Academic literature on the topic 'P-variate'
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Journal articles on the topic "P-variate"
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MUDHOLKAR, GOVIND S., MARIA McDERMOTT, and DEO KUMAR SRIVASTAVA. "A test of p-variate normality." Biometrika 79, no. 4 (1992): 850–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biomet/79.4.850.
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Mudholkar, Govind S., Deo Kumar Srivastava, and C. Thomas Lin. "Some p-variate adaptations of the shapiro-wilk test of normality." Communications in Statistics - Theory and Methods 24, no. 4 (January 1995): 953–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03610929508831533.
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Sobczyńska, Magdalena, Tadeusz Blicharski, and Mirosław Tyra. "A Canonical Correlation Analysis of Relationships Between Growth, Compositional Traits and Longevity, Lifetime Productivity and Efficiency in Polish Landrace Sows." Annals of Animal Science 14, no. 2 (April 1, 2014): 257–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2014-0006.
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Abstract Relationships between performance test traits (growth rate, backfat thickness, loin depth, lean meat percentage, exterior, phenotypic selection index) and longevity traits (length of productive life, number of litters, total number of weaned pigs, number of weaned piglets per year, number of litters per year) in Landrace sows were evaluated using canonical correlation analysis. The data set consisted of 23,012 purebred sows that farrowed from 1994 to 2011 in 161 herds. The first three canonical correlations (0.37, 0.25, 0.07) were highly significant (P<0.0001). Correlations of the first canonical variate with the original measured variables indicated that sows with high values for this variate had lower growth rate (r=-0.31) and loin depth (r=-0.43), greater backfat thickness (r=0.23), as well as being older at birth of their last litter (r=0.98). These sows also had a greater number of litters (r=0.94) and better lifetime efficiency (r=0.61 and r=0.70 for number of weaned piglets per year and number of litters per year, respectively). Canonical loadings for the second canonical function indicate that sows with high values for the second set of variates had high growth rate (r=0.79) and phenotypic selection index (r=0.83), excellent conformation (r=0.62), as well as better efficiency in pig production (r=0.67). The squared multiple correlations show that the first canonical variate of the performance traits is a poor predictor of longevity (0.13) and nearly useless for predicting efficiency traits (0.07). Performance test traits explain 11% of the variance in the variables of longevity and lifetime productivity, whereas dependent variables explain only 3% of the variance in performance test traits. The relationships between performance test data and subsequent lifetime productivity or longevity were significant and unfavourable but low for Polish Landrace population
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Agrawal, Purshottam Narain, Behar Baxhaku, and Rahul Shukla. "A new kind of Bi-variate $ \lambda $ -Bernstein-Kantorovich type operator with shifted knots and its associated GBS form." Mathematical Foundations of Computing 5, no. 3 (2022): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/mfc.2021025.
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<p style='text-indent:20px;'>In this paper, we introduce a bi-variate case of a new kind of <inline-formula><tex-math id="M1">\begin{document}$ \lambda $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>-Bernstein-Kantorovich type operator with shifted knots defined by Rahman et al. [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b31">31</xref>]. The rate of convergence of the bi-variate operators is obtained in terms of the complete and partial moduli of continuity. Next, we give an error estimate in the approximation of a function in the Lipschitz class and establish a Voronovskaja type theorem. Also, we define the associated GBS(Generalized Boolean Sum) operators and study the degree of approximation of Bögel continuous and Bögel differentiable functions by these operators with the aid of the mixed modulus of smoothness. Finally, we show the rate of convergence of the bi-variate operators and their GBS case for certain functions by illustrative graphics and tables using MATLAB algorithms.</p>
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Rohmah, Nur. "HUBUNGAN SIKAP DAN POLA KOMUNIKASI ORANG TUA DENGAN PERILAKU SEKS PRANIKAH PADA SISWA SMA DI KOTA SAMARINDA TAHUN 2015." KESMAS UWIGAMA: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat 2, no. 1 (June 4, 2018): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.24903/kujkm.v2i1.305.
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Base on various reports, stated that many teens already trapped in unhealthy reproductive behavior, including sexual behavior before marriage. Based on the survey results Indonesian Family Planning Association (IPPA) East Kalimantan in 2008. Of the 300 adolescents (aged 13-20 years) 12% of respondents claimed to have had sex. This study aims to determine the relationship Attitudes and Patterns of Communication With Parents with Premarital Sex Behavior in High School Students in Private Samarinda in 2010. This study is observational method "Cross Sectional Study". with a total sample of 102 students. Data were obtained from questionnaires answered. The analysis is the analysis of uni-variate and bi-variate with Chi Square Test. Uni- variate analysis of the data obtained from 102 respondents as much as 3% had sex should husband and wife, and 2% had had sex in the past month and 1% had had sex in a last month . Behavior different sexual risk among respondents as many as 17% of respondents which high risk behavior , and only 5% who do not have risky behaviors. Bi-variate analysis showed an association with the attitude of premarital sexual behavior p = 0.028 and no association with the communication patterns of premarital sexual behavior (p = 0061). This study is expected the cooperation between teachers and parents to provide education and knowledge about good reproductive health in order to fortify the attitude and behavior of Private High School Youth in Samarinda
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Asim, Muhammad, Malik Muhammad Sohail, and Yasir Nawaz Manj. "REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH ISSUES OF MOTHERS." Professional Medical Journal 22, no. 09 (September 10, 2015): 1164–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2015.22.09.1076.
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In Pakistan maternal mortality rate is very high as compared to other low incomecountries. Maternal mortality rate in Pakistan 260/100,000 is the highest in South Asia. Indeveloping countries one woman dies in sixteen from pregnancy related diseases. Objective:This study was aimed to explore reproductive health issues of mothers in Faisalabad. StudyDesign: A sample of 200 respondents was obtained from Faisalabad city through multistagesampling technique. Period: 2013-2014 Setting Area: Urban Area of district Faisalabad Materialand Method: Uni-variate (frequency distribution and percentage) and Bi-variate analysis (Chisquare and Gamma Statistics) was carried out. Results: It was found that antenatal andpostnatal care utilization services were poor. Majority of the respondents 79% got at least oneantenatal care service but only more than one third 34% got the four recommended checkupduring pregnancy. It was also investigated that only 60% women got postnatal visits andonly 18% deliveries took place at homes. Two third of the respondents 66% had the positiveattitude towards the contraceptive methods for birth spacing. The bi-variate analysis shows thatage (p=.003), education (p=.013), income (p=.001), type of family (p=.002) were significantlyassociated with the positive attitude towards the contraceptive for birth spacing.Conclusion:It is suggested that mothers should be aware of the importance of antenatal and postnatalrecommended visits to overcome the reproductive health issues through LHW’s visits massmedia compaigns and easy assess towards the health care centers.
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Yang, Sen, Xiaoshuai Zhang, Xiaojun Huang, Robert Peter Gale, and Qian Jiang. "A Predictive Score for Outcomes of Tyrosine Kinase-Inhibitor Therapy in Persons with Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia Presenting in Accelerated Phase." Blood 138, Supplement 1 (November 5, 2021): 636. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2021-149557.
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Abstract Background Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) presenting in accelerated phase (AP) is uncommon and there are few data on predictive co-variates for outcomes of tyrosine kinase-inhibitor (TKI)-therapy. Moreover, it is unknown which outcomes of TKI-therapy in these persons correlate with European LeukemiaNet (ELN) definitions of warning and failure which were developed in people in chronic phase or whether imatinib and 2 nd generation tyrosine kinase-inhibitors (TKIs) are equally effective. Objective Identify co-variates correlated with outcomes of TKI-therapy in persons with CML presenting in AP diagnosed by MD Anderson or World Health Organization (WHO) criteria and develop a predictive score. Determine which outcomes correlate with ELN criteria of warning and failure. Compare outcomes of initial therapy with imatinib versus 2 nd-generation TKIs. Methods We interrogated data from 312 and 334 consecutive subjects with CML presenting in AP and receiving imatinib or a 2 nd-generation TKI as initial therapy. Diagnosis of AP was based on widely-accepted MD Anderson or WHO criteria. Demographic, clinical and laboratory co-variates significantly correlated with outcomes were analyzed in a Cox multi-variable regression model. Propensity score matching was done to compare outcomes of initial therapy with imatinib versus a 2 nd generation TKIs. Results In the cohort defined by MD Anderson criteria there were 197 males (63%) with a median age of 41 years (Interquartile Range [IQR], 30 - 54 years). 106 subjects (34%) had ≥ 1 co-morbidities. Median haemoglobin concentration was 99 g/L (range, 40-176 g/L), WBC concentration, 138 x 10E+9/L (range, 3-797 x10E+9/L), platelet concentration, 450 x 10E+9/L (range, 11-4094 x10E+9/L) and percentage blood or bone marrow blasts (whichever was higher), 4% (range, 0-27%). Non-mutually exclusive criteria for classifying subjects as AP included: (1) 15-29% blasts (n = 22, 7%); (2) blood basophils ≥ 20% (n = 184, 59%); (3) platelets < 100 × 10E+9/L unrelated to therapy (n = 31, 10%); (4) clonal evolution (n = 45, 15%); (5) ≥ 2 features (n = 30, 10%). Co-variates associated with failure-free survival (FFS) were haemoglobin concentration < 100 g/L (HR = 1.9; 95% Confidence Interval [CI], 1.1, 3.1; p = 0.014) and blasts > 4.5% (HR = 1.8 [1.1 - 2.9]; p = 0.013). Co-variates associated with progression-free survival (PFS) were platelets < 230 × 10E+9/L (HR = 3.3 [1.7, 6.5]; p < 0.001), blasts > 4.5% (HR = 2.4 [1.3, 4.6]; p = 0.007) and ≥ 1 co-morbidities (HR = 2.4 [1.2, 4.7]; p = 0.010). Co-variates associated with survival were haemoglobin concentration < 100 g/L (HR = 3.3 [1.1, 10.2]; p = 0.04), platelets < 230 × 10E+9/L (HR = 11.4 [3.9, 33.3]; p < 0.001) and ≥ 1 co-morbidities (HR = 6.7 [2.3, 19.5]; p < 0.001). Next, we divided subjects into 4 cohorts: (1) low-risk (no adverse co-variate; n = 49); (2) intermediate-1 risk (1 adverse co-variate; n = 116); (3) intermediate-2 risk (2 adverse co-variates; n = 92); and (4) high-risk (≥ 3 adverse co-variates; n = 47) with significant different probabilities of FFS, PFS and survival (all p-values < 0.001). Using the 2020 ELN criteria for w arning at 3 months was significantly-associated with worse FFS (HR = 3.1 [1.7, 5.7]; p < 0.001). Failure at 3 months was significantly associated with worse PFS (HR = 9.3 [4.3, 18.8]; p < 0.001) and survival (HR = 6.2 [2.0, 19.2]; p = 0.002). In propensity score matching analyses subjects receiving initial therapy with imatinib had lower probabilities of complete cytogenetic response (CCyR; HR = 1.3 [1.0, 1.8]; p = 0.079), major molecular response (MMR; HR = 1.2 [0.8, 1.7; p = 0.386) and molecular response 4.5 (.5; HR = 1.8 [1.1, 3.1]; p = 0.019). However, other endpoints including FFS, PFS and survival were similar for both interventions. Similar results in the subjects diagnosed as AP using the WHO criteria. Conclusions We identify co-variates associated with several outcomes of TKI-therapy in persons presenting in AP CML and used these to develop a prognostic score. We show the 2020 ELN criteria for warning and failure to TKI-therapy developed in persons in chronic phase also operate in subjects diagnosed in AP. Lastly, using propensity score matching we show that whilst some landmarks are achieved more rapidly in persons initially treated with a 2 nd generation TKI, FFS, PFS and survival are similar to those in persons initially treated with imatinib. Our data should help inform physicians treating person with CML presenting in AP. Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Zada, Hammad, Saima Sarir, and Muhammad Jawad. "Investigating the Role of Economic Impediments in the Extent of Dropout of Females from Secondary Schools in District Bajaur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa - Pakistan." Global Economics Review VI, no. II (June 30, 2021): 149–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2021(vi-ii).12.
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The titled study is concerned with the dropout of females from secondary schools in District Bajaur due to the economic impediments of the study population. A sample size of 169 respondents was taken possessively by using Sekaran criteria. A cross-sectional study design was developed for the collection of data according to the conceptual framework showing the dependent variable (Nature of Drop out) and independent variable (Economic Impediments). Furthermore,Uni variate and Bi-variate analysis was conducted through the use of SPSS software. After the analysis of data at the Bi-variate level, a highly significant association (P=0.000) was found between the Nature of Drop out and economic indicators(statements) namely the most dominant cause of high drop out ratio was financial problems, money was considered a wastage when it’s spent on female education, money was well spent if sons are getting the education and parents prioritize boy’s education more as compared to their girl child, along with the cultural norms and beliefs constraining females education, as well as parents, believed that religious education is more important than formal education.
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Arenas de Moreno, Lilia, Nancy Jerez-Timaure, Nelson Huerta-Leidenz, María Giuffrida-Mendoza, Eugenio Mendoza-Vera, and Soján Uzcátegui-Bracho. "Multivariate Relationships among Carcass Traits and Proximate Composition, Lipid Profile, and Mineral Content of Longissimus lumborum of Grass-Fed Male Cattle Produced under Tropical Conditions." Foods 10, no. 6 (June 12, 2021): 1364. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10061364.
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Hierarchical cluster (HCA) and canonical correlation (CCA) analyses were employed to explore the multivariate relationships among chemical components (proximate, mineral and lipidic components) of lean beef longissimus dorsii lumborum (LDL) and selected carcass traits of cattle fattened on pasture under tropical conditions (bulls, n = 60; steers, n = 60; from 2.5 to 4.0 years of age, estimated by dentition). The variables backfat thickness (BFT), Ca, Mn, Cu, C14:0, C15:0, and C20:0 showed the highest coefficients of variation. Three clusters were defined by the HCA. Out of all carcass traits, only BFT differed significantly (p < 0.001) among clusters. Clusters significantly (p < 0.001) differed for total lipids (TLIPIDS), moisture, dry matter (DM), fatty acid composition, cholesterol content, and mineral composition (except for Fe). The variables that define the canonical variate “CARCASS” were BFT and degree of marbling (MARBLING). TLIPIDS was the main variable for the “PROXIMATE” canonical variate, while C16:0 and C18:1c had the most relevant contribution to the “LIPIDS” canonical variate. BFT and MARBLING were highly cross-correlated with TLIPIDS which, in turn, was significantly affected by the IM lipid content. Carcass traits were poorly correlated with mineral content. These findings allow for the possibility to develop selection criteria based on BFT and/or marbling to sort carcasses, from grass-fed cattle fattened under tropical conditions, with differing nutritional values. Further analyses are needed to study the effects of sex condition on the associations among carcass traits and lipidic components.
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Henriksen, Jens H., Søren Møller, Stefan Fuglsang, and Flemming Bendtsen. "Detection of early central circulatory transits in patients with cirrhosis by gamma variate fit of indicator dilution profiles." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 288, no. 4 (April 2005): G677—G684. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00201.2004.
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Patients with cirrhosis have hyperdynamic circulation with abnormally distributed blood volume and widespread arteriovenous communications. We aimed to detect possible very early (i.e., before 4 s) and early (i.e., after 4 s) central circulatory transits and their potential influence on determination of central and arterial blood volume (CBV). Thirty-six cirrhotic patients and nineteen controls without liver disease undergoing hemodynamic catheterization were given central bolus injections of albumin with different labels. Exponential and gamma variate fits were applied to the indicator dilution curves, and the relations between flow, circulation times, and volumes were established according to kinetic principles. No significant very early central circulatory transits were identified. In contrast, early (i.e., 4 s to maximal) transits corresponding to a mean of 5.1% (vs. 0.8% in controls; P < 0.005) of cardiac output (equivalent to 0.36 vs. 0.05 l/min; P < 0.01) were found in cirrhotic patients. These early transits averaged 7.7 vs. 12.7 and 17.2 s of ordinary central transits of cirrhotic patients and controls, respectively ( P < 0.001). Early transits were directly correlated to the alveolar-arterial oxygen difference in the cirrhotic patients ( r = 0.46, P < 0.01) but not in controls ( r = 0.04; not significant). There was good agreement between the CBV determined by the conventional indicator dilution method and that determined by separation of early and ordinary transits by the gamma variate fit method (1.51 vs. 1.53 liter; not significant). In conclusion, no very early central circulatory transits were identified in cirrhotic patients. A significant part of the cardiac output undergoes an early transit, probably through pulmonary shunts or areas with low ventilation-perfusion ratios in cirrhotic patients. Composite determination of CBV by the gamma variate fit method is in close agreement with established kinetic methods. The study provides further evidence of abnormal central circulation in cirrhosis.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "P-variate"
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Bruzzone, Andrea. "P-SGLD : Stochastic Gradient Langevin Dynamics with control variates." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Statistik och maskininlärning, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-140121.
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Year after years, the amount of data that we continuously generate is increasing. When this situation started the main challenge was to find a way to store the huge quantity of information. Nowadays, with the increasing availability of storage facilities, this problem is solved but it gives us a new issue to deal with: find tools that allow us to learn from this large data sets. In this thesis, a framework for Bayesian learning with the ability to scale to large data sets is studied. We present the Stochastic Gradient Langevin Dynamics (SGLD) framework and show that in some cases its approximation of the posterior distribution is quite poor. A reason for this can be that SGLD estimates the gradient of the log-likelihood with a high variability due to naïve sampling. Our approach combines accurate proxies for the gradient of the log-likelihood with SGLD. We show that it produces better results in terms of convergence to the correct posterior distribution than the standard SGLD, since accurate proxies dramatically reduce the variance of the gradient estimator. Moreover, we demonstrate that this approach is more efficient than the standard Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method and that it exceeds other techniques of variance reduction proposed in the literature such as SAGA-LD algorithm. This approach also uses control variates to improve SGLD so that it is straightforward the comparison with our approach. We apply the method to the Logistic Regression model.
Books on the topic "P-variate"
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Girolamo B. Ca 1650 Merolla and Angelo Piccardo. Breve, e Succinta Relazione Del Viaggio Nel Regno Di Congo Nell'Africa Meridionale, Fatto Dal P. Girolamo Merolla Da Sorrento, Sacerdote Cappuccino Missionario Apostolico: Continente Variati Clima, Arie, Animali, Fiumi, Frutti, Vestimenti con Proprie... Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2022.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "P-variate"
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Mathai, Arak M., Serge B. Provost, and Hans J. Haubold. "Multivariate Analysis of Variation." In Multivariate Statistical Analysis in the Real and Complex Domains, 759–812. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95864-0_13.
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AbstractWe will employ the same notations as in the previous chapters. Lower-case letters x, y, … will denote real scalar variables, whether mathematical or random. Capital letters X, Y, … will be used to denote real matrix-variate mathematical or random variables, whether square or rectangular matrices are involved. A tilde will be placed on top of letters such as $$\tilde {x},\tilde {y},\tilde {X},\tilde {Y}$$ x ~ , y ~ , X ~ , Y ~ to denote variables in the complex domain. Constant matrices will for instance be denoted by A, B, C. A tilde will not be used on constant matrices unless the point is to be stressed that the matrix is in the complex domain. The determinant of a square matrix A will be denoted by |A| or det(A) and, in the complex case, the absolute value or modulus of the determinant of A will be denoted as |det(A)|. When matrices are square, their order will be taken as p × p, unless specified otherwise. When A is a full rank matrix in the complex domain, then AA∗ is Hermitian positive definite where an asterisk designates the complex conjugate transpose of a matrix. Additionally, dX will indicate the wedge product of all the distinct differentials of the elements of the matrix X. Thus, letting the p × q matrix X = (xij) where the xij’s are distinct real scalar variables, $$\text{d}X=\wedge _{i=1}^p\wedge _{j=1}^q\text{d}x_{ij}$$ d X = ∧ i = 1 p ∧ j = 1 q d x i j . For the complex matrix $$\tilde {X}=X_1+iX_2,\ i=\sqrt {(-1)}$$ X ~ = X 1 + i X 2 , i = ( − 1 ) , where X1 and X2 are real, $$\text{d}\tilde {X}=\text{d}X_1\wedge \text{d}X_2$$ d X ~ = d X 1 ∧ d X 2 .
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Mathai, Arak M., Serge B. Provost, and Hans J. Haubold. "Cluster Analysis and Correspondence Analysis." In Multivariate Statistical Analysis in the Real and Complex Domains, 845–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95864-0_15.
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AbstractWe will employ the same notations as in the previous chapters. Lower-case letters x, y, … will denote real scalar variables, whether mathematical or random. Capital letters X, Y, … will be used to denote real matrix-variate mathematical or random variables, whether square or rectangular matrices are involved. A tilde will be placed on top of letters such as $$\tilde {x},\tilde {y},\tilde {X},\tilde {Y}$$ x ~ , y ~ , X ~ , Y ~ to denote variables in the complex domain. Constant matrices will for instance be denoted by A, B, C. A tilde will not be used on constant matrices unless the point is to be stressed that the matrix is in the complex domain. The determinant of a square matrix A will be denoted by |A| or det(A) and, in the complex case, the absolute value or modulus of the determinant of A will be denoted as |det(A)|. When matrices are square, their order will be taken as p × p, unless specified otherwise. When A is a full rank matrix in the complex domain, then AA∗ is Hermitian positive definite where an asterisk designates the complex conjugate transpose of a matrix. Additionally, dX will indicate the wedge product of all the distinct differentials of the elements of the matrix X. Thus, letting the p × q matrix X = (xij) where the xij’s are distinct real scalar variables, $$\text{d}X=\wedge _{i=1}^p\wedge _{j=1}^q\text{d}x_{ij}$$ d X = ∧ i = 1 p ∧ j = 1 q d x i j . For the complex matrix $$\tilde {X}=X_1+iX_2,\ i=\sqrt {(-1)}$$ X ~ = X 1 + i X 2 , i = ( − 1 ) , where X1 and X2 are real, $$\text{d}\tilde {X}=\text{d}X_1\wedge \text{d}X_2$$ d X ~ = d X 1 ∧ d X 2 .
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Mathai, Arak M., Serge B. Provost, and Hans J. Haubold. "Canonical Correlation Analysis." In Multivariate Statistical Analysis in the Real and Complex Domains, 641–77. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95864-0_10.
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AbstractWe will keep utilizing the same notations in this chapter. More specifically, lower-case letters x, y, … will denote real scalar variables, whether mathematical or random. Capital letters X, Y, … will be used to denote real matrix-variate mathematical or random variables, whether square or rectangular matrices are involved. A tilde will be placed above letters such as $$\tilde {x},\tilde {y},\tilde {X},\tilde {Y}$$ x ~ , y ~ , X ~ , Y ~ to denote variables in the complex domain. Constant matrices will for instance be denoted by A, B, C. A tilde will not be used on constant matrices unless the point is to be stressed that the matrix is in the complex domain. The determinant of a square matrix A will be denoted by |A| or det(A) and, in the complex case, the absolute value or modulus of the determinant of A will be denoted as |det(A)|. When matrices are square, their order will be taken as p × p, unless specified otherwise. When A is a full rank matrix in the complex domain, then AA∗ is Hermitian positive definite where an asterisk designates the complex conjugate transpose of a matrix. Additionally, dX will indicate the wedge product of all the distinct differentials of the elements of the matrix X. Letting the p × q matrix X = (xij) where the xij’s are distinct real scalar variables, $$\mathrm {d}X=\wedge _{i=1}^p\wedge _{j=1}^q\mathrm {d}x_{ij}$$ d X = ∧ i = 1 p ∧ j = 1 q d x i j . For the complex matrix $$\tilde {X}=X_1+iX_2,\ i=\sqrt {(-1)}$$ X ~ = X 1 + i X 2 , i = ( − 1 ) , where X1 and X2 are real, $$\mathrm {d}\tilde {X}=\mathrm {d}X_1\wedge \mathrm {d}X_2$$ d X ~ = d X 1 ∧ d X 2 .
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Mathai, Arak M., Serge B. Provost, and Hans J. Haubold. "Matrix-Variate Gamma and Beta Distributions." In Multivariate Statistical Analysis in the Real and Complex Domains, 289–393. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95864-0_5.
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AbstractThe notations introduced in the preceding chapters will still be followed in this one. Lower-case letters such as x, y will be utilized to represent real scalar variables, whether mathematical or random. Capital letters such as X, Y will be used to denote vector/matrix random or mathematical variables. A tilde placed on top of a letter will indicate that the variables are in the complex domain. However, the tilde will be omitted in the case of constant matrices such as A, B. The determinant of a square matrix A will be denoted as |A| or det(A) and, in the complex domain, the absolute value or modulus of the determinant of B will be denoted as |det(B)|. Square matrices appearing in this chapter will be assumed to be of dimension p × p unless otherwise specified.
Conference papers on the topic "P-variate"
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Kim, Ho-Kyung, Hyeong-Yun Cheon, and Sejin Kim. "Probabilistic Assessment of Vehicle Driving Safety under Strong Winds – Cause Investigations on Two Sea-Crossing Bridges." In IABSE Congress, Nanjing 2022: Bridges and Structures: Connection, Integration and Harmonisation. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/nanjing.2022.0028.
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<p>The strong side winds threaten the stability of running vehicles over the sea-crossing bridges due to the high altitude of the deck and free exposure to the upcoming winds. Therefore, bridge operators control the speed limit or close the bridges when the wind speed reaches predetermined criteria. Since the sea-crossing bridges play an essential role in transportation networks, the traffic control strategy, including complete closure, requires a careful assessment of the critical wind speed at which vehicle instability can occur. As the aerodynamic forces on vehicles depend on several influence factors, including the geometrical shape of the superstructure, the critical wind speeds variate bridge by bridge. This study demonstrates a framework to determine the critical wind speed. This study reports two overturning accidents experienced in a double-deck suspension bridge and a cable-stayed bridge. By applying the proposed framework to the cases, the authors successfully explained the cause of accidents. For this investigation, the authors used a wind tunnel measurement of aerodynamic loads on vehicles and the vehicle dynamics to determine critical wind speed curves. The authors also extended the procedure to the probabilistic risk assessment by adding the long-term wind data analysis of the bridge site. In this way, this study provides a guideline for bridge operators on balancing the driving safety and the continuous mobility of the sea-crossing bridges under hazardous high wind conditions.</p>
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Zhang, Ye, Xiangya Xie, and Jie Zhang. "Exploring transformation of small and medium-sized historical towns in China with network analysis and user-generated open data." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.6000.
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Ye ZHANG1, Xiangya XIE2, Jie ZHANG2 1 Department of Architecture, School of Design and Environment, National University of Singapore, 4 Architecture Drive, Singapore 117566 2 School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, P. R. China E-mail: akizy@nus.edu.sg; xiexy15@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn; zjzhangjie@tinsghua.edu.cn Keywords (3-5): urban transformation, small and medium-sized historical Chinese cities, big data While an increasing number of research on transformation and conservation of historical areas of major Chinese cities have been witnessed in recent years (e.g. Whitehand et al, 2011; Whitehand et al 2014; Whitehand et al 2016, among many others), endeavours to studying more ordinary and small and medium-sized historical towns in China are rare. In the near future, those historical towns will be confronted with a new wave of developments, given that urbanisation of small and medium-sized cities and towns is high on China’s 13th five-year plan (2016-2020). This will pose a serious challenge to the conservation of their already vulnerable traditional urban fabric. This study aims to develop an accurate description of the transformation of built form, in particular street and block patterns, of the small and medium-sized historical towns, and how this is associated with the change of spatial distribution of urban activities. A total number of 36 towns in Zhejiang province, China are selected as case studies. Transformation of the urban fabric is examined based on cartographical maps of different historical periods using combined methods of urban network analysis and field survey. A large amount of user-generated geo-referenced open data, such as social media reviews, point-of-interest mapping, microblogs and night time illumination maps, are harnessed to produce a detailed description of urban activity patterns, of which the relationships to the transformation of urban form are investigated using multi-variate regression models. The results show how basic built form parameters such as spatial integration, between-ness centrality, block size and block depth can effectively and accurately describe the transformation of the small and medium-sized historical towns and how the formal changes are linked to the geographical shift of different urban activities. In which ways the findings can inform decision making in urban conservation practice to better address the tension between conservation and developments is discussed at the end.References: Whitehand Jeremy WR, Gu Kai, and Whitehand Susan M. (2011). "Fringe belts and socioeconomic change in China." Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 38 (1):41-60 Whitehand Jeremy WR, Gu Kai, Conzen Michael P, and Whitehand Susan M. (2014). "The typological process and the morphological period: a cross-cultural assessment." Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 41 (3):512-533. Whitehand Jeremy WR, Conzen Michael P, and Gu Kai. 2016. "Plan analysis of historical cities: a Sino-European comparison." Urban Morphology 20 (2):139-158.
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Nitharshni, J. M., R. Nilasruthy, K. R. Shakthi Akshaiya, and M. Rajavel. "Quality Check of Water for Human Consumption Using Machine Learning." In International Research Conference on IOT, Cloud and Data Science. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-17jlv6.
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The greatest threat to humanity is water pollution. It causes affliction to animals, plants, etc. To avoid the problem in the transportation sector, we need to foretell water standards from pollution using machine learning methods. monitoring and forecasting the value of water has become a vital area to research. The goal is to examine machine learning methods for water quality forecasting by predicting the results to the best accuracy. Dataset is analysed by Supervised Machine Learning Technique (SMLT) to bag a number of details such as, variable identification: uni-variate analysis, bi-variate analysis and multivariate analysis, lost quantity treatment and data validation analysis, data purification / preparation and data detection will be performed on the dataset. The analysis provides a clean guide to examine the sharpness of the model parameters in relation to fulfilment in predicting water standard by calculating its efficiency. To offer a method to accurately predict the Water Quality Index (WQI) value by predicting the results in the form of accuracy from comparing supervised classification machine learning algorithms. Furthermore, to correlate and canvas the effectiveness of various algorithms from the given dataset with evaluation of classification report, confusion matrix, categorizing data from priority and the result shows that the performance of the suggested algorithms that can be compared with Accuracy which is done by evaluating Precision, Recall and F1 Score of the algorithm.
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Yanez, Fernando. "Building Bridges: Implementing Redundancy Analysis by means of a Neural Network." In LatinX in AI at Neural Information Processing Systems Conference 2019. Journal of LatinX in AI Research, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.52591/lxai2019120827.
Full textAbstract:
When analyzing data, there are situations where it is convenient to divide the analyzed variables into two subsets: a X block, of range p, that plays an independent or predictor role and a Y block, of range q, whose role is dependent, each of them containing the measurements of n individuals. However, knowing a priori which one is independent and which one is dependent is not trivial. The Redundancy Analysis was developed by van den Wollenberg (1977) as a particular case of CCA (Hotelling, 1936). Given two standarized data sets X (orthogonalizable) and Y, it consists in determining a set of orthonormal redundant components wi (i = 1, ..., min(p,q)) such that the squared correlation of each of the redundant variables Xwi with all the Y variates (Eq. 1) is maximized subject to unitary variance of the redundant variable. Thus, the Redundancy Index (RI) of X over Y, proposed by Stewart and Love (1968), is maximized (Eq. 2). Such index is an asymmetrical measurement for the amount of explanation one set has over the other. By comparing Rx and Ry, it can be determined which set of variables is explanatory and which one is the response.