Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'OX2'
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Augustsson, Adam. "Reindeer Husbandry and Wind Power : Discourses surrounding the construction of IKEA's wind park on Glötesvålen and its local effects on reindeer husbandry." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för Urbana Studier (US), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-42460.
Full textExploateringen av mark i norra Sverige har orsakat en betydande förlust av betesmarker för renskötare. Detta hotar den svensk-samiska rennäringen, som förlitar sig på betesmarken för att hållbart mata sina hjordar. Under det senaste decenniet har en betydande mängd betesmark gått förlorad på grund av den ökande mängden vindkraftsparker (WPP) på, eller intillrenbetesmarker. Denna avhandling undersöker diskursen kring en WPP byggd i Härjedalen för IKEA. WPP byggdes på Glötesvålen, ett låg-fjäll som tidigare haft strategiskt viktiga betesmarker för samebyn Mittådalen. Genom en dissektion av elektroniska källor och halvstrukturerade intervjuer genomför författaren en diskursanalys för att identifiera de vanligaste narrativen om IKEAs vindkraftpark på Glötesvålen. En induktiv metod används för att identifiera underliggande ideologier som finns i diskursen genom ett relevant teoretisk ramverk. Resultaten visar en genomgripande entusiasm för vindkraft som ett steg mot förnybar energi. Detta narrativ speglar ideologin för ekologisk modernisering. Resultaten hittar också ett kritisk narrativ som lyfter den ojämna maktdynamiken som renskötarna upplever. Detta förstås genom Spivaks (2010) "Kan den underordnade tala?". Ytterligare en diskurs som upptäcks är symbolfrågan mellan industriell ekologisk omställning och bevarandet av renskötseln som kulturarv.
Thuo, Njeri. "The synthesis and characterization of poly[oxo(2-chloro-1, 4-phenylene) oxy terephthaloyl-co-(2chloro-1, 4-oxy carbonyl methylene oxo terephthayoly-co oxy(2-chloro-1, 4-phenylene methylene oxy oxy terephthaloyl]." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1992. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/1617.
Full textBoscaro, Mateus Eugenio. "Determinação de elementos químicos em plásticos biodegradáveis naturais e sintéticos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-26012015-144429/.
Full textConcerns about the accumulation of plastic waste and its consequent environmental impact have led scientists and chemical industry, in recent decades, to search for biodegradable plastics and plastics made with renewable raw materials. Among them are included poly (lactic acid), polycaprolactone, polyhydroxyalkanoates, starch polymers and synthetic polymers having additives which facilitate degradation, known as oxo-biodegradable. Due to production processes and use of additives and dyes, plastics may contain small amounts of chemical elements that are not part of the polymer molecules. For this reason, the objective of this study was to determine chemical elements in samples of biodegradable polymers, oxy-biodegradable and starch bags distributed in supermarkets by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF). The polymers of plastic bags were identified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Results of chemical analysis of unprocessed polymers have shown low concentrations of chemical elements. On the other hand, plastic bags have high concentrations of calcium, sodium, zinc and titanium, from the use of mineral fillers, dyes and other additives. In some bag samples, the concentration of zinc, cobalt, chromium, molybdenum and lead exceeded the limits established by the ABNT NBR 15448-2:2008 for biodegradable polymers. The analysis also indicated that the pro-oxidant additives used in the oxy-biodegradable bags are based on chemical compounds that contain iron. These results demonstrate that biodegradable plastics can be safely used in packaging and other applications, provided additives containing toxic chemical elements and other hazardous substances are avoided
Benincasa, Fabio. "DETERMINAÇÃO RÁPIDA E AUTOMÁTICA DE AÇÚCARES REDUTORES EM CALDO DE CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR." Universidade do Oeste Paulista, 2012. http://bdtd.unoeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/404.
Full textThe monosaccharides (glucose and fructose) present in the sugarcane are reducing sugars because they have free carbonyl group, able to oxidize in the presence of oxidizing agents. The classical analytical methods (Lane-Eynon, Benedict, EDTA complexometric-, the Luff-Schoorl method, Musson-Walker, Somogyi-Nelson) based on the reduction of copper ions in alkaline solutions. Some industries use sucroalcooleiras methodology Lane-Eynon, other apparatus REDUTEC®, and others perform the calculation of RS (reducing sugar). The aim of this study was to understand the relationship between the variation of electric conductivity measurement in millivolts, mass wears and concentration of RS, with equipment similar to that proposed by Horii and Gonçalves, properly adapted, tested mathematical models with broth of sugar cane and held the automation of analyses. We used the apparatus REDUTEC ®, digital scales, peristaltic pump, digital camcorder, graphics and mathematical programs. It is concluded that there is a mathematical correlation between electrical conductivity (mv), RS. The mathematical model is statistically efficient solution of low concentration of RS (<0.3%).
Os monossacarídeos (glicose e frutose) presentes na cana-de-açúcar são açúcares redutores por possuírem grupo carbonílico livres, capazes de se oxidarem na presença de agentes oxidantes. Os métodos analíticos clássicos (Lane-Eynon, Benedict, complexométrica-EDTA, Luff-Schoorl, Musson-Walker, Somogyi-Nelson) baseiam-se na redução de íons cobre em soluções alcalinas. Algumas indústrias sucroalcooleiras utilizam a metodologia de Lane-Eynon, outras o aparelho REDUTEC® e outras realizam o calculo de AR (açúcares redutores). O objetivo do presente estudo foi compreender a relação entre a variação da condutividade elétrica medida em milivoltagem, massa gasta e concentração de AR, com aparelho semelhante ao proposto por Horii e Gonçalves, devidamente adaptado, testou-se modelos matemáticos com caldos de cana-de-açúcar e realizou-se a automação das análises. Utilizou-se o aparelho REDUTEC®, balança digital, bomba peristáltica, câmera de vídeo digital, programas matemáticos e gráficos. Conclui-se que existe uma correlação matemática entre condutividade elétrica (mv), massas gasta e AR, O modelo matemático gerado é eficiente estatisticamente, para solução de baixa concentração de AR (< 0,3%).
Langlet, Abraham. "Nitration of Oxo-pyramidines and Oxo-imidazoles." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Kemi, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-601.
Full textQC 20100907
Langlet, Abraham. "Nitration of oxo-pyrimidines and oxo-imidazoles /." Stockholm, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-601.
Full textPohlmann, Juliana Gonçalves. "Avaliação da reatividade ao CO2 de chars obtidos em atmosferas convenional (O2/N2) e de oxi-combustão (O2/CO2) com vistas à aplicação no alto-forno." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/27923.
Full textPulverized coal injection (PCI) is used in the blast furnace tuyeres attempting to provide energy and reducing gases to the process. New technologies have been studied to improve PCI and to make ironmaking process suitable to environmental requirements. Oxy-fuel combustion technology consists of burning coal in a N2-free atmosphere, which is exchanged by a CO2-rich gas. Aiming at a possible application of oxy-fuel combustion in blast furnace, chars of three typical PCI coals of different ranks were obtained under conventional (O2/N2) and oxy-fuel (O2/CO2) atmospheres in drop tube furnace. The aim of this work was to evaluate the CO2 reactivity of these chars via thermogravimetric analysis by isothermal method at 1000ºC. Coals burnouts, BET surface areas of chars and chars morphology before gasification gave support in the reactivity results analyse. In general, the higher reactivities were observed for the lower rank coal chars. Reactivity increased when coal burnouts and chars BET surface areas also increased. The CO2 reactivities of conventional and oxy-fuel chars, obtained under the same oxygen content, have not shown significant differences.
Franco, Alexandre. "Nitro- e oxi-HPA no material particulado atmosférico: algumas contribuições para uma abordagem integrada." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/46/46133/tde-05122006-144151/.
Full textNitrated and oxygenated derivatives of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, nitro-PAH and oxi-PAH, can be found in the atmospheric particulate matter from the combustion of fossil fuel and biomass or as result of PAH reactions with atmospheric gases. Some nitro-PAH and oxi-PAH compounds present higher mutagenicity than their parent PAH. The objective of this research was to evaluate the nitro- and oxi-PAH levels in organic extracts of atmospheric particulate matter collected at the cities of Sâo Paulo, Araraquara, Piracicaba and Paulinia, over periods with and without sugar cane burning, to analyze the possible transport of pollutants at these regions and to determine the mutagenicity of the particulate matter . The atmospheric particulate matter was collected by high volume sampler over quartz fiber filter and extracted with soxhlet. Extracts were submited to HPLC to obtain PAH, nitro-PAH and oxi-PAH fractions, which were analyzed by the GC-MS. Both fractions and extracts were subjected to gravimetric determinations and biological tests. Specific compounds, 1-nitropyrene (1-NPir), 3-nitrofluoranthene (3-NFlt) and 6-nitrocrisene (6-NCri) were analyzed and only 6-NCri was not detected in any of the samples. The determined levels of nitro-PAH (maximum concentration = 0,86 ngm-3) were similar to that reported in the literature for other cities of the world. In all samples, the 3-NFlt level was higher than that of 1-NPir. Among the studied areas, São Paulo presented, in general, higher levels than Araraquara, Piracicaba and Paulinia, despite the high concentration of particulate matter found at these areas. All the studied sites presented higher levels of nitro-PAH during the winter, and it was not possible to verify if the emissions of sugar cane burning contribute to the levels of these pollutants. An increase of the nitro-PAH during the winter of 2002 was observed in São Paulo, the more deeply studied site, showing a seasonal variation. Similar levels of nitro-PAH were observed in the winter of 2001, 2002 and 2004. In 2003, the levels were even higher probably due to the long period without rain and favorable meteorological conditions to the stagnation of pollutants. Relating the nitro-PAH levels with the air masses trajectories, it was observed that the pollutants were transported from a region to another in only one out of the 15 studied cases. Among the oxi-PAH identified (5H-phenanthro(4,5-bcd)pyran-5-one, 1-phenanthene carboxylic acid, 4H-ciclopenta(def)crisene-4-one, 9,10-anthracenedione and benzanthrone), the 9,10-anthracenedione and benzanthrone are mutagenic and were found in the most of the samples. Finally, the mutagenicity of the nitro-PAH and oxi-PAH fractions accounted for the mutagenicity of the organic extract, due to the fact that the mutagenicity of the PAH fractions was very low and its contribution to the total mutagenicity was negligible.
Pereira, Daniela Cristina de Almeida. "Poluição em ambientes internos. Caracterização de espécies no material particulado de atmosferas escolares." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/46/46136/tde-12042018-094059/.
Full textNowadays, air pollution is a relevant issue for people and government agencies because of the health and climate effects. As important as the amount of particulate matter in the atmosphere, is also, its composition. The object of this study was to determine the concentration of PM10 and organic and inorganic species in samples collected in indoor and outdoor environment of three schools in the State of São Paulo, to evaluate air quality. The concentrations of PM10 were determined by gravimetry, then the samples were subjected to extraction, rotary evaporation, column fractionation, and the compounds were determined by gas chromatography coupled to the mass spectrometer; elemental carbon and organic carbon were determined by the thermooptical method, by the system developed at the University of Aveiro; the graphitic carbon was determined by reflectometry and the metals by EDXRF and some samples were analyzed by ion chromatography, at the Institute of Astronomy, Geophysics and Atmospheric Sciences of the University of São Paulo. PM10 samples were collected at the following sites: (i) school of Application, within the University City, an urban area that is influenced by a large vehicular route and local vegetation; (ii) Madalena de Almeida do Cais school, in the city of Nova Granada located about 475 kilometers from the city of São Paulo, with low population and few vehicles; (iii) private school in a residential neighborhood in the western zone, which suffers the influence of avenue with a large flow of vehicles. The results indicated that PM10 concentration was higher in indoor than outdoor environment in the school within USP. In the private school, the median concentration indicated that the outdoor environment presented a concentration of PM10 higher than the indoor environment. For the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, it was observed that both countryside school and campus school, a higher concentration of compounds in the indoor environment was found, only some high molecular weight compounds, attributed to vehicular emissions, were higher in the external environment. Diagnostic ratios indicated the burning of fossil fuels around the sites sampled. Samples collected in schools presented low health risks. 2-methylanthraquinone and benzo(a)anthracene-7,12-dione were found in the samples, denoting the influence of vehicle exhaust. The carbonaceous fraction (EC + OC) presented higher concentration in the outdoor environment and OC/EC ratio for the outdoor environment pointed to biomass burning. The graphite carbon source corroborated the traffic influence. For most of the elements, except for chromium, manganese and iron, the concentrations obtained in indoor environment were the highest, mainly derived from soil resuspension. Chromium and manganese are related to the emission of the vehicles that used the mixture gasoline and ethanol; iron is from the terrestrial crust. For the ions, the average concentration for outdoor environments presented the following trend: SO42-> NO3-> Na+> NH4+> Na+> K+> Mg2+> Cl- and for indoor environments was Ca2+> SO42-> NO3-> Na+ > NH4+> K+ > Cl-> Mg2+> F-. Most of the species showed the influence of soil resuspension; nitrate and sulfate were attributed to human activities, i. e., vehicular emission, and, the ammonium cation was formed by reactions from the degradation of the organic matter and the processes that occur in vehicular catalysts.
Yau, K. C. "The asymmetric synthesis of oxo-piperidines and oxo-pyrrolidines." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2014. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1451240/.
Full textRudolph, Martin. "Synthesis and characterization of magnetron-sputtered Ta₃N₅ thin films for the photoelectrolysis of water." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS094/document.
Full textTa₃N₅ is one of the most promising candidates for efficient water splitting using sunlight due to its band positions with respect to the oxygen and hydrogen evolution potentials and its small band gap of 2.1eV. Its synthesis, however, is challenging given its high content of nitrogen, with its low diffusivity, and the Ta metal atom in a high oxidation state. Few investigations into its synthesis by magnetron sputtering exist to date although this technique offers the possibility of tuning the ion-to-neutral flux ratio onto the growing film. This can change the supply of energy onto its surface and therefore promote the crystallization. In this thesis, reactive magnetron sputtering is investigated for the preparation of Ta₃N₅ thin films. It is shown that sputtering of a Ta target in an Ar atmosphere produces energetic backscattered Ar neutrals at high target potentials. To keep the potential low, Ta₃N₅ is deposited by sputtering in DC mode. The growth of the Ta₃N₅ phase requires the incorporation of oxygen into the lattice. It is shown that optical and electronic properties of these samples vary strongly with the precise amount of oxygen in the thin film. Samples with a high degree of crystallinity are obtained by increasing the N₂⁺ flux onto the substrate by changing the form of the magnetic field of the magnetron. The highly crystalline samples prepared by this method are proven to work as photoanodes for the splitting of water under illumination
Colim, Alexsandro Nunes. "Avaliação de adsorventes sólidos para a remoção de derivados de HPAs em solução." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2014. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/10565.
Full textHidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos nitrogenados e oxigenados (Nitro-HPAs e Oxi-HPAs) compõem a classe de compostos onde um heteroátomo de nitrogênio e oxigênio, respectivamente, esta presente na constituição do HPA. A inserção do heteroátomo acarreta numa maior mobilidade e aumento do potencial toxicológico. Neste trabalho foram investigados materiais adsorventes para a remoção de Nitro-HPAs e Oxi-HPAs a partir de soluções aquosas. Para isto, carvão ativado, espuma de poliuretano, fibra de quartzo, polietileno de alta densidade, politetrafluoretileno (teflon), Amberlite XAD-2 e sílica gel, foram avaliados como possíveis substratos sólidos. Quinolina, 1-nitronaftaleno, Acridina, Fenazina, 2-nitrofluoreno, 9-nitroantraceno e 1-nitropireno foram escolhidos como representantes à classe de compostos Nitro-HPAs. 2-naftol, 2-hidroxifluoreno, Fenantreno-9-carboxaldeído, 9,10-antraquinona e 1-hidroxipireno foram escolhidos como representantes à classe de compostos Oxi-HPAs. Os resultados foram obtidos através de ensaios em batelada. Para os Nitro-HPAs estudados, os adsorventes que apresentaram as maiores taxas de remoção foram: XAD-2 (100% de remoção em XAD-2, exceto pra Quinolina 80%) e carvão ativado (em torno de 90% para todos os compostos avaliados). Para os Oxi-HPAs estudados, as maiores taxas de remoção foram proporcionadas pelos adsorventes: espuma de poliuretano e carvão ativado, ambos com taxas de remoção superiores a 90%. Devido à baixa solubilidade dos compostos, a presença de um co-solvente se faz necessária. A temperatura mais baixa (20 ⁰C) favoreceu a adsorção dos compostos. De modo geral, ambas as classes (Nitro-HPAs e Oxi-HPAs) tem sua remoção influenciada pelo aumento da concentração do soluto em solução.
Kuan, Fong Sheen, and mikewood@deakin edu au. "Organotin-Oxo Clusters." Deakin University. School of biological and chemical sciences, 2002. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20051125.084244.
Full textWerneck, Jessica Sanchez de Freitas [UNIFESP]. "Estudo da Similaridade Genética de Amostras de Acinetobacter baumannii Produtoras de Carbapenemases do Tipo OXA Isoladas em Diversos Hospitais Brasileiros." Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2010. http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/9536.
Full textCentro de Integração Empresa Escola (CIEE)
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Fundação de Apoio e Desenvolvimento ao Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão Universitária no Acre (FUNDAPE)
Nesta dissertação são apresentados dois estudos envolvendo isolados clínicos de Acinetobacter baumannii que apresentaram mecanismos enzimáticos de resistência aos carbapenêmicos, a produção de carbapenemases do tipo OXA. O primeiro estudo avalia a relação genética de amostras de A. baumannii multirresistentes produtoras de OXA-23 provenientes de distintas cidades brasileiras. 91 amostras clínicas de A. baumannii foram isoladas em 17 centros médicos localizados nas cidades de São Paulo (SP), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Belo Horizonte (MG), Porto Alegre (RS), Blumenau (SC), Curitiba (PR), São Luiz (MA) e Salvador (BA). Nesta coleção observamos altas taxas de resistência aos carbapenêmicos (91.2%) e presença do gene blaOXA-23-like em 83,5% dos isolados. O elemento de insersão ISAba1 à montante ao gene blaOXA-23 foi detectado em todos os 76 isolados de A. baumannii produtores de OXA-23. Nove grupos de genótipos foram observados entre os 76 isolados produtores de OXA-23. Nossos achados sugerem que o gene blaOXA-23 presente nestes isolados estava localizado DNA cromossomal. Três principais grupos (A, B e D) foram observados circulando em seis cidades das regiões sudeste e sul do Brasil, sendo que o genótipo predominante (A) apresentou relação clonal àquele primeiramente descrito na cidade de Curitiba, em 2003. Em contrapartida foi encontrado um único genótipo de A. baumannii produtor de OXA-23 na cidade de São Luís. Embora existam estudos brasileiros prévios reportando a disseminação de clones de A. baumannii pordutores de OXA-23 localmente, nenhum estudo brasileiro demonstrou antes, i) a análise comparativa dos genótipos originários de diferentes e distantes cidades brasileiras, ii) a provável localização do gene blaOXA-23 e iii) a presença do elemento ISAba1 à montante ao gene blaOXA-23,o que pode ter levado ao alto grau de resistência aos carbapenens observado. Desta maneira, o estudo demonstra a circulação de clones de A. baumannii produtores de OXA-23 no Brasil e enfatiza que medidas de controle de infecção são urgentemente necessárias para reduzir tanto a disseminação de isolados multirresistenes quanto o número de infecções causadas por este patógeno. O segundo estudo trata de um relato de caso de um paciente internado em um hospital da cidade de São Paulo, que apresentou uma infecção por A. baumannii produtor de OXA-72. O isolado em questão, A 30235, apresentou resistência a todos os antimicrobianos testados, com excessão à ampicilina/sulbactam tendo apresentado redução da sensibilidade a esta associação. Foi realizada com sucesso a transformação do plasmídeo presente no isolado A30235 na cepa de A. baumannii ATCC 19606. A confirmação da presença do gene blaOXA-72 no transformante evidenciou a localização plasmidial deste determinante de resistência. O plasmídio contendo o gene blaOXA-72 apresentou um peso molecular de aproximadamente 86 Kb. Neste estudo identificamos pela primeira vez no Brasil, um isolado clínico de A. baumannii produtor de OXA-72. A presença deste determinante de resistência codificado por um gene localizado em um elemento genético móvel demonstra a crescente diversidade de carbapenemase do tipo OXA no Brasil com potencial de disseminação. Medidas de controles adequadas deverão ser tomadas para evitar a disseminação de isolados produtores de OXA-72 entre os hospitais brasileiros, o que tem ocorrido com os isolados de A. baumannii produtor de OXA-23.
In this dissertation we present two studies involving carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates due to the production of carbapenems modifying enzymes, the OXA-type carbapenemases. The first study aimed to determine the genetic relationship of multi-drug-resistant A. baumannii producing OXA-23 that was isolated in distinct Brazilian cities. A total of 91 A. baumannii clinical isolates were recovered from 17 medical centers located at eight cities, namely São Paulo (SP), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Belo Horizonte (MG), Porto Alegre (RS), Blumenau (SC), Curitiba (PR), São Luiz (MA) and Salvador (BA). In this collection we observed high rates of carbapenems resistance (91.2%). Also, the blaOXA- 23-like gene was present in 83.5% of isolates. The insertion sequence ISAba1 was positioned upstream the blaOXA-23 gene in all OXA-23-producing A. baumannii identified. Nine clusters were observed among OXA-23 producers. Our fidings suggest that the blaOXA-23 gene was probably chromosomally-located in all isolates studied. Three clusters (A, B and D) were found in six cities from southeast and southern reagions of Brazil. In addition, the predominant cluster (A) was clonally related to that first described in Curitiba, in2003. In contrast, a single cluster of A. baumannii producing OXA-23 was found in São Luís city. Although there were previous reports regarding the spread of OXA-23-producing A. baumannii in Brazil the following features had not yet been assessed: i) the comparative analysis of OXA-23 producers genotypes originating in distinct and distant Brazilian cities, ii) the genetic location of the blaOXA-23 gene and iii) the presence of ISAba1 upstream blaOXA-23 probably resulting in high degree of carbapenem resistance. Thus, our study demonstrates that the clonal dissemination of OXA-23- producing A. baumannii had occurred in Brazil. These findings emphasize that infection control measures are urgently needed to reduce both the spread of multidrug resistantstrains and the number of infections caused by this pathogen. The second study refers to a case report involving a hospitalized patient that presented an wound infection due to OXA-72-producing A. baumannii. The referred clinical isolate, A 30235, was resistant to most antibiotics tested and showed reduced susctptibility to ampicillin/sulbactam. Successful transformation assays using A. baumannii ATCC 19606 as the recipient strain revealed the plasmid location of the blaOXA-72 gene. This plasmid showed molecular weight of about 86 Kb. We identified for the first time in Brazil, an A. baumannii clinical isolate producing OXA-72. The presence of this resistance determinant encoded by a gene located in a mobile genetic elemet, points out to an increasing diversity of OXA-type carbapenemase in Brazil with potential spread. Appropriate control measures should be taken to prevent the spread of OXA-72 producers among Brazilian hospitals, which it we have experienced with OXA-23- producing-A. baumannii in this country.
TEDE
BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações
Stern, Eric. "Nouveaux agonistes des récepteurs aux cannabinoïdes CB², dérivés de 4-oxo-quinoléines, 4-oxo-naphtyridines et 4-oxo-cinnolines." Lille 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LIL2S013.
Full textCancer, second cause of mortality nad morbidity in the developed countries, just after cardiovascular diseases, results from a deregulation of the genetic cell program leading to its immortality and its uncontroled proliferation. In France in 2004, about 40,000 new cases of prostate cancer were diagnosed. Prostate cancer reaches in general old people and represents the second cause of death per cancer, after lung cancer. Because of the ageing of the population of developed countries, the number of prostate cancer patients will increase. In order to solve problems related to the use of traditional anti-cancer drugs (lack of selectivity, resistance. . . ), the development of new therapeutic strategies to treat prostate cancer proves to be essential. Since 1997, Δ9-THC ( Δ9 – tétrahydrocannabinol, the major psychoactive component of Cannabis sativa L. ) is currently used to treat nausea and emesis in cancer patient undergoing extensive chemotherapy. Moreover some cannabis-based drugs are in phase three clinical trials for treating pain associated with cancer. Since Δ9-THC characterization in the sixties, many improvements have been made in cannabinoid pharmacology knowledge, particularly, in the nineties with the discovery of two G-protein coupled receptors : the CB1 receptor, which is mainly located in the central nervous system (CNS), and the CB2 receptor which is principally present in the immune system. Thanks to the development of a great variety of new synthetic ligands, the study of these receptors has revealed the anticancer potency of the cannabinoid receptors agonists. CB1 receptor stimulation could induce undesirable effects due to its CNS localization, so we proposed to study the anticancer potency of CB2-selective agonists. In order to develop new potent CB2-selective ligands, a 98-compound library was built using a central heterocyclic ring as quinoleine, naphthyridine or cinnoline, substitued in position 3 by various carboxamido substituents, and hydrophobic side chains in the N1-position. Pharmacological results revealed a strong CB2 selectivity, and an agonist profile for all compounds. Thus, some chemical modulations were next realized as : replacement of the carboxamide link, in position 3, by inverse amide analogue or its reduction in secondary amine ; introduction of differentsubstituents on the position 2, 5, 6, 7 and 8 ; modulation of the N1-position side chain. Anticancer potency of these new potent CB2 receptor ligands was investigated using different prostate cancer cell lines
Webb, Gordon A. "Radiopharmaceutical applications of technetium 3-oxy-4-pyrones and 3-oxy-4-pyridinones and gallium 3-oxy-4-pyridinones." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29206.
Full textScience, Faculty of
Chemistry, Department of
Graduate
Chesnaud, Anthony. "Oxy-gallates et oxy-germanates de terres rares conducteurs par ions oxygène." Nantes, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NANT2047.
Full textBlättermann, Stefanie [Verfasser]. "Functional characterization of the 5-oxo-ETE receptor OXE-R and identification of the first small molecule antagonist with a novel mechanism of ligand bias / Stefanie Blättermann." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2011. http://d-nb.info/104484700X/34.
Full textSchumacher, Rüdiger. "Reaktivität m-oxo-m-acetato-verbrückter [my-oxo-my-acetato-verbrückter] Eisen- und Mangankomplexe." [S.l. : s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=962378852.
Full textBarbieri-Arhancet, Graciela I. "New oxy-dihydrofuran annulation methodology." Diss., This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09162005-115038/.
Full textLedger, Joanne Rachel. "Polycationic and oxo-functionalized cyclophosphazenes." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.533993.
Full textMehner, Alexander. "Zwillingspolymerisation von Titan-oxo-Verbindungen." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-222231.
Full textGauvreau, Danny. "Enantioselective tandem oxy-copeene reaction." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26374.
Full textPotron, Anaïs. "Résistance aux carbapénèmes médiée par les carbapénèmases de type OXA-48 chez les entérobactéries." Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA114850.
Full textCarbapenems are often the last therapeutic option for treating infections involving multiresistant ESBL-producing bacteria. Nevertheless, enterobacteria have developped resistance mechanisms toward this class of antibiotics, including carbapenemases production. Carbapenemase OXA-48 has rapidly spread throughout Europe and various countries of Mediterranean area since 2010. The aim of this work was first to characterize three variants of the carbapenemase OXA-48, each possessing phenotypic or genetic characteristics. We focused on the epidemiology of carbapenemase OXA-48 in order to understand the mechanisms of its dissemination and on the variability of its genetic environment. The last objective was to determine the genetic factors responsible for the spread of carbapenemase OXA-48. We have shown that the OXA-48-type carbapenemases possess all the molecular elements to ensure its success: mobilization by an active transposon for some variants, efficient transfer of plasmids and clonal spread of strains
Szuromi, Endre. "Alkene-oxo and alkene-alkene coupling on Pt(II)." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4156.
Full textThe entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file viewed on (November 14, 2006) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
Clausen, Christian. "Dianionische Oxy-Cope-Umlagerungen durch die Addition von Vinyl-Metall-Reagenzien an 1,2-Diketone." [S.l. : s.n.], 1998. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=95482346X.
Full text黃國賢 and Kwok-yin Wong. "Syntheses, reactivities and electrochemical studies of some high valent oxo complexes of ruthenium." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1986. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31230763.
Full textWong, Kwok-yin. "Syntheses, reactivities and electrochemical studies of some high valent oxo complexes of ruthenium /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1986. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12322623.
Full textLupart, Saskia. "Syntheses of multinary Lithium (Oxo)nitridosilicates." Diss., lmu, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-147249.
Full textEkholm, Marie. "OX1 Orexin Receptor Signalling to Phospholipases." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Fysiologi, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-111138.
Full textŠušnjar, Nevena. "Towards rhodium and iridium oxo complexes." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=979943604.
Full textMorris, Susan. "Oxo species of zirconium and yttrium." Thesis, University of Reading, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240334.
Full textGünyar, Alev Topaloğlu Sözüer Işıl. "Oxo-Imido molybdenum tripyrazolyl borate complexes/." [s.l.]: [s.n.], 2004. http://library.iyte.edu.tr/tezler/master/kimya/T000464.pdf.
Full textWeiss, Vitor Correa. "Complexos de vanádio(IV) não oxo." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2012. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/93103.
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A existência de diferentes estados de oxidação é uma característica importante na química dos metais de transição. O potencial de oxirredução de um complexo metálico não depende somente da natureza do íon metálico. A presença de um ligante complexado ao metal altera a densidade eletrônica sobre os centros metálicos e a estabilidade dos mesmos, afetando os potenciais de oxirredução dos íons metálicos. Neste sentido, apresenta-se neste trabalho a síntese e caracterização de quatro novos ligantes H4btben-Br, H4btben-NO2, H4btben e H4btben-CH3, que diferem exclusivamente na presença dos grupos substituintes Br, NO2, H e CH3 nas posições para aos grupos fenolatos, e seus respectivos complexos de vanádio(IV) não-oxo, com o objetivo de estudar a variação no potencial redox do metal devido a presença desses substituintes. Os complexos foram caracterizados pelas técnicas de espectroscopia no infravermelho, UV-Vis e Ressonância Paramagnética Eletrônica (EPR). Os complexos [V(btben-NO2] e [V(btben)] também foram caracterizados através de suas estruturas cristalinas por difração de raios X. Para estudar a influência no potencial redox do íon metálico pelos quatro grupos substituintes Br, NO2, H e CH3, foram realizados estudos eletroquímicos dos complexos através do método de voltametria cíclica a diferentes velocidades de varredura e seus potenciais correlacionados com os parâmetros de Hammett dos respectivos substituintes, onde se observou uma correlação linear, demonstrando uma influência direta dos grupos nos potenciais redox desses complexos.
Spiegl, Nicolas. "Oxy-fuel gasification in fluidised beds." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/7028.
Full textFant, Bruno. "Importance du contexte cellulaire et de la régulation spatio-temporelle de l'expression du facteur de transcription Otx2 dans la modulation de ses fonctions." Thesis, Nice, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NICE4100/document.
Full textThe molecular mechanisms explaining several functions of the homeogene Otx2 during embryonic development are the focus of this work. In a first part the importance of the regulation of its expression in the regionalisation of the central nervous system is studied. At the end of gastrulation the posterior border of Otx2 expression will position the isthmic organizer responsible for the induction of the midbrain and hindbrain. A mouse model was developed where this border is replaced by an ubiquitous expression of the gene. Contrary to the predictions of the current model, the organizer then correctly arises, and is shifted anteriorly. A concentration threshold of Otx2 thus appears necessary to its regionalising function. In a second part the importance of the cellular context in Otx2 function in the adult retina is examined. Otx2 is expressed in both tissues of this organ, the neural retina and RPE. A ChIP-seq analysis performed on both tissues revealed that this homeogene occupies very different sets of binding sites, which suggests distinct functions of the transcription factor. Most Otx2-bound sites in the neural retina were also bound by its paralogue Crx, with which a functional redundancy may therefore exist. A new mouse line finally allowed the study of the complete Otx2 interactome in the neural retina; this analysis showed that Otx2 does not interact with other important transcription factors of this tissue, and that Crx may therefore be the main actor of the Otx family in neural retina function. It also led to the discovery of a series of previously unknown partners of Otx2, which could be associated to new functions of this homeogene
Marvilliers, Sandrine. "Synthèses, caractérisations et études du comportement en oxydation de complexes dinucléaires fer-oxo et manganèse-oxo d'intérêt biologique." Paris 11, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA112302.
Full textLeedham, Angela Priscilla. "Imido analogues of main group oxo-anions." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.247865.
Full textKassim, Mohammad B. "Studies of nitrosyl and oxo molybdenum complexes." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.274612.
Full textGreen, G. "Transition metal oxo-complexes as organic oxidants." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/37711.
Full textTorero, Ibad Raoul. "Otx2 et neuroprotection de la rétine adulte." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066203.
Full textThe transcription factor Otx2, homeoprotein of the bicoid family is expressed in the retina of adult mice. Otx2 mRNA is detected in photoreceoptors and bipolar cells. In addition to these cells, Otx2 protein is also found in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) where the mRNA is not detected. Recent results showed that RGCs can take up exogenous Otx2 and thus it is possible that the Otx2 observed in RGCs was transferred from bipolar cells. The Engrailed homeoprotein can be taken up by dopaminergic neurons and can stimulate the survival of these cells both in vivo and in vitro. We demonstrate here that Otx2 is a survival factor for adult neurons. The first part of this report analyses retina structure and function in hypomorphic transgenic Otx2 mice. We show that Otx2 expression during adulthood is necessary for the maintenance of neural populations in the retina. We emphazyse the neurodegeneration of bipolar cells and cone cells related to Otx2 level expression. In the second part, we demonstrate that Otx2 protein stimulates the survival of adult ganglion retinal cells in vitro and in vivo in stressed conditions. We show that recombinant Otx2 protein added to adult RGCs cultures significantly increases survival of the cells. This neuroprotection is also demonstratred in vivo in a model of excitotoxicity by intraocular injection of NMDA. Finally, using the optomotor test of visual acuity in awake behaving mice, we demonstrate that Otx2 protects against the loss of visual acuity caused by NMDA. Finally, in the third part, we show that, in addition to neuroprotective properties, Otx2 stimulates axon regeneration from adult RGC in vitro on permissive and non-permissive substrates. This axon regeneration promoting activity by Otx2 is also demonstrated in vivo in an optic nerve crush model in adult mice
Burchfield, Nicole Ashley. "Narrow Angle Radiometer for Oxy-Coal Combustion." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2020. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/8423.
Full textTreuil-Dussouet, Félix. "Photoconductivity in rare earth metal-oxy-hydrides." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Materialteori, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-416695.
Full text錢國輝 and Kwok-fai Chin. "Syntheses, electrochemistry and photophysical and photochemical properties of some high-valent oxo, nitrido and amido complexes ofosmium." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1995. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31234756.
Full textChin, Kwok-fai. "Syntheses, electrochemistry and photophysical and photochemical properties of some high-valent oxo, nitrido and amido complexes of osmium /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1995. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B17506128.
Full textBlondin, Geneviève. "Interaction d'echange, delocalisation electronique et couplage vibronique dans des complexes fer-soufre, fer-oxo et manganese-oxo d'interet biologique." Paris 11, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA112015.
Full textLima, Francisco das Chagas Alves. "Estudo teórico de propriedades químicas de sistemas hetero-macrocíclos que complexam metais de transição divalentes da primeira e segunda filas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75131/tde-23062008-155103/.
Full textA detailed theoretical study of structures and energies of the 1,7,1l,17-tetraoxa-2,6,12,16-tetraaza-cycloeicosane ligand ([20]AneN4O4) coordinated to Fe2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Ru2+, Rh2+ and Pd2+ transition metals ions was carried out with the B3LYP/Lanl2DZ method. The geometries of the complexes were fully optimized in Cs symmetry with the metal ions coordinated either to four atoms nitrogen (complexes 1a e 1b) or to the four atoms oxygen (complexes 1aq e 1bq). The octahedral and square planar arrangements were considered in this work. The theoretical structure is in excellent agreement with the experimental X-ray diffraction structure determination for the [20]AneN4O4 octahedral Ni2+ complex. The M2+ cations bind preferentially to the nitrogen atoms with binding energies that increase in the order Fe2+ < Ru2+ < Co2+ < Ni2+ < Rh2+ < Pd2+. For the first-row transition metals, the highspin complexes are more stable than the low-spin complexes. In contrast, for the second-row of transition metals, the low-spin states were found more stable than the high spin states. The metal-ligand bonds in the complexes were analyzed in terms of the covalent and ionic interactions and helped to understand why complexes (1a e 1aq) are more stable than complexes (1b e 1bq). The polyamines [20]aneN4 and polyethers [20]aneO4 complexes were obtained substituting the atoms N or O of the alfa position of the macrocycles [20]aneN4O4 and [20]aneO4N4, respectively. The macrocycle [20]aneO4 prefers to complex first-row transition metals; however, the macrocycle [20]aneN4 prefers to complex second-row transition metals.
MacLean, Peter Ross. "Applications of a hydroxy-directed Diels-Alder reaction and further investigation of the tandem oxy-CopeEne, and oxy-CopeEneClaisen reactions." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26418.
Full textBerger, Erik. "Heterometallic Oxo-Alkoxides of Europium, Titanium and Potassium." Licentiate thesis, Uppsala University, Inorganic Chemistry, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-121653.
Full textCoordination compounds of europium and titanium with oxide, ethoxide (OCH2CH3), iso-propoxide (OCH(CH3)2) and tert-butoxide (OC(CH3)3) ligands have been studied. These belong to the general class of oxo-alkoxides, MxOy(OR)z, with alkoxide ligands (OR) containing an organic, aliphatic part R. The R group can be systematically varied, permitting the investigation of the influence of electronic and steric effects on the coordination of metal and oxygen atoms. Their tendency towards hydrolysis and formation of metal-oxygen-metal bridges also makes (oxo)alkoxides interesting as precursors in liquid solution-based or gas phase-based synthesis of many technologically important materials.
The structure of a termetallic oxo-alkoxide of formula Eu3K3TiO2(OH/OCH3)(OR)11(HOR) (R = C(CH3)3) was revealed by a combination of single-crystal X-ray diffraction and IR spectroscopy. Its unusual structure features a facial oxygen-centered Eu3K3O octahedron sharing one face with an oxygen-centered K3TiO tetrahedron. Six-coordination of oxygen by a combination of alkali metal and lanthanoid atoms is not uncommon for alkoxides, but the attachment of a tetrahedron to one of its faces provides a new dimension to the library of oxo-alkoxide structures. The structure was the result of incomplete metathesis in the synthesis attempt of europium-titanium oxo-tert-butoxides.
Eu4TiO(OR)14 and (Eu0.5La0.5)4TiO(OR)14 (R = CH(CH3)2) were found to be isostructural with previously published Ln4TiO(OR)14 structures (Ln=Sm, Tb0.9Er0.1). X-ray diffraction and UV-Vis absorption results show no site preference for La in either the solid state or hexane solution. The Ln4TiO(OR)14 structure forms part of an interesting group of Ln4MO(OR)10+z(HOR)q structures where M is another lanthanoid (Ln) or a di-, tri- or tetravalent heteroatom, giving either a square pyramidal or a trigonal bipyramid-like coordination of the central oxygen atom, depending on the chemistry and size of M.
Eu2Ti4O2(OR)18(HOR)2 (R = CH2CH3) was deduced from IR data to have the same molecular structure as Er2Ti4O2(OR)18(HOR)2. UV-Vis measurements are also in agreement with the presence of one symmetry-unique europium site in the molecular structure. Structure determination by single-crystal X-ray diffraction has yet to be performed.
Coordination compounds of europium and titanium with oxide, ethoxide (OCH2CH3), isopropoxide(OCH(CH3)2) and tert-butoxide (OC(CH3)3) ligands have been studied. Thesebelong to the general class of oxo-alkoxides, MxOy(OR)z, with alkoxide ligands (OR)containing an organic, aliphatic part R. The R group can be systematically varied, permittingthe investigation of the influence of electronic and steric effects on the coordination of metaland oxygen atoms. Their tendency towards hydrolysis and formation of metal-oxygen-metalbridges also makes (oxo)alkoxides interesting as precursors in liquid solution-based or gasphase-based synthesis of many technologically important materials.The structure of a termetallic oxo-alkoxide of formula Eu3K3TiO2(OH/OCH3)(OR)11(HOR)(R = C(CH3)3) was revealed by a combination of single-crystal X-ray diffraction and IRspectroscopy. Its unusual structure features a facial oxygen-centered Eu3K3O octahedronsharing one face with an oxygen-centered K3TiO tetrahedron. Six-coordination of oxygen bya combination of alkali metal and lanthanoid atoms is not uncommon for alkoxides, but theattachment of a tetrahedron to one of its faces provides a new dimension to the library of oxoalkoxidestructures. The structure was the result of incomplete metathesis in the synthesisattempt of europium-titanium oxo-tert-butoxides.Eu4TiO(OR)14 and (Eu0.5La0.5)4TiO(OR)14 (R = CH(CH3)2) were found to be isostructuralwith previously published Ln4TiO(OR)14 structures (Ln=Sm, Tb0.9Er0.1). X-ray diffraction andUV-Vis absorption results show no site preference for La in either the solid state or hexanesolution. The Ln4TiO(OR)14 structure forms part of an interesting group of Ln4MO(OR)10+z-(HOR)q structures where M is another lanthanoid (Ln) or a di-, tri- or tetravalent heteroatom,giving either a square pyramidal or a trigonal bipyramid-like coordination of the centraloxygen atom, depending on the chemistry and size of M.Eu2Ti4O2(OR)18(HOR)2 (R = CH2CH3) was deduced from IR data to have the samemolecular structure as Er2Ti4O2(OR)18(HOR)2. UV-Vis measurements are also in agreementwith the presence of one symmetry-unique europium site in the molecular structure. Structuredetermination by single-crystal X-ray diffraction has yet to be performed.
Hu, Yukun. "CO2 capture from oxy-fuel combustion power plants." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Energiprocesser, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-48666.
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