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Journal articles on the topic 'Other Earth Sciences'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 September 2023

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1

Gvishiani, A. D., M. N. Dobrovolsky, B. V. Dzeranov, and B. A. Dzeboev. "Big Data in Geophysics and Other Earth Sciences." Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth 58, no. 1 (February 2022): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1069351322010037.

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2

Stankus, Tony. "Sciences of the Solid Earth and Other Planets." Serials Librarian 27, no. 2-3 (April 8, 1996): 199–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j123v27n02_17.

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3

Shorttle, Oliver, Natalie R. Hinkel, and Cayman T. Unterborn. "Why Geosciences and Exoplanetary Sciences Need Each Other." Elements 17, no. 4 (August 1, 2021): 229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/gselements.17.4.229.

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The study of planets outside our Solar System may lead to major advances in our understanding of the Earth and may provide insight into the universal set of rules by which planets form and evolve. To achieve these goals requires applying geoscience’s wealth of Earth observations to fill in the blanks left by the necessarily minimal exoplanetary observations. In turn, many of Earth’s one-offs—plate tectonics, surface liquid water, a large moon, and life: long considered as “Which came first?” conundrums for geoscientists—may find resolution in the study of exoplanets that possess only a subset of these phenomena.

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4

Dobrovolski, Serguei, Mariia Istomina, and Irina Lebedeva. "On the myths in hydrology and in other earth sciences." E3S Web of Conferences 163 (2020): 06004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016306004.

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Following scientific myths, which are widely spread in hydrology and in other earth sciences, are discussed. (1) The total water mass on land surface statistically significantly diminishes during last century. (2) Many time series of annual river runoff demonstrate nonstationary character. (3) The first-order Markov chain is a dominating model in the stochastic description of the long time series of annual runoff. (4) Because of the global heating, annual discharges of the northern rivers will inevitably grow during the 21st century. (5) The main contribution to uncertainty of the forecast of the runoff through the end of the 21st century is made by uncertainty in scenarios of emission of greenhouse gases and divergences in results of modeling of the climatic system by GCMs. (6) The most shocking myth: the idea of the deterministic positive trend within the mean global temperature during last 100 years.

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5

DICKSON, D. "U.K. Earth Sciences: Some More Equal Than Others?: A scheme for "rationalizing" earth science departments is generating controversy; other fields nervously await their turn." Science 240, no. 4857 (June 3, 1988): 1270–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.240.4857.1270.

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6

Reimold, W. U. "Revolutions in the Earth Sciences: Continental Drift, Impact and other Catastrophes." South African Journal of Geology 110, no. 1 (March 1, 2007): 1–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gssajg.110.1.1.

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7

Unfer, Louis. "History of the Earth Sciences at Southeast Missouri State University." Earth Sciences History 4, no. 1 (January 1, 1985): 69–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/eshi.4.1.f2160035u6854p28.

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The history of Southeast Missouri State University parallels that of other teacher education institutions. It started as Southeast Missouri Normal School in 1873 and reached university status in 1972. A department of Geology and Geography was established in 1909, becoming the Geography Department in 1915. In 1924, the sciences were combined into the Science Department. In 1960, this became the Division of Science and Mathematics and the Department of Earth Sciences was formed. An earth science major began in 1937, with separate geology and geography majors established in 1958. Recently the Department has developed more specialized, job-oriented programs in mining geology and in cartography. Since 1983 the Department has also operated a field camp, headquartered on the campus of Dixie College, St. George, Utah.

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8

Allègre, Claude, and Vincent Courtillot. "Revolutions in the earth sciences." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 354, no. 1392 (December 29, 1999): 1915–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1999.0531.

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The 20th century has been a century of scientific revolutions for many disciplines: quantum mechanics in physics, the atomic approach in chemistry, the nonlinear revolution in mathematics, the introduction of statistical physics. The major breakthroughs in these disciplines had all occurred by about 1930. In contrast, the revolutions in the so–called natural sciences, that is in the earth sciences and in biology, waited until the last half of the century. These revolutions were indeed late, but they were no less deep and drastic, and they occurred quite suddenly. Actually, one can say that not one but three revolutions occurred in the earth sciences: in plate tectonics, planetology and the environment. They occurred essentially independently from each other, but as time passed, their effects developed, amplified and started interacting. These effects continue strongly to this day.

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9

Chakraborty, Sumit. "Diffusion Studies in Earth and Planetary Sciences." Defect and Diffusion Forum 237-240 (April 2005): 1081–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.237-240.1081.

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The use of atomic diffusion processes to understand the origin and evolution of the Earth and other Planetary systems are briefly reviewed in this paper. I outline some situations to illustrate how diffusion modeling may find varied applications in the Earth and Planetary Sciences. Some possible areas of research are described where advances in Geosciences may benefit researchers interested in diffusion processes in other fields. These include measurement of diffusion rates under high pressures, studies in multicomponent diffusion and modelling of diffusion and point defect related processes in multiphase and multicomponent non-metallic systems. Finally, I outline some areas where input from specialists in other areas may advance knowledge in the Geosciences.

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10

Showstack, Randy. "Searching for other Earth-like planets." Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union 90, no. 11 (2009): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2009eo110006.

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11

Trevisani, Sebastiano. "Geocomputing, New Technologies and Historical Analysis: Tools for a Changing Planet." Proceedings 30, no. 1 (November 6, 2019): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019030009.

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Modern Earth Scientists need also to interact with other disciplines, apparently far from the Earth Sciences and Engineering. Disciplines related to history and philosophy of science are emblematic from this perspective. From one side, the quantitative analysis of information extracted from historical records (documents, maps, paintings, etc.) represents an exciting research topic, requiring a truly holistic approach. On the other side, epistemological and philosophy of science considerations on the relationship between geoscience and society in history are of fundamental importance for understanding past, present and future geosphere-anthroposphere interlinked dynamics.

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12

Rhebergen, F. "Ordovician sponges (Porifera) and other silicifications from Baltica in Neogene and Pleistocene fluvial deposits of the Netherlands and northern Germany." Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 58, no. 1 (2009): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3176/earth.2009.1.03.

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13

Takebayashi, Tomohiro, and Yoshisuke Kumano. "Importance of development of STEM education for petrology and mineralogy." Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan IPA 4, no. 1 (April 9, 2018): 98–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/jipi.v4i1.18525.

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Rocks and minerals are very important materials for studying Earth Sciences. They are used to investigate the planetary history and evolution and are utilized as resources to support our lives. At present, it is critical for all countries to secure a stable supply of mineral resources, and it is necessary to understand the deposits and the growing mechanisms of minerals. In Japan, elementary and junior high school students study igneous and sedimentary rocks and some other kinds of minerals. In this research, we conducted a questionnaire for 154 Japanese junior high school students to investigate their 1) knowledge of minerals, and 2) petrology and mineralogy with respect to usefulness of rocks and minerals to our living. First, about 95% of the students could answer the names of the stone, including those who mainly answered jewel names. However, ~56% students could not answer the benefits of minerals.In high school, 36% students learned Basic Earth Sciences and 1.2% learned Earth Sciences (MEXT 2017). There is concern that most of the Japanese people have few opportunities to learn Earth Sciences. As NGSS showed in 2013, Earth and Space Science are major fields of STEM learning. Conclusively, it is necessary to stop memorizing subjects and instead modify the Earth Sciences with respect to STEM education. In this paper, we discuss the student’s attitudes towards petrology and mineralogy so as to propose the Earth STEM education.

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14

Ross, Nancy L., and David R. Cole. "Neutrons “101” – A Primer for Earth Scientists." Elements 17, no. 3 (June 1, 2021): 155–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/gselements.17.3.155.

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The fundamental properties of the neutron make it a powerful tool for Earth science investigations because neutrons provide information that cannot be obtained by any other research method. This is because neutrons are magnetically sensitive, nondestructive, and sensitive to the lighter elements, such as hydrogen. They provide a unique, nondestructive method for obtaining information ranging from Ångstrom-scale atomic structures (and related motions) to micron-scale material strain, stress, and texture, and even up to meso-scale porous matrices and defects in materials and functional components. In this article, we introduce neutrons and their unique properties, neutron production and sources, and provide an overview of the different types of neutron methods applicable to the Earth sciences.

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15

Sousa, C. "Inquiry learning for gender equity using History of Science in Life and Earth Sciences’ learning environments." Multidisciplinary Journal for Education, Social and Technological Sciences 3, no. 1 (March 22, 2016): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/muse.2016.3762.

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<p>The main objective of the present work is the selection and integration of objectives and methods of education for gender equity within the Life and Earth Sciences’ learning environments in the current portuguese frameworks of middle and high school. My proposal combines inquiry learning-teaching methods with the aim of promoting gender equity, mainly focusing in relevant 20th century women-scientists with a huge contribute to the History of Science.</p><p>The hands-on and minds-on activities proposed for high scholl students of Life and Earth Sciences onstitute a learnig environment enriched in features of science by focusing on the work of two scientists: Lynn Margulis (1938-2011) and her endosymbiosis theory of the origin of life on Earth and Inge Leehman (1888-1993) responsible for a breakthrough regarding the internal structure of Earth, by caracterizing a discontinuity within the nucleus, contributing to the current geophysical model. For middle scholl students the learning environment includes Inge Leehman and Mary Tharp (1920-2006) and her first world map of the ocean floor. My strategy includes features of science, such as: theory-laden nature of scientific knowledge, models, values and socio-scientific issues, technology contributes to science and feminism. </p><p>In conclusion, I consider that this study may constitute an example to facilitate the implementation, by other teachers, of active inquiry strategies focused on features of science within a framework of social responsibility of science, as well as the basis for future research. </p>

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16

Lanchakov, Aleksandr B., Sergei A. Filin, and Aleksei Zh Yakushev. "ROLE OF “EARTH” PRODUCTION FACTOR AMONG OTHER PRODUCTION FACTORS." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 11/3, no. 131 (2022): 152–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2022.11.03.019.

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The purpose of the article is to propose recommendations to increase the role of the “earth” production factor among other factors of production. Models of the innovative multiplier-accelerator are presented, forming a synergistic effect in the interaction of production factors “earth” and “knowledge capital”. It is concluded that with the transition of the economy to the 6th technological structure, the increasing contribution to the economic growth of the capital of knowledge embodied in the relevant factors of production and the forms of their joint or autonomous functioning may, along with investments in fixed assets, affect stimulated investments and changes in the total income of the state (the effect of an innovative multiplier-accelerator), repeatedly strengthening the importance of the investment component of economic growth also in traditional investment objects in the real sector of the economy, including in natural resources.

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17

Chakib, Abdellatif, Ghalem Zahour, Mohammed Talbi, and Ahmed Sayad. "Evaluation of the department of Earth sciences and universe through teachers." World Journal on Educational Technology: Current Issues 9, no. 4 (November 17, 2017): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/wjet.v9i4.2506.

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In this study, we are interested in the evaluation of the department of the Earth Sciences and Universe (Science de la Terre & l'Univers - STU), Faculty of Science Ben MSik, Casablanca, Morocco, through teachers of the department of Geology.The accomplishment of this work passes through an evaluation that was carried out firstly through a satisfaction survey and secondly, a questionnaire containing questions related to the profile of the teachers, program and educational strategies of discipline offering training to the level of Bachelor. We used Sphinx software to analyze the data through the application, namely, flat table, the crossing of the questions and the specifications table. The goal is to evaluate training within the department of STU in quality and quantity. This research allowed us to identify many problems of the students who enrolled in this department.In other words these results are response elements that would help improve the teaching-learning of the STU field. Keywords: Evaluation, STU, survey, questionnaire, teachers, Morocco.

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18

Shirazy, Adel Shirazy, Aref Shirazy, and Hamed Nazerian. "Application of Remote Sensing in Earth Sciences – A Review." International journal of Science and Engineering Applications 10, no. 05 (April 18, 2021): 045–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.7753/ijsea1005.1001.

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The application of remote sensing sciences in the field of geology is very diverse and wide. One of its most important applications in earth sciences is geological mapping. Mineral exploration using remote sensing techniques is done in different ways, one of them is the mapping alteration zones related to mineral resources. Given the importance of remote sensing and geosciences in today's industry and given that deposit-related alteration areas are one of the most important exploratory keys. in this review study the mapping methods and alteration zones detection using remote sensing techniques and other applications of remote sensing in earth sciences and its generalities are explained.

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19

Gugalinskaya, L. A., and V. M. Alifanov. "Cooperation of pedology with other sciences upon studying soil evolution." Eurasian Soil Science 39, S1 (December 2006): S15—S19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1064229306130047.

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20

Armstrong, Anna. "Erratum: Climate Science: The other greenhouse effect." Nature Geoscience 2, no. 1 (December 3, 2008): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ngeo406.

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21

Ware, N. G. "Energy-dispersive x-ray microanalysis in the earth sciences." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 50, no. 2 (August 1992): 1740–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100133333.

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The electron microprobe analyser (EMPA) is used extensively for the analysis of the constituent minerals in rocks and the samples generated by experimental petrology apparatus. These analyses, combined with the results of field observations and data from other analytical techniques, are used in petrogenetic studies and hence in the determination of planetary formation and evolution. In turn, this knowledge helps the mining industry in their mineral exploration programs.In the 1960s almost all geological usage of the EMPA was confined to the x-ray spectrometry of L3-K lines of elements of atomic number 11 through 30 (Na through Zn). By the end of this decade semi conductor technology had advanced so that these x-ray lines could be resolved using a lithium-drifted silicon detector working as an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). Quantitative EDS software was developed in the early 1970s and it became possible to perform major element analyses of silicates, oxides, carbonates and sulphides using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) fitted with an EDS.

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22

Jackson, Rob. "Rebuilding." BioScience 70, no. 9 (September 2020): 832. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biaa091.

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Abstract Enriching BioScience's role as a Forum for Integrating the Life Sciences, Arts in Science provides an occasional venue for poems, visual art, and other forms of artistic expression that explore and enliven our understanding of life. Through the contributions in this section, we hope to share with our readers the passion for nature that science inspires. These contributions are from Rob Jackson, professor, Earth System Science; Senior Fellow, Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment; and Senior Fellow, Precourt Institute for Energy, at Stanford University, in California.

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23

Jackson, Rob. "Platypus." BioScience 70, no. 9 (September 2020): 833. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biaa104.

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Abstract Enriching BioScience's role as a Forum for Integrating the Life Sciences, Arts in Science provides an occasional venue for poems, visual art, and other forms of artistic expression that explore and enliven our understanding of life. Through the contributions in this section, we hope to share with our readers the passion for nature that science inspires. This contribution is from Rob Jackson, professor, Earth System Science; Senior Fellow, Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment; and Senior Fellow, Precourt Institute for Energy, at Stanford University, in California.

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24

Shahvisi, Arianne. "Ecofeminism: feminist intersections with other animals and the earth." Journal of Gender Studies 25, no. 1 (January 2, 2016): 112–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09589236.2015.1126400.

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25

Alexander, Mihili. "The “other Other” perspective." Ata: Journal of Psychotherapy Aotearoa New Zealand 26, no. 1 (July 30, 2022): 39–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.9791/ajpanz.2022.03.

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Aotearoa New Zealand is a bicultural nation, yet home to peoples of many different ethnicities. Among the many immigrants to these shores are a growing number of non-indigenous ethnic minority psychotherapists. This article draws on findings from a small qualitative study with four non-indigenous ethnic minority psychotherapists practicing and residing in Aotearoa New Zealand, to explore and understand their lived experiences. Additionally, current literature is drawn upon to supplement findings and to reflect on what it means for non- indigenous ethnic minorities to encounter and exist within a bicultural sphere. He iwi tikanga rua a Aotearoa Niu Tīreni, ahakoa tonu he kāinga ki te mātawaka. Kai roto i te manene maha ki tēnei whenua, e rahi haere ake ana nga kaiwhakaora hinengaro manene iwi hauiti. He tirohanga tā tēnei tuhinga ki ngā hua puta ake i tētahi mātai ine kounga i waenga i ētahi kaiwhakaora hinengaro manene hauiti tokowhā e mahi ana e noho ana i Aotearoa Niu Tīreni kia kite kia mātau ki ō rātau wheako koiora. I tua atu ka honoa atu ngā tuhinga o ēnei rā hai kīnaki i ngā hua, ka āta whai whakaaro ai hoki he pēhea tēnei āhua ki ngā iwi ehara i te tangata whenua , ā, he iwi hauiti ki te tuki ki te whaiora i roto i te awe o tikanga ruatanga.

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26

Alves, Carlos, Carlos Figueiredo, and Jorge Sanjurjo-Sánchez. "Remote Operations Could Be the Future for Earth Sciences Teaching: A Speculative Discussion." Environmental Sciences Proceedings 5, no. 1 (December 1, 2020): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iecg2020-08736.

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The current COVID-19 pandemic has created havoc in the regular workings of many institutions, such as those dedicated to teaching; therefore, there is an urge for alternatives to traditional face-to-face teaching. However, for certain subjects, such as Earth Sciences, distance-teaching approaches could be seen as counterintuitive to the essential foundations of the subject (where empirical information, especially from fieldwork, is considered paramount for its foundation and growth). In this work, we consider remote operations that could complement, improve, and perhaps even replace the traditional approach for teaching Earth Sciences, potentially producing better learning outcomes, even in relation to laboratory and fieldwork, including studies involving locations outside of planet Earth. Additionally, we consider the possible advantages for other professional settings related to this area, such as those concerning terrain characterization for engineering works, mineral resources, and environmental studies, as well as possible support for space missions and stations in other astronomical bodies (where mineral exploration and extraction could be developed and, hence, benefit from remote operations).

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27

Pham, Phuc Van. "A new era for the Science and Technology Development Journal." Science and Technology Development Journal 21, no. 1 (April 28, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v21i1.425.

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The Science and Technology Development Journal (STDJ) is the official scientific publication of the Viet Nam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam (VNUHCM). The STDJ was firstly published in 1998 to aim push the publication activities of students, researchers, and scientists of VNUHCM. Since then, STDJ has become the most important scientific forum of scientists from VNU-HCM as well as other universities. The journal has undergone 20 years of development and has become a bridge for scientific exchanges, as well as enriching reference materials for the faculty, doctoral students, students of VNU-HCM in particular and other universities, institutes... By the end of 2017, the journal has published 296 issues with about 3000 articles in five areas of research: Engineering and Technology, Natural Sciences, Social Sciences and Humanities, Economics of Law and Management Sciences, Earth Sciences and Environment.

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28

Lineweaver, Charles H., and Aditya Chopra. "The Habitability of Our Earth and Other Earths: Astrophysical, Geochemical, Geophysical, and Biological Limits on Planet Habitability." Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 40, no. 1 (May 30, 2012): 597–623. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-earth-042711-105531.

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29

Quigley, Mark C., Wendy Saunders, Chris Massey, Russ Van Dissen, Pilar Villamor, Helen Jack, and Nicola Litchfield. "The utility of earth science information in post-earthquake land-use decision-making: the 2010–2011 Canterbury earthquake sequence in Aotearoa New Zealand." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 20, no. 12 (December 11, 2020): 3361–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-20-3361-2020.

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Abstract. Earth science information (data, knowledge, advice) can enhance the evidence base for land-use decision-making. The utility of this information depends on factors including the context and objectives of land-use decisions, the timeliness and efficiency with which earth science information is delivered, and the strength, relevance, uncertainties, and risks assigned to earth science information relative to other inputs. We investigate land-use decision-making practices in Christchurch, New Zealand, and the surrounding region in response to mass movement (e.g., rockfall, cliff collapses) and ground-surface fault rupture hazards incurred during the 2010–2011 Canterbury earthquake sequence (CES). Rockfall fatality risk models combining hazard, exposure, and vulnerability data were co-produced by earth scientists and decision makers and formed primary evidence for risk-based land-use decision-making with adaptive capacity. A public consultation and submission process enabled consideration of additional earth science information primarily via stakeholder requests. For fault rupture hazards, pre-disaster geotechnical guidelines and collaboration networks enhanced the ability of earth scientists to rapidly acquire relevant observational data to meet the demands of decision makers. Expeditious decision-making granted permissive consent for rebuilding in the fault rupture zone based on preliminary scientific advice that was subsequently supported by more comprehensive geological investigations. Rapidly fluctuating and diverse demands for post-disaster earth science information may be best met through the prior establishment of (i) land-use policies and technical guidelines tailored for a variety of diverse disaster scenarios, (ii) hazard and risk analyses in land-use plans, including acquisition of geospatial and other earth science data, and (iii) coordinated scientific networks that may comprise subgroups with diverse goals, operational perspectives, and protocols which allow the many facets of scientific information acquisition and delivery to be successfully addressed. Despite the collective knowledge shared here, some recent land-use practices in New Zealand continue to prioritize other (e.g., socioeconomic) factors above earth science information, even in areas of extreme disaster risk.

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30

Reedijk, Jan. "Elements of IYPT2019." Chemistry International 41, no. 4 (October 1, 2019): ii. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ci-2019-0401.

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Abstract The Periodic Table of Chemical Elements has without any doubt developed to one of the most significant achievements in natural sciences. The Table (or System, as called in some languages) is capturing the essence, not only of chemistry, but also of other science areas, like physics, geology, astronomy and biology. The Periodic Table is to be seen as a very special and unique tool, which allows chemists and other scientists to predict the appearance and properties of matter on earth and even in other parts of our the universe.

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31

Cherif, Abour H., and Gerald E. Adams. "Planet Earth: Can Other Planets Tell Us Where We Are Going?" American Biology Teacher 56, no. 1 (January 1, 1994): 26–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4449738.

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32

Wenk, H. R. "Texture Analysis of Earth Materials. Comparison of EBSD With Other Diffraction Techniques." Microscopy and Microanalysis 5, S2 (August 1999): 228–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s143192760001446x.

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An important feature of polycrystalline materials is the orientation distribution of crystallites also known as crystallographic preferred orientation or texture [1]. Conventionally it is measured by x-ray diffraction, averaging over sample surfaces. With demands for more quantitative material characterization, both in engineering and earth sciences, new methods have been developed. Two dimensions are of interest: Averages over larger sample volumes give a better representation to estimate bulk physical properties. Here neutron diffraction is advantageous. Because of minimal absorption large sample volumes (1-50 cm3), rather than surfaces can be analyzed [2]. If textures are locally heterogeneous, it may be of importance to analyze small regions. With a synchrotron microfocus beam volumes as small as 5 μm3 can be characterized [3]. These methods have been quantified and are extensively applied in metallurgy and geology. They provide good statistics for appropriate sample grain size but they analyze bulk textures and contain no information on local orientation correlations. Furthermore, for geological samples with low crystal symmetry, the diffraction patterns are often very complex with many overlapping peaks, making identification difficult. In such cases orientation imaging, using electron backscattered diffraction patterns (EBSD) in the SEM is useful [4]. Though grain statistics are generally much inferior, new information can be gained.

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33

Nichols, Kyle, and Bina Gogineni. "The Anthropocene’s dating problem: Insights from the geosciences and the humanities." Anthropocene Review 5, no. 2 (July 5, 2018): 107–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2053019618784971.

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The Anthropocene, generally defined, is the time when human activities have a significant impact on the Earth System. However, the natural sciences, the humanities, and the social sciences have different understandings of how and when human activities affected the Earth System. Humanities and social science scholars tend to approach the Anthropocene from a wide range of moral-political concerns including differential responsibility for the change in the Earth System and social implications going forward. Geologists, on the other hand, see their work as uninfluenced by such considerations, instead concerning themselves with empirical data that might point to a ‘golden spike’ in the geologic record – the spike indicating a change in the Earth System. Thus, the natural sciences and the humanities/social sciences are incongruent in two important ways: (1) different motivations for establishing a new geologic era, and (2) different parameters for identifying it. The Anthropocene discussions have already hinted at a paradigm shift in how to define geologic time periods. Several articles suggest a mid-20th century commencement of the Anthropocene based on stratigraphic relationships identified in concert with knowledge of human history. While some geologists in the Anthropocene Working Group have stated that the official category should be useful well beyond geology, they continue to be guided by the stratigraphic conventions of defining the epoch. However, the methods and motivations that govern stratigraphers are different from those that govern humanists and social scientists. An Anthropocene defined by stratigraphic convention would supersede many of the humanities/social science perspectives that perhaps matter more to mitigating and adapting to the effects of humans on Earth’s System. By this reasoning, the impetus for defining the Anthropocene ought to be interdisciplinary, as traditional geologic criteria for defining the temporal scale might not meet the aspirations of a broad range of Anthropocene thinkers.

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Landa, Edward R., and Eric C. Brevik. "Soil science and its interface with the history of geology community." Earth Sciences History 34, no. 2 (January 1, 2015): 296–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/1944-6187-34.2.296.

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Despite the historical origins of soil science as a geological science, scholarship in the history of soil science remains an outlier with respect to the presently structured history of geological sciences community. The history-oriented activities of the Soil Science Society of America, the European Geosciences Union, and the International Union of Soil Sciences show active efforts to document and extend knowledge of soil science history. An overview of pedology and its numerous links to geomorphology and other geological specialties is presented. Geologists were involved in early soil mapping, soil degradation studies, creation of soil classification systems, and development of the soil geomorphology subfield, each case demonstrating strong historical ties between geology and soil science. Areas of common interest between soil science and geology offer new opportunities for integration and cooperation in Earth science history going forward.

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Meehl, Gerald A., and Richard Moss. "Aspen Global Change Institute: 25 Years of Interdisciplinary Global Change Science." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 97, no. 11 (November 1, 2016): 2027–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-15-00204.1.

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Abstract Global Global environmental changes, such as climate change, result from the interaction of human and natural systems. Understanding these changes and options for addressing them requires research in the physical, environmental, and social sciences, as well as engineering and other applied fields. In this essay, the authors provide their personal perspective on the role of the Aspen Global Change Institute (AGCI) in global change science over the past 25 years—in particular, how it has contributed to the integration of the natural and social sciences needed to research the drivers of change, the Earth system response, natural and human system impacts, and options for risk management. Drawing on inputs from other AGCI participants, we illustrate how, in our view, the history of AGCI is intertwined with the evolution of global change science as it has become an increasingly interdisciplinary endeavor.

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Morais, José. "Applied Psycholinguistics: A Science at the crossroads of cognition and language." Signo 47, no. 88 (January 3, 2022): 96–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.17058/signo.v47i88.17387.

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Abstract: Applied Psycholinguistics is a science that engages many others: experimental psychology, cognitive and neurocognitive sciences, linguistics, psychology of language and literacy, and educational and remediation sciences. The present paper’s objective is to show Science is itself a changing combination of ever-changing sciences without close boundaries, which implies the necessity of crossing domains in both research and learning. After a reminder of several topics of relevance to applied psycholinguistics, which concern mental processing, how cognition relates to the brain and to language, and how cognition and language engendered literacy, I argue that research in the corresponding sciences needs to be opened to other dimensions, such as society, culture, and politics. Finally, I evoke the history of the ideas regarding the isolationism of individualized sciences vs. their unification, taking, as examples of the latter, the early Marxism, and the International Movement for the Unity of Science from the fourth decade of the 20th century. Keywords: Applied Psycholinguistics; literacy as product of cognition and language; concept of Science; history of scientific ideas; permeability of science to culture and politics.

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Carlos López-Vázquez, María Ester Gonzalez-Campos, and Miguel Ángel Bernabé-Poveda. "New steps against scientific gerrymandering: A new operational definition of geographic information science." Revista Cartográfica, no. 107 (August 31, 2023): 95–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.35424/rcarto.i107.4669.

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Sometimes there are clear and natural limits to the scope of action of a science, and in other cases they are simply convenient ones. Geographic Information Science (GISc) is a transversal science, with contacts with all geosciences but also with various formal sciences such as Mathematics, Logic and Computer Science. A first approach to specifying the limits of a science is through its definition. Definitions of GISc are often so expansive that they have been rightly criticized for practicing gerrymandering, in particular with the rest of the geosciences. To avoid this, an operational definition is proposed that places GISc among the sciences that handle Data and not Information. This solves the gerrymandering problem without really implying a significant cut of what is usually considered within GISc. As an unforeseen consequence, this delimitation will allow it to be characterized as Formal Science, leaving it as the only geoscience with this characteristic.

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Chakour, Radouan, Anouar Alami, Sabah Selmaoui, Aâtika Eddif, Moncef Zaki, and Youssef Boughanmi. "Earth Sciences Teaching Difficulties in Secondary School: A Teacher’s Point of View." Education Sciences 9, no. 3 (September 18, 2019): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci9030243.

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The teaching of Earth Sciences (ES) is particularly delicate and seems to be problematic for both learners and Moroccan teachers for multiple reasons. Based on this observation, this study aims at identifying the difficulties related to the teaching of ES by exploring the points of view of the Moroccan teachers toward this field. As an investigative tool, we used a questionnaire and semi-directive interviews with nearly 122 secondary school teachers of Life and Earth Sciences (LES). The results of our survey revealed that the major difficulties that hinder the teaching of natural sciences are mainly related to the teachers’ university studies. Most of them had training in biology as well as in the relationship that the natural sciences maintain within time and space, the limited abstraction capacity of unmotivated learners, and the inadequacy of their prerequisites in these sciences. On the other hand, they were aware of the demotivating geological knowledge taught to the learners and the lack of initial and continuous training for teachers, especially for those who specialized in natural sciences.

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Narlikar, Jayant V. "Curriculum for the Training of Astronomers." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 105 (1990): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100086280.

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In a discussion on the training of astronomers, the question naturally arises: “Training...but at what level?” After all, the subject of astronomy happens to be unique amongst all sciences in that it interests children and educated general public at one end and professionals at the other. Before coming to these specifics, certain general remarks will be in order.Astronomy is a branch of science. This fact is not readily appreciated at the “lay” end of the above spectrum. Unlike other sciences, which have Earth-based laboratories in which controlled experiments are performed, astronomy has its labs located in the heavens far beyond the reach, let alone “control,” of the terrestrial observer. So how can one be sure that what one sees out there is subject to the same rules and disciplines of science that govern the local laboratory experiments of physics and chemistry? Yet that happens to be so!

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Hellemond, Anthonie. "The Louis De Pauw Award — A first recognition for citizen scientists in Belgian palaeontology." Geological Curator 11, no. 6 (March 2022): 382–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.55468/gc1511.

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On Saturday, 2 October 2021, Palaeontologica Belgica presented Belgium's very first palaeontological citizen science award. In collaboration with and with the support of professional research institutions and the federal government, the award aims to valorise the achievements of citizen scientists in palaeontological research. Together with Scivil, the governmental platform for citizen science in Flanders, and the Vrije Universiteit Brussels (VUB), the promoters hope that this initiative will be followed by other scientific domains (biology, archaeology, astronomy, history, linguistics, earth and environmental sciences, etc.) where citizen scientists selflessly contribute to fundamental scientific research.

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Ruzavin, G. "On the Problem of Rational Choice in Economics and Other Social Sciences." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 8 (August 20, 2003): 102–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2003-8-102-1116.

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Wide spreading of rational choice paradigm in economics puts forward the analysis of possibilities of its use in other social sciences. As a whole, it is applicable in every sphere where the choice takes place. However economic variables can be measured by value and therefore this discipline can use formal mathematical models. In other social sciences the use of formal models is more difficult. Hence the progress in social sciences may be achieved by constructing new mathematical models.

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Calderoni, Gilberto, Isabella Caneva, Alberto Cazzella, Marcella Frangipane, and Vincenzo Petrone. "Department of Earth Sciences at the University of Rome Radiocarbon Dates III." Radiocarbon 36, no. 1 (1994): 143–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200014387.

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This is a partial list of archaeological samples processed between May 1990 and December 1992 at the Department of Earth Sciences Radiocarbon Dating Laboratory of the University of Rome. Most of the samples in the list, both from Italy and other countries, were related to excavations carried out by researchers at the University of Rome, Department of Scienze dell'Antichità. Although primarily measured for archaeological studies, some of these dates also have geological and paleoenvironmental relevance.

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Haider, AFMY, and Zulfiqar Hasan Khan. "Identification of Multiple Rare Earths and Other Associated Elements in Zircon by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy." Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences 44, no. 1 (August 10, 2020): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v44i1.48564.

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Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), which is a powerful technique for the detection of minor and trace elements in a sample, has been used to analyze the enriched zircon mineral collected from the beach sands of southern Bangladesh. In addition to zirconium, a large number of rare earth elements viz. cerium, lanthanum, praseodymium, neodymium, ytterbium, gadolinium, dysprosium, erbium, samarium, europium, holmium and yttrium and other associated elements like hafnium, niobium, tantalum, magnesium, calcium, sodium, titanium and iron along with non-metals like phosphorus and silicon were detected in the enriched zircon samples by the LIBS technique. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that multiple rare earth elements have been identified in natural zircon by LIBS. Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 44, No. 1, 59-68, 2020

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Parker, Jo Alyson. "Reoccupy Earth: Notes toward an Other Beginning, written by David Wood." KronoScope 21, no. 2 (January 5, 2022): 179–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685241-12341501.

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Morehouse, Harlan, and Cheryl Morse. "Sense and Consent in Cocreating with Earth Others." Environmental Humanities 15, no. 1 (March 1, 2023): 44–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/22011919-10216151.

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Abstract Recent debates around multispecies communities emphasize collaboration across difference for fostering intimate relations with the world. The basic premise is simple: a richer understanding of the ways in which we are connected to the world will yield greater care for the world. However, while collaboration across difference might close conceptual and material gaps between self and other, and nature and society, it is not always clear whether or how collaboration should take place. Indeed, largely absent in these debates are matters concerning cross-species consent. It can be challenging to obtain consent or ascertain agreement in the absence of straightforward communication. To address the whether and how of collaboration across difference, this article draws on ethnographic research on dowsing—a traditional method for finding underground water and other invisible or intangible resources—in the United States and the United Kingdom. This research shows how dowsers establish dialogue by attuning to Earth Others (e.g., water, plants, spirits) using various tools, such as dowsing rods, pendulums, and their own bodies. This article addresses how practitioners apply dowsing as a technique for communicating across human and more-than-human divides through ethical inquiries that tend to the agency and seek the consent of Earth Others in matters concerning land use. This research suggests that dowsing offers a reciprocal and dialogic strategy for collaborating with that which is often unseen, unheard, or ignored.

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Anonymous. "Other council actions." Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union 84, no. 51 (2003): 574. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003eo510006.

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Prieto G., Germán A. "This issue of Earth Science Research Journal." Earth Sciences Research Journal 21, no. 4 (October 1, 2017): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/esrj.v21n4.69899.

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We at the Earth Sciences Research Journal hope all our readers have a happy and productive 2018. Our last issue of ESRJ in 2017 presents a number of papers on different topics within the Earth Sciences. In Alvarez-Ysabel et al. a 150+ year database of tropical cyclone activity is analyzed for the Dominican Republic (DR). A total of 112 events have tracks at most 300 km from the DR are studied in terms of their seasonal distribution and long-term distribution, their frequency and landfall probability. The authors also present a review of trocial cyclone activity in the region. Ogly Gahramanov uses a combination of geological and geochemical information to model the formation of hydrocarbon deposits in the South Caspian Basin, in particular for the South Caspian Depression. The authors argue that large pressures and tectonic history have a large effect on the appropriate selection of potential drilling sites. Using high-resolution aeromagnetic survey data in combination with other geological-geophysical thematic maps, XXXX.et al. take advantage of GIS tools for identifying different tectonic regimes in the Sabinas Basin, northeastern Mexico. Regions where the basin is deepest and the delineation of faults allows for the determination of block boundaries as well. He et al. use a modified direct shear test apparatus to determine shear strength parameters of unsaturated soils under various conditions. The paper proposes that the direct shear test analysis is an efficient way to analysis soil samples. Zhuo and Chen explore the improved water retention capacity of sandy soils by adding nanocarbon made from coconut shells. Different amounts and thicknesses of nanocarbon were added to the soil, increasing water content with increased nanocarbon. Loess deposits can have very large thicknesses, and for engineering purposes it is important to better understand the geotechnical response of the loess deposits. Wang et al. investigate the collapsibility of loess deposits in the Xixian New Region using compressions tests under different pressure and water content conditions. Results presented may have important application in future geotechnical studies in the region.

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Siikala, Jukka, and Kirsten Hastrup. "Other Histories." Man 29, no. 4 (December 1994): 1015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3034014.

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"This Week: Masked Men and Other Mysteries." Eos 101 (June 26, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2020eo146278.

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"Saturnalia Revisited, Rosalind Franklin, and Other Recommendations." Eos 100 (August 29, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2019eo131873.

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