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1
McCarthy, Denis M. "Proton Pump Inhibitor Use, Hypergastrinemia, and Gastric Carcinoids—What Is the Relationship?" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 2 (January 19, 2020): 662. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21020662.
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Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) throughout the body are the focus of much current interest. Most occur in the gastrointestinal tract and have shown a major increase in incidence over the past 30 years, roughly paralleling the world-wide increase in the use of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) drugs. The greatest rise has occurred in gastric carcinoids (g-NETs) arising from enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells. These tumors are long known to occur in auto-immune chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES), with or without multiple endocrine neoplasia type-1 (MEN-1), but the incidences of these conditions do not appear to have increased over the same time period. Common to these disease states is persistent hypergastrinemia, generally accepted as causing g-NETs in CAG and ZES, and postulated as having similar tumorigenic effects in PPI users. In efforts to study the increase in their occurrence, g-NETs have been classified in a number of discussed ways into different grades that differ in their incidence and apparent pathogenesis. Based on a large amount of experimental data, tumorigenesis is mediated by gastrin’s effects on the CCK2R-receptor on ECL-cells that in turn leads to hyperplasia, dysplasia, and finally neoplasia. However, in all three conditions, the extent of response of ECL-cells to gastrin is modified by a number of genetic influences and other underlying risk factors, and by the duration of exposure to the hormonal influence. Data relating to trophic effects of hypergastrinemia due to PPI use in humans are reviewed and, in an attached Appendix A, all 11 reports of g-NETs that occurred in long-term PPI users in the absence of CAG or ZES are summarized. Mention of additional suspected cases reported elsewhere are also listed. Furthermore, the risk in humans may be affected by the presence of underlying conditions or genetic factors, including their PPI-metabolizer phenotype, with slow metabolizers likely at increased risk. Other problems in estimating the true incidence of g-NETs are discussed, relating to non-reporting of small tumors and failure of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER) and other databases, to capture small tumors or those not accorded a T1 rating. Overall, it appears likely that the true incidence of g-NETs may be seriously underestimated: the possibility that hypergastrinemia also affects tumorigenesis in additional gastrointestinal sites or in tumors in other organ systems is briefly examined. Overall, the risk of developing a g-NET appears greatest in patients who are more than 10 years on drug and on higher doses: those affected by chronic H. pylori gastritis and/or consequent gastric atrophy may also be at increased risk. While the overall risk of g-NETs induced by PPI therapy is undoubtedly low, it is real: this necessitates caution in using PPI therapy for long periods of time, particularly when initiated in young subjects.
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Kopacz, Marek S., Cathleen P. Kane, Brady Stephens, and Wilfred R. Pigeon. "Use ofICD-9-CMDiagnosis Code V62.89 (Other Psychological or Physical Stress, Not Elsewhere Classified) Following a Suicide Attempt." Psychiatric Services 67, no. 7 (July 2016): 807–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.201500302.
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WALTON, JOHN K., and DAVID TIDSWELL. "‘Classified at random by veritable illiterates’: the taking of the Spanish census of 1920 in Guipúzcoa province." Continuity and Change 20, no. 2 (August 2005): 287–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0268416005005503.
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This article offers an approach through administrative and cultural history to the problems associated with gathering and processing data for the Spanish national census of 1920, and by implication for earlier Spanish censuses. It focuses on the Basque province of Guipúzcoa, making use of correspondence between the central statistical office in Madrid, the provincial jefe de estadística and the localities, and of reports on three problematic towns within the province. The issues that emerge regarding ‘undercounting’, the definition of administrative boundaries and the classification of demographic characteristics are set in the wider context of census-taking practices and problems elsewhere in Spain and in other cultures.
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Currie, C. R. J. "TENANTS’ COPIES OF COURT ROLLS IN ENGLAND AND WALES BEFORE 1400." Archives: The Journal of the British Records Association 56, no. 1 (April 1, 2021): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/archives.2021.1.
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While much has been written about the early development of copyhold, and the presumed origins in the fourteenth century of the practice of making copies of court roll entries for tenants, original copies have not been systematically sought or investigated. This article uses research in 38 repositories to analyse 176 copies of seigneurial court rolls, of which full transcripts are published online elsewhere. It indicates their diverse physical and formal characteristics, the types of court that produced them, their distribution, their chronology and the tenurial aspects of the content. The distribution was far wider at an earlier date than previously believed; by 1400 it included at least three-quarters of English counties, with a more restricted distribution in Wales. Copies before 1400 were made for freeholders as well as customary tenants, but apparently seldom on the death of a tenant. They are found among other deeds in both family and institutional archives.
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Ericson, U., E. Wirfält, I. Mattisson, B. Gullberg, and K. Skog. "Dietary intake of heterocyclic amines in relation to socio-economic, lifestyle and other dietary factors: estimates in a Swedish population." Public Health Nutrition 10, no. 6 (June 2007): 616–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980007352518.
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AbstractObjectivesTo estimate the dietary intakes of heterocyclic amines (HCAs), to examine the intakes in relation to socio-economics, lifestyle and other dietary factors and to compare the classification of subjects by intake of HCA versus intake of meat and fish.DesignCross-sectional analysis within the Malmö Diet and Cancer (MDC) cohort. Data were obtained from a modified diet history, a structured questionnaire on socio-economics and lifestyle, anthropometric measurements and chemical analysis of HCAs. HCA intake was cross-classified against meat and fish intake. The likelihood of being a high consumer of HCAs was estimated by logistic regression analysis. Dietary intakes were examined across quintiles of HCA intake using analysis of variance.SettingBaseline examinations conducted in 1991–1994 in Malmö, Sweden.SubjectsA sub-sample of 8599 women and 6575 men of the MDC cohort.ResultsThe mean daily HCA intake was 583 ng for women and 821 ng for men. Subjects were ranked differently with respect to HCA intake compared with intake of fried and baked meat and fish (κ = 0.13). High HCA intake was significantly associated with lower age, overweight, sedentary lifestyle and smoking. Intakes of dietary fibre, fruits and fermented milk products were negatively associated with HCA intake, while intakes of selenium, vegetables, potatoes, alcohol (among men) and non-milk-based margarines (among women) were positively associated with HCA intake.ConclusionsThe estimated daily HCA intake of 690 ng is similar to values obtained elsewhere. The present study suggests that lifestyle factors (e.g. smoking, physical activity, fruit and vegetable intakes, and types of milk products and margarines) may confound associations between HCA intake and disease. The poor correlation between HCA intake and intakes of fried meat and fish facilitates an isolation of the health effects of HCAs.
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Bannister, Frank, and Dan Remenyi. "Acts of Faith: Instinct, Value and it Investment Decisions." Journal of Information Technology 15, no. 3 (September 2000): 231–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026839620001500305.
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Although well over 1000 journal articles, conference papers, books, technical notes and theses have been written on the subject of information technology (IT) evaluation, only a relatively small subset of this literature has been concerned with the core issues of what precisely is meant by the term ‘value’ and with the process of making (specifically) IT investment decisions. All too often, the problem and highly complex issue of value is either simplified, ignored or assumed away. Instead the focus of much of the research to date has been on evaluation methodologies and, within this literature, there are different strands of thought which can be classified as partisan, composite and meta approaches to evaluation. Research shows that a small number of partisan techniques are used by most decision makers with a minority using a single technique and a majority using a mixture of such techniques of whom a substantial minority use a formal composite approach. It is argued that, in mapping the set of evaluation methodologies on to what is termed the investment opportunity space, that there is a limit to what can be achieved by formal rational evaluation methods. This limit becomes evident when decision makers fall back on ‘gut feel’ and other non-formal/rigorous ways of making decisions. It is suggested that an understanding of these more complex processes and decision making, in IT as elsewhere, needs tools drawn from philosophy and psychology.
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Fotoglou, Anestis, Ioanna Moraiti, Apostolis Diamantis, Vasilis Stergios, Zoe Gavriilidou, and Athanasios Drigas. "Nutritious Diet, Physical Activity and Mobiles. The Game Changers of ADHD." Technium BioChemMed 3, no. 2 (July 15, 2022): 87–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/biochemmed.v3i2.6916.
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Proper nutrition and physical activity over time are alternative interventions for children with ADHD and are recognized in many European countries. Can be applied as an educational and therapeutic practice both in a school environment and in a therapeutic context adjunct to other forms of therapy. THE planning of these interventions aims, on the one hand, to promote its health by reducing the symptoms of ADHD (hyperactivity, behavioral problems) and on the other hand in the development of social and emotional skills such as socializing, playing, and h self-esteem. The purpose of this paper is to record research data on the implementation of diet and exercise programs in the world through a review of the literature. Specifically, many foods have been studied to help children with ADHD, some others are classified as toxic agents and various approaches to physical activity. The results showed that they do exist dietary interventions and physical activity programs that are applied in many countries with positive results in all aspects of the behavior of children with ADHD. The most common foods that help are those high in omega-3 and zinc and those that pose a risk are those that contain sugar and artificial substances. On the other hand, it was checked that they offer positively to children with ADHD approaches such as aerobic exercise and psychomotor activities. Regarding the participants in the interventions, the samples were students with neurodevelopmental disorders studied. The frequency of its application consumption of the labeled foods must be consumed consistently and daily after examinations such as o control ferritin. An aerobic program with a frequency of twice a week and psychomotor intervention once or twice a week is very helpful. In addition, gadgets are listed in this review for the proper organization and regulation of children to cover the difficulties they have, which is very important.
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Berti, M., A. Corsini, S. Franceschini, and J. P. Iannacone. "Automated classification of Persistent Scatterers Interferometry time series." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 13, no. 8 (August 6, 2013): 1945–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-13-1945-2013.
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Abstract. We present a new method for the automatic classification of Persistent Scatters Interferometry (PSI) time series based on a conditional sequence of statistical tests. Time series are classified into distinctive predefined target trends, such as uncorrelated, linear, quadratic, bilinear and discontinuous, that describe different styles of ground deformation. Our automatic analysis overcomes limits related to the visual classification of PSI time series, which cannot be carried out systematically for large datasets. The method has been tested with reference to landslides using PSI datasets covering the northern Apennines of Italy. The clear distinction between the relative frequency of uncorrelated, linear and non-linear time series with respect to mean velocity distribution suggests that different target trends are related to different physical processes that are likely to control slope movements. The spatial distribution of classified time series is also consistent with respect the known distribution of flat areas, slopes and landslides in the tests area. Classified time series enhances the radar interpretation of slope movements at the site scale, pointing out significant advantages in comparison with the conventional analysis based solely on the mean velocity. The test application also warns against potentially misleading classification outputs in case of datasets affected by systematic errors. Although the method was developed and tested to investigate landslides, it should be also useful for the analysis of other ground deformation processes such as subsidence, swelling/shrinkage of soils, or uplifts due to deep injections in reservoirs.
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Engel, Charles C., Kenneth C. Hyams, and Ken Scott. "Managing future Gulf War Syndromes: international lessons and new models of care." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 361, no. 1468 (March 24, 2006): 707–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2006.1829.
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After the 1991 Gulf War, veterans of the conflict from the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and other nations described chronic idiopathic symptoms that became popularly known as ‘Gulf War Syndrome’. Nearly 15 years later, some 250 million dollars in United States medical research has failed to confirm a novel war-related syndrome and controversy over the existence and causes of idiopathic physical symptoms has persisted. Wartime exposures implicated as possible causes of subsequent symptoms include oil well fire smoke, infectious diseases, vaccines, chemical and biological warfare agents, depleted uranium munitions and post-traumatic stress disorder. Recent historical analyses have identified controversial idiopathic symptom syndromes associated with nearly every modern war, suggesting that war typically sets into motion interrelated physical, emotional and fiscal consequences for veterans and for society. We anticipate future controversial war syndromes and maintain that a population-based approach to care can mitigate their impact. This paper delineates essential features of the model, describes its public health and scientific underpinnings and details how several countries are trying to implement it. With troops returning from combat in Afghanistan, Iraq and elsewhere, the model is already getting put to the test.
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Rodríguez-García, Dan. "The Persistence of Racial Constructs in Spain: Bringing Race and Colorblindness into the Debate on Interculturalism." Social Sciences 11, no. 1 (January 2, 2022): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci11010013.
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In this article, I argue that persisting racial constructs in Spain affect conceptions of national belonging and continue to shape and permeate contemporary discriminations. I begin by describing several recent political events that demonstrate the urgent need for a discussion about “race” and racialization in the country. Second, some conceptual foundations are provided concerning constructs of race and the corollary processes of racism and racialization. Third, I present data from various public surveys and also from ethnographic research conducted in Spain on mixedness and multiraciality to demonstrate that social constructs of race remain a significant boundary driving stigmatization and discrimination in Spain, where skin color and other perceived physical traits continue to be important markers for social interaction, perceived social belonging, and differential social treatment. Finally, I bring race into the debate on managing diversity, arguing that a post-racial approach—that is, race-neutral discourse and the adoption of colorblind public policies, both of which are characteristic of the interculturalist perspectives currently preferred by Spain as well as elsewhere in Europe—fails to confront the enduring effects of colonialism and the ongoing realities of structural racism. I conclude by emphasizing the importance of bringing race into national and regional policy discussions on how best to approach issues of diversity, equality, anti-discrimination, and social cohesion.
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Cripps, Ashley J., Harry G. Banyard, Carl T. Woods, Christopher Joyce, and Luke S. Hopper. "Does the longitudinal development of physical and anthropometric characteristics associate with professional career attainment in adolescent Australian footballers?" International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching 15, no. 4 (May 25, 2020): 506–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747954120927117.
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This study sought to longitudinally and retrospectively determine the relationship between professional career attainment and the development of anthropometric and physical qualities in junior Australian footballers. Eighty adolescent male Australian footballers from a single state academy previously selected onto an under 16 s talent development squad were classified by career attainment (professional team selection; n = 17 and non-selected; n = 63). Physical and anthropometric tests were conducted at the end of preseason during participation in under 16 and under 18 competitions. Tests included standing height, mass, stationary countermovement jumps, dynamic vertical jumps, 20-m sprints, agility and 20 m multistage fitness test. Both groups significantly improved all performance measures between the under 16 and under 18 levels. Athletes selected onto a professional team possessed significantly quicker 20-m sprint outcomes than non-selected athletes at both under 16 and under 18 levels, highlighting the importance of this physical capacity within talent development programmes. Binary logistic regression was unable to predict an effect of any measures on career attainment. An inability of the binary logistic regression to identify qualities predictive of long-term career success likely highlights limitations associated with utilising unidimensional models of assessment in talent identification practices. As such, development coaches and sport scientists should be aware that while physical capacities play a role in career attainment outcomes, other factors, such as tactical understanding and technical skill are also likely to be impactful.
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Xu, Feng, Zhaofu Li, Shuyu Zhang, Naitao Huang, Zongyao Quan, Wenmin Zhang, Xiaojun Liu, Xiaosan Jiang, Jianjun Pan, and Alexander V. Prishchepov. "Mapping Winter Wheat with Combinations of Temporally Aggregated Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 Data in Shandong Province, China." Remote Sensing 12, no. 12 (June 26, 2020): 2065. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12122065.
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Winter wheat is one of the major cereal crops in China. The spatial distribution of winter wheat planting areas is closely related to food security; however, mapping winter wheat with time-series finer spatial resolution satellite images across large areas is challenging. This paper explores the potential of combining temporally aggregated Landsat-8 OLI and Sentinel-2 MSI data available via the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform for mapping winter wheat in Shandong Province, China. First, six phenological median composites of Landsat-8 OLI and Sentinel-2 MSI reflectance measures were generated by a temporal aggregation technique according to the winter wheat phenological calendar, which covered seedling, tillering, over-wintering, reviving, jointing-heading and maturing phases, respectively. Then, Random Forest (RF) classifier was used to classify multi-temporal composites but also mono-temporal winter wheat development phases and mono-sensor data. The results showed that winter wheat could be classified with an overall accuracy of 93.4% and F1 measure (the harmonic mean of producer’s and user’s accuracy) of 0.97 with temporally aggregated Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 data were combined. As our results also revealed, it was always good to classify multi-temporal images compared to mono-temporal imagery (the overall accuracy dropped from 93.4% to as low as 76.4%). It was also good to classify Landsat-8 OLI and Sentinel-2 MSI imagery combined instead of classifying them individually. The analysis showed among the mono-temporal winter wheat development phases that the maturing phase’s and reviving phase’s data were more important than the data for other mono-temporal winter wheat development phases. In sum, this study confirmed the importance of using temporally aggregated Landsat-8 OLI and Sentinel-2 MSI data combined and identified key winter wheat development phases for accurate winter wheat classification. These results can be useful to benefit on freely available optical satellite data (Landsat-8 OLI and Sentinel-2 MSI) and prioritize key winter wheat development phases for accurate mapping winter wheat planting areas across China and elsewhere.
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Lee, Se-Joong, In-Sung Yeo, and Byoung-Wook Ahn. "A Study of Social Integration through Sports Program among Migrant Women in Korea." Societies 11, no. 4 (September 23, 2021): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/soc11040116.
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This study aimed to examine sports programs at multicultural family support centers located throughout the country and present the possibility of social integration through the sports programs. The multicultural sports program showed that it affected the ability of migrant women in international marriages to socially integrate with other women like themselves, their husbands, and the natives, and also affected themselves. In order to clarify the purpose of the research, in-depth interviews were carried out. The collected material was transcribed, encoded, and classified. The results were analyzed from the perspective of sports’ physical, psychological, and social functions. This social integration was shown to be more effective than any other program at the multicultural family support center. Regarding their relationship with their husbands, the program provided opportunities for deepening their mutual understanding. The sports program was also utilized as a place of leisure for the women as well, and it was discovered that sports activities were being used as a means of resolving stress. The migrant women’s life radius and interpersonal relations were small due to their limited linguistic abilities. They provided opportunities to form confidence in their Korean life.
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Venyo, Anthony Kodzo-Grey. "Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma of the Prostate Gland: A Review and Update." Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics 5, no. 3 (July 26, 2021): 01–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2640-1053/082.
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Signet-ring cell carcinoma of the prostate gland (SRCCP) an uncommon and aggressive malignant tumour of the prostate gland which is characterized by histopathology examination features of compression of the nucleus into the form of a crescent by a large cytoplasmic vacuole. SRCCPs that have so far been reported have been either (a) primary tumours, metastatic tumours with the primary tumour elsewhere with the gastro-intestinal tract being the site of the primary tumour but the primary tumour could originate elsewhere, and additionally some reported SRCCPs have been classified as carcinoma of unknown primary. SRCCP could be a pure tumour or a tumour that is contemporaneously associated with other types of tumour including various variants of adenocarcinoma. SRCCP can manifest in various ways including: Incidental finding following prostatectomy that has been undertaken for a presumed benign prostatic hyperplasia, lower urinary tract symptoms, visible and non-visible haematuria, raised levels of serum PSA but some SRCCPs have been diagnosed with normal / low levels of serum PSA, there may be a history of dyspepsia in cases of metastatic signet-ring cell carcinoma in association with contemporaneous primary signet-ring cell carcinoma of the stomach or there may be a past history of surgical treatment for signet-ring cell carcinoma of the gastrointestinal tract, or bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract in cases of upper gastrointestinal tract and rectal bleeding as well as change in bowel habit for primary tumours of the anorectal region, retention of urine, and rarely a rectal mass in the case of SRCCP with an anorectal primary tumour. In order to exclude a primary signet ring cell carcinoma elsewhere, a detailed past medical history is required as well as radiology imaging including contrast – enhanced computed tomography (CECT) scan and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CEMRI) scan as well as upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and colonoscopy to exclude a primary lesion within the gastrointestinal tract. Diagnosis of SRCCP requires utilization of the histopathology and immunohistochemistry examination features of prostate biopsy, prostatic chips obtained from trans-urethral resection of prostate specimen or radical prostatectomy specimen. SRCCPs upon immunohistochemistry staining studies tend to show tumour that tend to exhibit positive staining for the following tumour markers as follows: PSA – positive staining for PSA has been variable in some studies, AE1/AE3, CAM 5.2, Ki-67 with a mean of 8%, PAS-diastase, Mucicarmine (50%), Alcian blue (60%), Alpha-methyl-acyl coenzyme A racemase (P504S), and Cytokeratin 5/6. SRCCPs also tend to exhibit negative staining for: Bcl2 (rare positive), and CEA (80%). Traditionally the treatment of Primary Signet-Ring Cell Carcinoma of the Prostate Gland has tended to be similar to the treatment of the traditional adenocarcinoma of the prostate gland which does include: hormonal treatment, radiotherapy, and surgery. Nevertheless, considering that primary SRCCPs and metastatic SRCCPs that have been reported in the literature have generally tended to be associated with an aggressive biological behaviour, even though there is no consensus opinion on the treatment of the disease it would be strongly recommended that these tumours that tend to be associated with rapid progress of the disease and poor survival there is an urgent need to treat all these tumours with aggressive surgery including radical prostatectomy plus adjuvant therapies including: radical radiotherapy, combination chemotherapy, selective prostatic angiography and super-selective embolization of the artery feeding the tumour including intra-arterial infusion of chemotherapy agents directly to the tumour, radiofrequency ablation of the tumour as well as irreversible electroporation of the tumour which should form part of a global multicentre study of various treatment options. With regard to metastatic signet-ring cell carcinomas of the prostate gland with a contemporaneous primary tumour elsewhere the primary tumour should also be treated by radical and complete excision of the primary tumour plus radical surgery and aggressive adjuvant therapy. Considering that SRCCPs have tendered not to respond well to available chemotherapy agents, there is need for urologists, oncologists, and pharmacotherapy research workers to identify new chemotherapy medicaments that would more effectively and safely destroy signet-ring cell tumours in order to improve upon the prognosis.
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DE SOUZA, MARTA LUZIA, and LÁZARO VALENTIN ZUQUETTE. "A influência da ação antrópica na classificação dos materiais inconsolidados da cidade de Ouro Preto - MG." Pesquisas em Geociências 28, no. 2 (December 31, 2001): 325. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1807-9806.20306.
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Many authors consider anthropogenic activity one of the most active modifying agents on the physical environment. Its intrinsic relationship with other environmental factors such as water, unconsolidated materials, rocky substrata, ground relief and others should be more intensely studied. In the current research the procedures and results in the classification of unconsolidated materials in the Brazilian town of Ouro Preto are provided. Materials were analyzed according to their genesis and evolution, relative thickness, position in relief and lateral distribution. Field and lab assays were undertaken in specific sites of samples. The latter were determined by geomorphologic criteria so that homogeneous units throughout the area could be obtained. With regard to their genesis and evolution the unconsolidated materials were first classified into residual (saprolite and developed) and reworked material (colluvial, talus and alluvial). However, a new class was required and has since been included in the analysis. It comprised materials associated with anthropogenic (technogenic) activities hailing from mining refuse, non-compacted earthwork and debris deposits. due to their texture and structure these materials could not fit in the residual and re-worked classification. Features produced by anthropogenic activities were classified according to their density (number of features) in sand extension (m2) and significant quantify of these forms. A new type of class of materials was thus required. Eighteen units, divided into basic and composed, were selected. Criterion of separation was due to isolated and sets of occurrences of materials related to differences in origin and type of human activity. Results showed the importance anthropogenic activities have on physical environment. In the future the anthropogenic or technogenic factor should be taken into account in all analyses.
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Bouma, J., P. Droogers, M. P. W. Sonneveld, C. J. Ritsema, J. E. Hunink, W. W. Immerzeel, and S. Kauffman. "Hydropedological insights when considering catchment classification." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 8, no. 1 (February 28, 2011): 2145–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-8-2145-2011.
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Abstract. Soil classification systems are analysed in relation to the functioning and characterisation of catchments. Soil classifications are useful to create systematic order in the overwhelming quantity of different soils in the world and to extrapolate data available for a given soil type to soils elsewhere with identical classifications. However, such classifications are based on permanent characteristics as formed by the soil forming factors over often very long periods of time and this does not necessarily match with characteristics and parameters needed for functional soil characterization focusing, for example, on catchment hydrology. Hydropedology has made contributions towards functional characterization of soils as is illustrated for recent hydrological catchment studies. However, much still needs to be learned about the physical behaviour of anisotropic, heterogeneous field soils with varying soil structures during the year and the suggestion is made to first focus on improving simulation of catchment hydrology, incorporating hydropedological expertise, before embarking on a classification effort which involves major input of time and involves the risk of distraction. In doing so, we advise to also define other characteristics for catchment performance than the traditionally measured discharge rates.
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Semin, M. A. "SIMPLIFICATION POSSIBILITIES FOR COUPLED THM MODELS OF ARTIFICIAL GROUND FREEZING IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF MINE SHAFTS." News of the Tula state university. Sciences of Earth 4, no. 1 (2021): 453–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.46689/2218-5194-2021-4-1-453-463.
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An important stage in the design of the artificial ground freezing during the construc-tion of mine shafts (and other underground structures) is the simulation of deformation and heat transfer in the media to be frozen. This is necessary to calculate the required thicknesses of frozen wall, the time of its formation and the parameters of freezing stations. The choice of an adequate mathematical model is impossible without analyzing the significance and coupling of various physical processes occurring during the freezing of soil. Such an analysis allows se-lecting a reasonable degree of detailing of physical processes in the model: take into account all important factors and neglect the rest. This article proposes a methodology for analyzing the significance and coupling of such physical processes. For this, a general thermo-hydro-mechanical model of soil freezing has been formulated, a set of dimensionless complexes has been identified and classified, which determine the relationship between various physical pro-cesses. The transition from the general thermo-hydro-mechanical model to simpler models is possible only if the corresponding dimensionless complexes are small.
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Matthews, Graham, and Graham Walton. "Strategic development of university library space." New Library World 115, no. 5/6 (May 6, 2014): 237–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/nlw-05-2014-0062.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore issues, approaches and challenges in providing strategic direction to university libraries on developing their physical space in what is increasingly a digital age. A key aspect of the work is to explore how university libraries and their senior staff can widen libraries’ role to inform the strategic direction of formal and informal learning spaces across the institution. Design/methodology/approach – Research and perspectives from across the world provide the context for the study. A single site case study based at Loughborough University in the UK is explored to demonstrate how strategy for university library space is developed. The case study also provides an example of how a university library has extended its influence on other informal learning spaces. Findings – University library physical space has an important role in learning, teaching and research, despite the increase in digital information provision. For effective strategy, information and evidence needs to be collected from a wide range of sources. The experience and skills that university libraries have developed in managing learning spaces can be transferred to learning spaces elsewhere in the university. Research limitations/implications – This is a single site case study. Practical implications – The case study provides approaches and ideas that can be applied by university libraries in the strategic development of learning spaces. Originality/value – The paper provides an innovative and informed insight into how university libraries can influence learning and teaching spaces across university campus/site. Further research would be valuable to identify practice more widely. Surveying, from a library perspective, university and university estate, management strategies for content relating to libraries and formal and informal spaces across the institution and what is going on/being planned in this area would further progress the debate.
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Ghofar, Abdul. "ANTISIPASI POTENSI KONFLIK SOSIAL ANTAR PELAJAR." Al-Misbah (Jurnal Islamic Studies) 2, no. 2 (December 20, 2014): 133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.26555/almisbah.v2i2.99.
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Conflict is motivated by differences in the characteristics of individuals brought in an interaction. These differences are related to the physical characteristics including, intelligence, knowledge, customs, beliefs, and so forth. With individual characteristics in social interaction, conflict is a normal situation in each community. None of the people who have never experienced any conflicts between members or with other community groups, the conflict will only disappear with the loss of the community itself. Results of a conflict are: 1) Increase the solidarity among members of the group (in-group) which is in conflict with the group elsewhere.2) Rift between the warring factions. 3) Personality changes in individuals, 4) Property damage and loss of human lives. 5) The dominance of conquest even one of the parties involved in the conflict.   Attempts to defuse conflicts in achieving stability is called “accommodationâ€.The parties in conflict with each other adjust to the situation by working together. Forms of accommodation are: 1) truce, 2) Abitration, 3) Mediation, 4) Conciliation, 5). Stalemate, and 6) Adjudication. Young people or students have great potential in solving the nation’s problems, particularly issues related to the anticipation of social conflict, although there is no doubt that the problem of the young generation too much. The important thing is to be able to change his awareness of the construction of the object becomes the subject of development and able to anticipate these issues.
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N. Usmana, Makhai, Jude S. Karma, Angyu M. Dantani, and Victor D. Joro. "CHARACTERIZATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF SOILS ALONG RIVER DONGA, DONGA, TARABA STATE, NIGERIA." International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Bioresearch 07, no. 04 (2022): 235–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.35410/ijaeb.2022.5758.
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This study was carried out to ascertain the characterization and classification of soils along river Donga in Donga local government area of Taraba State. Three profile pits were dug on the flat terrain for the physio-chemical properties of the soils. The pits were described and samples were collected for routine laboratory analysis for the selected physio-chemicals properties. Data collected were analyzed statistically using analysis of variance (ANOVA) The result of the laboratory analysis of the physical and chemical properties indicated that particle size distribution of sand particle dominated other fraction of fine earth materials. This can be attributed to the parent materials that gave rise to the soils.The pH (H2O) was slightly acidic in reaction in all the pedons studied (6.44, 5.82 and 5.67). The organic carbon content ranges from very low to low compared to the maximum level (5%) for tropical soils. Available phosphorus obtained exceeded the critical limits of 8.0 to >18mg/kg, which indicates that the available phosphorus were high. The exchangeable bases (Ca, Mg, K & Na) as indicated in the table 3 that Ca, Mg, K & Na were low in all the pedons studied. The results obtained from analyzed profile samples showed that percentage (%) base saturation values for all the pedons were high. The Correlation was done to determine non-significant and significant values among soil physio-chemical properties studied at 5% and 1% probability level. In addition, after the profile description and examination of the soil properties of the study area, the soils were classified using USDA soil taxonomy (2014). Pedons 1 and 2 are classified into the order of Alfisols and sub-group of Typical Haplustalf while pedon 3 is also classified into Alfisols but sub-group of Arenickandiustals (Hypereuticlixisels).
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Adebayo, Kehinde Ibrahim, Victor Etim Nyong, and Oluwaseye Peter Amah. "Physicochemical properties of groundwater in parts of Irun Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria." Global Journal of Geological Sciences 19, no. 1 (July 14, 2021): 85–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/gjgs.v19i1.7.
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Ten groundwater samples from hand dug wells were collected at Irun Akoko within the basement complex of part of southwestern Nigeria. The aim of the study was to determine the groundwater suitability for both drinking and irrigation purposes. The groundwater samples were analysed for some physical and chemical constituents including pH, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), turbidity, Na, Ca, Mg, K, Cl, SO4, PO4 and NO3. The pH (7.0 – 7.9) and TDS (12.26 – 19.35 mg/l) of the groundwater indicate that the water is neutral to slightly alkaline and fresh respectively. The order of relative abundance for concentration of cations in the groundwater is K>Ca>Na>Mg, while that of anions is Cl>SO4>NO3>PO4. The concentrations of potassium in about 90% and chloride in about 40 % of the samples were above the World Health Organization (WHO) standard for drinking water. Other hydro-geochemical parameters Ca, Mg, Na, SO4, PO4 and NO3 falls within the WHO standards. Values of Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR) classified the water as excellent for irrigation purposes. The Soluble Sodium Percentage (SSP) values classified eighty percent of the water to be of good quality and the remaining samples as fair for irrigation purposes. However, using the Magnesium Adsorption Ratio (55.0 – 68.9 %) the samples may have hazardous effects on the soil. Generally, groundwater in the study area is suitable for both domestic and irrigation uses.
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Chávez-Villavicencio, César, Elier Tabilo-Valdivieso, and Sergio Acuña-Videla. "Habitat and abundance of <i>Aegla papudo</i> (Decapoda: Anomura: Aeglidae) at two new record sites." Caldasia 44, no. 3 (October 10, 2022): 594–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/caldasia.v44n3.94138.
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Aegla papudo is a freshwater crab endemic to Chile. Although known to inhabit turbid watercourses with gravel, sand, filamentous algae, leaf litter, and no tree cover; however, is scarce the information on the proportions of these components, physical-chemical aspects of the water, population abundance, and reproductive season. Its presence in the Cordillera El Melon led us to describe the habitat. Between 2018 and 2019, the species was searched for in seven streams. Its habitat was described, the density calculated, the water’s physical-chemical parameters recorded. The variable that explained the abundance was analyzed with a model of Poisson. The species was recorded in the Los Coiles and El Gallo streams (62 and 24 individuals respectively) with a mean density of 1 individual/m2. The abundance was explained by the volume of the mud with gravel and pebble. This investigation is the first to determinethe abundance of adults and juveniles, as well as the variable that explained it. Environments with transparent water and tree cover are new aspects of the habitat. Fecal coliforms varied remarkably. Juvenile individuals present in August suggest that reproduction takes place between summer and fall. The International Union for Conservation of Nature does not register the species; however, we agree with other researchers who propose that the species be classified as Endangered due to known threats.
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Bankovskaya, Svetlana, Javad Maddahi, and Tahere Lotfi Khachaki. "From Isolation to Violence: Changes of the Domestic Environment in the Iranian Family under COVID-19." Sotsiologicheskoe Obozrenie / Russian Sociological Review 20, no. 4 (2021): 86–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/1728-192x-2021-4-86-110.
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Domestic violence became a worldwide social problem during the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, especially during the period of lockdown. It has been also experienced in some Iranian families examined in our research. The article presents the data obtained by semi-structured interviews and draws some (so-far tentative) conclusions about the nature of the changes in the regime of relations of the traditional Iranian family, including the intensification of domestic violence, and the prevailing mental/emotional violence. Among the variety of nuances in the types of violence, some of them are already well classified, such as symbolic, physical, and economic. Other manifestations of domestic violence are humiliation and verbal violence, the intensification of restrictions on (or even the interrupting of) a woman’s relationship with her friends and acquaintances by her husband; the husband’s violence against their children; dis-putes over the observance of health tips during the quarantine period, and the intensification of religious conflicts during the period of home quarantine need further study and interpretation. As theory-oriented research, it involves the study of the relationship of various types of violence, starting with the newest ones of self-violence and self-isolation, and getting through the modifications of already-known types of violence which are caused by the first type.
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Yuliani, Yuri. "Algoritma Random Forest Untuk Prediksi Kelangsungan Hidup Pasien Gagal Jantung Menggunakan Seleksi Fitur Bestfirst." Infotek : Jurnal Informatika dan Teknologi 5, no. 2 (July 31, 2022): 298–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.29408/jit.v5i2.5896.
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Heart failure is a global health problem that not only causes physical problems, other impacts such as psychological, social, and economic, as well as depression, which affects treatment, worsens functional status, and increases hospitalization rates to death. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), nearly 17.5 million people die from cardiovascular disease, which represents 31% of deaths in the world. Using machine learning to predict the survival of patients with heart failure so that they can take precautions from the start. The stages of the research carried out include the business understanding stage, the data understanding stage, the data preparation stage, the modeling stage, and the evaluation stage. In this study, using feature selection using best-first resulted in 4 very influential features, namely age, injection_fraction, serum_creatinene and time, and handling imbalance class using the class balancer model. Random forest algorithm with 80% percentage split method which produces 91.45% accuracy, mean absolute error 0.1874, incorrectly classified instances 8.55%, precision 0.915, recall 0.914, AUC 0.953.
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Williams, C. Jason, Frederick B. Pierson, Patrick R. Kormos, Osama Z. Al-Hamdan, and Justin C. Johnson. "Vegetation, ground cover, soil, rainfall simulation, and overland-flow experiments before and after tree removal in woodland-encroached sagebrush steppe: the hydrology component of the Sagebrush Steppe Treatment Evaluation Project (SageSTEP)." Earth System Science Data 12, no. 2 (June 17, 2020): 1347–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-1347-2020.
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Abstract. Rainfall simulation and overland-flow experiments enhance understanding of surface hydrology and erosion processes, quantify runoff and erosion rates, and provide valuable data for developing and testing predictive models. We present a unique dataset (1021 experimental plots) of rainfall simulation (1300 plot runs) and overland-flow (838 plot runs) experimental plot data paired with measures of vegetation, ground cover, and surface soil physical properties spanning point to hillslope scales. The experimental data were collected at three sloping sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) sites in the Great Basin, USA, each subjected to woodland encroachment and with conditions representative of intact wooded shrublands and 1–9 years following wildfire, prescribed fire, and/or tree cutting and shredding tree-removal treatments. The methodologies applied in data collection and the cross-scale experimental design uniquely provide scale-dependent, separate measures of interrill (rain splash and sheet flow processes, 0.5 m2 plots) and concentrated overland-flow runoff and erosion rates (∼9 m2 plots), along with collective rates for these same processes combined over the patch scale (13 m2 plots). The dataset provides a valuable source for developing, assessing, and calibrating/validating runoff and erosion models applicable to diverse plant community dynamics with varying vegetation, ground cover, and surface soil conditions. The experimental data advance understanding and quantification of surface hydrologic and erosion processes for the research domain and potentially for other patchy-vegetated rangeland landscapes elsewhere. Lastly, the unique nature of repeated measures spanning numerous treatments and timescales delivers a valuable dataset for examining long-term landscape vegetation, soil, hydrology, and erosion responses to various management actions, land use, and natural disturbances. The dataset is available from the US Department of Agriculture National Agricultural Library at https://data.nal.usda.gov/search/type/dataset (last access: 7 May 2020) (doi: https://doi.org/10.15482/USDA.ADC/1504518; Pierson et al., 2019).
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Coghi, Paolo Saul, Yinghuai Zhu, Hongming Xie, Narayan S. Hosmane, and Yingjun Zhang. "Organoboron Compounds: Effective Antibacterial and Antiparasitic Agents." Molecules 26, no. 11 (May 31, 2021): 3309. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26113309.
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The unique electron deficiency and coordination property of boron led to a wide range of applications in chemistry, energy research, materials science and the life sciences. The use of boron-containing compounds as pharmaceutical agents has a long history, and recent developments have produced encouraging strides. Boron agents have been used for both radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In radiotherapy, boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) has been investigated to treat various types of tumors, such as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) of brain, head and neck tumors, etc. Boron agents playing essential roles in such treatments and other well-established areas have been discussed elsewhere. Organoboron compounds used to treat various diseases besides tumor treatments through BNCT technology have also marked an important milestone. Following the clinical introduction of bortezomib as an anti-cancer agent, benzoxaborole drugs, tavaborole and crisaborole, have been approved for clinical use in the treatments of onychomycosis and atopic dermatitis. Some heterocyclic organoboron compounds represent potentially promising candidates for anti-infective drugs. This review highlights the clinical applications and perspectives of organoboron compounds with the natural boron atoms in disease treatments without neutron irradiation. The main topic focuses on the therapeutic applications of organoboron compounds in the diseases of tuberculosis and antifungal activity, malaria, neglected tropical diseases and cryptosporidiosis and toxoplasmosis.
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Zhuravleva, E. A. "CONSTRUCTING IDENTITY IN POLITICAL MEMOIRS." Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series History and Philology 32, no. 2 (April 29, 2022): 229–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9534-2022-32-2-229-236.
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This article explores the links between the processes of identity construction and attributes of political memoirs as a particular type of text embracing a set of inherent characteristics that are derived from political discourse on the one hand, and memoiristic literature on the other. The research is based on the contextual and linguistic analyses and discourse analysis of such American autobiographical memoirs as An American Life by R. Reagan, My Life by B. Clinton, Dreams from My Father and The Audacity of Hope by B. Obama. The results of the study are summarized as follows. First, we prove that it is necessary that political memoirs be classified as a subgenre of memoiristic literature in terms of literature studies or a type of text in terms of text linguistics. Second, we pinpoint that political memoiristic writing produces particular versions of identity, framed by social context and relations of a private personality. Third, the friend and foe agonistic pattern of politics is outlined as determinative of the physical author’s self-perception and identification in political memoirs.
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Alrushud, Asma, Dalyah Alamam, Muneera Almurdi, Ghaliah A. Dablan, Alanoud A. Alghamdi, Fatimah K. Almazyad, Malak A. Alhamdani, Khlood A. Alqarni, and Hosam Alzahrani. "Perspectives of the Saudi medical students toward the impact of lockdowns on their physical activity level and lifestyle during the COVID-19 pandemic." PeerJ 11 (January 20, 2023): e14725. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14725.
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Background Physical activity (PA) level is affected by various factors in university students. Due to the pandemic of COVID-19, the Saudi Ministry of Education announced the closure of schools and universities as a preventive measure. This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on PA levels and other lifestyle aspects among the Saudi medical students and to explore their perspectives toward it. Methods Three hundred ninety-six medical students have completed the survey, which consisted of three sections: (1) participant’s demographic data; (2) five statements about the PA and the lockdown; and (3) the International PA Questionnaire—Short Form (IPAQ-SF). Results About 63.9% of the participants were female, and 60.4% were of normal weight. Approximately 80% of participants were classified as inactive. Regarding the perspective of the students, 52.8% reported that they were not exercising regularly in the gym before the lockdown, and 46.9% reported that the lockdown and transition to online learning affected their compliance with exercise. During the lockdown and shift to online learning, the majority of participants experienced decreased PA levels, 42.4% experienced weight gain, and 53.6% reported a negative impact on their psychological status. Conclusion Generally, the results of this study showed that the COVID-19 had a negative influence on the PA level, as well as other lifestyle aspects (e.g., gaining weight) and psychological status of medical students. This study highlights aspects where universities and institutions delivering medical education can use resources to improve students’ well-being during pandemics.
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Siddique, Jamil, Jin Menggui, Munir H. Shah, Asfandyar Shahab, Faisal Rehman, and Umair Rasool. "Integrated Approach to Hydrogeochemical Appraisal and Quality Assessment of Groundwater from Sargodha District, Pakistan." Geofluids 2020 (December 29, 2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6621038.
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Hydrochemical characteristics and aquifer properties present a better understanding of the mitigation of groundwater pollution, which has become one of the leading environmental concerns and threats to the sustainable ecosystem. Seventy-seven groundwater samples were collected from Sargodha District (Pakistan) and characterized for their physical and chemical properties. The analytical data were processed for the evaluation of the processes that control the groundwater chemistry using various drinking and agricultural indices with statistical and hydrochemical modeling. The predominant hydrochemical type was found to be Ca-HCO3 type, followed by Na-HCO3 and Mg-Ca-Cl types. The present study showed that the main factors controlling the groundwater chemistry were the prevalent rock dominance alongside the weathering of silicates, solubilization of carbonates, and cation exchange processes. Entropy water quality index (EWQI) revealed that 6.51% represented “poor water,” while 7.79% were considered “extremely poor” for drinking purposes. However, USSL classification, Wilcox diagram, and other agricultural indices (RCS, SAR, %Na, MH, PI, and PS) showed that the majority of the samples were classified as suitable for irrigation purpose. However, 16% of the samples for %Na and 24% of the samples for MH were not suitable for agricultural purposes. Overall, the groundwater quality was affected by the anthropogenic stress in the study area.
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Jenitha, T., S. Santhi, and J. Monisha Privthy Jeba. "Prediction of Students’ Performance based on Academic, Behaviour, Extra and Co-Curricular Activities." Webology 18, Special Issue 01 (April 29, 2021): 262–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.14704/web/v18si01/web18058.
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Since Academic institutions contain huge volume of data regarding students such as academic scores, scores in co and extracurricular activities, family annual income, family background and other supporting documents, predicting individual students performance in all aspects manually is a difficult task. The proposed work uses data mining techniques to identify students who are eligible for scholarships and other benefits. Students are classified into different categories by means of academic, behavior, extra and co-curricular activities. Machine Learning algorithms such as Naive Bayes, Decision Tree Classifier and Support Vector Machine are used for predicting the performance of the student. With the help of this proposed model parents and instructors can monitor student’s performance and they can also provide essential technical and moral support. Also this helps in providing academic scholarship and training to the students to support them financially and to enrich their knowledge. It suggests the Academic Institutions to organize induction or training programmes at the beginning of the semester. Technical training, motivational talks, Yoga, etc are organized by the institutions by keeping in mind of students physical and mental health. Considering the e-learning platforms huge volumes of data and plethora of information are generated. In this work, various learning models are constructed and their accuracies are compared to analyse which algorithm out-performs.
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Ratke, Rafael Felippe, Alcinei Ribeiro Campos, Alberto Vasconcellos Inda, Ronny Sobreira Barbosa, Yuri Jacques Agra Bezerra da Silva, Júlio César Azevedo Nóbrega, and João Batista Lopes da Silva. "Agricultural potential and soil use based on the pedogenetic properties of soils from the cerrado-caatinga transition." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 41, no. 4 (May 13, 2020): 1119. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n4p1119.
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The sustainable use of soil requires a broad knowledge of its genesis, morphology, properties, and distribution in the landscape. Thus, the objective of this study was to characterize the pedogenetic attributes of representative soils from the cerrado-caatinga transition of the Gurguéia river basin to indicate their agricultural potential and limitations for the implementation of agroforestry systems. National and international soil classification systems were used to define the soil classes. The limiting factors and agricultural potential were characterized following the evaluation system of the agricultural potential of Brazilian land. In general, profiles 1, 3, 5, and 6 had a low nutrient budget and a sandy to loam texture. Profiles 2, 4, and 7 showed high clay content and nutrient budget. The soil profiles were classified as Ustic Quartzipsamments, Udic Haplusterts, Xanthic Haplustox, Arenic Kanhaplustults, Typic Haplustox, and Aridic Dystrustept based on their pedogenetic characteristics. Udic Haplusterts and Arenic Kanhaplustults soils display restrictions regarding the planting of forests owing to oxygen and soil depth limitations. The other soil classes had adequate physical properties for the implementation of agricultural systems and pastures, including good drainage and medium texture; however, they had low natural fertility, and thus require technologies for soil acidity correction and fertilization. Ustic Quartzipsamments and Ustic soils require the implementation of conservation systems, such as agroforestry, to avoid degradation.
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MacDonald, Michael A., and D. Barrie Clarke. "Occurrence, origin, and significance of melagranites in the South Mountain Batholith, Nova Scotia." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 54, no. 7 (July 2017): 693–713. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2016-0106.
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Melagranites (colour index > 20, with biotite > garnet > cordierite) constitute ∼0.1% of the area of the 7300 km2 peraluminous South Mountain Batholith (SMB), Nova Scotia. The melagranites occur as small bodies showing sharp to gradational contacts against the Meguma Supergroup country rocks, and coeval mingling contacts against other facies of the batholith. They also occur as elliptical or blocky metre-scale enclaves elsewhere in the SMB. Characteristic petrological features of the melagranites include high modal abundances of sulphide minerals, strongly reacted metasedimentary xenoliths, mafic mineral-rich clots, apparent porphyritic textures with highly variable proportions of alkali feldspar megacrysts, and allotriomorphic-granular textures. Chemically and isotopically, melagranite rocks have wide compositional variations. In most major-element, trace-element, and isotopic variation diagrams, the melagranites lie on mixing lines between the more abundant granodioritic and monzogranitic phases of the SMB and the metasedimentary rocks of the Meguma Supergroup. Textural evidence, supported by published experimental evidence, suggests that the garnet, cordierite, and K-feldspar are peritectic phases resulting from incongruent melting of the pelitic fraction of the Meguma metasedimentary country rocks. The field relations, mineral assemblages, textural features, and chemical compositions of the melagranites all point to the melagranites as highly concentrated contamination zones in the SMB, representing small portions of the batholith that have failed either to complete the assimilation process or to disperse their contaminants widely in the batholith. As such, these rarely preserved melagranites provide petrogenetic information disproportionate in importance to their abundance in the batholith, especially about the significant role of contamination and assimilation in determining the physical and chemical composition of the SMB. Without preservation of melagranites in the SMB, and by extension all granite bodies, the petrogenetic importance of contamination is difficult to assess, even with trace-element and isotopic data. The present study shows that high quality field observations are as important in deciphering petrogenesis as chemical data.
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Zapata-Lamana, Rafael, Jaume F. Lalanza, Josep-Maria Losilla, Eva Parrado, and Lluis Capdevila. "mHealth technology for ecological momentary assessment in physical activity research: a systematic review." PeerJ 8 (March 26, 2020): e8848. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8848.
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Objective To systematically review the publications on ecological momentary assessment (EMA) relating to physical activity (PA) behavior in order to classify the methodologies, and to identify the main mHealth technology-based tools and procedures that have been applied during the first 10 years since the emergence of smartphones. As a result of this review, we want to ask if there is enough evidence to propose the use of the term “mEMA” (mobile-based EMA). Design A systematic review according to PRISMA Statement (PROSPERO registration: CRD42018088136). Method Four databases (PsycINFO, CINALH, Medline and Web of Science Core Collection) were searched electronically from 2008 to February 2018. Results A total of 76 studies from 297 potential articles on the use of EMA and PA were included in this review. It was found that 71% of studies specifically used “EMA” for assessing PA behaviors but the rest used other terminology that also adjusted to the inclusion criteria. Just over half (51.3%) of studies (39) used mHealth technology, mainly smartphones, for collecting EMA data. The majority (79.5%) of these studies (31 out of 39) were published during the last 4 years. On the other hand, 58.8% of studies that only used paper-and-pencil were published during the first 3 years of the 10-year period analyzed. An accelerometer was the main built-in sensor used for collecting PA behavior by means of mHealth (69%). Most of the studies were carried out on young-adult samples, with only three studies in older adults. Women were included in 60% of studies, and healthy people in 82%. The studies lasted between 1 and 7 days in 57.9%, and between three and seven assessments per day were carried out in 37%. The most popular topics evaluated together with PA were psychological state and social and environmental context. Conclusions We have classified the EMA methodologies used for assessing PA behaviors. A total of 71% of studies used the term “EMA” and 51.3% used mHealth technology. Accelerometers have been the main built-in sensor used for collecting PA. The change of trend in the use of tools for EMA in PA coincides with the technological advances of the last decade due to the emergence of smartphones and mHealth technology. There is enough evidence to use the term mEMA when mHealth technology is being used for monitoring real-time lifestyle behaviors in natural situations. We define mEMA as the use of mobile computing and communication technologies for the EMA of health and lifestyle behaviors. It is clear that the use of mHealth is increasing, but there is still a lot to be gained from taking advantage of all the capabilities of this technology in order to apply EMA to PA behavior. Thus, mEMA methodology can help in the monitoring of healthy lifestyles under both subjective and objective perspectives. The tendency for future research should be the automatic recognition of the PA of the user without interrupting their behavior. The ecological information could be completed with voice messages, image captures or brief text selections on the touch screen made in real time, all managed through smartphone apps. This methodology could be extended when EMA combined with mHealth are used to evaluate other lifestyle behaviors.
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MAQTAN, ABRAR S., HISHAMUDDIN OMAR, MUSKHAZLI MUSTAFA, and NUR AIN IZZATI MOHD ZAINUDIN. "ECOSYSTEM FUNCTION OF SOIL INVERTEBRATES AND RELATIONSHIPS OF SOIL PROPERTIES FROM DIFFERENT AGRICULTURE FIELD IN UNIVERSITY CAMPUS AND PRIVATE FARM IN PENINSULAR MALAYSIA." Malaysian Applied Biology 50, no. 3 (December 31, 2021): 123–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.55230/mabjournal.v50i3.1990.
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The invertebrate species play different roles above and below ground in a soil ecosystem. They are also responsible for a complex interaction, which is manifested in soils as self-organized systems of different sizes and functions. These invertebrates are sensitive to any changes in land management activities and soil physio-chemical properties. Therefore, the current study aims to examine the ecosystem functions of soil invertebrates from different agriculture fields and establish the relationships of soil physio-chemical properties. Soil samples were collected from four different fields: three are from the main campus, namely Universiti Putra Malaysia (Center of Environmental and Forensic Studies (CEFS), papaya and organic farm), and one is from Nilai, Negeri Sembilan. The soil physical properties, such as moisture, temperature, particle size, bulk density, and soil porosity, were recorded. Soil chemical properties (EC, pH, total C&N, C/N ratio, organic matter, extractable P, Ca, Mg, K, and Na, CEC) were also determined. Pitfall traps and Berlese funnel were used as sampling methods. The invertebrates were stored in 70% ethanol and identified using soil invertebrate morphological classification, which was classified based on body size and biological functional groups. Macrofauna composition in the papaya farm was abundant from other sites at 80.44%, and ecosystem engineers comprised 39.56%. By contrast, mesofauna was abundant with 43.22% in organic farms, and litter transformers were abundant in CEFS at 54.05%. Meanwhile, microfauna was high in organic farms at 2.85%. Predatory populations were also high in Nilai farm at 49.29%. The CCA analysis showed that the physical and chemical properties of soil influence soil fauna density and diversity. The present finding concludes that the activities of ecosystem functions of soil invertebrates were considerably affected by agricultural and management activities
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Tian, Jiyang, Jia Liu, Denghua Yan, Chuanzhe Li, and Fuliang Yu. "Numerical rainfall simulation with different spatial and temporal evenness by using a WRF multiphysics ensemble." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 17, no. 4 (April 13, 2017): 563–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-17-563-2017.
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Abstract. The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model is used in this study to simulate six storm events in two semi-humid catchments of northern China. The six storm events are classified into four types based on the rainfall evenness in the spatial and temporal dimensions. Two microphysics, two planetary boundary layers (PBL) and three cumulus parameterizations are combined to develop an ensemble containing 16 members for rainfall generation. The WRF model performs the best for type 1 events with relatively even distributions of rainfall in both space and time. The average relative error (ARE) for the cumulative rainfall amount is 15.82 %. For the spatial rainfall simulation, the lowest root mean square error (RMSE) is found with event II (0.4007), which has the most even spatial distribution, and for the temporal simulation the lowest RMSE is found with event I (1.0218), which has the most even temporal distribution. The most difficult to reproduce are found to be the very convective storms with uneven spatiotemporal distributions (type 4 event), and the average relative error for the cumulative rainfall amounts is up to 66.37 %. The RMSE results of event III, with the most uneven spatial and temporal distribution, are 0.9688 for the spatial simulation and 2.5327 for the temporal simulation, which are much higher than the other storms. The general performance of the current WRF physical parameterizations is discussed. The Betts–Miller–Janjic (BMJ) scheme is found to be unsuitable for rainfall simulation in the study sites. For type 1, 2 and 4 storms, member 4 performs the best. For type 3 storms, members 5 and 7 are the better choice. More guidance is provided for choosing among the physical parameterizations for accurate rainfall simulations of different storm types in the study area.
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Ben Ouahi, Mhamed, Mohamed Ait Hou, Abdesselam Bliya, Taoufik Hassouni, and El Mehdi Al Ibrahmi. "The Effect of Using Computer Simulation on Students’ Performance in Teaching and Learning Physics: Are There Any Gender and Area Gaps?" Education Research International 2021 (March 22, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6646017.
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The aim of this study is to determine the effect of using computer simulation on students’ performance in teaching and learning physical science, particularly the electrical Ohm’s law. A sample of 182 students classified into two groups–experimental (92) and control (90)–from two middle schools in Meknes city (one in the rural area and the other urban area) was the subject of a pretest and posttest evaluation. The outcomes of the administered test to both groups of students, control and experimental, were compared and analyzed using Student’s t-test and the Mann–Whitney U test with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The results obtained suggest that the experimental group register the best performances after the posttest than the control group ( p < 0.05 ). While no difference, in terms of performance, was signed according to gender in the experimental group ( p > 0.05 ), the urban students were more successful than the rural ones, with and without the use of simulations. In this respect, this study recommended using and practicing simulation software to improve and develop the performance of middle school students.
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Efendi, Ihramli, Heri Kusmanto, and Isnaini Isnaini. "Analisis Pelayanan Publik Pada Dinas Penanaman Modal Dan Pelayanan Perizinan Terpadu Satu Pintu Kabupaten Batu Bara." PERSPEKTIF 11, no. 2 (March 18, 2022): 493–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.31289/perspektif.v11i2.5858.
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The formulation of the problem in this study is How is the service quality of the Office of Investment and One Stop Integrated Services in Batu Bara Regency in managing permits to the community?. And What are the obstacles for the Batu Bara Regency Investment and One Stop Service Office in obtaining permits to the public? The method used in this study is a qualitative research, with data collection instruments are interviews, documentation, and observation. While the data analysis used descriptive analysis. The results showed that the quality of public services at the Investment and One Stop Service Office of Batu Bara Regency refers to the theory of Parasuraman, Zeithaml, and Berry (Parasuraman, 1988), namely: public services that are in poor or unsatisfactory. In terms of reliability, the Office of Investment and One Stop Integrated Services of Batu Bara Regency is not yet classified as good. In providing service, the time is quite long. The technical team is not in place because the technical team also holds other positions. However, the physical evidence (tangibles), reliability (reability), responsiveness (responsiveness), assurance (assurance) and empathy can be said to be good. The service barrier at the Investment and One Stop Service Office of Batu Bara Regency is technological failure. Not all permits can be accessed by the public. Like building permits. In practice, it has not been implemented optimally. And limited resources. This is because the technical team is not in place, and concurrently with other positions, and is in their respective offices.
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RAHAL, Walid, Mohamed A. REZZAZ, and Louardi KHERROUR. "THE PRESERVATION OF WORLD ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES AND PROMOTION OF TOURISM: QALA'AT BANI HAMMAD (M'SILA) ALGERIA." GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites 33, no. 4 (December 31, 2020): 1571–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.30892/gtg.334spl19-610.
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Archaeological sites are currently considered as one of the most important tourism industry drivers, becoming an autonomous economy. Among the most outstanding archaeological sites in Algeria is the fort of Bani Hammad. This site is the first archaeological site classified by UNESCO in 1980, located in central Algeria in M'sila province. Given its importance, we conducted a scientific study to highlight its beautiful archaeological tourism components and national and international tourist attractions. Then, we revealed the tourism challenges and the physical and moral deterioration affecting this site. Also, we propose a preservation plan to promote this site’s touristic assets, enabling its transformation into a tourist destination competing with other archaeological sites in Algeria and the Maghreb; through a sustainable development plan of archaeological tourism, while preserving its historical identity and role. To this aim, we used a descriptive and quantitative analytical approach, starting with a theoretical and analytical analysis of various studies, plans, and documents related to this archaeological site's components. Then, we analyzed the geographical and statistical data of the tourist traffic over five years using the SPSS statistical program. Finally, we presented the results, developed a rehabilitation plan for the site, and suggested an essential set of recommendations.
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Wang, Yi-Sheng. "Virtual cohabitation in online dating sites: a netnography analysis." Online Information Review 43, no. 4 (August 12, 2019): 513–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/oir-11-2016-0338.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore in depth the special context and unique life experience of the online dating site and provide insights regarding an interpretation of virtual cohabitation model. Design/methodology/approach This study uses netnography, online interviews and the physical travel of researchers to the field for field participation and observations. The combination of netnography and online interviews combines online and offline studies to achieve more consistency in the data collection, analysis and other processes. In-person participation in observations makes the research more realistic. The combination of these qualitative methods is helpful in achieving a more comprehensive and accurate research process. Findings The findings of the study can be classified into a three-stage situational context approach, which is presented in the form of propositions. Finally, the insight of the virtual cohabitation context model was developed, namely, motivation (including escapism, hedonic gratification and autonomous), showing off and psychological compensation, stimulation and fantasies, emotions (including impulsiveness, emotions and desires), over-control and low self-control, behavioral control, gratification and dependence and love trap (including sex transactions and consumption traps). Originality/value The theoretical contribution of this study is to establish an interpretation of virtual cohabitation model and ten related propositions.
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Brice, Kylie L., Pankaj Trivedi, Thomas C. Jeffries, Michaela D. J. Blyton, Christopher Mitchell, Brajesh K. Singh, and Ben D. Moore. "The Koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) faecal microbiome differs with diet in a wild population." PeerJ 7 (April 1, 2019): e6534. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6534.
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BackgroundThe diet of the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) is comprised almost exclusively of foliage from the genusEucalyptus(family Myrtaceae).Eucalyptusproduces a wide variety of potentially toxic plant secondary metabolites which have evolved as chemical defences against herbivory. The koala is classified as an obligate dietary specialist, and although dietary specialisation is rare in mammalian herbivores, it has been found elsewhere to promote a highly-conserved but low-diversity gut microbiome. The gut microbes of dietary specialists have been found sometimes to enhance tolerance of dietary PSMs, facilitating competition-free access to food. Although the koala and its gut microbes have evolved together to utilise a low nutrient, potentially toxic diet, their gut microbiome has not previously been assessed in conjunction with diet quality. Thus, linking the two may provide new insights in to the ability of the koala to extract nutrients and detoxify their potentially toxic diet.MethodThe 16S rRNA gene was used to characterise the composition and diversity of faecal bacterial communities from a wild koala population (n = 32) comprising individuals that predominately eat either one of two different food species, one the strongly preferred and relatively nutritious speciesEucalyptus viminalis, the other comprising the less preferred and less digestible speciesEucalyptus obliqua.ResultsAlpha diversity indices indicated consistently and significantly lower diversity and richness in koalas eatingE. viminalis. Assessment of beta diversity using both weighted and unweighted UniFrac matrices indicated that diet was a strong driver of both microbial community structure, and of microbial presence/absence across the combined koala population and when assessed independently. Further, principal coordinates analysis based on both the weighted and unweighted UniFrac matrices for the combined and separated populations, also revealed a separation linked to diet. During our analysis of the OTU tables we also detected a strong association between microbial community composition and host diet. We found that the phyla Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were co-dominant in all faecal microbiomes, with Cyanobacteria also co-dominant in some individuals; however, theE. viminalisdiet produced communities dominated by the generaParabacteroidesand/orBacteroides, whereas theE. obliqua-associated diets were dominated by unidentified genera from the family Ruminococcaceae.DiscussionWe show that diet differences, even those caused by differential consumption of the foliage of two species from the same plant genus, can profoundly affect the gut microbiome of a specialist folivorous mammal, even amongst individuals in the same population. We identify key microbiota associated with each diet type and predict functions within the microbial community based on 80 previously identifiedParabacteroidesand Ruminococcaceae genomes.
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Kosović, Ema, Kevin Lino, and Martin Kuchař. "HPLC-MS Methodology for R. carthamoides Extract Quality Evaluation: A Simultaneous Determination of Eight Bioactive Compounds." Diversity 14, no. 10 (October 18, 2022): 880. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14100880.
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Classified as an adaptogen, Maral root (Rhaponticum carthamoides, Leuzea carthamoides) is a herb that has long been used in Siberian as well as Russian alternative medicine. With over 200 substances found, this plant is a great source of bioactive compounds which have significant beneficial effects on human health and physical enhancement. Simultaneous quantification of the eight most therapeutic and abundant substances, i.e., 20-hydroxyecdysone (20-HE), kaempferol, hesperetin, quercetin, chlorogenic acid, N-feruloyl serotonin, cynaropicrin, and tracheloside belonging to various groups, such as ecdysteroids, flavonoids, phenolics, sesquiterpenes, and lignans, was performed for the first time through validated HPLC-MS. The evaluated parameters for method validation showed excellent linearity with R2 higher than 0.996, stability under various environmental factors with % RSD ≤ 2%, and recovery between 97 and 103% for all the studied compounds. Other validation parameters including selectivity, sensitivity, and precision were found to be within the acceptance criteria. The results of the stability studies provide information on the best combination of conditions for sample handling and storage. Generally, for almost every compound, exposure to light and elevated temperature for 96 h led to degradation; nevertheless, the acidic environment was beneficial for most of them.
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Emami, Hassan, Azamossadat Hosseini, and Somayeh Paydar. "Minimum Data Set of Personal Health Record (PHR) for Patients with Chronic Respiratory Diseases." Frontiers in Health Informatics 11, no. 1 (April 3, 2022): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.30699/fhi.v11i1.369.
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Introduction: Chronic respiratory diseases are one of the four main groups of non-communicable diseases. People with these diseases need access to data to manage their disease and care plan. Personal health record (PHR) as a powerful health information technology tool can empower chronic patients to better manage their health status and become an active member of health care teams. This study is to determine the minimum data set (MDS) in personal health record for patients with chronic respiratory diseases.Materials and Method: This present applied research was done descriptively by Delphi method. First, the data sets of chronic respiratory diseases were extracted using a literature review. Then, using a researcher-made questionnaire and based on Delphi technique in two phases, it was evaluated by 5 pulmonologists.Results: The PHR data set for chronic respiratory diseases was classified into six categories, including physical examination and clinical observation, laboratory data, medications, specialized treatments, diagnostic procedures and vaccination. The 33 data element were identified as the main data elements with an agreement of more than 80% in the first phase of Delphi technique. Also, in the second phase, the four data elements proposed by the experts in the first phase were agreed upon above 80%.Conclusion: Given the role of PHR data in tracking the progress of chronic diseases, treating, and teamwork by physicians and other care providers, determining the minimum data set will be an effective step toward integrating and improving information management in these patients.
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Gregori, G. P., M. Poscolieri, G. Paparo, S. De Simone, C. Rafanelli, and G. Ventrice. ""Storms of crustal stress" and AE earthquake precursors." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 10, no. 2 (February 17, 2010): 319–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-10-319-2010.
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Abstract. Acoustic emission (AE) displays violent paroxysms preceding strong earthquakes, observed within some large area (several hundred kilometres wide) around the epicentre. We call them "storms of crustal stress" or, briefly "crustal storms". A few case histories are discussed, all dealing with the Italian peninsula, and with the different behaviour shown by the AE records in the Cephalonia island (Greece), which is characterized by a different tectonic setting. AE is an effective tool for diagnosing the state of some wide slab of the Earth's crust, and for monitoring its evolution, by means of AE of different frequencies. The same effect ought to be detected being time-delayed, when referring to progressively lower frequencies. This results to be an effective check for validating the physical interpretation. Unlike a seismic event, which involves a much limited focal volume and therefore affects a restricted area on the Earth's surface, a "crustal storm" typically involves some large slab of lithosphere and crust. In general, it cannot be easily reckoned to any specific seismic event. An earthquake responds to strictly local rheological features of the crust, which are eventually activated, and become crucial, on the occasion of a "crustal storm". A "crustal storm" lasts typically few years, eventually involving several destructive earthquakes that hit at different times, at different sites, within that given lithospheric slab. Concerning the case histories that are here discussed, the lithospheric slab is identified with the Italian peninsula. During 1996–1997 a "crustal storm" was on, maybe elapsing until 2002 (we lack information for the period 1998–2001). Then, a quiet period occurred from 2002 until 26 May 2008, when a new "crustal storm" started, and by the end of 2009 it is still on. During the 1996–1997 "storm" two strong earthquakes occurred (Potenza and Colfiorito) – and (maybe) in 2002 also the Molise earthquake can be reckoned to this "storm". During the "storm", started in 2008, the l'Aquila earthquake occurred. Additional logical analysis envisages the possibility of distinguishing some kind of "elementary" constituents of a "crustal storm", which can be briefly called "crustal substorms". The concept of "storm" and "substorm" is a common logical aspect, which is shared by several phenomena, depending on their common intrinsic and primary logical properties that can be called lognormality and fractality. Compared to a "crustal storm", a "crustal substorm" is likely to be reckoned to some specific seismic event. Owing to brevity purposes, however, the discussion of "substorms" is given elsewhere. AE is an effective tool for monitoring these phenomena, and other processes that are ongoing within the crust. Eventually they result to be precursors of some more or less violent earthquake. It should be stressed, however, that the target of AE monitoring is diagnosing the Earth's crust. In contrast, earthquake prediction implies a much different perspective, which makes sense only by means of more detailed multiparametric monitoring. An AE array can provide real physical information only about the processes that are objectively ongoing inside different and contiguous large slabs of the crust. The purpose is to monitor the stress propagation that crosses different regions, in order to envisage where and when it can eventually trigger a catastrophe of the system. The conclusion is that continental – or planetary – scale arrays of AE monitoring stations, which record a few different AE frequencies, appear to be the likely first step for diagnosing the evolution of local structures preceding an earthquake. On the other hand, as it is well known, the magnitude of the shock is to be related to the elastic energy stored in the focal volume, rather than to the trigger that starts it.
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Zhao, Licheng, Yun Shi, Bin Liu, Ciara Hovis, Yulin Duan, and Zhongchao Shi. "Finer Classification of Crops by Fusing UAV Images and Sentinel-2A Data." Remote Sensing 11, no. 24 (December 14, 2019): 3012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11243012.
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Accurate crop distribution maps provide important information for crop censuses, yield monitoring and agricultural insurance assessments. Most existing studies apply low spatial resolution satellite images for crop distribution mapping, even in areas with a fragmented landscape. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imagery provides an alternative imagery source for crop mapping, yet its spectral resolution is usually lower than satellite images. In order to produce more accurate maps without losing any spatial heterogeneity (e.g., the physical boundary of land parcel), this study fuses Sentinel-2A and UAV images to map crop distribution at a finer spatial scale (i.e., land parcel scale) in an experimental site with various cropping patterns in Heilongjiang Province, Northeast China. Using a random forest algorithm, the original, as well as the fused images, are classified into 10 categories: rice, corn, soybean, buckwheat, other vegetations, greenhouses, bare land, water, roads and houses. In addition, we test the effect of UAV image choice by fusing Sentinel-2A with different UAV images at multiples spatial resolutions: 0.03 m, 0.10 m, 0.50 m, 1.00 m and 3.00 m. Overall, the fused images achieved higher classification accuracies, ranging between 10.58% and 16.39%, than the original images. However, the fused image based on the finest UAV image (i.e., 0.03 m) does not result in the highest accuracy. Instead, the 0.10 m spatial resolution UAV image produced the most accurate map. When the spatial resolution is less than 0.10 m, accuracy decreases gradually as spatial resolution decreases. The results of this paper not only indicate the possibility of combining satellite images and UAV images for land parcel level crop mapping for fragmented landscapes, but it also implies a potential scheme to exploit optimal choice of spatial resolution in fusing UAV images and Sentinel-2A, with little to no adverse side-effects.
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Helou, Lili-Ji, Hiba Hamdar, and Georges Raad. "Diagnosis of Cornual Pregnancy in the Emergency Room: a Rare Case Report." International Journal of Clinical Research 3, no. 1 (September 4, 2022): 180–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.38179/ijcr.v3i1.201.
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Introduction: Ectopic or extrauterine pregnancy is a life-threatening medical condition in which a fertilized egg is implanted elsewhere than in the uterine cavity, commonly in the fallopian tubes. However, it can also occur in the peritoneal cavity, ovaries, and cervix. There are several etiological factors contributing to ectopic pregnancies, such as a history of pelvic inflammatory diseases, habitual abortions, and miscarriages, previous ectopic pregnancies, fertility procedures, as well as increased maternal age that has been correlated with a higher risk of carrying an ectopic pregnancy. Often, the first alerting sign in any ectopic pregnancy is a pain in the pelvic region, along with vaginal bleeding usually spotted between the 6th and 11th gestational week. Other symptoms include vomiting, nausea, tachycardia, and in severe cases hypovolemic shock due to internal bleeding induced by the rupture of the tubes. The key to diagnosing an ectopic pregnancy is transvaginal ultrasound, alongside the measurement of beta human chorionic gonadotropin hormone (beta-hCG) concentrations, which are usually found to be low in such cases. The management of ectopic pregnancy is either medical or surgical. Case report: We are reporting the case of a 32-year-old pregnant woman, who presented to the emergency department for diffuse abdominal pain and recurrent episodes of vomiting and diarrhea of one-week duration. The patient was stable on admission, but later on, she showed a rapid shift in her vital signs. Blood tests were obtained, and pelvic ultrasound was done, followed by a Computed Tomography (CT) scan that revealed the presence of a right cornual ectopic pregnancy. A rapid surgical intervention was carried out to save the patient’s life and alleviate the pain. Conclusion: Ectopic pregnancy is an urgent condition that needs to be treated immediately to avoid its fatal consequences. Several risk factors stand behind it, and a usual history and physical gynecological examinations are insufficient to detect it, hormone screening tests additionally to ultrasounds are highly recommended to decrease the incidence of mortality. A proper follow-up with a specialist could avoid the risk of an ectopic pregnancy as well as its undesirable outcomes.
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Carra, Serena, Paola Rusmini, Valeria Crippa, Elisa Giorgetti, Alessandra Boncoraglio, Riccardo Cristofani, Maximillian Naujock, et al. "Different anti-aggregation and pro-degradative functions of the members of the mammalian sHSP family in neurological disorders." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 368, no. 1617 (May 5, 2013): 20110409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2011.0409.
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The family of the mammalian small heat-shock proteins consists of 10 members (sHSPs/HSPBs: HSPB1–HSPB10) that all share a highly conserved C-terminal alpha-crystallin domain, important for the modulation of both their structural and functional properties. HSPB proteins are biochemically classified as molecular chaperones and participate in protein quality control, preventing the aggregation of unfolded or misfolded proteins and/or assisting in their degradation. Thus, several members of the HSPB family have been suggested to be protective in a number of neurodegenerative and neuromuscular diseases that are characterized by protein misfolding. However, the pro-refolding, anti-aggregation or pro-degradative properties of the various members of the HSPB family differ largely, thereby influencing their efficacy and protective functions. Such diversity depends on several factors, including biochemical and physical properties of the unfolded/misfolded client, the expression levels and the subcellular localization of both the chaperone and the client proteins. Furthermore, although some HSPB members are inefficient at inhibiting protein aggregation, they can still exert neuroprotective effects by other, as yet unidentified, manners; e.g. by maintaining the proper cellular redox state or/and by preventing the activation of the apoptotic cascade. Here, we will focus our attention on how the differences in the activities of the HSPB proteins can influence neurodegenerative and neuromuscular disorders characterized by accumulation of aggregate-prone proteins. Understanding their mechanism of action may allow us to target a specific member in a specific cell type/disease for therapeutic purposes.
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Ratnaningsih, Tri, and Aji Bagus Widyantara. "ACUTE MEGAKARYOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA (AML-M7) IN 10-MONTH-OLD BABY BOY WITH DOWN SYNDROME." Biomedika 14, no. 1 (March 14, 2022): 90–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/biomedika.v14i1.15062.
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ABSTRAKLeukemia megakarioblastik akut (acute megakaryoblastic leukemia, AML-M7) merupakan subtipe AML dengan mayoritas megakarioblas. Kejadian AML-M7 umumnya terjadi pada anak-anak dengan down syndrome. Bayi laki-laki berusia 10 bulan dengan down syndrome rujukan dari RSU PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta datang dengan keterangan klinis prolonged fever suspek keganasan akut hematologi seri mieloid. Pemeriksaan tanda vital nadi 102x/menit, suhu 36,7oC pernafasan 30x/menit. Pemeriksaan fisik: berat badan 7,1 kg, tinggi badan 66,1 cm. Hepar teraba 6 cm bawah arcus costae, limpa Schuffner II. Pemeriksaan laboratorium didapatkan lekositosis, netropenia, dan trombositopenia. Pemeriksaan morfologi darah tepi disimpulkan gambaran suspek keganasan akut seri mieloid. Gambaran aspirasi sumsum tulang mendukung diagnosis leukemia megakarioblastik akut atau acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AML-M7). Beberapa studi pada kelompok pediatrik menemukan sekitar setengah dari semua kasus AML-M7 terjadi pada anak-anak dengan down syndrome. Pada pemeriksaan fisik terdapat adanya organomegali. Pemeriksaan laboratorium didapatkan anemia, lekositosis, netropenia, dan trombositopenia. Pemeriksaan penunjang lain yang mendukung dalam penegakan diagnosis AML-M7 adalah morfologi darah tepi, aspirasi sumsum tulang, dan pengecatan sitokimiawi. Diagnosis acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AML-M7) pada bayi dengan down syndrome. Diagnosis didasarkan gambaran klinis, anamnesis (alloanamnesa), pemeriksaan fisik, pemeriksaan laboratorium, dan pemeriksaan penunjang lainnya.Kata Kunci: Acute megakaryoblastic Leukemia, AML-M7, Bayi, Syndrome DownABSTRACTAcute megakaryoblastic Leukemia (AML-M7) is a subtype of AML where megakaryoblasts are the majority of the blasts. The incidence of AML-M7 is commonly seen in children with Down syndrome. A 10-month-old male baby with down syndrome, a referral from PKU Muhammadiyah General Hospital Yogyakarta, came with a prolonged fever suspected of acute hematological malignancy in the myeloid series. Vital signs examination of pulse rates: 102x / minute; temperature: 36.7oC; respiration: 30x / minute. On physical examination, the baby weighs 7.1 kgs, with a height of 66.1 cm. The palpable liver was 6 cm below the arcus rib, and the enlargement of the spleen was classified as Schuffner II. Laboratory tests explained leukocytosis, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia. The peripheral blood morphology examination showed suspected acute malignancy with myeloid series. Bone marrow aspiration supported the diagnosis of acute megakaryoblastic Leukemia or acute megakaryoblastic Leukemia (AML-M7). Several studies in the pediatric group found that about half of all AML-M7 cases occurred in children with Down syndrome. On physical examination, there was organomegaly. Laboratory tests showed anemia, leukocytosis, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia. Other supporting investigations in establishing the diagnosis of AMLM7 were peripheral blood morphology, bone marrow aspiration, and cytochemical staining. A diagnosis of acute megakaryoblastic Leukemia (AML-M7) in infants with Down syndrome. The diagnosis was based on clinical features, history (allo-anamnesis), physical examination, laboratory examination, and other supporting investigations. Keywords: Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia, AML-M7, Baby, Down Syndrome
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Suffling, Roger, Michael Evans, and Ajith Perera. "Presettlement forest in southern Ontario: Ecosystems measured through a cultural prism." Forestry Chronicle 79, no. 3 (June 1, 2003): 485–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc79485-3.
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To better manage southern Ontario's natural forests, the former and present status of old growth must be understood. We hypothesize that old-growth pine (Pinus spp.), although dominant elsewhere, was less common in southern Ontario than popular history suggests: we are obliged to evaluate historical information that has been filtered both by the original compilers and through our own biases. Beginning around 600 AD, the predominant beech (Fagus americana) forest was partially replaced by maple (primarily Acer saccharum), oaks (Quercus spp.) and eastern white pine (P. strobus). This pine increase either followed abandonment of pre-Columbian agriculture or, more plausibly, accompanied climate cooling. Eighteenth and 19th century European settlers encountered abundant large trees, which they hewed for square pine timber, milled timber, and tanbark. Other stands were cut and burned for agricultural clearance, with a potash by-product. Until recently, Ontario research emphasized the old-growth pine stands of central and northern Ontario to the relative exclusion of other kinds of old forest because very few southern Ontario old-growth stands remained to study. Ontario forest resource inventory data (FRI) show stands of over 150 years totalling only 1475 ha in 1978, concentrated on the Oak Ridges Moraine, the St. Lawrence Valley and the Awenda Peninsula. Red (P. resinosa) and eastern white pine stands constituted only 5.3% of the 1978 forested area, with virtually none of over 150 years, whereas eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) stands constituted 12.8%. The difficulty in finding modern old growth necessitates historical reconstruction using physical, written and graphical resources, including early survey records and trade statistics. In a case study of 1822 survey data from Darling Township (Lanark Co.) and 1960 FRI, vegetation was classified using TWINSPAN and mapped using ARC/INFO Thiessen polygons. In 1822, dominant hemlock occupied half the township but it has since been eliminated as a dominant. Conversely, there were no pine-dominated forests in 1822, but these had increased to 16% of the area by 1960. A second case used similar methods, with 1855 data for St. Edmunds and Lindsay townships (Bruce Co.) and 1981 FRI. Although logging halved the area and reduced the stature of pines in the large pinery, the elimination of dominant hemlock (originally 41% by area) is more significant. Fragmentary square timber trade data suggest that at least half the large pines in Bruce County were in St. Edmunds, so pine must have been spectacularly concentrated in a few areas. The third case, a map constructed from Gourlay's 1817–1819 survey, also demonstrates that pine-dominated areas were in the minority in southern Ontario, concentrated on sandy soils around Lakes Ontario and Erie. However, big hemlocks, beeches, maples and oaks were much more common overall. Management responses to this information should include designation of older southern Ontario forest stands (especially those never cleared since settlement) for maturation into an old-growth state, and the systematic restoration of eastern hemlock and beech stands for conservation purposes in southern Ontario. Key words: old-growth forest, Canada, Ontario, historical ecology, forest history
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Kovačević, V., M. Gačić, G. Fusco, and V. Cardin. "Temporal evolution of thermal structures and winter heat content change from VOS-XBT data in the central Mediterranean Sea." Annales Geophysicae 21, no. 1 (January 31, 2003): 63–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-21-63-2003.
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Abstract. Seasonal and year-to-year time evolution of the thermal structure, including the heat content change in the upper water column and its relationship with the surface net heat fluxes, have been studied at five locations in the central Mediterranean Sea. The study is based on temperature profiles collected during XBT surveys (eXpendable Bathy-Thermograph) carried out on ships of opportunity, in the framework of the MFSPP (Mediterranean Forecasting System Pilot Project), between September 1999 and May 2001. The five investigated zones are located in the southern Adriatic, NW Ionian, southern and northern Tyrrhenian, and Ligurian Sea. Gradual erosion of the thermocline in autumn, formation of a mixed layer in winter, and the onset of the stratification in spring, are common properties of the temporal evolution of thermal structures at all five locations. Moreover, in the southern Adriatic, a deep convection took place down to about 600 m in winter 1999/2000. On the other hand, mild climatic conditions and small surface heat loss in autumn and winter 2000/2001 drastically reduced a mixing/convection depth which hardly reached 200 m. Simultaneously, the NW Ionian remained slightly stratified throughout the winter period. The heat storage rate in the upper portion of the water column (down to 450 m) is compared with the air-sea net heat flux at a monthly scale. A heat content decrease is determined by the surface heat loss, and the processes such as lateral advection, or upwelling of the colder waters through the base of the water column (for example, in the southern Adriatic and Ionian Seas). Elsewhere (for example, in the northern Tyrrhenian and Ligurian Seas), the upwelling does not contribute significantly to the heat balance within the water column, since the vertical temperature gradients in deeper layers are negligible. Key words. Oceanography: general (climate and interannual variability; descriptive and regional oceanography) – Oceanography: physical (air-sea interactions)
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Zhang, Xiaojun, Haodong Han, Jun Peng, and Yingchun Gou. "Multifractal Analysis of Pore Structure and Evaluation of Deep-Buried Cambrian Dolomite Reservoir with Image Processing: A Case from Tarim Basin, NW China." Geofluids 2020 (September 21, 2020): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7131573.
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Reservoir pore space assessment is of great significance for petroleum exploration and production. However, it is difficult to describe the pore characteristics of deep-buried dolomite reservoirs with the traditional linear method because these rocks have undergone strong modification by tectonic activity and diagenesis and show significant pore space heterogeneity. In this study, 38 dolostone samples from 4 Cambrian formations of Tarim Basin in NW China were collected and 135 thin section images were analyzed. Multifractal theory was used for evaluation of pore space heterogeneity in deep-buried dolostone based on thin section image analysis. The physical parameters, pore structure parameters, and multifractal characteristic parameters were obtained from the digital images. Then, the relationships between lithology and these parameters were discussed. In addition, the pore structure was classified into four categories using K-means clustering analysis based on multifractal parameters. The results show that the multifractal phenomenon generally exists in the pore space of deep-buried dolomite and that multifractal analysis can be used to characterize the heterogeneity of pore space in deep-buried dolomite. For these samples, multifractal parameters, such as αmin, αmax, ΔαL, ΔαR, Δf, and AI, correlate strongly with porosity but only slightly with permeability. However, the parameter Δα, which is usually used to reveal heterogeneity, does not show an obvious link with petrophysical properties. Of dolomites with different fabrics, fine crystalline dolomite and medium crystalline dolomite show the best petrophysical properties and show significant differences in multifractal parameters compared to other dolomites. More accurate porosity estimations were obtained with the multifractal generalized fractal dimension, which provides a new method for porosity prediction. The various categories derived from the K-means clustering analysis of multifractal parameters show distinct differences in petrophysical properties. This proves that reservoir evaluation and pore structure classification can be accurately performed with the K-means clustering analysis method based on multifractal parameters of pore space in deep-buried dolomite reservoirs.