Journal articles: 'P-type DSSC'

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Chiang, Ting Lung, Chuen Shii Chou, Der Ho Wu, and Chin Min Hsiung. "Applications of P-Type NiO in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells." Advanced Materials Research 239-242 (May 2011): 1747–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.239-242.1747.

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This study investigates the applicability of p-type NiO in the working (or counter) electrode of a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC). The working electrode was designed and fabricated by depositing a film of TiO2/NiO composite particles, which were prepared by mixing the Ni powder with TiO2 particles using dry mixing method. The counter electrode was fabricated by depositing a NiO film on top of a Pt film, which has been deposited on a FTO glass using an ion-sputtering coater (or E-beam evaporator). This study shows that the power conversion efficiency of the DSSC with TiO2/NiO composite particles (3.80%) substantially exceeds that of the conventional DSSC (3.16%) due to the effects of the NiO barrier and the n-p junction. Aside from this, the power conversion efficiency of a DSSC with a Pt(E)/NiO counter electrode (4.28%) substantially exceeds that of a conventional DSSC with a Pt(E) counter electrode on which a Pt film was deposited using an E-beam evaporator. This result is attributed to the fact that the NiO film coated on the Pt(E) counter electrode improves the electrocatalytic activity of the counter electrode.

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El Moll, Hani, Fiona A. Black, Christopher J. Wood, Ahmed Al-Yasari, Anil Reddy Marri, Igor V. Sazanovich, Elizabeth A. Gibson, and John Fielden. "Increasing p-type dye sensitised solar cell photovoltages using polyoxometalates." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 19, no. 29 (2017): 18831–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cp01558e.

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Efa, Mulugeta Tesema, Jheng-Chang Huang, and Toyoko Imae. "Cascade Förster Resonance Energy Transfer Studies for Enhancement of Light Harvesting on Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells." Nanomaterials 12, no. 22 (November 20, 2022): 4085. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12224085.

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This work reports cascade Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based n-type (ZnO) and p-type (NiO) dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), discussing approaches to enhance their overall performance. Although DSSCs suffer from poorer performance than other solar cells, the use of composites with carbon dot (Cdot) can enhance the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of DSSCs. However, further improvements are demanded through molecular design to stimulate DSSCs. Here, a photosensitized system based on a cascade FRET was induced alongside the conventional photosensitizer dye (N719). To N719 in a DSSC is transferred the energy cascaded through donor fluorescence materials (pyrene, 3-acetyl-7-N,N-diethyl-coumarin or coumarin and acridine orange), and this process enhances the light-harvesting properties of the sensitizers in the DSSC across a broad region of the solar spectrum. PCE values of 10.7 and 11.3% were achieved for ZnO/Cdot and NiO/Cdot DSSCs, respectively. These high PCE values result from the energy transfer among multi-photosensitizers (cascade FRET fluorophores, N719, and Cdot). Moreover, Cdot can play a role in intensifying the adsorption of dyes and discouraging charge recombination on the semiconductor. The present results raise expectations that a significant improvement in photovoltaic performance can be attained of DSSCs exploiting the cascade FRET photonics phenomenon.

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Bouwens, Tessel, Simon Mathew, and Joost N. H. Reek. "p-Type dye-sensitized solar cells based on pseudorotaxane mediated charge-transfer." Faraday Discussions 215 (2019): 393–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8fd00169c.

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Shinde, Dnyaneshwar, Popat Tambade, Habib Pathan, and Kisan Gadave. "Experimental and theoretical study of 1, 4-naphthoquinone based dye in dye-sensitized solar cells using ZnO photoanode." Materials Science-Poland 35, no. 4 (March 20, 2018): 746–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/msp-2017-0088.

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Abstract A dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) was assembled using a dye 4-(3-chloro-1, 4-dioxo-1, 4-dihydronaphthalen-2-ylamino) benzoic acid with ZnO as a photoanode. It was synthesized using 2, 3-dichloro 1, 4-naphthoquinone and p-amino benzoic acid. The spectral features of the dye were analyzed in ethanol using experimental and computational methods. The theoretical investigations revealed that the synthesized dye may act as a sensitizer in DSSCs. The photoelectrochemical performance was tested under direct sunlight using a sandwich type DSSC. The photovoltaic data of the dye adsorbed on ZnO films indicated thepower conversion efficiency of 1.07 % under sunlight with a light intensity of 39 mW·cm-2.

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Promnopas, Wonchai, Titipun Thongtem, and Somchai Thongtem. "ZnTe Semiconductor-Polymer Gel Composited Electrolyte for Conversion of Solar Energy." Journal of Nanomaterials 2014 (2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/529629.

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Nanostructured cubic p-type ZnTe for dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) was synthesized from 1 : 1 molar ratio of Zn : Te by 600 W and 900 W microwave plasma for 30 min. In this research, their green emissions were detected at the same wavelengths of 563 nm, the energy gap(Eg)at 2.24 eV, and three Raman shifts at 205, 410, and 620 cm−1. The nanocomposited electrolyte of quasisolid state ZnO-DSSCs was in correlation with the increase in theJSC,VOC, fill factor (ff), and efficiency (η) by increasing the wt% of ZnTe-GPE (gel polymer electrolyte) to an optimum value and decreased afterwards. The optimal ZnO-DSSC performance was achieved for 0.20 wt% ZnTe-GPE with the highest photoelectronic energy conversion efficiency at 174.7% with respect to that of the GPE without doping of p-type ZnTe.

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ALEMU, GETACHEW, BINGYAN ZHANG, JUNPENG LI, XIAOBAO XU, JIN CUI, YAN SHEN, and MINGKUI WANG. "INVESTIGATION OF DYE-REGENERATION KINETICS AT DYE-SENSITIZED p-TYPE CuCrO2 FILM/ELECTROLYTES INTERFACE WITH SCANNING ELECTROCHEMICAL MICROSCOPY." Nano 09, no. 05 (July 2014): 1440008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793292014400086.

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The power conversion efficiency of p-type dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) is determined by the kinetics of hole injection and dye-regeneration reaction at the dye/electrolyte interface. In this work, the photochemical regeneration kinetics of dye adsorbed on CuCrO 2 mesoporous film was investigated by using scanning electrochemical microscopy with feedback mode. Organic P1 and C343 sensitizers in combination with iodide-based and thiolate-based electrolytes were selected to understand the effect of sensitizers and redox shuttles on dye-regeneration process. A fast regeneration kinetic rate constant was confirmed in thiolate-based sample compared with iodide-based electrolyte, indicating that the organic redox shuttle was an efficient mediator to optimize the performance of p-type DSSC.

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Raut, Prasad, Vinay Kishnani, Kunal Mondal, Ankur Gupta, and Sadhan C. Jana. "A Review on Gel Polymer Electrolytes for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells." Micromachines 13, no. 5 (April 27, 2022): 680. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13050680.

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Significant growth has been observed in the research domain of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) due to the simplicity in its manufacturing, low cost, and high-energy conversion efficiency. The electrolytes in DSSCs play an important role in determining the photovoltaic performance of the DSSCs, e.g., volatile liquid electrolytes suffer from poor thermal stability. Although low volatility liquid electrolytes and solid polymer electrolytes circumvent the stability issues, gel polymer electrolytes with high ionic conductivity and enduring stability are stimulating substitutes for liquid electrolytes in DSSC. In this review paper, the advantages of gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) are discussed along with other types of electrolytes, e.g., solid polymer electrolytes and p-type semiconductor-based electrolytes. The benefits of incorporating ionic liquids into GPEs are highlighted in conjunction with the factors that affect the ionic conductivity of GPEs. The strategies on the improvement of the properties of DSSCs based on GPE are also presented.

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Hardani, Hardani, Hendra Hendra, Muh Iman Darmawan, C. Cari, and Agus Supriyanto. "Fabrication of dye natural as a photosensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC)." Journal of Theoretical and Applied Physics 1, no. 1 (February 7, 2017): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/jotap.v1i1.4704.

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The purpose of this study was to obtain optical properties (absorption spectrum) and electrical properties (photoconductivity) of organic dyes in DSSC performance. optical and electrical properties were tested by using UV-Visible Spectrophotometer and Elkahfi 1601 PC 100 / IV meter, respectively, while Keithley Type 2600A is used for the characterization of DSSC. This study is a great base to explore and investigate the development of DSSC solar cells using natural dyes (organic). Spectra optimal absorption and photoconductivity produced by natural dyes (organic). The results of this study indicate that the absorption spectrum of natural dyes (organic) in the range of 300-500 nm. electrical characteristics (I-V) of the increase in linear dye under illumination. I-V characteristics of DSSC from organically produced natural dyes to color the biggest-mangosteen obtained Voc of 565 mV; JSC = 1.52 A / m2; FF = 0.12; and η_ef is approximately 0.09%, respectively,. The conclusion of this study, natural dyes (organic) can be an attractive alternative as a dye.

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Hardani, Hardani, Hendra Hendra, Muh Iman Darmawan, C. Cari, and Agus Supriyanto. "Fabrication of dye natural as a photosensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC)." Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications 1, no. 1 (March 8, 2017): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v1i1.4704.

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The purpose of this study was to obtain optical properties (absorption spectrum) and electrical properties (photoconductivity) of organic dyes in DSSC performance. optical and electrical properties were tested by using UV-Visible Spectrophotometer and Elkahfi 1601 PC 100 / IV meter, respectively, while Keithley Type 2600A is used for the characterization of DSSC. This study is a great base to explore and investigate the development of DSSC solar cells using natural dyes (organic). Spectra optimal absorption and photoconductivity produced by natural dyes (organic). The results of this study indicate that the absorption spectrum of natural dyes (organic) in the range of 300-500 nm. electrical characteristics (I-V) of the increase in linear dye under illumination. I-V characteristics of DSSC from organically produced natural dyes to color the biggest-mangosteen obtained Voc of 565 mV; JSC = 1.52 A / m2; FF = 0.12; and η_ef is approximately 0.09%, respectively,. The conclusion of this study, natural dyes (organic) can be an attractive alternative as a dye.

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Liyanage, D. N., K. D. M. S. P. K. Kumarasinghe, G. R. A. Kumara, A. C. A. Jayasundera, K. Tennakone, and B. Onwona-Agyeman. "Donor-π-Conjugated Spacer-Acceptor Dye-Sensitized Solid-State Solar Cell Using CuI as the Hole Collector." International Journal of Photoenergy 2019 (April 9, 2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1653027.

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Dye-sensitized solid-state solar cells (DSSCs) replacing the liquid electrolyte with a p-type semiconductor have been extensively examined to solve the practical problems associated with wet-type solar cells. Here, we report the fabrication of a solid-state solar cell using copper iodide (CuI) as the hole conductor and alkyl-functionalized carbazole dye (MK-2) as the sensitizer. A DSSC sensitized with MK-2 showed a solar-to-electrical power conversion efficiency of 3.33% with a Voc of 496 mV and a Jsc of 16.14 mA cm-2 under AM 1.5 simulated sunlight. The long alkyl chains act as a barrier for charge recombination, and the strong accepting and donating abilities of the cyanoacrylic and carbazole groups, respectively, enhance the absorption of light at a longer wavelength, increasing the short-circuit current density. The efficiency recorded in this work is higher than similar DSSCs based on other hole collectors.

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Liu, Qian, Lifang Wei, Shuai Yuan, Xin Ren, Yin Zhao, Zhuyi Wang, Meihong Zhang, Liyi Shi, Dongdong Li, and Aijun Li. "Influence of interface properties on charge density, band edge shifts and kinetics of the photoelectrochemical process in p-type NiO photocathodes." RSC Advances 5, no. 88 (2015): 71778–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra13135a.

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The surface structure of NiO is correlated to observed changes in the band energy, energetic distribution of the trap states density, charge interface transfer, charge transport, and as a result the p-type DSSC device performance.

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Dewi, Nadya Aruma, Fahru Nurosyid, Agus Supriyanto, and Risa Suryana. "Effect of thickness Type on Transparent TiO2 as the Working Electrode of Dye sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) for Solar Windows Applications." INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS 6, no. 02 (February 28, 2017): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/ijap.v6i02.1362.

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Senditized Dye Solar Cells (DSSC) consist of photoelectrode, dye, electrolyte and counter electrode which is one of the photochemical electric cells. In this article will discuss the influence of the thickness of the electrode on the electrical properties. Electrodes made by screen printing method. Screen by type T-49. TiO2 deposited on the FTO variation of the number of layers to obtain a thickness of 1, 2, 3 and 4. DSSC tested thickness by Screen Electron Microscopy (SEM), absorbance test by UV Visible Lambda 25 and characterization of current and voltage test by Keithley Measurenment 2602A. The test results showed the thickness of the TiO2 electrode thickness (1.5 ± 0.2) μm, (2.9 ± 0.5) μm, (3.5 ± 0.6) μm, and (4.5 ± 0.8 ) μm. Based on the test results absorbance maximum value contained in thickness (4.5 ± 0.8) μm having a dye adsorbed at most and have the highest efficiency 2.41%.

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Zainun, A. R., Mohamad Hafiz Mamat, U. M. Noor, and Mohamad Rusop. "Characterization of Copper (I) Iodide (CuI) Thin Film using TMED for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells." Advanced Materials Research 667 (March 2013): 447–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.667.447.

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Solid state dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) were first reported in 1991 without employing p-type as hole conductor. The p-type as hole conductor was first introduced in 1995 and CuI is preferred among others p-type semiconductors. However, in 2003 utilizing of CuI based DSSC was found unstable by the excessive iodine strongly decreased the photocurrent of the cell. Later then, the stability of CuI based DSSCs was reported can be improved by added small amount of triethylamine hydrothiocyanate (THT) in the CuI coating solution. Following to that, in this work new chemical is introduce as an option to present situation which can give equally or better effective for fabrication of solid-state DSSCs. The chemical is called tetramethylethylenediamine (TMED), is employed to CuI in sol-gel process and their characterizations have been studied. The CuI coating solution was prepared by dissolved CuI powder with acetonitrile and added in 0.5mL TMED. Using spin coating technique the sol then deposited onto glass and silicon substrate at room temperature. The film were analyzed by their particles conductivity using pH meter, surface morphology using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM) and optical properties using ultraviolet visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) and photoluminescence (PL) measurement. The results of this sol-gel were compared with other CuI sol-gel which prepared by dissolved CuI powder with acetonitrile only. The optical transmittance within ultra-violet range exhibited that thin film is transparent and it optical band gap have been studied. Further clarification and measurements need to be done in order to prove that the proposed chemical can be used as an option.

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Anshebo, Getachew Alemu, and Ataklti Abraha Gebreyohanes. "Investigation on Dye Regeneration Kinetics at P-Type Sensitized Nanoparticle Nickel Oxide Film by Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy." Journal of Nanomaterials 2022 (July 18, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9649711.

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The efficiency of a NiO-sensitized solar cell is determined by the kinetics of hole injection and dye regeneration reactions at the NiO/dye/electrolyte interface. In this research, the photochemical regeneration kinetics of dye adsorbed on the NiO film was investigated by scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM). Besides, organic C343 and P1 sensitizers in combination with iodide-based, cobalt-based, and thiolate-based electrolytes were selected to understand the effect of sensitizers and redox shuttles on the dye regeneration process. As a result, a fast regeneration kinetic rate constant was conformed in the thiolate-based sample compared with cobalt-based and iodide-based, demonstrating that the organic redox shuttle was an efficient mediator to optimize the performance of p-type DSSC. Furthermore, the regeneration rate constants ( k eff ), reduction rate constants ( k red ), and absorption cross section ( Ф hv ) were investigated for organic dyes and electrolytes. That is, an effective dye regeneration rate constant k red of 6.95 × 10 5 mol-1cm3s-1 for NiO/P1 and k red of 3.75 × 10 5 mol-1cm3s-1 for NiO/C343 was found at various wavelengths. Therefore, the experimental results demonstrate that regeneration kinetics are dependent on the type of electrolyte and dye used. Moreover, the results suggest that scanning electrochemical microscopy is a powerful method for screening efficient dyes and electrolytes for charge transfer reactions in P-type dye-sensitized solar cells.

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Ranasinghe, C. S. K., E. N. Jayaweera, G. R. A. Kumara, H. M. N. Bandara, and R. M. G. Rajapakse. "Development of Dye-Sensitized Solid-State ZnO/D149/CuSCN Solar Cell." International Journal of Nanoscience 13, no. 04 (August 2014): 1440007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x14400079.

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Dye-sensitized solid-state solar cells (DSSC) based on n-type ZnO and p-type CuSCN have been fabricated with highest recorded power conversion efficiency. The working electrode of the cell is composed of D149 dye-coated ZnO -based interconnected nanoparticulate (20 nm) mesoporous layer with ZnO -based dense layer which was prepared on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass substrates. CuSCN deposition was carried out according to the previously reported procedure which ensures enhanced p-type conductivity of CuSCN . The surface morphologies of the ZnO dense layer, ZnO porous layer and CuSCN layer have been visualized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The cells were fabricated with the configuration of FTO/ ZnO dense layer/ ZnO porous layer/D149/CuSCN/Graphite/Cr-coated FTO. Then the cells were characterized using I-V data as functions of the dense layer resistance (which is proportional to the thickness of the dense layer) and the porous layer thicknesses. The optimum dense layer is found to have 1500 Ω/□ sheet resistance. The cell with porous layer thickness of 9 μm at this dense layer resistance shows the maximum power conversion efficiency of 2.28%. The solar cell parameters of this optimized cell are an open circuit voltage of 0.55 V, a fill factor of 0.51 and a short-circuit current density of 8.2 mA cm-2.

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Pote, Fernince Ina, Agus Supriyanto, Fahru Nurosyid, and Deni Kurniawan. "Performance of natural chlorophyll Amaranthus and Carica Papaya dye on TiO2 coating in the making of dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) through the spin coating method." Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications 3, no. 2 (September 30, 2019): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v3i2.38292.

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The natural dye extracted from Amaranthus dye and Carica Papaya dye which has been prepared in ethanol solution as a sensitizer on DSSC. The Spin coating method is used so that the deposition on TiO2 gets a homogeneous thin layer on the active area of the FTO substrate. The dye solution was tested for characterization using the Elkahfi I-V Meter and UV-Vis 1601 while the FTO structure substrate that had been prepared as a sandwich was tested using Keithley I-V type 2602A. The result of absorbance of dye is at a wavelength of 400 nm - 800 nm and there is also a shift in wavelength and peak absorption of the dye. The greatest efficiency was obtained from chlorophyll amaranthus which is 0.730% while chlorophyll Carica papaya obtained an efficiency of 0.432%. In the combination of Amaranthus dye and Carica papaya dye, the efficiency was 0.526%. High efficiency on TiO2 electrodes shows good performance on Dye-sensitized solar cells.

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Perdana, Muhamad Yudatama, Pregia Anugratama, Nur Habib Rizki Saputro, and Fahru Nurosyid. "Potential of textile-dye extract as the sensitizer in dye-sensitized solar cells." Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications 6, no. 2 (September 30, 2022): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v6i2.59159.

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<div>A dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is a device for converting photons from sunlight into electrical energy. In a DSSC, an important role is played by the dye sensitizer, which absorbs light and injects excitation electrons into the conduction band of a semiconductor oxide. As the sensitizer, complex ruthenium-based dyes provide high conversion efficiency but are expensive and scarce. As alternatives to Ru-based dyes, natural ones extracted from plants are environmentally friendly, inexpensive, and abundant. However, in DSSCs natural dyes are yet to offer higher conversion efficiency than that of complex Ru-based dyes, given low absorption in the visible range and low stability. High-purity textile dyes have been investigated as sensitizers in DSSCs, and dispersive azo dyes for textiles have been purified successfully by column chromatography, with a minimum purity of 97.3%. As such, textile-dye extract could be used as a dye in a DSSC by purifying the former using column chromatography. This article describes research on (i) DSSC fabrication and characterization, (ii) column chromatography for purifying dispersive azo dyes, (iii) the absorbance of several types of textile dye, (iv) the characteristics of the textile dye Remazol Red RB-133, and (v) the performance of a DSSC based on that dye.</div>

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Desinova, O., M. Starovoytova, A. Khelkovskaia-Sergeeva, L. P. Ananyeva, O. Koneva, R. Shayakhmetova, L. Garzanova, and O. Ovsyannikova. "AB0733 Musculo-articular syndrome in patients with Systemic Sclerosis-polymyositis/dermatomyositis overlap syndrome." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 81, Suppl 1 (May 23, 2022): 1493.2–1493. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.4759.

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BackgroundSystemic Sclerosis-polymyositis/dermatomyositis overlap syndrome (SSc-PM/DM) occurs in 10 to 37% of cases and has great differential diagnostic difficulties. Muscle damage in SSc-PM/DM is represented by myositis with primary inflammatory and necrotic alterations in muscle fibers by type of PM/DM.ObjectivesTo evaluate joint and muscle damage in patients with SSc-PM/DM.Methods112 pts had idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, of which 73 pts with SSc-PM/DM (51 pts with lSSc and 22 pts with dSSc, male/female 24/49, mean age 44±14,5 years, average disease’s duration 7 (2;9) years) had the standard clinical examination, intramuscular electromyography (IM-EMG) and manual muscle testing (MMT-8).ResultsAll pts had polyarthralgia, 40% pts - arthritis. Damage to periarticular tissues with the formation of flexion contractures was observed in 70% pts, of which 16% - contractures of large joints (knee and elbow). X-ray changes in the hands and feet (distal osteoporosis, narrowing of the joint spaces, and smoothness of the phalangettes) were observed in all pts, 13% of pts had erosions associated with osteoarthritis. There was noticed significantly frequent development of flexion contractures in pts with dSSc (p<0.05) and high skin score (p<0.05). Osteolysis peculiar to SSc was detected in 23.5% of pts, and soft tissue calcinosis in the area of the phalangettes, and metacarpophalangeal joints – in 32% pts. Calcifications, specifically associated with PM/DM, in the soft tissues of the shoulder and pelvic girdle, large joints were revealed in 6% pts. A direct correlation was revealed between the duration of the disease and the development of calcinosis and osteolysis (p<0.05). Myalgia and proximal muscle weakness was in all pts, dysphagia – in 43% pts, and dysphonia – in 19% pts. Patients with a moderate degree of muscle weakness (MMT-8 76-115 points) prevailed and topped 41% and patients with severe disabling functional disorders (MMT-8 ≤75 points) showed 37%, of which 4% of pts were completely immobilized. In 18% of pts, PM was detected during physical and/or laboratory examination (MMT-8 ≥ 116 points). Analysis of IM-EMG of changes confirmed the presence of primary muscle inflammatory process (all patients had a decrease in motor unit action potential (MUAP) and spontaneous activity, polyphasia – in 93% of pts. A correlation was observed with laboratory and immunological signs of disease activity: between ESR and spontaneous activity (p<0.02), CPK titers and polyphasia (p<0.01), the presence of a-Pm-Scl and a decrease in MUAP (p<0.03).ConclusionMuscular syndrome in SSc-PM/DM has clear clinical symptoms, and the underlying symptom of involvement is sharp muscle weakness with movement disorders intrinsic to PM/DM. However, such disorders do not lead to complete immobility, as in PM/DM, and they are combined with other manifestations of SSc. Articular syndrome in pts with SSc-PM/DM is mainly represented by periarticular changes, in some pts with osteolysis and calcinosis common to SSc.Disclosure of InterestsNone declared

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Akpek, Görgün, Marianna L. Zahurak, Steven Piantadosi, Jeffrey Margolis, Jon Doherty, Robert Davidson, and Georgia B. Vogelsang. "Development of a prognostic model for grading chronic graft-versus-host disease." Blood 97, no. 5 (March 1, 2001): 1219–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v97.5.1219.

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The disease-specific survival (DSS) of 151 patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) was studied in an attempt to stratify patients into risk groups and to form a basis for a new grading of cGVHD. The data included the outcome and 23 variables at the diagnosis of cGVHD and at the primary treatment failure (PTF). Eighty-nine patients (58%) failed primary therapy for cGVHD. Nonrelapse mortality was 44% after a median follow-up of 7.8 years. The probability of DSS at 10 years after diagnosis of cGVHD (DSS1) and after PTF (DSS2) was 51% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 39%, 60%) and 38% (95% CI = 28%, 49%), respectively. According to multivariate analysis, extensive skin involvement (ESI) more than 50% of body surface area; hazard ratio (HR) of 7.0 (95% CI = 3.6-13.4), thrombocytopenia (TP) (< 100 000/μL; HR, 3.6; 95% CI = 1.9-6.8), and progressive-type onset (PTO) (HR, 1.7; 95% CI = 0.9-3.0) significantly influenced DSS1. These 3 factors and Karnofsky Performance Score of less than 50% at PTF were significant predictors for DSS2. The DSS1 at 10 years for patients with prognostic factor score (PFS) at diagnosis of 0 (none), less than 2 (ESI only or TP and/or PTO), 2 to 3.5 (ESI plus either TP or PTO), and more than 3.5 (all 3 factors) was 82%, 68%, 34%, and 3% (P = .05, < .001, < .001), respectively. The DSS2 at 5 years for patients with PFS at PTF of 0, 2 or less, 2 to 3.5, and more than 3.5 were 91%, 71%, 22%, and 4% (P = .2, .005, and < .001), respectively. It was concluded that these prognostic models might be useful in grouping the patients with similar outcome.

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MacLean, MA, C. Bailey, C. Fisher, R. Rampersaud, R. Greene, and A. Glennie. "P.173 Evaluating instability in Degenerative Lumbar Spondylolisthesis: objective variables versus surgeon impressions." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 49, s1 (June 2022): S53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cjn.2022.254.

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Background: The qualitative Degenerative Spondylolisthesis Instability Classification (DSIC) system defines pre-operative instability associated with degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis (DLS) and facilitates surgical technique selection. Objectives: (1) propose a quantitative DSIC system; (2) compare objective measures to surgeon impressions of DLS-related instability. Methods: We conducted a multi-center prospective study of 408 adult patients undergoing surgery for DLS. Variables included in the quantitative classification were assigned point-values based on evidence quality. Scores were converted to DSIC Types: 0-2 points (“Stable”; Type I), 3 points (“Potentially Unstable”; Type II), 4-5 points (“Unstable”; Type III). Surgeons documented impressions of instability using the qualitative DSIC system. Results: Five variables were included in the quantitative DSIC: presence of facet effusion, preservation of disc height (<6.5mm), translation (>4mm), kyphotic or neutral disc angle in flexion, and presence of low back pain (LBP) (>5/10 intensity). Surgeons categorized higher degrees of instability than the preliminary quantitative DSIC system, in 130 patients (42%) (P < 0.001). Compared to procedures suggested by the quantitative DSIC system, more extensive surgical procedures were performed in 150 patients (57%) (P < 0.001). Conclusions: A quantitative DSIC system allowed DLS-related stability to be scored and categorized. Patients potentially received more extensive surgery than warranted based on quantitative assessments of stability.

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Jiang, Tengfei, Martine Bujoli-Doeuff, Yoann Farré, Yann Pellegrin, Eric Gautron, Mohammed Boujtita, Laurent Cario, Stéphane Jobic, and Fabrice Odobel. "CuO nanomaterials for p-type dye-sensitized solar cells." RSC Advances 6, no. 114 (2016): 112765–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra17879k.

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Three different morphologies of CuO nanomaterials were used to prepare photocathodes for p-type dye-sensitized solar cells (p-DSSCs) with P1, DPP-NDI and YF1 as dyes, and I⁻/I3⁻ and Co^III/Co^II as redox mediators.

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Ameline, Dorine, Stéphane Diring, Yoann Farre, Yann Pellegrin, Gaia Naponiello, Errol Blart, Benoît Charrier, Danilo Dini, Denis Jacquemin, and Fabrice Odobel. "Isoindigo derivatives for application in p-type dye sensitized solar cells." RSC Advances 5, no. 104 (2015): 85530–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra11744e.

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Bonomo, Matteo, Federica Sabuzi, Aldo Di Carlo, Valeria Conte, Danilo Dini, and Pierluca Galloni. "KuQuinones as sensitizers for NiO based p-type dye-sensitized solar cells." New Journal of Chemistry 41, no. 7 (2017): 2769–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6nj03466g.

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Bakker, Tijmen M. A., Simon Mathew, and Joost N. H. Reek. "Lindqvist polyoxometalates as electrolytes in p-type dye sensitized solar cells." Sustainable Energy & Fuels 3, no. 1 (2019): 96–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8se00495a.

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The development of new redox couples provides a clear strategy to improve power conversion efficiency (PCE) in p-type dye-sensitized solar cells (p-DSSCs) through enabling improvements in open-circuit voltage (V_OC).

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Klein, Y., Nathalie Marinakis, Edwin Constable, and Catherine Housecroft. "A Phosphonic Acid Anchoring Analogue of the Sensitizer P1 for p-Type Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells." Crystals 8, no. 10 (October 12, 2018): 389. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst8100389.

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We report the synthesis and characterization of the first example of an organic dye, PP1, for p-type dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) bearing a phosphonic acid anchoring group. PP1 is structurally related to the benchmarking dye, P1, which possesses a carboxylic acid anchor. The solution absorption spectra of PP1 and P1 are similar (PP1 has λmax = 478 nm and εmax = 62,800 dm3 mol−1 cm−1), as are the solid-state absorption spectra of the dyes adsorbed on FTO/NiO electrodes. p-Type DSCs with NiO as semiconductor and sensitized with P1 or PP1 perform comparably. For PP1, short-circuit current densities (JSC) and open-circuit voltages (VOC) for five DSCs lie between 1.11 and 1.45 mA cm−2, and 119 and 143 mV, respectively, compared to ranges of 1.55–1.80 mA cm−2 and 117–130 mV for P1. Photoconversion efficiencies with PP1 are in the range 0.054–0.069%, compared to 0.065–0.079% for P1. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, open-circuit photovoltage decay and intensity-modulated photocurrent spectroscopy have been used to compare DSCs with P1 and PP1 in detail.

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Chen, Kathy J., Adèle D. Laurent, Florent Boucher, Fabrice Odobel, and Denis Jacquemin. "Determining the most promising anchors for CuSCN: ab initio insights towards p-type DSSCs." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 4, no. 6 (2016): 2217–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ta10421a.

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Li, Lin, Elizabeth A. Gibson, Peng Qin, Gerrit Boschloo, Mikhail Gorlov, Anders Hagfeldt, and Licheng Sun. "Double-Layered NiO Photocathodes for p-Type DSSCs with Record IPCE." Advanced Materials 22, no. 15 (April 18, 2010): 1759–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.200903151.

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Sheibani, Esmaeil, Lei Zhang, Peng Liu, Bo Xu, Edgar Mijangos, Gerrit Boschloo, Anders Hagfeldt, Leif Hammarström, Lars Kloo, and Haining Tian. "A study of oligothiophene–acceptor dyes in p-type dye-sensitized solar cells." RSC Advances 6, no. 22 (2016): 18165–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra26310g.

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Two new dyes, E1 and E2, equipped with triphenylamine as the electron donor, oligothiophene as the linker and different electron acceptor groups, have been designed and synthesized as photosensitizers for p-type dye-sensitized solar cells (p-DSCs).

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Lyu, Siliu, Yoann Farré, Laurent Ducasse, Yann Pellegrin, Thierry Toupance, Céline Olivier, and Fabrice Odobel. "Push–pull ruthenium diacetylide complexes: new dyes for p-type dye-sensitized solar cells." RSC Advances 6, no. 24 (2016): 19928–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra25899e.

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A couple of novel donor–π–acceptor dyes based on organometallic ruthenium diacetylide complexes (SL1 and SL2) have been designed and synthesized for use in NiO-based p-type dye-sensitized solar cells (p-DSCs).

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Melgaço-Costa, José Leonardo Barbosa, Renata Castro Martins, Efigenia Ferreira Ferreira, and Antonio Paulino Ribeiro-Sobrinho. "Evaluation of Endodontic Productivity in Oral Public Healthcare Services in Minas Gerais, Brazil." Research, Society and Development 11, no. 2 (February 5, 2022): e57411225484. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i2.25484.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the factors associated with the average monthly productivity in endodontic services at Dental Specialty Centers (DSCs) of Minas Gerais. Secondary data were collected: the dependent variable was the average monthly productivity in endodontic services at DSCs, and the independent variables: population size, Human Development Index (HDI), Gini Index, Family Health Program’s (FHP) population coverage rate, DSC type, and accreditation time. 76 DSCs were included. Median values for population size, HDI, Gini Index, FHP coverage, and accreditation service time were, respectively, 67,442.50, 0.732, 0.410, 77.945, and 8.00. The endodontic treatment of single-rooted teeth exhibited the highest median production. Most of the DSCs (61.7%) did not reach the targets set. Population size (p=0.001) and DSC type (p=0.025) were associated with the average monthly productivity. The average monthly productivity in endodontic services at these DSCs was low, which was positively associated with population size and accredited DSC type.

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Zhang, Qian-Qian, Ke-Jian Jiang, Jin-Hua Huang, Chuan-Wu Zhao, Li-Peng Zhang, Xue-Ping Cui, Mei-Ju Su, Lian-Ming Yang, Yan-Lin Song, and Xue-Qin Zhou. "A push–pull thienoquinoidal chromophore for highly efficient p-type dye-sensitized solar cells." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 3, no. 15 (2015): 7695–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ta01348h.

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A push–pull thienoquinoidal dye (QT-1), was synthesized as a sensitizer in a p-DSC, giving a high short-circuit photocurrent density of 8.2 mA cm⁻². The result would pave new organic semiconductor sensitizers for use in p-DSCs and other organic optoelectronic devices.

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Colic, J., I. Pruner, N. Damjanov, J. Antovic, M. Sefik Bukilica, and A. Antovic. "POS0923 EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES AS POTENTIAL BIOMARKERS OF EARLY DISEASE STAGE IN SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 81, Suppl 1 (May 23, 2022): 761.2–761. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.4884.

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BackgroundExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-coated vesicles most often generated from the vasculature and circulating blood cells upon cell activation and during the early phase of apoptosis (1).ObjectivesTo evaluate the concentration of different subpopulations of EVs in plasma from patients with SSc in relation to the disease duration and to the markers of endothelial injury.MethodsOur study included 59 SSc patients (36 limited (lSSc) and 23 diffuse cutaneous subset (dSSc)) and 46 healthy age and gender matched controls subjects. Disease duration less than 3 years in patients with dSSc and less than 5 years in those with lSSc was considered as early disease stage. Clinical evaluation of patients was performed. EVs were analysed with flow cytometry after staining platelet poor plasma with fluorescent cell-specific monoclonal antibodies. The concentration of following phosphatidylserine-positive EVs (PS+ EVs) were analyzed: total EVs, endothelial EVs (EEVs; CD144+), platelet EVs (PEVs; CD42b+), monocytes EVs (LEVs; CD14+), EVs expressing ICAM1 (CD54+), VCAM1 (CD106+) and P selectin (CD62p+). Serum levels of ICAM1, VCAM1 and P selectin were determined with ELISA.ResultsMedian disease duration of our cohort was 4 (0-29) years (early lSSc [20/36]: 2.5 (0-4.5) years; early dSSc [11/23]: 10 (1-30) months). All types of investigated EVs were significantly elevated in SSc patients compared to controls (p<0.05). Patients with early disease stage had significantly increased levels of all PS+EVs compared to HC (p<0.05). Moreover, the levels of EVs expressing ICAM1 and VCAM1 showed good validity in identifying patients with early disease stage (AUC 0.7, p<0.01). PEVs were increased in early dSSc compared to early lSSc, but the difference did not reach statistical significance (p=0.07). There was a correlation between serum levels and the levels of EVs expressing specific adhesion molecules (ICAM1: r=0.7, p<0.01; VCAM1: r=0.7, p<0.01; P selectin: r=-0.7, p<0.01), only within the group with early dSSc subtype of the disease. Further correlations were detected between ICAM1+EVs with either mRSS (r=0.07, p< 0.01) or EUSTAR activity index (r=0.07, p= 0.02) among patients with early dSSc.ConclusionIncreased levels of circulating EVs of different cell origin were present in patients with early SSc. EVs expressing either ICAM1 or VCAM1 could be novel biomarkers of early disease. EVs expressing ICAM1 showed association with severity of skin involvement and disease activity in patients with early dSSc giving insight into their role in the pathogenesis of SSc.References[1]J Colic, M Matucci-Cerinic, S Guiducci and N Damjanov. Review: Microparticles in systemic sclerosis, targets or tools to control fibrosis: This is the question!. Journal of Scleroderma and Related Disorders. 2019; 5(34):239719831985735Disclosure of InterestsNone declared

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Brunner, Felix, Nathalie Marinakis, Cedric Wobill, Markus Willgert, Cathrin D. Ertl, Tatjana Kosmalski, Markus Neuburger, et al. "Modular synthesis of simple cycloruthenated complexes with state-of-the-art performance in p-type DSCs." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 4, no. 41 (2016): 9823–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6tc03874c.

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An adaptable strategy to introduce different anchors to [Ru(N⁁N)₂(C⁁N)]⁺ dyes is described; use of a phosphonic acid anchor on NiO leads to p-type DSCs with J_SC = 3.38 mA cm⁻² and PEC of 0.116%.

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Nešković, Jelena Stefanović, Anđelka Ristić, Milan Petronijević, Aleksandra Zeljković, Aleksandra Grdinić, Ognjen Gudelj, Branka Đurović, and Branimir Nešković. "B-Type Natriuretic Peptide as a Marker of Different Forms of Systemic Sclerosis." Journal of Medical Biochemistry 37, no. 4 (December 1, 2018): 406–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jomb-2017-0058.

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SummaryBackground:Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune connective tissue disease which affects various tissues and organs, including skin, lungs, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract and cardiovascular system. Cardiac involvement is the most commonly recognized problem and a significant cause of morbidity. The brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a previously known marker of elevated cardiovascular risk in SSc, but the levels of BNP in various forms of SSc have not been investigated so far.Aim:The aim of our study was to evaluate the influence of SSc on the function of the right ventricle and the right atrium using the echocardiographic parameters. Moreover, we examined the levels of BNP in different forms of SSc as well as the association of disease severity with the plasma concentrations of BNP.Methods:We included 42 patients with newly diagnosed SSc and patients whose disease had been diagnosed earlier. SSc patients and non-SSc control patients were examined by using echocardiography and the concentrations of BNP were determined.Results:We analyzed differences in the parameters of right ventricle (RV) function and right atrium (RA) function between SSc patients and healthy controls. The two groups had similar distribution of gender, but SSc patients were significantly older than controls. RV wall thickness was increased in SSc patients (p<0.001), while right ventricular end-systolic area (RVESA; p=0.408) and right ventricular end-diastolic area (RVEDA; p=0.368) did not differ among the examinees. In contrast, RA minor-axis dimension (p=0.001) and the tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) (p=0.001) were significantly higher in SSc patients. Also, we analyzed differences in brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) concentrations between diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis (DSSc) and limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis (LSSc) patients. DSSc patients had significantly higher concentrations of BNP. We found that levels of BNP were in significant positive correlations with age (p=0.007), disease duration (p=0.023), C reactive protein (CRP) (p=0.032), right ventricle fractional area change (FAC) (p=0.022), pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and Rodnan score (p=0.019).Conclusions:Given the obtained results, the laboratory determination of BNP could be useful in differentiating different forms of systemic sclerosis as well as in predicting the severity of the disease and future cardiovascular complications.

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Langmar, Oliver, Carolina R. Ganivet, Peter Schol, Tobias Scharl, Gema de la Torre, Tomás Torres, Rubén D. Costa, and Dirk M. Guldi. "Improving charge injection and charge transport in CuO-based p-type DSSCs – a quick and simple precipitation method for small CuO nanoparticles." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 6, no. 19 (2018): 5176–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8tc00769a.

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Sun, Lin Lin, Ting Zhang, Jing Wang, Hong Li, Li Kai Yan, and Zhong Min Su. "Exploring the influence of electron donating/withdrawing groups on hexamolybdate-based derivatives for efficient p-type dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs)." RSC Advances 5, no. 50 (2015): 39821–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra05164a.

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Park, Ji Young, Bo Youn Jang, Chi Hwan Lee, Hyeong Jin Yun, and Jae Hong Kim. "Influence of the anchoring number in a carbazole-based photosensitizer on the photovoltaic performance of p-type NiO dye sensitized solar cells." RSC Adv. 4, no. 106 (2014): 61248–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra08271k.

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Chen, Haijun, Ning Wang, and Hongcai He. "Equivalent Circuit Analysis of Photovoltaic-Thermoelectric Hybrid Device with Different TE Module Structure." Advances in Condensed Matter Physics 2014 (2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/824038.

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Combining two different types of solar cells with different absorption bands into a hybrid cell is a very useful method to improve the utilization efficiency of solar energy. The experimental data of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and thermoelectric generators (TEG) was simulated by equivalent circuit method, and some parameters of DSSCs were obtained. Then, the equivalent circuit model with the obtained parameters was used to optimize the structure design of photovoltaic- (PV-) thermoelectric (TE) hybrid devices. The output power(Pout)first increases to a maximum and then decreases by increasing the TE prism size, and a smaller spacing between p-type prism and n-type prism of a TE p-n junction causes a higher output power of TEG and hybrid device. When the spacing between TE prisms is 15 μm and the optimal base side length of TE prism is 40 μm, the maximum theoretical efficiency reaches 24.6% according to the equivalent circuit analysis. This work would give some enlightenment for the development of high-performance PV-TE hybrid devices.

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Ho, Phuong, Le Quoc Bao, Rajesh Cheruku, and Jae Hong Kim. "Improved performance of P-type DSCs with a compact blocking layer coated by different thicknesses." Electronic Materials Letters 12, no. 5 (July 28, 2016): 638–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13391-016-6055-8.

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Sinopoli, Alessandro, Christopher J. Wood, Elizabeth A. Gibson, and Paul I. P. Elliott. "Hybrid Cyclometalated Iridium Coumarin Complex as a Sensitiser of Both n- and p-Type DSSCs." European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry 2016, no. 18 (May 30, 2016): 2887–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ejic.201600242.

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Muñoz-García, Ana B., and Michele Pavone. "Structure and energy level alignment at the dye–electrode interface in p-type DSSCs: new hints on the role of anchoring modes from ab initio calculations." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 17, no. 18 (2015): 12238–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cp01020a.

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Marinakis, Nathalie, Markus Willgert, Edwin C. Constable, and Catherine E. Housecroft. "Optimization of performance and long-term stability of p-type dye-sensitized solar cells with a cycloruthenated dye through electrolyte solvent tuning." Sustainable Energy & Fuels 1, no. 3 (2017): 626–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7se00060j.

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The balance between optimal photoconversion efficiency and long-term stability in p-type DSCs with a cyclometallated ruthenium dye is presented, with mixtures of acetonitrile and propionitrile being the best solvent with an I₃⁻/I⁻ redox couple.

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Pecoraro, Adriana, Pasqualino Maddalena, Michele Pavone, and Ana B. Muñoz García. "First-Principles Study of Cu-Based Inorganic Hole Transport Materials for Solar Cell Applications." Materials 15, no. 16 (August 18, 2022): 5703. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15165703.

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Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) both represent promising strategies for the sustainable conversion of sunlight into electricity and fuels. However, a few flaws of current devices hinder the large-scale establishment of such technologies. On one hand, PSCs suffer from instabilities and undesired phenomena mostly linked to the perovskite/hole transport layer (HTL) interface. Most of the currently employed organic HTL (e.g., Spiro-OMeTAD) are supposed to contribute to the perovskite decomposition and to be responsible for charge recombination processes and polarization barriers. On the other hand, power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of DSCs are still too low to compete with other conversion technologies. Tandem cells are built by assembling p-type and n-type DSCs in a cascade architecture and, since each dye absorbs on a different portion of the solar spectrum, the harvesting window is increased and the theoretical efficiency limit for a single chromophore (i.e., the Shockley–Queisser limit) is overcome. However, such a strategy is hindered by the lack of a p-type semiconductor with optimal photocathode features. Nickel oxide has been, by far, the first-choice inorganic p-type semiconductor for both PV technologies, but its toxicity and non-optimal features (e.g., too low open circuit voltage and the presence of trap states) call for alternatives. Herein, we study of three p-type semiconductors as possible alternative to NiO, namely CuI, CuSCN and Cu2O. To this aim, we compare the structural and electronic features of the three materials by means of a unified theoretical approach based on the state-of-the art density functional theory (DFT). We focus on the calculation of their valence band edge energies and compare such values with those of two widely employed photo-absorbers, i.e., methylammonium lead iodide (MAPI) and the triple cation MAFACsPbBrI in PSCs and P1 and Y123 dyes in DSCs, given that the band alignment and the energy offset are crucial for the charge transport at the interfaces and have direct implications on the final efficiency. We dissect the effect a copper vacancy (i.e., intrinsic p-type doping) on the alignment pattern and rationalize it from both a structural and an electronic perspective. Our data show how defects can represent a crucial degree of freedom to control the driving force for hole injection in these devices.

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D’Amario, Luca, Gerrit Boschloo, Anders Hagfeldt, and Leif Hammarström. "Tuning of Conductivity and Density of States of NiO Mesoporous Films Used in p-Type DSSCs." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 118, no. 34 (August 14, 2014): 19556–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp504551v.

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Wei, Lifang, Linpeng Jiang, Shuai Yuan, Xin Ren, Yin Zhao, Zhuyi Wang, Meihong Zhang, Liyi Shi, and Dongdong Li. "Valence Band Edge Shifts and Charge-transfer Dynamics in Li-Doped NiO Based p-type DSSCs." Electrochimica Acta 188 (January 2016): 309–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2015.12.026.

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Wirths, M., O. Hudowenz, U. Hoffmann, U. Müller-Ladner, U. Lange, and P. Klemm. "THU0350 LOGOPEDIC TESTING IN SSC PATIENTS REVEALS HIGH FREQUENCY OF OROPHARYNGEAL DYSFUNCTION: A MONOCENTRIC EXPERIENCE." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 406.1–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.3467.

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Background:Up to 98% of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) show involvement of the gastrointestinal system (GI) [1]. While meteorism, heartburn and GI dysmotility are very common and accessible to pharmacologic treatment on an evidence based level [1–3], checking for oropharyngeal dysfunction is usually not part of the standard diagnostic algorithm. However, in a survey of the German Network for Systemic Sclerosis (DNSS) patients reported coughing and/or a sore voice in up to 78% [1]. As impairment in speaking or swallowing for example does not only substantially reduce quality of life, it can also be very stigmatizing. In addition, the usual prokinetic therapy of GI-involvement, e.g. metoclopramide, does not appear to improve these symptoms. As the first step to approach this problem is the qualitative and quantitative description, we evaluated the oropharyngeal function in our cohort of SSc patients by detailed logopedic assessment.Objectives:To evaluate the frequency and type of oropharyngeal dysfunction, e.g. swallowing or speaking, in patients with SSc and to elucidate the correlating and associated factors, e.g. disease duration or modified Rodnan Skin Score.Methods:After obtaining written consent, oropharyngeal function using a standardized assessment protocol was evaluated in patients with SSc fulfilling the ACR/EULAR criteria by a speech therapist. Furthermore, we investigated whether oropharyngeal dysfunction is associated with patients’ characteristics. In addition, all patients received instruction for a training program to treat their individual oropharyngeal dysfunction.Results:37 patients with d/lSSc were assessed for eligibility. 34 patients met the inclusion criteria (3 patients did not speak German) and written consent was obtained.Oropharyngeal dysfunction (impairment of speaking, swallowing, breathing or oropharyngeal muscle function) was found in 29 of 34 (85%) of both l/dSSc patients. Neither the subtype of SSc, disease duration nor mRSS were significantly correlated with oropharyngeal dysfunction in general. Only GI involvement in general was associated with oropharyngeal dysfunction.After logopedic therapy, 28 of the 34 (82%) patients with oropharyngeal dysfunction reported a benefit after 3 days of training and were motivated to continue logopedic training at home.Oropharyngeal dysfunctionPresent(n=29)absent(n=5)p-values (x2-test)dcSSc800,027lcSSc2240,027disease duration (mean)12,7 y12 y0,462mRSS<4920,322mRSS>42030,322Raynauds syndrom2950,673digital ulcers1920,812lung fibrosis1120,596eosophageal dilatation1520,566eosophageal dysmotility1900,015GI-involvement2310,007Conclusion:Logopedic assessment revealed a high incidence of oropharyngeal dysfunction in our cohort of SSc patients. Oropharyngeal dysfunction was not associated with disease duration, skin- or lung-involvement or dcSSc/lcSSc differentiation. A logopedic training program seems to be of benefit for this currently not pharmacologically treatable problem.References:[1]Schmeiser T, Saar P, Jin D, Noethe M, Müller A, Soydan N, et al. Profile of gastrointestinal involvement in patients with systemic sclerosis. Rheumatol Int 2012;32:2471–8.doi:10.1007/s00296-011-1988-6.[2]Boeckxstaens GE, Bartelsman JFWM, Lauwers L, Tytgat GNJ. Treatment of GI dysmotility in scleroderma with the new enterokinetic agent prucalopride. Am J Gastroenterol 2002;97:194–7.doi:10.1016/S0002-9270(01)03958-2.[3]Mercado U, Arroyo de Anda R, Avendaño L, Araiza-Casillas R, Avendaño-Reyes M. Metoclopramide response in patients with early diffuse systemic sclerosis. Effects on esophageal motility abnormalities. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2005;23:685–8.Disclosure of Interests:Miriam Wirths: None declared, Ole Hudowenz: None declared, Ulrike Hoffmann: None declared, Ulf Müller-Ladner Speakers bureau: Biogen, Uwe Lange: None declared, Philipp Klemm Consultant of: Lilly, Medac

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Lu, W., K. L. Pey, N. Singh, K. C. Leong, Q. Liu, C. L. Gan, G. Q. Lo, D. L. Kwong, and C. S. Tan. "Effect of Nickel Silicide Induced Dopant Segregation on Vertical Silicon Nanowire Diode Performance." MRS Proceedings 1439 (2012): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2012.845.

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ABSTRACTIn this work, Dopant Segregated Schottky Barrier (DSSB) and Schottky Barrier (SB) vertical silicon nanowire (VSiNW) diodes were fabricated on p-type Si substrate using CMOS-compatible processes to investigate the effects of segregated dopants at the silicide/silicon interface and different annealing processes on nickel silicide formation in DSSB VSiNW diodes. With segregated dopants at the silicide/silicon interface, VSiNW diodes showed higher on-current, due to an enhanced carrier tunneling, and much lower leakage current. This can be attributed to the altered energy bands caused by the accumulated Arsenic dopants at the interface. Moreover, DSSB VSiNW diodes also gave ideality factor much closer to unity and exhibited lower electron SBH (ΦBn) than SB VSiNW diodes. This proved that interfacial accumulated dopants could impede the inhomogeneous nature of the Schottky diodes and simultaneously, minimize the effect of Fermi level pinning and ionization of surface defect states. Comparing the impact of different silicide formation annealing using DSSB VSiNW diodes, the 2-step anneal process reduces the silicide intrusion length within the SiNW by ~ 5X and the silicide interface was smooth along the (100) direction. Furthermore, the 2-step DSSB VSiNW diode also exhibited much lower leakage current and an ideality factor much closer to unity, as compared to 1-step DSSB VSiNW diode.

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Zhang, Qing-Wei, La-Mei Teng, Xin-Tian Zhang, Jing-Jing Zhang, Ying Zhou, Zhi-Rui Zhou, Yi-Chao Hou, Zhi-Zheng Ge, and Xiao-Bo Li. "Narrow-band imaging in the diagnosis of deep submucosal colorectal cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis." Endoscopy 49, no. 06 (May 4, 2017): 564–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-103014.

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Abstract Background and aims Magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging (M-NBI) has been widely used in the differential diagnosis of deep submucosal colorectal cancers (dSMCs) from superficial submucosal cancers (sSMCs) and intramucosal neoplasms. We aimed to pool the diagnostic efficacy of M-NBI and compare it with that of magnifying chromoendoscopy (M-CE) in diagnosing colorectal dSMC. Methods PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were searched to identify eligible studies. Meeting abstracts were also searched. A bivariate mixed-effects binary regression model was used in the meta-analysis to calculate the pooled diagnostic efficacy of M-NBI and compare it with that of M-CE in the diagnosis of dSMC. Subgroup analyses and meta-regression were conducted to explore sources of heterogeneity. Results We included 17 studies: 14 full texts and 3 meeting abstracts. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, and area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) in diagnosing dSMC were 74 % (66 % – 81 %; I2 = 84.6 %), 98 % (94 % – 99 %; I2 = 94.4 %), and 0.91 (0.88 – 0.93), respectively, for M-NBI. The pooled sensitivity, specificity and AUC (95 %CI) were 84 % (76 % – 89 %; I2 = 76.9 %), 97 % (94 % – 99 %; I2 = 90.2 %), and 0.97 (0.95 – 0.98), respectively, for M-CE. M-NBI had lower sensitivity (P < 0.01) than M-CE with similar specificity (P = 0.32). Subgroup analyses and meta-regression indicated that endoscopic diagnostic criteria, study type, endoscope type, risk of index test bias, and histopathological diagnostic criteria might be the sources of heterogeneity. Conclusions M-NBI and M-CE had comparable specificities in diagnosing dSMC, but the sensitivity of M-NBI was slightly lower than that of M-CE.

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Qu, Jie, Zhaoyang Fan, Hamed Mira, Jianan Wang, Amor M. Abdelkader, and Shujiang Ding. "Hierarchical NiO/CMK-3 Photocathode for a p-Type Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell with Improved Photoelectrochemical Performance and Fast Hole Transfer." Molecules 25, no. 7 (April 2, 2020): 1638. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25071638.

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The sluggish photoelectrochemical performance of p-type dye-sensitized solar cells (p-DSSCs) has hindered its commercial use. In this work, we introduce a novel hierarchical nanocomposite of NiO nanoparticles anchored on highly ordered mesoporous carbons CMK-3 (NiO/CMK-3). Using CMK-3 as a backbone effectively prevented the self-aggregation of NiO nanoparticles and subsequently increased the total specific surface area of the composite for more dye adsorption. The interconnected conductive networks of CMK-3 also served as a split-flow high-speed channel, which was beneficial for hole spin-flow to accelerate hole transfer. The hierarchical NiO/CMK-3 photocathode improved the photovoltaic conversion efficiency to 1.48% in a cell with a Cobalt(II)/(III) electrolyte and a PMI-6T-TPA dye.

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Journal articles on the topic 'P-type DSSC'

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