Relevant bibliographies by topics / Outdoor environments

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Outdoor environments'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 21 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Outdoor environments"

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Li, Jing, and Yu Liu. "Study on Design Strategies for Improving Outdoor Thermal Comfort in the Cold Regions of China." Advanced Materials Research 250-253 (May 2011): 3798–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.3798.

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Along with the improvement of dwelling quality, the length of time and frequency of outdoor activities in winter greatly increase in the north China area, although the outdoor thermal environments are still unsatisfactory. It is necessary for both planners and architects to improve outdoor thermal environments in the cold regions of north China. This paper firstly introduces the general winter climate features in some north China cities. Then, it takes Xi'an city as an example to show the shortage of uncomfortable outdoor environment. Thirdly, the design strategies to improve outdoors thermal comfort include wind and snow protection, sunlight usage, environmental zones and recreational facilities, etc. are discussed.
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Loebach, Janet, and Adina Cox. "Tool for Observing Play Outdoors (TOPO): A New Typology for Capturing Children’s Play Behaviors in Outdoor Environments." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 15 (August 4, 2020): 5611. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155611.

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Engagement in play has been definitively linked to the healthy development of children across physical, social, cognitive, and emotional domains. The enriched nature of high-quality outdoor play environments can afford a greater diversity of opportunities for play than indoor settings. To more effectively design outdoor play settings, we must better understand how the physical environment supports, or hinders, the different types of play which suit children’s needs and interests. However, play typologies or observation tools available to date do not adequately capture the unique characteristics of outdoor play. This paper outlines the development and testing of the Tool for Observing Play Outdoors (TOPO), a new typology of outdoor play, as well as a systematic field observational protocol which can be used to effectively depict children’s behaviors in outdoor spaces, as well as evaluate the play environment itself. The tool can be deployed in either a collapsed or expanded form to serve the needs of a wide range of studies and environments. This new tool represents a significant advance in the ability to fully and effectively study and plan outdoor play environments to provide more diverse, high-quality play settings that will support the healthy development of children across the spectrum.
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Rappe, Erja, Sirkka-Liisa Kivelä, and Hannu Rita. "Visiting Outdoor Green Environments Positively Impacts Self-rated Health among Older People in Long-term Care." HortTechnology 16, no. 1 (January 2006): 55–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.16.1.0055.

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The restorative effects of nature in enhancing human well-being are well documented. However, the effects of exposure to a green environment on health in institutional settings have not been adequately studied. Our study describes the relationship between the reported frequency of visits to an outdoor green environment and self-rated health, including hindrances experienced during outdoor visits among older people living in a nursing home. Forty-five women assessed their health and answered a questionnaire containing the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) during an interview. A strong positive association was established between the reported frequency of visiting outdoors and self-rated health even when taking into account health-related distresses measured using the NHP (B = 0.235, P < 0.01). The main hindrances related to outdoor visits were lack of assistance and uncomfortable weather conditions. The results suggest that it might be possible to promote the well-being of older individuals living in nursing homes by providing them with opportunities to visit outdoor green environments. By increasing the accessibility and attractiveness of the outdoor environment, the frequency of outdoor visits could increase, resulting in better perceived health. Implementation of environmental interventions that facilitate year-round outdoor visits are recommended.
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Makarskaitė-Petkevičienė, Rita. "LAUKO EDUKACINĖS ERDVĖS: IDĖJOS IR NAUJOS UGDYMO GALIMYBĖS [OUTDOOR EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENTS: IDEAS AND NEW EDUCATIONAL POSSIBILITIES]." ŠVIETIMAS: POLITIKA, VADYBA, KOKYBĖ / EDUCATION POLICY, MANAGEMENT AND QUALITY 10, no. 2 (December 5, 2018): 75–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.48127/spvk-epmq/18.10.75.

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Educational environments – both natural, and internal, and virtual, digital – help to implement education content, motivate education process participants. Lithuanian students’ non-formal education centre has been working purposefully for eight years seeking for the outburst in the country schools creating educational environments and using them for educational needs. In this article impressions and discoveries are generalised, experienced participating in the national evaluation commission work of the Republic school educational environment contest of 2018 and recommendations are presented for the school outdoor educational environment creation and activity development. Corresponding to the aim, it was sought to answer the following questions: 1) Why is Republic school educational environment contest so important and what is its mission? 2) What are the tendencies of fostering and use of Lithuanian school outdoor educational environments for education? 3) What should be recommended for schools, willing to maximally use outdoor educational environments for educational purposes? Positive 33 school experience is discussed, creating outdoor educational environments and applying them for education. It is examined, why it is useful to have an outdoor educational environment plan; why outdoor classes are necessary and what they could be; what environments meant for games, languages, artistic education the researched schools have established; how outdoor educational environments are used for natural science education and so on. It is discussed, what else the visited schools lack in outdoor educational environments, how one should supplement them. Recommendations are given, what direction school communities should go, so that outdoor educational environments are maximally employed in the child’s education. Keywords: educational environments, educational needs, comprehensive school.
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Saorin, Jose Luis, Carlos Carbonell-Carrera, Allison J. Jaeger, and Dámari Melián Díaz. "Landscape Design Outdoor–Indoor VR Environments User Experience." Land 12, no. 2 (January 30, 2023): 376. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12020376.

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Virtual reality (VR) helps to visualize the spatial relationships between the different elements of the landscape in landscape architecture, allowing the user to feel the designed environment and navigate through it interactively. VR can be used to navigate spaces designed both indoors (inside a building) and outdoors (landscape). In the present research, the perception of the 3D environment during navigation was compared between indoor and outdoor virtual reality environments. The value of the user experience was measured with the Questionnaire on User eXperience in Immersive Virtual Environments, analyzing the presence, engagement, immersion, flow, skill, emotion, usability, technology adoption, judgment and experience consequence subscales. In overall self-reported user experience, results showed that the perception of the environment during navigation was higher in open VR environments than in closed ones. Regarding subscales, the existence of obstacles limits the freedom of movement, which causes a lesser sense of presence. A more fluid VR navigation also generates positive effects on the flow subscale. In outdoor environments, lighting generates shadows, which help in spatial perception and orientation tasks during navigation, which facilitates and increases the perception of immersion. In closed environments, light plays a less important role during navigation.
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Morales, Yoichi, and Takashi Tsubouchi. "2P2-C11 Vehicle Localization on Outdoor Woodland Environments." Proceedings of JSME annual Conference on Robotics and Mechatronics (Robomec) 2008 (2008): _2P2—C11_1—_2P2—C11_4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmermd.2008._2p2-c11_1.

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Duchowny, Kate, Philippa Clarke, Nancy Ambrose Gallagher, Robert Adams, Andrea L. Rosso, and Neil B. Alexander. "Using Mobile, Wearable, Technology to Understand the Role of Built Environment Demand for Outdoor Mobility." Environment and Behavior 51, no. 6 (January 1, 2018): 671–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013916517749256.

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Walking outdoors requires navigating a complex environment. However, no studies have evaluated how environmental barriers affect outdoor mobility in real time. We assessed the impact of the built environment on outdoor mobility, using mobile, wearable inertial measurement units. Data come from a convenience sample of 23 community-dwelling adults in Southeast Michigan. Participants walked a defined outdoor route where gait metrics were captured over a real-world urban environment with varying challenges. Street segments were classified as high versus low environmental demand using the Senior Walking Environmental Assessment Tool. Participants ranged in age from 22 to 74 years (mean age of 47 years). Outdoor gait speed was 0.3 m/s slower, and gait variability almost doubled, over the high- versus low-demand environments (coefficient of variability = 10.6% vs. 5.6%, respectively). This is the first study to demonstrate the feasibility of using wearable motion sensors to gather real-time mobility data in response to outdoor environmental demand. Findings contribute to the understanding of outdoor mobility by quantifying how real-world environmental challenges influence mobility in real time.
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Qian, Feng, and Li Yang. "The Green Building Environment of the Gymnasium." Applied Mechanics and Materials 878 (February 2018): 202–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.878.202.

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The natural ventilation of residential areas has placed more and more emphasis on residential area planning, according to the relationship between natural ventilation environments and the layout of architecture, we can reduce the energy consumption and the adverse effect of wind outdoors, improve the living environment and quality of life, making harmony between human and the nature. In this paper, we use Air-Pak to simulate the wind environment of residential areas. Through analyzing and simulating the air field which forms when the wind blows around the residential buildings by Air-Pak, we explain the advantage of the combination of computer simulation software and residential area planning. And we give some advice to the layout of the outdoor environment early in the residential planning area by the simulation of outdoor environments of buildings.
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Laze, Kuenda. "Assessing public perceptions about road lighting in five neighborhoods of Tirana, Albania." International Journal of Sustainable Lighting 21, no. 2 (December 1, 2019): 38–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.26607/ijsl.v21i02.84.

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The light use was assessed in ten indoor and outdoor environments of Tirana, Albania, in November 2017. The five indoor environments presented one lecture hall, one library and three labs in a school environment. The five major streets of the capital city of Tirana presented outdoor environments. Questionnaires were respectively used to assess two criteria of “Vista” and “Visual comfort” of daylight in indoor environments and security, obstacle detection and visibility in outdoor environments. Lighting quality aspects of “Vista” were evaluated at a higher rank compared to “Visual comfort”. The approximately 87 and 60 percent of respondents respectively were not able to detect a pavement obstacle after the sunset (dark) or to distinguish a familiar face at a distance of 5 and 10 m in outdoor environments. Lighting was respectively inadequately comfort to 86 percent of users in five indoor environments. Road lighting after dark was not satisfactory to 60 percent of respondents in outdoor environments. These initial findings identify that lighting could generally be inadequate in indoor and outdoor environments in Tirana. Further research is required on the light use in built environments in Tirana, Albania.
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Winter, Stephan. "Indoor Spatial Information." International Journal of 3-D Information Modeling 1, no. 1 (January 2012): 25–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ij3dim.2012010102.

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Geographic Information Science focuses traditionally on spatial information of geographic scale and associates this per default with outdoor environments. Systems, databases and models are designed for this primary purpose. In this paper, the author discusses the geographic information requirements in indoor environments and, in particular, their differences to ‘outdoor’ geographic information. The main difference, as argued, is that the third dimension is an essential factor for indoor spatial information, while this is not necessarily so for outdoor information. As a consequence, information technology designed for outdoors is not necessarily fit to model, analyze or communicate about indoor space.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Outdoor environments"

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Noronha, Joseph Ajay Neil. "Ultrawideband Channel Sounding Studies in Outdoor and Outdoor-Indoor Environments." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/10006.

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Ultrawideband (UWB) is one of the most promising communication technologies in recent times with the promise of high data rates and spectral reuse. This work analyses the outdoor and outdoor-to-indoor propagating characteristics of the UWB pulse, which can be of the order of a few gigahertz in bandwidth. The aim of the thesis is to provide the parameters needed in order to develop a channel model for such cases. The channel model would then play an important role in determining physical layer (PHY) solutions to optimally exploit these characteristics. The measurements carried out on the Virginia Tech campus are used to compute parameters such as path loss, penetration loss and delay statistics. These are carried out in multiple frequency bands and the results are compared across frequency bands to determine effect of different frequency levels on the parameters. Finally the results are analyzed with respect to similar parameters obtained in other measurement campaigns in an attempt to evaluate the performance of Ultrawideband vis-à-vis narrowband systems.
Master of Science
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Kwon, Ju Youn. "Human responses to outdoor thermal environments." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2009. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/5519.

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This thesis presents a series of studies into the responses of people to outdoor thermal conditions experienced over all seasons in the United Kingdom. The aim was to investigate practical methods for predicting human responses to outside weather conditions, which would be useful in predicting effects on human comfort and health. The studies involved both laboratory experiments and field trials. One particular aspect of outside conditions, not usually investigated in laboratory studies, is the contribution of solar radiation. Single subject and thermal manikin studies were used to determine the contribution of solar radiation to human response. In addition to this, a total of 168 subjects responses were recorded during trials at the Loughborough University weather station compound. (latitude 52.47N and longitude 01.11W). The trials were distributed between July 2007 and October 2008. This provided a comprehensive data-base for the evaluation of thermal indices. The thesis is divided into four parts. Part one provides an introduction to the subject and a comprehensive literature review. It also describes equipment, calibration procedures and methods used. Part two quantified the contribution of solar radiation to the heat load on a person. A human subject and a heated thermal manikin were exposed to outdoor thermal conditions, while in light clothing and (for the person) conducting a step test. They were then exposed to identical conditions in a thermal chamber, but without the contribution of the sun. The conditions outside were 23˚C air temperature, 42˚C mean radiant temperature and 54% relative humidity with an average air velocity of 0.75 ms-1. The difference in sweat rate (person) and heat required (manikin) between outdoor and indoor conditions were used to estimate the contribution of the sun. Using three different analyses estimates were 14 Wm-2, 35 Wm-2 and 50 Wm-2 depending upon the assumptions made. Part three describes current thermal indices that can be used to assess the effects of weather conditions on people. It also presents the results of weather station measurements over the time period considered. In chapters 8 and 9 field trials are described which capture both the thermal conditions and human physiological and subjective responses to those conditions. Chapter 10 uses the data collected to provide an evaluation of current thermal indices for predicting human responses. The range of air temperature and relative humidity (at 2 pm) over a year was -2˚C to 29˚C and 34% to 95% respectively. Wind speed varied and was greater in winter and spring than in summer and autumn. Solar radiation was influenced by the altitude of the sun which depended upon season. Mean solar radiation increased from December to June and decreased from June to December. The subjective and physiological responses for 130 people (65 males and 65 females) over a range of outdoor weather conditions are presented. Physiological responses for females generally showed a stronger relationship with environmental variables and subjective responses than those for males. The subjective and physiological responses of four groups (one in each season of the year - involving a total of 38 people), are presented. It was found that there were significant individual differences in response. Part four provides a suggestion for an improved thermal index. The PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) out of four thermal indices (WBGT, PMV, WCI/tch and Twc) had the strongest relationship with environmental variables and physiological responses but had a weak relationship with subjective responses. A PMVoutdoors index was developed to improve the prediction of subjective responses for the outdoor conditions investigated. Conclusions and recommendations for future research are provided.
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Rosenquist, Calle, and Andreas Evesson. "Visual Servoing In Semi-Structured Outdoor Environments." Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Information Science, Computer and Electrical Engineering (IDE), 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-653.

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The field of autonomous vehicle navigation and localization is a highly active research

topic. The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the feasibility to use outdoor visual navigation in a semi-structured environment. The goal is to develop a visual navigation system for an autonomous golf ball collection vehicle operating on driving ranges.

The image feature extractors SIFT and PCA-SIFT was evaluated on an image database

consisting of images acquired from 19 outdoor locations over a period of several weeks to

allow different environmental conditions. The results from these tests show that SIFT-type

feature extractors are able to find and match image features with high accuracy. The results also show that this can be improved further by a combination of a lower nearest neighbour threshold and an outlier rejection method to allow more matches and a higher ratio of correct matches. Outliers were found and rejected by fitting the data to a homography model with the RANSAC robust estimator algorithm.

A simulator was developed to evaluate the suggested system with respect to pixel noise from illumination changes, weather and feature position accuracy as well as the distance to features, path shapes and the visual servoing target image (milestone) interval. The system was evaluated on a total of 3 paths, 40 test combinations and 137km driven. The results show that with the relatively simple visual servoing navigation system it is possible to use mono-vision as a sole sensor and navigate semi-structured outdoor environments such as driving ranges.

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Tanase, Cristina-Madalina. "Multi-person tracking system for complex outdoor environments." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-245082.

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The thesis represents the research in the domain of modern video tracking systems and presents the details of the implementation of such a system. Video surveillance is a high point of interest and it relies on robust systems that interconnect several critical modules: data acquisition, data processing, background modeling, foreground detection and multiple object tracking. The present work analyzes different state of the art methods that are suitable for each module. The emphasis of the thesis is on the background subtraction stage, as the final accuracy and performance of the person tracking dramatically dependent on it. The experimental results show the performance of four different foreground detection algorithms, including two variations of self-organizing feature maps for background modeling, a machine learning technique. The undertaken work provides a comprehensive view of the actual state of the research in the foreground detection field and multiple object tracking and offers solution for common problems that occur when tracking in complex scenes. The chosen data set for experiments covers extremely different and complex scenes (outdoor environments) that allow a detailed study of the appropriate approaches and emphasize the weaknesses and strengths of each algorithm. The proposed system handles problems like: dynamic backgrounds, illumination changes, camouflage, cast shadows, frequent occlusions and crowded scenes. The tracking obtains a maximum Multiple Object Tracking Accuracy of 92,5% for the standard video sequence MWT and a minimum of 32,3% for an extremely difficult sequence that challenges every method.
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Pitman, David (David J. ). "Collaborative Micro Aerial Vehicle exploration of outdoor environments." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/61318.

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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2010.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 121-124).
Field personnel, such as soldiers, police SWAT teams, and first responders, face challenging, dangerous environments, often with little advance knowledge or information about their surroundings. Currently, this Intelligence, Surveillance & Reconnaissance (ISR) information is provided by satellite imagery and prior or second-hand experiences. Although satellite imagery is currently the preferred method for gaining Situational Awareness (SA) about an outdoor environment, it has many shortcomings. Unclassified satellite imagery maps available to these field personnel are flat images, with no elevation information and fixed points of view. These maps are often outdated, and, due to shadows and shading, give false impressions of elevations and details of the environment. Critical features of buildings, such as doorways and windows are hidden from view. Combined, these flaws often give field personnel a false mental model of their environment. Given the need of these personnel to simultaneously perform a primary task, such as finding a Person of Interest (POI), as well as explore the environment, an autonomous robot would allow these groups to better perform ISR and improve their SA in real-time. Recent efforts have led to the creation of Micro Aerial Vehicles (MAVs), a class of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), which are small and have autonomous capabilities. At most a few feet in size, a MAV can hover in place, perform Vertical Take-Off and Landing, and easily rotate with a small sensor payload. The compact size of these vehicles and their maneuvering capabilities make them well-suited for performing highly localized ISR missions with MAV operator working within the same environment as the vehicle. Unfortunately, existing interfaces for MAVs ignore the needs of field operators, requiring bulky equipment and the operator's full attention. To be able to collaboratively explore an environment with a MAV, an operator needs a mobile interface which can support the need for divided attention. To address this need, a Cognitive Task Analysis (CTA) was performed with the intended users of the interface to assess their needs, as well as the roles and functions a MAV could provide. Based on this CTA, a set of functional and information requirements were created which outlined the necessities of an interface for exploring an environment with a MAV. Based on these requirements, the Micro Aerial Vehicle Exploration of an Unknown Environment (MAVVUE) interface was designed and implemented. Using MAV-VUE, operators can navigate the MAV using waypoints, which requires little attention. When the operator needs more fine-grained control over the MAV's location and orientation, in order to obtain imagery or learn more about an environment, he or she can use the Nudge Control mode. Nudge Control uses Perceived First Order (PFO) control to allow an operator effectively "fly" a MAV with no risk to the vehicle. PFO control, which was invented for MAV-VUE, utilizes a 0th order feedback control loop to fly the MAV, while presenting 1st order controls to the operator. A usability study was conducted to evaluate MAV-VUE. Participants were shown a demonstration of the interface and only given three minutes of training before they performed the primary task. During this task, participants were given search and identify objectives, MAV-VUE installed on an iPhone@ and an actual MAV to explore a GPS-simulated urban environment. Participants performed well at the task, with thirteen of fourteen successfully performing their objectives with no crashes or collisions. Several statistically significant correlations were found between participants' performance and their usage of the interface. Operators who were more patient and had higher scores on a spatial orientation pretest tended to have more precise MAV control. Future design and implementation recommendations learned from this study are discussed.
by David Pitman.
M.Eng.
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ALHAJ, ALI SOUMA MAHMOUD. "TECHNOLOGIES FOR AUTONOMOUS NAVIGATION IN UNSTRUCTURED OUTDOOR ENVIRONMENTS." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1064404165.

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Ali, Souma M. A. "Technologies for autonomous navigation in unstructurted outdoor environments." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=ucin1064404165.

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Henderson, D. G. E., and n/a. "Botanic gardens as outdoor museums." University of Canberra. Landscape Architecture, 1996. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060720.153832.

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Museum techniques of presentation are reviewed for the possibility of use in contemporary botanic gardens. Supporting evidence suggests that these techniques are being successfully applied in some botanic gardens around the world. Institutions that have adopted museum techniques have been found to operate efficiently, whilst providing increased levels of enjoyment and education for visitors. Cultural differences between various countries have small influences on the most effective presentation techniques used, but further local research is required to uncover visitor preferences and use patterns in Australian botanic gardens. General principles of design that work well in the indoor environments of international musuems apply well in the outdoor environments of botanic gardens. Therefore greater use should be made of existing international museum research into visitor patterns of behaviour where it is locally appropriate.
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Asmar, Daniel. "Vision-Inertial SLAM using Natural Features in Outdoor Environments." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/2843.

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Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) is a recursive probabilistic inferencing process used for robot navigation when Global Positioning Systems (GPS) are unavailable. SLAM operates by building a map of the robot environment, while concurrently localizing the robot within this map. The ultimate goal of SLAM is to operate anywhere using the environment's natural features as landmarks. Such a goal is difficult to achieve for several reasons. Firstly, different environments contain different types of natural features, each exhibiting large variance in its shape and appearance. Secondly, objects look differently from different viewpoints and it is therefore difficult to always recognize them. Thirdly, in most outdoor environments it is not possible to predict the motion of a vehicle using wheel encoders because of errors caused by slippage. Finally, the design of a SLAM system to operate in a large-scale outdoor setting is in itself a challenge.

The above issues are addressed as follows. Firstly, a camera is used to recognize the environmental context (e. g. , indoor office, outdoor park) by analyzing the holistic spectral content of images of the robot's surroundings. A type of feature (e. g. , trees for a park) is then chosen for SLAM that is likely observable in the recognized setting. A novel tree detection system is introduced, which is based on perceptually organizing the content of images into quasi-vertical structures and marking those structures that intersect ground level as tree trunks. Secondly, a new tree recognition system is proposed, which is based on extracting Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) features on each tree trunk region and matching trees in feature space. Thirdly, dead-reckoning is performed via an Inertial Navigation System (INS), bounded by non-holonomic constraints. INS are insensitive to slippage and varying ground conditions. Finally, the developed Computer Vision and Inertial systems are integrated within the framework of an Extended Kalman Filter into a working Vision-INS SLAM system, named VisSLAM.

VisSLAM is tested on data collected during a real test run in an outdoor unstructured environment. Three test scenarios are proposed, ranging from semi-automatic detection, recognition, and initialization to a fully automated SLAM system. The first two scenarios are used to verify the presented inertial and Computer Vision algorithms in the context of localization, where results indicate accurate vehicle pose estimation for the majority of its journey. The final scenario evaluates the application of the proposed systems for SLAM, where results indicate successful operation for a long portion of the vehicle journey. Although the scope of this thesis is to operate in an outdoor park setting using tree trunks as landmarks, the developed techniques lend themselves to other environments using different natural objects as landmarks.
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Bhatia, Nimmi. "Mitigation of hyperthermia in outdoor environments for the elderly." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq24443.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Outdoor environments"

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The healing landscape: Therapeutic outdoor environments. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1998.

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illustrator, Ingham Kerry, ed. Little book of outdoor play. London: Featherstone Education, 2013.

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Playground design: Outdoor environments for learning and development. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1985.

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Ginny, Sullivan, ed. Lens on outdoor learning. St. Paul, MN: Redleaf Press, 2011.

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White, Jan. Playing and learning outdoors: Making provision for high quality experiences in the outdoor environment. New York: Routledge, 2007.

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Stine, Sharon. Landscapes for learning: Creating outdoor environments for children and youth. New York: J. Wiley & Sons, 1997.

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Cultivating outdoor classrooms: Designing and implementing child-centered learning environments. St. Paul, MN: Redleaf Press, 2012.

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Dannenmaier, Molly. A child's garden: Enchanting outdoor spaces for children and parents. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1998.

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Plants for play: A plant selection guide for children's outdoor environments. Berkeley, Calif: MIG Communications, 1993.

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Slaughter, R. M. Managing the change process involved in developing schools' outdoor learning environments. [Guildford]: University of Surrey, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Outdoor environments"

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Caneva, G., R. Piervittori, and A. Roccardi. "Outdoor Environments." In Cultural Heritage and Aerobiology, 225–33. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0185-3_10.

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Pleasants, Kathleen, and Noel Gough. "Worldviews, Environments and Education." In International Explorations in Outdoor and Environmental Education, 27–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75980-3_3.

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King, Jason, Eric Brymer, and Katherine Dashper. "A different way forward: an ecological perspective on leadership in outdoor adventurous activity." In Leisure activities in the outdoors: learning, developing and challenging, 147–59. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789248203.0012.

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Abstract A growing amount of evidence is showing the benefits of being outdoors, with outdoor adventurous activities (OAAs) offering a key avenue for engaging with outdoor environments. One of the key factors to successful OAAs is the outdoor leader and the leadership they provide. Currently, leadership in (OAAs) does little to recognize the importance of the human environment relationship and how each participant in OAAs has a variety of different needs. In addition, these needs are not static, and a constantly changing external environment requires a resilient framework for incorporating this fluidity. The ecological perspective offers an alternative pathway for leaders which provides a framework for considering how individuals and the environment interact differently and allows the leader to draw on a range of interpersonal skills through a heightened awareness of participants. By acknowledging that every participant is unique, has their own constraints and abilities, and sees affordances in the environment differently, the outdoor leader can better perceive and provide opportunities for action within OAAs. Adopting an ecological perspective requires a change in our current understanding of how outdoor leaders are trained. By considering this, we can provide a leader with an ability to adopt alternative perspectives that will enable them to look at individuals, groups and the working environment differently, leading to the design and delivery of OAAs that are more satisfying for all participants.
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Cooke, Fiona. "Fear, Fiction and Facts: Animals in Outdoor Learning Environments." In Contemporary Approaches to Outdoor Learning, 23–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85095-1_3.

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Land, Susan M., Heather T. Zimmerman, Gi Woong Choi, Brian J. Seely, and Michael R. Mohney. "Design of Mobile Learning for Outdoor Environments." In Educational Media and Technology Yearbook, 101–13. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14188-6_8.

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Reina, Giulio, James Underwood, and Graham Brooker. "Short-Range Radar Perception in Outdoor Environments." In Towards Autonomous Robotic Systems, 265–76. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23232-9_24.

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Hammerman, Elizabeth L., and Donald R. Hammerman. "Extending Teachers’ Work to Outdoor Learning Environments." In Transforming Teachers’ Work Globally, 35–53. Rotterdam: SensePublishers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6209-470-3_2.

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Pereira, Guilherme A. S., Luciano C. A. Pimenta, Luiz Chaimowicz, Alexandre R. Fonseca, Daniel S. C. de Almeida, Leonardo de Q. Corrêa, Renato C. Mesquita, and Mario F. M. Campos. "Robot Navigation in Multi-terrain Outdoor Environments." In Experimental Robotics, 331–42. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77457-0_31.

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Singh, Atinderpal, and Neeraj Rastogi. "Airborne Particles in Indoor and Outdoor Environments." In Airborne Particulate Matter, 47–73. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5387-2_4.

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Lau, Kevin Ka-Lun, Zheng Tan, Tobi Eniolu Morakinyo, and Chao Ren. "Characteristics of Thermal Comfort in Outdoor Environments." In SpringerBriefs in Architectural Design and Technology, 1–9. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5245-5_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Outdoor environments"

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Dawei Liu and Moon-Chuen Lee. "Mobile localization in outdoor environments." In 2008 International Symposium on a World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks (WOWMOM). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wowmom.2008.4594873.

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Mata, Felix, and Christophe Claramunt. "Augmented navigation in outdoor environments." In SIGSPATIAL'13: 21st SIGSPATIAL International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2525314.2525319.

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Moreno, Daniel, Sergio F. Ochoa, and Roc Meseguer. "Providing Ubiquitous Positioning in Outdoor Environments." In 2015 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/smc.2015.229.

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Jalali Moghaddam, Marjan, Elham Shaabani, and Reza Safabakhsh. "Crowd Density Estimation for Outdoor Environments." In 8th International Conference on Bio-inspired Information and Communications Technologies (formerly BIONETICS). ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/icst.bict.2014.257913.

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Pascoal, Rui Miguel, Ana de Almeida, and Rute C. Sofia. "Activity recognition in outdoor sports environments." In UbiComp '19: The 2019 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3341162.3349299.

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Bengoechea, Jose Javier, Arantxa Villanueva, and Rafael Cabeza. "Hybrid eye detection algorithm for outdoor environments." In the 2012 ACM Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2370216.2370365.

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Congdao Han, Zhiyu Xiang, Jilin Liu, and Eryong Wu. "Stereo vision based SLAM in outdoor environments." In 2007 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and biomimetics (ROBIO). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/robio.2007.4522413.

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Twigg, Jeffrey, Fikadu Dagefu, Nikhil Chopra, and Brian M. Sadler. "Robotic Parasitic Array Optimization in Outdoor Environments." In 2019 IEEE International Symposium on Safety, Security, and Rescue Robotics (SSRR). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ssrr.2019.8848974.

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Contreras, Luis, Olivier Kermorgant, and Philippe Martinet. "Efficient Decentralized Collaborative Mapping for Outdoor Environments." In 2018 Second IEEE International Conference on Robotic Computing (IRC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/irc.2018.00017.

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Haris, Muhammad, Mathias Franzius, and Ute Bauer-Wersing. "Robust Outdoor Self-localization In Changing Environments." In 2019 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iros40897.2019.8967549.

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Reports on the topic "Outdoor environments"

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Tezak, Matthew, Cathryn Reyna, Andres Sanchez, Steven Storch, Gabriel Lucero, Danielle Rivera, Yongle Pan, Josh Santarpia, and Sean Kinahan. ENVIRONMENTAL PERSISTANCE OF BIOLOGICAL AEROSOLS IN OUTDOOR AND SIMULATED ENVIRONMENTS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1876742.

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David, Philip. Detecting Planar Surfaces in Outdoor Urban Environments. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada487482.

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Reimann, K. J. Weight losses of marble and limestone briquettes exposed to outdoor environments in the eastern United States. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5837333.

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Reimann, K. J. Weight losses of marble and limestone briquettes exposed to outdoor environments in the eastern United States. Results of exposures, 1984--1988. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10118300.

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Manzello, Samuel L., Sara McAllister, Sayaka Suzuki, Raphaele Blanchi, Elsa Pastor, and Ronchi Enrico. Large outdoor fires and the built environment:. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, February 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.sp.1236.

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Mudge, Christopher R., Kurt D. Getsinger, and Benjamin P. Sperry. Simulated Herbicide Spray Retention on Floating Aquatic Plants as Affected by Carrier Volume and Adjuvant Type. U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/44540.

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Foliar delivery of herbicides is a common means for plant management in aquatic environments. Though this technique is decades old, little is known about vegetative spray retention relative to this application method. A more complete understanding of maximizing herbicide retention could lead to improved plant management while simultaneously decreasing pesticide load in aquatic environments. Therefore, outdoor mesocosm experiments were conducted in 2020 to evaluate the effect of adjuvant type on foliar spray retention in waterhyacinth [Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms]. Additionally, the effect of carrier volume on spray retention in waterhyacinth, waterlettuce (Pistia stratiotes L.), and giant salvinia (Salvinia molesta D.S. Mitchell) was documented. Spray deposition did not differ among the nine adjuvants tested; however, spray retention was reduced 6% to 11% when an adjuvant was excluded from the spray solution. The effect of carrier volume on spray retention in waterhyacinth, waterlettuce, and giant salvinia was also investigated. Decreases in spray retention were most sensitive to increased carrier volume in waterhyacinth, followed by giant salvinia and waterlettuce. Among species, spray retention potential, as determined by intercept estimates, was greatest in waterlettuce and giant salvinia regardless of carrier volume. Asymptotes estimates for waterhyacinth, waterlettuce, and giant salvinia were 33%, 46%, and 79% spray retention, respectively. In other words, spray retention was the lowest and remained relatively constant at these values for the high carrier volumes tested (935 and 1,870 L ha⁻¹), which were likely due to the presence of pubescence on leaves and flatter leaf architecture represented by waterlettuce and giant salvinia compared to the glabrous vertical leaves of waterhyacinth. Future research will evaluate these concepts under field condition.
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Shinde, Victor, G. Asok Kumar, Dheeraj Joshi, and Nikita Madan. Healthy Urban Rivers as a Panacea to Pandemic-Related Stress: How to Manage Urban Rivers. Asian Development Bank Institute, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56506/vyqu8666.

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During the lockdown imposed due to the first wave of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, there were several media reports of citizens flouting the lockdown rules in the United States. Upon closer investigation it was found that the rules were flouted mostly so that people could spend time outdoors in natural environments. This exemplifies the role of the natural environment as a panacea to the mental stress created by pandemics. River ecosystems are perhaps the greatest natural feature of any city. Efficient management of urban rivers, therefore, is strongly correlated to crisis management during pandemics like COVID-19.
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Manzello, Samuel L., Raphaele Blanchi, Michael Gollner, Sara McAllister, Eulalia Planas, Guillermo Rein, Pedro Reszka, and Sayaka Suzuki. Summary of workshop large outdoor fires and the built environment. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, July 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.sp.1213.

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Manzello, Samuel L., Sara McAllister, Sayaka Suzuki, Raphaele Blanchi, Elsa Pastor, and Enrico Ronchi. Large Outdoor Fires and the Built Environment (LOF&BE):. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, August 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.sp.1241.

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Suzuki, Sayaka, Sara McAllister, Samuel L. Manzello, Alex Filkov, Daniel Gorham, Xinyan Huang, Brian Lattimer, and Maria Theodori. Large Outdoor Fires and the Built Environment (LOF&BE): Summary of Virtual Workshop. National Institute of Standards and Technology, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.sp.1263.

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