Relevant bibliographies by topics / Out of equilibrium dynamic

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
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Academic literature on the topic 'Out of equilibrium dynamic'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 9 March 2023
Last updated: 14 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Out of equilibrium dynamic"

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Kikkinides, E. S., G. Gkogkos, P. A. Monson, and R. Valiullin. "Connecting dynamic pore filling mechanisms with equilibrium and out of equilibrium configurations of fluids in nanopores." Journal of Chemical Physics 156, no. 13 (April 7, 2022): 134702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0087249.

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In the present study, using dynamic mean field theory complemented by grand canonical molecular dynamics simulations, we investigate the extent to which the density distributions encountered during the dynamics of capillary condensation are related to those distributions at equilibrium or metastable equilibrium in a system at fixed average density (canonical ensemble). We find that the states encountered can be categorized as out of equilibrium or quasi-equilibrium based on the magnitude of the driving force for mass transfer. More specifically, in open-ended slit pores, pore filling via double bridging is an out of equilibrium process, induced by the dynamics of the system, while pore filling by single bridge formation is connected to a series of configurations that are equilibrium configurations in the canonical ensemble and that cannot be observed experimentally by a standard adsorption process, corresponding to the grand canonical ensemble. Likewise, in closed cap slits, the formation of a liquid bridge near the pore opening and its subsequent growth while the initially detached meniscus from the capped end remains immobilized are out of equilibrium processes that occur at large driving forces. On the other hand, at small driving forces, there is a continuous acceleration of the detached meniscus from the capped end, which is associated with complete reversibility in the limit of an infinitesimally small driving force.
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Stojanovic, Bozo. "Dinamicke igre ulaska na trziste." Ekonomski anali 50, no. 165 (2005): 121–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/eka0565121s.

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Market processes can be analyzed by means of dynamic games. In a number of dynamic games multiple Nash equilibria appear. These equilibria often involve no credible threats the implementation of which is not in the interests of the players making them. The concept of sub game perfect equilibrium rules out these situations by stating that a reasonable solution to a game cannot involve players believing and acting upon noncredible threats or promises. A simple way of finding the sub game perfect Nash equilibrium of a dynamic game is by using the principle of backward induction. To explain how this equilibrium concept is applied, we analyze the dynamic entry games.
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Balasko, Yves. "Out-of-equilibrium price dynamics." Economic Theory 33, no. 3 (November 3, 2006): 413–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00199-006-0161-z.

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Snezhko, Alexey, and Igor S. Aranson. "Velocity statistics of dynamic spinners in out-of-equilibrium magnetic suspensions." Soft Matter 11, no. 30 (2015): 6055–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5sm01163a.

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Fuchs, William, and Andrzej Skrzypacz. "Bargaining with Arrival of New Traders." American Economic Review 100, no. 3 (June 1, 2010): 802–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.100.3.802.

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We study dynamic bargaining with asymmetric information and arrival of exogenous events, which represent arrival of traders or information. We characterize the unique limit of stationary equilibria with frequent offers. The possibility of arrivals changes equilibrium dynamics. There is delay in equilibrium, and the seller slowly screens out buyers with higher valuations. The seller payoff equals what he can achieve by simply awaiting an arrival. In applications, when buyer valuations fall, average prices drop and delay increases. Surplus division depends on relative arrival rates of buyers/sellers and expected time to trade is a nonmonotonic function of the arrival rate. (JEL C78, D82)
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McDonald, Nicola J., and Garry W. McDonald. "Towards a Dynamic Equilibrium-Seeking Model of a Closed Economy." Systems 8, no. 4 (November 4, 2020): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/systems8040042.

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Economics has long been concerned with the development of tools to help understand and describe the interactions among economic actors including the circular flow of economic resources. This paper expands our available toolkit of models, by describing a novel dynamic equilibrium-seeking model of a closed economy. The model retains many of the key features of state-of-the-art Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) models including economic interdependence, input substitution, nested production functions, and so on. A distinguishing feature of this model is that it adopts price-related balancing feedback loops that simulate the self-regulating behaviour of a dynamic economic system. Our modelling shows not only equilibrium states (as per conventional CGE models), but the transition path toward an often-changing equilibrium. This facilitates the investigation of out-of-equilibrium dynamics and behaviour adaptation typical of largescale disruption events.
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Corbett, Daniel, Alejandro Cuetos, Matthew Dennison, and Alessandro Patti. "Dynamic Monte Carlo algorithm for out-of-equilibrium processes in colloidal dispersions." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 20, no. 22 (2018): 15118–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cp02415d.

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Aguirre, J., and S. C. Manrubia. "Out-of-equilibrium competitive dynamics of quasispecies." Europhysics Letters (EPL) 77, no. 3 (January 22, 2007): 38001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/77/38001.

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Dechant, Andreas, and Shin-ichi Sasa. "Fluctuation–response inequality out of equilibrium." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 12 (March 9, 2020): 6430–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1918386117.

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We present an approach to response around arbitrary out-of-equilibrium states in the form of a fluctuation–response inequality (FRI). We study the response of an observable to a perturbation of the underlying stochastic dynamics. We find that the magnitude of the response is bounded from above by the fluctuations of the observable in the unperturbed system and the Kullback–Leibler divergence between the probability densities describing the perturbed and the unperturbed system. This establishes a connection between linear response and concepts of information theory. We show that in many physical situations, the relative entropy may be expressed in terms of physical observables. As a direct consequence of this FRI, we show that for steady-state particle transport, the differential mobility is bounded by the diffusivity. For a “virtual” perturbation proportional to the local mean velocity, we recover the thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR) for steady-state transport processes. Finally, we use the FRI to derive a generalization of the uncertainty relation to arbitrary dynamics, which involves higher-order cumulants of the observable. We provide an explicit example, in which the TUR is violated but its generalization is satisfied with equality.
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Podderegin, O. A. "Analysis of the Mathematical Model of Cancer Dynamics." Mathematics and Mathematical Modeling, no. 1 (September 24, 2022): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24108/mathm.0122.0000299.

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Qualitative analysis of dynamic systems is a powerful research tool used to solve a great deal of application problems. In mathematical models described by ordinary differential equations, the study of equilibrium positions has actually become the standard: their number and location depending on the parameters, as well as issues of local stability. In mathematical models in various fields of chemistry and biology, it is also important that the natural requirements for the possible values ​​of phase variables are not violated in the process of dynamics (as a rule, this is the non-negativity condition). More sophisticated study orientation is global sustainability.The need for a qualitative analysis of a dynamic system arises because, as a rule, differential equations are not integrated and it is impossible to define the general properties of the system trajectories by integration. However, even if the system of differential equations is integrated, the formulas can be so cumbersome that their use in the analysis of the system dynamics turns out to be a challenge.In this paper, we study an 8-dimensional system of ordinary differential equations that describes the dynamics of cancer during chemotherapy and immunotherapy. The phase space of the system is a non-negative orthant.The paper studies the equilibrium positions of the system. There is always one equilibrium in a system, but there may be two more equilibria. There are conditions for the system parameters found, under which the equilibrium position, being always present is asymptotically stable. Moreover, there is a provement that the asymptotic stability is global.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Out of equilibrium dynamic"

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Sandri, Matteo. "The Gutzwiller Approach to out-of-equilibrium correlated fermions." Doctoral thesis, SISSA, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11767/3900.

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Correlated electron systems represent a wide class of materials which at equilibrium display fascinating properties. Several recent experimental breakthroughs in the field of femtosecond spectroscopy and cold atomic gases allow nowadays to investigate the real time dynamics of these many-body quantum systems. Since strongly correlated systems usually escape single particle approaches, the theoretical study of their dynamics constitutes a formidable problem which necessitates the development of novel techniques. In this Thesis we investigate the out-of-equilibrium physics of simple paradigmatic models that are believed to capture some essential physics of interacting fermions by means of the time dependent extension of the Gutzwiller Variational Approach. After an introductory Chapter on the recent results in this field, in Chapter 2 we present the Gutzwiller Approach in-and-out of equilibrium. In Chapter 3 we investigate the dynamics for the single band Hubbard model after a linear ramp of the Coulomb interaction. We will show that a dynamical transition appears for any duration of the ramp; this dynamical point is adiabatically connected to the zero temperature Metal-to-Insulator transition. We will then consider the role of quantum fluctuations beyond mean field. In Chapter 4 we consider the dynamics of an initial antiferromagnetic state under a quench of the interaction in the single band fermionic Hubbard model. We will show that non-thermal ordered states survive more than expected and that two different nonequilibrium antiferromagnets can be distinguished. Finally in Chapter 5 we will consider a two-band Hubbard model which we believe captures the main physics of the paradigmatic compound vanadium sesquioxide, V2 O3 . After an investigation of the equilibrium properties for this model, we will provide evidences that non-thermal metallic phases can emerge upon an excitation of a Mott insulator.
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Porter, James A. "Out-of-equilibrium economic dynamics and persistent polarisation." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2012. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/56870/.

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Most of economics is equilibrium economics of one sort or another. The study of outof- equilibrium economics has largely been neglected. This thesis, engaging with ideas and techniques from complexity science, develops frameworks and tools for out-of-equilibrium modelling. We initially focus our attention on models of exchange before examining methods of agent-based modelling. Finally we look at a set of models for social dynamics with nontrivial micro-macro interrelationships. Chapter 2 introduces complexity science and relevant economic concepts. In particular we examine the idea of complex adaptive systems, the application of complexity to economics, some key ideas from microeconomics, agent-based modelling and models of segregation and/or polarisation. Chapter 3 develops an out-of-equilibrium, fully decentralised model of bilateral exchange. Initially we study the limiting properties of our out-of-equilibrium dynamic, characterising the conditions required for convergence to pairwise and Pareto optimal allocation sets. We illustrate problems that can arise for a rigid version of the model and show how even a small amount of experimentation can overcome these. We investigate the model numerically characterising the speed of convergence and changes in ex post wealth. In chapter 4 we now explicitly model the trading structure on a network. We derive analytical results for this general network case. We investigate the e�ect of network structure on outcomes numerically and contrast the results with the fully connected case of chapter 3. We look at extensions of the model including a version with an endogenous network structure and a versions where agents can learn to accept a `worthless' but widely available good in exchanges. Chapter 5 outlines and demonstrates a new approach to agent-based modelling which draws on a number techniques from contemporary software engineering. We develop a prototype framework to illustrate how the ideas might be applied in practice in order to address methodological gaps in many current approaches. We develop example agent-based models and contrast the approach with existing agent-based modelling approaches and the kind of purpose built models which were used for the numerical results in chapters 3 and 4. Chapter 6 develops a new set of models for thinking about a wide range of social dynamics issues including human capital acquisition and migration. We analyse the models initially from a Nash equilibrium perspective. Both continuum and �nite versions of the model are developed and related. Using the criterion of stochastic stability we think about the long run behaviour of a version of the model. We introduce agent heterogeneity into the model. We conclude with a fully dynamic version of the model (using techniques from chapter 5) which looks at endogenous segregation.
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Schemmer, Maximilian. "Out-of-equilibrium dynamics in 1D Bose gases." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLO002/document.

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Cette thèse contient plusieurs études expérimentales centrées sur la dynamique des bosons dans une dimension (1D). En utilisant une expérience de type puce atomique, nous créons des géométries de piègage très allongées pour des atomes de 87Rb. Cela conduit à geler deux dimensions et à créer un gaz 1D avec des interactions de contact qui est décrit par le modèle de Lieb-Liniger. Le manuscrit contient trois études expérimentales indépendantes: La première étude traite de la dynamique hors équilibre suite à une trempe des interactions. Nous observons l'évolution temporelle des modes de Bogoliubov comprimés et montrons que cette dynamique continue sur des temps qui ne seraient pas observable sur la fonction de corrélation d'ordre un.La deuxième étude montre que les pertes à trois-corps refroidissent un gaz de Bose 1D dans le régime quasi-condensat. Ce travail est accompagné d'une étude théorique qui prédit ce refroidissement pour les pertes à j-corps.La troisième étude est la première étude expérimentale d'une nouvelle théorie des systèmes intégrables, nommé HydroDynamics Généralisé (HDG).Nous montrons que HDG est la seule théorie <> qui décrit correctement les résultats expérimentaux.En particulier, l’approche de l'HydroDynamique Conventiennelle (HDC) ne reproduit pas l’observation expérimentale. Contrairement au HDG, HDC ne prend pas en compte l’intégrabilité du système
This thesis contains several experimental studies centered around the dynamics of bosons in one dimension (1D). With the use of an atomchip setup we create very elongated trapping geometries for $^{87}$Rb. This leads to the freeze-out of two dimensions and the creation of a 1D gas with contact interactions, described the Lieb-Liniger model. The manuscript contains three independent experimental studies: The first one investigates the out-of-equilibrium dynamics after an interaction quench. We observe the time evolution of squeezed Bogoliubov modes and show that this dynamics continues on times which cannot be observed on the first order correlation function.The second study shows that three-body losses cool a 1D Bose gas in the quasi-condensate regime. This work is accompanied by a theoretical study, which predicts this cooling for $j$-body losses.The third study consists of the first experimental study of a new theory in integrable systems -- the Generalized HydroDynamics (GHD).We show that GHD is the only "simple" theory which correctly describes the experimental results.In particular, the Conventional HydroDynamics (CHD) approach fails to reproduce the experimental observation. In contrast to GHD, CHD does not take into account the integrability of the system
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Vidal, Henríquez Estefanía Carolina. "Phase singularity dynamics in out of equilibrium anisotropic systems." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2015. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/132990.

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Magíster en Ciencias, Mención Física
Esta tesis está enfocada en el estudio de singularidades de fase en el contexto de auto organización en sistemas fuera del equilibrio. Nuestra investigación estuvo focalizada en comprender el surgimiento de vórtices en una válvula de cristal líquido nemático (LCLV por sus siglas en inglés) con anclaje homeotrópico iluminada con un haz gaussiano. Este sistema físico permite la creación de vórtices ópticos que son auto-inducidos y que tienen auto-alineamiento, así como la inducción de vórtices positivos en el cristal líquido. En el primer capítulo se derivó desde principios fundamentales una ecuación que modela este sistema. Inicialmente se analizó el campo eléctrico aplicado y luego se derivó una ecuación de amplitud. Esta ecuación corresponde a una generalización de la ecuación de Ginzburg- Landau con un término anisotrópico y forzamiento espacial. En el segundo capítulo la ecuación anisotrópica de Ginzburg-Landau fue estudiada, caracterizando la solución tipo vórtice. Dos tipos de vórtices positivos fueron identificados. Se calculó la energía de estas soluciones y se mostró cómo intercambian estabilidad a través de una bifurcación transcrítica degenerada dependiente del parámetro anisotrópico. Se caracterizó el vórtice negativo perturbativamente y se calculó su energía numéricamente. En el tercer capítulo se realizó un análisis numérico de la ecuación anisotrópica forzada de Ginzburg-Landau. Se mostró cómo el forzamiento induce un sólo vórtice positivo en el centro del voltaje aplicado, lo que nos permitió comprender las observaciones experimentales.Este mecanismo de anclaje nos permitió concebir la posibilidad de crear redes programables de vórtices con una configuración espacial arbitraria. Esto fue experimentalmente confirmado usando una adecuada configuración de la LCLV. Posteriormente, se adaptó nuestra ecuación para considerar diferentes rayos de luz, lo que mostró numéricamente redes de vórtices en concordancia con las observaciones experimentales. En el último capítulo se estudió la dinámica de dislocaciones en un patrón anisotrópico. Se derivó una ecuación de amplitud enmendada para la ecuación anisotrópica de Swift-Hohenberg. En esta ecuación de amplitud, las dislocaciones aparecen como vórtices cuya dinámica fue caracterizada, permitiendo predecir la existencia de pares de dislocaciones estacionarios, lo que fue confirmado numéricamente. Los resultados obtenidos en esta tesis muestran que las singularidades de fase son un fenómeno omnipresente en la naturaleza, que pueden ser descritas en una manera unificada mediante ecuaciones de amplitud. A su vez, estas ecuaciones pueden relacionarse con el contexto físico específico, cerca de sus puntos críticos.
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Lakehal, Massil. "Out of Equilibrium Lattice Dynamics in Pump Probe Setups." Thesis, Université de Paris (2019-....), 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UNIP7039.

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L'étude de la dynamique hors équilibre des systèmes fortement corrélés, à l'aide de laser femtoseconde, a révélé une variété de phénomènes sans analogue en physique d'équilibre. Dans cette thèse, nous étudions théoriquement la dynamique hors équilibre des degrés de liberté du réseau et leur signature en spectroscopie pompe-sonde. Nous développons une description microscopique des phonons cohérents displacive excité par le laser. La théorie capture la rétroaction de l'excitation des phonons sur le fluide électronique, qui manque dans la formulation phénoménologique actuelle. Nous montrons que cette rétroaction conduit à une oscillation avec une fréquence qui dépend du temps aux temps courts, même si le mouvement des phonons est harmonique. Pour les temps longs, cette rétroaction apparaît comme une phase résiduelle dans le signal oscillatoire. Nous appliquons la théorie au BaFe2As2, nous expliquons l'origine de la phase du signal oscillatoire rapporté dans des expériences récentes, et nous prédisons que le système oscille avec une fréquence décalé vers le rouge pour les grandes fluences. Notre théorie ouvre également la possibilité d'extraire des informations d'équilibre à partir la dynamique des phonons cohérents. Un autre phénomène intéressant qui a été observé en spectroscopie pompe-sonde est l'oscillation des fluctuations du réseau au double de la fréquence d’un phonon du système étudié. Ces oscillations sont interprétées comme une signature d'états de phonons squeezé macroscopique. Dans ce travail, nous identifions d'autres mécanismes d'oscillations à une fréquence double autre que le squeezing. Nous montrons qu'un quench de la température du bain thermique induite par la pompe, à laquelle le phonon est couplé, ou l'excitation d'un phonon cohérent pour lequel l'anharmonicité cubique est permise par symétrie peut également produire de telles oscillations en spectroscopie sans que le phonon soit dans un état squeezé. Nous concluons que, contrairement à ce qui est communément admis, les oscillations à double fréquence phononique en spectroscopie de bruit ne sont pas nécessairement une signature des phonons squeezés. Nous soulignons ce qui peut être un critère fiable pour identifier un phonon squeezé en utilisant la spectroscopie pompe-sonde
The study of the out of equilibrium dynamics of strongly correlated systems, using ultrafast pulses, uncovered a plethora of phenomena with no analog in equilibrium physics. In this thesis, we theoretically investigate the out of equilibrium dynamics of the lattice degrees of freedom and their signature in pump-probe spectroscopy. We develop a Hamiltonian-based microscopic description of laser pump induced displacive coherent phonons. The theory captures the feedback of the phonon excitation upon the electronic fluid, which is missing in the state-of-the-art phenomenological formulation. We show that this feedback leads to chirping at short timescales, even if the phonon motion is harmonic. At long times, this feedback appears as a finite phase in the oscillatory signal. We apply the theory to BaFe2As2, explain the origin of the phase in the oscillatory signal reported in recent experiments, and we predict that the system will exhibit redshifted chirping at larger fluence. Our theory also opens the possibility to extract equilibrium information from coherent phonon dynamics. Another interesting phenomenon that have been reported in pump-probe spectroscopy is the oscillation of the lattice fluctuations at double phonon frequency. These oscillations are invariably interpreted as a signature of macroscopic squeezed phonon states. In this work, we identify other mechanisms of double phonon frequency oscillations that do not involve squeezing. We show that a pump induced temperature quench of the bath, to which the phonon is coupled to, or exciting a coherent phonon for which cubic anharmonicity is allowed by symmetry can also produce such oscillations in noise spectroscopy without squeezing the phonon state. We conclude that, in contrast with what is commonly believed, double phonon frequency oscillations in noise spectroscopy are not necessarily a signature of macroscopic phonon squeezing. We point out what can be a reliable criterion to identify a squeezed phonon using pump-probe spectroscopy
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Wang, Anna. "Out-of-Equilibrium Dynamics of Colloidal Particles at Interfaces." Thesis, Harvard University, 2016. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33493301.

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It is widely assumed that when colloidal particles adsorb to a fluid-fluid interface, they reach equilibrium rapidly. Recently, however, Kaz et al. [Nature Materials, 11, 138-142 (2012)] found that a variety of functionalised latex microspheres breaching an aqueous phase-oil interface relax logarithmically with time toward equilibrium. The relaxation is so slow that the time projected for the particles to reach the equilibrium contact angle of 110◦ is months – far longer than typical experimental timescales. In this thesis, we seek to understand the out-of-equilibrium behaviour of particles near interfaces. Because contact line pinning is likely an extra source of dissipation at interfaces, we start with experiments to elucidate the origins of contact-line pinning and find that polymer hairs on aqueous dispersed polymer particles strongly pin the contact-line. For particles without polymer hairs, nanoscale surface roughness can also pin the contact-line, though with a lower energy. We then extend our digital holography capabilities to track non-spherical particles. We demonstrate that we can track the centre-of-mass of a colloidal spherocylinder to a precision of 35 nm in all three dimensions and its orientation to a precision of 1.5◦ . Furthermore, the measured translational and rotational diffusion coefficients for the spherocylinders agree with hydrodynamic predictions to within 0.3%. This new functionality enables us to track colloidal ellipsoids and spherocylinders as they breach interfaces. By comparing the adsorption trajectories of the non-spherical particles to what is predicted from energy minimisation, we learn that contact-line pinning affects not just the timescales of breaching, but also the pathway to equilibrium. In fact, a particle’s path to equilibrium can have complications even before the particle breaches the interface. Some particles are attracted to the interface, but stay within a few nanometers without ever breaching. We refer to this binding-mode as ‘non-capillary binding’, and we investigate when this binding mode is present, what causes it, and how interparticle interactions depend on the binding mode. The last few chapters in this thesis are extensions of ideas developed in the first part. We track the run and tumble of E.coli to demonstrate the potential of digital holographic microscopy as an imaging tool for active particles. Taking all of the particle-interface literature into account, we also outline some simple design principles for making particle-stabilised Pickering emulsions.
Engineering and Applied Sciences - Applied Physics
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Bidzhiev, Kemal. "Out-of-equilibrium dynamics in a quantum impurity model." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS352/document.

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Le domaine des problèmes quantiques à N-corps à l'équilibre et hors d'équilibre sont des sujets majeurs de la Physique et de la Physique de la matière condensée en particulier. Les propriétés d'équilibre de nombreux systèmes unidimensionnels en interaction sont bien comprises d'un point de vue théorique, des chaînes de spins aux théories quantiques des champs dans le continue. Ces progrès ont été rendus possibles par le développement de nombreuses techniques puissantes, comme, par exemple, l'ansatz de Bethe, le groupe de renormalisation, la bosonisation, les états produits de matrices ou la théorie des champs invariante conforme. Même si les propriétés à l'équilibre de nombreux modèles soient connues, ceci n'est en général pas suffisant pour décrire leurs comportements hors d'équilibre, et ces derniers restent moins explorés et beaucoup moins bien compris. Les modèles d'impuretés quantiques représentent certains des modèles à N-corps les plus simples. Mais malgré leur apparente simplicité ils peuvent capturer plusieurs phénomènes expérimentaux importants, de l'effet Kondo dans les métaux aux propriétés de transports dans les nanostructures, comme les points quantiques. Dans ce travail nous considérons un modèle d'impureté appelé "modèle de niveau résonnant en interaction" (IRLM). Ce modèle décrit des fermions sans spin se propageant dans deux fils semi-infinis qui sont couplés à un niveau résonant -- appelé point ou impureté quantique -- via un terme de saut et une répulsion Coulombienne. Nous nous intéressons aux situations hors d'équilibre où un courant de particules s'écoule à travers le point quantique, et étudions les propriétés de transport telles que le courant stationnaire (en fonction du voltage), la conductance différentielle, le courant réfléchi, le bruit du courant ou encore l'entropie d'intrication. Nous réalisons des simulations numériques de la dynamique du modèle avec la méthode du groupe de renormalisation de la matrice densité dépendent du temps (tDMRG), qui est basée sur une description des fonctions d'onde en terme d'états produits de matrices. Nous obtenons des résultats de grande précision concernant les courbes courant-voltage ou bruit-voltage de l'IRLM, dans un grand domaine de paramètres du modèle (voltage, force de l'interaction, amplitude de saut vers le dot, etc.). Ces résultats numériques sont analysés à la lumière de résultats exacts de théorie des champs hors d'équilibre qui ont été obtenus pour un modèle similaire à l'IRLM, le modèle de Sine-Gordon avec bord (BSG). Cette analyse est en particulier basée sur l'identification d'une échelle d'énergie Kondo et d'exposants décrivant les régimes de petit et grand voltage. Aux deux points particuliers où les modèles sont connus comme étant équivalents, nos résultats sont en accord parfait avec la solution exacte. En dehors de ces deux points particuliers nous trouvons que les courbes de transport de l'IRLM et du modèle BSG demeurent très proches, ce qui était inattendu et qui reste dans une certaine mesure inexpliqué
The fields of in- and out-of-equilibrium quantum many-body systems are major topics in Physics, and in condensed-matter Physics in particular. The equilibrium properties of one-dimensional problems are well studied and understood theoretically for a vast amount of interacting models, from lattice spin chains to quantum fields in a continuum. This progress was allowed by the development of diverse powerful techniques, for instance, Bethe ansatz, renormalization group, bosonization, matrix product states and conformal field theory. Although the equilibrium characteristics of many models are known, this is in general not enough to describe their non-equilibrium behaviors, the latter often remain less explored and much less understood. Quantum impurity models represent some of the simplest many-body problems. But despite their apparent simplicity, they can capture several important experimental phenomena, from the Kondo effect in metals to transport in nanostructures such as point contacts or quantum dots. In this thesis consider a classic impurity model - the interacting resonant level model (IRLM). The model describes spinless fermions in two semi-infinite leads that are coupled to a resonant level -- called quantum dot or impurity -- via weak tunneling and Coulomb repulsion. We are interested in out-of-equilibrium situations where some particle current flows through the dot, and study transport characteristics like the steady current (versus voltage), differential conductance, backscattered current, current noise or the entanglement entropy. We perform extensive state-of-the-art computer simulations of model dynamics with the time-dependent density renormalization group method (tDMRG) which is based on a matrix product state description of the wave functions. We obtain highly accurate results concerning the current-voltage and noise-voltage curves of the IRLM in a wide range parameter of the model (voltage bias, interaction strength, tunneling amplitude to the dot, etc.).These numerical results are analyzed in the light of some exact out-of-equilibrium field-theory results that have been obtained for a model similar to the IRLM, the boundary sine-Gordon model (BSG).This analysis is in particular based on identifying an emerging Kondo energy scale and relevant exponents describing the high- and low- voltage regimes. At the two specific points where the models are known to be equivalent our results agree perfectly with the exact solution. Away from these two points, we find that, within the precision of our simulations, the transport curves of the IRLM and BSG remain very similar, which was not expected and which remains somewhat unexplained
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Massana-Cid, Helena. "Out-of-equilibrium dynamics in driven and active magnetic colloids." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668374.

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In this thesis we investigate the structure formation and the out-of-equilibrium dynamics of driven and active magnetic colloids. The interactions in our system were tuned in situ by using external fields, with the aim of finding novel approaches to drive and engineer these microparticles into a rich variety of microstructures. The colloids formed chains and clusters able to transport cargos, space-filling gels and self-healing crystals. Moreover, we demonstrated the bidirectional transport of paramagnetic particles on top of a structured magnetic substrate. Because of their associated length-scale, colloids are experimentally accessible with traditional optical microscope techniques. We analysed the data extracted from digital video microscopy and used such information to infer the particle dynamics. Colloids have been proven to be excellent model systems for structures across different length scales that are more difficult to observe, such as collections of atoms and molecules. Furthermore, they are helpful test-beds to investigate fluid dynamics at low Reynolds number and can form artificial micromachines that are essential for the realization of disparate functional tasks at the microscale.
En aquesta tesi hem investigat la dinàmica fora de l'equilibri de col·loides magnètics i el seu comportament individual i col·lectiu. Controlant les interaccions utilitzant camps magnètics externs i l'activitat química de col·loides especialment sintetitzats, vam construir microdispositius nedadors capaços de transportar altres materials i formar cadenes, agrupacions, gels, i cristalls amb l'habilitat de reordenar-se. A més, vam demostrar el transport bidireccional de partícules paramagnètiques sobre un substrat magnètic. A causa de la seva mida, els col·loides són fàcilment accessibles experimentalment i es poden observar amb microscopis òptics tradicionals. Mitjançant tècniques de videomicroscopia, vam obtenir informació sobre la dinàmica fora d'equilibri dels sistemes estudiats. S'ha demostrat que els col·loides poden ser sistemes model excel·lents per estructures amb diferents escales de longitud que són més difícils d’observar. D'altra banda, els col·loides ens van ajudar a comprendre la dinàmica de fluids a baix nombre de Reynolds, el que té aplicacions en estudis de microfluídica. Aquest treball és un pas més que ens acosta a trobar un microdispositiu òptim basat en partícules col·loïdals per manipular, transportar i controlar processos a aquestes escales.
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Dabelow, Lennart [Verfasser]. "Predicting quantum many-body dynamics out of equilibrium / Lennart Dabelow." Bielefeld : Universitätsbibliothek Bielefeld, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1228072701/34.

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Mace, Mark. "Infrared Dynamics of Non-Abelian Gauge Theories out of Equilibrium." Thesis, State University of New York at Stony Brook, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10930781.

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The initial moments after an ultrarelativistic nuclear collision present a unique opportunity to study the many-body dynamics of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) out of equilibrium. This system is highly occupied with gluons up to an emergent semi-hard scale, Qs, the saturation momentum. Because the coupling at early times is weak, systematic studies are possible using an effective theory of QCD, the Color Glass Condensate effective field theory (CGC EFT). In this dissertation, we use the CGC EFT to probe novel features of the infrared regime of far-from-equilibrium QCD systems.

The prospect of detecting the Chiral Magnetic Effect (CME) in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions has generated great interest in real-time topological transitions, called sphaleron transitions, in QCD. Here chiral charge, anomalously produced by sphaleron transitions, generates an electric current when in the presence of the strong, but short-lived magnetic field created by the passing heavy-ions. This current can imprint itself on the detected hadrons: the search for this signal is a major focus of current and planned heavy-ion collision experiments at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Lab and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. Using first-principles-based real-time classical-statistical lattice gauge theory simulations, we demonstrate for the first time that sphaleron transitions occur in QCD out of equilibrium. By determining the time evolution of the characteristic scales in the system, we show that the rate of sphaleron transitions is controlled by the infrared screening scale. We then conclude that the rate of sphaleron transitions at early times is favorable for the generation of the CME. With the novel addition of chiral lattice fermions and a magnetic field, we investigate the real-time dynamics of anomalous transport phenomena, like the CME and the gapless excitation known as the Chiral Magnetic Wave (CMW), microscopically. Insights necessary for model building and phenomenology related to the search for the CME and the CMW are then discussed.

Long-range-in-rapidity correlations probe the early-time dynamics after the collision due to causality. In small systems, where final state effects are likely small, the study of such correlations potentially offers a unique opportunity to directly access the early-time infrared dynamics of the system. First, we present a proof-of-principle parton model for proton--heavy-ion collisions. With this simple model, we qualitatively reproduce many of the multiparticle correlations observed experimentally, which are often ascribed to final state collective flow. This serves as a clear demonstration that such correlations can be generated without a final state hydrodynamic medium. Next, we develop an event-by-event framework to study initial correlations of gluons in light--heavy-ion collisions. We show that key systematics in the observed two-particle correlations at RHIC and the LHC can be quantitatively reproduced with this framework. This suggests that the observed correlations may arise, at least in part, from the earliest times after the collision. If this bears out, it would imply that the long-range-in-rapidity correlations measured in small systems are a direct result of the infrared dynamics of far-from-equilibrium QCD.

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Books on the topic "Out of equilibrium dynamic"

1

Giacomin, Giambattista, Stefano Olla, Ellen Saada, Herbert Spohn, and Gabriel Stoltz, eds. Stochastic Dynamics Out of Equilibrium. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15096-9.

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Heer, Burkhard, and Alfred Maußner. Dynamic General Equilibrium Modeling. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-85685-6.

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Dōteki heikō: Dynamic equilibrium. Tōkyō: Kirakusha, 2009.

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Mario, Amendola. Out of equilibrium. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1998.

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Citanna, Alessandro, John Donaldson, Herakles Polemarchakis, Paolo Siconolfi, and Stephan E. Spear, eds. Essays in Dynamic General Equilibrium Theory. Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b138734.

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Bachmann, Ruediger. Lumpy investment in dynamic general equilibrium. Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Economics, 2006.

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Acemoglu, Daron. Equilibrium refinement in dynamic voting games. Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Economics, 2009.

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1951-, Neogi P., ed. Interfacial phenomena: Equilibrium and dynamic effects. New York: M. Dekker, 1985.

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1938-, Miller Clarence A., and Neogi P. 1951-, eds. Interfacial phenomena: Equilibrium and dynamic effects. 2nd ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press/Taylor & Francis, 2008.

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Acemoglu, Daron. Equilibrium refinement in dynamic voting games. Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Economics, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Out of equilibrium dynamic"

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Pratt, Scott. "Equilibrium Strikes Out." In Advances in Nuclear Dynamics 4, 275–84. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9089-4_31.

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Lepri, Stefano, Hugo Bufferand, Guido Ciraolo, Pierfrancesco Di Cintio, Philippe Ghendrih, and Roberto Livi. "Collisional Relaxation and Dynamical Scaling in Multiparticle Collisions Dynamics." In Stochastic Dynamics Out of Equilibrium, 364–74. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15096-9_10.

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Ashida, Yuto. "Out-of-Equilibrium Quantum Dynamics." In Quantum Many-Body Physics in Open Systems: Measurement and Strong Correlations, 87–143. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2580-3_4.

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Dai Pra, Paolo. "Stochastic Mean-Field Dynamics and Applications to Life Sciences." In Stochastic Dynamics Out of Equilibrium, 3–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15096-9_1.

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Monmarché, Pierre. "A Short Introduction to Piecewise Deterministic Markov Samplers." In Stochastic Dynamics Out of Equilibrium, 375–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15096-9_11.

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Neureither, Lara, and Carsten Hartmann. "Time Scales and Exponential Trend to Equilibrium: Gaussian Model Problems." In Stochastic Dynamics Out of Equilibrium, 391–410. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15096-9_12.

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Bonilla, Luis L., Manuel Carretero, and Filippo Terragni. "Stochastic Models of Blood Vessel Growth." In Stochastic Dynamics Out of Equilibrium, 413–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15096-9_13.

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Schinazi, Rinaldo B. "Survival Under High Mutation." In Stochastic Dynamics Out of Equilibrium, 437–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15096-9_14.

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Xu, Yong, Ruoxing Mei, Yongge Li, and Jürgen Kurths. "Particle Transport in a Confined Ratchet Driven by the Colored Noise." In Stochastic Dynamics Out of Equilibrium, 443–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15096-9_15.

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Frouvelle, Amic, and Jian-Guo Liu. "Long-Time Dynamics for a Simple Aggregation Equation on the Sphere." In Stochastic Dynamics Out of Equilibrium, 457–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15096-9_16.

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Conference papers on the topic "Out of equilibrium dynamic"

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Dupuis, V. "Out-of-Equilibrium Dynamics of a Frozen Ferrofluid." In FLOW DYNAMICS: The Second International Conference on Flow Dynamics. AIP, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2204510.

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de Oliveira Aggio, Gustavo, Rosangela Ballini, and Fernando Gomide. "Out-of-equilibrium price dynamics and the inflationary process." In Economics -Part Of 17273 - 2011 Ssci. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cifer.2011.5953559.

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CHAVANIS, PIERRE-HENRI, GIOVANNI DE NINNO, DUCCIO FANELLI, and STEFANO RUFFO. "OUT–OF–EQUILIBRIUM PHASE TRANSITIONS IN MEAN-FIELD HAMILTONIAN DYNAMICS." In Proceedings of the CCT '07. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812818805_0001.

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Bouchet, Freddy, Julien Barré, Antoine Venaille, Alessandro Campa, Andrea Giansanti, Giovanna Morigi, and Francesco Sylos Labini. "Equilibrium and out of equilibrium phase transitions in systems with long range interactions and in 2D flows." In DYNAMICS AND THERMODYNAMICS OF SYSTEMS WITH LONG RANGE INTERACTIONS: Theory and Experiments. AIP, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2839113.

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Mueller, Niklas. "Out-of-equilibrium dynamics of topological an anomalous effects from chiral kinetic theory." In XIII Quark Confinement and the Hadron Spectrum. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.336.0277.

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Fan, W., and W. D. Zhu. "Dynamic Analysis of an Elevator Traveling Cable Using a Singularity-Free Beam Formulation." In ASME 2017 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2017-68299.

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An elevator traveling cable is modeled using a singularity-free beam formulation and its static and dynamic behaviors are analyzed. The beam is assumed to be an extensible Euler-Bernoulli beam, and the configuration of the beam is described by Euler parameters, which can resolve the singularity problem of Euler angles, and the normal strain of the centroid line of the beam. The position of the centroid line of the beam is integrated from its slope. Governing equations of the beam and constraint equations are derived using Lagrange’s equations for systems with constraints. The current formulation is used to calculate the equilibrium and dynamic responses of an elevator traveling cable with arbitrarily moving ends. Equilibria of a traveling cable with different elevator car positions are calculated. Natural frequencies and corresponding mode shapes of the traveling cable are calculated and they are in excellent agreement with those calculated by ABAQUS. In-plane natural frequencies of the traveling cable do not change much with the car position compared with its out-of-plane ones. Dynamic responses of the traveling cable are calculated using the current formulation and compared with those from commercial multibody dynamics software RecurDyn, and they are in good agreement with each other. Free responses of the traveling cable due to vertical motion of the car and forced responses with inplane and out-of-plane building sways are simulated, and their effects on dynamic responses of the traveling cable are investigated. While the vertical motion of the car can affect the in-plane lateral response of the traveling cable, it has almost no effect on its out-of-plane response. Building sways can affect both lateral and out-of-plane responses of the traveling cable, but they have little effect on its vertical response.
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Wang, Le, Xu Li, Qiaoling Li, Duanfeng Lu, Bin Li, Wnkui Zhu, Mingjian Zhang, Ke Zhang, and Nan Deng. "Study on the general dynamic model of biomass drying processes." In 21st International Drying Symposium. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ids2018.2018.7641.

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Nowadays most studies of drying processes dynamics are established on empirical models without clear physical meanings, which could not predict the drying characteristic on different dryers. In order to describe the change of temperature and water content in the cut tobacco in different dryers, a mathematical model based on heat and mass transfer phenomena was developed, and the model employed the relationship of equilibrium moisture content and air humidity as basis, the difference of moisture between biomass and wet air as mass transfer driver, and the difference of temperature between biomass and wet air as heat transfer driver. The drying experiments under different air temperature and humidity are carried out on the batch rotary dryer, and the variance of temperature and moisture content in the biomass is obtained by using infrared thermometer and oven. The model is validated by two parameters with experiment data under each condition of air temperature and humidity. The results show that the drying dynamic model is well on accuracy and universality, and it could be applied on different drying device to predict the characteristic of kinds of drying processes.Keywords: cut tobacco; drying dynamics; equilibrium moisture content; heat transfer; mass transfer.
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Matter, Ge´rson B., Joel S. Sales, and Sergio H. Sphaier. "Dynamic Stability of FPSO-Shuttle Systems: An Analytical Procedure and Practical Results." In ASME 2002 21st International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2002-28158.

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The paper deals with the dynamics of floating systems (FPSO units) moored in deep water in the presence of currents. The offloading operation is carried out in a tandem arrangement from the FPSO to a Shuttle ship of lesser capacity. According to the classical theory of dynamic systems, a study of the behavior of floating units is performed by determining the equilibrium position and then analyzing the stability around this position. The time domain analysis is also used to compare the results. This procedure is extended to the case of systems in a spread mooring configuration and with turret.
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Murakami, Shintaroh, and Hidekazu Nishimura. "Modal Analysis of a Motorcycle Motion During Braking for its Stabilization Control System Design." In ASME 2013 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2013-4013.

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In this paper, modal motion of a motorcycle during braking is analyzed to clarify influence of a stabilization control system designed to the modes. A thirteen degree-of-freedom nonlinear state-space model including rider’s motion is linearized around an equilibrium point of quasi-steady state straight running with constant deceleration, and the modal analysis is carried out using the linearized state-space models. Conducting mode separation and performing simulations utilizing the linearized state-space models, the behavior of the modes including capsize, weave, and wobble modes are analyzed. The characteristic of each mode is clarified from relationships among the impulsive responses of simulations and the eigenvectors obtained from eigenanalysis. Furthermore, the influence of a motorcycle stabilization control system to each mode is analyzed from simulation results.
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Mockensturm, Eric, and C. D. Mote. "Translating Webs With Roller Misalignment: Part I — Model and Equilibrium." In ASME 1997 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc97/vib-4089.

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Abstract The literature on thin, narrow axially moving materials is diverse and mature. However, few investigators have studied the behavior of thin, wide translating continua. This paper and a sequel evaluate the effect of out-of-plane, roller misalignment on the equilibrium and dynamic behavior of wide, axially moving, paper and textile webs. In this paper, a fully nonlinear shell theory that incorporates transverse shear strains is developed and used to determine the equilibrium deformation caused by roller misalignment. This model allows for consideration of large, possibly intentional, roller misalignment. The equations of equilibrium are reduced by assuming the web is deformed into a right helicoid. The resulting nonlinear, ordinary, differential equations are solved both numerically and analytically, employing perturbation. It is found that the longitudinal, membrane stress increases with the magnitude of roller misalignment. However, in a web with free longitudinal edges, the lateral, membrane stress is compressive for any roller misalignment. The translation speed acts, by way of centrifugal tensioning, to increase the lateral, membrane stress. Example results highlight other important conclusions concerning the equilibrium response of webs to out-of-plane roller misalignment.
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Reports on the topic "Out of equilibrium dynamic"

1

Perdigão, Rui A. P., and Julia Hall. Spatiotemporal Causality and Predictability Beyond Recurrence Collapse in Complex Coevolutionary Systems. Meteoceanics, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46337/201111.

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Causality and Predictability of Complex Systems pose fundamental challenges even under well-defined structural stochastic-dynamic conditions where the laws of motion and system symmetries are known. However, the edifice of complexity can be profoundly transformed by structural-functional coevolution and non-recurrent elusive mechanisms changing the very same invariants of motion that had been taken for granted. This leads to recurrence collapse and memory loss, precluding the ability of traditional stochastic-dynamic and information-theoretic metrics to provide reliable information about the non-recurrent emergence of fundamental new properties absent from the a priori kinematic geometric and statistical features. Unveiling causal mechanisms and eliciting system dynamic predictability under such challenging conditions is not only a fundamental problem in mathematical and statistical physics, but also one of critical importance to dynamic modelling, risk assessment and decision support e.g. regarding non-recurrent critical transitions and extreme events. In order to address these challenges, generalized metrics in non-ergodic information physics are hereby introduced for unveiling elusive dynamics, causality and predictability of complex dynamical systems undergoing far-from-equilibrium structural-functional coevolution. With these methodological developments at hand, hidden dynamic information is hereby brought out and explicitly quantified even beyond post-critical regime collapse, long after statistical information is lost. The added causal insights and operational predictive value are further highlighted by evaluating the new information metrics among statistically independent variables, where traditional techniques therefore find no information links. Notwithstanding the factorability of the distributions associated to the aforementioned independent variables, synergistic and redundant information are found to emerge from microphysical, event-scale codependencies in far-from-equilibrium nonlinear statistical mechanics. The findings are illustrated to shed light onto fundamental causal mechanisms and unveil elusive dynamic predictability of non-recurrent critical transitions and extreme events across multiscale hydro-climatic problems.
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Aliprantis, Dionissi, Daniel R. Carroll, and Eric R. Young. The Dynamics of the Racial Wealth Gap. Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26509/frbc-wp-201918r.

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What drives the dynamics of the racial wealth gap? We answer this question using a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium heterogeneous-agents model. Our calibrated model endogenously produces a racial wealth gap matching that observed in recent decades along with key features of the current cross-sectional distribution of wealth, earnings, intergenerational transfers, and race. Our model predicts that equalizing earnings is by far the most important mechanism for permanently closing the racial wealth gap. One-time wealth transfers have only transitory effects unless they address the racial earnings gap, and return gaps only matter when earnings inequality is reduced.
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Kleinman, Benny, Ernest Liu, and Stephen Redding. Dynamic Spatial General Equilibrium. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w29101.

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Feng, Zhigang, Jianjun Miao, Adrian Peralta-Alva, and Manuel S. Santos. Numerical Simulation of Nonoptimal Dynamic Equilibrium Models. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.20955/wp.2009.018.

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Farmer, Roger E. A. Post Keynesian Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium Theory. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, January 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w23109.

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Fernandez-Villaverde, Jesus, Pablo Guerrón-Quintana, and Juan Rubio-Ramírez. Estimating Dynamic Equilibrium Models with Stochastic Volatility. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w18399.

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Doraszelski, Ulrich, Gregory Lewis, and Ariel Pakes. Just Starting Out: Learning and Equilibrium in a New Market. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, February 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w21996.

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Gull, Emanuel, Qiaoyuan Dong, Andrey Antipov, Igor Krivenko, and Joseph Kleinhenz. Simulation of Correlated Lattice and Impurity Systems out of Equilibrium. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1570225.

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Ait-Sahalia, Yacine. Dynamic Equilibrium and Volatility in Financial Asset Markets. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, March 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w5479.

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Pinkovskiy, Maxim L., and Jerry Hausman. Estimating dynamic panel models: backing out the Nickell Bias. The IFS, November 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/wp.cem.2017.5317.

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