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Journal articles on the topic 'OTHR'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

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1

Mohamed Mostafa, Medhat Abdel Rahman, Miljan Vucetic, Nikola Stojkovic, Nikola Lekić, and Aleksej Makarov. "Fuzzy Functional Dependencies as a Method of Choice for Fusion of AIS and OTHR Data." Sensors 19, no. 23 (November 26, 2019): 5166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19235166.

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Maritime situational awareness at over-the-horizon (OTH) distances in exclusive economic zones can be achieved by deploying networks of high-frequency OTH radars (HF-OTHR) in coastal countries along with exploiting automatic identification system (AIS) data. In some regions the reception of AIS messages can be unreliable and with high latency. This leads to difficulties in properly associating AIS data to OTHR tracks. Long history records about the previous whereabouts of vessels based on both OTHR tracks and AIS data can be maintained in order to increase the chances of fusion. If the quantity of data increases significantly, data cleaning can be done in order to minimize system requirements. This process is performed prior to fusing AIS data and observed OTHR tracks. In this paper, we use fuzzy functional dependencies (FFDs) in the context of data fusion from AIS and OTHR sources. The fuzzy logic approach has been shown to be a promising tool for handling data uncertainty from different sensors. The proposed method is experimentally evaluated for fusing AIS data and the target tracks provided by the OTHR installed in the Gulf of Guinea.

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2

Liu, Tao, Xiaoxu Chen, Jie Wang, and Yaohuan Gong. "SUBSPACE IMPULSIVE INTERFERENCE SUPPRESSION IN OTHR." Progress In Electromagnetics Research C 7 (2009): 167–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pierc09031106.

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3

Abramovich, Yuri I., Gordon J. Frazer, and Ben A. Johnson. "Principles of Mode-Selective MIMO OTHR." IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems 49, no. 3 (July 2013): 1839–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/taes.2013.6558024.

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4

Barnes, R. I. "Automated propagation advice for OTHR ship detection." IEE Proceedings - Radar, Sonar and Navigation 143, no. 1 (1996): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-rsn:19960153.

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5

Pulford, G. W. "OTHR multipath tracking with uncertain coordinate registration." IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems 40, no. 1 (January 2004): 38–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/taes.2004.1292141.

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6

Jinfeng Chen, Hong Ma, Chengguo Liang, and Yufeng Zhang. "OTHR multipath tracking using the bernoulli filter." IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems 50, no. 3 (July 2014): 1974–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/taes.2013.120659.

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7

-WU, Tieping. "Transient Interference Excision in China Experimental OTHR." Revue de l'Electricité et de l'Electronique -, no. 03 (2005): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3845/ree.2005.023.

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8

Wang Wei, Peng Yingning, Quan Taifan, and Liu Yongtan. "HF OTHR target detection and estimation subsystem." IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine 14, no. 4 (April 1999): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/62.756082.

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9

Jia, Jing, Wen Sheng, and Lu Zhang. "Research on Aircraft Target Detection Probability for OTHR." Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (September 2014): 1261–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.1261.

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In this paper, a simulation method of detection probability of aircraft target for Over-The-Horizon Radar (OTHR) by computer is proposed. The effects of different ionosphere states on detection range for OTHR is concluded, which become constraint on simulation of detection probability. Taking variety of target RCS with attitude during flight through given track into consideration, simulation model of target dynamic RCS is established. Models of instantaneous detection probability and comprehensive detection probability are also presented. Then, detection probability of aircraft can be obtained through utilizing all models above based on given calculation steps. Simulations show that ionosphere state and target RCS have a great influence on detection probability.

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LIU, Tao, Yu GONG, and Yaohuan GONG. "OTHR Impulsive Interference Suppression in Strong Clutter Background." IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences E92-A, no. 11 (2009): 2866–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/transfun.e92.a.2866.

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11

Li, Shaoqun, Mingyao Lai, and Linbo Cai. "OTHR-25 Germline Mutations in Pediatric Brain Tumor." Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_1 (June 1, 2022): i152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac079.564.

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Abstract BACKGROUND: The exploration of germline mutations in pediatric brain tumor is helpful to improve the understanding of tumor genesis, guide the treatment, and provide genetic counseling for patients and their families. METHODS: In this study, children with primary brain tumor aged ≤18 years old in Guangdong Sanjiu Brain Hospital were enrolled．Tumor tissue or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) next-generation sequencing (NGS) tests were required for all included patients. The genetic mutations in these children were analyzed and patients with germline mutations were screened. RESULTS: 135 pediatric patients with NGS detection were included in this patients. 63 patients were medulloblastoma, 54 were glioma. The rest were 5 ependymoma, 2other embryonal tumors, 2 pineoblastoma, 2 germ cell tumors, 1 pituitary adenoma, 1 neuroepithelial tumor, 1 Schwannoma, 1 neuronal tumor, 1 craniopharyngioma and 1 Rosai-Dorfman disease. NGS was performed on tissues of 122 patients and CSF of 13 patients. 7 patients underwent whole exome sequencing and the remaining 115 patients underwent panel detection. 6.67% (9/135) patients took germline mutations, which included 4 gliomas, 3 medulloblastomas, 1 schwannoma and 1 ependymoma. The rate of germline mutations were 7.41% (4/54) and 4.76% (3/63) in gliomas and medulloblastoma, respectively. The germinal mutations included TP53 missense mutation, BLM nonsense mutation, MSH2 nonsense mutation, MSH2 frameshift mutation, SUFU frameshift mutation, FANCI frameshift mutation, SBDS splicing site mutation, NF2 nonsense mutation and DIS3L2 nonsense mutation. These mutations are closely related to with Ligemeni syndrome, Bloom syndrome, Lynch syndrome, nevus basal cell carcinoma syndrome, Fanconi anemia, Shwachman-Diamond syndrome, neurofibromatosis type II and Perlman syndrome, respectively. 2 glioma patients had a family history of cancer. CONCLUSION: Pediatric patients with glioma, medulloblastoma, schwannoma and ependymoma are easily harboring germline mutations. For these patients, a detailed genetic history of family members is required and genetic counseling is recommended.

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Hwee Tang, Phua, and Sameema Nisa. "OTHR-10. Pilocytic astrocytoma with respect to treatment." Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_1 (June 1, 2022): i149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac079.549.

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Abstract AIM: To describe the sizes of pilocytic astrocytoma with respect to treatment Methodology Pediatric pilocytic astrocytomas cases from 2001 to 2021 were retrospectively reviewed in this Institutional Review Board approved study. Imaging reports, location of tumour, maximum dimension of tumour at diagnosis, treatment given (operation/chemotherapy/ radiotherapy), degree of tumor excision were captured. RESULTS: Imaging was available in 33 with 23 centered in the posterior fossa (1 extending into thalamus), 4 in suprasellar region, 2 in cerebral hemisphere, 2 in thalamus, 1 in pineal thalamic region and 1 in cervicomedullary spine, Tumor dimension at presentation was 5.40 cm ± 2.34 cm. Tumor size at presentation did not show significant correlation with age. 30 patients underwent operation with tumours completely excised in 15 and partially excised in 14 and no postoperative information for 1. Three patients, where tumour involved the thalamus, did not have operation and were given radiotherapy, average size of tumour being 3.47 + 1.15 cm. compared to the 5.59 + 2.34 size of tumours that underwent operation (p=0.06). Completely excised tumours measured 6.29 ± 2.04 cm at presentation while incompletely excised ones measured 4.76 ± 2.53 cm, not significantly different (p=0.09). Unoperated tumours are statistically smaller than those completely excised (p=0.02). One of the completetly excised tumours was located in the parietal cerebral hemisphere with the rest of the 15 in the posterior fossa. Seven of the incompletely excised tumours were located in the posterior fossa with 4 in suprasellar region, 1 in thalamus, 1 in spine and 1 in cerebral hemisphere. 3 patients with uncompletely excised tumours (1 cerebral, 1 post fossa, 1 spine) had post-operative radiation while 2 suprasellar tumours were given post-operative chemotherapy. CONCLUSION: Completely excised tumours are mainly located in posterior fossa. Tumours not operated on are located in thalamus and significantly smaller than tumours which are completely excised.

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Limon, Dror, Eliya Shachar, Lyri Adar, Shira Peleg Hasson, and Tamar Safra. "OTHR-03. Brain Metastasis Among Ovarian Cancer Patients." Neuro-Oncology Advances 3, Supplement_3 (August 1, 2021): iii14—iii15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdab071.058.

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Abstract Background Brain metastasis (BM) are uncommon among ovarian cancer (OC) patients. Their frequency, risk factors and clinical repercussions are not well described. We assessed OC patients who developed BM, the role of BRCA status and survival implications. Methods Study cohort included OC patients treated at our center, from 2002–2020. We retrospectively evaluated clinical parameters, risk for BM development and association with survival data. Results Among 972 OC patients, 28 (2.9%) were diagnosed with BM. Comparing the BM to non-BM group, median age of 60 across both groups, stage III-IV at diagnosis was more common among BM group (96.4% vs. 84.8%, p=0.0065) while platinum sensitivity was similar (92.3% in BM vs. 80.8% in non-BM, p=0.2193). Out of 658 patients tested for BRCA, 33.6% (n=221) were BRCA mutation carriers (BRCA+). Of the patients with BM, 22 tested for BRCA, 13 were carriers. BRCA+ was significantly higher in the BM group compared to the non-BM group (59.1% vs. 32.9%, p=0.0123). Among BRCA+ the rate of BM was higher than among BRCA- (5.8% vs. 2.1%, p=0.0123, HR=3.029; 95%CI: 1.4–6.5). Median time from OC diagnosis to BM and from disease recurrence to BM, was longer for BRCA+ compared to BRCA- (44.3mo vs. 32.3mo and 11.8mo vs. 0.7mo, respectively). Median survival (mOS) was not significantly different among patients with BM compared to those without BM (59.4mo vs. 71.2mo, p=0.36). Following diagnosis of BM, mOS was 20.6mo among BRCA+ and 12.3mo among BRCA- (p=0.4266). No correlation was demonstrated with PARP inhibitors or bevacizumab treatment and subsequent development of BM. Conclusion BM are an infrequent event among OC patients. However, the risk is three-folds higher among BRCA+. Interestingly, BM do not significantly alter survival among OC patients. Our work suggests that the higher rate of BM in BRCA+ may be related to longer survival. Another hypothesis requiring further evaluation, is possible higher brain tropism among this population.

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14

Li, Hui Yong, Wan Ge Li, Jin Feng Hu, Hui Ai, and Zhi Rong Lin. "A New Maneuvering Target Detection Algorithm in OTHR." Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (September 2014): 1122–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.1122.

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In the three-order polynomial phase signal, HAF can be used to reduce phase order to achieve the phase parameter estimation. The loss of signal to noise ratio in the order reduction processing is serious. In order to reduce the SNR loss, this paper uses CPF to reduce phase order. It requiers two one-dimensional searches to estimate the rate of acceleration and acceleration. The estimated motion parameters are used to compensate the target echo doppler and doppler spectrum expansion can be suppressed. This paper proposes a new maneuvering target detection algorithm with low non-linearity. The algorithm makes use of the cubic phase function (CPF) to estimate target motion parameters and reduce the number of phase order. Simulation demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm and the adaptability to low signal noise ratio.

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15

Liu, Ziwei, Hongtao Su, and Qinzhen Hu. "Method to suppress transient interference in skywave OTHR." Electronics Letters 51, no. 20 (October 2015): 1606–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el.2015.2166.

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16

Luo, Huan, Hui Xiao, Jun Yuan, and Hongtu Xie. "Detection of Slow Radial Velocity Ship by OTHR." Procedia Computer Science 131 (2018): 551–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2018.04.272.

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17

Quan, Y. H., M. D. Xing, L. Zhang, and Z. Bao. "Transient interference excision and spectrum reconstruction for OTHR." Electronics Letters 48, no. 1 (2012): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el.2011.2799.

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18

Li, Lin, and Ye Shu Yuan. "The Application of Spatial Super Resolution to Detect and Resolve Signal in Ship Borne OTHR." Advanced Materials Research 546-547 (July 2012): 746–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.546-547.746.

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As an essential branch of over the horizon radar (OTHR), ship borne OTHR contains several important issues, the most significant one of which is how to detect and resolve signal from the broadened first order Bragg lines of unexpected platform motion in the same Doppler resolution cell. In this paper, a theory is proved that the signal’s azimuth is different from the first order sea clutters’ in the same Doppler resolution cell, based on which the spatial super resolution could be used to detect and resolve signal from the first order sea clutters in the echo spatial spectrum. In the ocean, the environment is much more complicated, the signals are also coherent of the widespread multi path effects and the noises are spatial correlated between array elements. MUSIC is failed in this field. Symmetric forward and back spatial smoothing (SFBSS) algorithm is proposed in this paper. The correctness and efficiency are proved by our simulation. This method has a high accuracy and a certain actual value to detect and resolve signal in ship borne OTHR.

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19

Wang, Jie, Tao Liu, Xiaoxu Chen, and Yaohuan Gong. "Method of meteor trail impulsive interference suppression in OTHR." JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENT AND INSTRUMENT 2009, no. 10 (December 17, 2009): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1187.2009.10067.

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20

Almeida, Carlos, Bruna Minniti Mançano, Gilda D’Agostino Eugui, Marcus Matsushita, Gabrielle Alvarenga, and Lucas Dias Lourenço. "OTHR-14. DIENCEPHALIC SYNDROME SECONDARY TO PITUITARY STALK THICKENING." Neuro-Oncology 22, Supplement_3 (December 1, 2020): iii424. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noaa222.636.

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Abstract BACKGROUND Diencephalic syndrome (DS) is a rare condition associated with neoplastic lesions of the sellar-suprasellar region, whose pathophysiological mechanisms are still unclear. DS occurs in <10% of hypothalamic gliomas and has also been described in suprasellar germinomas, craniopharyngiomas, epidermoid cysts, rarely with non-suprasellar lesions such as brainstem gliomas. DS has not been associated with isolated pituitary stalk thickening. Isolated pituitary stalk thickening (IPST) presents a diagnostic challenge, ranging from benign (craniopharyngioma) to malignant lesions (germinoma, metastasis, histiocytoses of the Langerhans group). The coexistence of diabetes insipidus (DI) with anterior pituitary dysfunction and IPST implies more risk to harbor neoplasia. CASE REPORT: A 6-year old girl presented with DI and inadequate weight gain (despite regular caloric intake) and preservation of linear growth. Neurological examination showed no abnormalities. However, physical examination revealed a malnourished patient (both weight-for-age value and body-mass-index below the third percentile). Blood tests and negative IgA anti-endomysial antibodies excluded malabsorption as a cause of her malnutrition; endocrine work-up excluded thyroid dysfunction, growth hormone deficiency, and adrenal insufficiency. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed thickening of the pituitary stalk with a transverse diameter of 7 mm. The patient underwent a biopsy through a supraorbital eyebrow approach. Histopathological examination revealed lymphocytic hypophysitis, with tissue markers all negative for germinoma. The girl is currently under follow up with serial MRI every three months. CONCLUSION DS should be considered as a differential diagnosis in any child with failure to thrive, and imaging studies should be performed even if there are no additional neurological symptoms.

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Quan, Yinghui, Lei Zhang, Yachao Li, Hongxian Wang, and Mengdao Xing. "OTHR Spectrum Reconstruction of Maneuvering Target with Compressive Sensing." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2014 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/870352.

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High-frequency (HF) over-the-horizon radar (OTHR) works in a very complicated electromagnetic environment. It usually suffers performance degradation caused by transient interference. In this paper, we study the transient interference excision and full spectrum reconstruction of maneuvering targets. The segmental subspace projection (SP) approach is applied to suppress the clutter and locate the transient interference. After interference excision, the spectrum is reconstructed from incomplete measurements via compressive sensing (CS) by using a redundant Fourier-chirp dictionary. An improved orthogonal matching pursuit (IOMP) algorithm is developed to solve the sparse decomposition optimization. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.

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Džolić, Bojan, Mladen Veinović, Vladimir Orlić, Nikola Lekić, and Nemanja Grbić. "A solution for the over-the-horizon-radar simulator." Vojnotehnicki glasnik 68, no. 4 (2020): 760–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/vojtehg68-26980.

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Introduction/purpose: The OTHR simulator presented in this paper is developed and used in practice, with the aim of emulating radar signal environment, but also optimizing the radar parameters in real applications such as: radiated power, antenna array gain, path loss, radar cross section, external interference, and noises. Methods: In this paper, the methodology of mathematical modeling is used as well as simulations . Results: Based on the performed analysis, the output data from the OTHR simulator is presented and discussed. Conclusion: The usage of the presented OTHR simulator makes assessing the reliability of a potential radar at predetermined locations automated, controllable and efficient, with results closely matching radar behavior in real operation.

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Meyer, Ashley, Mary Beck, Andrew Cluster, Andrea Ogle, and Joshua Rubin. "OTHR-17. Guidance for providing families with autopsy research results." Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_1 (June 1, 2022): i150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac079.556.

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Abstract BACKGROUND: The Legacy Program is a project where research autopsies are performed on the brain of Neuro-Oncology patients. There continues to be growing consensus that investigators should offer their study participants results once the research project has concluded. Several organizations like the Children’s Oncology Group have established Return of Results programs however, returning research results from autopsy samples is not a common practice. Families have voiced the importance of autopsy donation and want results from that donation. To them, this donation creates a legacy for their loved one and provides hope that their contribution to research will impact the life of future patients. As researchers, this project provides a novel platform where patients and their families can directly influence new research endeavors. OBJECTIVES: We organized a retreat to disseminate research findings to the families of patients who have donated tissue. In addition to the family members, the entire research team and clinical staff were invited. Our primary aims were to evaluate participant satisfaction and obtain feedback that would be utilized for future program planning. METHODS: At the end of the retreat a de-identified, open-ended questionnaire was handed out. Six were returned and evaluated. RESULTS: All participants were in favor of the format and content that was presented and requested an invitation to future retreats. Participant feedback included how to become more involved with the Legacy Program and the request for the creation of a social media group where families could continue to connect and provide support to each other CONCLUSIONS: Our study confirmed the importance of returning autopsy results. The retreat provided needed support to the participating families. During the retreat, researchers were able to hear direct feedback from their findings and the families voiced their goals for future research. This information was invaluable and helped shape our program.

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24

Luo, Yang, Zhiqin Zhao, and Chunbo Luo. "MIMO-OTHR WAVEFORM OPTIMIZATION BASED ON THE MUTUAL INFORMATION THEORY." Progress In Electromagnetics Research M 46 (2016): 69–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pierm15102903.

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Ostorga, Antonio Dono, Gabriella Hines, Soheil Zorofchian Moghadamtous, Yoshua Esquenazi, and Leomar Y. Ballester. "OTHR-06. ANALYSIS OF GENOMIC ALTERATIONS IN 154 BRAIN METASTASES." Neuro-Oncology Advances 1, Supplement_1 (August 2019): i19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdz014.083.

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Abstract Brain Metastases (BM) are associated with poor prognosis. Understanding the genomic alterations (GA) that drive tumor metastasis to the brain will increase our ability to identify patients at risk for BM, and provide better opportunities to implement targeted therapies. We performed a retrospective review of genomic alterations in 154 patients with BM from various primary sites (80 Lung, 22 Breast, 16 Melanoma, 5 Kidney, 4 Colorectal, 4 Prostate, and 23 carcinomas from unknown primary (UP). All cases were analyzed by a next generation sequencing assay the detects mutations in the coding region of 327 genes and rearrangements involving 37 genes. The most commonly mutated genes were; TP53, CDKN2A/B, KRAS, MYC, RB1, NF1, PIKC3A, STK11, and PTEN. A comparison of GA in our BM cases with unmatched primary tumors from COSMIC revealed differences in the frequency of mutated genes: TP53 (Lung 85% vs 38%, Breast 63.6% vs 26.0%) CDKN2A/B (Lung 33.7% vs 7%, Melanoma 56.2% vs 18%, Kidney 40% vs 2%, UC 34.7% vs 9%), ERBB2 (Breast 36.3% vs 4%), MYC (Breast 36.36% vs 0.3%), TERT (Melanoma 62.5% vs 25%, Kidney 40% vs 2%), APC (Colon 100% vs 48%), KRAS (Colon 100% vs 31%), PTEN (Prostate 50% vs 7%), TSC1 (Kidney 40% vs 2%), STK11 (UC 26.0% vs 6%). Our results demonstrate a higher frequency of TP53 mutations (p=0.001) in metastatic lung cancer, and a higher frequency of MYC amplification (p=0.01) in metastatic breast cancer, when compared to primary tumors. The present study demonstrates significant differences in the frequency of mutations between primary tumors and BM. Such differences may play an important role in the pathogenesis of BM and may allow for targeted strategies utilizing existing therapies.

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Romeo, Kevin, Yaakov Bar-Shalom, and Peter Willett. "Detecting Low SNR Tracks With OTHR Using a Refraction Model." IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems 53, no. 6 (December 2017): 3070–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/taes.2017.2726918.

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27

Theurer, Timothy, and William Bristow. "High-Latitude OTHR Adaptive Beamforming: Preserving Angle-Doppler Coupled Clutter." IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems 56, no. 4 (August 2020): 3149–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/taes.2020.2966097.

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Guo, Zhen, Zengfu Wang, Hua Lan, Quan Pan, and Kun Lu. "OTHR multitarget tracking with a GMRF model of ionospheric parameters." Signal Processing 182 (May 2021): 107940. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sigpro.2020.107940.

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Navarro, Luis Angel Arredondo, Regina Malinali Navarro Martin Del Campo, Gutierrez Oliva Lorelay Livier, Valeria Estefania Aguilar Mercado, Juan Luis, and Soto Mancilla. "OTHR-12. ANEURYSMAL BONE CYST RESEMBLING A POSTERIOR FOSSA TUMOR." Neuro-Oncology 22, Supplement_3 (December 1, 2020): iii424. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noaa222.635.

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Abstract We presented the case of a 6-year-old boy who was seen in the emergency room because of signs of intracranial hypertension and left cerebellar syndrome. The CT scan revealed a heterogeneous lesion within the left hemisphere displacing the fourth ventricle and eroding the occipital bone. The MRI showed the same heterogeneous lesion majorly cystic, involving the bone and displacing the left cerebellar hemisphere. A minor hydrocephalus was evident in both studies. A suboccipital craniectomy was done and a cystic epidural tumor remodeling and eroding the bone was noted. The histopathological diagnosis corresponded to an aneurysmal bone cyst. Aneurysmal bone cyst is a rare benign tumor accounting for 3–6 % of tumors of the cranial base. We discuss the unusual location of the lesion.

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Jia, Dongdong, Baiqiang Zhang, and Junhao Xie. "Adaptive processing method for interference cancellation in sky-wave OTHR." Journal of Engineering 2019, no. 21 (November 1, 2019): 8103–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/joe.2019.0756.

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31

Hu, Jinfeng, Hanwen Chen, Zhirong Lin, Huiyong Li, and Julan Xie. "Radio Frequency Interference Suppression Algorithm Based on SOCP in OTHR." Circuits, Systems, and Signal Processing 36, no. 6 (September 23, 2016): 2459–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00034-016-0422-4.

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32

Wang, Kai, Li Cheng, Xin Yu Wang, and Cong Yi Fu. "Simulation and Analysis of Stealth Fighter RCS in High-Frequency Band." Advanced Materials Research 571 (September 2012): 547–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.571.547.

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The sky wave over-the-horizon radar (OTHR) works in high-frequency (HF) band, in which the stealth fighter RCS feature is largely different from that in microwave band. According to 3ds-Max model of F-22 fighter, RCS in HF band is computed by XFDTD software with different frequency, polarizations and angles. The simulation provides worthy preference on researching the ability of anti-stealth fighter of OTHR.

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He, Huan, Yi Chun Pan, and Fang Zhi Geng. "Research on Backscattering of Sky Wave from Sea Surface." Applied Mechanics and Materials 602-605 (August 2014): 2709–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.602-605.2709.

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For a long period, the sky-wave over-the-horizon radar (OTHR) has difficulty in detecting ship under the background of sea clutter, and it is difficult to apply the existing sea clutter model established in surface wave propagation mode to the sky-wave OTHR sea clutter suppression. Therefore, the difference between surface wave and sky wave propagation mode is analyzed firstly, then the scope of grazing angle about sky wave beam is calculated, finally the backscattering coefficients of sky wave from sea surface are derived by perturbation method and the backscattering mechanisms of sky wave from sea surface are analyzed. Results show that the mechanisms observe Bragg scattering mechanism. The backscattering coefficients of sky wave from sea surface which are given in this paper for the first time are significant for sky-wave OTHR sea clutter suppression.

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Jia, Jing, and Wen Sheng. "Simulation on Detection Probability Loss of OTHR under Oppressive Active Jamming." Applied Mechanics and Materials 701-702 (December 2014): 544–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.701-702.544.

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Aim to quantificational evaluation of capability of countering oppressive active jamming for Sky-wave Over-The-Horizon Radar (SWOTHR), main oppressive jamming types for SWOTHR and measures of countering oppressive jamming of SWOTHR are analyzed minutely. Based on idea of power countermeasure, evaluation index of detection probability loss is put forward. Based on signal-to-interference ratio equation including the main measures of anti-jamming, simulation models of detection probability loss are established. Simulation results show that SWOTHR has strong capability of countering oppressive active jamming and capability of countering main lobe interference stronger than side lobe interference. And simulation results also confirm feasibility and validity of evaluation index and models.

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35

Voß, Hannah, Simon Schlumbohm, Marcus Wurlitzer, Matthias Dottermusch, Philipp Neumann, Philip Barwikowski, Hartmut Schlüter, Christoph Krisp, and Julia Neumann. "OTHR-07. A new framework for missing value tolerant data integration." Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_1 (June 1, 2022): i148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac079.546.

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Abstract Dataset integration is common practice to overcome limitations, e.g., in statistically underpowered omics datasets. This is of particular importance when analyzing rare tumor entities. However, combining datasets leads to the introduction of biases, so called 'batch effects', which are due to differences in quantification techniques, laboratory equipment or used tissue type. A common problem is the missing quantification for features like gene transcripts or proteins within a dataset. These missing values can appear at random in a given dataset and also get introduced by combination of multiple datasets. Currently, strategies beyond common normalization for batch effect reduction are either missing entirely or are unable to handle absence of data points and therefore rely on error-prone data imputation. We introduce a framework that enables batch effect adjustments for combined datasets while avoiding data loss by appropriately handling missing values without imputation. The underlying idea is based on a matrix dissection approach, adjusting common information from the integrated dataset under guarantee of sufficient data presence. The strategy is implemented within the R environment and linked with popular software stacks that are built on top of R. Successful data adjustment is exemplarily shown for proteomic data generated by different quantification approaches and LC-MS/MS instrumentation setups.

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Pohlmann, Anike, Teresa Gerling, Carolin Walter, Viktoria Melcher, Flavia W. de Faria, Alina Disch, Deniz Kanber, et al. "OTHR-34. Identifying mechanisms of microglia-tumor cell interactions in retinoblastoma." Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_1 (June 1, 2022): i154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac079.572.

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Abstract BACKGROUND: Treatment-related long-term sequelae and chemotherapy resistance diminish the success of retinoblastoma (RB) treatment. To unravel the mechanisms leading to tumor progression and resistance we examined the intratumoral cellular heterogeneity of RB and its interactions with cells of the tumor microenvironment (TME). METHODS: We used single-cell RNA (scRNA-seq) and ATAC sequencing (scATAC-seq) as well as spatial transcriptomics to analyze and compare RB samples from patients with or without previous chemotherapy (chemo-treated vs. naïve). In addition, we developed a 3D model by injection of RB and TME cells into retinal organoids, which mimics the heterogeneous surrounding of the tumor in a spatially and functionally organized manner. RESULTS: ScRNA-seq revealed a high intratumoral heterogeneity of tumor cells representing distinct developmental stages from progenitors to more differentiated photoreceptor cells. The predominant cell type in the TME was M2-activated microglia (MG). M2-MG exerted multiple receptor-ligand interactions with RB tumor cells which were not found in non-diseased retinas. These tumor-specific cellular interactions regulate multiple signaling pathways (e. g. VEGF-, WNT-, BMP-, PGF- signaling) known to be involved in RB progression. By comparing chemo-treated and chemo-naïve RB samples we were able to identify treatment-resistant and -sensitive subpopulations of tumor cells. Finally, data from our RB-retina in vitro model highlighted the impact of RB cells on gene expression programs of normal retinal cells. CONCLUSION: In summary, we deciphered the intratumoral heterogeneity of RB, uncovered an intricate network of microglia-tumor cell interactions that connects numerous important signaling pathways, and further identified chemotherapy-resistant/sensitive tumor cell populations. The latter observation could prove to be very helpful in the development of novel therapeutic approaches in the treatment of RB.

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Kavouridis, Vasileios, Maya Harary, Timothy Smith, David Braun, and Bryan Iorgulescu. "OTHR-04. INCIDENCE AND SURVIVAL OUTCOMES IN UROTHELIAL CARCINOMA BRAIN METASTASES." Neuro-Oncology Advances 1, Supplement_1 (August 2019): i18—i19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdz014.081.

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Abstract INTRODUCTION: Urothelial carcinoma is a common malignancy with ~79,000 new cases diagnosed annually. However, urothelial brain metastases (UBM) are encountered uncommonly. Herein we evaluate their national prevalence, predictors, and treatment outcomes in the contemporary era. METHODS: The characteristics, management, and overall survival (OS) of UBM patients (2010–2015) were evaluated using the National Cancer Database, which comprises >70% of all newly diagnosed cancers in the U.S. OS was analyzed with Kaplan-Meier methods and log-rank tests. National outcomes were compared to our institutional cohort of UBMs. RESULTS: Out of 208,600 patients diagnosed with urothelial carcinoma, 8.4% presented with stage IV disease--of these only 216 (1.2%) had BMs at the time of diagnosis. Patients presenting with bone, liver, or lung metastases were more likely to present with synchronous BMs. Brain involvement demonstrated significantly worse median OS (3.9mos, 95%CI: 3.1–4.9) than non-BM stage IV disease (10.9mos, 95%CI: 10.6–11.2, p< 0.001). Compared to non-BM stage IV disease, UBMs were more likely to have surgery for metastatic disease and receive radiotherapy (p< 0.001); but were less likely to have primary resection or chemotherapy. In multivariable analysis of stage IV urothelial cancer, BMs demonstrated significantly worse OS (HR 1.43, 95%CI: 1.20–1.72, p< 0.001). In our institutional data, 10 urothelial cancer patients developed BMs; of which 7 were male, median age and KPS at diagnosis were 64.9yo (IQR 56.4–72.0) and 85 (IQR 75–100). Four patients had synchronous metastases; the median number of BM lesions was 2 (IQR 1–2), with a median size of 2.6cm (IQR 1.6–3.3). All 10 underwent GTR, 3 also with SRS and 7 with WBRT, associated with a median OS of 16.5mos. CONCLUSION: Our results confirm the rarity of UBMs and suggest that BM screening may only be indicated in stage IV patients with neurological symptoms. Systemic therapies demonstrate improved OS in these patients.

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Bo, Chao, Hong Gu, Weimin Su, and Jinli Chen. "Ionosphere phase decontamination method based on subspace in sky‐wave OTHR." Electronics Letters 50, no. 24 (November 2014): 1874–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el.2014.2994.

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Guo, Zhen, Zengfu Wang, Yuhang Hao, Hua Lan, and Quan Pan. "An Improved Coordinate Registration for Over-the-Horizon Radar Using Reference Sources." Electronics 10, no. 24 (December 11, 2021): 3086. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10243086.

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In the target localization of skywave over-the-horizon radar (OTHR), the error of the ionospheric parameters is one main error source. To reduce the error of ionospheric parameters, a method using both the information of reference sources (e.g., terrain features, ADS-B) in ground coordinates and the corresponding OTHR measurements is proposed to estimate the ionospheric parameters. Describing the ionospheric electron density profile by the quasi-parabolic model, the estimation of the ionospheric parameters is formulated as an inverse problem, and is solved by a Markov chain Monte Carlo method due to the complicated ray path equations. Simulation results show that, comparing with using the a prior value of the ionospheric parameters, using the estimated ionospheric parameters based on four airliners in OTHR coordinate registration process, the ground range RMSE of interested targets is reduced from 2.86 to 1.13 km and the corresponding improvement ratio is up to 60.39%. This illustrates that the proposed method using reference sources is able to significantly improve the accuracy of target localization.

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Messiaen, Julie, Marleen Derweduwe, Annelies Claeys, Lien Solie, Raf Sciot, Isabelle Vanden Bempt, Steven Devleeschouwer, et al. "OTHR-38. The development of patient-derived models of pediatric brain tumors." Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_1 (June 1, 2022): i155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac079.576.

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Abstract Brain tumors are still a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children, despite extensive research. An individualized therapy is warranted to combat the heterogeneity present in these tumors. Therefore, this study aims at developing patient-derived models from both low- and high-grade tumors. As such, the heterogeneity in these tumors can be further characterized and treatment sensitivities can be studied. All pediatric patients diagnosed with a brain tumor at the University Hospitals Leuven and receiving surgical intervention were included after informed consent. If sufficient tumoral material was available, a fresh tumor sample was collected during surgery. The sample was processed into dissociated cells, which were grown in culture in order to develop a patient-derived cell line (PDCL). Biomarker expression using a qPCR array was performed if growth beyond passage 3 was achieved. Established PDCLs were subsequently subjected to genomic and transcriptional profiling and cytotoxicity assays were performed to determine therapeutic sensitivities. Patient-derived xenografts (PDX) are developped in selected cases. 70 patients were included prospectively up until January 2022 and tumoral material was available for 50 of them. In total, 10 PDCLs could be generated (3 high-grade, 7 low-grade tumors), while 9 early cultures (3 high-grade, 6 low-grade) are still being expanded. qPCR and sequencing analysis confirm preservation of driving mutations. The high level of growth failures of the PDCLs can be explained by the high proportion of lower grade tumors included. One PDX model was generated. In conclusion, novel patient-derived models from pediatric brain tumors have been generated, which recapitulate the characteristics of the original tumor. The models are a valuable tool to study these tumors and the responses to different treatments. Further on, we will continue with the development of these models and the study of their therapeutic sensitivities. This will help further improving the understanding of these tumors.

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Bendel, Anne, Mary Skrypek, Dinel Pond, Damon Olson, Kris Ann Schultz, and Samuel Roiko. "OTHR-46. Single institution experience using molecular analysis of pediatric CNS tumors." Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_1 (June 1, 2022): i157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac079.584.

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Abstract Molecular analysis of pediatric CNS tumors helps confirm the diagnosis, but can also guide treatment by identifying prognostic factors allowing for treatment stratification, and by unveiling active signaling pathways which can be targeted. This report is a retrospective review of the molecular analysis performed on all CNS tumors biopsied or resected at Children’s Minnesota over the last 3 years to evaluate our current practices. From 2019-2021, 118 patients with newly diagnosed CNS tumors underwent surgery followed by molecular assessment (14 IHC/FISH, 85 NGS, 7 methylation profiling) on 100% of medulloblastoma, other embryonal tumors, and schwannoma; 90% of ependymoma; 88% of HGG; 71% of LGG/glioneuronal/neuronal tumors; and 50% of meningioma and craniopharygioma. MAPK pathway alterations were seen in 84% of LGG/glioneuronal/neuronal tumors, with KIAA1540-BRAF fusion seen exclusively in pilocytic astrocytoma and BRAFV600E alterations seen in diffuse LGG (75%), PLNTY and PXA. Frequent alterations seen in HGG included H3F3A-K27M, H3F3A-G34, TP53, PDGFRA, ATRX, CDKN2A/B. Common gene alterations in medulloblastoma included monosomy 6 (100%) and alteration of CTNNB1 (50%) in WNT subgroup; PTCH1 (75%) in SHH subgroup; MYC/MYCN gain (60%) or amplification (60%) in Non-WNT/SHH subgroup. Alterations in FOXR2 in CNS neuroblastoma, SMARCB1 in ATRT and C19MC in ETMR confirmed these diagnoses. Supratentorial ependymoma showed ZFTQ-RELA fusion (100%) and infratentorial ependymoma showed chromosomal copy number changes including 1q gain (40%). Meningiomas showed deletion of NF2 and SMARCB1 and craniopharyngioma had alterations in CTNNB1. Molecular analysis confirmed the diagnosis in 23% of tumors, aided with targeted treatment in 20% of patients (82% of HGG, 9% of LGG, 13% of medulloblastomas) and allowed for risk-adapted treatment in 93% of medulloblastomas. These findings indicate that identification of pathogenic variants in CNS tumors aids in the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric CNS tumors and should be considered standard practice.

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Soja, Jacqueline, Rebekah Wilson, Alexandra Yunker, Rahela Aziz-Bose, Erin Gordon, Christina Dieli-Conwright, and Tabitha Cooney. "OTHR-16. Nutritional screening of U.S. pediatric central nervous system tumor survivors." Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_1 (June 1, 2022): i150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac079.555.

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Abstract INTRODUCTION: Adult survivors of pediatric central nervous system (CNS) tumors are at the highest risk for morbidity and late mortality among all childhood cancers – owed in part to chronic health condition burden, which intersects with environmental and lifestyle factors. Their weight epidemiology has not been previously characterized. METHODS: An institutional, cross-sectional study was carried out amongst young adults ages 18-39 years, previously treated for pediatric CNS tumors and seen in our specialty survivorship clinic from January 2016 to December 2021. Sociodemographic, clinical, and treatment information was extracted from medical records and summarized by descriptive statistics. Anthropometric information extracted from clinical visit records was used to calculate body mass index (BMI) and weight status category according to CDC guidelines. RESULTS: We identified 200 survivors, 47% male and 53% female. Median age was 26 years (range 18-39); patients were median 16.5 years (range 1.5-34.2) from initial diagnosis. Most common primary diagnoses were low grade-glioma (51.0%) and embryonal tumor (20.5%.) One hundred and five (52.5%) survivors had received prior cranial radiation; 81 (40.5%) had an endocrinologic disorder at time of visit. Amongst the entire cohort, 39% were healthy weight, 5% were underweight, 27% overweight, 21% obese, and 8% severely obese. CONCLUSION: The majority of young adult survivors seen in our clinic were not healthy weight by BMI definition. The distribution of BMI groups appears comparable to contemporary studies of the general young adult U.S. population. For those with decreased muscle mass, a previously recognized issue in pediatric CNS tumor survivors, BMI may underestimate body fat. By abstract presentation, univariable analyses will be performed using the Fisher’s exact test or Wilcoxon rank sum test to assess for undernutrition and overnutrition risk factors. Our refined understanding of the nutritional epidemiology in this population will allow for more strategic diet and exercise interventions.

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Wang, Zhaoyi, Zhongtao Luo, Zishu He, and Shengnan Shi. "Coarseness in OTHR Image and Its Application for Diagonal Loading Factor Determination." IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters 17, no. 9 (September 2020): 1523–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2019.2950229.

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Winzent, Shelby, Nathan Dahl, Molly Hemenway, Rachel Lovria, and Kathleen Dorris. "OTHR-16. CONCURRENT USE OF APREPITANT AND IFOSFAMIDE IN PEDIATRIC CANCER PATIENTS." Neuro-Oncology 22, Supplement_3 (December 1, 2020): iii424. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noaa222.637.

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Abstract BACKGROUND Aprepitant, a selective neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist, is commonly used for prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Its use with ifosfamide is controversial due to the putative risk of potentiating neurotoxicity via inhibition of cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4). The current literature examining this interaction is inconclusive, and little data exists in pediatrics. We seek to describe a single-institution experience with concurrent aprepitant and ifosfamide administration. METHODS A retrospective review of patients treated with ifosfamide and aprepitant from 2009–2018 was conducted. Data collected included demographics, tumor type, number of days of concurrent therapy, dosing, and documented of neurotoxicity. RESULTS Twenty patients aged 7–21 years (median 17 years) were identified. Diagnoses included thirteen sarcomas and seven CNS tumors (6 germ cell tumors; 1 intracranial sarcoma). Five patients received high dose ifosfamide (>2,000mg/m2/day). The number of concurrent ifosfamide and aprepitant doses ranged from 2–18 (median, 8.5). Only one patient (5%) developed ifosfamide-induced neurotoxicity: a 7-year-old female with a nongerminomatous germ cell tumor who presented with seizures and somnolence. She received methylene blue and returned to her neurologic baseline. She completed her ifosfamide course without incident. She was the only patient to require weight-based aprepitant dosing and to receive the liquid formulation. CONCLUSIONS Aprepitant should be used with caution when administered concurrently with ifosfamide due to the risk of neurotoxicity. However, the incidence of neurotoxicity in this retrospective pediatric cohort was low. This interaction may be more significant in younger patients due to age-related differences in hepatic metabolism, but further study is required.

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Lan, Hua, Yan Liang, Zengfu Wang, Feng Yang, and Quan Pan. "Distributed ECM Algorithm for OTHR Multipath Target Tracking With Unknown Ionospheric Heights." IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing 12, no. 1 (February 2018): 61–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jstsp.2017.2787488.

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Petrović, Pavle, Bojan Džolić, Nikola Lekić, Nemanja Grbić, Ana Ćupurdija, Vladimir Orlić, and Miljko Erić. "Testing RFoF link for transmitting HF-OTHR signal between transmitter and receiver shelters." Telfor Journal 13, no. 1 (2021): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/telfor2101013p.

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HF-OTHR site contains two equipment shelters, up to 1 km away from each other, that need to be connected for transmitting a FMCW signal. This connection, if realized using a coaxial cable, has shown itself to be vulnerable to external electromagnetic discharges, which can damage the sensitive radar equipment. This paper explores and tests the possibility of using Radio-Frequency-over-Fiber (RFoF) link as an alternative to a coaxial cable for transmission of signal, in order to ensure the immunity from external sources of electromagnetic interference (EMI).

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Dahl, Christine, Nicola Farrell, Nicola Blount, ryan Mould, Angela Simcox, Charlotte Malcolm, Anita Freeman, et al. "OTHR-33. INTRODUCTION OF A MULTIDICIPLINARY NEURO ONCOLOGY LONG TERM FOLLOW UP CLINIC." Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_1 (June 1, 2022): i154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac079.571.

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Abstract INTRODUCTION: The number of children and young people (CYP) surviving brain tumours is increasing annually with a doubling of 5-year survival over the last 40 years. More than two-thirds of these survivors suffer multiple long-term co-morbidities (“late effects”) from their tumour and/ or treatment(s) necessitating lifelong multiprofessional follow-up. This results in multiple appointments and increases the burden of care on patients. Method/Project description To establish a collaborative multidisciplinary “one stop shop” long-term follow-up clinic for CYP >5 years from the end of neuro-oncological treatment to the reduce the need for multiple hospital appointments and to provide holistic assessment and care.The first clinic began in January 2020 as a collaboration between the departments of neuro-oncology, endocrinology, neuropsychology, psychology, physiotherapy and occupational therapy. RESULTS: We have audited the last 60 patients seen in clinic in 2 years and the services they required both in and out of clinic are noted below: Endocrinology – 58 patients Educational help and formal neuropsychology (44 and 39 respectively) There are significant emotional problems in the group and 32 saw clinical psychology and 13 were referred to CAMHS. Physical function issues – 31 saw both physiotherapy and occupational therapy. 10 required referral to orthopaedics Neurology and neurosurgery (13 and 11 respectively) Visual impairment – 33 saw ophthalmology Hearing problems – 17 saw audiology Other organ dysfunction – 4 saw cardiology and 3 urology. We have some feedback data on patient and parent satisfaction with the clinic which shows 92% (13 of 14) families preferred to be seen in the MDT setting rather than by separate clinicians. DISCUSSION: Few models of similar multidisciplinary neuro-oncology long-term follow-up clinics exist in the UK with a lack of streamlined funding, despite recognition from families and professionals about their utility.

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Shah, Khalid, Yohei Kitamura, Wanlu Du, and Nobu Kanaya. "OTHR-02. Engineered “of the shelf” allogeneic cellular therapies for metastatic brain tumors." Neuro-Oncology Advances 3, Supplement_3 (August 1, 2021): iii14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdab071.057.

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Abstract Brain metastatic patients have multiple metastatic lesions or diagnostically challenging asymptomatic lesions, making surgery an inadequate therapeutic option. Given the challenges related to systemic delivery of a majority of therapeutic agents across the BBB, engineered cell based therapies offer an excellent platform to target metastatic tumors in the brain. We have established the use tumor cell surface receptor targeted allogeneic “off the shelf” gene engineered cellular therapies and developed two different approaches to treat brain metastases. In one approach, we have armed allogenic stem cells (SC) with oncolytic herpes virus (oHSV) variants and tested them in different mouse models of brain metastatic (BM) tumor derived from brain seeking metastatic melanoma tumor cells from patients. We show that intracarotid artery administration of SC-oHSV effectively tracks metastatic tumor lesions and significantly prolongs the survival of brain tumor bearing mice. We also show that a combination of SC-oHSV and PD-L1 blockade increases IFNγ-producing CD8+ tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes and results in a profound extension of the median survival in syngeneic brain metastatic melanoma mouse models. In another approach, we have explored the versatility of cell mediated bi-functional EGFR and DR4/5-targeted treatment in basal like breast cancer (BLBC) mouse models featuring different patterns of brain metastasis. Most BLBC lines demonstrated a high sensitivity to EGFR and DR4/5 bi-targeting therapeutic protein, EVDRL [anti-EGFR VHH (EV) fused to DR ligand (DRL)]. Functional analyses using inhibitors and CRISPR-Cas9 knockouts revealed that the EV domain facilitated in augmenting DR4/5-DRL binding and enhancing DRL-induced apoptosis. EVDRL releasing allogeneic SCs alleviated tumor-burden and significantly increased survival in mouse models of residual-tumor after macrometastasis resection, perivascular niche micrometastasis, and leptomeningeal metastasis. These findings provide a clinically applicable therapeutic platform to target disseminated metastatic lesions in the brain and define a new paradigm for treatment of brain metastases.

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Shan, Changguo, Weiping Hong, Mingyao Lai, Hui Wang, Lei Wen, and Linbo Cai. "OTHR-05. Diagnosis and Treatment of Solitary Pituitary Metastatic Cancer: A Case Series." Neuro-Oncology Advances 3, Supplement_3 (August 1, 2021): iii15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdab071.060.

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Abstract Objective Metastatic pituitary carcinoma accounted for only 1% of pituitary lesions. Methods Patients with isolated pituitary metastatic carcinoma admitted to our hospital from 2014 to 2018 were retrospectively collected, clinical features and prognosis were analyzed. Results A total of 5 patients (4 males and 1 female) with a median age of 48 years (21 to 66 years) were included, all with single intracranial pituitary nodules as the initial clinical presentation. The related symptoms were visual impairment (5/5 cases), hypopituitarism (5/5 cases), visual field defect (5/5 cases), headache (4/5 cases), hypothyroidism (4/5 cases), diabetes insipidus (2/5 cases). All the 5 patients received surgical resection (total or partial resection) of tumors in the sellar region via nasal sphenoidal approach. Postoperative pathology confirmed that 4 cases were metastatic adenocarcinoma and 1 case was metastatic squamous carcinoma. Further imaging examinations, such as CT or whole-body PET/CT, confirmed that the primary lesions of all the 5 patients were from the lung. Gene testing indicated that 3 of the 4 adenocarcinoma patients were EGFR mutation positive and 1 of the 4 adenocarcinoma patients was ROS1 mutation positive. Patients received radiotherapy (5/5 cases), targeted therapy (4/5 cases), or chemotherapy (1/5 cases) after surgery. Survival follow-up to May 2019 showed that 4 patients had died, with a survival of 2, August, 28, and 30 months, respectively, and 1 patient was still alive with a survival of 4 months. Conclusion The first clinical manifestation of isolated pituitary metastatic carcinoma is nervous system related symptoms, which is easily misdiagnosed. The most of the primary lesions are from lung, especially lung adenocarcinoma with positive driver gene. Surgery, radiotherapy combined with targeted therapy or chemotherapy can provide survival benefits for patients with pituitary metastatic carcinoma.

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Geng, Hang, Yan Liang, and Yuhua Cheng. "Target State and Markovian Jump Ionospheric Height Bias Estimation for OTHR Tracking Systems." IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems 50, no. 7 (July 2020): 2599–611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2018.2822819.

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