Journal articles on the topic 'Other environmental engineering and related engineering'
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1
Khuchunaev, B. M., A. A. Tashilova, L. A. Kesheva, and N. V. Teunova. "Results of carrying out engineering and environmental surveys at design of small hydroelectric power station." E3S Web of Conferences 138 (2019): 01025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913801025.
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Engineering and environmental surveys are one of types of the main engineering researches which are carried out for ecological justification of construction and other economic activity for the purpose of prevention, decrease or elimination of adverse environmental and related social, economic and other effects and also preservation of optimal conditions of life of the population. The purpose of engineering and environmental surveys is obtaining sufficient data on the existing state of environment around arrangement of a construction object (reconstruction). An object of research is the condition of the surrounding environment around placement of Verkhnebalkarskaya small hydroelectric power station.
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Popov, Vladimir, Natalya Klycheva, Julia Bolandova, Eugene Asmankin, and Philipp Sukhov. "Environmental and digital competencies in the education of engineering specialists." E3S Web of Conferences 296 (2021): 08019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129608019.
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The article discusses the acquisition of environmental and related digital competencies in the training of engineering specialists of different levels. Provides data on current trends in education. The approaches to basic, universal and general technical competencies, and their relationship with digital competencies are considered. When working with expert opinions, the necessary, in the opinion of the expert community, environmental and digital competencies that are relevant in modern conditions are identified. Based on these results, changes were proposed to the work program for the discipline related to ensuring environmental safety on the one hand and digital competencies on the other. Based on a review of modern approaches, a survey of experts and work with new generation work programs, conclusions were drawn about the advisability of continuing research in this direction, as well as the implementation of digital competencies in the field of environmental education.
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Ekeocha, Rowland Jerry Okechukwu. "The Involvement of Law in Engineering Profession." International Journal of Recent Contributions from Engineering, Science & IT (iJES) 6, no. 2 (August 29, 2018): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijes.v6i2.8837.
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<p><span lang="EN-GB"><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: medium;">Engineering law explains the interaction of law with industry. Engineering activities have some adverse effects on the environment through industrial wastes, gaseous emission air pollution and other forms of environmental degradation. There is the need to regulate harmful activities to the environment because of their adverse effect even though nature provides regeneration and maintenance of steady state conditions through the existence of a 2.7k background temperature space for heat rejection to close heat balance and the oceans which accept continental runoffs to close material balances of cyclic process. Environmental control therefore seeks to conserve natural energy and mineral resources by subduing and utilizing nature`s ecological cycles to serve the needs of humanity. Environmental control also seeks to replenish depletable fuel supplies with clean and abundant forms of gravitational solar and nuclear energy. In addition, environmental control seeks to conserve land and water runoffs, occurring naturally in the hydrological cycle. Engineering law and related laws contain provision that lead to the realization of the objectives of environmental control. This work discusses in one swoop environmental control measures and the interaction of law with industry in relation to engineering activities/practices. The greatest engineering progress is achieved through the effective control of environmental/engineering activities to derive optimum benefits for humanity. </span></span></p>
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Rosik-Dulewska, Czesława, and Rajmund Michalski. "Thirty-seven years of archives of environmental protection." Archives of Environmental Protection 38, no. 3 (November 1, 2012): 3–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10265-012-0023-7.
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Abstract Archives of Environmental Protection is the oldest Polish scientifi c journal regarding environmental engineering and protection. It has been published by the Institute of Environmental Engineering of PAS in Zabrze since 1975. The Committee on Environmental Engineering of PAS became its co-publisher in 2011. The quarterly publishes original articles (earlier, also announcements) concerning broadly understood areas of the environmental engineering and protection. The subjects include: air, land and water protection; technologies of fl ue gases, soil and wastewater treatment; transformations and transportation of pollutants in the environment; measurement techniques used in research and engineering as well as environmental monitoring. The published articles also focus on the reclamation and management of derelict lands, environmental management and other questions related to the environmental engineering and protection. The journal has been abstracted by Thomson Scientific since 2006 in the following databases: Science Citation Index Expanded, Biological Abstracts and BIOSIS Previews. Moreover, the journal was given the impact factor (IF) in 2010. The following article presents statistical data as well as a brief history and description of the journal.
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Shi, Jingying, Xuefei Zhao, and Can Li. "Surface Passivation Engineering for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting." Catalysts 13, no. 2 (January 17, 2023): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal13020217.
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Surface passivation engineering is an imperative way to improve photoelectrode performance for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. To the best of our knowledge, it has never been systematically reviewed in a feature article. In this review, we summarize various passivation materials and their preparation, characterizations by PEC measurements and some related spectral technologies. We highlight the features of the passivation effect that separate it from other modifications, such as cocatalyst decoration, and we demonstrate significant progress in combining surface passivation engineering with other interfacial modification strategies for the rational design of photoelectrodes. Ideas for future research on surface passivation modification for improving the performance of photoelectrodes are also proposed.
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Wang, Chuan. "Research on Efficiency of Engineering Cost Consulting Industry in China Based-on DEA Model." Advanced Materials Research 791-793 (September 2013): 2166–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.791-793.2166.
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Based on giving the scientific definition of efficiency of engineering cost consulting industry ,this paper gives an empirical analysis on efficiency of engineering cost consulting industry in China by using DEA(Data Envelopment analysis) model. The main results are as follows: on one hand, the efficiency of engineering cost consulting industry in China is affected by environmental variables significantly and other factors, such as local economical-level and perfection in policy, have a positive influence on this industry. On the other hand, after excluding the environmental variables and random statistical factors, the industrial concentration and scale efficiency in all regions were low .As the regional analysis shows, the east region is best, the middle region is second and the west is the lowest. To promote the efficiency of the whole industry in China, related suggestions are given.
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Gernego, Iuliia, Liudmyla Petrenko, and Mykhailo Dyba. "Potential of environmental responsibility and financial potential of innovative mechanical engineering enterprises in Ukraine." E3S Web of Conferences 280 (2021): 09020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128009020.
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In the era of sustainable economy, the environmental responsible companies provide an important background both for particular industry and national economy competitiveness. In particular, mechanical engineering plays an important role in the economy of Ukraine. In accordance with national statistic, the Ukrainian mechanical engineering provides 6.4 % in total volume of industrial products and ~4 % of the gross value added in the GDP of Ukraine. At the same time, the global mechanical engineering industry environmental friendly activity is related to SDG 9 and SDG 12. In March 2020, the Cabinet of Ministers adopted its Programme, reaffirming the commitment to the SDGs and their importance for Ukrainian economy development. Thereby, research problem lays upon the financial potential of innovative mechanical engineering enterprises in Ukraine providing the background to increase the potential of their environmental responsibility. The paper aims to provide scientific support on mechanical engineering industry representatives that tend to be environmental friendly. The research methodology is based on Ukrainian mechanical engineering enterprises data (5 years and 337 industry representatives) processed by statistical analysis. The financial and environmental indicators are represented in results section on the basis for six groups of mechanical engineering enterprises’ analysis, namely: big unstable – 16; big stable – 17; medium unstable – 44; medium stable - 26; small unstable – 188; small stable – 46. Thus, the environmental dimension is increasingly taken into account by Ukrainian innovative mechanical engineering enterprises to be competitive. Big and medium stable enterprises are organizationally oriented to be environmentally sustainable. The main disadvantage of big and medium unstable enterprises is lack of financial resources for achieving sustainable goals. Small enterprises are lack of general capacity to conduct environmental support policy, but they are the most flexible ones that provide advantages in environmental management. The study results can be used within industrial and business programs of environmental responsible activity and its financial support. In relation to other branches or countries, more extensive study is required.
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Yousef, Ahmed, and Haj Bordosen. "Engineering Programs and Social Sciences at Sultan Qaboos University: Presentation of Experience and Trends." Journal of Arts and Social Sciences [JASS] 7, no. 3 (December 1, 2016): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jass.vol7iss3pp79-90.
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The engineering programs at Sultan Qaboos University are designed to include a number of courses related to humanities and social sciences. This will enrich the interdisciplinarity required for engineering programs from both theoretical and practical aspects. This trend has become more significant after ABET accreditation of all College of Engineering programs in the last few years. However, like any new deployment of such interdisciplinarity, few challenges were encountered and a number of solutions successfully adopted. This fact is natural for engineering disciplines that have strong ties with rapidly evolving industrial environments. The currently growing interaction between engineering and social sciences will certainly result in the emergence of new fields in educational programs and scientific research that will strongly serve the modern society. Within this spirit, the paper will present and discuss a number of interdisciplinary models that are part of SQU engineering programs, emerging in a similar trend as in most engineering programs in renowned universities. For instance, the final year project, which is a key element of the engineering curriculum, commonly linked to industry, requires constraints related to social, ethical, economical, health, environmental and political impacts on the final project outcome. The curricula of college of engineering contain six compulsory credits and six other elective credits related to humanities and social sciences that are selected from a list of more than 67 courses.
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Ezugwu, Charles, Kelechi Onyekweredike, Adegboyega Odumade, Chisom Ezugwu, Stephen Ifionu, Amodu Oloyede, and Okechukwu Omunakwe. "A Review on Dam Engineering Practice and Sustainability in Nigeria." Jurnal Kejuruteraan 34, no. 5 (September 30, 2022): 777–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2022-34(5)-03.
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This study focuses on dam structures in Nigeria, its availability, features, usefulness, benefits and costs, functionality and sustainability. The gap found in World Commission on Dams (WCD) Report on Dam Development being inability to proffer solutions to problems encountered by the downstream population was highlighted and discussed also. The procedure for this research work involved use of journals, books and other related literature. It was observed that many dam projects in Nigeria are lacking in areas of feasibility studies, design and construction procedure, operation and maintenance, which resulted to dam related problems like flooding and sometimes collapse of some dams. Downstream population rather than reaping abundant dam benefits record costs since their means of livelihood is hampered, affecting their social, environmental and economic well-being. This study observed that Nigeria has large, medium and small dams which are also single and multipurpose. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is recommended for each dam project and a committee should be set-up to monitor its implementation to the later, from inception to end of the project for its sustainability. This paper recommends fresh attention to dam impacts on upstream and downstream population to enable them benefit immensely from these river valley projects.
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Leung, S. W. "Case study: a decade of changes in a small environmental engineering graduate program." Water Science and Technology 49, no. 8 (April 1, 2004): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0506.
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For a small graduate program in environmental engineering in a rural state in the US, it is important for the program curriculum to stay in the mainstream. While resident student enrollment is approaching a steady level, international student enrollment increases steadily, this is due in part to the out-of-state tuition waiver provided to the students. Part-time students are a significant part of the program, these students have special needs that are different from traditional full-time students that must be taken into consideration in program planning. A small program provides an attentive atmosphere for students’ learning, but it also has problems that a larger program would not encounter, such as competitiveness, personal conflicts, program identity, etc. Despite success in the past, the program is likely to merge with other related programs in the university during times of budget restrictions.
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Ye, Dekai, Xiaolei Zuo, and Chunhai Fan. "DNA Nanotechnology-Enabled Interfacial Engineering for Biosensor Development." Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry 11, no. 1 (June 12, 2018): 171–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anchem-061417-010007.
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Biosensors represent biomimetic analytical tools for addressing increasing needs in medical diagnosis, environmental monitoring, security, and biodefense. Nevertheless, widespread real-world applications of biosensors remain challenging due to limitations of performance, including sensitivity, specificity, speed, and reproducibility. In this review, we present a DNA nanotechnology-enabled interfacial engineering approach for improving the performance of biosensors. We first introduce the main challenges of the biosensing interfaces, especially under the context of controlling the DNA interfacial assembly. We then summarize recent progress in DNA nanotechnology and efforts to harness DNA nanostructures to engineer various biological interfaces, with a particular focus on the use of framework nucleic acids. We also discuss the implementation of biosensors to detect physiologically relevant nucleic acids, proteins, small molecules, ions, and other biomarkers. This review highlights promising applications of DNA nanotechnology in interfacial engineering for biosensors and related areas.
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Kamphuis, William J. "COASTAL ENGINEERING, COASTAL RESEARCH, UNIVERSITIES AND CLIMATE CHANGE." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.risk.88.
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Coastal Engineering was new in 1950/1960 and at first, it was all about solving urgent coastal problems. There were no recipes, no formulas, no models; nor was there much experience at that time. Inventiveness and ingenuity were the key design ingredients. Coastal Engineering is a broad subject that is concerned with the interaction between the water and the shore. This involves fluid motion, such as waves and currents and its interaction with a shore that can be anything from sandy beaches to marshlands to highly engineered shorelines, such as found in centers with dense populations. It involves complex hydraulics and fluid mechanics principles on the one hand and complex design criteria on the other hand. It also involves detailed knowledge of the environmental systems where the projects are located. Thus, one obvious need for Coastal Engineering analysis and design is individuals with broad knowledge, interests and background. Such individuals need access to and communication with colleagues in related technical and scientific areas. As a result, much of the early coastal engineering was done at universities.
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Liu, Liwei, and Yinlong Zhang. "The Research on Wetland Ecological Engineering Database Based on 3S Technology." Open Civil Engineering Journal 9, no. 1 (October 29, 2015): 979–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874149501509010979.
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Wetlands are important to the survival of the earth environment and ecosystems, along with the extent of the ecological study of regional governance continues to accelerate, the regulators have implemented various ecological management project management process kinds of data and information related to the increasing range. The traditional data management model is difficult to meet the current needs of engineering data management; On the other hand, the study area of wetland ecological management is a very large and complex systems engineering, the development of ecological planning for the study area, researchers need to master the ecological evolution and resource development data for the study area have a comprehensive understanding of the historical evolution. Therefore, the establishment of research and development based on 3S technology which research regional ecological engineering design data management needs of ecological engineering database is very important for the planning of the regional ecological engineering, management, decision-making, assessment, analysis and dynamic monitoring to provide technical support to achieve the dynamic management of ecological engineering, comparative study of regional environmental and ecological data at different times to seek more rational governance.
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Stoto, Michael A., Charles Rothwell, Maureen Lichtveld, and Matthew K. Wynia. "A National Framework to Improve Mortality, Morbidity, and Disparities Data for COVID-19 and Other Large-Scale Disasters." American Journal of Public Health 111, S2 (July 2021): S93—S100. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2021.306334.
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Timely and accurate data on COVID-19 cases and COVID-19‒related deaths are essential for making decisions with significant health, economic, and policy implications. A new report from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine proposes a uniform national framework for data collection to more accurately quantify disaster-related deaths, injuries, and illnesses. This article describes how following the report’s recommendations could help improve the quality and timeliness of public health surveillance data during pandemics, with special attention to addressing gaps in the data necessary to understand pandemic-related health disparities.
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Krupka, A., L. Duz, M. Kraliuk, and Ye Yakovlieva. "Judicial engineering and mechanical examination: practiceological approach." National Technical University of Ukraine Journal. Political science. Sociology. Law, no. 3(47) (January 29, 2021): 80–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/2308-5053.2020.3(47).229484.
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The purpose of the article is to study and develop theoretical and methodological principles of forensic engineering and mechanical expertise, recommendations with the use of special knowledge in criminal and civil proceedings to prevent, detect, investigate and consider crimes related to the operation of machines, mechanisms, equipment and improvement of its methodology, substantiation and formulation of recommendations on legal assessment of results and increase of efficiency of use of conclusions of forensic examination in the course of proving. The methodological basis of the study are the laws and categories of the theory of cognition, in particular the provisions of materialist dialectics, which contributed to the realization of the purpose and tasks, subject, object, research issues in the context of interdependence of achievements and needs of practice. At the same time, the methods of formal logic (analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, analogy, abstraction) made it possible to understand in more detail the content of the studied questions, the essence of the studied categories and phenomena was clarified by the system-structural method. The Ministry of Justice of Ukraine has created a new type (subtype) of forensic examination: “Mechanical Engineering” and forensic specialty 10.25 “Study of the technical condition and operating conditions of machines and mechanisms”, so the article formulates the basic concepts of forensic mechanical examination, namely : the basic questions which are solved by judicial engineering and mechanical examination are defined; tasks, subject, object, questions that give the opportunity to understand the essence and content of the expert activity of these studies; the tasks of a specific examination are distinguished from the tasks of other related types of examinations in this area. Complex problems facing the investigation / court determine the expediency of dealing with a wide range of topical issues on a scientific basis, taking into account the peculiarities of the study of technical condition and operating conditions of machines, mechanisms and equipment and create a new type of forensic engineering – mechanical engineering. In order to increase the efficiency and objectivity of investigations of crimes in the operation of machines, mechanisms and equipment, courts / investigators should, as necessary, conduct forensic examinations by engineers: technologists, mechanics, power engineers, metallurgists, etc., for which it is necessary to develop approach, scientific-theoretical and practical principles of forensic engineering and mechanical expertise.
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Parkany, Emily. "Environmental Justice Issues Related to Transponder Ownership and Road Pricing." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1932, no. 1 (January 2005): 97–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105193200112.
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Electronic transponders used on toll roads often reduce delays at toll facilities and sometimes offer customers a discount in the toll. Nonetheless, many people avoid using toll roads or acquiring electronic transponders. Their reasons include a dislike for toll roads based on a belief that roads should be a public good or on infrequent use of the roadway. Obtaining a transponder requires an application process and an initial prepayment of tolls as a minimum requirement. In worst cases, applications must be mailed (rather than obtained at a distribution center, online, or through a phone call), transponder deposits are demanded, and credit cards are required for automatic replenishment of tolls. In addition to the impediment of submitting an application, at least 20% of U.S. households do not have a credit card, and 10% do not have a bank account; such households would essentially be barred from obtaining transponders from most U.S. toll authorities. This paper analyzes these barriers by presenting the costs and benefits of the various toll transponder “tags” available in the United States in addition to models of toll road corridor users. Results show that higher-income households are more likely to have transponders and to use toll roads frequently. Other demographic and trip characteristic variables have less influence on toll road frequency choices but do influence transponder acquisition. Several agencies insist on large transponder deposits and initial prepayment amounts and require payment methods that are not available to a large percentage of the U.S. population.
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Liu, Chang Qing. "Comparison of Principal Factors between China Actual Environmental Risk (CAER) and China Zero Environmental Risk (CZER): Project Angle." Advanced Materials Research 550-553 (July 2012): 2263–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.2263.
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Studies on comparison of principal factors between CAER (China Actual Environmental Risk) and CZER (China Zero Environmental Risk) from Project Angle are seldom found, so we studied the theme above in this thesis. By analysis, we have known that on one hand, there are such aspects in common as projects for resources excavation, and refinement, etc., projects for primary industries, other non-living projects, waste disposal, and general management between CAER and CZER. On the other hand, they are different in such aspects as chemical engineering projects and living projects only for CAER, and energy projects and public construction projects only for CZER. And our related advice is as follows: first, strict management on production of waste from such projects as public construction projects, resources excavation and refinement, natural resources, projects for primary industries, and other non-living projects. Secondly great encouragement to environment-friendly technological innovations in waste disposal, etc..
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Bera, József. "Safety Versus Modern Environmental Problems." Műszaki Tudományos Közlemények 9, no. 1 (October 1, 2018): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.33894/mtk-2018.09.07.
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Abstract With the wide application of engineering technologies, environmental aspects increasingly focus attention on safety. Reducing environmental impacts also affects operational safety, and because of the adverse effect, there is a dual situation in the relationship of these two areas. On one hand, maintaining the acceptable environmental status is closely related to the secure operation of the technologies, on the other hand, by ensuring safety, the risks of the new environmental impacts shall be managed. Such risks prevent the development of a dynamically balanced environmental system. Based on the examination of both the environment uses and the operational conditions, we have reached the conclusion that we will analyse environmental risk management in the context of safety. In the first phase of the research we reviewed the relations between safety and the modern environmental problem.
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Schlotter, Jeffrey. "The Internship as a Vehicle to Identity." Practicing Anthropology 15, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 16–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.15.1.y68210p041143334.
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Since July 1986, my place of employment has been a small, for-profit consulting firm of civil engineers and urban planners called H. W. Lochner, Incorporated. Lochner was founded in the mid-1940s as a civil engineering design firm. When the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) became law in 1969, Lochner, like many other engineering firms, broadened its services to include NEPA-required environmental impact assessments of federally funded infrastructure projects. For the kind of highway projects conducted at Lochner, these impact assessments involve detailed comparisons of alternative roadway designs and locations. Such comparative evaluations are undertaken by a combination of engineers, environmental scientists, and social scientists (usually urban planners). My niche within the Lochner organization is centered around two general NEPA-related activities: impact assessment (both social and environmental) and public involvement.
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Gudmestad, O. T. "New Concepts, Environment and Model Testing." Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering 115, no. 1 (February 1, 1993): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2920091.
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With continued low oil prices, there is a need to develop low-cost production platforms for marginal and deep water. On the other hand, there is an increasing awareness related to safety and environmental aspects. These constraints call for a high degree of innovation and integrity. The scientists and engineers working in this climate cannot accept simplification and shortcuts and it is important that proper engineering, testing and design be carried out. It is appreciated that the management of operating companies acknowledge the importance of safe design to protect lives, the environment, and their investments.
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Leszczyńska-Sędłak, Marlena, and Janusz Bohatkiewicz. "Practical problems and possibilities related to the use of new Plans of Protection Tasks for Natura 2000 sites in environmental studies in the field of transport infrastructure engineering." Budownictwo i Architektura 13, no. 1 (March 11, 2014): 223–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.1942.
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The present paper deals with the basic aspects of Natura 2000 sites and explains the nature of the Plans of Protection Tasks (PZO) that are designed to protect them. The article also contains practical information on main difficulties that must be overcome by experts who develop the PZOs and illustrates how to apply correctly the contents of PZOs in preparing other environmental documentation, such as environmental impact assessment reports for transport infrastructure projects. The paper demonstrates in which manner the information contained in PZOs can be put into practical use while preparing ecological analyses and documentation performed in the field of transport infrastructure engineering.
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Sarifuddin, Norshahida, Zuraida Ahmad, Ahmad Zahirani Ahmad Azhar, Hafizah Hanim Mohd Zaki, Amelia Wong Azman, and Norhuda Hidayah Nordin. "Modeling Humanizing Education Through Newly Reviewed Materials Engineering Curriculum." IIUM Journal of Educational Studies 9, no. 3 (November 30, 2021): 63–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.31436/ijes.v9i3.409.
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In line with the current global focus on sustainability and the well-being of the planet, becoming a professional engineer nowadays requires more than simple mastery of technical skills. Considering that engineers are required to have a deep sense of responsibility not only for humankind but also for the environment, engineering education and practices must be reformed substantially to prepare engineers that will contribute to sustainable development. This necessitates updating conventional engineering programs (CEE) to incorporate Humanizing Engineering Education (HEE). Although HEE is an old practice of individual engineers and other organizations outside the academic field, it is relatively new in academic engineering. While the definition of what truly merits being considered HEE remains debatable, many engineers believe that their work involves a humanitarian aspect. To streamline the development of HEE, there is a need for developing guidelines and frameworks for a comprehensive model. Ideally, that framework should integrate humanizing pedagogy in the new curriculum design. The objective of the paper is to share the experience of the authors in designing a new curriculum for a Materials Engineering Programme (MEP) that is embedded with Humanitarian Engineering (HE), which is among the main elements of HEE. Data collection was through interviews, qualitative surveys, reports from the stakeholders, accreditation bodies and benchmarking with other Higher Learning Institutions (HLI). An extensive scholarly literature review was executed to identify shortcomings in CEE and how it could be reformed by integrating it with HEE. The Sejahtera Academic Framework (SAF); a strategic framework for academic programmes developed by the university, was used as a reference to customize MEP to better meet students’ needs. Since the proposed model applies a new emerging concept, it inevitably raises challenges related to different levels of understanding among course implementers and perceptions of external stakeholders. Moreover, the developers had to consider the limitations imposed by the university's policies and structures while acknowledging the availability of finite resources (i.e. time, money, equipment, and expertise).
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Imran, Mohd, Anis Ahmad Chaudhary, Shahzad Ahmed, Md Mottahir Alam, Afzal Khan, Nasser Zouli, Jabir Hakami, Hassan Ahmad Rudayni, and Salah-Ud-Din Khan. "Iron Oxide Nanoparticle-Based Ferro-Nanofluids for Advanced Technological Applications." Molecules 27, no. 22 (November 16, 2022): 7931. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27227931.
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Iron oxide nanoparticle (ION)-based ferro-nanofluids (FNs) have been used for different technological applications owing to their excellent magneto-rheological properties. A comprehensive overview of the current advancement of FNs based on IONs for various engineering applications is unquestionably necessary. Hence, in this review article, various important advanced technological applications of ION-based FNs concerning different engineering fields are critically summarized. The chemical engineering applications are mainly focused on mass transfer processes. Similarly, the electrical and electronics engineering applications are mainly focused on magnetic field sensors, FN-based temperature sensors and tilt sensors, microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and on-chip components, actuators, and cooling for electronic devices and photovoltaic thermal systems. On the other hand, environmental engineering applications encompass water and air purification. Moreover, mechanical engineering or magneto-rheological applications include dampers and sealings. This review article provides up-to-date information related to the technological advancements and emerging trends in ION-based FN research concerning various engineering fields, as well as discusses the challenges and future perspectives.
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Liang, Sheng, Gao Feng Pan, Shan Ping Zeng, Yong Xie, and Jun Xue. "Design and Implementation of Environmental Monitoring System Based on Bus." Advanced Materials Research 712-715 (June 2013): 1999–2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.712-715.1999.
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In order to realize the real-time environmental monitoring for shipboard TT&C antenna-centrosome, this paper designs a monitoring system based on Modbus by analyzing current conditions, which contains sensor data acquisition terminal and video switcher. The designed system has many advantages, such as less project-related work, higher cost performance, convenient installation, easy debugging and etc. Actual application shows that temperature & humidity data and video information gathered meet the requirement need completely. Techniques in this paper can be referenced in other related fields.
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Boukinda Mbadinga, Morgan L., Franck Schoefs, Valerie Quiniou-Ramus, Michel Birades, and Raymond Garretta. "Marine Growth Colonization Process in Guinea Gulf: Data Analysis." Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering 129, no. 2 (March 30, 2006): 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2355518.
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Colonization process of marine growth increasingly arouses the interest of the oil industry because engineering design or reassessment of platforms requires forecasting of biological fouling specific to the area where they are located. Numerous publications related to marine growth on installations of North Sea, Gulf of Mexico, or oil sites in other parts of the world tried to answer the need to supply more quantitative data on biological fouling. Unfortunately, there is a lack of qualitative and quantitative published data in the Gulf of Guinea, where biological fouling has a significant impact on cost of structural inspection and maintenance because of the importance of colonization due to favorable environmental parameters (warmer temperature of seawater, intense action of the waves generating a mixing of the nutritive elements, strong light, etc.). This paper is dedicated to bridge that gap and describe ecosystem dynamics of marine growth in the Gulf of Guinea. We describe patterns of development for dominant types of biofouling in the region. Analyses of evolution and related kinetics parameters are carried out to give main trends of colonization process. Predictive models of marine growth development and their statistical parameters are proposed for reassessment and engineering design.
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Petrone, A., and F. Preti. "Soil bio-engineering for risk mitigation and environmental restoration in a humid tropical area." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 6, no. 4 (July 29, 2009): 5139–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-6-5139-2009.
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Abstract. The use of soil bio-engineering techniques in developing countries is a relevant issue for disaster mitigation, environmental restoration and poverty reduction. Research on authochtonal plants suitable for this kind of works and on economic efficiency is essential for the divulgation of such techniques. The present paper is focused on this two issues related to the realization of various typologies of soil bio-engineering works in the humid tropic of Nicaragua. In the area of Río Blanco, located in the Department of Matagalpa, soil bio-engineering installations were built in several sites. The particular structures built were: drainages with live fascine mattress, a live palisade, a vegetated live crib wall for riverbank protection, a vegetative covering made of a metallic net and biotextile coupled with a live palisade made of bamboo. In order to evaluate the suitability of the various plants used in the works, monitorings were performed, one in the live palisade alongside an unpaved road and the other on the live crib wall along a riverbank, collecting survival rate and morphological parameters data. Concerning the economic efficiency we proceed to a financial analysis of the works and once the unit price was obtained, we converted the amount in EPP Dollars (Equal Purchasing Power) in order to compare the Nicaraguan context with the Italian one. Among the used species we found that Madero negro (Gliricidia sepium) and Roble macuelizo (Tabebuia rosea) are adequate for soil-bioengineering measure on slopes while Helequeme (Erythrina fusca) reported a successful behaviour only in the crib wall for riverbank protection. In the comparison of the costs in Nicaragua and in Italy, the unit price reduction for the Central American country ranges between 1.5 times (for the vegetative covering) and almost 4 times (for the fascine mattress) if it's used the EPP dollar exchange rate. Conclusions are reached with regard to hydrological-risk mitigating actions performed on a basin scale and through naturalistic (live) interventions: not only are they socially and technically attainable, even in hardship areas (by maximizing the contribution of the local labor force and minimizing the use of mechanical equipment), but they are also economically sustainable.
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Sitorus, Agustami, Devianti Devianti, and Ramayanty Bulan. "A REVIEW ON THE ENGINEERING PROPERTIES OF SOYBEAN TO SUPPORT THE TOFU AGRO-INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY DEVELOPMENT AND IMPORTANT HIGHLIGHTS." Agrointek : Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian 15, no. 3 (August 19, 2021): 921–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21107/agrointek.v15i3.10496.
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The physical and mechanical properties of the material to be processed are fundamental and continue to be a challenge for researchers to design a machine appropriately. Studies of the soybean engineering properties have not been widely highlighted and reviewed. This makes researchers and engineers of soybean processing machines still have to search through experimentation or read deeply through scientific papers before applying it. Therefore, this paper presents highlights and reviews of studies related to the measurement and modelling of soybean engineering properties. The objective is to study methodologies uses and identify future research directions to get a result in more accuracy. Several papers are searched from various search engines for scientific articles that are available online. Some keywords and a combination of keywords used in the search process are “physical properties”, “mechanical properties”, “soybean grains” and “moisture-dependent”. The results show that ten scientific papers are strictly related to the measurement and modelling of the engineering properties of soybean. In general, the documents found were in the period 1993 to 2012. The research paper investigated the engineering properties of soybean in the moisture content ranges from 6.7% (d.b.) to 49.7% (d.b.). The widely studied physical properties are diameter, surface area, roundness, the weight of 1000 soybeans, bulk density, and true density associated with moisture content. Mechanical parameters investigated include friction coefficient, angle of repose, terminal velocity, angle of internal friction, rupture force, and rupture energy. On the one hand, some of the engineering properties of soybeans that have not yet been discovered are thermal, optical, and aerodynamic properties. On the other hand, the effect of soaking and blanching on changes in the engineering properties of soybean (physical, mechanical, thermal, optical, and aerodynamic) has not been done in-depth. Besides that, most of the soybean processing agro-industry requires engineering properties of soybean to be able to design their machines more precisely. One of the agro-industries that need data on the study results of the nature of engineering with these treatments is the tofu processing industry.
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Fragoso Silva, Vanilson, and Anderson Amendoeira Namen. "Compliance with Legal and Other Requirements Related to the Environmental Licensing Processes in Companies Located in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil)." Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental 16 (February 26, 2022): e02837. http://dx.doi.org/10.24857/rgsa.v16.2837.
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Purpose: This work aims to analyse the compliance with legal and other requirements related to the environmental licensing processes in some Brazilian companies. The work also aims to assess the degree to which these companies define and execute action plans to address unmet requirements as well as their risk management. Theoretical framework: The article presents an overview of the legal questions related to the theme. In addition, a literature review was conducted on works related to the Environmental Impact Assessment Process and environmental risk management in organizations in Brazil and worldwide. Method/design/approach: Based on a qualitative-quantitative and descriptive approach, six medium and large-sized companies located in the state of Rio de Janeiro were analysed. The companies operate in the chemical, pharmaceutical, hospitality, engineering, and metallurgical segments. The following data was collected: number of legal and other applicable requirements, which were assessed, met and unmet; number of risks identified; number of action plans drawn up to mitigate risks; number of action plans overdue, completed and on time. Results and conclusion: Results indicate significant amounts of non-assessed and unmet requirements, weak identification of risks by companies and a considerable number of overdue action plans. It can be concluded that environmental control bodies did not demonstrate effectiveness in the execution of their attributions. Furthermore, the main stakeholders involved in the licensing process have not played their roles and fulfilled their responsibilities adequately. Research implications: It is believed that this work presents relevant information about the behaviour of Brazilian companies regarding their environmental licensing processes, compliance obligations and risk management. Thus, it can contribute to the reflection and proposition of initiatives that bring positive results for organizations and, especially, for the environment and society. Originality/value: Similar studies generally focus on specific companies in specific industries. The main differential of this study is its broad analysis, carried out in different segments of activity and involving companies of different sizes and levels of environmental risk.
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Armstrong, F. W., J. E. Allen, and R. M. Denning. "Fuel-related issues concerning the future of aviation." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering 211, no. 1 (January 1, 1997): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954410971532451.
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The paper discusses some major fuel-related issues which will influence the development of aviation over the next 50 years. Provided that global economic development is not halted by world- scale war or crisis, the demand for civil air transport is likely to continue to expand. The consequent rising requirement for aviation fuel is considered in relation to the projection that the total oil extraction rate from relatively accessible fields will reach a peak and then decline. The fuel options for aviation, against such a scenario, are explored. It is concluded that if the aviation demand cannot be met economically from conventional oilfield sources, supplementation by kerosene-like fuel synthesized from other feedstocks is much more likely, in the timeframe considered, than the radical step of a move to liquid hydrogen. The latter could be delayed until much later unless necessitated by constraints on carbon emissions. Other issues relating to aero-engine emissions are discussed, including the present uncertainties regarding the environmental significance of injection into the atmosphere at aircraft operating altitudes. The implications of restricting operations to the troposphere, to avoid the lower mixing rates of the stratosphere, are considered briefly.
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Cuadrado, Jesús, Mikel Zubizarreta, Eduardo Rojí, Harkaitz García, and Marcos Larrauri. "Sustainability-Related Decision Making in Industrial Buildings: An AHP Analysis." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/157129.
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Few other sectors have such a great impact on sustainability as the construction industry, in which concerns over the environmental dimension have been growing for some time. The sustainability assessment methodology presented in this paper is an AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) based on Multicriteria Decision Making (MCDM) and includes the main sustainability factors for consideration in the construction of an industrial building (environmental, economic, and social), as well as other factors that greatly influence the conceptual design of the building (employee safety, corporate image). Its simplicity is well adapted to its main objective, to serve as a sustainability-related decision making tool in industrial building projects, during the design stage. Accompanied by an economic valuation of the actions to be undertaken, this tool means that the most cost-effective solution may be selected from among the various options.
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Ganbat, Tsenguun, Heap-yih Chong, Pin-Chao Liao, and Jeremy Leroy. "Identification of critical risks in international engineering procurement construction projects of Chinese contractors from the network perspective." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 47, no. 12 (December 2020): 1359–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2019-0549.
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International engineering procurement construction (IEPC) is a complex subject interconnected with risk transfer. In-depth understanding of risks in IEPC projects is essential for effective risk management and managerial strategies. Most related studies focus on the critical risks based on the perceptions of stakeholders or their direct “contribution” to the project loss. This study aims to investigate risk interconnection in IEPC projects through social network analysis, with a focus on the critical risks, risk interactions, and risk mitigation strategies. Three approaches were employed. First, the risk register and interconnection between IEPC projects were identified through a literature review. Second, the risk register and interrelationships were investigated using a questionnaire to formulate theoretical risk-interdependent networks. Third, practical IEPC projects were analyzed using network metrics to identify mitigation strategies for the associated critical risks. From the obtained results, we concluded that controlling security and contract risks in project management can reduce the occurrence or impact of other risks. Moreover, environmental issues related to contractors are also critical in international construction projects. Investigating relationships between risks has uncovered different risk-propagation mechanics within IEPC projects, thus extending the theoretical knowledge for international construction and risk management.
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Givens, Carrie E., Dana W. Kolpin, Mark A. Borchardt, Joseph W. Duris, Thomas B. Moorman, and Susan K. Spencer. "Detection of hepatitis E virus and other livestock-related pathogens in Iowa streams." Science of The Total Environment 566-567 (October 2016): 1042–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.123.
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Rampasso, Izabela Simon, Osvaldo L. G. Quelhas, Rosley Anholon, Marcio B. Pereira, Jocimar D. A. Miranda, and Wenderson S. Alvarenga. "Engineering Education for Sustainable Development: Evaluation Criteria for Brazilian Context." Sustainability 12, no. 10 (May 12, 2020): 3947. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12103947.
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Considering the increasing importance of sustainability in future professionals’ education and the role played by engineers in society, this paper aims to analyze the key criteria that should be considered in models to evaluate the insertion level of sustainability into engineering education, considering the Brazilian context. For this, criteria reported in the literature were collected and evaluated by engineering professors. The respondents were asked to classify the criteria as “essential”, “useful, but not essential”, or “not necessary”. Data collected were analyzed through Lawshe’s method. From 15 criteria collected from the literature, 5 were not considered essential to evaluate engineering education for sustainable development (EESD), according to data analysis: C2 (establishment of global partnerships), C4 (encouraging students to volunteer through extracurricular activities), C9 (use of active learning approaches to problem solving to teach aspects related to sustainability), C10 (use of service-learning towards the local community for educational purposes) and C15 (use of sustainability concept in university installations). It was possible to verify that most of these criteria (C2, C4, C10, and C15) were not directly related to engineering curricula, being parallel activities. Regarding C9, active learning approaches can enhance attributes important for students in the context of sustainable development, but they are not goals of EESD. This research contributes to the development of evaluation models for engineering education in the Brazilian context and its findings can also be useful for studies in other countries. No similar study was found in the literature.
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Umeda, Yasushi. "Special Issue on Design and Manufacturing for Environmental Sustainability." International Journal of Automation Technology 16, no. 6 (November 5, 2022): 683. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2022.p0683.
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This is the sixth special issue on Design and Manufacturing for Environmental Sustainability. As the first special issue on this topic was issued in 2009, the topic has thirteen years of history in this journal. Environmental sustainability was recognized as important for manufacturing even at that time. This is why the special issue was started in this journal. The seriousness of this topic has been increasing not only in Europe but also in Japan and other countries. One critical trend as of late has been the way that the attitude of companies regarding this issue, including their positions on carbon neutrality, circular economy, and biodiversity, has come to determine the value of the company in the eyes of, for example, environment, society, and governance (ESG) finance. Nowadays, we cannot say sustainability or business; we should pursue businesses that contribute to sustainability. This sixth special issue includes eighteen well-written papers, with one more paper to follow. This series of special issues has focused on topics related to ecodesign, recycling, remanufacturing, low-energy and low-emission manufacturing, and circular economy. The papers in this special issue are also deeply related to these topics. As a result of the thirteen-year history of the special issue, we have been able to learn some viewpoints specific to the series in this journal. This has led this special issue to consist of four subcategories, although they are not explicitly represented in the table of contents. The first subcategory consists of seven papers, from the first paper by K. Halada et al. to the seventh paper by A. Yoshimura et al. These papers are related to design, including evaluation, business, remanufacturing, and materials. Among others, the important viewpoint common to these papers is the “flow” of product lifecycles and materials. The second category starts with the eighth paper by C. Ye et al. and ends with the eleventh paper by Y. Yamashita et al. These papers deal with manufacturing issues in the context of the environmental sustainability. For example, the eighth paper deals with the crushing of a photovoltaic panel, and the nineth paper by T. Cheng et al. deals with detecting lithium-ion battery fires, which are a serious problem for recycling plants. The application of additive manufacturing to remanufacturing discussed in the tenth paper by N. Sato et al. is also an important topic in the field of sustainable manufacturing. The third subcategory consists of three papers, from the twelfth paper by J.-C. Tu et al. to the fourteenth by A. Y. T. Panuju et al. These are related to consumer behavior. The fourth subcategory, from the fifteenth paper by M. Kojima to the last paper by S. Tajima, deals with issues related to developing countries and locality. These two topics of consumer behavior and developing countries are indispensable to the discussion of environmental sustainability, yet they are rarely discussed in engineering journals. The editor believes that no other journal deals with these four subcategories in a special issue. Most of the papers, revised and extended in response to the editor’s invitations, were originally presented at EcoDesign 2021: the 12th International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing, which was held online. The editor sincerely thanks the authors and reviewers for their devoted work in making this special issue possible. We hope that these articles will encourage further research into design and manufacturing for environmental sustainability.
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Pinheiro Melo, Sofia, Alexander Barke, Felipe Cerdas, Christian Thies, Mark Mennenga, Thomas S. Spengler, and Christoph Herrmann. "Sustainability Assessment and Engineering of Emerging Aircraft Technologies—Challenges, Methods and Tools." Sustainability 12, no. 14 (July 14, 2020): 5663. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12145663.
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Driven by concerns regarding the sustainability of aviation and the continued growth of air traffic, increasing interest is given to emerging aircraft technologies. Although new technologies, such as battery-electric propulsion systems, have the potential to minimise in-flight emissions and noise, environmental burdens are possibly shifted to other stages of the aircraft’s life cycle, and new socio-economic challenges may arise. Therefore, a life-cycle-oriented sustainability assessment is required to identify these hotspots and problem shifts and to derive recommendations for action for aircraft development at an early stage. This paper proposes a framework for the modelling and assessment of future aircraft technologies and provides an overview of the challenges and available methods and tools in this field. A structured search and screening process is used to determine which aspects of the proposed framework are already addressed in the scientific literature and in which areas research is still needed. For this purpose, a total of 66 related articles are identified and systematically analysed. Firstly, an overview of statistics of papers dealing with life-cycle-oriented analysis of conventional and emerging aircraft propulsion systems is given, classifying them according to the technologies considered, the sustainability dimensions and indicators investigated, and the assessment methods applied. Secondly, a detailed analysis of the articles is conducted to derive answers to the defined research questions. It illustrates that the assessment of environmental aspects of alternative fuels is a dominating research theme, while novel approaches that integrate socio-economic aspects and broaden the scope to battery-powered, fuel-cell-based, or hybrid-electric aircraft are emerging. It also provides insights by what extent future aviation technologies can contribute to more sustainable and energy-efficient aviation. The findings underline the need to harmonise existing methods into an integrated modelling and assessment approach that considers the specifics of upcoming technological developments in aviation.
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Fagone, Clelia, Margherita Santamicone, and Valentina Villa. "Architecture Engineering and Construction Industrial Framework for Circular Economy: Development of a Circular Construction Site Methodology." Sustainability 15, no. 3 (January 18, 2023): 1813. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15031813.
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All sectors have been affected by digital, economic, and demographic transitions. These will also be completely changing the paradigms of the construction industry, which is increasingly being pressured to implement strategic solutions in order to mitigate its own current environmental impact. Existing environmental standards and voluntary protocols are useful tools for reducing the environmental impact of buildings and infrastructures above all during the operation phase, but there is no consistent methodology for creating a circular and sustainable construction stage at the moment, probably because this represents a small stage in the entire life cycle of a structure; nevertheless, the construction industry impacts a lot on the environment and should be managed in a circular way. A detailed analysis of the current problem is provided, as well as a potential solution involving a transition to a circular economic model for the entire construction lifecycle, supported by innovative models and methodologies. The purpose of this article is to create a “Circular Construction Sites” (CCS) flow using circular concepts and to develop a circular methodology for construction sustainability, considering practical solutions related to materials, water, and waste management. According to the circular economy model, the circular construction site can communicate with other industrial ecosystems to promote external circularity and zero waste production. A set of potential key performance indicators (KPIs) for monitoring circularity processes is presented. Finally, a method is proposed that circularizes not only the building or infrastructure design, but also the construction phase.
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Araya, Felipe. "Integration of discrete event simulation with other modeling techniques to simulate construction engineering and management: an overview." Revista de la construcción 21, no. 2 (2022): 338–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.7764/rdlc.21.2.338.
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Although Discrete Event Simulation (DES) has been the preferred simulation technique in construction operation studies, it suffers from limitations, such as narrowed focus at the operational level. To minimize the effect of DES limitations, researchers have proposed the integration of DES with other simulation techniques, such as agent-based modeling (ABM), system dynamics (SD), and virtual environments (VE). However, limited studies have discussed whether this integration process minimizes DES’ limitations and to what extent. This study summarizes 99 journal manuscripts in the existing literature published between 2010-2020, focusing on integrating DES with ABM, SD, and VE. This study found that the integration of DES with ABM, SD, and VE addressed multiple of DES’ limitations, namely, the lack of human behaviors in process-oriented modeling, the limited strategic perspective, and challenges related to the verification and validation of DES models’ outputs. Ultimately, this study calls for future studies to evaluate the simultaneous integration of DES, ABM, and SD modeling techniques so the complexity of construction projects can be truly accounted for, as comprehensive simulation tools will require the integration of multiple methods to counterbalance their limitations.
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Arnette, Andrew, and Barry Brewer. "The influence of strategy and concurrent engineering on design for procurement." International Journal of Logistics Management 28, no. 2 (May 8, 2017): 531–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlm-03-2016-0081.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of strategy and concurrent engineering (CE) in driving design for procurement (DFP) actions and results via the role of procurement professionals in new product development (NPD). The strategies of cost leadership, differentiation, and a hybrid approach are compared, and sequential NPD is compared to a CE approach within a DFP context. Design/methodology/approach ANOVA was applied to survey data collected for a series of items capturing the activities and characteristics relating to procurement for a new product design, as well as the performance of the product compared to other design events in the firm. Findings Several major findings were supported through the analysis. Product-level strategy played a limited role, at best, in driving the implementation of procurement activities and product performance. In contrast, high CE intensity was shown to improve procurement activity and product performance. The results were analyzed along the three dimensions of sustainability, and were especially strong for both environmental and economic-focused activities and performance. Practical implications Managers should work to integrate procurement early into NPD activities, ensure procurement uses strategy to drive decisions, and can use DFP initiatives from this research to implement a DFP program. Originality/value This research is one of the first attempts to empirically test design-for (DFX) approaches in NPD. It creates one of the first theoretical frameworks for DFX-related research.
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Rampasso, Izabela S., Rosley Anholon, Dirceu Silva, Robert Eduardo Cooper Ordóñez, Osvaldo Luiz Gonçalves Quelhas, and Luis Antonio De Santa-Eulalia. "Developing in engineering students a critical analysis about sustainability in productive systems." International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education 20, no. 2 (February 4, 2019): 229–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijshe-03-2018-0048.
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PurposeThe Mechanical Engineering course at the University of Campinas is composed of different disciplines in the areas of materials, mechanical design, manufacturing (production and manufacturing), computational systems, thermal and fluids. In the manufacturing area, in particular, there is a discipline entitled Productive Systems whose main objective is to offer to the student a global vision about operations management. In the field of operations management, sustainability is gaining more and more importance; thus, it is important to develop in the students a critical sense about social and environmental aspects. Thus, this paper aims to present the main initiatives developed in the discipline to promote sustainability in engineering students.Design/methodology/approachSince 2015, the professors responsible for the Productive Systems discipline, assisted by post-graduate students and professors from other universities, have begun to redesign the discipline, including debates, lectures, projects and other initiatives to provide a critical view concerning the traditional concepts taught. The discipline has been performed three times with this new conception. The methodology to structure this research was literature review, documental analyses of the discipline records and meetings with professors that participated in the initiatives. An Action Research approach was performed by two professors and a graduate student. The authors of this paper also compared the results with those obtained by initiatives performed at Chalmers University of Technology (Sweden).FindingsThis study allowed to reinforce some results from initiatives performed at Chalmers University of Technology (Sweden); however, some differences were identified. For example, similar to the initiatives mentioned, the professors of University of Campinas had problems with didactic books, as they loosely integrate the basic operations management concepts with sustainable development fundamentals. On the other hand, debates related to social sustainability were considered positive from the point of view of the professors and students, differing from initiatives performed at Chalmers University of Technology.Research limitations/implicationsResults come from one field study (University of Campinas) when professors of the Mechanical Engineering course try to integrate operations management concepts and sustainable development. Different results may be observed by other higher education institutions.Practical implicationsThe authors of this paper believe that the diffusion of these initiatives can stimulate other professors and researchers in the field to broaden the academic debate about the insertion of sustainability into engineering courses.Originality/valueThere are few papers presenting didactic experiences and empirical results about the integration of operations management concepts and sustainable development. Results of this paper reinforce some good practices and they also present other ones, in a way that extend the debate about educational engineering.
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Towe, Ross, Elena Zanini, David Randell, Graham Feld, and Philip Jonathan. "Efficient estimation of distributional properties of extreme seas from a hierarchical description applied to calculation of un-manning and other weather-related operational windows." Ocean Engineering 238 (October 2021): 109642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2021.109642.
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Chen, Ping-Kuo, Jordi Fortuny-Santos, Itizar Lujan, and Patxi Ruiz-de-Arbulo-López. "Sustainable manufacturing: Exploring antecedents and influence of Total Productive Maintenance and lean manufacturing." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 11, no. 11 (November 2019): 168781401988973. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814019889736.
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This article explores the environment-related antecedents and the influence of Total Productive Maintenance and other lean manufacturing practices on environmental sustainability. Since practitioners point to the environmental benefits of Total Productive Maintenance, a deeper study of the relationship between Total Productive Maintenance and environmental results can contribute to sustainability in manufacturing. In consequence, a review of the literature was undertaken. It was found that (1) the environmental antecedents have not been considered, (2) there is a lack of survey-based papers in the ‘lean and green’ literature and (3) Total Productive Maintenance has not been well addressed. To fill this void in the literature, this article explores the extent to which antecedents of implementation of lean manufacturing practices and Total Productive Maintenance are based on environmental sustainability (namely, on pressure ‘to go green’ from stakeholders and on an effort to achieve environmental certification) and the influence of Total Productive Maintenance and different lean manufacturing practices on several variables related to environmental sustainability performance. The research questions are tested with data collected from over 500 international manufacturing firms. Results show an association between the perceived degree of environmental pressure – or environmental certification – and Total Productive Maintenance (as well as other lean practices). However, not every lean practice is correlated with every environmental indicator. Different lean manufacturing practices seem to have a positive impact on specific operations, but it is possible that there is a limit to the influence of Total Productive Maintenance and other lean practices on environmental sustainability.
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Prof. Loknath Mishra, Vanita Mann, Dr G. N. Tiwari,. "Study of Stress and Coping Strategies in Competitive Entrance Exams Aspirants Attending Medical and Engineering Coaching Institutes in Delhi." INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN INDUSTRY 9, no. 2 (April 3, 2021): 789–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/itii.v9i2.413.
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Aims: To study the sources of stress of the medical and engineering competitive entrance exam aspirants attending coaching institutes in Delhi. Second, to study stress coping strategies used by the medical and engineering competitive entrance exams aspirants attending coaching institutes in Delhi. Third, to suggest some more stress coping strategies to parents and teachers. Methods: The study was descriptive in nature and cross-sectional study design was used. The study was conducted in August 2019.The population of the study consisted of the students preparing for medical and engineering competitive entrance exams who attend full time coaching institutes in Delhi and also attend their school. The sample of the study was 400 students, 200 each from medical and engineering coaching institutes in Delhi. A self -designed questionnaire was used to collect data. The questionnaire consisted of two sections, the first section consisted of questions related to sources of stress and the second section comprised of questions related to stress coping strategies practice by the medical and engineering competitive entrance exam aspirants attending coaching institutes in Delhi .The questions were open ended based on 4 point Likert Scale.The questionnaire was administered to students and they were asked to fill the questionnaire. A total of 380 students out of 400 completed the questionnaire. The data was analysed using descriptive statistics. Frequency and Percentage analysis of each item of the questionnaire was done. Mean score and standard deviation of each item of the questionnaire was compiled. Findings: The study findings indicated that majority of the students reported academic (48%) and parental (39%) stressors as sources of stress. However personal (8%) and environmental stressors (5%) also contributed as the sources of stress to the medical and engineering competitive entrance exams aspirants attending coaching institutes in Delhi. The aspirants cope stress by using strategies such as practising yoga , listening music, surfing the internet , talking to like –minded people , playing outdoor games , communicating with parents and doing meditation. Some other coping strategies suggested by the researcher are practice visualization, taking calming breathe, practice progressive muscle relaxation, get organised, trying self- hypnosis. Novelty: The study investigates stress and coping strategies in competitive entrance exams aspirants attending medical and engineering coaching institutes in Delhi . It throws light on adolescent’s stress and the coping strategies used by these adolescents; hence the study contributes in providing remedies to handle stress by the parents, students and teachers. The study also provides basis to researchers for further in depth study of stress faced by students preparing for other competitive entrance exams and also to those students who do not attend coaching institutes and still aspires to prepare for competitive exams.
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Heck, Vera, Jonathan F. Donges, and Wolfgang Lucht. "Collateral transgression of planetary boundaries due to climate engineering by terrestrial carbon dioxide removal." Earth System Dynamics 7, no. 4 (October 31, 2016): 783–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esd-7-783-2016.
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Abstract. The planetary boundaries framework provides guidelines for defining thresholds in environmental variables. Their transgression is likely to result in a shift in Earth system functioning away from the relatively stable Holocene state. As the climate system is approaching critical thresholds of atmospheric carbon, several climate engineering methods are discussed, aiming at a reduction of atmospheric carbon concentrations to control the Earth's energy balance. Terrestrial carbon dioxide removal (tCDR) via afforestation or bioenergy production with carbon capture and storage are part of most climate change mitigation scenarios that limit global warming to less than 2 °C. We analyse the co-evolutionary interaction of societal interventions via tCDR and the natural dynamics of the Earth's carbon cycle. Applying a conceptual modelling framework, we analyse how the degree of anticipation of the climate problem and the intensity of tCDR efforts with the aim of staying within a "safe" level of global warming might influence the state of the Earth system with respect to other carbon-related planetary boundaries. Within the scope of our approach, we show that societal management of atmospheric carbon via tCDR can lead to a collateral transgression of the planetary boundary of land system change. Our analysis indicates that the opportunities to remain in a desirable region within carbon-related planetary boundaries only exist for a small range of anticipation levels and depend critically on the underlying emission pathway. While tCDR has the potential to ensure the Earth system's persistence within a carbon-safe operating space under low-emission pathways, it is unlikely to succeed in a business-as-usual scenario.
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Hansen, Kurt S., and Knud Ole Helgesen Pedersen. "An MSc Course Module: Wind Turbine Measurement Techniques." Wind Engineering 29, no. 2 (March 2005): 183–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/0309524054797131.
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The 2-year MSc in Wind power engineering at the Technical University of Denmark comprises modules from core engineering teaching and from other modules specifically designed to the MSc. This Note outlines the content of such a specific module on the subject of wind turbine measurement. The lectures, practical exercises and work related to measurements from an operating 500 kW turbine are described.
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Forbes, Marissa H., Susan M. Lord, Gordon D. Hoople, Diana A. Chen, and Joel Alejandro Mejia. "What Is Engineering and Who Are Engineers? Student Reflections from a Sustainability-Focused Energy Course." Sustainability 14, no. 6 (March 16, 2022): 3499. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14063499.
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In the spring of 2021, the University of San Diego’s Department of Integrated Engineering taught the course, “Integrated Approach to Energy”, the second offering of a new required course, to nine second-year engineering students. The sociotechnical course covered modern energy concepts, with an emphasis on renewable energies and sustainability, and it exposed the students to other ways of being, knowing, and doing that deviated from the dominant masculine Western White colonial discourse. Following the course completion, we interviewed five students by using a semistructured protocol to explore how they perceived of and communicated about engineers and engineering. We sought to identify the takeaways from their course exposure to sustainability and the sociotechnical paradigm, which were central to the course. The findings suggest that the students were beginning to form sociotechnical descriptions, and that they were still developing their understanding and perceptions of engineers and engineering. Moreover, we observed that they were still wrestling with how best to integrate sustainability into those perceptions. There was an a-la-carte feel to the students’ conceptualizations of sustainability as it related to engineering, as in, “you can ‘do’ sustainability with engineering, but do not have to”. We argue that engineering students likely need these pedagogical paradigms (sociotechnical engineering and sustainability) woven through the entirety of their engineering courses if they are to fully accept and integrate them into their own constructs about engineers and engineering.
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Rosca, Sebastian, Simona Riurean, Monica Leba, and Andreea Ionica. "An Educational Model of Graduation Project for Students at Automation and Computer Engineering." Journal of Digital Science, no. 1 (December 22, 2019): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.33847/2686-8296.1.1_4.
Full textAbstract:
The upcoming engineers, students at Automation and Computer Engineering, acquire, during four years of education, a tremendous theoretical information in different areas connected with their educational field of study. From solid mathematical backgrounds to electronics and automation and many other subjects become a stock of incredible useful database for future engineers. The lack of adequate practical work that allow them to connect and get aware on how to use information acquired, lead, in most of the situation, to a useless database of information. This paper presents a model of a good practice work and aims to be a useful example for students in the last year of study on how to handle and realize, starting from one idea and finishing with a working prototype, their graduation project. The example here is a low cost, handy, a real time data acquisition and duplex wireless data communication system. It consists of two modules. The first one is a glove used by an operator, equipped with an Arduino board with a gyroscope, accelerometer and full duplex communication parts that sends movements commands to a mobile robot. The mobile robot is equipped with a camera sending video streaming related to the immediate space and a network of sensors with the aim to acquire environmental data and sent them remotely to the first module.
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Xie, Yu Feng. "Hotspots of Ecological and Environmental Risk Research in China Based on Multidimensional Scaling Analysis and Cluster Analysis." Advanced Materials Research 807-809 (September 2013): 641–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.807-809.641.
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Taking the China Academic Journal Network Publishing Database as a platform, we constructed a co-word matrix with the high-frequency keywords of ecological/environmental risk related papers published on core journals. We made multidimensional scaling analysis and cluster analysis using SPSS, and discussed the status of ecological risk related research. The results show that the research hotspots can be divided into five aspects, including ecological risk assessment on heavy metals in the bottom mud, ecological risk assessment of toxic organic pollutants, regional landscape ecological risk, environmental safety accidents and risk management, and other types of ecological risk such as transgenic and biological invasion.
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Passos, João Gabriel Da Cruz, Ana Flávia Oliveira Alencar, Mariana Dos Santos Barroso, Nathalia Caroline Spineli Forzan Silva, Valdecy Rodrigo Do Nascimento, Leandro Reis Muniz, and Artur Mariano De Sousa Malafaia. "Mechanical engineering and social technology: structural design and building of a glass grinder for a recyclable materials collectors’ association." Revista Eletrônica em Gestão, Educação e Tecnologia Ambiental 24 (September 9, 2020): e51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2236117043601.
Full textAbstract:
Recycling has an important role on the reduction of environmental impacts caused by production via raw materials. Due to its importance to the recycling process, this study aimed to help the Recyclable Material Collectors’ Association of the city of São João del-Rei, Minas Gerais, proposing a glass grinder design. The viability of the machine was evaluated, and the components were sized. After these steps, a structural design was made, using concepts related to Materials Selection, Mechanics of Materials, Mechanical Design, Machine Design, Manufacturing Processes and Vibrations. Simultaneously, the process of building the structure was conducted, concerning the search for resources, adapting the theoretical design when needed, and also the documentation and training of the future users. Finally, the project showed satisfactory characteristics considering the primary objectives, and a high reproducibility. It has the potential to present positive social effects and reduce the environmental impact of glass waste. The process by which it was conducted was very simple and efficient, especially regarding the use of basic concepts and simple mathematical relations instead of complex analyses, favoring its application in other low-resource projects aiming mainly for a high safety factor.
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Baresel, C., M. Ek, H. Ejhed, A. S. Allard, J. Magnér, L. Dahlgren, K. Westling, et al. "Sustainable treatment systems for removal of pharmaceutical residues and other priority persistent substances." Water Science and Technology 79, no. 3 (February 1, 2019): 537–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2019.080.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Pharmaceutical residues and other emerging substances commonly summarised as micropollutants pass through wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and end up in the receiving waters and sludge. Many studies have investigated the removal efficiency of various techniques but a holistic evaluation of various relevant treatment alternatives regarding both the removal efficiency for various micropollutants, investment and operating costs, environmental impacts and future comprehensiveness is still lacking. This paper provides the results from a large 3-year project about the evaluation of sustainable treatment systems for removal of various micropollutants or disruptive effects at Swedish WWTPs and their environmental, economic and future sustainability. The presented results are based on our own pilot tests and related assessment and modelling efforts and provide a holistic view on advanced treatment of wastewater for removal of micropollutants.
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Guerenabarrena-Cortazar, Leire, Jon Olaskoaga-Larrauri, and Ernesto Cilleruelo-Carrasco. "Integration of Sustainability in Engineering and Architectural Studies in Spanish Universities." Sustainability 13, no. 14 (July 19, 2021): 8044. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13148044.
Full textAbstract:
The recommendations of the UN and other international bodies on the need to transform university curricula to incorporate sustainability values, content and competencies have met with a warm reception from universities all over the world. However, the actual state of the integration of sustainability in higher education is, in general, somewhat more modest than one would expect. This article proposes a method of measuring the extent of sustainability-oriented curricular change in the Spanish University as a whole and applies it to the degrees in engineering and architecture. The method entails a documentary analysis of the teaching guides related to 1050 subjects. The results obtained do not invite optimism: curricular transformation is slow and insufficient and its results are still incomplete.