Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Outil de surveillance électronique'
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Justinia, Hanitravelo Giffona Loysell. "Impacts des technologies numériques sur les exploitations agricoles en France." Thesis, Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2020. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03711385.
Full textIn this thesis, it was found that the subject of study of digital technologies is still recent in the field of agricultural economics. Thus, through a scoping review, gaps were identified whose lack of empirical studies, as well as today's digital technologies, can be categorized into four groups: connection, recording, decision and execution. In the milk sector, these innovations increase production, but these advantages are inversely proportional to the intensity of production. In addition, internet connection technologies and decision support tools are beneficial to all farmers whether they are users or not. Since, thanks to their proximity, they manage to capture more agglomeration advantage. Also, it was found that there is a rebound effect as to the impact of these technologies on the manure production. The contributions of the thesis are that, first of all, it represents the first estimations, to our knowledge, of impacts of digital technologies on a farm on a national scale. Indeed, the data still very recent, matching multiple sources was our first challenge. As well, our estimation methods, namely the Two-Stage least square (2SRI) and the Coarsening Exact Matching (CEM), are new approaches and have more relevant results especially in our context of cross-sectional data with endogeneity. Finally, the last contribution is to make recommendations to enable public policies to understand the effects of new technologies and promote the best of them
Soleman, Ramzi. "La théorie des ressources et l'évaluation du système d'information : le cas des outils de surveillance des médias sociaux (Social Media Monitoring)." Thesis, Paris 10, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA100018.
Full textRecently, social media data, called Big Social Data (BSD), attract more and more attention from researchers and professionals, particularly after the emergence of Social Media Monitoring (SMM) tools, used to process BSD. The promises associated with the SMM concern the improvement of decision-making processes, or even the transformation of business processes. Despite increasing investments, the effective use of these tools in companies is very variable. In this research, we would like to understand how and for what purposes the SMM tools are used?. For the evaluation of these tools, we build upon the Resource-Based Theory (RBT). In order to implement this research, we used a mixed method approach. This approach consists of a qualitative study that was used to develop and enrich a second quantitative study. The obtained results show that the combination of SMM resources (quality of SMM tool, human resources…) and complementary resources makes it possible to build SMM capabilities (measurement, process, interaction…) leading to performance. Moreover, the support of the organization, and more specifically the role of managers, in the activation of SMM resources and capabilities is consistent with the recent advancements of resource management. However, we detected some ambiguities concerning the RBT. To deal with these ambiguities, we propose to resort to the extended theory of resource. Finally, we present the contributions, the limits and the perspectives of our research
Ouellet, Denis. "La surveillance électronique et le pénal." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0002/MQ32548.pdf.
Full textBouthier, Corinne. "Le droit comme outil de développement du commerce électronique." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSES049.
Full textE-commerce is considered to be a source of economic growth. If it has developed thanks to the new information and communication technologies, a legal framework is nevertheless needed to promote its growth. Our study will seek, by considering the multiple sources of regulation, mainly European and national, to demonstrate that the latter is oriented along two main axes: ensuring, on the one hand, the freedom of electronic commerce, and, on the other, confidence in this new mode of commerce. We shall establish that the freedom of its exercise cannot be absolute, and that this is indissociable from the interest of the consumer. As soon as a legal framework is absent or inappropriate, the freedom of e-commerce is weakened. Finally, the study will focus on the rules that create the confidence of the participants in e-commerce: their joint confidence in electronic transactions secured within a legal framework; their singular trust, regarding their respective interests, whether it concerns the protection of the intangible assets of the company, or the consent of e-consumers, during their act of purchase as well as in the processing of their personal data
Desforges, Xavier. "Méthodologie de surveillance en fabrication mécanique : application de capteur intelligent à la surveillance d'axe de machine-outil." Bordeaux 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR10506.
Full textScherdel, Pauline. "La surveillance de la croissance des enfants comme outil de repérage." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS326.
Full textGrowth monitoring in children is a worldwide health activity which aims at early detection of serious underlying disorders of apparently healthy children. Existing empirical evidence shows that growth-monitoring performance were low, this can be explained by a lack of consensus on three key and interconnected questions: which conditions should be targeted? how should abnormal growth be defined? and which growth charts should be used?We showed that there is a large heterogeneity in growth-monitoring practices in Europe and that the seven algorithms proposed for defining an abnormal growth had low performance and/or a level of validation. We performed an external validation study and head-to-head comparison of these seven algorithms and demonstrated that the Grote clinical rule had the best performance. We found that the growth of contemporary French children were closer to the WHO than French growth charts, except during the first six month of life. The introduction of WHO growth charts would increase the sensitivity at the expense of their specificity. We obtained an international consensus on the typology of priority target conditions and national consensus on a short list of eight priority target conditions of growth-monitoring algorithms.This new knowledge will most likely allow developing validated tools for growth monitoring and standardizing practices for improving child outcomes
Allaria, Camille. "La prison dans la tête : la surveillance électronique des condamnés à domicile." Nice, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NICE2035.
Full textWhat's the fate of penal sanction when digital imprisonment (digital capture of the monitored persons) is replacing physical imprisonment (the prisoner's cell's walls vanish)? This issue is addressed through on an ethnographic survey (interviews, observations, transcribing phone discussions between remote surveillants and other institutions) held at the remote surveillance center of Les Baumettes in Marseille, with convicts holding electronic bracelets, and Conseillers d'Insertion et de Probation (social inclusion advisers). Two assumptions will be defended. The first assumes that the releasing of the “imprisoned body” is permitted by rationalizing and normalizing space and time, remotely. The penalty is "exfiltrated" from the jail through the digital tracking which exhibits the intimate sphere to the digital surveillance agents. Distance keeping with the convict's body requires monitoring and controlling his time schedule. This process is considered within its political context, with an anthropological drift restoring the "dangerous man" archetype. The second direction refers to inserting, in penal sanction, a technological apparatus which we call “one-eyed expert”. The technological uncertainty brings a normative uncertainty, which in turn triggers, on one hand, arbitrary penal sanctions, and, on the other hand, reduces the critical capacity of the monitored persons. Following this study, we develop four sociological topics: the penalty lightening, the production of the justice' subject, the dichotomy between formal sanction and diffuse sanction, the object and possibility of social critics about the use of digital technologies. "
Tumelaire, Charles-François. "Contribution au développement d'un outil de surveillance d'acquisition sur banc d'essais moteur." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066493.
Full textVELASCO, VALERY. "Les libertés individuelles face aux nouveaux moyens de surveillance : ou la société de surveillance comme double cache de la société de l'information." Paris 10, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA100075.
Full textThély, Nicolas. "L'image sous le régime de la surveillance." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010647.
Full textCoche, Jacques Bolliet Louis. "Outil de mise au point et de surveillance d'applications, activable sous un système transactionnel." S. l. : Université Grenoble 1, 2008. http://dumas.ccsd.cnrs.fr/dumas-00295471.
Full textLimane, Tahar. "Conception et réalisation d'un outil de surveillance, temps réel, d'espaces de débattements de robots." Lyon, INSA, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ISAL0093.
Full textThe study presented in this report addresses the problems of designing and implementing a real-time control system of robots movements. The top-Level objective of the study is to enhance the safety of both the human operators and the machines. We begin with a global analysis of risk conditions in Robotics and general relationship statements between the different factors which have to be taken into account when specifying protection systems. We survey the different methods as well as the different equipments used in protection systems against robots possibly undue clearances. Constraints specification of a mean safety system able to control dynamically the robot's containment within the limits allowed or forbidden spaces are studied. Afterwards, we present the functional and structural specifications a well as the conceptual models of the protection systems to be implemented. Methodological approaches of software engineering type are proposed in view of validating the overall system life-cycle, its quality and its reliability. This study results the elaboration of the software tool SAFE (Surveillance d'Ateliers Flexibles et de Leur environnement) which is described in the report. Further developments of SAFE are suggested concerning, particularly, two inter-related functionalities of safety control : - first, the robot command program itself, - second, the dynamic re-specification of safety space when any change arises in the robot's task
Snell, Pierre. "Aide intelligente pour la surveillance d'examens." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66431.
Full textNowadays, more and more courses are available online. On the other hand, they remain marginal and few of them have given valid and recognized certifications. Yet, those lessons have incredible content, and are an amazing resource. Furthermore, more and more, efforts are made toward numerising learning. The goal of this thesis is to improve online exam monitoring. Indeed, one of the strong points of the internet is anonymity, and attesting the success and skills of someone quickly becomes non-trivial. Moreover, the only commonly accessible tools available for surveillance are the camera, and the user’s keyboard / mouse which gives very sparse information. To do so, we used the most up-to-date tracking, recognition, generation and analysis techniques to introduce automation and «intelligence» in the surveillance. Note that even for a human this task is difficult and that to decide if a behavior is abnormal is not deterministic. The goal is therefore to provide help and support to bring large-scale examination monitoring to a safer level. The method described is based on the advances in artificial intelligence, particularly generative adversials network (GANs), reinforcement learning (RL) convolution neural networks (CNN) and recurrent neural networks (RNN).
Richard, Théo. "Capteur sans électronique pour la surveillance sans fil de la santé des infrastructures maritimes." Thesis, Nantes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NANT4064.
Full textThe natural evolution of hydraulic concrete as well as the effect generated by pathogens (i.e. chloride ions) have a direct impact on the durability of reinforced concrete structures. This thesis project aims at implementing a new SHM approach to engineering structures. This approach is based on the development of a passive, autonomous and low-cost sensor, directly integrated into the concrete coating of the structures and communicating wirelessly with external interrogators. This technological solution aims at establishing a predictive maintenance process based on the monitoring of chloride penetration fronts and therefore of reinforcement corrosion. A preliminary phase of digital modelling and experiments allowed us to optimize the choice of the sensor topology. The first prototypes of drowned antennas insensitive to changes in the dielectric states of healthy and degraded concrete were produced. These antennas were then coupled to loads on the periphery of their radiating surfaces. These fillers are sensitive to chlorides. The combination of these two elements defines the architecture of the passive and autonomous sensor. The operating principle of the sensor is related to the length reduction of its load, which is in direct contact with chlorides due to corrosion. his degradation induces a change in the resonance frequency of the sensor, which acts as an indicator of degradation of the concrete coating. By reflecting the EM waves emitted from an antenna on the surface of the structure, it is possible to recover information about the corrosion state of the load. This defines the principle of our technological solution, without power supply and without integrated electronics. Finally, extensive experimental campaigns on laboratory-controlled concrete test bodies which represent the regional fleet of structures, enabled us to validate our approach
Vernet, Jean-Marc. "Système autonome de télésurveillance d'un poste de draînage de courants vagabonds : principe, mise en oeuvre, évaluation des performances." Toulon, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOUL0016.
Full textAbdallah, Ahmad. "Contribution à la surveillance d'un site robotisé par traitement d'images." Compiègne, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997COMP1005.
Full textMahmud, Mussa. "Outil d’aide au contrôle de spécifications géométriques de pièces mécaniques par la mesure 3D sans contact." Dijon, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007DIJOS066.
Full textWithin the framework of the Ph. D. GM- GC under title Computer aided inspection of geometrical specification of mechanical part without contact 3D Measurement, and within the team “metrology 3D” located in Auxerre, L. R. M. A. University of Burgundy. Within the framework of the three-dimensional measurement of mechanical part using without contact sensor, this work concerns the taking into account of the defects of the sensor in the strategy of measurement. Indeed, if technological projections in the field of the optical sensors make it possible to consider the dimensional check of the parts, their relative inaccuracy with respect to the sensors with contact requires optimizing the strategies of measurement compared to the specifications to be controlled. Thus, by developing a strategy of adequate digitalization taking of account the defects of the sensor, it is planned to minimize uncertainties of measurement and to approach the current performances of the sensors with contact. These defects can for example be associated at the distance sensor/piece-rates, with the orientation sensor/part and the work has consisted in the development, the writing and the implementation of an algorithm of simulation of trajectory compared to various parameters of the sensor and the geometrical specifications of the part. Lastly, they must lead to the automatic planning of trajectory of a transmitter without contact. The method that we implement is based on the notion of the visibility of the part. It consists in determining the directions for which all surfaces of the part are visible by the sensor. The approach consists of three successive phases. The first phase defines the visibility from the point of view of the laser. The second relates to the screening of the camera. And the third represents the total visibility of the sensor unit; i. E. Laser and camera associated. A chart of total visibility is built. From this one, positions and preferential orientations part are retained to carry out the inspection. This determination, under considerations within a metrological framework, must be done in the respect of the dimensional and geometrical specifications of the part while guaranteeing its complete digitalization. The developed approach which one thus seeks the complete automation of the planning of the trajectory. It represents a step of planning aid of the trajectory of digitalization under metrological considerations
Reynouard, Norbert. "Construction d'un outil d'aide à la conception destiné à l'optimisation des chaînes d’émission de sonar actif." Lyon, INSA, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ISAL0070.
Full textIn order to face the new exigences of active SONAR transmission systems and particularly the decrease of the working frequency added to the array size conservation, a C. A. D. Tool has been built. The objectives were to give the designer the tool to study and to optimize every element of the chain (power supply, power generator, transformer, matching units, cable, electroacoustic array) while considering this last as a whole and integrating the array acoustic interaction effects. In that way, SPICE compatible models have been developped, both at the element leve! and at the component level, with the associated methods for the parameter extraction. The models have been validated by experimentation
Hajjine, Bouchta. "Conception, réalisation et intégration technologique d'un patch électronique : application à la surveillance des personnes âgées." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ISAT0002/document.
Full text30 % of the French population being over the age of 60 years in 2035, the notion of accompaniment of the elderly dependence is a societal challenge with the imperative of risks prevention at home. It is in this context, with the arrival of the technologies of integration and the IoT that we undertook to conceive and realize a miniature electronic patch capable of geolocalization to trigger alarms in the case of fugue, fall or wandering. A challenge is the design of antennas on flexible substrates as key elements of the functions of geolocalization and charging by induction. A modeling work allowed the optimization of printed antennas presenting a good compromise integration / performance. A technological process in the cleanroom was developed to carry out bilayers antennas on flexible substrate (polyimide). Several prototypes of complete patch were tested and validated in the EHPAD center
Perez, Florent. "Conception d’un outil vérifiant la cohérence des mesures d’un banc d’essais moteur." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066083.
Full textVenet, Pascal. "Surveillance d'alimentations à découpage : application à la maintenance prédictive." Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO10296.
Full textLe, Pelleter Erwan. "Outil d'électronique de puissance pour le maillage / bouclage des réseaux de distribution : application au controle des flux de puissance et la limitation des courants de court-circuit." Grenoble INPG, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INPG0124.
Full textThe predicted increase of distributed generation units in medium voltage grids will induce a change in their physic and algorithmic architecture. Indeed, a massive insertion of distributed generation into actual grids could lead to voltage profile, protection scheme and perhaps stability problems. So, power electronics devices can find a large field of applications and especially for power flow control and voltage profile regulation. Works lead in this Phd concern a series connected power electronics device, which controls active and reactive power flow through the grid. This system also limits shorts-circuits with the same inner architecture. The grid topology used relies on a meshed / interconnected architecture. This prefigures the tendency of the future. Works concerning control strategies have been successfully conducted with experimentation. The experimental bench-mark consists of a real-time emulated software which models grid connected to a real power inverter
Versini, Pierre Antoine. "Surveillance du risque hydrologique diffus le long des itinéraires routiers : Eléments pour la construction d'un outil d'annonce de coupure." Phd thesis, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00348292.
Full textVersini, Pierre-Antoine. "Surveillance du risque hydrologique diffus le long des itinéraires routiers : éléments pour la construction d'un outil d'annonce de coupure." Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ENPC0736.
Full textDambuyant-, Wargny Mathias. "Veiller sur et punir : expériences du bracelet électronique en France, en Belgique et en Suisse." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0068.
Full textWhat do we talk when we interested of the penalty of electronic monitoring ? We are of course talking about a way of punishing that is based on a device (a bracelet and a case) but also professionnals (monitoring and support). We are also talking about a porter who will experience, during his sentence, an unprecedented measure. This resaerch is already in a few lines, at the crossroads between the sociology of experience and that of deviance and punitive theory. Theses and authors wil be mobilized throughout this thesis. I would also call, in more detail, on the sociology of the body in the analysis of the condemned people and on the sociology of work in the analysis of professionals. This thesis aims to treat the subject of electronic monitoring as a total experience. This punishment is fully inscribed in the life of the individual and includes, in its entirety, the carriers as well as the professionals who supervise them. This thesis will be based on an international perspective : it ompares fields carried out in France, Belgium and Switzerland. In these three countries, the uses and representations of the elctronic monitoring are different in terms of audiences as well as social representations. All of the fieldwork enabled us to carry out, between 2015 and 2019, around 130 interviews with professionals, 54 interviews with carriers, as well as observations in the various surveillance centers of the three countries. In terms of advances in this research, yhey mainly take two directions : Concerning the carriers, we have redefined the penalty as a set of constraints (real and supposed, planed and unforeseen). The electronic monitoring sentence is the combination of a body constraint (the stigma) and a space time constraint (partial confinement in the wearer’s home). These two constraints, of body and space time, redefine punishment as being mainly focused on the identity of the wearer. The different pillars of identity (which define the individual as such) are thus redefined and transformed by pain in chapters which successively address the body, space, time use, social relations, clothing practices and sports, etc. For the main workforce in ou sample, there appears to be a real « self punishment », a punishment relating to identity and involving many influences in both feelings and practices. At the same time, there are multiple ways of partially or totally reversing the penalty in order to make it an opportunity. A new collective relationship also appears which makes it possible to face up to grief in a group : this is what we call « the self made group », the group which is formed in the face of adversity and which makes it possible to overcome it. Regarding professionals, we can see that the electronic monitoring is redifining the border that existed between monitoring and support practices. The two main professional branches that oversee the measure are those of prison guards and prison integration and probation counselors. For these two branches, the application of the measure doesn’t take place without a profound rebalancing of their practices, leading, for some, to social monitoring, and for others, forced support. The study of their practices in situations also brings to light a certain number of common or even similar sensitivities : managements which limit or on the contrary perforate according to the cases, the potentialities of electronic surveillance. In this sentence based on new technology, the human remains essential
Razafindratsita, Heriniaina Roger. "Simulateur moléculaire : un outil de base pour le développement des procédés M.O.S. submicroniques." Toulouse 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU30218.
Full textSouchay, Henri. "Microscopie électronique à transmission en haute résolution numérique et quantitative : développement d'un outil interactif d'acquisition, simulation et analyse d'images." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ECAP0625.
Full textCouture, Nancy. "L'intervention psychosociale en art-thérapieh[ressource électronique] : un outil de médiation du lien conjugal en contexte de maladie d'Alzheimer." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/34500.
Full textAlzheimer's disease touches a growing number of people in Quebec and around the world. Impacts of the disease on people affected and on their loved ones are numerous. Couples confronted with the disease also face specific challenges. The spouse becomes invested in a role of caregiver endorsed "naturally". Thus, the union goes from a marital relationship to a caregiver-patient relationship. Marital and individual identities are therefore threatened by the arrival of the disease. Yet, public services take very little account of marital realities and aim primarily at individuals. However, happiness is linked to marital satisfaction, and the psychosocial benefits of living in a relationship are greater than the costs associated with it. It is in this context that this doctoral research has been conducted. It aims in the first place at designing and documenting a psychosocial intervention in art therapy for couples affected by Alzheimer's disease. It then seeks to capture in depth the experience of the couples who benefited from such an intervention. Finally, the project wants to reflect on a practice of intervention that combines two professional identities; social work and art therapy. The five participating couples were recruited through community-based organizations that serve seniors. To start, a pre-intervention meeting was held. Then, the intervention, inspired by the process approach in art therapy, took place at the couples' homes and was spread out over a period of 10 weeks. During the 60 to 120 minutes meetings, couples were invited to create; sometimes individually, sometimes together. A detailed report of each session was compiled, thus representing the stories of each couple's approach. All couples were also invited to keep a logbook between sessions. A post-intervention interview then collected the experiences and perceptions of each couple. The content of this last interview was recorded and transcribed for analysis. In total, more than 80 hours of intervention and meetings were done with the couples. We can add to this corpus of data the contents of the diaries completed weekly by three of the participating couples, as well as more than 90 works of art created throughout the sessions. Finally, a peer group shared their understanding of the experiences lived by the couples and contributed to the analysis. Exchanges with this peer group have also been recorded and transcribed. All this data was analyzed according to the analysis method of Paillé and Mucchielli (2012). The findings suggest that art therapy is a type of intervention which is helpful in strengthening the marital unions for people who face Alzheimer's disease. Some couples expressed that they found pleasure in the process, got closer, developed a sensitivity to the reality of the other, and made sense of their situation. The research allows for theory proposals about optimal methods of art therapy with this population; it suggests among other things the use of a logbook, or any other type of diary, which allows couples to express themselves between meetings. Some pitfalls to avoid were also identified. For example, some spouses talk about their loved ones in front of them. The facilitator should then provide means to prevent this from happening; an individual meeting with each partner before the beginning of the process would be a solution to consider. The research also helped identify eight functions of the artistic expression in a context of psychosocial intervention in art therapy: playful, soothing, expressive, liberating, stimulating, revealing, identity affirming and transformative. In addition, research suggests that artistic expression, on several levels, is a mediating tool for people affected by Alzheimer's disease, helping their marital bond. Although it facilitates the management of conflicts, mediation goes beyond the role of arbitration to become a tool that allows us to meet the self, to meet the other, and an "us" that is re-united in the face of the disease. Finally, the reflection on the dual professional identity of the researcher, social worker and art therapist opens up to the perspective of a transcendent global identity: that of a practitioner.
Résumé en espagnol
Lafouasse, Fabien. "L' espionnage en droit international : de l'inamical à l'illicite." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010275.
Full textKEMPOWSKI, Tatiana. "Surveillance de procédés à base de méthodes de classification : conception d'un outil d'aide pour la détection et le diagnostic des défaillances." Phd thesis, INSA de Toulouse, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010247.
Full textKempowsky, Tatiana. "Surveillance de procédés à base de méthodes de classification : conception d'un outil d'aide pour la détection et le diagnostic des défaillances." Toulouse, INSA, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ISAT0034.
Full textThe present work belongs to the field of decision support systems for complex process monitoring, such as chemical and petrochemical plants. Since it is not always possible to obtain a mathematical model of the functional states for these processes, it is necessary to consider other approaches such as learning and classification methods, in order to identify their different operating modes (normal or faulty). We propose a strategy, based on Data Mining methods, which allows the construction of a discrete event model of the process behavior using historical and online data. This strategy consists of an offline learning stage for the elaboration of a first reference model. This model, in the form of a finite state automaton, must be validated and completed by the process expert. A second online stage consists in tracking the identified process states. A deviation is detected when a given number of observations are not recognized into any expected functional state. At this stage a new learning procedure is proposed in order to identify the nature of the deviation. The new resulting classes and information concerning the descriptors are presented to the expert as support for his diagnosis. A decision support software tool (SALSA) for monitoring processes using LAMDA classification algorithm has been developed based on the proposed strategy. LAMDA method uses Fuzzy logic theory and introduces the adequacy concept for the assignment of an element to a class. The principal aspects of our work were tested on different industrial and pilot plants
Dawoua, Kaoutoing Maxime. "Contributions à la modélisation et la simulation de la coupe des métaux : vers un outil d'aide à la surveillance par apprentissage." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020INPT0013.
Full textShaping processes by material removal, also known as machining, are the manufacturing processes most commonly used for the production of mechanical parts, particularly in industrial sectors such as aeronautics, automotive, railways, etc. Although these processes are widely used in industry, the prediction of the characteristic sizes of the machining process is not always accurate, and a poor choice of cutting conditions can lead to abnormal tool wear or even to a deterioration in the quality of the machined part. The fine simulation of machining parameters, aiming at detecting anomalies, is a good example of this problem, as it represents the general problem of optimizing metal cutting to obtain cutting accuracy and anticipate rapid tool wear. This thesis is a contribution to the modelling and simulation of metal cutting, with a view to assisting mechanical parts manufacturing companies in their decision-making, based on knowledge extraction from simulated data. An efficient implementation of an analytical model of orthogonal cutting of metals, able to predict cutting parameters in a reduced time was proposed. The performance of this model was studied by comparing its predictions with the 1045 and carbon steel machining data that are available in the literature. By using the high speed resolution obtained from the proposed implementation, a large quantity of data simulating real cutting conditions was generated, and allowed the elaboration of a machining monitoring approach, based on a deep unsupervised learning method. The implementation with the simulated data highlighted the ability of the proposed detection approach to identify combinations of input parameter values (from the analytical cutting model) that could generate an abnormally high internal temperature; this was considered in the thesis as an indicator of the health of the machining system. Implementation of the proposed learning model gave an accuracy of 99,96 % and a precision of 96%, reflecting its ability to effectively predict the outcome
Guilmain, Pierre. "Application des méthodes fluxmétriques dans le domaine des garanties nucléaires." Lille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LIL10091.
Full textNous expliquerons pourquoi et comment le concentrateur de rayonnement infrarouge circulaire ou rectangulaire adéquat doit être choisi en fonction de l'importance du volume à surveiller / allant du simple objet à de très grandes zones de dimensions finies /, de la distance de détection et du degré de sensibilité des alarmes désirées. A partir de caractérisations, de nombreux essais et résultats expérimentaux, nous avons constaté que la précision et la linéarité des capteurs et de l'électronique utilisés ne sont pas astreignantes étant donne que nous ne devons pas faire une mesure de flux mais une détection de déséquilibre thermique. Grâce à la valorisation de notre système, nous devrions arriver à étendre l'emploi de cette technologie vers d'autres domaines telles que industrielle, bancaire, agricole ou culturelle
Bachir, Smaïl. "Contribution au diagnostic de la machine asynchrone par estimation paramétrique." Poitiers, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002POIT2306.
Full textButeau-Vaillancourt, Louis. "PAIRE STÉRÉO AGILE en vue d'une application à MONNET : étude du Viewport." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/24132/24132.pdf.
Full textRammal, Ali. "Modélisation multi-agent dans un processus de gestion multi acteur, application au maintien à domicile." Toulouse 3, 2010. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1116/.
Full textThis research can be seen as a macroscopic approach to a large-scale distributed data gathering. We propose a software architecture to monitor elderly or dependent people in their own house. Many studies have been done on hardware aspects resulting in operational products. But there is a lack of adaptive algorithms to handle all the data generated by these products, because such data is distributed and heterogeneous in a large scale environment. We propose a multi-agent classification method to collect and to aggregate data about activity, movements and physiological information of the monitored people: agent's know-how consists in a simple classification algorithm. Data generated at this local level are communicated and adjusted between agents to obtain a set of patterns. This data is dynamic; the system has to store the built patterns and has to create new patterns when new data is available. Therefore, the system is adaptive and can be spread on a large scale. The generated data is used at a local level, for example to raise an alert, but also to evaluate global risks. We present the specification choices and the massively multi-agent architecture we developed
Lecomte, Sébastien. "Classification partiellement supervisée par SVM : application à la détection d’événements en surveillance audio." Thesis, Troyes, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TROY0031/document.
Full textThis thesis addresses partially supervised Support Vector Machines for novelty detection (One-Class SVM). These have been studied to design abnormal audio events detection for supervision of public infrastructures, in particular public transportation systems. In this context, the null hypothesis (“normal” audio signals) is relatively well known (even though corresponding signals can be notably non stationary). Conversely, every “abnormal” signal should be detected and, if possible, clustered with similar signals. Thus, a reference system based on a single model of normal signals is presented, then we propose to use several concurrent One-Class SVM to cluster new data. Regarding the amount of data to process, special solvers have been studied. The proposed algorithms must be real time. This is the reason why we have also investigated algorithms with warm start capabilities. By the study of these algorithms, we have proposed a unified framework for One Class and Binary SVMs, with and without bias. The proposed approach has been validated on a database of real signals. The whole process applied to the monitoring of a subway station has been presented during the final review of the European Project VANAHEIM
Cardoso, Thierry. "Périnatalité en Guyane. Exploitation d'un Registre d'Issue de Grossesse : outil pour la surveillance, la recherche et l'aide à la décision en médecine périnatale." Paris 6, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA066036.
Full textBenkaci, Mourad. "Surveillance des systèmes mécatronique d'automobile par des méthodes d'apprentissage." Toulouse 3, 2011. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00647456.
Full textMechatronic systems monitoring, especially those built on today's vehicles, is increasingly complicated. The interconnections of these systems for increased performance and comfort of vehicles increases the complexity of information needed for decision-making in real time. This PhD thesis is devoted to the problem of detection and isolation (FDI Fault Detection & Isolation) of faults in automotive systems using algorithms based on research and evaluation of information by mono-criterion approaches. Relevant variables for rapid detection of faults are selected in an automatic manner by using two different approaches: I. The first is to introduce the notion of conflict between all the measurable variables of mechatronic system and to analyze these variables using their projections in hyper-rectangles spaces classification. II. The second approach is to use Kolmogorov complexity as a tool for classification of fault signatures. The estimate of the Kolmogorov complexity by compression algorithms, without loss of information, allows defining a dictionary of faults and giving a score of criticality with respect to the healthy functioning of the vehicle. The two proposed approaches have been successfully applied to many types of automotive data in the ANR-DIAP project
Zeitz, Anne. "(Contre-)observations : les relations d'observation et de surveillance dans l'art contemporain, la littérature et le cinéma." Thesis, Paris 8, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA080051.
Full textHe matter of surveillance has never been as present in political discourse and the international press as much as since the divulgence of the American surveillance programs by Edward Snowden in the summer of 2013. Nonetheless, more then 10 years earlier, the exhibition CTRL [SPACE] at the ZKM in Karlsruhe had widely shown how the mechanisms of surveillance and mass media and the convergence of their functioning had, for a long time, been reflected in contemporary art. Since the 1960s, Peter Weibel had already pointed to the contradictory modes of behaviour that develop in a society of surveillance in his installations and writings. From the society of surveillance to the society of control, the spectacular society, and then post-Spectacular society, to the current society of “sousveillance”, that is of cyber-Surveillance and dataveillance, the influence of these mechanisms has always been discussed with controversy. While one artistic approach focuses mainly on the manipulation, or even disappearance of the individual and their reality, another approach concentrates on the possibilities of creativity and inventiveness that present themselves to the individual in a society characterized by surveillance and mass media.The present doctoral thesis situates itself in the tension that emerges between these two positions. The point of departure is the term to observe that signifies a perceptual act as well as an act of adaptation. At the same time, every act of observation necessarily takes part in an observational “relationship”. Therefore, the potential reversibility of the relationship has to be taken into account. Effectively, contemporary art reveals tactics of counter-Surveillance and counter-Observation. The latter give insight into the way we deal with socio-Political changes – especially since the 11th of September 2001. A theory and a practice of (counter-)observation are necessary to analyze the aesthetics that have appeared in this regard
Dellier, Stéphane. "Contributions à la conception des circuits micro-ondes : Outil informatique d'assistance à la conception et méthodologie de conception de drivers pour la génération d'impulsions optiques." Limoges, 2005. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/c32d017d-3934-4e7f-9055-802ab9eb7a0e/blobholder:0/2005LIMO0046.pdf.
Full textThis thesis deals with the various aspects of the microwave circuit design, and especially how to implement efficient EDA tools for microwave circuit design without fixing knowledge through monolithic, so as to be able to innovate unceasingly. The two parts of this manuscript concern : - the realization of a MMIC driver in pHEMT GaAs technology at 40 GHz of an electroabsorption modulator on InP for optical pulses generation. A design methodology of the EAM driver was developed, allowing to directly take into account in the phase of ultra high frequency CAD, the optical component and its characteristics. This methodology was applied within the framework of a collaboration with Alcatel-Opto+ to the realization of a MMIC driver at 40 GHZ, in 0. 15 μm GaAs pHEMT technology of OMMIC. This realization made it possible to validate the relevance of methodology used, and made it possible to show the interest of the driver + MEA on InP function for the generation of very short optical pulses with a strong extinction ratio at 40 GHz. - the development of a design assistance tool for microwave circuits. Within the framework of a research programme in collaboration with the French Space Agency, a design assistant of microwave non-linear circuits was developed. The objective is propose to designers, a capable data-processing tool to effectively guide them during each design step and to facilitate them the implementation of suited methods in order to enable them to spend more time on the design problems and the development of innovating solutions
Vu, Van-Thinh. "Temporal scenario for automatic video interpretation." Nice, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NICE4058.
Full textIzquierdo, David. "Contribution au développement d'une architecture générique dédiée au suivi d'objets en télésurveillance : application au suivi de véhicules et de visages." Bordeaux 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR12889.
Full textAbed, Hajer. "Interface électronique et logicielle pour la surveillance de la respiration en temps réel en utilisant des vêtements intelligents sans fils." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/68400.
Full textIn this thesis, we present a new architecture of a smart T-shirt to monitor breathing in real time. This smart garment has an architecture that offers an innovative detection method ensuring continuous monitoring of respiratory activity. First the T-shirt detects deformation of the upper chest during breathing using an antenna built into the T-shirt. The antenna was designed in the laboratories of the optics, photonics and laser center of Laval University. A Bluetooth sensor integrated in the same T-shirt subsequently detects the variation of the RSSI signal (indicator of received signal strength) and sends it to a wireless data processing and analysis unit (a computer or tablet). A data analysis interface has been created to allow determination of the respiratory rate and characterization according to the received breathing signal. In addition, the smart T-shirt is powered by a wireless, hybrid power source powered by a rechargeable battery or by an inductive link. Two versions of the T-shirt were tested. The first contains a single sensor while the second has six sensors positioned on the front of the garment. In addition, different parameters were taken into account during the tests, citing among others the morphology, age and sex of the users. Tests have demonstrated successful detection of several relevant information such as breathing cycles (inspiration, expiration),respiratory rate and other statistical measures for diagnosis.
Castagnino, Florent. "Les chemins de faire de la surveillance : une sociologie des dispositifs de sécurité et de sûreté ferroviaires en France." Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC1052/document.
Full textThe proliferation of surveillance devices such as access controls, customers profiling, medical records digitalization, as well as radioactivity or atmospheric sensors, have become the target of strong criticism. NGOs, professionals, and researchers have all denounced their harmful effects or called for them to be reinforced. This thesis seeks to explain these diverse and critical opinions that shape the actualization of the risk society and of the surveillance society. It offers an analysis that rewrites surveillance practices in their practical, social and organizational context from two perspectives: the prevention of both accidents (known as safety) and malicious acts (known as security) in the French railway system. This research demonstrates that despite the remoteness of the issues in question, monitoring professionals face similar practical challenges. This thesis tests this result from an historical point of view by demonstrating that the first rail administrator during 19th century dealt with these two problems using the same disciplinary measures. After much specification of these issues during 20th century, sociological analysis of current measures has highlighted a relation between railway safety and security focused on the notion of "risk management". In both case studies, one of the main activities of safety and security professionals is to dispose of data collected during their surveillance measures. Based on these results, the thesis offers to partly renew surveillance practices analysis. Most research within the field of surveillance studies focuses on the processes related to the collecting of data, their social and political impacts that overshadows the omission, exclusion and destruction of data. The thesis calls for more focus on both the process of collection and separation of data to better understand and renew the critical approach of the practices of surveillance
Moui, Audrey. "Un cadriciel pour une surveillance adaptative de réseaux et systèmes complexes." Toulouse 3, 2013. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2027/.
Full textThe objective of the work reported in this thesis is to propose a software framework able to support the automation of a monitoring activity adaptation. Such an adaptation results in a modification of the way to monitor. Consequently, it is required to define a control plane able to manage the set of the underlying monitoring mechanisms. With the concern to propose a solution both the most generic, modular and reusable as possible, we have identified three properties from which has been designed the architecture of the proposed framework : configurability is the ability to initiate and then to modify at runtime without disruption both the scope and the parameters that govern the behavior of the monitoring mechanisms (for example polling or event reporting), adaptability is the ability to dynamically modify the behavior of a complete monitoring activity, thus allowing the achievement of an adaptation, governability is the ability to detect an adaptation requirement and to trigger the enforcement of the monitoring activity adaptation. Each of these three layers of the framework has been designed, implemented, tested and evaluated. Our approach, its models and their formalization are independent of any technological environment
Begotto, Vincent. "Etude et conception d'un système de surveillance et de diagnostic vibratoires de boîtes de vitesses." Nancy 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NAN10040.
Full textLi, Long. "Contribution au développement d'un système expert multicapteurs pour la surveillance du poinçonnage." Nancy 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NAN10336.
Full textTaright, Yamina. "Contribution à l'analyse de la pollution atmosphérique chronique ou accidentelle : concept de nez électronique." Rouen, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ROUES001.
Full textKhattabi, Samir El. "Intégration de la surveillance de bas niveau dans la conception des systèmes à évènements discrets : application aux systèmes de production flexibles." Lille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIL10103.
Full textUne démarche de conception des filtres de commande, est proposée afin d'assister le concepteur dans la génération des modèles des composants fonctionnels logiques (cfl). Les objets commandables sont développés afin de modéliser le comportement du système physique. Le modèle comportemental d'un cfl, est constitué des comportements élémentaires des composants contraints. Il s'agit de contraintes de fonctionnement et de sécurité. Une application informatique (coce ou conception des objets commandables élémentaires) est conçue afin d'assister le concepteur dans la modélisation des cfl. Une intégration de cette approche a une démarche de conception des systèmes automatisés (caspaim) est établie