Relevant bibliographies by topics / Outward orientation

Academic literature on the topic 'Outward orientation'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Outward orientation"

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Angelopulo, George. "Active Outward Orientation of the Organisation." Communicare: Journal for Communication Studies in Africa 9, no. 1 (November 10, 2022): 5–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.36615/jcsa.v9i1.2041.

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A central problem of organisations is the uncertainty of their environmental transactions in the attainment of desired responses. The degree to which the uncertainty is reduced, is often associated with the organisation's offectiveness. This study examines and Identifies an appropriate theoretical framework within which to proceed with an Investigation into organisational effectiveness. The systems approach, although of limited ontological value, of. fers a valuable cluster of strategies for Inquiry, within which Heldema's partial. dy systems-derived view is discussed. According to this view, perceptions of real systems can be described along spatial and temporal dimensions: as ahistorical, Inward-looking and struc tural; or as historical, outward-looking and changing. From this, the active out. ward orlented perceptual paradigm is developed, and It Is suggested that the existence of the active outward oriented basic assumption is a necessary condition of the organisation's potential effectiveness, and that the process by which it is instituted and maintained is communication.
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Athukorala, Prema‐chandra, and Jayant Menon. "Outward Orientation and Economic Development in Malaysia." World Economy 22, no. 8 (November 1999): 1119–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9701.00250.

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Harding, Noel, and Ken T. Trotman. "The Effect of Partner Communications of Fraud Likelihood and Skeptical Orientation on Auditors' Professional Skepticism." AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory 36, no. 2 (September 1, 2016): 111–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/ajpt-51576.

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SUMMARY We investigate the effect of partner communication on the level of professional skepticism in auditor judgments and actions within the context of the fraud brainstorming discussion meeting where the partner is of the view that there is a low likelihood of fraud. Across two studies, we examine the effect on professional skepticism of the partner's communication on the likelihood of fraud (making their own view known, making management's view known, or not making any view known) and the skeptical orientation being encouraged (outward orientation toward the veracity of management representations and/or inward toward the fallibility of the auditor's judgment processes). We find that auditors exhibit higher levels of professional skepticism when the partner expresses management's view, rather than their own view or no view, that there is a low likelihood of fraud. We also consider what causes these differences. Emphasizing an inward skeptical orientation was not found to be more effective in encouraging professional skepticism in audit judgments than emphasizing an outward skeptical orientation. Importantly, emphasizing both an inward and outward skeptical orientation was more effective in encouraging professional skepticism in audit actions than emphasizing only an outward orientation.
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Nubler-Jung, K., and B. Mardini. "Insect epidermis: polarity patterns after grafting result from divergent cell adhesions between host and graft tissue." Development 110, no. 4 (December 1, 1990): 1071–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.110.4.1071.

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Insect epidermal cells display planar polarity (i.e. polarity in the plane of the cell sheet) by secreting oriented cuticular denticles and bristles before each moult. We investigate how cell polarities in an abdominal segment are uniformly oriented towards the posterior of the animal. Recently we have shown for the cotton bug Dysdercus that, in 180 degrees-rotated grafts pretreated with colchicine, graft cells tend to adopt the orientation prevailing in surrounding host cells via an intermediate stage with outward oriented denticles (Nubler-Jung and Grau, 1987). Here we show that, in untreated grafts that were transposed along the anteroposterior segment axis, the denticles also always tend to point outwards. This independence of the polarity pattern from the direction of transposition is compatible neither with a gradient model for polarity control, nor with the assumption that epidermal cells orient according to the local sequence of distinctly differentiated cells. Instead we found that outward orientation of graft denticles correlates with an elongation of epidermal cells along a host-graft border with divergent cell adhesiveness. We therefore propose that outward orientation in a graft results from a combination of two factors: epidermal cells stretch along an interface with divergent cell adhesiveness, and they form a denticle perpendicular to their long axis. By analogy, the normal anteroposterior orientation of denticles in a segment may result because epidermal cells tend to elongate parallel to the segment boundary and to form denticles perpendicular to this mediolateral cell elongation, i.e. along the anteroposterior segment axis.
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Subasat, Turan. "Does the Dollar Index Really Measure Outward Orientation?" International Review of Applied Economics 17, no. 3 (July 2003): 309–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0269217032000090504.

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Alom, Md Morshed. "Proactive transparency and outward accountability of frontline public bureaucracies." International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management 67, no. 4 (April 9, 2018): 611–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijppm-08-2016-0169.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a model that demonstrates how some organizational factors are linked to the proactive transparency behavior and outward accountability orientation of frontline public bureaucracies. Design/methodology/approach The model is developed on the basis of literature review. Findings It is shown in the model that some dimensions of organizational culture are linked to the “value for proactive transparency,” which, in turn, is linked to the “proactive transparency behavior” of frontline public bureaucracies. The proactive transparency behavior is also influenced by organizational structure and organizational endowment. Finally, the proactive transparency behavior determines “outward accountability” orientation. Originality/value This paper contributes to the understanding of the frontline public bureaucracy’s transparency behavior and outward accountability orientation from the perspective of organizational factors such as culture, structure, and endowment.
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Pritchett, Lant. "Measuring outward orientation in LDCs: Can it be done?" Journal of Development Economics 49, no. 2 (May 1996): 307–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3878(95)00064-x.

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Tschacher, Wolfgang, and Nina Jacobshagen. "Analysis of Crisis Intervention Processes." Crisis 23, no. 2 (March 2002): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027//0227-5910.23.2.59.

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Summary: The remediation processes in psychosocial crisis intervention were modeled focusing on cognitive orientation. Frequent observations and subsequent process modeling constitute a novel approach to process research and reveal process-outcome associations. A sample of 40 inpatients who were assigned to treatment in a crisis intervention unit was monitored in order to study the process of crisis intervention. The process data consisted of patients' self-ratings of the variables mood, tension, and cognitive orientation, which were assessed three times a day throughout hospitalization (M = 22.6 days). Linear time series models (vector autoregression) of the process data were computed to describe the prototypical dynamic patterns of the sample. Additionally, the outcome of crisis intervention was evaluated by pre-post questionnaires. Linear trends were found pointing to an improvement of mood, a reduction of tension, and an increase of outward cognitive orientation. Time series modeling showed that, on average, outward cognitive orientation preceded improved mood. The time series models partially predicted the treatment effect, notably the outcome domain “reduction of social anxiety,” yet did not predict the domain of symptom reduction. In conclusion, crisis intervention should focus on having patients increasingly engage in outward cognitive orientation in order to stabilize mood, reduce anxiety, and activate their resources.
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Bekker, Marrie H. J., Marcel A. Croon, and Sheila Vermaas. "Inner body and outward appearance—the relationship between orientation toward outward appearance, body awareness and symptom perception." Personality and Individual Differences 33, no. 2 (July 2002): 213–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0191-8869(01)00146-5.

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Avery, Roger, Annabel Basker, and Claudia Corti. ""Scan" behaviour in Podarcis muralis: the use of vantage points by an actively foraging lizard." Amphibia-Reptilia 14, no. 3 (1993): 247–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853893x00444.

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AbstractTwo adult Podarcis muralis whose normal movements incorporated the flat top of a wall, frequently paused so that they were looking outwards from an edge ("scan" posture), especially during longer (≥9 s) periods immobile. Investigations of the posture on raised wooden platforms in outdoor enclosures, using two juvenile lizards, showed that (1) lizards spent significantly more time on platforms than would be expected from random movement, and this was not because wood is a favoured substrate for basking; (2) lizards which were immobile on platforms spent significantly more time at edges than would be expected by chance; (3) body orientations at 67.5-112.5° to the edge were the most frequent and these were maintained for significantly longer periods than the remaining orientations; exceptions were from 0800-0900 h when orientation was often parallel to the edge facing the sun and from 1200-1300 h with only a thin strip of shade at 45°, into which the lizards fitted themselves. Lizards basking in the laboratory beneath a tungsten bulb at the edge of a raised platform adopted outward-facing orientations when the platform height was ≥6 mm. When presented with a choice between basking more effectively (i.e. rapid heating rate) or adopting the "scan" posture at an edge with a lower heating rate or with no heating, they opted for the former. Podarcis sicula, P. filfolensis, Lacerta viridis and L. vivipara all showed an excess of outward-facing orientations when the basking bulbs were place near edges of platforms, but Psammodromus hispanicus did not. Only the two Podarcis species, however, spent more time on raised platforms than would be expected by chance when basking was possible at many sites in an arena.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Outward orientation"

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Liao, Hailin. "Economic growth, productivity and outward orientation in East Asian economies." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.417000.

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Wignaraja, Ganeshan. "Manufactured exports, outward-orientation and the acquisition of technological capabilities in Sri Lanka, 1977-89." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308891.

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Gong, Mingliang. "Orientation discrimination in periphery: Surround suppression or crowding?" Miami University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1430433449.

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Renton, Michelle Susan. "Influencing consumer perceptions of a social issue: an experiment on the effects of credibility of the source, message sidedness and inward/outward focus on consumer attitudes toward genetically modified foods." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Management, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/874.

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This thesis aims to increase understanding of New Zealand consumer reactions to messages promoting genetically modified food products (GMFs) and to determine how the manipulation of three persuasion variables, message sidedness, source credibility and inward vs. outward focus impact upon consumer attitudes. To achieve this aim, the study integrated two frameworks, Bredahl's, (2001) determinants of attitudes towards GMFs and Wansink and Kim's, (2001) strategies for educating consumers about GMFs, into a new model. To empirically examine the model, a web-based experiment using a 2x2x2 between-subjects factorial design was conducted. The experiment exposed participants to one of eight treatment groups containing a promotional message for Genetically Modified foods. The participants then completed an on-line questionnaire detailing their responses to the messages. A total of 380 useable questionnaires were collected from a national sample of consumers and analysed using ANCOVA. The results of the study suggest that the outwardly focused, two-sided message was more powerful at lowering perceptions of risks, raising perceptions of benefits and positively influencing attitudes toward the ad than either the one-sided, outwardly focused message, or the inwardly focused messages of either sidedness condition. For purchase intentions individual differences appeared to be of greater influence than message factors.
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Angelopulo, George Charles. "The active outward orientation of the organisation." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9861.

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D.Litt. et Phil.
An expanded conceptualisation of the marketing organisation includes all organisations which seek specific responses from other social units concerning some social objects, where the response probability is not fixed, by the exchange of some values. A central problem facing all such organisations is the uncertainty of their environmental transactions in the attainment of desired responses. The degree. to which the uncertainty is reduced, is often associated with the organisation's effectiveness. Little progress has been made in the identification of the determinants of organisational effectiveness. This study examines and identifies an appropriate theoretical framework within which to proceed with such an investigation; contributes to the clarification of the concepts "organisation" and "organisational effectiveness", and the role of communication therein; and lastly, determinants of the organisation’s ongoing. effectiveness are postulated. The systems approach is analysed as a framework for study of the social sciences. It is argued that the systems approach is of limited ontological value, but that it offers a valuable cluster of strategies for inquiry, offering an "organised space" within which theories may be developed and related. The partially systems-derived view of Heidema is discussed. Heidema describes perceptions of real systems along spatial and temporal dimensions: as ahistorical, inward-looking and structural; or as historical, outward-looking and changing. The formal organisation and prominent theoretical views on it are discussed. An attempt is made to describe a "true" open systems organisational perspective. Theory of organisation-environment relations, and communication in organisations are iscussed. Organisational effectiveness is given a limited definition. It is argued that because effectiveness is known to exist only in the present and the past, the organisation's potential to maintain its effectiveness over time is best termed its "potential effectiveness". The marketing and public relations disciplines are discussed, and it is suggested that their principles of intra-organisational action, environmental awareness, and actions within the environment are the principles of the potentially effective organisation. The study is concluded with an integration of the preceding work and the development of the active outward oriented perceptual paradigm. It is suggested that the basic assumptions of organisational members determine the overt form of the organisation, that the existence of the active outward oriented basic assumption is a necessary condition of the organisation's potential effectiveness, and that the process by which it is instituted and maintained is communication. It is postulated that there is a positive relationship between the potential effectiveness of organisations which seek uncertain environmental responses by the exchange of values, and the existence of an active outward orientation amongst the organisation's key members.
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Posso, Alberto. "Outward orientation and labour market outcomes in Asia and Latin America." Phd thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/150475.

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Books on the topic "Outward orientation"

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Balassa, Bela. Outward orientation. [s.l.]: World Bank, 1985.

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Trela, Irene. Taxes, outward orientation, and growth performance in Korea. Washington, DC: Public Economics, Country Economics Dept., World Bank, 1990.

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Trela, Irene. Taxes, outward orientation, and growth performance in Korea. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1990.

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Randall, Glenn. The outward bound map and compass handbook. New York: Lyons & Burford, 1990.

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Randall, Glenn. The Outward Bound map and compass handbook. Vancouver, B.C: Douglas & McIntyre, 1989.

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Pritchett, Lant. Measuring outward orientation in developing countries: Can it be done? Washington, DC (1818 H Street, NW, Washington 20433): Country Economics Dept., the World Bank, 1991.

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Randall, Glenn. The Outward Bound map & compass handbook. New York: Lyons & Burford, 1989.

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Inc, Outward Bound, ed. The Outward Bound map & compass handbook. New York: Lyons Press, 1998.

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Edwards, Sebastian. Openness, outward orientation, trade liberalization and economic performance in developing countries. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1989.

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Aizenman, Joshua. Inward versus outward growth orientation in the presence of country risk. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Outward orientation"

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Balassa, Bela. "Outward Orientation." In Policy Choices for the 1990s, 3–55. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-13033-7_1.

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Jayanthakumaran, Kankesu. "Outward Orientation as an Alternative Strategy." In Industrialization and Challenges in Asia, 33–66. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0824-5_2.

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Srinivasan, T. N., and Jagdish Bhagwati. "Outward-Orientation and Development: Are Revisionists Right?" In Trade, Development and Political Economy, 3–26. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230523685_1.

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Helleiner, G. K. "Outward Orientation, Import Instability and African Economic Growth: an Empirical Investigation." In Theory and Reality in Development, 139–53. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-18128-5_9.

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Balassa, Bela. "Outward Orientation and Exchange Rate Policy in Developing Countries: the Turkish Experience." In Change and Challenge in the World Economy, 208–35. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-17991-6_10.

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Balassa, Bela. "Chapter 31 Outward orientation." In Handbook of Development Economics, 1645–89. Elsevier, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1573-4471(89)02018-8.

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"Outward Re-orientation, 1947–72." In The Economic Development of Ireland in the Twentieth Century, 74–93. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203404157-14.

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Stanford, James N. "Outward Orientation, Leveling, and Hub Social Geometry." In New England English, 281–308. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190625658.003.0011.

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Chapter 11 considers the overall results of this New England project in terms of current sociolinguistic theory, including Labov’s “outward orientation of the language faculty,” dialect leveling, convergence and divergence, and other frameworks. The chapter then proposes that a notion of “Hub social geometry” can provide additional insights into how and why New England dialect features have changed over time. This chapter also considers the major findings of the book in light of ethnographic written responses from young adults who grew up in the area and experienced sharp generational changes and dialect leveling. The chapter also reviews other scholars’ work on perceptual dialectology in the region, and suggests future lines of research on New England English.
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Sulimma, Maria. "Outward Spiral: Gendering through Recognisability." In Gender and Seriality, 113–33. Edinburgh University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474473958.003.0006.

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The chapter focuses on How to Get Away with Murder’s black, female protagonist Annalise Keating, and in different sections provides readings of beauty and professional appearance (in contrast with Alicia Florrick of The Good Wife), and bisexual orientation. The chapter employs the analytical figure of the outward spiral to capture the affective, immediate responses the show encourages. Spiral gendering permits Murder to mine intersectional characterizations for cultural resonance with viewers. Murder’s gender performances begin from starting points such as the racialized tropes of black femininity that Patricia Hill Collins describes as “controlling images” (76-106). They then proceed to mobilize viewer affect in the form of two distinct, yet similarly affect-driven patterns: first, viewers may recognize themselves in the show's portrayals, and second, they may perceive themselves to be witnesses to a television history in the making.
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Yuk-Shing, Cheng. "China's Foreign Trade: From Self-Reliance to Outward-Orientation." In China at 60, 139–62. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814299305_0007.

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Conference papers on the topic "Outward orientation"

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Li, Yang, Hongwu Deng, Guoqiang Xu, Lu Qiu, and Shuqing Tian. "Effect of Channel Orientation on Heat Transfer in Rotating Smooth Square U-Duct at High Rotation Number." In ASME Turbo Expo 2014: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2014-25188.

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The effect of channel orientation on heat transfer in a rotating, two-pass, square channel is experimentally investigated in current work. The classical copper plate technique is employed to measure the regional averaged heat transfer coefficients. The inlet Reynolds number and Rotation number range from 25000 to 35000 and 0 to 0.82, respectively. Five different channel angles (−45°, −22.5°, 0°, 22.5°, 45°) are selected to study the effect of channel orientation on heat transfer. In the radially outward flow channel, the surface average heat transfer in β = 0° channel are higher than those in angled-channel (±22.5°, ±45°) on the trailing surface at all Rotation number ranges (0–0.82). While on the leading surface, surface average heat transfer are lower before a critical Rotation number, and turn higher after the critical point. Channel orientations show less influence on heat transfer in the radially inward flow channel. Compared with their corresponding perpendicular channel orientation values (β = 0° channel), heat transfer in angled-channels decrease on the pressure side and increase on the suction side at a relatively lower Rotation number (Ro<0.4) for both inward and outward channels. While at higher Rotation number (Ro>0.4), heat transfer in angled-channel decrease on both the leading and trailing walls in the first pass, and increase on both the leading and trailing walls in the second pass. By considering the effect of channel orientations, the relation between critical Rotation number on the leading surface in the first pass and dimensionless location (X/D) obeys a simple rule: (Roc·X/D)·cosβ = 1.31. The trailing-to-leading heat transfer differences induced by rotation increase with the increasing of Rotation number in angled-channel, and they are larger than β = 0° channel after the critical Rotation number in both passages.
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Pearce, Robert, Peter Ireland, Matthew McGilvray, and Eduardo Romero. "Computational Study of the Effect of Inlet Velocity Profile and Rib Orientation on Heat Transfer in Rotating Ribbed Radial Turbine Cooling Passages." In ASME Turbo Expo 2016: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2016-57832.

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This study investigates the effect of inlet velocity profiles and rib orientations on the Nusselt number distribution within ribbed radial turbine cooling passages representative of systems used in current engines. A triple-pass serpentine passage is investigated, which includes rib turbulators angled at 45° and 180° bends. The first two passes are radially outward and inward respectively and both have an aspect ratio of 1:4, with the third pass radially outward with an aspect ratio of 1:2. Multiple inlet velocity profiles are studied in RANS CFD simulations under both stationary and rotating conditions. The rotating simulations have Reynolds, Rotation and Buoyancy numbers representative of a passage within a HP turbine blade of a gas turbine engine. The flow structure and Nusselt number distributions are discussed in detail with the inlet velocity profile found to have a very large influence in the first pass under both stationary and rotating conditions, with smaller differences observed in the later passes. The rib orientation in the second pass was also investigated, with simulations of reversed and non-reversed rib orientation compared. Improved heat transfer characteristics were found in simulations where the ribs were orientated in the same direction for all three passages. These simulations are compared to experimental results in order to explain previous discrepancies found between experimental and CFD data from an experimental setup with complex inlet geometry.
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Johnson, B. V., J. H. Wagner, G. D. Steuber, and F. C. Yeh. "Heat Transfer in Rotating Serpentine Passages With Selected Model Orientations for Smooth or Skewed Trip Walls." In ASME 1993 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/93-gt-305.

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Experiments were conducted to determine the effects of model orientation as well as buoyancy and Coriolis forces on heat transfer in turbine blade internal coolant passages. Turbine blades have internal coolant passage surfaces at the leading and trailing edges of the airfoil with surfaces at angles which are as large as +/−50 to 60 degrees to the axis of rotation. Most of the previously–presented, multiple–passage, rotating heat transfer experiments have focused on radial passages aligned with the axis of rotation. The present work compares results from serpentine passages with orientations 0 and 45 degrees to the axis of rotation which simulate the coolant passages for the midchord and trailing edge regions of the rotating airfoil. The experiments were conducted with rotation in both directions to simulate serpentine coolant passages with the rearward flow of coolant or with the forward flow of coolant. The experiments were conducted for passages with smooth surfaces and with 45 degree trips adjacent to airfoil surfaces for the radial portion of the serpentine passages. At a typical flow condition, the heat transfer on the leading surfaces for flow outward in the first passage with smooth walls was twice as much for the model at 45 degrees compared to the model at 0 degrees. However, the differences for the other passages and with trips were less. In addition, the effects of buoyancy and Coriolis forces on heat transfer in the rotating passage were decreased with the model at 45 degrees, compared to the results at 0 degrees. The heat transfer in the turn regions and immediately downstream of the turns in the second passage with flow inward and in the third passage with flow outward was also a function of model orientation with differences as large as 40 to 50 percent occurring between the model orientations with forward flow and rearward flow of coolant.
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Dutta, Sandip, Je-Chin Han, Yuming Zhang, and C. Pang Lee. "Local Heat Transfer in a Rotating Two-Pass Triangular Duct With Smooth Walls." In ASME 1994 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/94-gt-337.

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Earlier heat transfer studies with orthogonal rotation were conducted mostly on ducts of square cross-section. This paper reports a different cross-section, a triangular duct. Unlike a square cross-section, the triangular shape provides more restriction to the formation of the secondary flows. Moreover, the studied orientation of the right triangular duct avoids formation of symmetric vortex structures in the cross flow plane. This paper presents turbulent heat transfer characteristics of a two-pass smooth walled triangular duct. One pass is for radial outward flow and the other for radial inward flow. With rotation the radial outward and inward flow directions show different surface heat transfer characteristics. Like a square duct, differences between the trailing and the leading Nusselt number ratios for the triangular duct increase with rotation number. However, the rate of change of Nusselt number ratios with rotation number varies for the two duct geometries. Standard k-ε model predictions for a radial outward flow situation show that the Nusselt number ratio variations with Reynolds number are not drastic for the same rotation number.
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Sethuraman, Eashwar, Dimitris E. Nikitopoulos, and Sumanta Acharya. "Heat/Mass Transfer in Rotating, Smooth, High Aspect-Ratio (4:1) Coolant Channels With Curved Walls in 90° and 45° Orientation." In ASME Turbo Expo 2008: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2008-50247.

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The paper presents an experimental study of heat/mass transfer coefficient in 4:1 aspect ratio smooth channels with non-uniform cross-sections. Curved leading and trailing walls are studied for two curvatures and for two different curvature configurations. One configuration has curved walls with curvature corresponding to the blade profile (positive curvature on both leading and trailing walls), and the other configuration has leading and trailing walls that curve inwards into the coolant passage (negative curvature on the leading surface and positive curvature on the trailing surface). The experiments are conducted in a rotating two-pass coolant channel facility using the naphthalene sublimation technique. Only the radially outward flow is considered for the present study at a Reynolds number of 20,000, rotation numbers in the range 0–0.051 and for 90° and 45° orientations with respect to the direction of rotation. In addition to area averaged values, the span-wise mass transfer distributions of fully developed regions of the channel walls are presented in order to delineate the effects of rotation number, channel shape and orientation. The mass transfer data from the curved wall channels are compared to those from a smooth 4:1 rectangular duct with similar flow parameters. Pressure drop along each channel is also measured and put in perspective of the mass/heat transfer results for the 90° orientation, through the presentation of a performance factor.
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Huh, Michael, Jiang Lei, and Je-Chin Han. "Influence of Channel Orientation on Heat Transfer in a Two-Pass Smooth and Ribbed Rectangular Channel (AR=2:1) Under Large Rotation Numbers." In ASME Turbo Expo 2010: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2010-22190.

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Experiments were conducted in a rotating two-pass cooling channel with an aspect ratio of 2:1 (Dh = 16.9 mm). Results for two surface conditions are presented: smooth and one ribbed configuration. For the ribbed channel, the leading and trailing walls are roughened with ribs (P/e = 10, e/Dh = 0.094) and are placed at an angle (α = 45°) to the mainstream flow. For each surface condition, two angles of rotation (β = 90°, 135°) were studied. For each angle of rotation, five Reynolds numbers (Re = 10K–40K) were considered. At each Reynolds number, five rotational speeds (Ω = 0–400 rpm) were considered. The maximum rotation number and buoyancy parameter reached were 0.45 and 0.85, respectively. Results showed that rotation effects are minimal in ribbed channels, at both angles of rotation, due to the strong interaction of rib and Coriolis induced vortices. In the smooth case, the channel orientation proved to be important and a beneficial heat transfer increase on the leading surface in the first pass (radially outward flow) was observed at high rotation numbers. The correlations developed in this study for predicting heat transfer enhancement due to rotation using the buoyancy parameter showed markedly good agreement with experimental data (+/-10%). Finally, heat transfer under rotating conditions on the tip cap showed to be quite dependent on channel orientation. The maximum tip cap Nu/Nus ratio observed was 2.8.
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Rentschler, Mark E., Ben S. Terry, and Austin D. Ruppert. "A Laparoscopic Camera-Enabled Cannula Port." In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-204598.

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This project is exploring a potential new approach in providing visual feedback during minimally invasive surgery (MIS) that involves integrating a CMOS camera imager and lens into a traditional cannula entry port. Initial research has focused on developing this device for abdominal surgery (laparoscopy). Such a device can provide vision assistance without positioning and orientation constraints associated with current laparoscopes. Patients who undergo laparoscopic surgery experience less pain, shorter hospital stays, and a more rapid return to normal activities compared to patients who undergo conventional surgery. The benefits of laparoscopic surgery, however, are generally restricted to patients undergoing less complex procedures. The primary reason for limited application of laparoscopy to more complex procedures is two-fold. The first drawback is the limitation of the laparoscope to view all aspects of the abdominal cavity including looking back towards the entry site. Secondly, to view the video image from the scope the surgeon must turn focus away from the patient and towards a recorded video image on a monitor placed away from the patient. These constraints impose severe perception and orientation limitations that degrade surgical task performance. The long-term goal of this project is to develop a camera and sensor module that can be placed within traditional trocar ports for insertion, and that deploy outward from the cannula port after insertion. This approach will allow these ports to still be utilized by all traditional laparoscopic surgical tools, while potentially removing the need for the laparoscope. In addition, a small LCD display is placed at the port’s proximal end restore natural perception and orientation for the surgical team.
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Sahin, Izzet, Andrew F. Chen, Chao-Cheng Shiau, Je-Chin Han, and Robert Krewinkel. "Effect of 45-Deg Rib Orientations on Heat Transfer in a Rotating Two-Pass Channel With Aspect Ratio From 4:1 to 2:1." In ASME Turbo Expo 2019: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2019-90099.

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Abstract The internal cooling passages of gas turbine blades mostly have varying aspect ratios from one passage to another. However, there are limited data available in the open literature that used a reduced cross-section and aspect ratio, AR, after the tip turn. Therefore, the current study presents heat transfer and pressure drop of three different α = 45° profiled rib orientations, typical parallel (usual), reversed parallel (unusual), and criss-cross patterns in a rotating two-pass rectangular channel with AR = 4:1 and 2:1 in the first radially outward flow and second radially inward flow passages respectively. For each rib orientation, regional averaged heat transfer results are obtained for both the flow passages with the Reynolds number ranging from 10,000 to 70,000 for the first passage and 16000 to 114000 for the second passage with a rotational speed range of 0 rpm to 400 rpm. This results in the highest rotation number of 0.39 and 0.16 for the first and second passage respectively. The effects of rib orientation, aspect ratio variation, 180° tip turn, and rotation number on the heat transfer and pressure drop will be addressed. According to the results, for usual, unusual and criss-cross rib patterns, increasing rotation number causes the heat transfer to decrease on the leading surface and increase on the trailing surface for the first passage and vice versa for the second passage. Overall heat transfer enhancement of the usual and unusual rib patterns is higher than criss-cross one. In terms of the pressure losses, the criss-cross rib pattern has the lowest and the usual rib pattern has the highest-pressure loss coefficients. When pressure loss and heat transfer enhancement are both taken into account together, the criss-cross or unusual rib pattern might be an option to use in the internal cooling method. Therefore, the results can be useful for turbine blade internal cooling design and heat transfer analysis.
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Sharma, Pankaj, Anupam Saxena, and Ashish Dutta. "Multi-Agent Form Closure Capture of a Generic 2D Polygonal Object Based on Projective Path Planning." In ASME 2006 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2006-99335.

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The study of multi-agent capture and manipulation of an object has been an area of active interest for many researchers. This paper presents a novel approach using Genetic Algorithm to determine the optimal contact points and the total number of agents (mobile robots) required to capture a stationary generic 2D polygonal object. After the goal points are determined the agents then reach their respective goals using a decentralized projective path planning algorithm. Form closure of the object is obtained using the concept of accessibility angle. The object boundary is first expanded and the robots reach the expanded object goal points and then converge on the actual object. This ensures that the agents reach the actual goal points at the same time and have the correct orientation. Frictionless point contact between the object and robots is assumed. The shape of the robot is considered a circle such that it can only apply force in outward radial direction from its center and along the normal to the object boundary at the contact point. Simulations results are presented that prove the effectiveness of the proposed method.
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Gencer, Ayşen Hiç, and Özlen Hiç. "A.Smith and the Classical School, K.Marx and the Marxist Socialism, J.M.Keynes and the Keynesian Revolution and the Subsequent Developments." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c05.01166.

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Adam Smith is known as the founder of economics as a social science and also of economic liberalism (or termed as capitalism after Karl Marx) based on principles of non-intervention and non-protection by the governments to perfectly competitive markets. Over time, economic theory and resulting economic regime evolved: Interventions to improve the welfare of workers; infant-industry argument for limited trade protection; and most importantly, following the 1929 Great Depression, John Maynard Keynes and his macroeconomic system giving rise to less-than-full- employment equilibrium, hence the need for macro-economic level state interventions by means of monetary and fiscal policies. Evidently, liberal economic regime was modified but remained in essence; hence, it proved to be flexible and resilient. On the other hand, Marxist socialism, the doctrinaire challenge to capitalism, had virtually collapsed in the 1990's. The move of even the developing countries towards outward orientation and market economy at the national level is in line with Adam Smith's views; so is the establishment of the European Union and the like at the regional level, as well as the more recent move towards globalisation.
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Reports on the topic "Outward orientation"

1

Trela, Irene, and John Whalley. Taxes, Outward Orientation, and Growth Performance in Korea. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, June 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w3377.

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2

Aizenman, Joshua. Inward Versus Outward Growth Orientation in the Presence of Country Risk. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, February 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w2868.

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Edwards, Sebastian. Openness, Outward Orientation, Trade Liberalization and Economic Performance in Developing Countries. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, March 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w2908.

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Kerr, D. E. Reconnaissance surficial geology, Arctic Sound, Nunavut, NTS 76-N. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/321440.

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The Arctic Sound map area consists primarily of glacially scoured bedrock, minor till in the southwest, and postglacial marine sediments in coastal lowlands and inland along river valleys. The till deposits are cut to bedrock by subglacial meltwater corridors defined by eskers and other glaciofluvial sediments. Glacial lakes occupied the James River valley where retreating or stagnant ice blocked drainage to the east. Glaciolacustrine deltas record falling lake levels, from 310 m to 290 m and 260 m elevation. Striations and streamlined landforms indicate ice flow to the north-northwest, and later crosscutting relationships recording minor variations locally. Orientation of minor moraines, eskers, and outwash plains suggest ice recession was primarily southeastward. A series of small glaciomarine deltas following a northwest-southeast trend, and postglacial marine deltas and fine-grained sediments, reach elevations of 210 m in the northwest and 200 m in the southeast. Isostatic rebound caused marine regression, forming raised beaches from 210 m elevation to current sea level.
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Kerr, D. E. Reconnaissance surficial geology, Tinney Hills, Nunavut, NTS 76-J. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/321821.

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The Tinney Hills map area consists primarily of glacially and meltwater scoured bedrock, discontinuous till in the southwest and central-east, and postglacial marine sediments in coastal lowlands and along river valleys inland. The boundaries of many till deposits are cut to bedrock by widespread subglacial meltwater erosion. Ridged till in particular, is often associated with eskers and other glaciofluvial sediments and meltwater erosion. Striations and streamlined till landforms indicate regional ice flow towards the north-northwest and northwest, and later crosscutting relationships recording minor variations locally. Orientation of eskers and outwash plains suggest ice recession was primarily southeastward. Small, isolated glacial lakes formed where retreating or stagnant ice temporarily blocked local drainage. Below 200 to 220 m elevation, the region was inundated by the sea during ice retreat. Glaciomarine and marine sediments consist of littoral beach and offshore sediments, winnowed till surfaces, and isolated deltas. Isostatic rebound caused marine regression, recorded by deltas and beaches at 210 to 220 m elevation, and decreasing to current sea level.
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