Relevant bibliographies by topics / Ozone Health aspects

Academic literature on the topic 'Ozone Health aspects'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Ozone Health aspects"

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Barczyk, Izabela, Diana Masłyk, Natalia Walczuk, Karina Kijak, Piotr Skomro, Helena Gronwald, Maria Pawlak, et al. "Potential Clinical Applications of Ozone Therapy in Dental Specialties—A Literature Review, Supported by Own Observations." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 3 (January 22, 2023): 2048. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032048.

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Apart from conventional treatment, dentists are increasingly relying on physical therapy modalities in their clinical practice. The aim of this literature review is to analyze the clinical relevance and potential uses of ozone in modern dentistry. The research question is geared towards detailing the multiple potential applications of ozone therapy in a range of dental specialties. Based on the available literature, accessed via the PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and EBSCO databases, a detailed search of the electronic literature was performed for 2001–2022. Eligible studies were chosen according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, using keywords: ozone, ozone therapy, therapeutic applications, oxidants, dental disinfectants, oral medicine, physical therapy in dentistry. Out of 834 manuscripts, 273 studies were curated. A total of 70 publications were used in the final consideration. After assessing their quality, they were analyzed to determine the relevance and potential use of ozone in the various aspects of modern dentistry. Ozone therapy is used mainly as an adjunct to the primary clinical or pharmacological treatment. In some cases of oral mucosal disease, it has proven effective as a primary therapy. During the literature analysis, it was noted that ozone therapy in dentistry is a subject of ongoing research, and the results are not always consistent. The multitude of studies in the literature on the applications of ozone in dentistry reflects the search for its undiscovered physical therapeutic potential.
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Zhukova, Evgeniya S., Anna Yu Kashina, and Anastasiya M. Irkaeva. "Modern aspects of professional cancer treatment: prospects for the use of medical ozone in the correction of free radical homeostasis." Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology 60, no. 11 (December 3, 2020): 767–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2020-60-11-767-770.

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Introduction. The well-known features of oncogenesis make it possible to assume the prospects of medical ozone as part of a comprehensive health-saving therapy for professional oncopathologies. Due to the risk of stimulating the proliferation of tumor cells, research on the search for optimal modes of ozone exposure is relevant. The aim of the study was to evaluate the possibility of using ozonated saline solution (OSS) as part of complex antitumor therapy in an experiment. Materials and methods. The effect of OSS with different concentrations of ozone in the ozone-oxygen mixture on the content of hemoglobin, active products of thiobarbituric acid (TBA) of lipid peroxidation (LP), the degree of oxidative modification of proteins, and the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase in blood, liver, spleen, and tumor tissues was studied in Mature rats with normal and transplanted cholangiocellular carcinoma. Results. The course effect of the OSS did not have statistically significant changes in the studied biochemical parameters under the conditions of the physiological norm in the experiment. Exposure to OSS during oncogenesis led to a decrease in the content of TBA-active LP products in the liver by more than 30%. Conclusions. Course exposure to OSS with an ozone concentration in an ozone-oxygen mixture of 400 micrograms/l may be promising for the correction of free radical homeostasis as part of complex antitumor therapy, including in oncogenesis due to occupational factors.
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Hou, Yongjiang, and Zheng Shen. "Research Trends, Hotspots and Frontiers of Ozone Pollution from 1996 to 2021: A Review Based on a Bibliometric Visualization Analysis." Sustainability 14, no. 17 (August 31, 2022): 10898. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141710898.

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A total of 2932 publications in the field of ozone pollution were obtained from the Web of Science and briefly reviewed using a bibliometric analysis and WOS-based citation reports. CiteSpace 5.7.R3 (64 bit) was used to perform a visualization of knowledge mapping by keywords co-words, burst analysis, co-cited reference analysis, and cooperation network analysis. Research topics in this field have mainly focused on three aspects: risk assessment of ozone pollution for both humans and plants under short-term and long-term exposure; ozone pollution characterization and modeling of ozone transport on different scales; and elucidating the mechanism of ozone formation and source apportionment. By clustering the co-cited references using the data from 2016 to 2021, the frontiers are found to be: (1) VOCs’ precursors and ozone transformation mechanism; (2) modeling of source apportionment and source-oriented chemical transport considering meteorological influence to predict ozone concentration at different spatial and temporal scales; and (3) premature mortality and health burden with relation to ozone exposure. It should be mentioned that an emerging research hotspot is the utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) tools (e.g., machine learning, deep learning, etc.) to facilitate the modeling of big data at different scales.
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Mohd Supian, Nur Amira, Nor Nadiah Abdul Karim Shah, Rosnah Shamsudin, and Alifdalino Sulaiman. "Effects of aqueous ozone treatment on the nutritional attributes of mango (Mangifera indica L.) fruit juice." International Food Research Journal 29, no. 5 (October 25, 2022): 1005–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.47836/ifrj.29.5.04.

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The global fruit juice market is expanding alongside the exponentially growing demand for a healthy lifestyle. Fruit juice is a preferred drink among all age groups as it contains numerous essential nutrients that benefit human health. The safety aspects of fruit juice are equally important as its healthy features. The conventional method of thermal pasteurisation has been known to produce fruit juice of inferior quality. Hence, ozone is being considered as an alternative, non-thermal form of pasteurisation. With its strong oxidation potential, ozone exhibits antimicrobial characteristics and produces no toxic by-products. However, for ozone to be successfully adopted by juice producers, the synergistic effects of the composition of fruit juice and ozone treatment must be adequately evaluated. Therefore, the present work subjected various concentrations of Chokanan mango juice (MJ), diluted with distilled water (DW) at 100MJ:0DW, 75MJ:25DW, and 50MJ:50DW to aqueous ozone treatment at different ozone doses. The effects of these treatments on the physicochemical and antioxidant properties of the MJ were evaluated. Ozone was found to be effective in decreasing the pectin methylesterase (PME) activity arising from the de-esterification of the pectin molecules, and increasing the DPPH activity, thereby increasing the juice quality. Significant effects on the total colour difference (ΔE) and total phenolic content (TPC) were observed in proportion to the increases in ozone dose. The colour of the treated MJ was found to be positively correlated with the TPC, while a kinetic study was performed to investigate the proportionality of the colour and TPC degradation. The first-order reaction model fitted well with the degradation patterns of L* and b*, as well as the ΔE of the MJ samples. A significant difference was observed between the degradation rate constant (k-value) for the MJ samples, which suggested that the k-value could have been affected by not only the ozone dose, but also the juice matrix. The present work demonstrated that the composition of fruit juice was an essential intrinsic parameter that must be assessed before adopting ozone as a form of non-thermal pasteurisation to produce fruit juice which is stable in quality, and safe for consumption.
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Kirigia, Joses. "Health impacts of epidemiological environment change: measurement issues." Environment and Development Economics 1, no. 3 (July 1996): 359–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x00000693.

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Epidemiological environment (EE) could be denned as a set of conditions and processes, both physical and social, that influence the interaction between human beings and disease agents. The human epidemiological environment is shaped by various aspects of development and global change, viz. the influences of human population size, mobility, geographic distribution, urbanization, and nutrition status; modernization (macro-and microeconomic enterprise); loss of indigenous medicinal knowledge; microbial evolution of antibiotic resistance; land conversion and biodiversity loss; agricultural intensification; stratospheric ozone depletion; and climatic change (Daily and Ehrlich, 1995). Health status is affected greatly not only by economic development (e.g. by policies influencing per capita income and its distribution), but also through changes in EE.
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Szyszkowicz, Mieczysław. "Concentration–Response Functions as an Essence of the Results from Lags." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 13 (July 1, 2022): 8116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19138116.

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Among various aspects of environmental epidemiology, one is to assess the relationships between ambient air pollution and health outcomes. The goal of this work is to estimate the associations in the form of the parametric concentration–response functions (C-RF). Various forms of the C-RFs are proposed in this short-term health effect study. Emergency department (ED) visits for all respiratory health problems are analyzed as an illustrative example. A case-crossover (CC) technique is applied as a study design. Daily cases are organized as daily counts by the same day of the week in one common month. A conditional Poisson regression is used in the constructed statistical models. Temperature and relative humidity are included in the statistical models in the form of natural splines. Ground-level ozone concentration is considered an exposure. Ozone concentration values are transformed and submitted to the statistical models. The parameters of the transformation are determined by using the goodness of fit criterion. Counts of ED visits are analyzed in relation to a sequence of lagged exposure to ozone. The C-RF shapes are constructed for each individual lag. In a final step, the set of the estimated C-RF shapes is used to create a pooled C-RF shape. The results are positive and statistically significant for nine lagged exposures, from 0 to 8 days. The following relative risks (RR) were estimated from the constructed C-RFs at 30 ppb concentration of ozone: RR = 1.0531 (95% confidence interval: 1.0231, 1.0718), 1.0462 (1.0253, 1.0677), and 1.0387, (1.0240, 1.0531), realizing the CC method, CC method + transformation, and CC method + flexible transformation, respectively. The pooled C-RF shape gives a summary of the associations between ED visits for respiratory conditions and ambient ozone. The estimated shapes indicate lower air health effects than the standard CC methods. Among three considered statistical models, the CC method + flexible transformation is the most appropriate to use according to the goodness of fit criterion.
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Meghisan, Georgeta-Madalina, and Dorin Toma. "Public health management: life expectancy and air pollution." Proceedings of the International Conference on Business Excellence 11, no. 1 (July 1, 2017): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/picbe-2017-0012.

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Abstract Part of the National Strategy of Sustainable Development from Romania, life expectancy and air pollution indicators have an important role in establishing long term public health management strategies. International scientific literature within the field underlines the strong connection between air pollution and life expectancy. This research study focuses on the impact of greenhouse gas emissions, particulate matter air pollutants, ozone air pollutants on the length of life at 65 years old and life expectancy at birth of the population from Romania. The methods used for research are correlation and linear regression. Our results will be a starting point for further development of public health policies in developing countries, which mostly focus on socio-economic aspects, neglecting the negative impact of air pollution.
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Dragone, Roberto, Giorgio Licciardi, Gerardo Grasso, Costantino Del Gaudio, and Jocelyn Chanussot. "Analysis of the Chemical and Physical Environmental Aspects that Promoted the Spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the Lombard Area." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 3 (January 29, 2021): 1226. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18031226.

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Recent works have demonstrated that particulate matter (PM) and specific meteorological conditions played an important role in the airborne transmission of the SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV. These studies suggest that these parameters could influence the transmission of SARS-CoV-2. In the present investigation, we sought to investigate the association between air pollution, meteorological data, and the Lombardy region COVID-19 outbreak caused by SARS-CoV-2. We considered the number of detected infected people at the regional and provincial scale from February to March 2020. Air pollution data were collected over the Lombardy region, nominally, sulphur dioxide, ammonia, nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen monoxide, carbon monoxide, ozone, and suspended particulate matter measuring less than 10 μm (PM10) and less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5). Meteorological data have been collected over the same region for temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed. In this work, we evaluated the combined impact of environmental pollutants and climate conditions on the COVID-19 outbreak. The analysis evidenced a positive correlation between spatial distribution of COVID-19 infection cases with high concentrations of suspended particulate matter and a negative relationship with ozone. Moreover, suspended particulate matter concentration peaks in February correlated positively with infection peaks according to the virus incubation period. The obtained results suggested that seasonal weather conditions and concentration of air pollutants seemed to influence COVID-19 epidemics in Lombardy region.
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CHATTERJEE, KALIPADA. "Atmospheric ozone monitoring in the Indian network in view of possibility of damage to the biosphere due to distortion of ozone layer." MAUSAM 37, no. 4 (April 7, 2022): 471–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v37i4.2568.

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Atmospheric ozone protects life on the earth from harmful ultraviolet radiation of wavelengths in the biologically important 300nanometre region. In recent year many workers in the field of atmospheric ozone have brought out the various effects of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) Oxides of chlorine (CIOx) and Hydroxyl radicals (HOx) on the ozone layer due to man made activities. It has been demonstrated by recent studies that monsoon season these man made chemicals like NOx, ClOx released in the troposphere due to industrializations may eventually deplete ozone in the stratosphere by as much as 5% at the present rate of discharge of these chemicals in the lower troposphere. This depletion of total ozone could cause an increase in the incident of skin cancer. Furthermore these are indications of the possibility that plant life and marine life and other ecological systems are also affected cultural planning by the changes in ultraviolet radiation. The ozone layer in the stratosphere controls the temperature & winds in the stratosphere and have a great influence in the general circulation & climate of the earth. Depletion of ozone in the stratosphere due to man made actitives, may therefore cause adverse effects on the earth’s climate. Model calculation indicate that early next Century the combined radiative effects of ozone and other trace gases would be of the same order as that calculated for CO2. Recent studies in the field of tropospheric ozone have indicated that due to man made activities possibility of sharp increase in the tropospheric ozone particularly in the industrially developed countries. This increase in the tropospheric ozone could adversely effect human health and plant life particularly forest resources. It has, therefore, become very important to accurately monitor atmospheric ozone on a routine and network basis over the entire globe by insitu, balloon borne and satellite measurements. The present paper brings out the results and analysis of total ozone, vertical ozone measurements by Umkehr and balloon sonde and tropospheric ozone measurements by ground based and balloon borne sondes made in the Indian network during the last decade (1970-1979) and various aspects of ozone profiles and variations and ozone trend analysis over the years have been presented and discussed in this paper.
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Catalano, Paul J., Louise M. Ryan, and Debra A. Kaden. "Statistical Design Aspects of the Ntp/Hei Collaborative Study on the Health Effects of Chronic Ozone Inhalation." Inhalation Toxicology 8, no. 3 (January 1996): 229–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/08958379609005432.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ozone Health aspects"

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Mitic, Constance M. (Constance Maria). "Spatial distribution and co-occurrence of surface-atmosphere exchange processes." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=68223.

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Grid-type flight patterns at an altitude of 30 m were executed in the summer of 1991 by the Canadian Twin Otter flux research aircraft over a 15 km x 16.5 km agricultural area, as part of the San Joaquin Valley Air Quality Study/California Ozone Deposition Experiment (SJVAQS/CODE). Fast-response on board sensors for turbulence, temperature and gas concentrations permitted the spatial mapping of fluxes of momentum, sensible heat, moisture, CO$ sb2$ and ozone. Flux maps were produced in the form of GIS-interpolated 1 km averages, and in the discrete form of those coherent structures of the turbulent process, intermittent in time and space, which dominate the exchange of scalars between the ground and the atmosphere. The magnitude of surface-related mesoscale contributions to the flux was also quantified. Flux observations were compared against radiometrically observed surface temperatures and vegetation indices (NDVI), observed from aircraft and satellite (NOAA AVHRR), and surface characteristics from ground surveys.
Flux maps showed the expected correspondence between greenness, evapo(trans)ration (ET) and CO$ sb2$ exchange. Discrepancies between ozone flux maps and maps of greenness, ET or CO$ sb2$ were more pronounced than would be consistent with the hypothesis of stomatal control of ozone uptake. More insight into control mechanisms on ozone exchange is gained by an examination of the spatial coincidence between transporting structures for the various scalars (heat, moisture, CO$ sb2$ and ozone), through the Jaccard coefficient of co-location (J), which showed a lower value ($ rm0.3
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He, Mike Zhongyu. "Air pollution and adverse health effects: Assessing exposure windows and sensitivity to modeling choices." Thesis, 2020. https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-dc4c-z009.

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Air pollution is one of the leading environmental problems of the 21st century, and the rise of global urbanization has increasingly exacerbated air pollution’s public health impact. Existing epidemiologic studies have tackled the relationship between air pollution and health from a variety of perspectives, but many areas of research remain lacking, including studies originating from developing countries, the assessment of exposure windows and sensitivity of modeling choices, and a better understanding of the climate change impacts on air pollution and health. In this dissertation, I address all of the issues mentioned above. Chapter 1 formally introduces the topics of this dissertation and summarizes background information on several major air pollutants. It then provides an overview of existing research on air pollution epidemiology and describes key knowledge gaps. In Chapter 2, we conduct a systematic review of the scientific literature for data on fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in China, where historical PM2.5 data are not widely available prior to 2013. Using the 574 PM2.5 measurements we identified from the literature, we detected differences in PM2.5 levels across both geographic and economic regions of China. In Chapter 3, we investigate the associations between short- and intermediate-term exposure of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and mortality in 42 counties in China from 2013 to 2015, and find evidence of significant associations up to seven days prior to exposure. In Chapter 4, we investigate the association between PM2.5 and hospitalizations in New York State using five separate exposure datasets from 2002 to 2012. We find that despite some fluctuations in effect estimates, the majority of models yielded consistently significantly harmful associations. In Chapter 5, we utilize a global chemistry-climate model to project ozone levels in 2050 under a variety of emissions scenarios and quantify the mortality impact associated with changes in ozone concentrations between 2015 and 2050 according to each scenario. We find that under climate change alone and adherence to current legislation, ozone-related deaths would increase. However, under a best-case scenario of maximum technologically feasible reductions in emissions, over 300,000 premature deaths related to ozone can be avoided. Finally, Chapter 6 summarizes the findings of this dissertation and discusses potential directions in future research. While much work remains to be done, this dissertation work takes an important step forward in closing existing knowledge gaps in the field of air pollution epidemiology. More importantly, we hope that our work sends a strong public health message on the importance of continuing research on air pollution and health.
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Kistnasamy, Emilie Joy. "The relationship between asthma and outdoor air pollutant concentrations of sulphur dioxide (SO2), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), ozone (O3) total reduced sulphates (TRS), carbon monoxide (CO) and respirable particulate matter less than 10 microns (PM10) in learners and teachers at Settlers Primary School in Merebank, south Durban." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/122.

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Thesis (M.Tech.: Environmental Health)-Durban Institute of Technology, 2005 1 v. : ill. ; 30 cm
South Durban is in the province of Kwazulu-Natal in South Africa and is home to two international petro-chemical refineries, a paper mill, sewage works, an international airport, a chemical tank farm with approximately 970 tanks, a number of landfill sites, an airport, various processing and manufacturing industries which are all in close proximity to residential and recreational areas. This area is known as the South Durban Industrial Basin (SDIB). Serious concerns have arisen about the potential health impacts that could arise from ambient air pollution from these industries. Learners and staff at the Settlers Primary School situated in Merebank, a suburb in the SDIB, perceived themselves to be at risk for air pollutant related health effects owing to the schools’ geographic location. The aims of this study was a) to determine the prevalence of asthma among learners from Grades 3 and 6 and staff at Settlers Primary School and b) To investigate whether outdoor air pollutant concentrations of sulphur dioxide (SO2), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), ozone (O3), total reduced sulphur (TRS), carbon monoxide (CO) and respirable particulate matter less than 10 microns (PM10) were associated with increased signs and symptoms of asthma in the study population.
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Books on the topic "Ozone Health aspects"

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California. Air Resources Board. Research Division., California. Air Resources Board. Technical Support Division., and California Air Resources Board, eds. Effects of ozone on health: Technical support document. [Sacramento, Calif.]: State of California, Air Resources Board, 1987.

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California. Air Quality Standards Section. Ambient air quality standard for ozone: Health and welfare effects : staff report. Sacramento, Calif.]: State of California, Air Resources Board, 1987.

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Kondratʹev, K. I︠A︡. Atmospheric ozone variability: Implications for climate change, human health, and ecosystems. London: Springer, published in association with Praxis Pub., Chichester, UK, 2000.

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1956-, Roemer Tim, and United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science., eds. The science behind the U.S. EPA's proposed revisions to the primary national ambient air quality standards for ozone and particulate matter: Hearing summaries, findings, and recommendations : report. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1997.

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Michigan Environmental Science Board. Air Quality Panel. Evaluation of air quality and human health scientific issues involving particulate matter and ozone: (a science report to Governor John Engler). Lansing, Mich: Michigan Environmental Science Board, 1997.

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Hiltermann, T. J. N. Air pollution and asthma: Epidemiologic and clinical experimental studies with ozone. Leiden: [University of Leiden], 1998.

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1947-, Cox Roger G., ed. Ozone, UV, and your health: 50 ways to save your skin. Merrillville, Ind: ICS Books, 1994.

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Missick, Peter. Health and safety impacts of citrus-based terpenes in printed circuit board cleaning. Lowell, Mass: Toxics Use Reduction Institute, University of Massachusetts Lowell, 1993.

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Health and climate change: Modelling the impacts of global warming and ozone depletion. London: Earthscan Publications, 1998.

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Air & Waste Management Association. Meeting. Proceedings: Papers from the 84th Annual Meeting and Exhibition : June 16-21, 1991, Vancouver, British Columbia. Pittsburgh, PA: Air & Waste Management Assoc., 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Ozone Health aspects"

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Rice, Rip G. "Health and Safety Aspects of Ozone Processing." In Ozone in Food Processing, 265–88. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118307472.ch15.

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Trillos, Juan Camilo Gomez, Dennis Wilken, Urte Brand, and Thomas Vogt. "Life Cycle Assessment of a Hydrogen and Fuel Cell RoPax Ferry Prototype." In Progress in Life Cycle Assessment 2019, 5–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50519-6_2.

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AbstractEstimates for the greenhouse gas emissions caused by maritime transportation account for approx. 870 million tonnes of CO2 tonnes in 2018, increasing the awareness of the public in general and requiring the development of alternative propulsion systems and fuels to reduce them. In this context, the project HySeas III is developing a hydrogen and fuel cell powered roll-on/roll off and passenger ferry intended for the crossing between Kirkwall and Shapinsay in the Orkney Islands in Scotland, a region which currently has an excess of wind and tidal power. In order to explore the environmental aspects of this alternative, a life cycle assessment from cradle to end-of-use using the ReCiPe 2016 method was conducted, contrasting the proposed prototype developed within the project against a conventional diesel ferry and a diesel hybrid ferry. The results show that the use of hydrogen derived from wind energy and fuel cells for ship propulsion allow the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions of up to 89% compared with a conventional diesel ferry. Additional benefits are lower stratospheric ozone depletion, ionizing radiation, ozone formation, particulate matter formation, terrestrial acidification and use of fossil resources. In turn, there is an increase in other impact categories when compared with diesel electric and diesel battery electric propulsion. Additionally, the analysis of endpoint categories shows less impact in terms of damage to human health, to the ecosystems and to resource availability for the hydrogen alternative compared to conventional power trains.
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Galán Madruga, David. "Implication of Secondary Atmospheric Pollutants in the Air Quality: A Case-Study for Ozone." In Environmental Sustainability - Preparing for Tomorrow. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95481.

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Air quality and Public Health are concepts linked to each other. Within the frame of Public Health, a wide range of external factors, derived from rising wastes towards all environmental compartments, may generate harmful effects on human health. In particular, the release of polluting compounds into the ambient air coming from emission sources is a paramount concern, given that atmospheric pollution is considered the most significant environmental risk for human beings. In this context, while this chapter to provide an overview of the most critical air pollutants that can depict air quality status in terms of exposure, potential effects, emission sources, and types of pollutants, the principal purpose is focused on secondary atmospheric pollutants, emphasizing to tropospheric ozone as a significant pollutant within this group. In this sense, aspects such as the atmospheric ozone chemistry responsible for its formation and its spatial distribution into vast territories, including urban, suburban, and rural environments, were conveniently explained. Based on displayed evidence, primaries air pollutants, mainly nitrogen oxides, volatile organic compounds, and carbon monoxide, are responsible for the tropospheric ozone’s formation; therefore, reducing their levels could be translated into a decrease of ozone concentrations at the ground-level. Attending to the ozone distribution, the revealed findings lead to the next concentration gradient: higher ozone levels in rural, followed by suburban and urban sites, respectively. Finally, it can be concluded that the importance of tropospheric ozone within air quality lies in the possibility of producing harmful effects on human health and generating climate changes, either directly or indirectly.
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Didwania, Ankit, and Vibha Patel. "Review of Weather-Affected Urban Air Pollution Forecast Models." In Artificial Intelligence of Things for Weather Forecasting and Climatic Behavioral Analysis, 234–46. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-3981-4.ch015.

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Weather affects air quality globally since different aspects of the weather like humidity, temperature, wind speed, and direction essentially affect the movement, creation, and concentration of various major air pollutants like surface ozone, PM 2.5, methane, carbon dioxide, etc. Air pollution is caused when an excessive amount of harmful substances like gases, particles, etc. are poured into our atmosphere which can severely affect the health of any living organisms. In this chapter, the most relevant weather affected urban air quality prediction papers are studied along with recent IoT systems developed for air pollution, and the authors observed that modern artificial intelligence algorithms are better than traditional statistical models. However, artificial intelligence-based algorithms cannot be directly compared effectively due to the hybrid nature of data sources used. Also, a need is identified to develop a powerful end-to-end model based on artificial intelligence algorithms and IoT systems.
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Berger, Antony R. "Linking Health To Geology." In Geology and Health. Oxford University Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195162042.003.0005.

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In staking the ground for any new field of science, its distinct character needs to be established. In our opinion, the already large literature on geology and health, including the chapters in this volume, provide two clear arguments for distinctiveness. First, medical geology extends the primary concern of geologists with the interactions between rocks, soils, water, and air to the effects of these interactions on the health of humans and other living organisms. Though one focus of medical geology is the search for the origins of disease in the natural geological background, there is also interest in the obvious benefits that the major, minor, and trace elements and the essential molecules found in soils, surface, and groundwater, and in the air we breathe, bring to health and well-being. Second, this new field is truly cross-disciplinary; it requires the melding of two distinct research efforts, the one focused on geology, with all its subdisciplines, and the other on living forms. Different viewpoints can be myopic, and to increase understanding of the health implications of the natural background requires the involvement not only of a wide range of earth scientists, but also of researchers and practitioners in medicine, dentistry, veterinary science, biology, botany, agriculture, and ecology, among others. From the viewpoint of the life scientists, medical geology could be regarded as a subdivision of “environmental medicine” (Möller 2000). This increasingly important aspect of medicine includes consideration of airborne pathways of disease, ozone depletion, algal blooms, the organohalogens, and mycotoxins found as part of the ‘ecology’ of the built environment (buildings, factories). In general, the purview is any factor in the natural or human environment that affects health. The term “geomedicine” has been used extensively, especially by the late J. Lag (1990). However, unlike the well-established fields of geophysics and geochemistry, in which physics and chemistry are applied to geology, the new field is clearly not about the relevance of medical principles to geology. Rather, it is concerned with the application of geological knowledge and techniques to a more integrated approach to public health.
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Conference papers on the topic "Ozone Health aspects"

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Schmidt, Marvin, Andreas Schütze, and Stefan Seelecke. "Cooling Efficiencies of a NiTi-Based Cooling Process." In ASME 2013 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2013-3249.

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Energy saving and environmental protection are topics of growing interest. In the light of these aspects alternative refrigeration principles become increasingly important. Shape memory alloys (SMA), especially NiTi alloys, generate a large amount of latent heat during solid state phase transformations, which can lead to a significant cooling effect in the material. These materials do not only provide the potential for an energy-efficient cooling process, they also minimize the impact on the environment by reducing the need for conventional ozone-depleting refrigerants. Our paper, presenting first results obtained in a project within the DFG Priority Program SPP 1599 “Ferroic Cooling”, focuses on the thermodynamic analysis of a NiTi-based cooling system. We first introduce a suitable cooling process and subsequently illustrate the underlying mechanisms of the process in comparison with the conventional compression refrigeration system. We further introduce a graphical solution to calculate the energy efficiency ratio of the system. This thermodynamic analysis method shows the necessary work input and the heat absorption of the SMA in stress/strain- or temperature/entropy-diagrams, respectively. The results of the calculations underline the high potential of this solid-state cooling methodology.
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Krzysik, David. "Utilization of the MK Combustion Optimization System™ to Maximize Combustion Efficiency in an Environment-First Fashion." In ASME 2004 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2004-52182.

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Nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions discharged into the atmosphere from fossil fuel combustion prove to have adverse effects on the environment and human health. Contributing factors include the formation of acid rain, ozone, degradation of visibility, and inhalable fine particles. In addressing these problems, environmental regulations are becoming more stringent on electric utilities. Low NOx burner (LNB) technology was developed to provide a cost-effective means of complying with the NOx Reduction Program under Title IV of the Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) of 1990. Prior to LNB technology, standard burners were designed to rapidly mix the fuel and oxidant, producing high combustion efficiency and large quantities of NOx. Limiting the reaction rate at which the air and fuel mix, particularly during the early stages of combustion, can effectively control NOx formation; however, this rate limitation tends to diminish combustion efficiency and proves to be the compromise of LNB technology. Controlling one aspect or the other can be intuitively easy, but controlling both is challenging and trade-offs are necessary. Identifying a happy medium between the standards of yesterday and today is necessary in the optimization of coal-fired combustion. The ultimate effect will improve commercial availability in an environment-first fashion.
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Ponnet, Mathieu, Michel Klein, André Rahier, Luc Noynaert, and Gérard Aleton. "Thorough Chemical Decontamination MEDOC®: An Effective Way to Reduce Metallic Waste Volume of the Dismantled Materials." In ASME 2001 8th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2001-1308.

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Abstract The dismantling of the BR3-PWR reactor leads to the production of large masses of contaminated metallic pieces, including structural materials, primary pipings, tanks and heat exchangers. One of the main objectives is to demonstrate that we can minimise the volume of radioactive waste in an economical way, by the use of alternative waste routes, such as recycling of material in the nuclear world, free release of material in the conventional industry after melting or free release of material after thorough decontamination. The SCK•CEN launched a decontamination program with the aim to free release as much of the dismantled metallic material as possible. The selected chemical decontamination process, so-called MEDOC® (MEtal Decontamination by Oxidation with Cerium), is based on the use of cerium IV as strong oxidant in sulphuric acid with continuous regeneration using ozone. An industrial installation has been designed and constructed in close collaboration with Framatome-France. This installation started to operate in September 1999 for the treatment of the metallic pieces arising from the dismantling of the BR3 reactor. Since the installation starts up, 21 tons of contaminated material has been treated batchwise with success. Up to now, MEDOC® has been accomplished as a batch process in which the decontamination reactor is loaded with a basket containing the contaminated material. The SCK•CEN is now considering the possibility of using the MEDOC plant to decontaminate large components before cutting them, such as the BR3 -steam generator and the pressurizer. The decontamination solution will be circulated between the MEDOC plant and the steam generator during the consecutive decontamination cycles. Each cycle will comprises a decontamination step followed by a regeneration step. For the steam generator, 30 cycles are estimated to be needed to reach the free release level after melting. The decontamination studies of large components are ongoing and take into account the technical aspects, the radiological and classical safety aspects, as well as financial aspects.
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Cabrera, Jan-Michael, Kristopher J. Overholt, Mustafa Abbasi, Howard N. Granzow, Derek J. Gordon, and Ofodike A. Ezekoye. "Glovebox Fire Suppression Experimental and Computational Characterization." In ASME 2013 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the ASME 2013 7th International Conference on Energy Sustainability and the ASME 2013 11th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2013-17549.

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Gloveboxes are generally used to protect workers from the potential hazards that arise in the materials they are working with. In the middle of the 20th century gloveboxes were mainly used to protect workers against radioactive materials. Factory Mutual investigated accidents involved in gloveboxes at nuclear facilities from 1956 to 1965 that resulted in damages and contamination clean up efforts reported at $1,232,000 ($8.5 million in 2012 dollars) [1]. Fire suppression systems are therefore a key aspect to glovebox safety. Use of water based systems generally result in undesired transport of hazardous materials [2]. Halon suppression systems were used but due to its large potential to deplete ozone was phased out in the latter part of the 20th century. Activation tests of a commercial automatic fire suppression system (Fire Foe™) containing heptaflouropropane (FE-36) fire suppressant were conducted within a glovebox at the University of Texas Fire Research Group’s burn structure. Ten tests were conducted at four different fire sizes: three 13 kW, one 20 kW, three 25 kW, and three 50 kW. Activation times and gas temperatures were recorded. Gas temperatures from experiments were compared against NIST’s Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) gas temperatures with good agreement. More stratification was observed in experimental temperatures compared to FDS temperatures. The time and spatially averaged net heat flux on a virtual Fire Foe™ tube from the FDS simulations were passed to a thermo-physical semi-empirical submodel to predict activation. The submodel did not capture the exponential nature observed in the data of activation times versus fire heat release rate. Work is continuing on improving the submodel to capture the observed events.
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Reports on the topic "Ozone Health aspects"

1

Van Hook, R., P. Fairchild, W. Fulkerson, A. Perry, J. Regan, and G. Taylor. Environmental, health, and CFC (chlorofluorocarbons) substitution aspects of the ozone depletion issue. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5293212.

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