Academic literature on the topic 'Other environmental engineering and related engineering'
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Journal articles on the topic "Other environmental engineering and related engineering"
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Khuchunaev, B. M., A. A. Tashilova, L. A. Kesheva, and N. V. Teunova. "Results of carrying out engineering and environmental surveys at design of small hydroelectric power station." E3S Web of Conferences 138 (2019): 01025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913801025.
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Engineering and environmental surveys are one of types of the main engineering researches which are carried out for ecological justification of construction and other economic activity for the purpose of prevention, decrease or elimination of adverse environmental and related social, economic and other effects and also preservation of optimal conditions of life of the population. The purpose of engineering and environmental surveys is obtaining sufficient data on the existing state of environment around arrangement of a construction object (reconstruction). An object of research is the condition of the surrounding environment around placement of Verkhnebalkarskaya small hydroelectric power station.
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Popov, Vladimir, Natalya Klycheva, Julia Bolandova, Eugene Asmankin, and Philipp Sukhov. "Environmental and digital competencies in the education of engineering specialists." E3S Web of Conferences 296 (2021): 08019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129608019.
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The article discusses the acquisition of environmental and related digital competencies in the training of engineering specialists of different levels. Provides data on current trends in education. The approaches to basic, universal and general technical competencies, and their relationship with digital competencies are considered. When working with expert opinions, the necessary, in the opinion of the expert community, environmental and digital competencies that are relevant in modern conditions are identified. Based on these results, changes were proposed to the work program for the discipline related to ensuring environmental safety on the one hand and digital competencies on the other. Based on a review of modern approaches, a survey of experts and work with new generation work programs, conclusions were drawn about the advisability of continuing research in this direction, as well as the implementation of digital competencies in the field of environmental education.
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Ekeocha, Rowland Jerry Okechukwu. "The Involvement of Law in Engineering Profession." International Journal of Recent Contributions from Engineering, Science & IT (iJES) 6, no. 2 (August 29, 2018): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijes.v6i2.8837.
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<p><span lang="EN-GB"><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: medium;">Engineering law explains the interaction of law with industry. Engineering activities have some adverse effects on the environment through industrial wastes, gaseous emission air pollution and other forms of environmental degradation. There is the need to regulate harmful activities to the environment because of their adverse effect even though nature provides regeneration and maintenance of steady state conditions through the existence of a 2.7k background temperature space for heat rejection to close heat balance and the oceans which accept continental runoffs to close material balances of cyclic process. Environmental control therefore seeks to conserve natural energy and mineral resources by subduing and utilizing nature`s ecological cycles to serve the needs of humanity. Environmental control also seeks to replenish depletable fuel supplies with clean and abundant forms of gravitational solar and nuclear energy. In addition, environmental control seeks to conserve land and water runoffs, occurring naturally in the hydrological cycle. Engineering law and related laws contain provision that lead to the realization of the objectives of environmental control. This work discusses in one swoop environmental control measures and the interaction of law with industry in relation to engineering activities/practices. The greatest engineering progress is achieved through the effective control of environmental/engineering activities to derive optimum benefits for humanity. </span></span></p>
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Rosik-Dulewska, Czesława, and Rajmund Michalski. "Thirty-seven years of archives of environmental protection." Archives of Environmental Protection 38, no. 3 (November 1, 2012): 3–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10265-012-0023-7.
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Abstract Archives of Environmental Protection is the oldest Polish scientifi c journal regarding environmental engineering and protection. It has been published by the Institute of Environmental Engineering of PAS in Zabrze since 1975. The Committee on Environmental Engineering of PAS became its co-publisher in 2011. The quarterly publishes original articles (earlier, also announcements) concerning broadly understood areas of the environmental engineering and protection. The subjects include: air, land and water protection; technologies of fl ue gases, soil and wastewater treatment; transformations and transportation of pollutants in the environment; measurement techniques used in research and engineering as well as environmental monitoring. The published articles also focus on the reclamation and management of derelict lands, environmental management and other questions related to the environmental engineering and protection. The journal has been abstracted by Thomson Scientific since 2006 in the following databases: Science Citation Index Expanded, Biological Abstracts and BIOSIS Previews. Moreover, the journal was given the impact factor (IF) in 2010. The following article presents statistical data as well as a brief history and description of the journal.
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Shi, Jingying, Xuefei Zhao, and Can Li. "Surface Passivation Engineering for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting." Catalysts 13, no. 2 (January 17, 2023): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal13020217.
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Surface passivation engineering is an imperative way to improve photoelectrode performance for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. To the best of our knowledge, it has never been systematically reviewed in a feature article. In this review, we summarize various passivation materials and their preparation, characterizations by PEC measurements and some related spectral technologies. We highlight the features of the passivation effect that separate it from other modifications, such as cocatalyst decoration, and we demonstrate significant progress in combining surface passivation engineering with other interfacial modification strategies for the rational design of photoelectrodes. Ideas for future research on surface passivation modification for improving the performance of photoelectrodes are also proposed.
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Wang, Chuan. "Research on Efficiency of Engineering Cost Consulting Industry in China Based-on DEA Model." Advanced Materials Research 791-793 (September 2013): 2166–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.791-793.2166.
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Based on giving the scientific definition of efficiency of engineering cost consulting industry ,this paper gives an empirical analysis on efficiency of engineering cost consulting industry in China by using DEA(Data Envelopment analysis) model. The main results are as follows: on one hand, the efficiency of engineering cost consulting industry in China is affected by environmental variables significantly and other factors, such as local economical-level and perfection in policy, have a positive influence on this industry. On the other hand, after excluding the environmental variables and random statistical factors, the industrial concentration and scale efficiency in all regions were low .As the regional analysis shows, the east region is best, the middle region is second and the west is the lowest. To promote the efficiency of the whole industry in China, related suggestions are given.
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Gernego, Iuliia, Liudmyla Petrenko, and Mykhailo Dyba. "Potential of environmental responsibility and financial potential of innovative mechanical engineering enterprises in Ukraine." E3S Web of Conferences 280 (2021): 09020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128009020.
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In the era of sustainable economy, the environmental responsible companies provide an important background both for particular industry and national economy competitiveness. In particular, mechanical engineering plays an important role in the economy of Ukraine. In accordance with national statistic, the Ukrainian mechanical engineering provides 6.4 % in total volume of industrial products and ~4 % of the gross value added in the GDP of Ukraine. At the same time, the global mechanical engineering industry environmental friendly activity is related to SDG 9 and SDG 12. In March 2020, the Cabinet of Ministers adopted its Programme, reaffirming the commitment to the SDGs and their importance for Ukrainian economy development. Thereby, research problem lays upon the financial potential of innovative mechanical engineering enterprises in Ukraine providing the background to increase the potential of their environmental responsibility. The paper aims to provide scientific support on mechanical engineering industry representatives that tend to be environmental friendly. The research methodology is based on Ukrainian mechanical engineering enterprises data (5 years and 337 industry representatives) processed by statistical analysis. The financial and environmental indicators are represented in results section on the basis for six groups of mechanical engineering enterprises’ analysis, namely: big unstable – 16; big stable – 17; medium unstable – 44; medium stable - 26; small unstable – 188; small stable – 46. Thus, the environmental dimension is increasingly taken into account by Ukrainian innovative mechanical engineering enterprises to be competitive. Big and medium stable enterprises are organizationally oriented to be environmentally sustainable. The main disadvantage of big and medium unstable enterprises is lack of financial resources for achieving sustainable goals. Small enterprises are lack of general capacity to conduct environmental support policy, but they are the most flexible ones that provide advantages in environmental management. The study results can be used within industrial and business programs of environmental responsible activity and its financial support. In relation to other branches or countries, more extensive study is required.
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Yousef, Ahmed, and Haj Bordosen. "Engineering Programs and Social Sciences at Sultan Qaboos University: Presentation of Experience and Trends." Journal of Arts and Social Sciences [JASS] 7, no. 3 (December 1, 2016): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jass.vol7iss3pp79-90.
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The engineering programs at Sultan Qaboos University are designed to include a number of courses related to humanities and social sciences. This will enrich the interdisciplinarity required for engineering programs from both theoretical and practical aspects. This trend has become more significant after ABET accreditation of all College of Engineering programs in the last few years. However, like any new deployment of such interdisciplinarity, few challenges were encountered and a number of solutions successfully adopted. This fact is natural for engineering disciplines that have strong ties with rapidly evolving industrial environments. The currently growing interaction between engineering and social sciences will certainly result in the emergence of new fields in educational programs and scientific research that will strongly serve the modern society. Within this spirit, the paper will present and discuss a number of interdisciplinary models that are part of SQU engineering programs, emerging in a similar trend as in most engineering programs in renowned universities. For instance, the final year project, which is a key element of the engineering curriculum, commonly linked to industry, requires constraints related to social, ethical, economical, health, environmental and political impacts on the final project outcome. The curricula of college of engineering contain six compulsory credits and six other elective credits related to humanities and social sciences that are selected from a list of more than 67 courses.
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Ezugwu, Charles, Kelechi Onyekweredike, Adegboyega Odumade, Chisom Ezugwu, Stephen Ifionu, Amodu Oloyede, and Okechukwu Omunakwe. "A Review on Dam Engineering Practice and Sustainability in Nigeria." Jurnal Kejuruteraan 34, no. 5 (September 30, 2022): 777–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2022-34(5)-03.
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This study focuses on dam structures in Nigeria, its availability, features, usefulness, benefits and costs, functionality and sustainability. The gap found in World Commission on Dams (WCD) Report on Dam Development being inability to proffer solutions to problems encountered by the downstream population was highlighted and discussed also. The procedure for this research work involved use of journals, books and other related literature. It was observed that many dam projects in Nigeria are lacking in areas of feasibility studies, design and construction procedure, operation and maintenance, which resulted to dam related problems like flooding and sometimes collapse of some dams. Downstream population rather than reaping abundant dam benefits record costs since their means of livelihood is hampered, affecting their social, environmental and economic well-being. This study observed that Nigeria has large, medium and small dams which are also single and multipurpose. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is recommended for each dam project and a committee should be set-up to monitor its implementation to the later, from inception to end of the project for its sustainability. This paper recommends fresh attention to dam impacts on upstream and downstream population to enable them benefit immensely from these river valley projects.
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Leung, S. W. "Case study: a decade of changes in a small environmental engineering graduate program." Water Science and Technology 49, no. 8 (April 1, 2004): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0506.
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For a small graduate program in environmental engineering in a rural state in the US, it is important for the program curriculum to stay in the mainstream. While resident student enrollment is approaching a steady level, international student enrollment increases steadily, this is due in part to the out-of-state tuition waiver provided to the students. Part-time students are a significant part of the program, these students have special needs that are different from traditional full-time students that must be taken into consideration in program planning. A small program provides an attentive atmosphere for students’ learning, but it also has problems that a larger program would not encounter, such as competitiveness, personal conflicts, program identity, etc. Despite success in the past, the program is likely to merge with other related programs in the university during times of budget restrictions.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Other environmental engineering and related engineering"
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Barlow, McKenzie Lee. "Comparative Analysis of Physiological Measurements and Environmental Metrics on Predicting Heat Stress Related Events." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2018. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1906.
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Exposure to high heat and humidity can lead to serious health risks, including heat exhaustion and heat stroke. Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) and heat index have historically been used to predict heat stress events, but individualized factors are not included in the measurement. It has been shown that there is a relationship between cardiovascular measurements and heat stress, which could be used to measure heat stress risk on an individual level. Research has been done to find relationships between cardiovascular metrics in a workplace environment, however the study did not include the use of a controlled environment as a baseline. This study provides measurements of transepidermal water loss (TEWL), heart rate, body core temperature, and blood pressure in a controlled environment when human subjects are exposed to high heat and humidity. Thirty subjects (n=17 females, 13 males) were asked to self-express their activity level (active vs. sedentary), gender, and age. The subjects performed a 30-minute moderate exercise routine on a stationary stepper machine in a heated environmental chamber (average WBGT of 26ºC). TEWL, heart rate, tympanic temperature, and blood pressure were recorded at every 10-minute increment of the exercise protocol per subject. The data was analyzed using JMP® software to find significant (P
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Liapodimitris, Dimitrios. "VESSEL FLEET OPTIMISATION FOR OFFSHORE WIND POWER MAINTENANCE." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-332005.
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Wind power has been a leading energy source in the renewable energy sector. The offshore wind power industry is rapidly growing, having the advantages of great wind resources, with minimum impact on residential areas; however, the high O&M costs add significantly to the LCOE, and present a challenge to the project developers and operators. The objective of this Thesis is to develop an optimisation method aiming to optimise the O&M vessel fleet in terms of its size and mix, and implement it into a spreadsheet-based tool. At first, a review on the available literature was conducted, in order to establish the theoretical background on the topics of maintenance, optimisation and O&M vessels, and identify the O&M strategies used in offshore wind power. The optimisation method developed focuses on the implementation of different O&M strategies,and is mainly based on the vessel contracts strategy, which aims to acquire lease contracts of various vessel types, including helicopters, available in the market to support the maintenance activities of an offshore wind farm. The model developed consists of calculation modules and introduces a 5-stage weather data filtering process for the estimation of the operational weather window, a WT components' failures forecast method, and a 2-stage optimisation process. The model was applied on a case study of a fictitious offshore wind farm, by using measured and realistic input data, in order to examine its efficacy. The model's outputs generated presented the optimal O&M vessel fleet for three different scenarios (mean, best case, and worst case), together with the optimal allocation of the failure repairs to each O&M vessel, and the corresponding O&M costs.
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Widforss, Aron. "Teaching Machines to Recognise Avalanche Conditions." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för system- och rymdteknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-86876.
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Avalanche forecasting is an iterative process, where forecasters use weather data and snow observations in addition to previous assessments to conclude what forecast to publish. This project investigates how the forecasting process could be automated, using three seasons worth of data from 23 of Norway’s avalanche forecasting regions. Three scenarios were considered, using different amounts of input parameters based on what data would be available to the model in each respective scenario. For each scenario a machine learning model was trained, and a separate naïve model was constructed. The machine learning model could only beat the naïve model in the simplest scenario, using only weather data. In the other scenarios it was found that the data representation was lacking; highly intermittent snow observation data was structured as timeseries when a more preprocessed representation may have been more fruitfulSnow Models and Automatization in Geohazard-Forecasting
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Bascunan, Daniel. "LCC-analys parametrar för underhåll av inklädda tunnlar." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-80926.
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Syftet med detta examensarbete är att undersöka och få fram underhållsparametrar för LCC-analysen (LivsCykelKostnad) av de nya inklädda tunnlarna. För arbetet har elektroniska källor använts samt intervjuer med tre yrkesverksamma från Trafikverket gällande bergtunnlar och de inklädda tunnlarna. Arbetet undersökte inte skillnaden mellan olika typer av tunnlar samt inkluderar inte utforskandet av andra länders LCC-analys parameterval. Trafikverket är en Svensk myndighet vars uppgift är att ansvara för och upprätthålla Sveriges transportsystem. Trafikverket har verksamhet inom sex områden: planering, trafik, underhåll, investering, stora projekt samt informations- och kommunikationsteknik. Huvudsakligen finns det två inklädnadssystem, fullinklädd, i vilket används antingen prefabricerad betong eller plastingjuten betong som inklädnad runt tunnel, samt halvinklädd, då en duk/membran med- eller utan sprutbetong används. Dessa inklädnadsystem har i uppgift att ta hand om vattenläckage och isbildning i tunneln. Fullinklädnad kan också användas som bärande element. En lättinklädd tunnel kan bestå av följande delar: duk/membranet, brandskydd, täckande nät, infästningsbultar och mindre delar. En fullinklädd tunnel består av antingen prefabricerad betong eller plastingjuten betong. Underhåll görs för att säkerställa den fortlöpande användningen av tunneln/anläggningen genom att åtgärda skador och fel som har uppkommit. En tunnel kan få skador på själva berget eller materialet. Underhåll av tunnlar består av flera steg. Först ut är tillståndsmätning, sedan objektplanering och sist åtgärd. En viktig del av åtgärd är trafikupphållet som uppstår när den utförs, kostnaden som uppstår påverkas av var tunneln är och hur länge det tar att åtgärda felet. LCC-analys är ett system som ger ett mått på ett objekts totalkostnad under dess hela livstid. LCC används på systemnivå för analys av tunnlarna och för att jämföra olika investeringsmetoder. För att utföra LCC-analys på systemnivå måste gränser för analysen sättas upp, LCC-modell och indata väljas. LCC-metoden som redovisas i rapporten använder investeringskostnaden och nuvärdet av underhållet- samt driftstoppskostnaden för att få fram LCC-värdet av underhållet för en komponent. Utifrån källorna och intervjuerna har det framgått att de avgörande parametrarna för LLC-analysen är följande: bergets tillstånd, materialets/konstruktionens tillstånd, kostnader för avstängning samt kostnaden för att ta ner inklädnaden.
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Widforss, Aron. "Avalanche Visualisation Using Satellite Radar." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för system- och rymdteknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-74556.
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Avalanche forecasters need precise knowledge about avalanche activity in large remote areas. Manual methods for gathering this data have scalability issues. Synthetic aperture radar satellites may provide much needed complementary data. This report describes Avanor, a system presenting change detection images of such satellite data in a web map client. Field validation suggests that the data in Avanor show at least 75 percent of the largest avalanches in Scandinavia with some small avalanches visible as well.Lavinprognosmakare är i stort behov av detaljerad data gällande lavinaktivitet i stora och avlägsna områden. Manuella metoder för observation är svåra att skala upp, och rymdbaserad syntetisk aperturradar kan tillhandahålla ett välbehövt komplement till existerande datainsamling. Den här rapporten beskriver Avanor, en mjukvaruplattform som visualiserar förändringsbilder av sådan radardata i en webbkarta. Fältvalidering visar att datan som presenteras i Avanor kan synliggöra minst 75 procent av de största lavinerna i Skandinavien och även vissa mindre laviner.
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Sandhi, Arifin. "ARSENIC REMOVAL BY PHYTOFILTRATION AND SILICON TREATMENT : A POTENTIAL SOLUTION FOR LOWERING ARSENIC CONCENTRATIONS IN FOOD CROPS." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Mark- och vattenteknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-203995.
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Use of arsenic-rich groundwater for crop irrigation can increase the arsenic (As) content in food crops and act as a carcinogen, compromising human health. Using aquatic plant based phytofiltration is a potential eco-technique for removing arsenic from water. The aquatic moss species Warnstorfia fluitans grows naturally in mining areas in northern Sweden, where high concentrations of arsenic occur in lakes and rivers. This species was selected as a model for field, climate chamber and greenhouse studies on factors governing arsenic removal and arsenic phytofiltration of irrigation water. The arsenic and silicon (Si) concentrations in soil, water and plant samples were measured by AAS (atomic absorption spectrophotometry), while arsenite and arsenate species were determined using AAS combined with high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) with an anion exchange column. The arsenic content in grains of hybrid and local aromatic rice (Oryza sativa) cultivars with differing arsenic accumulation factor (AF) values was investigated in an arsenic hotspot in Bangladesh. The results showed that arsenic AF was important in identifying arsenic-safer rice cultivars for growing in an arsenic hotspot. The study based on silicon effect on arsenic uptake in lettuce showed that arsenic accumulation in lettuce (Lactuca sativa) could be reduced by silicon addition. The aquatic moss had good phytofiltration capacity, with fast arsenic removal of up to 82% from a medium with low arsenic concentration (1 µM). Extraction analysis showed that inorganic arsenic species were firmly bound inside moss tissue. Absorption of arsenic was relatively higher than adsorption in the moss. Regarding effects of different abiotic factors, plants were stressed at low pH (pH 2.5) and arsenic removal rate was lower from the medium, while arsenic efflux occurred in arsenate-treated medium at low (12°C) and high (30°C) temperature regimes. Besides these factors, low oxygenation increased the efficiency of arsenic removal from the medium. Finally, combining W. fluitans as a phytofilter with a lettuce crop on a constructed wetland significantly reduced the arsenic content in edible parts (leaves) of lettuce. Thus W. fluitans has great potential for use as an arsenic phytofilter in temperate regions.QC 20170323
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Ngo, Phuong Linh. "Detection of in-plane orbital manoeuvres from a catalogue of geostationary objects." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Rymdteknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-81475.
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The number of man-made space objects is dramatically growing nowadays. The continuous monitoring and studying of these objects are necessary to keep their number under control and ensure safe space operations. With respect thereto, international guidelines recommend decongesting the most populated space regions from satellites arriving at the end of their operational lifetime by performing post-mission disposal strategies. In general, a satellite is considered to be functional if it is still performing periodic manoeuvres to stay within the orbital operation configuration. This study presents a promising method to detect historical in-plane manoeuvrers of satellites on a geostationary orbit (GEO). Since a manoeuvrer changes the orbital state of the spacecraft, its effect can be detected by comparing the observed data to a reference evolution. In this case, the model is represented by the dynamical model STELA based on a semi-analytical theory. The observed data is provided by the public American space object catalogue. The Two-line element (TLE) database contains the orbital state of each tracked object, however, not all six orbital parameters are interesting to study in terms of in- plane manoeuvrers. The evolution of the longitude and of the eccentricity vector is immediately affected by a manoeuvre that changes the shape or the size of an orbit. Within the longitude analysis, the manoeuvre epoch is estimated by focusing on the manoeuvre strategy. An operational spacecraft usually performs a manoeuvre as soon as the longitude motion threatens to violate the operational deadband. Consequently, the longitude evolution follows a parabolic motion. Two polynomial curves of second degree are laid over the observation: the first curve is derived from a simplified dynamical model and the second curve is directly obtained through a Least Squares (LS) fitting method. The discrepancy between the LS and physical fitted parabolas gives an indication on the quality of the input data, that is to say, of the TLEs. The detected manoeuvre epoch must be companioned by a confidential parameter that denotes the time range around the estimated epoch in which the manoeuvre is expected to have happened. The manoeuvre interval is then forwarded to the eccentricity analysis where the manoeuvrer epoch is estimated more precisely by studying the divergence between the observed and expected eccentricity vector evolution. The latter is propagated with STELA after having estimated the area-to-mass ratio that is needed in order to model the perturbation effects accurately upon which the performance of the dynamical reference model strongly depends. As soon as the observed eccentricity vector deviates significantly from the expected evolution, the epoch and the velocity ΔV of the manoeuvre can be recovered, too.
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Sigfridson, Marcus. "Skyddsinfiltrationens influensområde för en fallstudie : - modellering och osäkerheter." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Luft-, vatten och landskapslära, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-390702.
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För att uppskatta influensområdet till följd av skyddsinfiltartion finns ett antal analytiska modeller att tillämpa. Dessa modeller tar hänsyn till parametrar så som hydraulisk konduktivitet och magasinkoefficient, men de följer också med en rad antaganden som i praktiken inte kan uppfyllas. En alternativ tillvägagång för att bestämma influensområdet är därför med hjälp av numeriska modeller, som i större grad kan göras platsspecifika. Numeriska modeller är till följd av detta mer tidskrävande och behöver mer indata. I denna studie undersöktes vilken metod som är bäst lämpad för att bestämma skyddsinfiltrationens influensområden för en fallstudie i Bromstens industriområde, belägen cirka 15 km nordväst om Stockholm centrum. Två numeriska modeller med varierande underlag av platsspecifika data utvecklades över områdets geologi och grundvattenmagasin för att kunna simulera grundvattennivåer med och utan infiltration. Utöver detta beräknades influensområdet med fyra analytiska modeller. Modellerna testades sedan utifrån olika scenarion, där såväl dataupplösning som den platsspecifika kännedomen över området stegvis ökades. Platsspecifika data tillkom till följd av geotekniska undersökningar och hydrogeologiska tester. Studien ämnar även att besvara vilken data som är av störst vikt för att bestämma influensområdet med de analytiska respektive numeriska modellerna samt vilka skillnader som uppstår mellan analytiskt beräknade influensområden och numeriskt simulerade influensområden. Resultaten visar att de numeriska modellerna i huvudsak är känsligast med avseende på den hydrauliska konduktiviteten, samt att den enklare numeriska modellen är känslig för magasinkoefficienten, något som indikerar att denna modell inte uppnår jämvikt i enlighet med vad som observerats i fält. Utöver detta stod det klart att vattenavgivningstalet inte hade någon nämnvärd inverkan på resultaten. Bland de analytiska modellerna råder den största känsligheten i magasinkoefficienten, följt av konduktiviteten. För Sichardts formel, som inte tar hänsyn till magasinkoefficienten var konduktiviteten den känsligaste parametern. Akvifärens mäktighet, vilken reviderades mellan scenario 2 och 3, hade ingen betydande inverkan på de analytiska modellerna. Vidare visade infiltrationstestet på stora skillnader i skyddsinfiltrationens influensområde med avseende på de olika modellerna och dataunderlaget. Den minsta avvikelsen mätt i residualer observerades för den komplexa numeriska modellen under scenario 4, vilket motsvarar det scenario då dataunderlaget var som störst. Trots att detta scenario tillsammans med modell anses vara det dyraste fallet, anses detta vara det bästa och samtidigt mest tillförlitligt metoden för att uppskatta skyddsinfiltrationens influensområde.To evaluate the area of influence due to artificial infiltration several analytical models are available. Some of the parameters taken into account by these models are the hydraulic conductivity and storage coefficient, but with these models some assumptions, which in reality cannot be fulfilled, are made. An alternative approach to evaluate the area of influence is therefore with numerical models, which in a greater extent account for the site-specific conditions. Due to this, numerical models are more time consuming and require more input data. This project aims to investigate the most effective approaches to evaluate the area of influence due to artificial infiltration for a case study in Bromsten, located 15 kilometers northwest of Stockholm. Two numerical models, with different background data due to the extent of site knowledge, were developed to represent the site's geological settings and groundwater properties to simulate the groundwaterlevels with and without infiltration. Moreover the area of influence were calculated with four analytical models. All of the models were then applied on four different scenarios, in which the data resolution and the site knowledge increased. Site-specific data was added as a result of geological surveys and hydrogeological tests. The study also aims to answer which data is most important in order to determine the area of influence with analytical and numerical models and what differences there are between the analytical solutions compared with the numerical solutions. Among the methods investigated, constructing a more complex model with data from scenario 4, the scenario with the greatest data supply, resulted in the most reliable results and was therefore the best method and the method to choose for this case-study. Other results indicated that the numerical models first of all are sensitive to the conductivity and that the more simpel numerical model is sensitive to the storage coefficient as well. The last result shows that this model does not reach the steady state conditions as observed in field, which highlights the importance of goetechnical investigation for the numerical models. Moreover none of the numerical models were sensitive to the specific yield. Among the analytical models the storage coefficient was the most important followed by the conductivity. For one of the analytical models (Sichardts formula) the conductivity was the most sensitive parameter. The thickness of the aquifer had no significant impact on the analytical models.
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Johansson, Kling Erika. "Trafikinducerade vibrationer : En studie om busskuddars påverkan på vibrationsnivåer i mark och byggnader." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-382877.
Full textAbstract:
Trafikinducerade vibrationer: En studie om busskuddars påverkan på vibrationsnivåer i mark och byggnader. Erika Johansson Kling I Uppsala används busskuddar som en form av medveten ojämnhet i vägbanan för att sänka hastigheten och öka trafiksäkerheten på olycksdrabbade vägsträckor. Boende i bostäder belägna nära busskuddar har dock rapporterat att de ibland kan uppleva vibrationer kopplade till då tunga fordon passerar busskuddar som störande. Denna studie syftade till att kvantifiera vibrationsnivåer i mark och byggnader nära busskuddar samt utreda centrala faktorer som kan påverka vibrationsnivån och vibrationsutbredningen. Genom vibrationsmätningar i fält på fyra platser i Uppsala samlades data in och analyserades utifrån angivna frågeställningar. Resultatet bekräftade det som litteraturstudien belyste, att det är svårt att på ett generellt sätt beskriva vibrationsutbredningen och att den tydligt är platsspecifik. Vid samtliga undersöka platser kunde dock konstateras att vibrationsnivån i marken tenderar att vara en faktor mellan 2,5–32 högre då ett tungt fordon passerar en busskudde, jämfört med då det passerar en opåverkad referenspunkt längs med samma väg. Generellt avtog dessutom vibrationsnivån i marken med ökat avstånd från källan. Vilken vibrationsled som dominerade varierade dock både mellan platserna och för olika avstånd från källan. Vid en av de fyra mätplatserna förstärktes vibrationsnivån i byggnaden, jämfört med i marken utanför. Vid samma mätplats överskreds dessutom känseltröskeln inomhus, och en skyddsvibrationsnivå på 0,5 mm/s kan behöva tillämpas vid busskudden för att förhindra detta. Mätningarna visade att både vibrationer med låga och höga frekvenser kan uppstå i marken nära busskudden då tunga fordon passerar. Dock var det enbart vibrationer med låga frekvenser som spreds vidare i marken vid ett ökat avstånd från källan. Studien visade dessutom att det kan krävas ett skyddsavstånd mellan busskudde och byggnad på cirka 100 meter för att känseltröskeln inte ska riskera att överskridas inomhus. Trots att ett sådant avstånd är platsspecifikt, belyser det vilka krav det skulle kunna ställa på samhällsbyggnaden i ett växande Uppsala. Det faktum att busskuddar kan förhöja vibrationsnivån i marken vid passage av tunga fordon ter sig något märkligt, då busskuddarna ska vara utformade på ett sätt som tillåter tunga fordon att passera relativt obehindrat. Fler studier kring busskuddarnas utformning och/eller grundläggning är därför av stor relevans. Det är vidare relevant att exempelvis utreda hur fordonens hastighet över busskuddar påverkar vibrationsnivån i marken, då litteraturstudien belyser att det främst är då tunga fordon passerar ojämnheter med hög hastighet som betydande vibrationer kan uppstå. Busskuddar anses vara en av de mest effektiva hastighetssänkande åtgärderna, men studien visar att det kan ske på bekostnad av ökade vibrationsnivåer. En grundläggande helhetsbedömning bör därför göras av busskuddarnas lämplighet vid kommande stadsplanering. Nyckelord: markvibration, vibrationsmätning, busskudde, trafik, samhällsbyggnad. Institutionen för geovetenskaper, Uppsala Universitet, Villavägen 16, SE-752 36 Uppsala. ISSN 1401–5765.Traffic induced vibrations: A study on the effect of speed control cushions on vibration levels in surrounding land and buildings. Erika Johansson Kling In Uppsala, speed control cushions are used as a form of conscious unevenness in the road surface to reduce speed and increase road safety on accident-affected road sections. However, housing in residences located near speed control cushions have reported that they can sometimes experience vibrations linked to when heavy vehicles pass speed control cushions as disturbing. This study aimed to quantify vibration levels in land and buildings near speed control cushions and to investigate key factors that can affect the vibration level and vibration propagation. Through vibration measurements at four places in Uppsala, data was collected and analyzed based on the stated research questions. The result confirmed what the literature study highlighted, that it is difficult to describe the propagation of vibrations in a general way and that it is clearly site-specific. However, it was found at all the measurement sites that the vibration level in the ground tends to be a factor between 2.5 and 32 higher when a heavy vehicle passes a speed control cushion, compared to when it passes an unaffected reference point along the same road. Generally, the vibration level in the ground also decreased with increased distance from the source. However, the level of vibration that dominated varied between the locations and for different distances from the source. At one measurement site, the vibration level in the building was amplified compared to in the ground outside. At the same measurement site, the sensing threshold was also exceeded indoors, and a protection vibration level of 0.5 mm/s may have to be applied nearby the speed control cushions to prevent this from happening. The measurements showed that both vibrations with low and high frequencies can occur in the ground near the speed control cushions when heavy vehicles pass. However, it was only vibrations with low frequencies that propagated further in the ground at an increased distance from the source. The study also showed that a safety distance between speed control cushions and buildings of approximately 100 meters may be required in order for the sensitivity threshold not to be exceeded indoors. Although such a distance is sitespecific, it highlights what requirements it could put on the urban planning in a growing Uppsala. The fact that speed control cushions can increase the level of vibration in the ground when heavy vehicles pass seems somewhat strange, since the speed control cushions are supposed to be designed in a way that allows heavy vehicles to pass relatively unobstructed. Additional studies on the design and/or foundation of the speed control cushions are therefore of great relevance. It is furthermore relevant to investigate, for example, how the speed of the vehicles when passing over speed control cushions affects the vibration level in the ground, since the literature study highlights that it is primarily when heavy vehicles pass an unevenness in the road surface at high speed that significant vibrations can occur. Speed control cushions are considered to be one of the most effective speed reducing measures, but the study shows that they may lead to increased vibration levels. An overall 3 evaluation should therefore be made regarding the suitability of speed control cushions in future urban planning. Keywords: ground vibration, vibration measurement, speed control cushion, traffic, urban planning. Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Villavägen 16, SE-752 36 Uppsala. ISSN 1401–5765.
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Sefer, Birhan. "Environment related surface phenomena and their influence on properties of Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo : oxidation at elevated temperature and corrosion during chemical treatment." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/403884.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis covers investigation of the surface phenomena of Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo alloys related with oxidation at elevated temperature and corrosion during chemical treatment in hydrofluoric-nitric acid (HF/HNO3) solutions. The explored phenomena are related to manufacturing and service conditions of aero-engine components. During manufacturing and operation, the alloys are sunjected to elevated temperatures in oxygen environment. In such conditions an oxide on the surface and an oxygen enriched layer below the oxide, commonly referred as alpha-case is formed. Alpha-case is a hard and brittle layer that is detrimental to the mechanical properties and must therefore be completely eliminated. A conventional method for elimination of alpha-case is chemical processing in HF/HNO3 solutions, i.e. chemical milling.
Isothermal oxidation treatments in air at 500, 593 and 700 ºC for up to 500 hours were carried out in this thesis. Both alloys developed rutile type of oxide structure and Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo exhibited stronger oxidation resistance than Ti-6Al-4V. Transition from parabolic to linear oxidation rate was observed at 700 ºC and = 200 hours for both alloys. The difference in the oxidation kinetics of the two alloys is suggested to be related with the chemical composition of the alloys. The oxygen enriched layer, i.e. alpha-case layer, was characterised and its thickness was measured using conventional metallographic and microscopic techniques. The parabolic rate constants, the oxygen diffusion parameters and activation energies were estimated in the temperature range of 500-700 ºC for both alloys. Moreover, the oxidation for 500 hours at 700 ºC resulted in microstructural changes and element re-distribution. The bulk and alpha-case layer hardness at micro- and nano-scale were measured using microhardness and nanoindentation techniques. The alpha-case layer had higher hardness due to the solid solution strengthening effect of the diffused oxygen.
The effect of chemical milling in 1:11 HF/HNO3 solution on the surface integrity, and the influence on low cycle fatigue (LCF) strength of cast Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo alloy was investigated. Five and sixty minutes chemical processing times and three imposed total strain ranges in fatigue tests were evaluated. Significant drop in fatigue life was observed for the samples etched before LCF testing, as compared to the non-etched samples. The influence from etching was found to be most detrimental for fatigue samples tested at the lowest strain ranges. The fatigue life reduction was correlated with the number of crack initiation sites. Multiple crack initiation sites were observed for the etched samples, whereas only one crack initiation site was discerned in the non-etched samples. Inspection of the surface of the etched samples revealed selective and severely etched prior ß grain boundaries and pit formation at the triple joints of the prior ß grain boundaries. These surface defects were considered as stress raisers promoting an earlier fatigue crack initiation.
The influence of two molar concentration ratios of HF and HNO3 acids (1:3 and 1:11) on the corrosion behaviour of cast Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo were investigated by electrochemical and atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques. The corrosion of the two alloys was a function of the concentration ratio of the acids and also of the alloys¿ chemical compositions. The AFM measurements showed faster dissolution rate of the a-phase than the ß-phase in the Widmanstätten microstructure. It was considered that the reason for this is formation of local micro-galvanic cells between the phases. Moreover, the Volta-potential was measured using scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy (SKPFM) and the obtained maps revealed difference in the Volta-potential between the a- and the ß-laths in both alloys. This observation strengthened the likelihood for formation and operation of micro-galvanic cells between the phases.En esta tesis doctoral se estudian los fenómenos superficiales relacionados con la oxidación a alta temperatura y la corrosión producidos durante el tratamiento químico en soluciones de ácido fluorhídrico-nítrico (HF-HNO3) en las aleaciones Ti-6Al-4V y Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo. Estos fenómenos se producen durante la fabricación y el servicio de componentes para motores aeronáuticos, pues se dan condiciones de elevada temperatura en un ambiente rico en oxígeno, las cuales favorecen la formación de óxido en la superficie y también de una capa enriquecida en oxígeno debajo del óxido, comúnmente conocida como alpha-case o capa alfa. La alpha-case es una capa dura y frágil, perjudicial para las propiedades mecánicas, por lo que debe ser minimizada o totalmente eliminada. Un método convencional para eliminar la capa alfa es el procesado químico en soluciones de ácido fluorhídrico-nítrico, conocido como chemical milling. En este estudio se han efectuado tratamientos isotérmicos en aire a 500, 593 y 700 °C, con duración máxima de 500 horas. Ambas aleaciones desarrollaron óxido tipo rutilo, en tanto que la Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo mostró mejor resistencia a la oxidación que la Ti-6Al-4V. Se observó una transición de la velocidad de oxidación de parabólica a lineal a 700 °C y tiempos = 200 horas, para ambas aleaciones. Las diferencias en la cinética de oxidación entre ambas aleaciones se han relacionado con su composición química. La capa rica en oxígeno, i.e. alpha-case, fue caracterizada y su espesor medido mediante técnicas metalográficas. Se observó que la velocidad de crecimiento de la capa alfa seguía una relación parabólica con el tiempo para ambas aleaciones. La difusión del oxígeno y la energía de activación se estimaron en el rango de temperaturas de 500-700 °C. Adicionalmente, se comprobé que el tratamiento isotérmico a 700 °C durante 500 horas dio lugar a cambios microestructurales y a la redistribución de elementos. Las durezas del interior y de la capa alfa se midieron a escalas micro- y nano- mediante técnicas de microdureza y nanoindentación. La capa alfa mostró mayor dureza debido al efecto de endurecimiento por solución sólida debido al oxígeno difundido. El efecto de la solución 1:11 HF-HNO3 en la integridad superficial y en la resistencia a fatiga en el régimen de oligofatiga (LCF = Low Cycle Fatigue) de la aleación Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo fue investigado. Se evaluaron tiempos de procesado químico cortos y largos (5 y 60 minutos) y tres valores de amplitud de deformación total. Se observó una significativa disminución de la vida a fatiga para las muestras atacadas antes de los ensayos LCF, en comparación con las muestras no atacadas. La influencia del ataque se mostró más perjudicial a bajos valores de deformación impuesta. La reducción en la vida a fatiga se correlacionó con el número de zonas de iniciación de grietas. Múltiples zonas se observaron para las muestras atacadas, mientras que solo un lugar de nucleación de grieta se detectó para las no atacadas. La inspección de las superficies de las muestras atacadas reveló un ataque selectivo y severo en los bordes de grano prior beta y la formación de picaduras en los puntos triples de los bordes de grano prior beta. Estos defectos superficiales fueron considerados como exaltadores de tensiones que promueven la temprana nucleación de las grietas de fatiga. Se investigó la influencia en el comportamiento a corrosión de Ti-6Al-4V y Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo de dos diferentes relaciones de concentración (1:3 y 1:11) de los ácidos HF y HNO3. Se emplearon para ello técnicas electroquímicas y microscopía de fuerza atómica (AFM). La corrosión de las dos aleaciones depende de la concentración de HF-HNO3 y posiblemente también de sus composiciones químicas. Las medidas de AFM revelaron una velocidad de disolución mayor de la fase alfa que de la beta en la microestructura tipo Widmanstätten. Se considera que la razón de esta disolución selectiva es la formación de celdas micro-galvánicas.
Books on the topic "Other environmental engineering and related engineering"
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LeSage, L. G. Nuclear Submarine Decommissioning and Related Problems. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996.
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Subnature: Architecture's other environments. New York: Princeton Architectural Press, 2009.
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Heck, André. StarBriefs 2001: A Dictionary of Abbreviations, Acronyms and Symbols in Astronomy, Related Space Sciences and Other Related Fields. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001.
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Jones, Phill. Stem cell research and other cell-related controversies. New York, NY: Chelsea House, 2011.
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C, Torno Harry, Urbonas Ben, and United States. Environmental Protection Agency., eds. Stormwater NPDES related monitoring needs: Proceedings of an Engineering Foundation conference. New York, N.Y: American Society of Civil Engineers, 1995.
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Pachurin, German. Technology for studying the destruction of structural materials under different loading conditions. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/981296.
Full textAbstract:
The textbook is devoted to solving topical issues related to the prediction of the effect of plastic deformation on the behavior in various operating conditions of a wide class of metals and alloys. The technology developed by the author for studying the mechanical properties and the process of destruction of plastically treated metal materials under various loading conditions (static at different temperatures, cyclic in air at low, room and elevated temperatures, as well as at room temperature in the presence of a corrosive environment) is described.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
Addressed to bachelors and undergraduates of higher educational institutions of full-time and part-time education in the areas of training 20.03.01 Technosphere safety" (training profile "Safety of technological processes and production"), 22.03.01 and 22.04.01 "Materials Science and Materials Technology", 22.03.02 and 22.04.02 "Metallurgy", 15.03.01 and 15.04.01 "Mechanical Engineering", 15.05.01 "Design of technological machines and complexes", 15.03.02 "Technological machines and equipment", 15.03.04 and 15.04.04 "Automation of technological processes and production", 17.05.02 "Strelkovo-pushechnoe, artillery and rocket weapons", 15.03.05 "Design and technological support of machine-building industries". It can be useful for scientific and engineering workers of enterprises of automotive, aviation, shipbuilding and other metalworking branches of mechanical engineering, laboratory workers, as well as for training specialists in materials science, metal science and metal forming."
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Iichiro, Kono, Nishigaki Makato, and Komatsu Mitsuru, eds. Groundwater engineering: Recent advances : proceedings of the International Symposium on Groundwater Problems Related to Geo-environment, Okayama, Japan, 28-30 May 2003. Lisse: Balkema, 2003.
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United Nations. Office for Disarmament Affairs., ed. Potential uses of military-related resources for protection of the environment: Report of the Secretary-General. New York: United Nations, 1993.
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Lukanin, Aleksandr. Environmental Engineering: Processes and gas emissions purification devices. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/24376.
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The tutorial adequately considered the currently existing methods of protection of the air basin from industrial waste gases of chemical, petrochemical, microbiological, pharmaceutical and related industries.
The material is based on a thorough analysis of the treatment methods commonly used, the most dangerous substances that enter the Earth´s atmosphere with the exhaust gases of large enterprises, also provides guidance on the use of gas-cleaning equipment
emissions in the industry.
Compliant with the Federal state educational standard of the latest generation of higher education.
The book is intended for students of technical colleges enrolled
in areas of training "Technosphere Safety" and "Environmental Engineering" (training profiles: "Environmental Engineering localities", "Engineering protection of the environment of industrial enterprises" and "Protection of the environment and resources"), as well as for engineering technical staff, graduate students and professors.
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1946-, Singh Madan G., ed. Fault detection & reliability: Knowledge based & other approaches : proceedings of the second European Workshop on Fault Diagnostics, Reliability and Related Knowledge Based Approaches, UMIST, Manchester, April 6-8, 1987 (edited by) M.G. Singh ... (et al.). Oxford: Pergamon, 1987.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Other environmental engineering and related engineering"
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Di Cosmo, Lucio, and Antonio Floris. "Biodiversity and Protected Wooded Lands." In Springer Tracts in Civil Engineering, 391–446. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98678-0_9.
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AbstractThe importance of forests for their functions other than timber and wood production has dramatically increased in the last decades with the increased awareness of the risks deriving from deforestation and the acknowledgment of the great amount of goods and benefits forests provide. Consequently, national forest inventories have widened their objectives and nowadays include variables related to environmental aspects. Among these aspects, biodiversity plays a key role for forest ecosystems’ adaptation to climate change. This chapter details the INFC2015 estimates regarding tree species diversity. It also shows the estimates on the naturalness of the stands’ regeneration processes and those on the presence and type of deadwood in forests. In addition to carbon storage, standing dead trees, stumps and lying deadwood also have a great potential for biodiversity. Forest protection is also pursued through laws and policies that allow for the creation of protected areas of various type and protection degree. The main inventory statistics on wooded lands in protected areas are given in the last section of this chapter.
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Floris, Antonio, and Lucio Di Cosmo. "Protective Function and Primary Designated Management Objective." In Springer Tracts in Civil Engineering, 469–502. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98678-0_11.
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AbstractIn a framework of multiple services supplied simultaneously by forests, the protection against natural hazards is one of the most important. Forests deliver conservation of natural resources, including soil and water, and other environmental services. They slow water dispersion and allow for infiltration and percolation of rainwater, which recharges soil and underground water storage. Forest cover, moreover, protects soil from wind and water erosion, avalanches and landslides. INFC collects a wide range of information related to the protective function of Italian wooded areas. This chapter shows estimates regarding such physical site characteristics, as slope, land position and aspect which, together with tree canopy coverage and terrain roughness, can condition the protective role of forests. Inventory statistics on terrain instability and hydrogeological constraint, as defined by national laws, are shown as well, the latter being a basis of most national and regional regulations on forest management. Finally, the presence of a primary designated management objective has been assessed with a particular focus on direct and indirect protection. Estimates on such attributes are shown in the last section of this chapter.
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Jin, Feng, and Duruo Huang. "Other Rock-Filled Concrete Related Technologies." In Hydroscience and Engineering, 269–305. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8298-8_9.
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Awange, Joseph L. "Climate Change and Weather Related Impacts." In Environmental Science and Engineering, 169–200. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-88256-5_10.
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Dulias, Renata. "Anthropogenic Denudation Rate in Other Mining Areas." In Environmental Science and Engineering, 161–202. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29541-1_8.
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Karaca, Ferhat, Ismail Anil, Omar Alagha, and Fatih Camci. "Traffic Related PM Predictor for Besiktas, Turkey." In Information Technologies in Environmental Engineering, 317–30. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-88351-7_24.
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Luo, Guanzhang, Xiaojing Zhang, Jingchao Xie, and Dandan Li. "Associations of Indoor CO2 Concentration with Sleep Quality and Other Human Responses." In Environmental Science and Engineering, 963–69. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9520-8_99.
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Li, Pengnan, Ye Liu, and Jianfei Dong. "Age-Related Thermal Comfort in a Science Museum with Hot–Humid Climate in Summer." In Environmental Science and Engineering, 421–31. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9520-8_45.
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Chellam, Shankararaman, and Ayşe Bozlaker. "Characterization of PGEs and Other Elements in Road Dusts and Airborne Particles in Houston, Texas." In Environmental Science and Engineering, 199–242. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44559-4_14.
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Schwarzerova, Jana, Iro Pierides, Karel Sedlar, and Wolfram Weckwerth. "Linear Predictive Modeling for Immune Metabolites Related to Other Metabolites." In Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering, 16–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-07704-3_2.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Other environmental engineering and related engineering"
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Vorobjovas, Viktoras, Algirdas Motiejunas, Tomas Ratkevicius, Alvydas Zagorskis, and Vaidotas Danila. "Analysis of Calculation Methods for Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions for Road Sector." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.156.
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Climate change is one of the main nowadays problem in the world. The politics and strategies for climate change and tools for reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and green technologies are created and implemented. Mainly it is focused on energy, transport and construction sectors, which are related and plays a significant role in the roads life cycle. Most of the carbon footprint emissions are generated by transport. The remaining emissions are generated during the road life cycle. Therefore, European and other countries use methods to calculate GHG emissions and evaluate the impact of road construction methods and technologies on the environment. Software tools for calculation GHG emissions are complicated, and it is not entirely clear what GHG emission amounts generate during different stages of road life cycle. Thus, the precision of the obtained results are often dependent on the sources and quantities of data, assumptions, and hypothesis. The use of more accurate and efficient calculation-evaluation methods could let to determine in which stages of road life cycle the largest carbon footprint emissions are generated, what advanced road construction methods and technologies could be used. Also, the road service life could be extended, the consumption of raw materials, repair, and maintenance costs could be reduced. Therefore the time-savings could be improved, and the impact on the environment could be reduced using these GHG calculation-evaluation methods.
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Busko, Małgorzata. "Modernization of the Register of Land and Buildings with Reference to Entering Buildings into the Real Estate Cadastre in Poland." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.176.
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Nowadays, it is frequently the case that the database of the real estate cadastre in Poland is not supplied with the record data on buildings. This study presents the issues related to the comprehensive modernization of the register of land and buildings, especially in the aspect of entering the buildings located in the areas of the modernized cadastral districts, into the database of the real estate cadastre. The real estate cadastre should provide a reference base for other public records, the data contained in the cadastre should be the basis, for example, for official statistics, real estate management and register of farms, or tax records. The analysis of this procedure was based on the data derived from the modernization of the register of land and buildings carried out in eleven cadastral units of Gorlice district, province of Malopolska, as part of the national project: Development of an Integrated Real Estate Information System – (ZSIN) – Stage I. In this project, the data for the preparation of the digital description of the contour of a building were captured largely based on high-precision aerial imagery which, having been developed on the stereoscopic model, supplied the digital database of the real estate cadastre. A serious problem, which hinders the maintenance of the database of the real estate cadastre in Poland updated, are the frequent amendments to the applicable laws. The Regulation on the register of land and buildings, according to which the cadastral database has been built in Poland since 2001, was extensively amended in 2013 and in 2015. This makes it difficult to obtain uniform data of the buildings in Poland.
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Fořt, Jan, Magdaléna Doleželová, and Robert Černý. "Moisture Buffering Potential of Plasters for Energy Efficiency in Modern Buildings." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.254.
Full textAbstract:
Moisture level significantly affects durability of constructions, their thermal performance and quality of indoor air. Since building envelopes are subjected to a moisture gradient, additional ventilation systems are employed to maintain relative humidity on the desired level. Although modern advanced ventilation systems provide sufficient air exchange rate, their wider application is in conflict with sustainability development principles due to high energy demands. Moreover, according to the European legislation related to the Nearly Zero Energy Buildings (European Directives 2002/91/EC and 2010/31/EU), air tightness of building envelopes in order to provide high thermal resistance leads to large moisture loads in building interiors. Among other factors, a high level of relative humidity has negative effect on the work efficiency and health of building inhabitants. A detailed insight into building materials behavior during cyclic moisture loading was accessed within this study. The moisture buffering values of three interior plasters were investigated in order to describe influence of plasters on moderation of indoor environment. Particular materials were loaded according to the NORDTEST protocol by 8/16 h loading schema at 70/30% RH. Here, the excellent moisture buffer classification was obtained for lightweight perlite plaster (PT) with the highest total open porosity. However, contrary to the higher total open porosity of renovation plaster (PS), the core plaster (CP) achieved higher moisture buffer capacity than PS. This discrepancy refers to the influence of the pore size distribution which is, besides the total open porosity, essential for a detailed characterization of moisture buffering potential of building materials. Based on the results of Mercury intrusion porosimetry, a correlation between pore size distribution and moisture buffer value was revealed.
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Praticò, Filippo G., and Paolo G. Briante. "Particulate Matter from Non-exhaust Sources." In 11th International Conference “Environmental Engineering”. VGTU Technika, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2020.622.
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Air pollution is an important issue worldwide. Solid components in air (particulate matter, PM) originate from a variety of natural or anthropogenic sources and have different morphological, physical, and chemical properties. Their presence in the air also depends on meteorological conditions, such as humidity, rainfall, and wind speed. PM pollution has adverse effects on environment and human health. Therefore, it is very important to address sources and processes involved in PM generation. Among the existing sources, a special attention must be paid to PM emissions from road traffic, i.e., exhaust sources (e.g., fuel combustion) and non-exhaust sources (e.g., road, tyre, brakes). These traffic-related sources contribute to PM concentrations in cities, and this calls for research into new possible systems and/or mitigation measures. In light of the facts above, the objectives of this study are 1) To evaluate the contribution to PM emission from traffic-related sources. 2) To evaluate existing mitigation measures and to identify new ones to reduce PM production. First results show that: 1) Non-exhaust sources have a different role in PM generation and they differently affect PM10, PM2.5, and PM0.1. 2) Even if emissions-related regulations have led to reductions in exhaust emissions from road traffic, other mitigation measures could reduce the non-exhaust part of emissions (e.g., brakes wear, road wear, and tyre wear). 3) New technologies could be developed to reduce PM from non-exhaust sources.
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Tannuri, Eduardo A., Rafael M. L. Madureira, and Haroldo Igreja. "Thrusters Dimensioning for Vessel’s Stationkeeping Close to Other Floating Structures: Two Case Studies." In ASME 2013 32nd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2013-10988.
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Brazilian offshore scenario requires innovative solutions in order to increase the efficiency of operations, while still keeping the safety and the economical constraints. The global market and naval industry cannot meet the demand of the growing exploration activities, related to the recent discovery of new oil fields. Furthermore, they are located at a large distance from the shore (approximately 300km) and the environmental conditions are severe. These facts impose more logistics problems for materials and persons transportations. The retrofitting of vessels is an alternative for increasing their operability and this option has been studied by Transpetro, subsidiary of Petrobras responsible for the Ducts, Terminals, Maritime Transport and Natural Gas segments. This paper presents two real cases of retrofitting related to the application of new technologies for positioning, including Dynamic Positioning (DP) Systems or manually operated thrusters. In the first case, a conventional tanker will be converted to a DP2 tanker, in order to operate close to drill ships and to transfer fluids during the drilling operation. The second case is related to an offshore delivering vessel used for bunkering operation. This vessel is moored at a monobuoy, and up to 2 receiving vessels may be connected to it. An aft-azimuth thruster will be installed in the vessel, increasing its capacity to change heading in harsh environmental conditions and to keep a safe distance from the monobuoy during fast variations of environmental conditions. Both cases require the application of a comprehensive design methodology for thruster dimensioning. The retrofitting imposes tight constraints to the layout and positioning of the thrusters. Also, the proximity to others vessels and the harsh environmental conditions in the offshore fields requires a combination of static and dynamic calculation in order to evaluate power consumption and drift motions of the vessels.
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Mancini, Mauro, Giorgio Locatelli, and Serena Tammaro. "Dealing With External Factors in the Electricity Generation Sector: Nuclear vs. Other Baseload Technologies." In 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone17-76055.
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The international literature presents several studies about the economics of Power Plants, however these analyses usually consider only the classical accounts related to Construction, Operation & Maintenance, Fuel and Decommissioning cost. Beside these accounts there are many factors, from now on named External Factors (e.g. social acceptability, Security of Fuel supply, etc.) able to heavily determine the profitability and the feasibility of a certain investment. This paper lists the External Factors and, under this prospective, ranks under different scenarios the following technologies suitable for the base-load: hydro, coal, oil, gas and nuclear. First the paper provides a list of these factors considering the international literature. As second step each factor is analyzed and quantified. Then an overall multi-attribute model, based on the Quality Function Deployment approach, is introduced to obtain a weight for each factor, dividing its impact into three different sustainability dimensions (economic, environmental, social), each weighted according to the investor sensitiveness. Finally the factor weights and their performances are coupled to obtain an overall ranking specific describing the specific environmental coming out by the combination of conditions and investors’ strategies. The results show that hydroelectric plants are usually the best solution, however there is a shortage of new sites for the further deployment of these plants, therefore other plants have to be considered to fulfill the energy growth. Coal and Nuclear could be a good choice even if each type of plant has its strengths and weaknesses. Nuclear technology has good performances on “fuel supply and environmental impact factors”, but his main weak is on the social acceptability. On the opposite the oil and gas -fired plants are always the worst choice. It is important to highlight that some factors are quantified using historical data (for the nuclear sector related to GEN II reactors). This assumption does not bias the analysis since the progress in nuclear energy is present as well as in other technologies. However is clear from the analysis that the innovative passive reactors could overcome other technologies and become the most suitable choice for the base load generation.
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Kawakami, Akihiro, and Takashi Saito. "Study on Vibration Characteristics of Tires Related to Tire-Road Noise of Automobiles." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-71293.
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The occupants on board are being exposed to an environment in noise and vibration. Among them, the tire-road noise has come to relatively conspicuous because of improvement of silence. To improve comfort for occupants, reduction about the environmental noise and vibration is strongly expected. In this paper, we aim at knowing the vibration characteristics of tires related to tire-road noise of automobiles. Taking two kinds of tires, we carried out the impact tests. One has standard specification and the other has comfort specification absorbing vibration. Setting non-contact and contact to the ground, accelerances are obtained for single fixed input and multi output by impacting tests about tire treads and side-walls. To identify natural angular frequencies, modal damping ratios and modal amplitudes, the real and imaginary parts of accelerance are used in the error function of the optimized problem, which is solved by the down-hill simplex method. Both the natural angular frequencies and modes are identical for two kinds of tires each other. However, it is found that the modal damping ratio of the tire considered to be superior is not much different from the other. It is also found that when the tires contact with the ground, some natural frequencies could increase and other could decrease. Concerning about mode shapes, some axial mode shapes of tread might contradict with those of side-wall.
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Pratico, Filippo Giammaria, Gianfranco Pellicano, and Rosario Fedele. "THE STUDY OF ROAD PAVEMENT PERFORMANCE THROUGH IMPACT HAMMER TESTS." In 11th International Conference “Environmental Engineering”. VGTU Technika, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2020.623.
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Noise pollution has become an important issue. One of the main sources of noise in residential areas is represented by transportation and by the interaction between tyre and road surface. Several studies illustrate that traffic noise is affected by road properties such as acoustic absorption, surface texture, and mechanical impedance. This latter, function of the angular frequency ω, is defined as the ratio of a force applied on a structure to the induced velocity. Despite a growing interest in mechanical impedance there is still lack of results about its impact on traffic noise. Consequently, the aim of the study presented in this paper is to investigate the relationship between road acoustic response and mechanical impedance. Tests (EN 29052-part 1, ISO 7626-5) have been performed on different types of samples and materials, using an impact hammer and an accelerometer. Investigations are still in progress. First results seem to demonstrate that both frequencies and other noise-related characteristics could be affected by changes of mechanical impedance, boundary conditions, tests, and type of material.
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Baysal, Mehmet Murat, and Utpal Roy. "Consistency of Assembly Related Product Information: Part 1 — Representation." In ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2014-34016.
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In this work, NIST’s Core Product Model (CPM) and the Open Assembly Model (OAM) are extended to integrate product information including function and behavior, with an emphasis on assembly, throughout all phases of product development. The consistency validation of product information, and the verification of modified product information are discussed. These processes ensure that the product information has no contradictions and allows tracing through associations without any deficiency or disconnection. In other words, the information model has to be complete in terms of traceability of function, behavior, spatial relationships, etc., in order to support all information exchange activities. The product information representation provides a mechanism for capturing product information and storing it in a database. This representation schema also provides necessary information for any future decision making activities at the End_Of_Life (EOL) environment, such as the replacement or reuse of any part or subassembly. When there is a need to replace one artifact with another, one must consider all of the associations of the existing artifact with other artifacts and the environment, not just functional and space requirements, and the relevant modification(s) of the associated objects has to be verified. So one can manage product lifecycle activities in different perspectives by knowing how the product information is interconnected in various domains and how its characteristics affect each other.
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Abrahamson, Shaun, David Wallace, Nicola Senin, and Nick Borland. "Integrated Engineering, Geometric, and Customer Modeling: LCD Projector Design Case Study." In ASME 1999 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc99/cie-9084.
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Abstract This paper describes an integrated product design study conducted with Polaroid Corporation for a liquid crystal display video projector, applying a research system called DOME. The services of distributed objects — encapsulating CAE simulations, component catalogs, manufacturing cost models, geometric and configuration models, customer preference models, and environmental life-cycle assessment — are mathematically related to form an integrated product system model. Software objects providing optimization and decision support are also included in the model to create a design tradeoff environment. As such, designers can obtain sales predictions based upon configuration changes and make tradeoffs with other requirements. Benchmarking suggests there would be approximately a 30% increase in the time to fully evaluate the first design configuration due to the overhead of creating the integrated system model. However, the time to fully evaluate subsequent alternatives may be reduced from months to minutes.
Reports on the topic "Other environmental engineering and related engineering"
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C. M. Barnes, D. D. Taylor, S. C. Ashworth, J. B. Bosley, and D. R. Haefner. Technology Evaluations Related to Mercury, Technetium, and Chloride in Treatment of Wastes at the Idaho Nuclear Technology and Engineering Center of the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/765747.
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Whitfield, Paula, Burton Suedel, Kelly Egan, Jeffrey Corbino, Jenny Davis, David Carson, Amanda Tritinger, et al. Engineering With Nature® principles in action : islands. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/44940.
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The Engineering With Nature® (EWN) Program supports nature-based solutions that reduce coastal-storm and flood risks while providing environmental and socioeconomic benefits. Combining the beneficial use of dredged sediments with the restoration or creation of islands increases habitat and recreation, keeps sediment in the system, and reduces coastal-storm and flood impacts. Given the potential advantages of islands, EWN seeks to support science-based investigations of island performance, impacts, and benefits through collaborative multidisciplinary efforts. Using a series of case studies led by US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) districts and others, this technical report highlights the role of islands in providing coastal resilience benefits in terms of reducing waves and erosion as well as other environmental and socioeconomic benefits to the communities and the ecosystems they reside in.
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Beasley, T. M., W. Jr Rivera, J. M. Kelley, L. A. Bond, M. J. Liszewski, and K. A. Orlandini. Heavy element radionuclides (Pu, Np, U) and {sup 137}Cs in soils collected from the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory and other sites in Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/319877.
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Hossain, Niamat Ullah Ibne, Raed Jaradat, Michael Hamilton, Charles Keating, and Simon Goerger. A historical perspective on development of systems engineering discipline : a review and analysis. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40259.
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Since its inception, Systems Engineering (SE) has developed as a distinctive discipline, and there has been significant progress in this field in the past two decades. Compared to other engineering disciplines, SE is not affirmed by a set of underlying fundamental propositions, instead it has emerged as a set of best practices to deal with intricacies stemming from the stochastic nature of engineering complex systems and addressing their problems. Since the existing methodologies and paradigms (dominant pat- terns of thought and concepts) of SE are very diverse and somewhat fragmented. This appears to create some confusion regarding the design, deployment, operation, and application of SE. The purpose of this paper is 1) to delineate the development of SE from 1926-2017 based on insights derived from a histogram analysis, 2) to discuss the different paradigms and school of thoughts related to SE, 3) to derive a set of fundamental attributes of SE using advanced coding techniques and analysis, and 4) to present a newly developed instrument that could assess the performance of systems engineers. More than Two hundred and fifty different sources have been reviewed in this research in order to demonstrate the development trajectory of the SE discipline based on the frequency of publication.
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Bourne, E., Jack Milazzo, and Burton Suedel. Realizing multiple benefits in a southeast Louisana urban flood control project through application of Engineering With Nature principles. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45021.
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The application of Engineering With Nature® (EWN®) principles in urban environments and watersheds within and outside the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) is increasing. Extreme rainfall events have triggered the need and development of more sustainable urban infrastructure in urban areas such as New Orleans, Louisiana. This technical note documents a USACE–New Orleans District (MVN) project that successfully applied EWN principles in an urban landscape to reduce flood risk while providing other environmental, social, economic, and engineering benefits to both the community and the environment.
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Guilfoyle, Michael, Paul Hartfield, Richard Fischer, Jacob Jung, and Kevin Reine. Implementing Endangered Species Act (ESA) Section 7 (a)(1) Conservation Planning During US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Coastal Engineering Projects. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/44845.
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This technical note was developed by the US Army Engineer Research and Development Center–Environmental Laboratory (ERDC-EL) to provide guidance to the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) on implementing Endangered Species Act* (ESA) Section 7(a)(1) conservation planning, in coordination with the US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) during coastal engineering projects. USACE expends ~$200–$300 million each year on compliance, conservation, and other activities associated with the ESA (USACE 2022), and these expenditures often exceed those of other federal agencies (for example, US Bureau of Land Management) that have jurisdiction over far greater land holdings than USACE. To streamline the ESA compliance process, lower costs, and generate more positive outcomes for federally listed threatened and endangered species (TES), USACE was directed in June 2015 by the Deputy Commanding General (DCG) for Civil and Emergency Operations to proactively identify and incorporate conservation benefits into all projects when and where opportunities arise, under the authority of Section 7(a)(1) of the ESA (USACE 2015). The DCG identified Section 7(a)(1) conservation planning as a mechanism to efficiently achieve project purposes, create environmental value, and streamline the ESA Section 7(a)(2) consultation process.
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Berkowitz, Jacob, Nathan Beane, Kevin Philley, Nia Hurst, and Jacob Jung. An assessment of long-term, multipurpose ecosystem functions and engineering benefits derived from historical dredged sediment beneficial use projects. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41382.
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The beneficial use of dredged materials improves environmental outcomes while maximizing navigation benefits and minimizing costs, in accordance with the principles of the Engineering With Nature® (EWN) initiative. Yet, few studies document the long-term benefits of innovative dredged material management strategies or conduct comprehensive life-cycle analysis because of a combination of (1) short monitoring time frames and (2) the paucity of constructed projects that have reached ecological maturity. In response, we conducted an ecological functional and engineering benefit assessment of six historic (>40 years old) dredged material–supported habitat improvement projects where initial postconstruction beneficial use monitoring data was available. Conditions at natural reference locations were also documented to facilitate a comparison between natural and engineered landscape features. Results indicate the projects examined provide valuable habitat for a variety of species in addition to yielding a number of engineering (for example, shoreline protection) and other (for example, carbon storage) benefits. Our findings also suggest establishment of ecological success criteria should not overemphasize replicating reference conditions but remain focused on achieving specific ecological functions (that is, habitat and biogeochemical cycling) and engineering benefits (that is, storm surge reduction, navigation channel maintenance) achievable through project design and operational management.
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Gaugler, Randy, Itamar Glazer, Daniel Segal, and Sarwar Hashmi. Molecular Approach for Improving the Stability of Insecticidal Nematodes. United States Department of Agriculture, November 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7580680.bard.
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Our overall goal is to improve insecticidal nematodes by genetically engineering strains capable of entering an enhanced state of dormancy that provides improved stability. Objectives: 1. Clone and sequence tps-l homologue from Steinernema carpocapsae. (Revised: A failure to isolate the tps gene group from Steinernema precipitated a redirection to identifying other genes involved in insecticidal nematode desiccation process.) 2. Incorporate cloned tps-l gene into S. carpocapsae to obtain overexpression, thereby, enhancing desiccation tolerance. (Revised: Other stress genes in addition to tps-l genes were cloned and efforts at expression in S. carpocapsae were conducted) 3. Characterize the transgenic strains. No other biological control agent offers more impressive attributes than insecticidal nematodes. However, their potential is limited by the bane of nearly all biological control agents: poor stability. This leads to inadequate shelf-life and ultimately reduced field efficacy. Nematode storage is based on desiccation, yet insecticidal species are only capable of partial desiccation termed quiescent anhydrobiosis. Overwhelming evidence has shown that when the disaccharide compound trehalose is elevated in anhydrobiotic organisms such as yeast, plants, and nematodes it enables these organisms the ability to survive environmental stresses i.e., desiccation. Armed with this information our goal was to improve insecticidal nematodes stability by engineering trehalose overexpression.
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Yoozbashizadeh, Mahdi, and Forouzan Golshani. Robotic Parking Technology for Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality Control Around Park & Rides. Mineta Transportation Institute, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.1936.
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A lack or limited availability for parking may have multiple consequences, not the least of which is driver frustration, congestion, and air pollution. However, there is a greater problem that is not widely recognized by the public, namely the negative effect on the use of transit systems due to insufficient parking spaces close to key transit stations. Automated parking management systems, which have been successfully deployed in several European and Japanese cities, can manage parking needs at transit stations more effectively than other alternatives. Numerous studies have confirmed that quick and convenient automobile access to park-and-ride lots can be essential to making public transit competitive with the automobile in suburban areas. Automated parking systems use a robotic platform that carries each vehicle to one of the locations in a custom designed structure. Each location is designed compactly so that considerably more vehicles can be parked in the automated garages than the traditional parking lots. Central to the design of these systems are three key technologies, namely: 1. Mechanical design and the operation of vehicle transfer, i.e., the robotic platform 2. Structural and architectural requirements to meet safety and earthquake standards, among other design imperatives, 3. Automation and intelligent control issues as related to the overall operation and system engineering. This article concerns the first technology, and more specifically the design of the robotic platform for vehicle transfers. We will outline the overall design of the robot and the shuttle, followed by a description of the prototype that was developed in our laboratories. Subsequently, performance related issues and scalability of the current design will be analyzed.
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Miller, James, John Vavrin, and Samuel Stidwell IV. Study of maintenance of High Performance Sustainable Buildings (HPSB). Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40080.
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A study was performed by the Energy Branch of the US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, on behalf of the US Army Installation Management Command under the Installation Technology Transition Program. The focus of the study was related to maintainability and operability issues associated with High Performance Sustainable Buildings (HPSBs). This study was conducted primarily based on information gleaned from telephone and web conference discussions with installation Directorate of Public Works personnel including Operation and Maintenance (O&M) Chiefs, energy managers, maintenance supervisors, and maintenance technicians. Experiences with HPSBs varied from installation to installation. For example, some installations had very positive experiences with photovoltaic (PV) arrays while other sites questioned their practicality due to maintainability problems. One site noted that PV technologies are changing so rapidly that procuring spare/repair parts becomes difficult or impossible when vendors discontinue supporting their older technologies or manufacturers go out of business. Based on discussions with the installation O&M personnel, a table of pro and con recommendations for 25 technologies, which are commonly implemented on HPSBs, was prepared and is included in this report.