Academic literature on the topic 'Other manufacturing not elsewhere classified'
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Journal articles on the topic "Other manufacturing not elsewhere classified"
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Garanča, Biruta. "THE STRUCTURE OF MACHINERY BUILDING IN LATGALE AND PERSPECTIVES OF ITS DEVELOPMENT." Latgale National Economy Research 1, no. 1 (June 30, 2009): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/lner2009vol1.1.1761.
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The financial facility of development of machinery building in Latgale is expected in manufacturing of electrical and optical equipment and in production of metal and metal ware. At present the proportion of production of leading machinery and equipment non-classified elsewhere, as well as of production of transport means has a tendency to reduce and also they have lesser probability to manage the financial crisis.
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García-Domínguez, A., Mariano Marcos Bárcena, and I. Medina. "A Comparison of BPMN 2.0 with other Notations for Manufacturing Processes." Key Engineering Materials 502 (February 2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.502.1.
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In order to study their current practices and improve on them, manufacturing firms need to view their processes from several viewpoints at various abstraction levels. Several notations have been developed for this purpose, such as Value Stream Mappings or IDEF models. Recently, the BPMN 2.0 standard from the Object Management Group has been proposed for modeling business processes. A process organizes several activities into a single higher-level entity, which can be reused elsewhere in the organization. Its potential for standardizing business interactions is well-known, but there is little work on using BPMN 2.0 to model manufacturing processes. In this work some of the previous notations are outlined and BPMN 2.0 is positioned among them after discussing it in more depth. Some guidelines on using BPMN 2.0 for manufacturing are offered, and its advantages and disadvantages in comparison with the other notations are presented.
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Kopacz, Marek S., Cathleen P. Kane, Brady Stephens, and Wilfred R. Pigeon. "Use ofICD-9-CMDiagnosis Code V62.89 (Other Psychological or Physical Stress, Not Elsewhere Classified) Following a Suicide Attempt." Psychiatric Services 67, no. 7 (July 2016): 807–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.201500302.
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Farid, A. M., and D. C. McFarlane. "Production degrees of freedom as manufacturing system reconfiguration potential measures." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 222, no. 10 (October 1, 2008): 1301–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544054jem1056.
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In recent years, many design approaches have been developed for automated manufacturing systems in the fields of reconfigurable manufacturing systems (RMSs), holonic manufacturing systems (HMSs), and multi-agent systems (MASs). One of the principle reasons for these developments has been to enhance the reconfigurability of a manufacturing system, allowing it to adapt readily to changes over time. However, to date, reconfigurability assessment has been limited. Hence, the efficacy of these design approaches remains inconclusive. This paper is the first of two in this issue to address reconfigurability measurement. Specifically, it seeks to address ‘reconfiguration potential’ by analogy. Mechanical degrees of freedom have been used in the field of mechanics as a means of determining the independent directions of motion of a mechanical system. By analogy, manufacturing degrees of freedom can be used to determine independent ways of production. Furthermore, manufacturing degrees of freedom can be classified into their production and product varieties. This paper specifically focuses on the former to measure the product-independent aspects of manufacturing system ‘reconfiguration potential’. This approach will be added to complementary work on the measurement of ‘reconfiguration ease’ so as to form an integrated reconfigurability measurement process described elsewhere [1—5].
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Bennett, David. "Future challenges for manufacturing." Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management 25, no. 1 (January 28, 2014): 2–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmtm-10-2013-0153.
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Purpose – This Editorial Viewpoint explores what changes are taking place in manufacturing technology management with the aim of identifying future challenges that should be represented in the scope of JMTM. Design/methodology/approach – The viewpoints use an analysis of relevant articles in JMTM, published since 2007, which have focused on future challenges for manufacturing. It also draws on two recent reports. Findings – While the analysis confirms the inclusion of some subjects already in the journal scope, there are elsewhere gaps that merit it being expanded. Research limitations/implications – Evidence for the findings is only from a limited number of articles identified in this journal together supplemented by other secondary sources. Practical implications – There are implications for practice concerning the future of manufacturing from the analysis and the sources used, especially the reports. Originality/value – Although it has limitations, the article is based on original bibliographic research.
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WALTON, JOHN K., and DAVID TIDSWELL. "‘Classified at random by veritable illiterates’: the taking of the Spanish census of 1920 in Guipúzcoa province." Continuity and Change 20, no. 2 (August 2005): 287–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0268416005005503.
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This article offers an approach through administrative and cultural history to the problems associated with gathering and processing data for the Spanish national census of 1920, and by implication for earlier Spanish censuses. It focuses on the Basque province of Guipúzcoa, making use of correspondence between the central statistical office in Madrid, the provincial jefe de estadística and the localities, and of reports on three problematic towns within the province. The issues that emerge regarding ‘undercounting’, the definition of administrative boundaries and the classification of demographic characteristics are set in the wider context of census-taking practices and problems elsewhere in Spain and in other cultures.
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Leach, Stephen. "History, Ethics and Philosophy: Bernard Williams’ Appraisal of R. G. Collingwood." Journal of the Philosophy of History 5, no. 1 (2011): 36–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187226311x555446.
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AbstractThe author examines Williams’ appraisal of Collingwood both in his eponymous essay on Collingwood, in the posthumously published Sense of the Past (2006), and elsewhere in his work. The similarities and differences between their philosophies are explored: in particular, with regard to the relationship between philosophy and history and the relationship between the study of history and our present-day moral attitudes. It is argued that, despite Williams usually being classified as an analytic philosopher and Collingwood being classified as an idealist, there is substantial common ground between them. Williams was aware of this and made clear his sympathy for Collingwood; but, nonetheless, the relationship between Williams and Collingwood has not previously been explored in any detail. After establishing the common ground between these philosophers, and the areas of disagreement, the author suggests that both may have something to gain from the other.
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Sweeney, Vincent P., Adele D. Sadovnick, and Vilma Brandejs. "Prevalence of Multiple Sclerosis in British Columbia." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 13, no. 1 (February 1986): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0317167100035782.
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ABSTRACT:A province wide prevalence study on multiple sclerosis (MS) was conducted in British Columbia (B.C.). The prevalence date was July 1, 1982. The major portion of this study was a review of all the files of neurologists practicing in B.C. as this was judged to be the most accurate source for identifying MS patients. 239,412 neurologists' files were hand searched by one researcher using modified Schumacher criteria for classification. Other sources used during the study for identifying MS patients were the MS Clinic, general practitioners, ophthalmologists, urologists, specialized facilities such as long term care facilities and rehabilitation centres, and patient self-referrals.A total of 4,620 non-duplicated cases were identified and classified. 4,112 of these (89%) were classified according to information contained in neurologists' records.The prevalence estimate for definite/probable MS in B.C. was 93.3/100,000 population. This increased to 130.5/100,000 population if possible MS and optic neuritis were also included. These rates are among the highest reported in Canada or elsewhere. The cooperation of B.C. neurologists made this study unique in its scope and accuracy of diagnosis.
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Barff, R., and J. Austen. "‘It's Gotta Be Da Shoes’: Domestic Manufacturing, International Subcontracting, and the Production of Athletic Footwear." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 25, no. 8 (August 1993): 1103–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a251103.
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An apparent paradox exists in the geography of athletic footwear production. The industry is highly labor intensive; it is also locationally volatile. Although most production now takes place in Southeast Asia, the United States nevertheless still contains significant enclaves of athletic footwear production. Moreover, the cheapest shoes continue to be produced in the United States whereas more complex, expensive models tend to be manufactured in Asia. To understand this geography, we must move beyond the basic consideration of international labor-cost differentials. By means of two case studies, it is shown that domestic production involves very different labor processes from those of production based in other countries and, like many other sectors of the economy, domestic producers gain advantage by carrying smaller inventories through faster lead times. The best explanation, though, centers on the shoes themselves. Athletic shoes produced in the United States tend to have many fewer stitches in them than those manufactured elsewhere, which minimizes the most expensive component of the production process. Furthermore, tariffs on athletic shoes massively discriminate against imported shoes of a particular construction.
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Nagy, Barnabás. "A Mecsek Orthoptera faunájának jellegzetes vonásai." Natura Somogyiensis, no. 9 (2006): 153–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.24394/natsom.2006.9.153.
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The Mecsek Mts and the Villány Hills represent the most southern (low)mountain region of Hungary. Here 63 grasshopper species were detected (=51,6% of the total Hungarian Orthoptera fauna), however, several in Hungary elsewhere common species were not found. High percentage of some Mediterranean, Balkan and other, elsewhere in Hungary rare or missing Orthoptera species (as e.g. Poecilimon fussi, Poecilimon intermedius, Isophya costata, I. modestior, I. modesta, I. camptoxypha, Sagapedo, Odontopodisma decipiens, O. schmidtii, Aiolopus strepens, Acrotylus insubricus, etc.), are characteristic to this fauna and to these grasshopper assemblages. The joint and frequent occurrence of bigger, mostly predaceous decticines (3 Pholidoptera spp., Pachytrachis gracilis, Pterolepis germanica) is also remarkable. Species being under legislative nature protection in Hungary amounted to 10 taxons (=15,9 %) in the Mecsek, - among them with two sub-endemics for the Carpathian Basin: Isophya costata and /. camptoxypha. However, during the last decades some flightless phaneropterids (/. modesta, I. camptoxypha, I. modestior) seem to have suffered local extiction around settlements due to the urbanization pressure. Species occurring in the Mecsek Mts were classified according to their phenology. The northernmost sites of the area of Aiolopus strepens - the adults overwinter - were detected in the Mecsek. Places of occurrence of rare and protected species {Isophya spp., Poecilimon intermedius, Aiolopus strepens) are endangered by habitat destruction, especially around the city Pécs, that is extending to parts of the southern slopes of the Misina Mt (535 m).
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Other manufacturing not elsewhere classified"
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Zhang, Yumin. "Virtual manufacturing - a study of some important issues relating to the transformation of traditional manufacturing organisations." Thesis, Aston University, 2006. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/12237/.
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This thesis starts with a literature review, outlining the major issues identified in the literature concerning virtual manufacturing enterprise (VME) transformation. Then it details the research methodology used – a systematic approach for empirical research. next, based on the conceptual framework proposed, this thesis builds three modules to form a reference model, with the purpose of clarifying the important issues relevant to transforming a traditional manufacturing company into a VME. The first module proposes a mechanism of VME transformation – operating along the VME metabolism. The second module builds a management function within a VME to ensure a proper operation of the mechanism. This function helps identify six areas as closely related to VME transformation: lean manufacturing; competency protection; internal operation performance measurement; alliance performance measurement; knowledge management; alliance decision making. The third module continues and proposes an alliance performance measurement system which includes 14 categories of performance indicators. An analysis template for alliance decision making is also proposed and integrated into the first module. To validate these three modules, 7 manufacturing organisations (5 in China and 2 in the UK) were investigated, and these field case studies are analysed in this thesis. The evidence found in these organisations, together with the evidence collected from the literature, including both researcher views and literature case studies, provide support for triangulation evidence. In addition, this thesis identifies the strength and weakness patterns of the manufacturing companies within the theoretical niche of this research, and clarifies the relationships among some major research areas from the perspective of virtual manufacturing. Finally, the research findings are summarised, as well as their theoretical and practical implications. Research limitations and recommendations for future work conclude this thesis.
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SHARMA, BHARAT, and PRAVEEN NATARAJAN. "Simplifying smart manufacturing concepts : Commercialization of smart manufacturing concepts to help small and medium-sized enterprises." Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Avd.), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-236488.
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Smart manufacturing is a concept that has taken over the manufacturing sector. The definition of smart manufacturing or the German concept Industry 4.0 has not been clearly stated and the transition from Industry 3.0 to 4.0 is still debated. Large companies have started investing a lot of money to research on concepts like Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), advanced data analytics and cloud computing, that compliment smart manufacturing to fit their manufacturing setup and hence the solutions are not standardized. They have still managed to improve their production systems to make it more flexible, productive, efficient and customer-centric by using the concepts of smart manufacturing. Small and medium-sized enterprises are challenged by problems faced such as low investments, insufficient infrastructure, inefficient production lines and limited time to research on new technology. This thesis studies the concept of Industry 4.0 or smart manufacturing and tries to create a transition from Industry 3.0 concepts to 4.0 concepts by using simple and easy solutions. The main aim of the thesis is to create a business plan to commercialize the simple solutions so that small and medium-sized enterprises could start implementing the smart manufacturing concepts in a simple way. Two concepts namely machine vision system and Bluetooth Low Energy technology were studied, and a product structure was developed. Realworld cases were developed and tested out with the product. Conclusions were made as to how the products and services would benefit the customer and what problems it addresses on a shopfloor setting. A structured business plan to commercialize the product was developed with a customer-centric approach, that helps create a transition from Industry 3.0 to 4.0 concepts as well as provide cost-effective and easy solutions to small and medium-sized enterprises. Validation of the concepts were done using concepts like Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) devices and machine vision systems that provide shop floor data. The limitations of the thesis as well as scope for future work has also been mentioned.Smart tillverkning är ett koncept som har tagit över tillverkningssektorn. Definitionen av smart tillverkning eller det tyska konceptet Industri 4.0 har inte klart framgått och övergången från Industri 3.0 till 4.0 diskuteras fortfarande. Stora företag har börjat investera mycket pengar för att undersöka koncept som Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), avancerad dataanalys och cloud computing, som komplement tillsmart tillverkning för att passa deras tillverkning och lösningarna är därför inte standardiserade. De har ändå lyckats förbättra sina produktionssystem för att göra dem mer flexibla, produktiva, effektiva och kundcentrerade genom att använda smart tillverkning. För små och medelstora finns utmaningar i form av låga investeringar, otillräcklig infrastruktur, ineffektiva produktionslinjer och begränsad tid för forskning om ny teknik. Denna avhandling studerar begreppet Industry 4.0 eller smart tillverkning och försöker skapa en övergång från Industry 3.0- till 4.0-konceptet med enkla lösningar. Huvudsyftet med avhandlingen är att skapa en affärsplan för att kommersialisera de enkla lösningarna så att små och medelstora företag på ett enkelt sätt kan börja införa smarta tillverkningskoncept. Två koncept, nämligen bildbehandlingsteknik och Bluetooth Low Energy-teknik studerades och en produktstruktur utvecklades. Användningsfall utvecklades och testades med produkten. Slutsatser drogs om hur produkterna och tjänsterna skulle gynna kunden och vilka problem den kan lösa på ett fabriksgolv. En strukturerad affärsplan för att kommersialisera produkten med ett kundcentrerat synsätt utvecklades för att skapa en övergång från Industri 3.0 till 4.0 samt erbjuda kostnadseffektiva och enkla lösningar till små och medelstora företag. Valideringen gjordes med hjälp av Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE)-enheter och bildbehandlingssystem för insamling av data från fabriksgolvet. Avgränsningarna samt möjligheter till framtida arbete har också behandlats.
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(9189602), Tran NH Nguyen. "Printable Electrochemical Biosensors for the Detection of Neurotransmitter and Other Biological Molecule." Thesis, 2020.
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Glutamate is the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. As one of the most abundant neurotransmitters, glutamate plays an essential role in many processes of the central nervous system and beyond. As a result, any disruption that causes an abnormal glutamate level can significantly impact the central nervous system's neurological functions. Glutamate excitotoxicity is a neuropathology that persists in many neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease as well as in the traumatic brain and spinal cord injuries. Thus, the ability to obtain precise information about the extracellular glutamate level in the living brain and spinal cord tissue may provide new insights into the fundamental understanding of glutamate in neurological disorders and neurophysiological phenomena.
Conventional bioanalytical techniques that characterize glutamate levels in vivo have a low spatiotemporal resolution that has impeded our understanding of this dynamic event. The electrochemical sensor has emerged as a promising solution that can satisfy the requirement for highly reliable and continuous monitoring methods with an excellent spatiotemporal resolution for the characterization of extracellular glutamate concentration. In this thesis, I present various amperometric biosensors fabricated using a simple direct ink writing technique for ex vivo and in vivo glutamate monitoring.
The amperometric biosensor is fabricated by immobilizing glutamate oxidase on nanocomposite electrodes made of platinum nanoparticles, multiwalled carbon nanotubes, and a conductive polymer. The biosensors demonstrate good sensitivity and selectivity that can be inserted into a spinal cord and measure extracellular glutamate concentration. Additionally, another type of glutamate biosensor is fabricated from commercially available activated carbon with platinum microparticles. We utilize astrocyte cell culture to demonstrate our biosensor's ability to monitor the glutamate uptake process. We also present a direct measurement of glutamate release from optogenetic stimulation in mouse primary visual cortex brain slides.
Moreover, we explore a new type of material, perovskite nickelate-Nafion heterostructure, to fabricate biosensors and measure glutamate inside the mouse brain. Finally, by utilizing the nanocomposite ink and direct ink writing technique, we also fabricate the gold-ruthenium non-enzymatic glucose biosensor. We apply a modified Butler-Volmer non-linear model to evaluate the impact of geometrical and chemical design parameters of non-enzymatic biosensor performance.
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(6661946), Jeremy Wayne Byrd. "PREDICTIVE MAINTENANCE PRACTICES & STANDARDS." 2019.
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Manufacturing today is increasingly competitive and every organization around the world is looking to decrease costs. Maintenance costs generated an average of 28 percent of total manufacturing cost at the Fiat Chrysler Indiana Transmission Plant One in 2018, states Rex White, Head Maintenance Planner at Fiat Chrysler (2018). Maintenance is a supportive expense that does not generate a profit, which makes maintenance an attractive expense to decrease. The cost for components and skilled labor are expensive; however, the downtime is exponentially a larger threat to production cost. One most feared scenarios within a manufacturing facility is that one machine takes down several as it backs up the entire production process.
The three major types of maintenance are reactive, preventive, and
predictive. The research project focused on applying the principles of
predictive maintenance to the Fiat Chrysler facilities in Indiana. The report explains
the techniques and principles of applying the technology currently available to
reduce downtime and maintenance cost. The predictive maintenance procedures and
saving are compared with reactive and preventive methods to determine a value
of return. The report will examine the benefits of using the Internet of Things
technology to create autonomous self-diagnosing smart machines. The predictive
maintenance plan in this research illustration will introduce health check
equipment used to implement longer lasting machine components. In conclusion,
the project developed out an entire predictive maintenance plan to reduce
downtime and maintenance costs.
Books on the topic "Other manufacturing not elsewhere classified"
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Britain, Great. Miscellaneous Manufacturing Not Elsewhere Classified. Stationery Office Books, 1996.
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Britain, Great. Manufacture of Other Transport Equipment Not Elsewhere Classified. Stationery Office Books, 1996.
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Grant, Jon E., and Marc N. Potenza. Overview of the Impulse Control Disorders Not Elsewhere Classified and Limitations of Knowledge. Edited by Jon E. Grant and Marc N. Potenza. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195389715.013.0012.
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Several disorders have been classified together in the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (4th ed.; DSM-IV) as impulse control disorders not elsewhere classified. These impulse control disorders have been grouped together based on perceived similarities in clinical presentation and hypothesized similarities in pathophysiologies. The question exists whether these disorders belong together or whether they should be categorized elsewhere. Examination of the family of impulse control disorders generates questions regarding the distinct nature of each disorder: whether each is unique or whether they represent variations of each other or other psychiatric disorders. Neurobiology may cut across disorders, and identifying important intermediary phenotypes will be important in understanding impulse control disorders and related entities. The distress of patients with impulse control disorders highlights the importance of examining these disorders. More comprehensive information has significant potential for advancing prevention and treatment strategies for those who suffer from disorders characterized by impaired impulse control.
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Canada. Occupational Analysis and Classification Systems Division., ed. Canadian classification and dictionary of occupations, occupations in major groups: 91, transport equipment operating, 93, material handling, 95, other crafts and equipment operating, 99, occupations not elsewhere classified. [Ottawa]: Employment and Immigration Canada, 1986.
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Mataix-Cols, David, and Odile A. van den Heuvel. Neuroanatomy of Obsessive Compulsive and Related Disorders. Edited by Gail Steketee. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195376210.013.0027.
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Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) shares features and often co-occurs with other anxiety disorders, as well as with other psychiatric conditions classified elsewhere in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV), the so-called “OCD spectrum disorders.” Neurobiologically, it is unclear how all these disorders relate to one another. The picture is further complicated by the clinical heterogeneity of OCD. This chapter will review the literature on the common and distinct neural correlates of OCD vis-à-vis other anxiety and “OCD spectrum” disorders. Furthermore, the question of whether partially distinct neural systems subserve the different symptom dimensions of OCD will be examined. Particular attention will be paid to hoarding, which is emerging as a distinct entity from OCD. Finally, new insights from cognitive and affective neuroscience will be reviewed before concluding with a summary and recommendations for future research.
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Allen, Robert C. 6. The spread of the Industrial Revolution abroad. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198706786.003.0006.
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The Industrial Revolution may have ended for Britain in 1867, but it had only just begun elsewhere. ‘The spread of the Industrial Revolution abroad’ charts the different regions’ share of world manufacturing. The second industrial revolution was in Western Europe, whose share of world manufacturing increased from 12 per cent in the 18th century to 28 per cent in 1913. Even more dramatic was the rise of the North American share: from less than 1 per cent in the 18th century to a peak value of 47 per cent in 1953. Other regions experiencing industrial revolutions in the 20th century were the former USSR, East Asia, and China.
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Anderson, Michael, and Corinne Roughley. How and Why was Scotland Different and What May Happen Next? Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805830.003.0020.
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Throughout the period covered by this book there have been major contrasts between different parts of Scotland: in population change, migration, nuptiality, fertility, and mortality. Across all these variables, there have also been major and most often negative contrasts with England and other parts of north-western Europe. Compared with similar areas elsewhere, these contrasts were pervasive across the country and persistent over time. This suggests that, compared with England in particular, ‘Scottish-wide effects’ have underpinned them. A number of largely Scottish-specific employment practices, social and housing policies, and local government weaknesses have been important. But, above all, a shortage of opportunities relative to expectations, occupational insecurity, slow development of new manufacturing industries, and various factors undermining confidence in the future have been crucial. Scottish population has grown in the early twenty-first century. But maintaining positive demographic momentum remains a challenge.
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Jeske, Christine. The Laziness Myth. Cornell University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501752506.001.0001.
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When people cannot find good work, can they still find good lives? By investigating this question in the context of South Africa, where only 43 percent of adults are employed, this book invites readers to examine their own assumptions about how work and the good life do or do not coincide. The book challenges the widespread premise that hard-work determines success by tracing the titular “laziness myth,” a persistent narrative that disguises the systems and structures that produce inequalities while blaming unemployment and other social ills on the so-called laziness of particular class, racial, and ethnic groups. The book offers evidence of the laziness myth's harsh consequences, as well as insights into how to challenge it with other South African narratives of a good life. In contexts as diverse as rapping in a library, manufacturing leather shoes, weed-whacking neighbors' yards, negotiating marriage plans, and sharing water taps, the people described in the book will stimulate discussion on creative possibilities for seeking the good life in and out of employment, in South Africa and elsewhere.
Book chapters on the topic "Other manufacturing not elsewhere classified"
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Luckman, Susan, and Jane Andrew. "What Does ‘Handmade’ Mean Today?" In Creative Working Lives, 125–48. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44979-7_5.
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AbstractThe phrase ‘designer maker’ is being employed increasingly in the contemporary craft and design marketplace, especially among those seeking to make a full-time living from their practice. It marks those makers who may undertake original design and prototyping themselves, but who, in order to scale up their production in ways not always possible for a solo hand maker, outsource some or all subsequent aspects of production to other makers or machine-assisted manufacturing processes. But despite widespread use of this phrase, some makers remain keen to manage the scale of their business. As a result, many of those craftspeople and designer makers we spoke to who were in a position to scale-up their production while stepping back from the making themselves were reluctant to go down this path. Elsewhere we have explored these issues in terms of balancing making income with quality of life, as well as in terms of the desire to be a maker, to be doing the creative work oneself, and thus not ‘get too big’ with the added pressures and responsibilities of being an employer (Luckman, Cultural Trends, 27(5), 313–326 (2018)). In this chapter, we home in more on what upscaling and outsourcing reveals about competing definitions of, and attitudes towards, the idea of ‘the handmade’. We also explore attitudes towards handmaking versus other forms of production, including outsourcing and the use of digital tools.
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Bhuyan, Dheeman. "Design of Prosthetic Heart Valve and Application of Additive Manufacturing." In Additive Manufacturing Technologies From an Optimization Perspective, 120–33. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9167-2.ch006.
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Heart valve prostheses are well known and can be classified in two major types or categories: biological and mechanical. Biological valves (i.e., Homografts and Heterografts) make use of animal tissue as the valving mechanism whereas mechanical valves make use of balls, disks, and other mechanical valving mechanism. Mechanical valves carry considerable risk and require lifelong medication. The design of these valves is usually done on a “one size fits all” basis, with only the diameter changing depending on the model being produced. The author seeks to present an application of additive manufacturing in the design process for mechanical valves. This is expected to provide patients with customized prostheses to match their physiology and reduce the risk associated with the implantation.
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Bhuyan, Dheeman. "Design of Prosthetic Heart Valve and Application of Additive Manufacturing." In Research Anthology on Emerging Technologies and Ethical Implications in Human Enhancement, 482–91. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8050-9.ch024.
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Heart valve prostheses are well known and can be classified in two major types or categories: biological and mechanical. Biological valves (i.e., Homografts and Heterografts) make use of animal tissue as the valving mechanism whereas mechanical valves make use of balls, disks, and other mechanical valving mechanism. Mechanical valves carry considerable risk and require lifelong medication. The design of these valves is usually done on a “one size fits all” basis, with only the diameter changing depending on the model being produced. The author seeks to present an application of additive manufacturing in the design process for mechanical valves. This is expected to provide patients with customized prostheses to match their physiology and reduce the risk associated with the implantation.
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Agarwal, Prafull, Rishi Kurian, and Ravi Kumar Gupta. "Additive Manufacturing Feature Taxonomy and Placement of Parts in AM Enclosure." In Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Additive Manufacturing, 138–76. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8516-0.ch007.
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Additive Manufacturing (AM) is a layer-by-layer deposition of material for the production of the desired product. The design flexibility associated with AM is much more when compared to the conventional manufacturing process. To manufacture a part with AM, two things play a critical role: the designing of the part and the other is the placement of the part in the build volume. As already mentioned, design flexibility associated with AM is much more when compared to the conventional manufacturing process. However, to correctly implement the design flexibility, we need a knowledge base at our disposal so that appropriate features can be used for the part production. The AM feature taxonomy forms the backbone of the knowledge base. The taxonomy comprises AM features classified based on different categories, which helps us understand every feature's importance. Talking about the part placement, we know that optimal placement is the key factor that makes the AM process economically feasible.
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Bal, Alperen, and Sule Itir Satoglu. "Mathematical Optimization Models for the Maintenance Policies in Production Systems." In Handbook of Research on Applied Optimization Methodologies in Manufacturing Systems, 252–68. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2944-6.ch012.
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This chapter initially presents a brief information about production systems. At these systems, different types of maintenance policies are developed to cope with wear out failures. Mainly used maintenance policies can be classified as corrective, preventive, and condition-based maintenance. In the corrective maintenance, repair or replacement is applied whenever components of the machine breakdown. In the preventive maintenance approach maintenance activities are applied to the critical components on a periodic basis. On the other hand, maintenance activities are applied whenever critical reliability level is reached or exceeded. These types of maintenance policies are modeled using mathematical modeling techniques such as linear programming, goal programming, dynamic programming, and simulation. A review of current literature about the mathematical models, the simulation-based optimization studies examining these maintenance policies are categorized and explained. Besides, the solution methodologies are discussed. Finally, the opportunities for future research are presented.
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Selam, Ayse Aycim, and Ercan Oztemel. "Application and Evaluation of Bee-Based Algorithms in Scheduling." In Handbook of Research on Applied Optimization Methodologies in Manufacturing Systems, 20–42. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2944-6.ch002.
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Scheduling is a vital element of manufacturing processes and requires optimal solutions under undetermined conditions. Highly dynamic and, complex scheduling problems can be classified as np-hard problems. Finding the optimal solution for multi-variable scheduling problems with polynomial computation times is extremely hard. Scheduling problems of this nature can be solved up to some degree using traditional methodologies. However, intelligent optimization tools, like BBAs, are inspired by the food foraging behavior of honey bees and capable of locating good solutions efficiently. The experiments on some benchmark problems show that BBA outperforms other methods which are used to solve scheduling problems in terms of the speed of optimization and accuracy of the results. This chapter first highlights the use of BBA and its variants for scheduling and provides a classification of scheduling problems with BBA applications. Following this, a step by step example is provided for multi-mode project scheduling problem in order to show how a BBA algorithm can be implemented.
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Rai, Chinthan, Shashank Bhanuprakash, Babak Kianian, and Jan-Eric Ståhl. "Additive Manufacturing Decision Support Systems: A Systematic Literature Review Discerning Current and Future Directions." In Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/atde220174.
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Additive manufacturing (AM) was introduced the 1980’s for rapid prototyping (RP) purposes but now AM provides complementary techniques to conventional manufacturing processes and offers advantages when components can be exacting, impossible, and too costly to be produced by conventional methods due to complex structures and geometric configurations, which require tailored designs. They are also often mass-customized components, with custom-made properties and low volume production requirements making AM the ‘technology of choice’ since its added-value aspects cannot be achieved by any other manufacturing technologies. These advancements in manufacturing, demand standardized fact-based decision support systems (DSSs), to support AM practitioners in their task selecting the most suitable techniques for given applications. Hence, this paper aims to increase the understanding of what – of how – DSSs are used in selecting and utilizing AM in various applications. This paper’s core message, considering practical implications, is to guide and support AM researchers with an overview of the DSSs for AM landscape. This paper presents and compares different models and tools classified within four categories used as DSS for AM and identifies their advantages and disadvantages by conducting a 3-step systematic literature review (SLR). A total of 388 literatures were initially retrieved, and according to an inclusion criteria analysis, the literatures were evaluated. This is the first SLR emphasizing and synthesizing obtainable literatures on AM DSS. Until now, this topic has acquired narrow exploration; however, the authors believe it is of rapidly growing importance to both scientists and practitioners.
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Daniel, I. Randolph, and Michael Wisenbaker. "Settlement Systems and Technology: A Summary Model." In Harney Flats. University Press of Florida, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9781683400226.003.0009.
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This chapter summarizes the preceding analyses by looking at the relationship between hunter-gatherer settlement systems and technology. Situated on a ridge slope overlooking the large inland basin of Harney Flats, the site is topographically well positioned to serve as a residential base providing a vantage point to observe animals in the basin, provide access to water, and obtain nearby suitable toolstone. Indeed, the site assemblage has been influenced by the readily available quantities of knappable chert. Manufacturing different tool types is seen as a principal activity at the site, and inferences are made with regard to the overall roles of these tools within the settlement system. With respect to technological organization, distinctions are made between expedient tools (manufactured for short-term use on-site) and curated tools (manufactured for long-term use elsewhere in the settlement system). Other items such as hammerstones, cores, and abraders were likely stored at the site awaiting reuse.
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McElroy, Michael B. "Power from the Sun Abundant But Expensive." In Energy and Climate. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190490331.003.0015.
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As discussed in the preceding chapter, wind resources available from nonforested, nonurban, land-based environments in the United States are more than sufficient to meet present and projected future US demand for electricity. Wind resources are comparably abundant elsewhere. As indicated in Table 10.2, a combination of onshore and offshore wind could accommodate prospective demand for electricity for all of the countries classified as top- 10 emitters of CO2. Solar energy reaching the Earth’s surface averages about 200 W m– 2 (Fig. 4.1). If this power source could be converted to electricity with an efficiency of 20%, as little as 0.1% of the land area of the United States (3% of the area of Arizona) could supply the bulk of US demand for electricity. As discussed later in this chapter, the potential source of power from the sun is significant even for sun- deprived countries such as Germany. Wind and solar energy provide potentially complementary sources of electricity in the sense that when the supply from one is low, there is a good chance that it may be offset by a higher contribution from the other. Winds blow strongest typically at night and in winter. The potential supply of energy from the sun, in contrast, is highest during the day and in summer. The source from the sun is better matched thus than wind to respond to the seasonal pattern of demand for electricity, at least for the United States (as indicated in Fig. 10.5).There are two approaches available to convert energy from the sun to electricity. The first involves using photovoltaic (PV) cells, devices in which absorption of radiation results directly in production of electricity. The second is less direct. It requires solar energy to be captured and deployed first to produce heat, with the heat used subsequently to generate steam, the steam applied then to drive a turbine. The sequence in this case is similar to that used to generate electricity in conventional coal, oil, natural gas, and nuclear- powered systems. The difference is that the energy source is light from the sun rather than a carbon- based fossil fuel or fissionable uranium.
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Kumar Singh, Mukesh. "Textiles Functionalization - A Review of Materials, Processes, and Assessment." In Textiles for Functional Applications [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96936.
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Conventionally, textiles are known to cover up the human skin, but by scientific administration, clothing can be extended to serve other human skins’ functions. Accepting the chemical and dermatological complexity of human skin, the effect of humidity, microbes, pH, temperature, and wind can be engineered by wrapping it by functional clothing. In this regard, the latest class of textile material has been added called functional textiles. Such clothing materials consist of the potential of delivering more than one functionality apart from its primary function to coverups the human body. This present chapter offers state-of-the-art viewpoints on the application of functional textiles, including assorted concerns. First, the skin responds to various environmental stimuli and then overviews various techniques to incorporate functionalities in textiles. Finally, the applications and future scope and possibilities of research in this field are included in this chapter. Miniaturisation to small micro to nanometre scale is registered as one of the most exciting meadows in engineering and science over the past few decades. This drift also grasps colossal potential to functionalise the textiles. Various techniques are available now to develop a thin uniform film of functional materials on clothing surface to offer extra functionalities hitherto unrevealed to textile processors. These technologies are based on layer-by-layer assembling, immobilisation of enzymes on textile surfaces, nanocoating of textile substances, plasma for nanoscale modifications, and loading of various functional biomaterials micro and nanoencapsulation by minimum influence on breathability, feel, handle, and strength. The manufacturing of functional textiles can be classified into two groups. One is to functionalise the fibre by adding dope additives, modifying the fibre forming polymer, and then converting it to clothing. The fibre surface is also functionalised by adding some resins on the fibre surface. The other is to modify the textile surfaces by functional biomaterials, resins, finishes.
Conference papers on the topic "Other manufacturing not elsewhere classified"
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Atiqullah, Mir M., Aaron R. Cowin, Ed M. Ising, Terrance K. Kelly, and K. Ravindra. "Development of a Sophomore Manufacturing Laboratory Course to Streamline the Manufacturing Education Within Mechanical Engineering Curriculum." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-61935.
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A basic shop course was typical in the early days of mechanical engineering studies. However, in the late seventies, the shop course was dropped from the engineering curriculum in most schools for various reasons. The need for a preparatory manufacturing course became apparent after recognizing the lack of modest shop skills exhibited by our students in design-build projects which are routinely assigned in several junior and senior level courses. The traditional manufacturing course, that all students are required to take during the senior year, requires higher-level prerequisites. In addition, being a senior level course, it provides very little opportunity for the students to utilize those skills in other courses. To address this void, a new engineering workshop course has been objectively designed and implemented for the sophomore mechanical and aerospace engineering students, beginning fall 2003. The goals of the course are to develop an appreciation for manufacturing in engineering design, prepare students for follow-up manufacturing course, and develop necessary skills for design-build projects at various levels of the curriculum. The engineering shop course is designed around nine laboratory content modules that introduce the students to the fundamentals of shop safety, measurement, and manufacturing. The present paper describes the development and implementation of the course. The effectiveness of the course in meeting the goals is also assessed through surveys conducted both before and after the course is completed. Long-term success will be measured in the future by a survey of graduating seniors to assess the effectiveness of the engineering shop course in the students’ ability to successfully complete design-build projects assigned in other courses. The modular design would allow this course to be adapted for achieving similar objectives elsewhere.
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Zhao, Jie, Yongxiang Hu, and Zhenqiang Yao. "Laser Induced Forward Transfer: Topography Dependence of Laser Fluence and Thickness for Titanium Film." In ASME 2018 13th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2018-6587.
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Compared with other metals, titanium has a wide range of applications in laser induced forward transfer (LIFT) due to its unique properties of low thermal conductivity and high melting point. In general, the titanium film is used as a sacrificial layer or transferred material in LIFT with different laser fluence. In this study, four different topography types are classified under the laser irradiation of ultraviolet nanosecond pulses. For Ti films with different thicknesses, probability distribution of these types is provided to demonstrate how topographies evolve with the increasing laser fluence. Through the research, the understanding of the physical mechanism of titanium film would be deepened.
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Khawarizmi, Ryan M., Yang Guo, Thomas R. Bieler, and Patrick Kwon. "A Machinability Study of Coated Inserts for Turning Ti-6Al-4V." In ASME 2022 17th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2022-85632.
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Abstract Titanium (Ti) alloys are classified as difficult-to-machine materials due to low thermal conductivity, low modulus, and high chemical reactivity. In this paper, a Ti-6Al-4V alloy bar in a solution treated and aged (STA) microstructure is turned using uncoated carbide, two commercial multilayered coated carbides (Sandvik® MM1115 and MM11125), and several other advanced coated carbide tools with AlTiN, TiAlN, ZrN, BAM, and (AlCrSi/Ti)N coatings that were fabricated for this study. While coatings with increased hardness and chemical stability are expected to provide better protection against tool wear, coated inserts have not been successfully implemented in machining Ti alloys. A series of turning experiments was carried out while measuring the cutting forces using a dynamometer at three cutting speeds (61, 91, and 122 m/min), and the extent of tool wear on the inserts was assessed using Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM). Among the inserts tested, the (AlCrSi/Ti)N coated insert with a 7 μm coating thickness provided the best performance compared to other inserts, but only at the cutting speed of 61 m/min.
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Zhu, Yuxiang, Dharneedar Ravichandran, and Kenan Song. "3D Printed Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP) Tissue Scaffolds." In ASME 2022 17th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2022-85062.
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Abstract Nearly 1 in 4 women undergo surgery for pelvic organ prolapse or urinary incontinence in the US. The weakened pelvic floor, which could be caused by childbirth injury, aging, or obesity, fails to support the pelvic organs, resulting in urinary incontinence, sexual difficulties, and pelvic organ prolapse (POP). Polypropylene (PP) meshes are often used in reconstructive surgeries as a reinforcement to provide long-term, durable support. However, commercial polypropylene meshes have a risk of complications, such as pain, mesh erosion, and infection. The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has consequently re-classified the polypropylene mesh as a high-risk device. Therefore, the need for new meshes to cure POP with a rapid prototyping technique is urgent, especially for personalized medicine. Therefore, we developed a new implantable mesh using biocompatible polymers (e.g., gelatin, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), chitosan) with controlled bonding strength and tunable lifetime. Our group has leveraged additive manufacturing for porous scaffold structures beneficial for cell attachment and nutrition transmission. Our POP scaffold mesh has demonstrated high biocompatibility and controlled biodegradability. We will also leverage our manufacturing expertise and clinical partnerships to examine cell proliferation and differentiation for tissue regeneration. Our advanced manufacturing method is compatible with other materials and has potential use in layered structures for dental, heart, or bone engineering applications.
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Lee, Woo-Young, Young-Jun Jang, Takayuki Tokoroyama, Motoyuki Murashima, and Noritsugu Umehara. "The Influence of Defects in ta-C Coating Deposited by FCVA Method on Their Tribological Behavior." In JSME 2020 Conference on Leading Edge Manufacturing/Materials and Processing. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/lemp2020-8591.
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Abstract Diamond like-carbon (DLC) coatings is a form of amorphous consisting of sp2-bonded and sp3-bonded phase. Among the DLC series, DLC coatings containing a large percentage of sp3 ratio, referred as tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C) coatings, have attracted significant attention as protective coatings in various fields such as tribological applications and automobile components that demand superior durability, chemical inertness and low friction at high temperature. Particularly, the filtered cathodic vacuum arc (FCVA) technique with an energetic plasma can deposit the ta-C coating, but it has a drawback such as decreasing deposition rate and occurring macroparticles. Research on morphological and structural change of defects in ta-C coatings fabricated by FCVA is important for understanding their wear and friction behavior. In this study, the types of defects presented on a ta-C coating were classified as spike, droplet and pore with their morphology, structural and mechanical properties. The tribological behavior of the coating was characterized by ball-on-disk test using a Si3N4 ball at a testing temperature of 170 °C. In order to confirm the effect of defects in the ta-C coating on the tribological behavior, the defects in a designated area were investigated as a function of different sliding cycles. Initially, a running-in cycle is maintained until 2,000 cycles, following which a steady-state value of 0.1 is observed from sliding cycles of 2,000 to 10,000. At the end of 10,000 cycles, the wear rate of the ta-C coating is 4.3 × 10−6 mm3/Nm. Structural changes among the defects are apparent on droplet and pore after the friction test at 170 °C. The nodular defects including spikes and droplet is grinded off on top surface of that and is retained until 1,000 cycles. In steady state up to 6,000 cycles, droplet was survived, on the other hand, the spikes are almost polished from sliding.
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Yoshimura, Masataka, and Kazuhiro Izui. "Global System Optimization Using Hierarchical Genetic Algorithms Based on Decision-Making Components." In ASME 2001 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2001/dac-21075.
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Abstract The efficient, optimized manufacture of sophisticated products largely depends upon a globally optimized design and manufacturing solution. Ideally, the decision-making tools independently used within various enterprise divisions, such as design and manufacturing, should be integrated, and all decisions made should take into account the goal of global optimization of the entire system. This paper proposes an integrated global optimization technique especially suited to systems consisting of multiple divisions. Each division’s decision-making tools are transformed into components, the interrelationships of these components and other decision variables are classified, and an optimization problem is formulated based on these classifications. The obtained optimization problem is constructed from hierarchically structured decision variables, and the optimization problem is represented by hierarchical genes. Finally, to achieve a globally optimal solution, a hybrid optimization method is demonstrated, that uses a combination of hierarchical genetic algorithms in concert with the optimization methods attached to divisional decision-making components.
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Panchagnula, Jayaprakash Sharma, and Suryakumar Simhambhatla. "Additive Manufacturing of Complex Shapes Through Weld-Deposition and Feature Based Slicing." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-51583.
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Fabricating fully dense and functional metallic components is one of the important challenges in Additive Manufacturing (AM). Additive Manufacturing is a technology in which functional components can be fabricated rapidly and efficiently from their CAD models. It is also referred as Layered Manufacturing (LM) as the object is created by slicing the CAD model into layers and realizing each layer at a time. These layers are thin and stacked or glued together to get the physical shape of the CAD model. However, realizing overhanging features is a difficult task due to deficiency of support mechanism for metals. A separate support structure has to be deposited to build overhanging structures. Although, use of a distinct support material is quite common in non-metallic AM processes, such as Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM), and the same for metals is not yet available. The various techniques in AM process for fabricating metal parts can be mainly classified as laser based, electron beam based and arc based processes. While some Additive Manufacturing processes like Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) employ easily-breakable-scaffolds made of same material to realize the overhanging features, the same approach cannot be extended to deposition processes like laser or arc based direct energy deposition processes. Even though it is possible to realize small overhangs by exploiting the inherent overhanging capability of the process or by blinding some small features like holes, the same cannot be extended for more complex geometries. A different approach to solve this problem is feature based slicing. Unlike uniform and adaptive slicing techniques, where the thickness of a given slice is constant, in feature based slicing inclined slicing; the thickness varies even within a given slice, based on its feature. The current work presents a novel approach for realizing complex overhanging features without the need of support structures. This can be possible by using higher axis kinematics or by adding extra degrees of mobility to the work piece or to the deposition system and suitably aligning the overhang with the deposition direction. Some Vital concepts required in realizing and depositing overhangs are feature based non-uniform slicing and non-uniform area-filling and the same are briefly discussed here. This research will summarize the issues and related approaches in the research, development, and integration. This includes understanding of the weld deposition process by establishing proper geometries, and automated process planning. This technique can be used to fabricate or repair fully dense and functional components for various engineering applications. Although this approach has been implemented for weld-deposition based system, the same can be extended to any other direct energy deposition processes also.
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Marchenko, Nataliya. "Navigation in the Russian Arctic: Sea Ice Caused Difficulties and Accidents." In ASME 2013 32nd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2013-10546.
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The 5 Russian Arctic Seas have common features, but differ significantly from each other in the sea ice regime and navigation specifics. Navigation in the Arctic is a big challenge, especially during the winter season. However, it is necessary, due to limited natural resources elsewhere on Earth that may be easier for exploitation. Therefore sea ice is an important issue for future development. We foresee that the Arctic may become ice free in summer as a result of global warming and even light yachts will be able to pass through the Eastern Passage. There have been several such examples in the last years. But sea ice is an inherent feature of Arctic Seas in winter, it is permanently immanent for the Central Arctic Basin. That is why it is important to get appropriate knowledge about sea ice properties and operations in ice conditions. Four seas, the Kara, Laptev, East Siberian, and Chukchi have been examined in the book “Russian Arctic Seas. Navigation Condition and Accidents”, Marchenko, 2012 [1]. The book is devoted to the eastern sector of the Arctic, with a description of the seas and accidents caused by heavy ice conditions. The traditional physical-geographical characteristics, information about the navigation conditions and the main sea routes and reports on accidents that occurred in the 20th century have reviewed. An additional investigation has been performed for more recent accidents and for the Barents Sea. Considerable attention has been paid to problems associated with sea ice caused by the present development of the Arctic. Sea ice can significantly affect shipping, drilling, and the construction and operation of platforms and handling terminals. Sea ice is present in the main part of the east Arctic Sea most of the year. The Barents Sea, which is strongly influenced and warmed by the North Atlantic Current, has a natural environment that is dramatically different from those of the other Arctic seas. The main difficulties with the Barents Sea are produced by icing and storms and in the north icebergs. The ice jet is the most dangerous phenomenon in the main straits along the Northern Sea Route and in Chukchi Seas. The accidents in the Arctic Sea have been classified, described and connected with weather and ice conditions. Behaviour of the crew is taken into consideration. The following types of the ice-induced accidents are distinguished: forced drift, forced overwintering, shipwreck, and serious damage to the hull in which the crew, sometimes with the help of other crews, could still save the ship. The main reasons for shipwrecks and damages are hits of ice floes (often in rather calm ice conditions), ice nipping (compression) and drift. Such investigation is important for safety in the Arctic.
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Machado, José, Nicolás Lori, Ana Cecilia Coimbra, Filipe Miranda, and António Abelha. "Medical Diagnosis Classification Using WEKA." In Human Interaction and Emerging Technologies (IHIET-AI 2022) Artificial Intelligence and Future Applications. AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100880.
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The use of data mining techniques is not new—commonly it is used in various other industries, such as financial services, marketing and manufacturing. The main goal of data mining is to find patterns in a large dataset that yield insight and expertise. Thus, in terms of healthcare, data mining methods have a wide range of uses, including diagnosing cancers, pattern recognition and prognosticating patient health outcomes. Each patient's diagnosis at the University of Porto Hospital (Centro Hospitalar Universitário Universitário do Porto) has an ICD-10-CM code. This data can be used to build a predictive model to classify diagnosis using secondary diagnosis. Three datasets were then created to be tested using data mining techniques. As a result, the algorithm that had the best performance was the Random Tree (99.8% corrected classified instances) using the third dataset with the five main diagnoses of each patient as parameters.
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Lee, K. S., Y. F. Zhang, J. Y. H. Fuh, X. G. Ye, Z. Li, and A. Y. C. Nee. "Development of a Knowledge-Based 3D CAD System for Plastic Injection Mold Design." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-1100.
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Abstract This paper discusses the methodology in developing a 3D CAD system for injection mold. There are hundreds of parts in a set of mold, these parts can be classified and managed by an assembly method. The assembly tree structure can be looked upon as a reverse tree, each branch represents a sub-assembly tree structure, and leaves are part files. The parts are created by parametric geometrical model, parameters are used to control part size. A linkage between geometrical model and part database was built up to load the standard parts automatically. Associations are created among these parts by referring parameters with each other. A version management method is discussed to keep design status and restore to previous design as necessary. Mold design specification functions such as parting, cooling, mold base, insert creation are also provided to designers. A knowledge-based 3D CAD system is currently being used in the local mold design and manufacturing companies.