des hommes depuis des milliers d’années, et certainement plus ; de nos jours ; où les aliments transportables, prêts à consommer, sont omniprésents dans nos habitudes alimentaires. Il est fait essentiellement de farine de blé, de sel, de sucre, d’arômes et d’autres intrants optionnels comme les améliorants. Certains commerçants véreux utiliseraient des produits peu recommandables à la consommation pour accroitre leur gain. Le bromate de potassium est souvent cité parmi ces améliorants indésirables. La présente étude avait pour objectif principal de comprendre le processus de production des pains à base de farine de blé, notamment les risques les avantages qu’ils comportent et à quel niveau. C’est une étude qualitative descriptive basée sur l’exploitation de documents existant sur le pain, et qui a abouti au fait que ce produit alimentaire de base a traversé les époques sans jamais vraiment changer de recette : farine, eau, sel et levure. La matière première de base, la farine de blé, importée par de nombreux pays comme le Bénin ; se distingue par son niveau de polissage, et donc sa teneur en cendres. Ces farines de blé sont riches en matières minérales mais pauvres en matières organiques. Le pain est le résultat de la cuisson de la pâte pétrie et fermentée Le processus de panification est structuré en une succession d’opérations unitaires que sont le pétrissage, le pointage, le pétrissage, le formage, l’apprêt, entrecoupées de phases "passives" que sont la fermentation et enfin la cuisson. La cuisson consiste à fixer la structure de la pâte, préalablement établie au cours du pétrissage et la fermentation, par son exposition à une haute température (généralement 250°C). Au cours de l’étape de la cuisson, une série de transformations physiques, chimiques et biochimiques se produisent simultanément aboutissant au pain. Mais, les procédés de fabrication peuvent engendrer des défauts touchant l’aspect extérieur, le volume, l'aspect de la mie, l’odeur et la saveur. Par rapport à la qualité sanitaire, l’étude a montré que le pain peut contenir des micro-organismes divers et des substances chimiques qui le rendraient nocif au consommateur. Les circuits de transport et de manipulation qui caractérisent la chaîne de vente sont moins rassurants. En somme, le choix du pain devient de plus en plus difficile en raison des craintes de risques sanitaires pour les consommateurs que suscitent les pratiques de malfaçon dans les boulangeries et la qualité de la chaine de distribution et ce, malgré les règlementations qui régissent le secteur.
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11

Ryjik, Kyril. "Pour finir le millénaire. Notule sur une date et une datation. Lettre pour le Grand Livre de la Vie de La Mie de Pain." Cahiers critiques de philosophie 23, no. 1 (September 7, 2020): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/ccp.023.0095.

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12

Aranda, Mauricio. "De l’asile de nuit à l’urgence sociale. Professionnalisation et rationalisation en tension du caritatif dans l’action publique : La Mie de Pain (décennies 1980-2010)." Revue française des affaires sociales, no. 1 (April 24, 2023): 183–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rfas.231.0183.

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13

Shahin, Ali, Moustafa Sayem El-Daher, and Wesam Bachir. "Determination of the optical properties of Intralipid 20% over a broadband spectrum." Photonics Letters of Poland 10, no. 4 (December 31, 2018): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.4302/plp.v10i4.843.

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The aim of this study is to characterize the optical properties of Intralipid20% using two methods modified Kubelka-Munk model and Mie theory and to test the applicability of a modified Kubelka-Munk model with a single integrating sphere system over a wide wavelength range 470 – 725nm. Scattering coefficients which estimated by these two methods were matched and the absorption effect was observed and quantified. Finally, the imaginary part of the refractive index was estimated besides scattering, absorption and anisotropy coefficients. Full Text: PDF ReferencesB.W. Pogue, and M.S. Patterson, "Review of tissue simulating phantoms for optical spectroscopy, imaging and dosimetry", J. Biomed. Opt. 11, 4(2006). CrossRef J. Hwang, C. Ramella-Roman, and R. Nordstrom, "Introduction: Feature Issue on Phantoms for the Performance Evaluation and Validation of Optical Medical Imaging Devices", Biomed. Opt. Express. 3, 6(2012). CrossRef P. Ninni, F. Martelli, and G. Zaccanti, "Intralipid: towards a diffusive reference standard for optical tissue phantoms", Phys. Med. Biol 56, 2(2011). CrossRef S. Flock, S. Jacques, B. Wilson, W. Star, and J.C. van Gemert, "Optical properties of intralipid: A phantom medium for light propagation studies", Lasers. Surg. Med 4, 12(1992). CrossRef R. Michels, F. Foschum, and A. Kienle, "Optical properties of fat emulsions", Opt. Express. 16, 8(2008). CrossRef L. Spinelli et al. "Calibration of scattering and absorption properties of a liquid diffusive medium at NIR wavelengths. Time-resolved method", Opt. Express. 15, 11(2007). CrossRef L. Spinelli et al. "Determination of reference values for optical properties of liquid phantoms based on Intralipid and India ink", Biomed. Opt. Express. 5, 7(2014). CrossRef H. van Staveren, C. Moes, J. van Marle, S. Prahl, and J. van Gemert, "Light scattering in lntralipid-10% in the wavelength range of 400–1100 nm", Appl. Opt. 30, 31(1991). CrossRef B. Wilson, M. Patterson, and S. Flock, "Indirect versus direct techniques for the measurement of the optical properties of tissues", Photochem. Photobiol. 46, 5(1987). CrossRef H. Soleimanzad, H. Gurden, and F. Pain, "Optical properties of mice skull bone in the 455- to 705-nm range", J. Biomed. Opt. 22, 1(2017). CrossRef C. Holmer et al. "Optical properties of adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction", J. Biomed. Opt. 12, 1(2007). CrossRef S. Thennadil, "Relationship between the Kubelka–Munk scattering and radiative transfer coefficients", OSA. 25, 7(2008). CrossRef L. Yang, and B. Kruse, "Qualifying the arguments used in the derivation of the revised Kubelka–Munk theory: reply", OSA. 21, 10(2004). CrossRef W. Vargas, and G. Niklasson, "Applicability conditions of the Kubelka–Munk theory", Appl. Opt. 36, 22(1997). CrossRef A. Krainov, A. Mokeeva, E. Segeeva, P. Agrba, and M. Kirillin, "Optical properties of mouse biotissues and their optical phantoms", Opt. Spec. 115, 2(2013). CrossRef H.C. van de Hulst, Light Scattering by Small Particles. (New York, Dover Publication 1981). CrossRef C. Matzler, Matlab Functions for Mie Scattering and Absorption. (Bern, Bern university 2002). DirectLink C. Matzler, Matlab Functions for Mie Scattering and Absorption, version 2 (Bern, Bern university 2002). DirectLink G. Segelstein, The complex refractive index of water [dissertation]. (Kansas, university of Missouri-Kansas city 1981). DirectLink A. Shahin, and W. Bachir, Pol. J. Med. Phys. Eng. 21, 4(2017). CrossRef
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14

Eo, Su-Ju, and Yea-Hyun Leem. "Effects of exercise intensity on the reactive astrocyte polarization in the medial prefrontal cortex." Physical Activity and Nutrition 27, no. 2 (June 30, 2023): 019–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.20463/pan.2023.0014.

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[Purpose] Physical exercise contributes to neuroplasticity by promoting cognitive functions, such as learning and memory. The astrocytic phenotype is closely associated with synaptic plasticity. This study aimed to determine whether astrocyte polarization and synaptic alterations in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) are affected differently by high- and moderate-intensity exercise.[Methods] Mice were subjected to moderate-(MIE) and high-intensity treadmill running (HIE). Memory capacity was assessed using the novel object recognition and modified Y-maze tests. For immunohistochemistry, c-Fos-positive cells were counted in the mPFC. Using western blot analysis, astrocyte phenotype markers were quantified in whole-cell lysates, and synaptic molecules were determined in the synaptosomal fraction.[Results] Exercise lengthened the approach time to novel objects regardless of intensity in the NOR test, whereas MIE only improved spatial memory. Exercise induced c-Fos expression in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and c-Fos-positive cells were higher in MIE than in HIE in the ACC area. In the prelimbic/infralimbic cortex region, the number of c-Fos-positive cells were enhanced in MIE and decreased in HIE mice. The A1 astrocyte marker (C3) was increased in HIE mice, while the A2 astrocyte markers were enhanced in exercised mice, regardless of the intensity. In the synaptosomal fraction, synaptic proteins were elevated by exercise regardless of intensity.[Conclusion] These results suggest that exercise intensity affects neuronal plasticity by modulating the reactive state of astrocytes in the mPFC.
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15

Herman, William. "Pain." Missouri Review 20, no. 2 (1997): 20–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mis.1997.0001.

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16

Bilgere, George. "Pain." Missouri Review 24, no. 3 (2001): 63–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mis.2001.0145.

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17

MGM, Castor. "Cannabidiol Decreases Neuropathic Pain in Mice by Release of Opioid Peptides." Advances in Pharmacology and Clinical Trials 8, no. 4 (October 10, 2023): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/apct-16000223.

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Background: More than 100 phytocannabinoids have already been identified present in varying percentages of composition in the various plants of the genus Cannabis, including cannabidiol (CBD). Some evidences have demonstrated the effectiveness of CBD in treating neuropathic pain. We evaluated the participation of the opioid system in peripheral antinociception induced by the administration of CBD in the face of neuropathic pain induced by constriction of the sciatic nerve. Methods: Neuropathic pain was induced with the constriction of the sciatic nerve while the nociceptive threshold was measured using the pressure test of the mice paw. All drugs were administered by intraplantar injections in the right hind paw of mice. Results: Bestatin, an inhibitor of the enzyme aminopeptidase N, which degrades opioid peptides, potentiated the antinociceptive effect of the lowest administered dose of CBD (5 μg/paw). The antinociceptive effect of CBD was reversed by the administration of naloxone, a non-selective antagonist for opioid receptor. The selective antagonist for μ opioid receptor, clocinnamox, reversed the antinociceptive effect of CBD. Naltrindole, a selective antagonist for δ opioid receptors, and nor-binaltorphymine, a selective antagonist for κ opioid receptors, partially reversed the antinociception induced by CBD. Conclusions: Our data suggest the participation of the opioid system in CBD-induced peripheral antinociception in the model of neuropathic pain induced by sciatic nerve constriction in mice. Keywords: Cannabidiol; Neuropathic Pain; Peripheral Antinociception; Opioid System
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18

Silva, M. Denika C., Diana M. Perriman, Angela M. Fearon, Jacqui M. Couldrick, and Jennie M. Scarvell. "Minimal important change and difference for knee osteoarthritis outcome measurement tools after non-surgical interventions: a systematic review." BMJ Open 13, no. 5 (May 2023): e063026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-063026.

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ObjectivesTo systematically review and provide estimates of the minimal important change (MIC) and difference (MID) for outcome tools in people with knee osteoarthritis (OA) after non-surgical interventions.DesignA systematic review.Data sourcesMEDLINE, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane databases were searched up to 21 September 2021.Eligibility criteriaWe included studies that calculated MIC and MID using any calculation method including anchor, consensus and distribution methods, for any knee OA outcome tool after non-surgical interventions.Data extraction and synthesisWe extracted reported MIC, MID and minimum detectable change (MDC) estimates. We used quality assessment tools appropriate to the studies’ methods to screen out low-quality studies. Values were combined to produce a median and range, for each method.ResultsForty-eight studies were eligible (anchor-k=12, consensus-k=1 and distribution-k=35). MIC values for 13 outcome tools including Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS)-pain, activities of daily living (ADL), quality of life (QOL) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC)-function were estimated using 5 high-quality anchor studies. MID values for 23 tools including KOOS-pain, ADL, QOL and WOMAC-function, stiffness and total were estimated using 6 high-quality anchor studies. One moderate quality consensus study reported MIC for pain, function and global assessment. MDC values from distribution method estimates for 126 tools including KOOS-QOL and WOMAC-total were estimated using 38 good-to-fair-quality studies.ConclusionMedian MIC, MID and MDC estimates were reported for outcome tools in people with knee OA after non-surgical interventions. The results of this review clarify the current understanding of MIC, MID and MDC in the knee OA population. However, some estimates suggest considerable heterogeneity and require careful interpretation.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020215952.
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19

Berg, Stephen. "The Unknown Pain: Matos." Missouri Review 13, no. 2 (1990): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mis.1990.0069.

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20

Galimberti, Giulia, Giada Amodeo, Giulia Magni, Benedetta Riboldi, Gianfranco Balboni, Valentina Onnis, Stefania Ceruti, Paola Sacerdote, and Silvia Franchi. "Prokineticin System Is a Pharmacological Target to Counteract Pain and Its Comorbid Mood Alterations in an Osteoarthritis Murine Model." Cells 12, no. 18 (September 12, 2023): 2255. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12182255.

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Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent joint disease associated with chronic pain. OA pain is often accompanied by mood disorders. We addressed the role of the Prokineticin (PK) system in pain and mood alterations in a mice OA model induced with monosodium iodoacetate (MIA). The effect of a PK antagonist (PC1) was compared to that of diclofenac. C57BL/6J male mice injected with MIA in the knee joint were characterized by allodynia, motor deficits, and fatigue. Twenty-eight days after MIA, in the knee joint, we measured high mRNA of PK2 and its receptor PKR1, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and MMP13. At the same time, in the sciatic nerve and spinal cord, we found increased levels of PK2, PKR1, IL-1β, and IL-6. These changes were in the presence of high GFAP and CD11b mRNA in the sciatic nerve and GFAP in the spinal cord. OA mice were also characterized by anxiety, depression, and neuroinflammation in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. In both stations, we found increased pro-inflammatory cytokines. In addition, PK upregulation and reactive astrogliosis in the hippocampus and microglia reactivity in the prefrontal cortex were detected. PC1 reduced joint inflammation and neuroinflammation in PNS and CNS and counteracted OA pain and emotional disturbances.
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Kawasaki, Shiori, Masahide Fujita, Isamu Nanchi, Sunao Imai, Yasuhide Morioka, and Toshiyuki Asaki. "Analgesic effect of TRPV4 blockade on bladder pain in chronic cystitis mice." PAIN RESEARCH 34, no. 3 (September 20, 2019): 240–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.11154/pain.34.240.

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Coates, Matthew D., Mayank Lahoti, David G. Binion, Eva M. Szigethy, Miguel D. Regueiro, and Klaus Bielefeldt. "Abdominal Pain in Ulcerative Colitis." Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 19, no. 10 (September 2013): 2207–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mib.0b013e31829614c6.

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Byers, Michael. "Ingenious Pain (review)." Missouri Review 20, no. 2 (1997): 212–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mis.1997.0104.

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Hagiwara, Kouichi, Hiroshi Nojima, and Yasushi Kuraishi. "Serotonin-induced Biting of the Hind Paw is Itch-related Response in Mice." PAIN RESEARCH 14, no. 2 (1999): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.11154/pain.14.53.

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Minami, Toshiaki, Rumiko Uda, Shigeko Horiguchi, Seiji Ito, Masayoshi Hyodo, and Osamu Hayaishi. "Effects of Clonidine and Baclofen on Prostaglandin F2α- induced Allodynia in Conscious Mice." PAIN RESEARCH 7, no. 2 (1992): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.11154/pain.7.129.

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Minami, Toshiaki, Masato Sakai, Naoki Hara, Masahiko Onaka, Hidemaro Mori, and Seiji Ito. "Nitric Oxide Mediates Hyperalgesia Induced by Intrathecal Administration of Prostaglandin E2 in Conscious Mice." PAIN RESEARCH 11, no. 2 (1996): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.11154/pain.11.63.

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Ueda, Hiroshi, and Ryusei Iwamoto. "Involvement of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) in tPA–induced central post stroke pain (CPSP) in mice." PAIN RESEARCH 33, no. 4 (December 28, 2018): 269–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.11154/pain.33.269.

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Kawamura, Shunsuke, Motoaki Takayanagi, Chizuko Watanabe, Ryuichiro Ando, Akihiko Yonezawa, and Shinobu Sakurada. "Effects of Cholecystokinin on Substance P, Neurokinin A and Neurokinin B-induced Aversive Behaviour in Mice." PAIN RESEARCH 13, no. 2 (1998): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.11154/pain.13.65.

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Zhang, Hong Wei, Takashi Sasamura, Yuko Iida, Hiroshi Nojima, Jun Murata, Ikuo Saiki, and Yasushi Kuraishi. "Algogenic Effects of the Extract of the Tumor Mass Isolated from Mice with Orthotopic Melanoma Inoculation." PAIN RESEARCH 16, no. 2 (2001): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.11154/pain.16.43.

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Servodidio, C. "Identifying pain in the hospice patient." Insight - the Journal of the American Society of Ophthalmic Registered Nurses 26, no. 1 (January 2001): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/min.2001.113200.

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31

Morrison, Graham, D. R. Van Langenberg, S. J. Gibson, and P. R. Gibson. "Chronic Pain in Inflammatory Bowel Disease." Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 19, no. 6 (May 2013): 1210–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mib.0b013e318280e729.

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32

Looney, George. "Prayer and the Pain of Backs." Missouri Review 21, no. 1 (1998): 162–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mis.1998.0066.

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33

Takahashi, Masakatsu, Hiroko Fukunaga, Kaoru Nakao, and Hiroshi Kaneto. "Effects of µ Opioid Receptor Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotide on the Production of Footshock Stress-induced Analgesia in Mice." PAIN RESEARCH 11, no. 2 (1996): 97–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.11154/pain.11.97.

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34

Kami, Katsuya, Satoru Taguchi, Fumihiro Tajima, and Emiko Senba. "Mechanisms and effects of forced and voluntary exercises on exercise-induced hypoalgesia in neuropathic pain model mice." PAIN RESEARCH 30, no. 4 (2015): 216–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.11154/pain.30.216.

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35

Habuchi, Hiroko, Masashi Izumi, Junpei Dan, Takahiro Ushida, Masahiko Ikeuchi, Kosei Takeuchi, and Osami Habuchi. "Bone marrow derived mast cells injected into the osteoarthritic knee joints of mice induced by sodium monoiodoacetate enhanced spontaneous pain through activation of PAR2 and action of extracellular ATP." PLOS ONE 16, no. 6 (June 4, 2021): e0252590. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252590.

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Conditions that resemble osteoarthritis (OA) were produced by injection of sodium monoiodoacetate (MIA) into the knee joints of mice. Bone marrow derived mast cells (BMMCs) injected into the OA knee joints enhanced spontaneous pain. Since no spontaneous pain was observed when BMMCs were injected into the knee joints of control mice that had not been treated with MIA, BMMCs should be activated within the OA knee joints and release some pain-inducible factors. Protease activated receptor-2 (PAR2) antagonist (FSLLRY-NH2) almost abolished the pain-enhancing effects of BMMCs injected into the OA knee joints, suggesting that tryptase, a mast cell protease that is capable of activating PAR2, should be released from the injected BMMCs and enhance pain through activation of PAR2. When PAR2 agonist (SLIGKV-NH2) instead of BMMCs was injected into the OA knee joints, it was also enhanced pain. Apyrase, an ATP degrading enzyme, injected into the OA knee joints before BMMCs suppressed the pain enhanced by BMMCs. We showed that purinoceptors (P2X4 and P2X7) were expressed in BMMCs and that extracellular ATP stimulated the release of tryptase from BMMCs. These observations suggest that ATP may stimulate degranulation of BMMCs and thereby enhanced pain. BMMCs injected into the OA knee joints stimulated expression of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, CCL2, and MMP9 genes in the infrapatellar fat pads, and PAR2 antagonist suppressed the stimulatory effects of BMMCs. Our study suggests that intermittent pain frequently observed in OA knee joints may be due, at least partly, to mast cells through activation of PAR2 and action of ATP, and that intraarticular injection of BMMCs into the OA knee joints may provide a useful experimental system for investigating molecular mechanisms by which pain is induced in OA knee joints.
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36

Li, Feng, Zhongao Bi, Hongzeng Xu, Yunqi Shi, Na Duan, and Zhaoyu Li. "Design and implementation of a smart Internet of Things chest pain center based on deep learning." Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering 20, no. 10 (2023): 18987–9011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/mbe.2023840.

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<abstract><p>The data input process for most chest pain centers is not intelligent, requiring a lot of staff to manually input patient information. This leads to problems such as long processing times, high potential for errors, an inability to access patient data in a timely manner and an increasing workload. To address the challenge, an Internet of Things (IoT)-driven chest pain center is designed, which crosses the sensing layer, network layer and application layer. The system enables the construction of intelligent chest pain management through a pre-hospital app, Ultra-Wideband (UWB) positioning, and in-hospital treatment. The pre-hospital app is provided to emergency medical services (EMS) centers, which allows them to record patient information in advance and keep it synchronized with the hospital's database, reducing the time needed for treatment. UWB positioning obtains the patient's hospital information through the zero-dimensional base station and the corresponding calculation engine, and in-hospital treatment involves automatic acquisition of patient information through web and mobile applications. The system also introduces the Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM)-Conditional Random Field (CRF)-based algorithm to train electronic medical record information for chest pain patients, extracting the patient's chest pain clinical symptoms. The resulting data are saved in the chest pain patient database and uploaded to the national chest pain center. The system has been used in Liaoning Provincial People's Hospital, and its subsequent assistance to doctors and nurses in collaborative treatment, data feedback and analysis is of great significance.</p></abstract>
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37

Ohsawa, Masahiro, Megumi Asato, Hiroki Abe, and Junzo Kamei. "Changes in the expression of voltage-gated sodium channel alpha subunit in the dorsal root ganlion of diabetic mice." PAIN RESEARCH 25, no. 1 (2010): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.11154/pain.25.9.

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38

Kalloo, Anthony N. "Overview of differential diagnoses of abdominal pain." Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 56, no. 6B (December 2002): S255—S257. http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mge.2002.129004.

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39

Ahmad, Amin. "After Great Pain a Formal Feeling Comes." Missouri Review 34, no. 2 (2011): 10–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mis.2011.0043.

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40

Boey, Christopher Chiong Meng, Khean-Lee Goh, Eric Hassall, and Margret Magid. "Endoscopy in children with recurrent abdominal pain." Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 53, no. 1 (January 2001): 142–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mge.2001.111034.

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41

Nakama-Kitamura, Mototaka, and Yoshihisa Kitamura. "The influence of fentanyl, fluvoxamine, and preferred olfactory stimuli on a novel conditioned nociceptive response in mice: a neuro-psycho-behavioral study." PAIN RESEARCH 27, no. 3 (2012): 153–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.11154/pain.27.153.

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42

Jordan;, E. G., and J. S. Mogil. "Mice, Pain, and Empathy." Science 314, no. 5797 (October 13, 2006): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.314.5797.253.

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43

Srinath, Arvind, Erin Young, and Eva Szigethy. "Pain Management in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease." Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 20, no. 12 (December 2014): 2433–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mib.0000000000000170.

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44

Somers, Evelyn. "Regarding the Pain of Others (review)." Missouri Review 26, no. 1 (2003): 182–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mis.2003.0124.

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45

Armstrong, Mary. "The Pail." Missouri Review 26, no. 1 (2003): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mis.2003.0096.

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46

Deberry, Jennifer J., Klaus Bielefeldt, Brian M. Davis, Eva M. Szigethy, Douglas J. Hartman, and Matthew D. Coates. "Abdominal Pain and the Neurotrophic System in Ulcerative Colitis." Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 20, no. 12 (December 2014): 2330–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mib.0000000000000207.

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47

Bilgere, George. "Eden, and: Waiting, and: Nectarines, and: Anywhere, and: Pain." Missouri Review 24, no. 3 (2001): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mis.2001.0086.

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48

NINDIA, LISTARMI, and MUHAIMIN MUHAIMIN. "INVESTIGATING THE ANALGESIC ACTIVITY OF JERUJU LEAF INFUSION (ACANTHUS ILICIFOLIUS L.) ON MALE WHITE MICE (MUS MUSCULUS)." International Journal of Prevention Practice and Research 03, no. 01 (January 1, 2023): 01–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.55640/medscience-abcd618.

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This study investigates the analgesic activity of Jeruju leaf infusion (Acanthus ilicifolius L.) on male white mice (Mus musculus). Acanthus ilicifolius, commonly known as Jeruju, has been traditionally employed for its potential therapeutic properties, including pain relief. The experiment involved administering varying concentrations of Jeruju leaf infusion to the experimental group, while the control group received a placebo. The analgesic effect was assessed using standard pain-inducing stimuli, and the responses were recorded and analyzed. Preliminary findings suggest a dose-dependent response in the experimental group, indicating a potential analgesic effect of Jeruju leaf infusion. The results were statistically significant, demonstrating a reduction in pain responses compared to the control group. Further investigation into the underlying mechanisms and active compounds responsible for the observed analgesic activity is warranted. This study contributes to the growing body of research exploring natural remedies for pain management. The potential analgesic properties of Jeruju leaf infusion highlight its promising role in traditional medicine. Future studies could delve deeper into the pharmacological aspects, dosage optimization, and long-term effects of Acanthus ilicifolius L. in managing pain. The findings may have implications for the development of novel analgesic agents derived from natural sources, offering alternative approaches to pain relief with potential clinical applications.
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49

Basso, Lilian, Jérôme Boué, Arnaud Bourreille, and Gilles Dietrich. "Endogenous Regulation of Inflammatory Pain by T-cell-derived Opioids." Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 20, no. 10 (October 2014): 1870–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mib.0000000000000073.

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50

Zimmerman, Lori A., Arvind I. Srinath, Alka Goyal, Athos Bousvaros, Peter Ducharme, Eva Szigethy, and Samuel Nurko. "The Overlap of Functional Abdominal Pain in Pediatric Crohn’s Disease." Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 19, no. 4 (March 2013): 826–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mib.0b013e3182802a0a.

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