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1

Galotto, M. J., S. A. Anfossi, and A. Guarda. "Oxygen Absorption Kinetics of Sheets and Films Containing a Commercial Iron-based Oxygen Scavenger." Food Science and Technology International 15, no. 2 (2009): 159–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1082013208106207.

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Absorption kinetics of three different forms of the same iron-based oxygen scavenger were studied. Oxygen scavengers were used as pellet, sheet, and film materials. Two scavenger concentrations were used for sheet and film forms. Scavenger samples were analyzed at 75 or 100% relative humidities and stored at 5, 15, and 25°C. Oxygen concentration in the headspace was measured as a function of time. Absorption kinetics was best described by the Chapman-Richards empirical growth model rather than by a first-order reaction. Arrhenius behavior was observed for variations in the final absorption rat
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2

Manns, P. J., C. R. Tomczak, and R. G. Haennel. "OXYGEN UPTAKE KINETICS." Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and Prevention 29, no. 5 (2009): 333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.hcr.0000361192.80278.bb.

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3

Lyman, John L., and Redus Holland. "Oxygen fluoride chemical kinetics." Journal of Physical Chemistry 92, no. 26 (1988): 7232–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100337a015.

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4

Faiia, A., and X. Feng. "Zeolite oxygen exchange kinetics." Chinese Science Bulletin 43, S1 (1998): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02891422.

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5

de Jesus, Kelly, Ana Sousa, Karla de Jesus, et al. "The effects of intensity on V̇O2 kinetics during incremental free swimming." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 40, no. 9 (2015): 918–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2015-0029.

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Swimming and training are carried out with wide variability in distances and intensities. However, oxygen uptake kinetics for the intensities seen in swimming has not been reported. The purpose of this study was to assess and compare the oxygen uptake kinetics throughout low-moderate to severe intensities during incremental swimming exercise. We hypothesized that the oxygen uptake kinetic parameters would be affected by swimming intensity. Twenty male trained swimmers completed an incremental protocol of seven 200-m crawl swims to exhaustion (0.05 m·s−1 increments and 30-s intervals). Oxygen u
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6

Zhang, Yong-Feng, Xiang-Yun Chen, Qian-Cheng Zhang, Chun-Ping Li, and Quan Zhou. "Oxygen-enriched combustion of lignite." Thermal Science 19, no. 4 (2015): 1389–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci1504389z.

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The study is concerned on the oxygen-enriched combustion kinetics of lignite. Thermogravimetric experiments were carried out in a thermogravimetric analyzer under O2/N2 conditions, and operated at different heating rates ranging from 5?C per minute to 25?C per minute. Flynn-Wall-Ozawa method was used to calculate the kinetic parameter. The value of activation energy increased when the oxygen concentration varied from 21% to 70%.
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7

Koschate, Jessica, Uwe Drescher, Christian Brinkmann, et al. "Faster heart rate and muscular oxygen uptake kinetics in type 2 diabetes patients following endurance training." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 41, no. 11 (2016): 1146–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2016-0001.

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Cardiorespiratory kinetics were analyzed in type 2 diabetes patients before and after a 12-week endurance exercise-training intervention. It was hypothesized that muscular oxygen uptake and heart rate (HR) kinetics would be faster after the training intervention and that this would be detectable using a standardized work rate protocol with pseudo-random binary sequences. The cardiorespiratory kinetics of 13 male sedentary, middle-aged, overweight type 2 diabetes patients (age, 60 ± 8 years; body mass index, 33 ± 4 kg·m−2) were tested before and after the 12-week exercise intervention. Subjects
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8

Trofè, Aurelio, Milena Raffi, David Muehsam, et al. "Effect of PEMF on Muscle Oxygenation during Cycling: A Single-Blind Controlled Pilot Study." Applied Sciences 11, no. 8 (2021): 3624. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11083624.

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Pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) are used as non-invasive tools to enhance microcirculation and tissue oxygenation, with a modulatory influence on the microvasculature. This study aimed to measure the acute effect of PEMF on muscle oxygenation and its influence on pulmonary oxygen kinetics during exercise. Eighteen male cyclists performed, on different days, a constant-load exercise in both active (ON) and inactive (OFF) PEMF stimulations while deoxyhemoglobin and pulmonary oxygen kinetics, total oxygenation index, and blood lactate were collected. PEMF enhanced muscle oxygenation, with h
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9

Khanh, Le Quoc. "A STUDY ON THE KINETICS OF OXYGEN REDUCTION FOCOAR." Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology 55, no. 5B (2018): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/55/5b/12216.

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In poor oxygenated environments the oxidation and growth of the living organisms are slowed or stopped, so that food is better preserved. The most appropriate method for oxygen depletion in the air-tight minienvironment is oxygen reduction with iron-based reducing agent, which can reduce the air oxygen concentration to about 0 %, and maintain this low oxygen concentration long during storage. This paper studies the kinetics of oxygen reduction by reducing agent FOCOAR in an airtight minienvironment under isobaric conditions. The kinetics of the reduction process calculated according to the rel
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10

Kutlugil’dina, Galiya G. "Kinetic scheme of apple pectin oxidative transformations under the action of the ozone-oxygen mixture." Butlerov Communications 61, no. 2 (2020): 79–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.37952/roi-jbc-01/20-61-2-79.

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Mathematical modeling of apple pectin oxidative transformations (AP) under the action of the ozone-oxygen mixture in aqueous solutions (the reaction system "AP + O3 + O2 + H2O") has been carried out. The kinetic scheme of the oxidation process was compiled basing on the well-known ideas of liquid-phase oxidation mechanisms of organic compounds (taking into account the currently known experimental results on AP oxidation). Using the "KhimKinOptima" software package for the proposed scheme, the inverse and direct chemical kinetics problems were solved. The well-known literature data on the rate
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11

Xu, Fan, and Edward C. Rhodes. "Oxygen Uptake Kinetics During Exercise." Sports Medicine 27, no. 5 (1999): 313–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00007256-199927050-00003.

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12

Paterson, D. H., J. G. Pickering, D. A. Cunningham, W. J. Kostuk, and D. R. Boughner. "OXYGEN KINETICS IN CARDIAC TRANSPLANTS." Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 21, Supplement (1989): S13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/00005768-198904001-00074.

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13

Patterson, D. H., J. G. Pickering, D. A. Cunningham, W. J. Kostuk, and D. R. Boughner. "Oxygen Kinetics in Cardiac Transplants." Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation 9, no. 9 (1989): 368. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00008483-198909000-00005.

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14

&NA;. "Free Communication/Slide - Oxygen Kinetics." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 40, Supplement (2008): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000321431.04829.9c.

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15

Maier, J. "Kinetics of oxygen stoichiometry changes." Solid State Ionics 129, no. 1-4 (2000): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-2738(99)00314-8.

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16

Fan, Z. G., Y. X. Zhuang, G. Yang, R. Shao, and G. F. Zhang. "Oxygen absorption kinetics in YBa2Cu3Ox." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 200, no. 1-2 (1993): 33–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0925-8388(93)90467-2.

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17

Wilson, Charles A., Bruce A. Berkowitz, and Diane L. Hatchell. "Oxygen kinetics in preretinal perfluorotributylamine." Experimental Eye Research 55, no. 1 (1992): 119–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0014-4835(92)90099-e.

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18

Tewari, Gaurav, Digvir S. Jayas, Lester E. Jeremiah, and Richard A. Holley. "Absorption kinetics of oxygen scavengers." International Journal of Food Science and Technology 37, no. 2 (2002): 209–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2621.2002.00558.x.

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19

Hsu, C. L., and J. S. Hsieh. "Reaction kinetics in oxygen bleaching." AIChE Journal 34, no. 1 (1988): 116–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690340113.

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20

Juliastuti, S. R., J. Baeyens, C. Creemers, and J. Degreve. "Determination of rate parameter for kinetics of nitrification." Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia 4, no. 2 (2018): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.5614/jtki.2005.4.2.7.

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Determination of rate parameter for kinetics of nitrification The nitrification process is the bottleneck step in the total nitrogen removal. The formation of nitrate is considered as the rate limiting step in the whole process and its kinetics determine the design of the nitrification reactor. Heavy metals (Zn2+ and Cu2+) and different organic compounds are used as micropollutants. These kinetics were experimentally measured by respirometry. In line with the aim of the paper, the experimental investigation are conducted to develop design equations to describe kinetic rate relationships under
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21

Hamo, Eliran, Avichay Raviv, and Brian A. Rosen. "Influence of Nanocrystalline Palladium Morphology on Alkaline Oxygen Reduction Kinetics." Catalysts 9, no. 7 (2019): 566. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9070566.

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The structure sensitivity of the alkaline oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) on palladium is of great interest as cost considerations drive the need to find a replacement for platinum catalysts. The kinetics of alkaline ORR were investigated on nanocrystalline palladium (Pd) films with domain sizes between 14 and 30 nm that were synthesized by electrodeposition from aqueous electrolytes. Ten Pd films were prepared under varying electrodeposition parameters leading to each having a unique texture and morphology. The sensitivity of initial alkaline ORR kinetics to the Pd surface structure was evalu
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22

Kendall, S. C., T. Moritani, G. H. Hartung, and C. Pratt. "MAXIMAL OXYGEN UPTAKE AND OXYGEN KINETICS IN CARDIAC PATIENTS." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 18, supplement (1986): S61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/00005768-198604001-00303.

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23

Miloš, Vojtěch, Petr Vágner, Daniel Budáč, et al. "Generalized Poisson-Nernst-Planck-Based Physical Model of the O2∣LSM∣YSZ Electrode." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 169, no. 4 (2022): 044505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ac4a51.

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The paper presents a generalized Poisson-Nernst-Planck model of an yttria-stabilized zirconia electrolyte developed from first principles of nonequilibrium thermodynamics which allows for spatial resolution of the space charge layer. It takes into account limitations in oxide ion concentrations due to the limited availability of oxygen vacancies. The electrolyte model is coupled with a reaction kinetic model describing the triple phase boundary with electron conducting lanthanum strontium manganite and gaseous phase oxygen. By comparing the outcome of numerical simulations based on different f
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24

Drescher, Uwe. "Impact of venous return on pulmonary oxygen uptake kinetics during dynamic exercise: in silico time series analyses from muscles to lungs." Journal of Applied Physiology 125, no. 4 (2018): 1150–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01058.2017.

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The aim of the present study was to investigate whether a single-compartment (SCM) and a multi-compartment (MCM) venous return model will produce significantly different time-delaying and distortive effects on pulmonary oxygen uptake (V̇o2pulm) responses with equal cardiac outputs (Q̇) and muscle oxygen uptake (V̇o2musc) inputs. For each model, 64 data sets were simulated with alternating Q̇ and V̇o2musc kinetics—time constants (τ) ranging from 10 to 80 s—as responses to pseudorandom binary sequence work rate (WR) changes. Kinetic analyses were performed by using cross-correlation functions (C
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25

Li, Wen Yan, Xing Lei Liu, Qiu Luan Chen, and Feng Ming Chu. "The Performance Research on Reaction of Fe2O3/Al2O3 Oxygen Carrier and CO in Chemical-Looping Combustion Process." Advanced Materials Research 550-553 (July 2012): 974–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.974.

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Chemical-looping combustion (CLC) is a novel technology, which has inherent property of separating the greenhouse gas CO2, which uses oxygen carriers to transfer oxygen for combustion from air to fuel. The reactivity of Fe2O3/Al2O3 oxygen carrier was assessed by measuring their ability to oxidize CO. The kinetics and mechanism of oxygen carrier have been studied by TG and DTG techniques. The kinetic mechanism function of the reaction between Fe2O3/Al2O3 and CO has been built using the Coats-Redfern equation.
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26

Koschate, Jessica, Uwe Drescher, Klaus Baum, et al. "Heart Rate and Oxygen Uptake Kinetics in Type 2 Diabetes Patients – A Pilot Study on the Influence of Cardiovascular Medication on Regulatory Processes." Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes 125, no. 05 (2017): 275–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-119526.

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AbstractThe aim of this pilot study was to investigate whether there are differences in heart rate and oxygen uptake kinetics in type 2 diabetes patients, considering their cardiovascular medication. It was hypothesized that cardiovascular medication would affect heart rate and oxygen uptake kinetics and that this could be detected using a standardized exercise test. 18 subjects were tested for maximal oxygen uptake. Kinetics were measured in a single test session with standardized, randomized moderate-intensity work rate changes. Time series analysis was used to estimate kinetics. Greater max
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27

Niemeyer, Max, Renate Leithaeuser, and Ralph Beneke. "Oxygen uptake plateau occurrence depends on oxygen kinetics and oxygen deficit accumulation." Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports 29, no. 10 (2019): 1466–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/sms.13493.

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28

Wu, Ling Nan, Xiao Ying Hu, Cheng Long Ma, Chang Qing Dong, Zong Ming Zheng, and Yong Ping Yang. "Study on the Oxygen-Rich Gasification of Municipal Waste." Applied Mechanics and Materials 713-715 (January 2015): 2905–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.713-715.2905.

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The gasification of municipal waste was a promising technology for the clean and effective disposal of municipal waste, the oxygen-rich gasification was thought to increase the heating value of the derived gasification gas. To get a better understanding of the effect of oxygen concentration on the reaction kinetics, TG analysis was performed using model municipal waste, the kinetic characteristics were obtained and corresponding model was built.
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29

Gawas, Ramchandra, Joshua David Snyder, and Maureen Tang. "Improved Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR) Kinetics Via Interfacial Engineering." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 42 (2022): 1542. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02421542mtgabs.

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Sluggish oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics, even on the best available catalyst (Pt), is one of the major challenges in widespread commercialization of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFC).1 Significant advances have been made towards making highly active Pt catalysts through nanostructuring, alloying, size, and shape control to mitigate these kinetic losses.2 An additional strategy for ORR activity enhancement is though the targeted engineering of the electrochemical interface. For example, Ionic liquid (IL) interlayers improve the ORR kinetics on bulk and nanostructured cat
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30

Grady, C. P. L., J. S. Dang, D. M. Harvey, A. Jobbagy, and X. L. Wang. "Determination of Biodegradation Kinetics through Use of Electrolytic Respirometry." Water Science and Technology 21, no. 8-9 (1989): 957–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1989.0298.

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The purpose of this work was to demonstrate that it is possible to determine the kinetics of biodegradation of single organic compounds by using only measurements of oxygen consumption in batch reactors. Batch experiments were conducted using acclimated biomass growing on aniline or benzoic acid in which simultaneous determinations over time were made of oxygen consumption, substrate removal (by SCOD, DOC and 14C) and cell growth. Kinetic parameters were estimated by applying nonlinear curve-fitting techniques to each of the data sets. There were no important differences between the parameter
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31

WALSH, L. Michael. "Possible Mechanisms of Oxygen Uptake Kinetics." Annals of physiological anthropology 11, no. 3 (1992): 215–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2114/ahs1983.11.215.

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32

Hayles, Justin A., and Bryan A. Killingsworth. "Constraints on triple oxygen isotope kinetics." Chemical Geology 589 (February 2022): 120646. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2021.120646.

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33

STEWART, IAN B., ANDREW C. BULMER, JAMES E. SHARMAN, and LYNNE RIDGWAY. "Arterial Oxygen Desaturation Kinetics during Apnea." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 37, no. 11 (2005): 1871–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000176305.51360.7e.

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34

Gottschalk, S., H. Hahn, S. Flege, and A. G. Balogh. "Oxygen vacancy kinetics in ferroelectric PbZr0.4Ti0.6O3." Journal of Applied Physics 104, no. 11 (2008): 114106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2988902.

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35

Schäfer, Dirk, Markus Ebert, Ralf Köber, Volkmar Plagentz, and Andreas Dahmke. "Kinetics of Oxygen Release from ORC." Bioremediation Journal 10, no. 1-2 (2006): 71–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10889860600835484.

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36

Narvaez Perez, Galo E., Galo E. Narvaez Alban, and Rafael Santelices. "Oxygen Kinetics During Specific Intermittent Work." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 41 (May 2009): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000354909.57096.73.

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37

Devine, R. A. B., J. J. Capponi, and J. Arndt. "Oxygen-diffusion kinetics in densified, amorphousSiO2." Physical Review B 35, no. 2 (1987): 770–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.35.770.

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38

Gupta, B. D., V. Vijai Kanth, and Veena Singh. "Organocobaloximes: synthesis, oxygen insertion and kinetics." Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 570, no. 1 (1998): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-328x(98)00809-2.

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39

Hackbarth, Steffen, Sebastian Pfitzner, Liang Guo, Jiechao Ge, Pengfei Wang, and Beate Röder. "Singlet Oxygen Kinetics in Polymeric Photosensitizers." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 122, no. 22 (2018): 12071–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b02052.

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40

Bartlett, Robert H., and Ronald E. Dechert. "Oxygen kinetics: Pitfalls in clinical research." Journal of Critical Care 5, no. 2 (1990): 77–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0883-9441(90)90051-a.

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41

Kovalev, A. S., D. V. Lopaev, Yu A. Mankelevich, et al. "Kinetics of in oxygen RF discharges." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 38, no. 14 (2005): 2360–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/38/14/010.

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42

Stan, M., Y. T. Zhu, H. Jiang, and D. P. Butt. "Kinetics of oxygen removal from ceria." Journal of Applied Physics 95, no. 7 (2004): 3358–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1650890.

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43

Dattagupta, S., and S. K. Ghoshal. "Kinetics of oxygen defect in YBCO." Bulletin of Materials Science 20, no. 4 (1997): 481–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02744760.

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44

Armstrong, Neil, and Alan R. Barker. "Oxygen Uptake Kinetics in Children and Adolescents: A Review." Pediatric Exercise Science 21, no. 2 (2009): 130–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/pes.21.2.130.

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The pulmonary oxygen uptake (pVO2) kinetic response at the onset of exercise provides a noninvasive window into the metabolic activity of the muscle and a valuable means of increasing our understanding of developmental muscle metabolism. However, to date only limited research has been devoted to investigating the pVO2 kinetic response during exercise in children and adolescents. From the rigorous studies that have been conducted, both age- and sex-related differences have been identified. Specifically, children display a faster exponential rise in the phase II pVO2 kinetics, which are purporte
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45

Uğuz, Özlem, Hanzade Haykiri-Açma, and Serdar Yaman. "Combustion kinetics of lignite preheated under oxygen-enriched conditions." Energy & Environment 31, no. 5 (2019): 813–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0958305x19882393.

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This study bases on the testing of the solid-state kinetic models to determine the combustion kinetics of thermally pretreated Turkish lignite (Adiyaman–Golbasi) in O2-enriched environment. The lignite sample was first preheated in a horizontal tube furnace at temperatures of 200°C, 400°C and 600°C that correspond to torrefaction, partly devolatilization and partly ashing temperatures. Oxidative environments that have the O2 concentrations of 21, 30, 40 and 50 vol.%. were created during this treatment by changing the ratio of O2/N2 in the binary gas mixtures. The solid residues remaining after
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46

Schmidtke, T. "Oxygen release kinetics from solid phase oxygen in Arctic Alaska." Journal of Hazardous Materials 64, no. 2 (1999): 157–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3894(98)00243-x.

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47

Hu, Wenting, Felix Donat, S. A. Scott, and J. S. Dennis. "Kinetics of oxygen uncoupling of a copper based oxygen carrier." Applied Energy 161 (January 2016): 92–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.10.006.

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48

ONARICI GÜNGÖR, ELVIN, CELIL KAÇOĞLU, ALI ONUR CERRAH, and İLKER YILMAZ. "Cardiovascular-metabolic responses and oxygen uptake kinetics during kayak paddling in normobaric hypoxia in young flatwater kayakers." Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity 13, no. 4 (2021): 59–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.13.4.07.

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Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate response of cardiovascular, metabolic and oxygen consumption kinetics at kayak paddling exercise in the normoxic and normobaric environment. Material and Methods: Seven kayakers (age: 16±1.2 year; height: 165±8.3cm; body weight: 53±8kg; fat percentage: 17±4.4%; VO2max: 34.57±9.24 ml.kg-1.dk-1; Maximal La: 8.72±2.75 mM) with four years’ experience participated in the study. All subjects performed incremental maximal and sub-threshold constant load kayak paddling tests in normoxic and normobaric hypoxic conditions on different days. According to m
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49

Pan, Xiao Feng, Le Fan Ma, Qin Qin Qu, Jia Liang Lan, and Li Hong Tan. "The Kinetics of Oxygen Delignification of Reed Kraft Pulp (I)-Kinetics of Delignification." Advanced Materials Research 236-238 (May 2011): 1420–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.236-238.1420.

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The kinetics of reed kraft pulp oxygen delignification process is studied, suitable kinetics model determined is -dk/dt=Aexp(-E/RT) [OH-]b[PO2]cKa, and the parameters in the model is calculated. The function for estimation of the kappa number at different reaction time is established for the reed kraft pulp oxygen delignification process. The reaction order fitted is 6.72 for delignification (a), 0.87 for alkali concentration (b), and 0.62 for oxygen pressure(c), respectively. The activation energy E is 80.96KJ/mol and frequency factor A 1.5×104.
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50

Setoodeh Jahromy, Saman, Felix Birkelbach, Christian Jordan, et al. "Impact of Partial Pressure, Conversion, and Temperature on the Oxidation Reaction Kinetics of Cu2O to CuO in Thermochemical Energy Storage." Energies 12, no. 3 (2019): 508. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12030508.

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Metal oxides are promising potential candidates for thermochemical energy storage in concentrated solar power plants. In particular, the Cu2O/CuO system is suitable because of its high energy density, applied temperature interval, and reduced cost compared to the CoO/Co3O4 system. In heterogenous gas-solid reactions, the pressure affects the kinetics significantly. To quantify this effect for oxidation of Cu2O to CuO, isothermal runs between 800 °C and 930 °C at different oxygen partial pressures (0.1, 0.2, 0.5, and 1.0 bar) were conducted with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Defined fractio
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