Academic literature on the topic 'Other engineering not elsewhere classified'
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Journal articles on the topic "Other engineering not elsewhere classified"
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Indraratna, B., P. Nutalaya, K. S. Koo, and N. Kuganenthira. "Engineering behaviour of a low carbon, pozzolanic fly ash and its potential as a construction fill." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 28, no. 4 (August 1, 1991): 542–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t91-070.
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Detailed laboratory investigations were conducted on Mae Moh fly ash from northern Thailand for the determination of its grain size distribution, mineralogy, pozzolanic activity, compaction and strength characteristics, and the collapse potential. On the basis of the experimental results, this fly ash is classified as ASTM class C, which is considered to be pozzolanic. It has good potential to be utilized as an effective fill for embankments (roads and dams), airfields, pavements, and building bricks, as well as for the stabilization of compressible or erodible foundations. Because of the fact that Mae Moh fly ash contains only a negligible amount of unburned carbon, its pozzolanic reactivity is accelerated, in comparison with the relatively inert, high-carbon fly ash produced elsewhere in Thailand and many other parts of Asia. It is also demonstrated that Mae Moh fly ash can be easily compacted to produce acceptable dry densities over a wide range of water contents. Curing with an adequate moisture supply in the presence of calcium oxide plays an important role in accelerating the pozzolanic reactions, hence improving the time-dependent-properties. This study further proposes that a curing period of 2–3 weeks is sufficient for this material to approach its maximum strength. Although the behaviour of one specific fly ash cannot generalize the wide array of other ashes, the test results obtained for Mae Moh fly ash may be applied to lignite ashes in the category of ASTM class C. Key words: fly ash, structural fill, compaction, compressive strength, shear strength, collapse potential, pozzolanic activity.
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Tanasawa, Ichiro. "Recent Progress of Japanese Research on Condensation Heat Transfer." Applied Mechanics Reviews 43, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3119158.
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A state-of-the-art review is presented on the research activities in Japan on condensation heat transfer during these nine years. The papers published on the Trans. JSME (Series B for thermal and fluids engineering) from 1980 until 1988 are chosen as the main target of the review, since it is considered that the majority of principal achievements in condensation research in Japan are contained in these volumes. The papers printed elsewhere on other publications or prior to 1980 are referred to only whenever it is needed. The author classifies the subjects into five items. They are (1) Film condensation of single-component vapor, (2) Film condensation of multi-component vapor, (3) Enhancement of condensation heat transfer, (4) Dropwise condensation, and (5) Direct contact condensation and other forms of condensation. However, the author’s effort is focussed mostly on the item (3) on the techniques of enhancement of condensation heat transfer. Dropwise condensation is another subject that is discussed in some detail. Only the outlines are presented for the remaining items. In the concluding remarks of this article the author’s personal comments on the future trends of the condensation research is presented.
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Ahmad, Hesham S., Maha D. Ayoush, and Majed S. Al-Alwan. "Causes of delay to public infrastructure projects according to engineers representing different contract parties." Built Environment Project and Asset Management 10, no. 1 (December 17, 2019): 153–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bepam-03-2019-0026.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the main causes of delay in public construction projects. This is motivated by feedback from public construction experts concerning substantive delays during the last decade. The study thus seeks to help decision makers in Jordan and elsewhere identify problems and develop mitigating strategies. Design/methodology/approach Causes of delay were identified from previous related studies and then augmented after consultation with experts. This resulted in 56 delay factors classified into eight groups. The sampling frame for the study was defined in terms of public construction projects (mostly related to roads) owned by the Ministry of Public Works and Housing in Jordan. A survey was conducted with engineers working as representatives of the owner, contractors or consultants to elicit and evaluate the importance of the 56 delay factors. Findings Overall, 113 completed questionnaire responses were returned and analyzed to rank the causes of delay using the relative importance index method. Owners and consultants showed more interest in factors related to themselves, while contractors showed highest interest in an external factor related to the owner of services. Four recommendations are put forward for decision makers to mitigate against delays. Originality/value This research investigates a relatively large number of delay factors compared to other studies and these are categorized into groups to facilitate thematic understanding. Further, compared to previous related research, this research fills a gap by exploring the opinions of different contract parties.
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Liao, Ou-Lan, Si-Yuan Xie, Jun Ye, Qin Du, and Guo-Chun Lou. "Association between inflammatory bowel disease and all-cause dementia: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study." World Journal of Psychiatry 14, no. 1 (January 19, 2024): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v14.i1.15.
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BACKGROUND Numerous observational studies have documented a correlation between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and an increased risk of dementia. However, the causality of their associations remains elusive. AIM To assess the causal relationship between IBD and the occurrence of all-cause dementia using the two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) method. METHODS Genetic variants extracted from the large genome-wide association study (GWAS) for IBD (the International IBD Genetics Consortium, n = 34652) were used to identify the causal link between IBD and dementia (FinnGen, n = 306102). The results of the study were validated via another IBD GWAS (United Kingdom Biobank, n = 463372). Moreover, MR egger intercept, MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier, and Cochran's Q test were employed to evaluate pleiotropy and heterogeneity. Finally, multiple MR methods were performed to estimate the effects of genetically predicted IBD on dementia, with the inverse variance wei-ghted approach adopted as the primary analysis. RESULTS The results of the pleiotropy and heterogeneity tests revealed an absence of significant pleiotropic effects or heterogeneity across all genetic variants in outcome GWAS. No evidence of a causal effect between IBD and the risk of dementia was identified in the inverse variance weighted [odds ratio (OR) = 0.980, 95%CI : 0.942-1.020, P value = 0.325], weighted median (OR = 0.964, 95%CI : 0.914-1.017, P value = 0.180), and MR-Egger (OR = 0.963, 95%CI : 0.867-1.070, P value = 0.492) approaches. Consistent results were observed in validation analyses. Reverse MR analysis also showed no effect of dementia on the development of IBD. Furthermore, MR analysis suggested that IBD and its subtypes did not causally affect all-cause dementia and its four subtypes, including dementia in Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, dementia in other diseases classified elsewhere, and unspecified dementia. CONCLUSION Taken together, our MR study signaled that IBD and its subentities were not genetically associated with all-cause dementia or its subtypes. Further large prospective studies are warranted to elucidate the impact of intestinal inflammation on the development of dementia.
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Kelly, Matthew, and Yuriy Kuleshov. "Flood Hazard Assessment and Mapping: A Case Study from Australia’s Hawkesbury-Nepean Catchment." Sensors 22, no. 16 (August 19, 2022): 6251. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22166251.
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Floods are among the costliest natural hazards, in Australia and globally. In this study, we used an indicator-based method to assess flood hazard risk in Australia’s Hawkesbury-Nepean catchment (HNC). Australian flood risk assessments are typically spatially constrained through the common use of resource-intensive flood modelling. The large spatial scale of this study area is the primary element of novelty in this research. The indicators of maximum 3-day precipitation (M3DP), distance to river—elevation weighted (DREW), and soil moisture (SM) were used to create the final Flood Hazard Index (FHI). The 17–26 March 2021 flood event in the HNC was used as a case study. It was found that almost 85% of the HNC was classified by the FHI at ‘severe’ or ‘extreme’ level, illustrating the extremity of the studied event. The urbanised floodplain area in the central-east of the HNC had the highest FHI values. Conversely, regions along the western border of the catchment had the lowest flood hazard risk. The DREW indicator strongly correlated with the FHI. The M3DP indicator displayed strong trends of extreme rainfall totals increasing towards the eastern catchment border. The SM indicator was highly variable, but featured extreme values in conservation areas of the HNC. This study introduces a method of large-scale proxy flood hazard assessment that is novel in an Australian context. A proof-of-concept methodology of flood hazard assessment developed for the HNC is replicable and could be applied to other flood-prone areas elsewhere.
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Čipin, Ivan. "Razlike u kohortnom fertilitetu prema migracijskom obilježju: slučaj Grada Zagreba." Migracijske i etničke teme / Migration and Ethnic Themes 38, no. 1 (2022): 7–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.11567/met.38.1.1.
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The impact of migration on fertility is becoming an increasingly common research theme within the framework of population studies. Numerous demographic and geographical studies have found lower fertility in urban than in rural areas, both in developing and developed countries. Structural and contextual factors most often explain this difference. Structural factors refer to people of dissimilar socio-economic characteristics living in different areas, while contextual factors cover the current living conditions in the broadest sense. However, when explaining the urban–rural fertility differences, the selectivity of migration should also be considered, as people who (currently) have no fertility plans prefer to move to large cities. Most studies that measured fertility levels by migrant characteristics have relied on period fertility rates, while only a few have investigated cohort fertility. This study explores the cohort fertility of females by migrant status in the City of Zagreb, the largest urban centre in Croatia. Therefore, the aim is to better understand the relationship between completed fertility and migration in an urban context. Within a country, areas with the lowest fertility are often capital cities with highly educated and highly mobile populations. Although the fertility of international mi¬grants attracts more attention than internal migration, studying the association between fertility and both types of migration is especially important in a capital city with relatively high rates of inward migration. How much is known about the repro¬ductive behaviour of inward migrants in Zagreb? Are there significant differences between their fertility patterns and the patterns of native women? This paper fills this gap in the Croatian demographic literature by comparing fertility differences by migrant status across cohorts. The analysis is based on the 2011 Census data for the City of Zagreb. The Central Bureau of Statistics created a multidimensional table based on the data from this census, which includes the following variables for the female population of the City of Zagreb aged 15 or over: year of birth, number of liveborn children, highest completed education and place of birth. For analytical purposes, the data were aggre¬gated into eight five-year cohorts, with the oldest cohort born in 1930–1934 and the youngest in 1965–1969. Fertility is measured as the completed number of liveborn children per woman, which corresponds to the cohort fertility rate (CFR). The calculations are based on the standard analytical procedures used in cohort fertility analysis with census data or reproductive histories from surveys. Women are classified into four categories by migrant type: born in the City of Zagreb (native population), born in another city or another municipality in the Republic of Croatia (internal migrants), born in Bosnia and Herzegovina (external migrants – B&H), born abroad other than Bosnia and Herzegovina (external migrants – others). The 2011 census data on the number of live births are retrospective and based on the census question asking for the number of children a woman has ever had, including children who were no longer alive at the time of the census. The analysis is restricted to women born from 1930 (aged 80–81 at the time of the census) to 1969 (aged 41–42 at the time of the census), as younger women may have (more) children, while the fertility of women over 80 may be biased due to mortality and non-reporting of de¬ceased children. The analysis has shown significant differences in cohort fertility in the City of Zagreb by women’s place of birth. In all cohorts, the lowest completed fertility was achieved by women who were born in the City of Zagreb and (most likely) had no migration experience. In older cohorts, the highest fertility was recorded among women born in Bosnia and Herzegovina. In younger cohorts, fertility was highest for women born in other countries abroad. The substantial difference in completed fertility between older cohorts born in Bosnia and Herzegovina and those born in the City of Zagreb is not surprising, given that considerable differences in cohort fertility were observed between the equivalent cohorts in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. The comparison between cohort fertility rates in the City of Zagreb and Croatia shows that the cohort fertility rate in the City of Zagreb is about 0.25 (in younger co¬horts) and about 0.5 (in older cohorts) lower than in Croatia as a whole. The completed fertility of Zagreb-born women and those born elsewhere in Croatia slowly grew from older to younger cohorts (except for the youngest one). A similar trend, with some fluctuations, was observed for cohort fertility of women born abroad other than Bosnia and Herzegovina. On the other hand, completed fertility for the cohorts born in Bosnia and Herzegovina shows the opposite intercohort trend, with a notice¬able decline from the oldest to the youngest cohorts. Nevertheless, the overall cohort fertility trend is equal to that for the cohorts born in the City of Zagreb and the cohort of in-migrants from other cities/municipalities in Croatia. The share of childless women in the analysed City of Zagreb cohorts ranged from 11% to 15%, except for the youngest cohort (19%). The proportion of women who had only one child decreased from a relatively high 38% in the oldest cohort to 22– 23% in the cohorts born during the 1960s. The share of women of low parity (parities 0 and 1) decreased over time. While they represented a clear majority in the cohorts born in the 1930s, they account for below 40% in those born from 1945 to 1964. In these cohorts, in the City of Zagreb, the model of two-children families was prevalent, which is not surprising as in most post-socialist countries, having two children was a standard at the time. Women born in Bosnia and Herzegovina had lower childlessness rates than the other three categories. Women from the native cohort, especially older ones, have a rela¬tively high proportion of parity 1, while among women born in Bosnia and Herze¬govina, parity 1 is relatively low. There were no major differences in parity 2 among the analysed cohorts, with a slightly higher proportion of the two-children norm among women born in Croatia and somewhat lower in cohorts born abroad. This is expected because approximately half of the women born in the City of Zagreb in older cohorts no longer participated in reproduction after the first birth. On the other hand, women with higher parities (3 and 4+) dominate among women born in Bosnia and Herzegovina in older cohorts and among women born elsewhere abroad in the youngest cohorts. This is due to their relatively high progression to the third child (parity progression ratio 2→3 rose from 0.45 to 0.6). Interestingly, younger cohorts of women born in the City of Zagreb and the rest of Croatia are more represented in higher parities than the older cohorts. A possible explanation lies in the potentially disproportionately more significant impact of the second generation of the immigrant population whose parents were born abroad, but we should not ig¬nore numerous other economic, institutional and cultural factors of migrant fertility. In the City of Zagreb, the number and share of women with primary education has decreased, while the number and share of women with secondary and higher levels of education has increased. However, cohort fertility for all three educational groups has increased over time, with a slight decline in the youngest cohort among women with medium and high education. Probably due to the previous selectivity among the highly educated, the oldest cohort recorded a very low rate of completed fertility (about 1.1). The analysis has shown that the reproductive behaviour of in-migrants in the City of Zagreb differs from that of the native female population, depending on the place of origin. The difference between internal migrant women is minor – on average less than 0.1 children, with a convergence in the cohort fertility of younger cohorts. At the same time, the cohort fertility of women born abroad is significantly higher than of women born in Zagreb, on average by one child in older cohorts of women born in Bosnia and Herzegovina and by 0.5 children in younger cohorts born in other countries. Moving to the largest city in the country is apparently associated with lower fertility due to adaptation to high competition in the sphere of economic life on the one hand, and low urban reproductive norms on the other. The role of selective migration and the fact that individuals and couples who do not plan to have children disproportionately move to the largest urban centres should not be ignored either.
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Kim, Sung-Soo, and Hun-Sung Kim. "Comorbidity Patterns and Management in Inpatients with Endocrine Diseases by Age Groups in South Korea: Nationwide Data." Journal of Personalized Medicine 14, no. 1 (December 28, 2023): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm14010042.
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This study aimed to examine comorbidity associations across age groups of inpatients with endocrine diseases as the primary diagnosis throughout the life cycle to develop an effective management strategy. Data were obtained from the Korean National Hospital Discharge In-depth Injury Survey (KNHDS) from 2006 to 2021, involving 68,515 discharged patients aged ≥ 19 years with a principal diagnosis of endocrine disease. A database was constructed for analysis, extracting general characteristics and comorbidities. Employing R version 4.2.3, the Chi-squared test and the Apriori algorithm of ARM (association rule mining) were used for analyzing general characteristics and comorbidity associations. There were more women (53.1%) than men (46.9%) (p < 0.001, with women (61.2 ± 17.2) having a higher average age than men (58.6 ± 58.6) (p < 0.001). Common comorbidities include unspecified diabetes mellitus; essential (primary) hypertension; unspecified diabetes mellitus; and other disorders of fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance. Notably, type 2 diabetes mellitus, disorders of lipoprotein metabolism and other lipidemia, polyneuropathy in diseases classified elsewhere, retinal disorders in diseases classified elsewhere, and essential (primary) hypertension prevail across all age groups. Association rules further highlight specific comorbidities appearing selectively in certain age groups. In conclusion, establishing a management strategy for comorbidities in patients with a primary diagnosis of an endocrine disorder is necessary.
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Kopacz, Marek S., Cathleen P. Kane, Brady Stephens, and Wilfred R. Pigeon. "Use ofICD-9-CMDiagnosis Code V62.89 (Other Psychological or Physical Stress, Not Elsewhere Classified) Following a Suicide Attempt." Psychiatric Services 67, no. 7 (July 2016): 807–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.201500302.
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Leach, Stephen. "History, Ethics and Philosophy: Bernard Williams’ Appraisal of R. G. Collingwood." Journal of the Philosophy of History 5, no. 1 (2011): 36–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187226311x555446.
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AbstractThe author examines Williams’ appraisal of Collingwood both in his eponymous essay on Collingwood, in the posthumously published Sense of the Past (2006), and elsewhere in his work. The similarities and differences between their philosophies are explored: in particular, with regard to the relationship between philosophy and history and the relationship between the study of history and our present-day moral attitudes. It is argued that, despite Williams usually being classified as an analytic philosopher and Collingwood being classified as an idealist, there is substantial common ground between them. Williams was aware of this and made clear his sympathy for Collingwood; but, nonetheless, the relationship between Williams and Collingwood has not previously been explored in any detail. After establishing the common ground between these philosophers, and the areas of disagreement, the author suggests that both may have something to gain from the other.
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WALTON, JOHN K., and DAVID TIDSWELL. "‘Classified at random by veritable illiterates’: the taking of the Spanish census of 1920 in Guipúzcoa province." Continuity and Change 20, no. 2 (August 2005): 287–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0268416005005503.
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This article offers an approach through administrative and cultural history to the problems associated with gathering and processing data for the Spanish national census of 1920, and by implication for earlier Spanish censuses. It focuses on the Basque province of Guipúzcoa, making use of correspondence between the central statistical office in Madrid, the provincial jefe de estadística and the localities, and of reports on three problematic towns within the province. The issues that emerge regarding ‘undercounting’, the definition of administrative boundaries and the classification of demographic characteristics are set in the wider context of census-taking practices and problems elsewhere in Spain and in other cultures.
Books on the topic "Other engineering not elsewhere classified"
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Canada. Occupational Analysis and Classification Systems Division., ed. Canadian classification and dictionary of occupations, occupations in major groups: 91, transport equipment operating, 93, material handling, 95, other crafts and equipment operating, 99, occupations not elsewhere classified. [Ottawa]: Employment and Immigration Canada, 1986.
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Britain, Great. Manufacture of Other Transport Equipment Not Elsewhere Classified. Stationery Office Books, 1996.
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Grant, Jon E., and Marc N. Potenza. Overview of the Impulse Control Disorders Not Elsewhere Classified and Limitations of Knowledge. Edited by Jon E. Grant and Marc N. Potenza. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195389715.013.0012.
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Several disorders have been classified together in the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (4th ed.; DSM-IV) as impulse control disorders not elsewhere classified. These impulse control disorders have been grouped together based on perceived similarities in clinical presentation and hypothesized similarities in pathophysiologies. The question exists whether these disorders belong together or whether they should be categorized elsewhere. Examination of the family of impulse control disorders generates questions regarding the distinct nature of each disorder: whether each is unique or whether they represent variations of each other or other psychiatric disorders. Neurobiology may cut across disorders, and identifying important intermediary phenotypes will be important in understanding impulse control disorders and related entities. The distress of patients with impulse control disorders highlights the importance of examining these disorders. More comprehensive information has significant potential for advancing prevention and treatment strategies for those who suffer from disorders characterized by impaired impulse control.
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van Eeten, Michel J. G., and Emery Roe. Ecology, Engineering, and Management. Oxford University Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195139686.001.0001.
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Ecology, Engineering, and the Paradox of Management is the first book that addresses and reconciles what many take to be the core paradox facing environmental decision-makers and stakeholders: How do they restore the environment while at the same time provide ever more services reliably from that environment, including clean air, water and energy for more and more people? The book provides a conceptual framework, empirical case analyses, and organizational proposals to resolve the paradox, be it in the US, Europe, or elsewhere. Thus, Ecology, Engineering, and the Paradox of Management has multiple audiences. First are the key professions involved in the protection and improvement of ecosystems and in the provision and delivery of services from those ecosystems. These include ecologists (and other natural scientists such as conservation biologists, climatologists, forest scientists, and toxicologists), engineers (as well as hydrologists, environmental engineers, civil engineers, and line operators), modeling and gaming experts, managers, planners, and power, agriculture, and recreation communities. Another audience includes university researchers in ecology, conservation biology, engineering, the policy sciences, and resource management. Those interested in interdisciplinary approaches in these fields will also find the book especially helpful. Finally, those interested in the Everglades, the Columbia River Basin, San Francisco Bay-Delta, and the Green Heart of western Netherlands will find new insights here, as the book provides a detailed examination of the paradox in each of these cases.
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Mataix-Cols, David, and Odile A. van den Heuvel. Neuroanatomy of Obsessive Compulsive and Related Disorders. Edited by Gail Steketee. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195376210.013.0027.
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Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) shares features and often co-occurs with other anxiety disorders, as well as with other psychiatric conditions classified elsewhere in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV), the so-called “OCD spectrum disorders.” Neurobiologically, it is unclear how all these disorders relate to one another. The picture is further complicated by the clinical heterogeneity of OCD. This chapter will review the literature on the common and distinct neural correlates of OCD vis-à-vis other anxiety and “OCD spectrum” disorders. Furthermore, the question of whether partially distinct neural systems subserve the different symptom dimensions of OCD will be examined. Particular attention will be paid to hoarding, which is emerging as a distinct entity from OCD. Finally, new insights from cognitive and affective neuroscience will be reviewed before concluding with a summary and recommendations for future research.
Book chapters on the topic "Other engineering not elsewhere classified"
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Afy-Shararah, Mohamed, Sandeep Jagtap, Emanuele Pagone, and Konstantinos Salonitis. "Waste Minimization by Inventory Management in High-Volume High-Complexity Manufacturing Organizations." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 375–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28839-5_42.
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AbstractOrganizations that manufacture high volumes of complex products (e.g., pharmaceutical, automotive, food) require specific strategies to ensure efficient processing of parts and a sustainable level of inventory by waste minimization. A review of literature sources revealed how inventory is classified and managed amongst organizations and industries and key challenges that current organizations face with existing inventory management systems. In this paper, these findings are compared against each other to determine best practices and potential shortfalls that should be addressed when trying to manage inventory holistically. A study is then conducted using qualitative data from 15 semi-structured interviews to answer key questions on inventory management based on the findings from the literature survey. Responses are inductively coded and analyzed to reveal the most important factors of inventory management and determine the most prominent themes. A graphical model to represent the findings is also presented. Inventory functional accountability, inventory classification, operational strategies, visual management of inventory data, and efficient processes were some of the key themes known to be critical for effective inventory management and thus illustrated in the graphical model.
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Nyholm, Sven, and Kritika Maheshwari. "Offsetting Present Risks, Preempting Future Harms, and the Ethics of a ‘New Normal’." In Philosophy of Engineering and Technology, 147–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08424-9_8.
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AbstractThe ongoing pandemic has led some people to speak about a ‘new normal’, since we have temporarily had to radically change how we live our lives to protect ourselves and others from the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. That expression – ‘a new normal’ – has been also be used in other contexts, such as in relation to societal disruptions brought about by things like new technologies or climate change. What this general idea of a ‘new normal’ means is unclear and hard to characterise, and there are diverging views about how to respond to a new normal, but one feature of a desirable new normal that most people would agree on is that it should be ‘safer’: safer technologies, safer institutions, and so on. But it is also important to consider what other ethical considerations and principles should be part of an ethics of a new normal. And it is also interesting to explore similarities and differences among different types of cases that can be classified as situations where we face a new normal. In this chapter, we will discuss the general idea of an ethics of a new normal, and consider what ethical distinctions, values, and principles are likely to be relevant in most instances where we face a new normal, including ethical considerations related to risk mitigation and ways of offsetting potential harms.
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Gißke, Carola, Axel Fickert, and Hajo Wiemer. "Development of a System for the Evaluation and Recommendation of Solution Methods for Thermally Induced Errors on Machine Tools." In Lecture Notes in Production Engineering, 168–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34486-2_13.
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AbstractThermally-induced displacements cause large parts of residual machining errors on modern machine tools. Their transient behavior makes it difficult to manufacture with high accuracy. To still increase machining accuracy and to meet the demands of the industry, research offers various solution methods to minimize this error.Within the Collaborative Research Centre Transregio 96 (CRC/TR96), various solutions have been developed that either try to compensate the heat flow in the machine so that large temperature gradients and resulting displacements are avoided or aim to predict the amount and direction of the thermally induced deviation at the TCP.In order to make these solutions comparable, they were first consistently classified and analyzed in terms of their implementation effort and risks. Potential benefits were proved by measurements. The benefits and efforts identified in this way were evaluated with the help of a multi-criteria decision analysis method so that the feasibility and implementation effort of the various solutions can be estimated for manufacturers and users of machine tools.A software-based tool was developed to help interested industrial users to select a suitable process for their individual production scenario from the available processes via an input mask. The tool thus fulfills two aspects. On the one hand, it facilitates the transfer of the developed solutions into industrial applications. On the other hand, it documents the research status of the various solutions, shows potential for improvement, and new methods can be uniformly documented in the future and thus, made comparable.
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Chabannon, Christian, and Harry Dolstra. "Regulatory Aspects of ATMP Versus Minimally Manipulated Immune Cells." In The EBMT Handbook, 555–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-44080-9_62.
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AbstractIn 2023, three categories of therapeutic products obtained through the collection and subsequent engineering of hematopoietic cells exist and are valuable to patients treated for neoplastic diseases as well as a variety of nonneoplastic disorders: blood cell transfusions, stem and immune cell transplants, and cellular therapy medicinal products. The procurement and nature of various blood products and transfusion practices are described elsewhere in this handbook. In this chapter, we focus on hematopoietic cellular therapies as currently defined and managed in the FACT-JACIE International Standards for Hematopoietic Cellular Therapies (nowadays in version 8). Over the last two decades, major changes have occurred in the EU regulatory framework (as well as in other parts of the world, notably in the USA) that result in the coexistence of two categories of hematopoietic cellular therapies. Innovative and industry-manufactured somatic cell therapy or gene therapy medicinal products have entered the field at an accelerating pace since the last edition of this handbook. Some of them are distributed worldwide on a large scale, and a few of these medicinal products already complete or compete with traditional hematopoietic cell transplantation practices. We here update the description of organizational consequences of this historical transition for academic facilities and the new opportunities as well as challenges these advances are bringing to patients and healthcare practitioners, including strong needs for educational initiatives.
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Mikoš, Matjaž. "Landslides in Higher Education Curricula and Beyond." In Progress in Landslide Research and Technology, 167–81. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-44296-4_7.
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AbstractEducation is a human right and plays a decisive role in capacity building from the pre-school level to professional, under-, and postgraduate university study programmes in higher education institutions and beyond, such as summer schools or as a part of lifelong education for a general audience. It gives us a profession or helps the general population and diverse stakeholders (e.g., policy and decision makers) increase society’s resilience against natural hazards, such as landslides. Thus, education finds a principal place also in numerous international documents accepted by the UN organizations.The article looks at education as a topic of international strategic documents on disaster risk reduction. It uses diverse web tools and databases to assess worldwide efforts in teaching/education on landslides and their disaster risk reduction at higher education levels and beyond. The focus is on the higher education study programmes offering courses on slope stability and landslide mitigation. This topic is widely covered by study programmes in the field of disaster risk management and classical study programmes in civil, geological, geotechnical engineering, as well as in geology and geography. The second cycle covers the landslide topic, i. e. master study programmes and university programmes are prevailing. There is an apparent lack of academic programmes offered as blended programmes or distance learning programmes in disaster risk reduction, including landslide risk. Certificates and diploma levels prevail among academic programmes offered as online courses or continuing education.The web search found a few (summer) schools dedicated to landslide topics and a variety of other open-access material that can be used for education and capacity building, such as blogs, databases, teaching tools, presentations, or video lectures.The International Consortium on Landslides might offer collected information in this article on its web pages under the topic “Educational tools” and then open it up to their members and landslide community to contribute to the content by sending links to elsewhere freely available educational material in landslide disaster risk reduction.
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Read, David S., Nicholas R. Werse, and Leanne Howell. "Why Women Go Elsewhere." In Handbook of Research on Exploring Gender Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion Through an Intersectional Lens, 311–29. IGI Global, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-8412-8.ch015.
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Women earn less than 25% of undergraduate computer science (CS) degrees and hold less than 25% of CS jobs (National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, 2019; U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2021). However, they earn over 50% of all undergraduate degrees and hold over 50% of professional jobs in other disciplines. Despite decades of research demonstrating the issue of women's underrepresentation in the CS industry, the problem persists to the detriment of both women and the broader society that the CS industry serves. To explore the reasons for this persistence, in this chapter, the authors examine existing scholarship on women's underrepresentation in the CS field to argue that understanding women's views of CS provides a platform for designing and implementing effective educational programs that better align with the goals of bringing more women into CS.
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Boguski, Mark S., James Ostell,, and David J. States. "Molecular Sequence Data-Bases and Their Uses." In Protein Engineering, 57–88. Oxford University PressOxford, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199631391.003.0003.
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Abstract Introduction There are many aspects of nucleic acid and amino acid sequences pertinent to protein engineering. For example, promoters and other types of non-coding regulatory DNA and RNA can be studied and manipulated with the purpose of designing transcription and translation units for maximal expression of natural or mutated proteins in heterologous systems. However, this topic is covered elsewhere in this volume (Chapters 13–15) and for present purposes we consider nucleic acid sequences only as additional sources of conceptually translated protein sequences. The study of natural sequence variation in protein families also has obvious implications for protein design and engineering but will not be dealt with here (see Chapter 14).
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Lokeswari, Y. Venkataramana, Venkata Vara Prasad D., Shomona Gracia Jacob, Mohamed Musaraf P. M., Babu Aravind, and P. B. Mohanram. "Rating-Based Guidance System for Public Safety Using Classified Localities." In Advances in Systems Analysis, Software Engineering, and High Performance Computing, 309–29. IGI Global, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-1702-0.ch016.
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To automate the manual SOS procedure given in Kavalan mobile application and to provide users a safe path by the given source and destination (from the users). This work uses regression algorithms such as linear regression, decision trees, or support vector machines (SVM) to predict the rating for a current zone which can be used as input for generating the graph with rating as weights and the graph is used as the input for the Dijkstra algorithm which produces the safest path based on the rating. Thus, this path can be used to navigate the public safely to their destination while avoiding unsafe zones. Furthermore, a feedback form is available using which the user can provide textual as well as numerical feedback regarding the places they travel. Decision tree regression provides an accuracy of 89.4% compared with the other regression models since the dataset is categorical and less in size. The safety path is also being produced using Dijkstra's algorithm and the feedback is analysed using the T5 model.
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Sree, K. T., R. Anil Kumar, and G. Rama Naidu. "A Future Awareness for Healthcare Applications Using Data Mining." In Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/atde220732.
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This research report showcases various data mining (DM) techniques such as Classification, Regression, and Clustering in brief and also discusses the aptest framework method for the healthcare industry, CRISP-DM. This report also explores the various data mining applications in the healthcare industry. DM is utilized to extract the data from a lot of information. DM includes two models, predictive and descriptive. Classifying data is to form classes either with the final objective of learning new antiques or searching new areas. This is why specialists have for many years tried to locate the enshrouded examples in the knowledge that can be classified and contrasted as well as other concepts which are the result of common principles.
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Ur Rehman, Zahid, Sajjad Hussain, Noor Mohammad, Akhtar Gul, and Bushra Nawaz. "Design Techniques in Rock and Soil Engineering." In Slope Engineering. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.90195.
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At the initial stage of tunnel design, the tunnel stability can be assessed by different design techniques which are broadly classified into three categories i.e. Mathematical Analysis, Empirical Methods and Numerical Analysis. Mathematical methods or closed form solutions are more precise methods; however, its use is limited to simple geometries and almost impossible for complex geometries due to complex and tedious calculations involved. In practice, Empirical and Numerical Methods are usually used for stability analysis of tunnels. It should be noted that it is not the replacement of final design. Empirical design methods use information about the structural geology and other rock mass properties as input that can be easily obtained at the initial stage of a project. Numerical Methods commonly require mechanical properties, especially strength and deformation of rocks. Numerical methods are also considered as precise due to provision of allowance for variable inputs and geometry and having ability for sensitivity analysis. It is good practice to evaluate the stability of tunnels using at least two Empirical methods and validated through Numerical methods.
Conference papers on the topic "Other engineering not elsewhere classified"
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Marchenko, Nataliya. "Navigation in the Russian Arctic: Sea Ice Caused Difficulties and Accidents." In ASME 2013 32nd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2013-10546.
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The 5 Russian Arctic Seas have common features, but differ significantly from each other in the sea ice regime and navigation specifics. Navigation in the Arctic is a big challenge, especially during the winter season. However, it is necessary, due to limited natural resources elsewhere on Earth that may be easier for exploitation. Therefore sea ice is an important issue for future development. We foresee that the Arctic may become ice free in summer as a result of global warming and even light yachts will be able to pass through the Eastern Passage. There have been several such examples in the last years. But sea ice is an inherent feature of Arctic Seas in winter, it is permanently immanent for the Central Arctic Basin. That is why it is important to get appropriate knowledge about sea ice properties and operations in ice conditions. Four seas, the Kara, Laptev, East Siberian, and Chukchi have been examined in the book “Russian Arctic Seas. Navigation Condition and Accidents”, Marchenko, 2012 [1]. The book is devoted to the eastern sector of the Arctic, with a description of the seas and accidents caused by heavy ice conditions. The traditional physical-geographical characteristics, information about the navigation conditions and the main sea routes and reports on accidents that occurred in the 20th century have reviewed. An additional investigation has been performed for more recent accidents and for the Barents Sea. Considerable attention has been paid to problems associated with sea ice caused by the present development of the Arctic. Sea ice can significantly affect shipping, drilling, and the construction and operation of platforms and handling terminals. Sea ice is present in the main part of the east Arctic Sea most of the year. The Barents Sea, which is strongly influenced and warmed by the North Atlantic Current, has a natural environment that is dramatically different from those of the other Arctic seas. The main difficulties with the Barents Sea are produced by icing and storms and in the north icebergs. The ice jet is the most dangerous phenomenon in the main straits along the Northern Sea Route and in Chukchi Seas. The accidents in the Arctic Sea have been classified, described and connected with weather and ice conditions. Behaviour of the crew is taken into consideration. The following types of the ice-induced accidents are distinguished: forced drift, forced overwintering, shipwreck, and serious damage to the hull in which the crew, sometimes with the help of other crews, could still save the ship. The main reasons for shipwrecks and damages are hits of ice floes (often in rather calm ice conditions), ice nipping (compression) and drift. Such investigation is important for safety in the Arctic.
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Shibutani, Tadahiro, Tetsu Tsuruga, Qiang Yu, and Masaki Shiratori. "Interface Strength Between Sub-Micron Thin Films in Opening and Sliding Delamination Modes." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-39631.
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Delamination between thin films is classified into two types: opening mode and sliding mode. Corresponding to each mode, there is the interface strength between thin films. This paper aims to evaluate interface strength between the sub-micron thin films for opening mode and sliding mode, respectively. We already developed the evaluation method of interface fracture toughness for opening mode on the basis of fracture mechanics concept elsewhere. Moreover, the evaluation method of sliding mode is proposed and the interface strength between thin films for an advanced LSI is evaluated as the fracture toughness by using both methods. In both modes, the stress singularity appears in the vicinity of the edge of interface and governs the delamination. The criterion of crack initiation for each mode is evaluated as the interface toughness. The fracture toughness at the edge of interface in sliding mode is lower than that in opening mode.
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Chen, Chao, Svetlana Ostrovskaya, and Jorge Angeles. "The Kinematics of Wheeled Mobile Robots With Dual-Wheel Transmission Units." In ASME 2004 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2004-57575.
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The Dual-Wheel Transmission (DWT) unit, an innovative driving mechanism for wheeled mobile robots (WMRs), was introduced elsewhere. In this paper we conduct the direct and inverse kinematic analysis of WMRs with such units. This analysis can be applied as well to other types of WMRs equipped with conventional wheels. Both central and offset types of wheel units are discussed. The closed form symbolic solutions provided in this paper may reduce the computational complexity, as required in the real time control of such systems. Furthermore, the underlying relations reveal the geometric and physical meanings of the constraints imposed on the robots at hand.
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Kœchlin, Pierre, and Serguei¨ Potapov. "Specificity of Aircraft Crash Compared to Other Missile Impacts." In 16th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone16-48946.
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Before modeling an aircraft crash on a shield building, it is very important to understand the physical phenomena and the structural behavior associated with this kind of impact. In the scientific literature, aircraft crash is classified as a soft impact, or as an impact of deformable missile. Nevertheless the existing classifications are not precise enough to be able to predict the structural response mode. In this paper, the author proposes a quantitative classification of soft and hard impacts, based on structural considerations, and in accordance with existing definitions and moreover with intuition. The experimental tests carried out during the last thirty years in the research field of aircraft crash are reviewed in the light of the new classification. It shows that this characterization has a real physical meaning: it gives the limit between two kinds of failure. Furthermore, since it is on one hand an a priori classification and on the other hand expressed in terms of non-dimension variables, it is very helpful to calibrate new experimental tests for aircraft crash. Finally, using this classification, the paper explains that during an aircraft crash, the perforation process of a concrete shield building is the result of structural waves (bending and shear waves). It opens the way to a prediction of aircraft crash perforation based on a criterion expressed in terms of stress resultant variables (combined bending moment, shear force and membrane force).
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Jafarzadeh, Sepideh, and Harald Ellingsen. "Environmental Regulations in Shipping: Interactions and Side Effects." In ASME 2016 35th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2016-54646.
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The shipping sector progressively faces stricter environmental regulations. Several technical and operational measures are available to ship owners and operators in order to comply with these regulations. While some measures are successful in reducing emissions of a pollutant, they may increase emissions of other pollutants. In addition, there may be interactions between regulations on environmental impacts on sea and air. In some other cases, despite the success of these measures in reducing environmental footprints of ships, the environmental problem may shift elsewhere in the life cycle. Therefore, there may be a trade-off between different environmental controls and, in a broader context, a trade-off between environmental impacts at a life stage and overall environmental goals. Although several studies focus on addressing individual regulations, few acknowledge such interactions. This study aims at highlighting the side effects of different measures to address environmental regulations.
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Shieh, Win-Bin, Frederick Sun, and Dar-Zen Chen. "On the Topological Representation and Compatibility of Variable Topology Mechanisms." In ASME 2009 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2009-87205.
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Variable topology mechanisms can serve many design functions with only one mechanism through changing their topology, these mechanisms have raised broad interest and attracted many studies in recent years, yet few have consolidated the different types of these mechanisms, nor discussed them in the light of the space they operate in. This work classified the variable topology mechanisms, and presented an expression of the mechanism’s working space. Variable topology mechanisms are classified into three types, topology changed by intrinsic constraints, topology changed by joint geometry change, and topology changed by external constraints. The causes and effects of various constraints inducing a topology change are described with the operating space, compatibility characteristics of joints, loops, and working stages with the operating space are established, verifying whether joints will constraint and lock up each other. The admissible operating space for a loop interface pairs so that loops are compatible, and the requisites of different working stages being workable with each other are identified. As a result, some basic requirements for admissible variable topology mechanisms are unveiled, laying a foundation stone for systematical synthesis of variable topology mechanisms.
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Steeves, Craig A., Ming Y. He, Lorenzo Valdevit, Scott Kasen, Hossein Haj-Hariri, Haydn N. G. Wadley, and Anthony G. Evans. "Metallic Structural Heat Pipes as Sharp Leading Edges for Mach 7 Vehicles." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-42397.
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Sharp leading edges on hypersonic vehicles experience very large heating loads and consequent high temperatures. One strategy for for accommodating these effects is to provide very high effectively thermal conductivity which allows heat to be transferred from the hot leading edge to large cool surfaces for radiation into space. Heat pipes integrated within metallic leading edges provide this function, as well as being easy to manufacture and highly robust compared to other material choices. This paper will examine the feasibility of metallic leading edge heat pipes for hypersonic vehicles in Mach 7 flight. Using temperatures and heat fluxes calculated elsewhere, analytic approximations of the temperature distributions and stresses in a prototypical system are analyzed. The analysis is supplemented and confirmed by finite element calculations. Feasibility of the system is assessed by simple calculations on the operational limits of heat pipes.
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Thubrikar, Mano J., and Francis Robicsek. "Artery as a Pressure Vessel: Correlation Between Stress Concentration and Pathology." In ASME 1999 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1999-0383.
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Abstract Arterial disease most often can be classified in one of two categories — aneurysm and atherosclerosis. Interestingly enough these diseases affect the artery only at certain locations rather than the whole organ, i.e., the diseases have predilection for certain sites. Furthermore, some of the sites are common to both the diseases and at some sites, not so infrequently, the diseases occur together one preceding the other.
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Verner, Kelley M., Lee T. Ostrom, and Michael G. McKellar. "Utilizing Waste Heat From Hybrid Energy Systems for Pyrolysis and Other Processes." In ASME 2016 10th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2016 Power Conference and the ASME 2016 14th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2016-59355.
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Nuclear reactor systems present a promising sustainable energy source for the future. Simply, a nuclear reactor heats a coolant that powers a turbine to create electricity. The coolant then can either be re-cooled or can be used for process heat applications. By utilizing the heat off the reactor less energy is wasted. A few of the proposed uses of the wasted heat are water desalination, hydrogen production, or pyrolysis. Nuclear power plants most often provide baseload power and are very inflexible. One way to address this is to use nuclear hybrid energy systems. The goal of this research is to create a system that mimics the waste heat from a reactor, demonstrates how to utilize that heat, and shows that when energy demand is low the reactor does not need to reduce power; the energy can be directed elsewhere to create goods. We have developed an Energy Conversion Loop to act as a testbed for experimentation of the aforementioned processes and test the possibility of nuclear hybrid energy systems. The current design consists of a series of heat exchangers that transfer heat between hot air 427 °C (800 °F) and room temperature water. Each loop of the system mimics a type of process that can be tested with a waste heat application. Early models show the system is capable of producing air temperatures near 427 °C (800 °F) and steam temperatures of 154.4 °C (310 °F). These temperatures match needed process heat temperatures for pyrolysis, multi-effect distillation, and multi-stage flash distillation and can be used to simulate other processes for lab scale testing of wasted process heat. Physical testing will be completed in the future to confirm these results.
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Yang, Ting-Li, Qiong Jin, An-Xin Liu, Fang-Hua Yao, and Yu-Feng Luo. "Structure Synthesis of 4-DOF (3-Translation and 1-Rotation) Parallel Robot Mechanisms Based on the Units of Single-Opened-Chain." In ASME 2001 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2001/dac-21152.
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Abstract Based on the units of single-opened-chain limb, some topological characteristics of rank-degenerate parallel robot mechanisms are revealed, and a systematic and effective new method for structure synthesis of 4-DOF (3-translation and 1-rotation) parallel robot mechanism is put forward in this paper. 50 new mechanisms are synthesized and classified. The method proposed in this paper is of universal significance and has been used for the structure synthesis of rank-degenerate parallel robot mechanisms with other kinematics output types.