Journal articles on the topic 'Other Asian Literature (excl. South-East Asian)'
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Girgis, Christian M., Jenny E. Gunton, and N. Wah Cheung. "The Influence of Ethnicity on the Development of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Women with Gestational Diabetes: A Prospective Study and Review of the Literature." ISRN Endocrinology 2012 (April 17, 2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/341638.
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As the worldwide prevalence of type 2 diabetes continues to rise at an alarming rate, the search for susceptible populations likely to benefit from preventative measures becomes more important. One such population is women with a previous history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). In this prospective study of 101 women who had GDM in Australia, ethnicity was a major risk factor for the development of diabetes following a diagnosis of GDM. With a mean followup of 5.5 years after GDM, South Asian women had a significantly higher risk of developing abnormal glucose tolerance (AGT) (69%) than women of all other ethnicities (P<0.05). The prevalence of diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance was also very high amongst other groups: South East and East Asian (11/27, 41%), Middle-Eastern (8/18, 44%), South European backgrounds (5/12, 42%), and Australian-born women 39% (11/28). A review of the literature supports the role of ethnicity in the development of diabetes amongst these women. These findings have implications for South Asian countries and countries such as Australia where there is a population from diverse ethnic backgrounds and where the implementation of targeted measures to stem the growing tide of diabetes is needed.
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Wacker, Konstantin M., Philipp Grosskurth,, and Tabea Lakemann. "Foreign Direct Investment, Terms of Trade, and Quality Upgrading: What Is So Special about South Asia?" Asian Development Review 33, no. 1 (March 2016): 28–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/adev_a_00060.
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The existing literature has highlighted the positive effect of foreign direct investment (FDI) on export upgrading and associated terms of trade in developing economies. However, the FDI effect has been found to be negative in South Asia. In this paper, we elaborate on the South Asia-specific effect by emphasizing the role of human capital in the positive link between FDI and terms of trade. We argue that education levels in South Asia have lagged behind those in East Asia and other developing regions. This has resulted in a world market integration strategy in South Asia that specializes in less skills-intensive products and generates associated FDI flows. We demonstrate these patterns for two South Asian economies (Bangladesh and Pakistan) and two East Asian economies (Malaysia and Thailand) for which historical breakdowns of FDI data are available.
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Peng, Rui-Rui, Hong-Min Li, Helena Chang, Jian-Hong Li, Alberta L. Wang, and Xiang-Sheng Chen. "Prevalence and genotype distribution of cervical human papillomavirus infection among female sex workers in Asia: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis." Sexual Health 9, no. 2 (2012): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh11066.
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Cervical human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is highly transmissible. Although there are many studies on HPV infection in general population of women globally, little attention has been paid to female sex workers (FSWs) in Asia. In this study, we used a meta-analytic approach to systematically analyse the literature to elucidate the prevalence and genotype distribution of cervical HPV infection among FSWs in Asia. Fourteen eligible studies were identified in five databases, and data including 4198 FSWs from nine Asian countries were aggregated. Crude estimates of cervical HPV prevalence among FSWs in this region ranged from 12.8% to 84.8%. FSWs had a nearly 10-fold risk of HPV infection than the general population of women. Stratified analysis showed that HPV prevalence was higher in East Asia than other subregions and in younger FSWs than older FSWs. HPV genotype distribution was statistically different between East Asia and South-east Asia. In East Asia, the most prevalent genotypes were HPV 16 (23.9%), 18 (11.0%), 58 (9.4%), 56 (6.3%) and 52 (5.3%), while they were HPV 52 (12.9%), 16 (8.5%), 58 (5.2%), 18 (5.0%) and 66 (4.9%) in South-east Asia. HPV 31, 33 and 35 were less frequently found in both subregions. HPV infection was substantial among FSWs in some Asian countries. More studies are necessary to illustrate the overall picture of HPV infection in this region.
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Parray, Tauseef Ahmad. "DEMOCRACY AND DEMOCRATIZATION IN THE MUSLIM WORLD: AN EVALUATION OF SOME IMPORTANT WORKS ON DEMOCRATIZATION IN SOUTH/SOUTHEAST ASIA." Analisa: Journal of Social Science and Religion 2, no. 01 (July 31, 2017): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.18784/analisa.v2i01.415.
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Is Islam compatible with democratization in the context of Asian cultures? To address this important issue, a series of books have been published in the English language from 1990s (and especially from 2000s). Most of these books deal with the relationship between Islam, Muslims, and democratization with a sub-region in Asia: South Asia, Southeast Asia, and Central Asia. While others deal with same issues with a focus on the future, very few deal with the relationship between Islam, Muslims, and democratization in the context of Asian cultures from the perspectives of theory and empirical country studies from all three Asian regions. In this backdrop, this essay—by making an assessment and review of the literature, produced in the last decade, on this theme—focuses on the compatibility paradigm in South and South East Asian Muslim societies at the empirical level, with a focus on Pakistan, Bangladesh, Malaysia, and Indonesia. To achieve this objective, the essay follows the analytical and comparative methodology, and evaluates these four important books: Zoya Hasan (2007); Shiping Hua (2009); Mirjam Künkler and Alfred Stepan (2013); and John Esposito, Tamara Sonn, and John Voll (2016). A due support is taken from other related works (books and journal articles) as well in substantiating, supporting, and strengthening the argument(s) put forth in this essay.
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Muhammad, Naeem, and Abdul Rasheed. "Stock Prices and Exchange Rates: Are they Related? Evidence from South Asian Countries." Pakistan Development Review 41, no. 4II (December 1, 2002): 535–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v41i4iipp.535-550.
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The issue of whether stock prices and exchange rates are related or not has received considerable attention after the East Asian crisis. During the crisis the countries affected saw turmoil in both currency and stock markets. If stock prices and exchange rates are related and the causation runs from exchange rates to stock prices, then the crisis in the stock markets can be prevented by controlling the exchange rates. Moreover, developing countries can exploit such a link to attract/stimulate foreign portfolio investment in their own countries. Similarly, if the causation runs from stock prices to exchange rates then authorities can focus on domestic economic policies to stabilise the stock market. If the two markets/prices are related then investors can use this information to predict the behaviour of one market using the information on other market.1 Most of the empirical literature that has examined the stock prices-exchange rate relationship has focused on examining this relationship for the developed countries with very little attention on the developing countries. The results of these studies are, however, inconclusive. Some studies have found a significant positive relationship between stock prices and exchange rates [for instance Smith (1992); Solnik (1987) and Aggarwal (1981)] while others have reported a significant negative relationship between the two [e.g., Soenen and Hennigar (1998)]. On the other hand, there are some studies that have found very weak or no association between stock prices and exchange rates [for instance, Franck and Young (1972); Bartov and Bodnor (1994)].
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Chen, Zhiyong, Jasmine S. Koh, Monica Saini, Karine S. S. Tay, Yi Jayne Tan, Josiah Y. H. Chai, Su Rong Fam, et al. "Hereditary Transthyretin Amyloidosis- Clinical and Genetic Characteristics of a Multiracial South-East Asian Cohort in Singapore." Journal of Neuromuscular Diseases 8, no. 4 (July 30, 2021): 723–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jnd-210656.
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Background and aims: Studies of hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTRv amyloidosis) in South-East Asia are underrepresented in the literature. We report the unique phenotypic and genetic characteristics of this disorder in a multiracial South-East Asian cohort. Methods: Patients with genetically proven ATTRv amyloidosis were identified over a 13-year period (2007–2020) at the National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore. Clinical, laboratory, genotypic and electrophysiological features were retrospectively reviewed. Results: 29 patients comprising Chinese, Malay, Burmese, Vietnamese and Indonesians with ATTRv amyloidosis were identified. Somatic neuropathy was the most common initial presentation, followed by carpal tunnel syndrome, autonomic dysfunction and cardiac dysfunction. ATTR-A97S (p.Ala117Ser) was the most common variant found in 14 patients, constituting 66.7%of ethnic Chinese patients and 48.3%of the entire cohort. Five patients had early-onset disease (age < 50 years) with the following variants: ATTR-V30M (p.Val50Met), ATTR-G47A (p.Gly67Ala), ATTR-S50I (p.Ser70Ile) and ATTR-A97S (p.Ala117Ser); one patient with ATTR-A97S (p.Ala117Ser) had isolated unilateral carpal tunnel syndrome with amyloid deposits identified on histological examination of the transverse carpal ligament. All early-onset patients had a positive parental history; two patients, with ATTR-S50I (p.Ser70Ile) and ATTR-Ala97Ser (p.Ala117Ser) respectively, demonstrated anticipation with mother-to-daughter inheritance. Amongst the 24 patients with late-onset disease (age≥50 years), two patients had novel variants, ATTR-G66D (p.Glu86Asp) and ATTR-A81V (p.Ala101Val) that were confirmed to be pathogenic based on the histological identification of transthyretin amyloid. Other identified variants included ATTR-V30M (p.Val50Met), ATTR-R34T (p.Arg54Thr), ATTR-S50I (p.Ser70Ile), ATTR-H88R (p.His108Arg) and ATTR-A97S (p.Ala117Ser). Conclusion: Our study further expands the genotypic and phenotypic knowledge regarding ATTRv amyloidosis.
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Paik, Susan J., Stacy M. Kula, L. Erika Saito, Zaynah Rahman, and Matthew A. Witenstein. "Historical Perspectives on Diverse Asian American Communities: Immigration, Incorporation, and Education." Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 116, no. 8 (August 2014): 1–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146811411600804.
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Background/Context Asian Americans have recently been reported as the largest incoming immigrant population and the fastest growing racial group. Diverse in culture, tradition, language, and history, they have unique immigrant stories both before and after the Immigration Act in 1965. Historians, sociologists, educators, and other experts inform us that immigrant arrival into a new country has long-standing effects for any cultural group, but there is limited research that collectively and systematically examines historical immigrant experiences, particularly for diverse Asian American populations. Purpose The purpose of this analytic study is to provide a survey of the historical context experienced by diverse Asian American groups and to link these variations to their current educational outcomes. Based on an adapted model of incorporation, the article analyzes the historical experiences into a taxonomy to understand past and present trends. The research question under consideration is: “How do historical experiences of diverse Asian American immigrant populations link to their current educational outcomes?” Research Design The study design employed a historical analysis based on a taxonomy, which helps classify and systematically organize information to understand patterns and themes. To apply the adapted model across the subgroups of East Asian, South Asian, and Southeast Asian major groups, the authors gathered, reviewed, and systematically organized over 100 sources (e.g., literature review, census data, websites, other historical information, etc.). Findings/Results The findings illustrate the diversity that exists within and between Asian American groups in terms of their immigration, incorporation, and educational experiences. The modes of incorporation, as well as additional barriers and opportunities, varied across all Asian American communities. There is further need to disaggregate data as some groups experienced more barriers than opportunities and continue to struggle in the United States. Conclusions/Recommendations Historical contexts can help inform educators, policy makers, and researchers on ways to support Asian American students and their families. In understanding upward mobility, the nature of co-ethnic communities also played a role for the success of some groups. This study challenges the model minority stereotype by discussing the diversity that exists within and between Asian American groups and reveals how key stakeholders can work together to support positive opportunity structures and partnerships.
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Wang, Yun, Bryan P. Yan, Brian Tomlinson, and Vivian WY Lee. "Is lipid goal one-size-fits-all: A review of evidence for recommended low-density lipoprotein treatment targets in Asian patients." European Journal of Preventive Cardiology 26, no. 14 (April 25, 2019): 1496–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2047487319843077.
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The international guideline recommendations for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) lowering were made based on the results of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), meta-analyses, and observational studies mostly in the White population. It was not clear whether these LDL-C targets could be applicable to other ethnic groups, for example, Asian patients. This review aimed to address major aspects related to the lipid goal and statin therapy in Asia, including the epidemiology of cardiovascular disease, the LDL-C profiles, the lipid goals from localized guidelines, genetics and lifestyles, and the efficacy and safety of statins. Owing to the geographic, ethnic, genetic, and cultural diversity in this region, we observed a geographic pattern of diversity in cardiovascular epidemiology and statin response in Central Asia, East Asia (particularly for Asia-Pacific region), and South Asia. The rapidly growing literature from Asian countries questioning “lower is better” hypothesis was noticed. However, owing to the nature of these dominantly observational data, the conclusion was hardly confirmative. Despite the rapid expansion of the current literature in this region, efforts should be made to ensure an adequate sample size to assess the significance of a given lipid parameter on overall cardiovascular outcomes in this Asian population.
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Basnayake, Oshan, Ahamed Nihaj, Ranji Pitagampalage, and Harsha Mendis. "Tuberculosis Presenting as Isolated Wrist Swelling: A Case Report and Review of Literature." Case Reports in Surgery 2019 (October 17, 2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4916157.
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Background. Tuberculosis is a common disease entity in South East Asian countries with a significant global burden. An extra skeletal manifestation such as monoarticular TB is common, but isolated involvement of the wrist is rare. Case Summary. A 53-year-old Sri Lankan male with long-standing diabetes presented with an isolated hand swelling for a 7-month duration. His initial imaging and MRI showed multiple destructive lesions in the carpal bones, surrounding focal fluid collections and found to have caseous material intraoperatively. His histology and microbiological studies were positive for TB with no other concurrent evidence of TB elsewhere. Conclusion. Different presentations of tuberculosis should be considered when patients are presenting with atypical clinical and initial basic investigation findings in relation to monoarticular pathologies.
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Nahar, Lutfun, Sushmita Nath, and Satyajit D. Sarker. "“Malancha” [Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb.]: A Potential Therapeutic Option against Viral Diseases." Biomolecules 12, no. 4 (April 14, 2022): 582. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom12040582.
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Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb., commonly known as “Alligator weed” in English, and “Malancha” in Bengali, is a leafy vegetable from the family Amaranthaceae A. L. de Jussieu. This species is native to China, particularly to the provinces around the Yangtze River, other Far East and South-East Asian countries, and countries from other continents (e.g., South America). This plant also grows in certain areas in Australia, New Zealand, and the USA. While in Bangladesh the leaves of this plant are consumed as a vegetable, in China, this plant has been used widely as a traditional remedy for the treatment of various viral diseases (e.g., measles, influenza, and haemorrhagic fever). Flavonoids and saponins are the two largest groups of phytochemicals produced by this plant, and the antiviral property of this plant and its compounds has been studied extensively. This review article reviews all published literature on this plant and critically appraises its phytochemical profile linking to biomolecular interactions and therapeutic potential, particularly, against viral diseases.
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O.A., Mashchenko. "THE WRITINGS OF LEE YAN PHOU AND JADE SNOW WONG: TRADITION IMITATION VS. SHAPING THE NEW TRADITION." South archive (philological sciences), no. 87 (September 29, 2021): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.32999/ksu2663-2691/2021-87-10.
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Purpose. The goal is to present the works of the first and second generation of Sino-American writers not as “duplication” and “imitating” the Euro-Atlantic literary tradition, but as creating the premise for the inception of new shapes (forms) of national literatures. Research methods – historical-literary, analytical, comparative. Results. American literature, written by authors of Asian descent, came to the attention of literary scholars when most of the writers whose prose modern literary theorists associate with the genesis of the Asian-American canon were practically forgotten. Some passages of their poetry and prose, written by the first and second generations of Asians in America, were presented only in the first anthologies of Asian-American literature published in the 70s of the 20th century. But a truly profound reevaluation and conceptual-theoretical evaluation of the work of American writers of Asian origin is taking place only now. The main goal of researchers of this motley wing of American literature at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries, the implementation of which, by the way, is not always successful at the end, lies in the taxonomy of those features that distinguish its American literature. This segregation occurs through the search for ties – in which their historical and cultural experience is interwoven – with the genre, plot, narrative traditions of the literatures of their countries of origin. At the same time, it emphasizes its “secondariness”, “counterfeitness” in the general context of American literature leads to the fact that the works of American writers of Asian origin find themselves tensed between two universes – the Euro-Atlantic and South-East Asian literary and artistic traditions. Conclusions. This actually leads to the fact that any of the first Asian-American texts cannot be interpreted other than “covering old grounds”. Instead, literature, that, was born at the crossroads of traditions and cultures, should be set apart as one for which these traditions are nourishing sources, and not a model norm. This will make it possible to see in Lee Yan Phou’s as well as in Jade Snow Wong’s writings the beginning of a new tradition through the rethinking and deconstruction of both the Euro-Atlantic and South-East Asian ones.Key words: Asian-American, canon, Bildungsroman, literary tradition, image, templating. Мета – представити твори першого і другого покоління сіно-американських письменників не як «копіювання» і «імітацію» євроатлантичної літературної традиції, а як створення передумов зародження нових обрисів національних літератур. Методи дослідження – історико-літературний, аналітичний, компаративний. Результати. Американська література, написана авторами азійського походження, потрапила в поле зору літературознавців тоді, коли більша частина письменників, прозу яких сучасні теоретики літератури пов’язують з генезисом азійсько-американського канону, були практично забуті. Деякі уривки поезій і прози, написаних першим і другим поколінням азійців в Америці, були представлені лише в опублікованих у 70-х роках XX століття перших антологіях азійсько-американської літератури. Але по-справжньому глибока переоцінка і концептуально-теоретична оцінка творчості американських письмен-ників азійського походження відбувається тільки тепер. Основне завдання дослідників цього строкатого крила американської літератури на зламі XX–XXI століть, виконання якого, до речі, далеко не завжди в результаті успішне, полягає в реєстрації тих особливостей, які виокремлюють азійсько-американську літературу всередині американської літератури. Це виокремлення відбувається через пошук зв’язків, в які вплетений історико-культурний досвід, з жанровими, сюжетними, наративними традиціями літератур країн походження. Одночасно підкреслюється її «вторинність», «підробленість» у загальному контексті американської літератури. У результаті такого підходу твори американських письменників азійського походження виявляються затиснутими між двох всесвітів – євроатлантичної та південно-східноазійської літературно-художніх традицій. Висновки. Зроблено висновки, що це фактично призводить до того, що будь-який з перших азійсько-американських тек-стів не може бути інтерпретований інакше, ніж «повторення пройденого». Замість цього літературу, яка зароджувалася на перехресті традицій і культур, слід виокремлювати як таку, для якої ці традиції є живильними джерелами, а не зразком-нормою. Це дасть можливість побачити в творах Лі Ян Пхоу і Дж. С. Вонг не імітацію чи повторення, а початок нової літературної традиції через переосмислення і деконструкцію вже наявних – євроатлантичної та південно-східноазійської.Ключові слова: азійсько-американський, канон, Bildungsroman, імітація, образ, шаблонізація
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Ashta, Ashok, Peter John Stokes, Simon M. Smith, and Paul Hughes. "Japanese CEOs cross-cultural management of customer value orientation in India." Management Decision 59, no. 10 (January 13, 2021): 2355–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-06-2020-0776.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop understanding of cross-cultural issues relating to the experience and implications of an elite grouping of Japanese CEOs customer value orientations (CVOs) within Japanese firms operating in India. The paper underlines that there is a propensity for East-West comparisons and in contrast the argument contributes to the under-examined area of research on East Asian/South Asian comparative studies.Design/methodology/approachSemi-structured interviews were employed to generate narratives that provided rich and novel insights into the lived experience of Japanese CEOs working in Indian contexts and in relation to CVO. An inductive framework was employed in order to develop a more in-depth understanding of Japanese CEO CVO in Indo-Japanese empirical settings.FindingsThe data analysis identified a number of shared themes that influence CVO practice in the Indo-Japanese context. The findings develop an awareness of cross-cultural management's (CCM) in relation to the under-explored area of the Indo-Japanese dyad.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper develops CCM perspectives towards a more in-depth conceptualization of Japanese CEO perceptions on CVO practice in India. This is also of potential relevance to wider foreign investors not only Japanese businesses. The sample respondents – Japanese CEOS working in India – constitute a small and elite group. The lead author, having experience as a CEO of a Japanese firm was able to use convenience sampling to access this difficult to access group. In addition, also stemming from the convenience aspect, all the respondents were in the manufacturing sector. The study was deliberately targeted and narrowly focussed for this reason and does not claim automatic wide generalizability to other employee strata or industry; however, other sectors and employees may recognize resonance. This identified gap provides space for future studies in varying regional, national and sector contexts.Practical implicationsThe paper identifies implications for CCM training and Indo-Japanese business organization design.Social implicationsUse and acceptance of the enhanced research paradigm could support diversity in research and knowledge production with implications for research, teaching and future policymakers.Originality/valueThe cross-cultural study is original in that it contributes to CCM literature by providing a rare Indo-Japanese (sic East Asian: South Asian) comparative study. It provides an uncommon granular appreciation of the interaction of these cultures in relation to CVO. In addition, it secures rare data from an elite Japanese CEOs of manufacturing sector businesses.
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Kılıç Cengiz, Ayşe. "Fragments of the Old Uyghur Uṣṇīṣavijayā Dhāraṇī in the Serindia Collection of the IOM, RAS." Archiv orientální 90, no. 2 (October 27, 2022): 333–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.47979/aror.j.90.2.333-350.
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The Uṣṇīṣavijayā dhāraṇī, considered a Buddhist text about the Goddess Uṣṇīṣavijayā and her dhāraṇī, is known as one of the most important texts in the Old Uyghur translation literature. It occupies a central position as a dhāraṇī text in South Asian, Central Asian, and East Asian Buddhism. Apart from Old Uyghur, it appears in a variety of languages and scripts, including Sanskrit, Tangut, Tibetan, Chinese, and Mongolian. The text is appraised as particularly beneficial for eliminating karmic obstacles and evil paths, annihilating hostility, disasters, demons, and scourges, relieving beings of suffering and bringing them happiness, prolonging their well-being, and increasing their longevity. It is also believed to increase wisdom, obliterate hells, and provide a chance to be born in Buddha heaven, called Sukhāvatī, or other pure lands. This paper deals with the edition of newly identified fragments of the Uṣṇīṣavijayā dhāraṇī in Old Uyghur preserved in the Serindia Collection of the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IOM, RAS). The fragments presented belong to the same blockprint edition produced during the Mongolian period. The study includes the transliteration, transcription, and translation of these fragments within the context of a semantic sequence of the text. The version on the fragments is compared with versions in other languages to reveal differences between texts. Finally, a reconstructed text is presented.
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Tsui-Auch, Lai Si, and Yong-Joo Lee. "The State Matters: Management Models of Singaporean Chinese and Korean Business Groups." Organization Studies 24, no. 4 (May 2003): 507–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0170840603024004001.
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Both the proponents and critics of Asian economic organization have been preoccupied with the ideal-typical management models of family businesses, and have rarely identified their changing management structures. We, instead, identify the change and continuity in these management structures through an analysis of family-controlled business groups in Singapore and South Korea before and after the Asian currency crisis. In our view, these business groups professionalized their management, but retained family control and corporate rule before the crisis. The crisis, however, increased the pressure on such groups to relinquish family control and corporate rule. Singaporean Chinese business groups tended to loosen their tight grip on corporate rule by absorbing more professional managers into their upper echelons. The surviving Korean chaebol, however, intensified family control. Only a few chaebol, which were on the brink of bankruptcy, relinquished corporate rule to professional managers. We argue that other than the market, cultural, and institutional factors as suggested in the existing literature, state capacities and strategies do matter in shaping the changing management structures of business groups. Drawing on our analysis, researchers will be able to conduct comparative studies of family businesses across East Asian societies, of organizational imitation, and of the role of the state in influencing management models.
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Cheong, Inkyo, and Jose Tongzon. "The economic impact of a rise in US trade protectionism on East Asia." Journal of Korea Trade 22, no. 3 (September 10, 2018): 265–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jkt-03-2018-0025.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the economic impact of a rising US trade protectionism on the economies of China, Japan, South Korea and the ASEAN countries and draw out some policy and strategic implications for the USA and East Asia. Design/methodology/approach The authors employ a computable general equilibrium approach supplemented with qualitative analyses based on empirical evidence. Findings An increase in US import tariffs would result in economic losses for the USA and the corresponding country or region to which the import tariff increase is applied. An increase in US import tariffs for Chinese goods alone would not have any spillover effects on other East Asian countries. But, an imposition of a border adjustment tax (BAT) for all countries and for all products would actually boost US economic growth. Advanced economies would enjoy GDP increases, but China, Korea and the ASEAN countries would face an economic loss in a longer term period, although they would enjoy some growth in the short term. However, when the BAT only applies to a specific East Asian country, USA would suffer an economic loss, with the exception of a BAT specifically targeted at the ASEAN countries. ASEAN countries would not experience any economic loss under all scenarios except in the case of import tariffs specifically targeted at ASEAN. Research limitations/implications From the US perspective, it is beneficial to adopt a BAT for all countries and across the board. Under this arrangement, there would be an economic loss for China, Korea and the ASEAN countries in the longer term. An increase in US trade protectionism would only push the East Asian countries towards deeper economic integration, with serious implications for global pattern of trade and investment. Originality/value The existing literature on the likely economic impact of US trade protectionism on East Asia is very scarce and based on surveys and subjective speculations. This study uses a quantitative method based on empirical evidence.
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Rošker, Jana S. "COVID-19 in Asia – Changing Life as We Know It and the New Normal." Asian Studies 10, no. 1 (January 19, 2022): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/as.2022.10.1.7-11.
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The present issue of Asian Studies is devoted to the investigation of the causes, effects, and ethical and ideological implications of the COVID-19 pandemic in Asia, particularly in East and South-East Asia. COVID-19 has had a dramatic impact on global societies. There have been enormous changes in the economy, lifestyles, education, culture, and many other aspects of social life (Caron 2021, 1). The COVID-19 pandemic has transformed societies, cultures, organizations, infrastructures, and many social services into a completely new reality. In this respect, the COVID-19 pandemic is without doubt a crisis of global proportions. Therefore, the whole of humanity should try to find a strategic solution to it, and to this end, the importance of intercultural dialog is manifested in a particularly clear and unambiguous way.
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Kim, Min-hyung. "Avoiding Being a Crushed Prawn and Becoming a Dolphin Swimming between the Two Fighting Whales? South Korea’s Strategic Choice in the Face of the Intensifying Sino–US Competition." Journal of Asian and African Studies 53, no. 4 (June 16, 2017): 612–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021909617709488.
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This article presents an analysis of South Korea’s strategic choices over the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), and the Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) in light of the Sino–US competition in post-Cold War East Asia. South Korea’s puzzling behavior here represents Seoul’s hedging strategy against the uncertain future of the Sino–US competition in East Asia. The driving force of South Korea’s hedging behavior is Seoul’s dual concerns about being excessively dependent on the USA for its security at the time of China’s rapid rise on the one hand and being pulled into a growing China’s sphere of influence at the expense of traditional US–ROK security ties on the other. Reflecting Seoul’s prudent balancing acts between the two superpowers, South Korea’s hedging often results in apparently indecisive and underdetermined strategic choices in the face of the intensifying Sino–US competition. Nevertheless, South Korea’s hedging strategy allows Seoul to deepen extensive economic ties with Beijing while maintaining a traditional security alliance with Washington. The hedging behavior of South Korea, which is uniquely positioned as a strategic partner of rapidly rising China as well as a key security ally of the rebalancing USA, sheds important light on the behavior of middle powers in alliance politics, which has largely been neglected in the current literature.
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Prasetyo, Christianus Yudi. "SIAPKAH INDONESIA MENGHADAPI MEA?" JURNAL ILMU EKONOMI & SOSIAL 8, no. 2 (October 30, 2017): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.35724/jies.v8i2.646.
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Countries that are members of the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) are facing an era where ASEAN turn into market and single production base, a highly competitive regional economic, equitable economic development, and a region fully integrated into global economy. That era is known as the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC), which take effect on January 2016. This literature survey was conducted to determine the position of Indonesia compared to other ASEAN countries based on existing statistical data so as to determine the readiness of Indonesia to face the AEC. Comparison is made on 6 ASEAN countries with the highest economic growth, namely: Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, Philippines, and Brunei. It is important to know because many people are still not aware this intense competition in the era of AEC. Based on World Economic Forum, Indonesia is in 4th position after Singapore, Malaysia and Thailand in terms of competitiveness.
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Aruffo, E., P. Di Carlo, C. Dari-Salisburgo, F. Biancofiore, F. Giammaria, J. Lee, S. Moller, et al. "Observations of total peroxy nitrates and total alkyl nitrates during the OP3 campaign: isoprene nitrate chemistry above a south-east Asian tropical rain forest." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 12, no. 2 (February 10, 2012): 4797–829. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-12-4797-2012.
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Abstract. Measurements of total peroxy nitrates (ΣRO2NO2, ΣPNs), total alkyl nitrates (ΣRONO2, ΣANs) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) were made above the surface of a Malaysian tropical rain forest in Borneo, using a laser-induced fluorescence instrument developed at the University of L'Aquila (Italy). This new instrument uses the direct excitation of NO2 at 532 nm in order to measure its concentrations detecting by the NO2 fluorescence at wavelengths longer than 610 nm. ΣPNs and ΣANs are indirectly measured after their thermal dissociation into NO2. Observations showed enhanced levels of NO2 during nighttime, an increase of ΣPNs during the afternoon and almost no evident diurnal cycle of ΣANs. The diurnal maximums of 200 pptv for ΣPNs and ΣANs are well below the peaks reported in other forest sites. A box model constrained with measured species, reproduces well the observed ΣPNs, but overestimates ΣANs concentrations. The reason of this model-observation discrepancy could be a wrong parameterization in the isoprene nitrates (INs) chemistry mechanism. Sensitivity tests show that: (1) reducing the yield of INs from the reaction of peroxy nitrates with NO to almost the lowest values reported in literature (5%), (2) reducing the INs recycling to 70% and (3) keeping the INs dry deposition at 4 cm s−1, improve the agreement between modelled and measured ΣANs of 20% on average. These results imply that in the tropical rain forest, even if ΣPNs and ΣANs concentrations are lower than those observed in other North American forests, the yield and dry deposition of INs are similar. Another comparable result is that in the INs oxidation its recycling dominates with only a 30% release of NO2, which has implications on tropospheric ozone production and aerosol budget.
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Shim, Jaemin. "Left is right and right is left? Partisan difference on social welfare and particularistic benefits in Japan, South Korea and Taiwan." Journal of International and Comparative Social Policy 36, no. 1 (March 2020): 25–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ics.2020.2.
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AbstractThis paper investigates elite-level partisan differences along the socioeconomic dimension in three developed East Asian democracies – Japan, South Korea and Taiwan. On the one hand, the mainstream literature in welfare studies and party politics expects left- and right-leaning parties should vary significantly in utilizing social policy promises. On the other hand, the path dependency logic tells us that left–right difference should be found over particularistic benefits, such as agricultural subsidies or construction projects, considering that these were central means for right-leaning parties to maintain their power during the developmental state period in the three countries. Using an original bill-sponsorship data set between 1987 and 2012, we find that there has not been any substantial difference in the agenda setting of conventional social welfare bills between left- and right-wing government periods. However, a clear elective affinity can be observed between established right-wing parties and particularistic benefits. The paper shows that contextualizing key political actors' preferences can lead to a more systematic understanding of political dynamics behind the socioeconomic dimension in non-Anglo-European countries.
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Lee, Bohee, Siti Aishah Ibrahim, and Tiying Zhang. "Mobile Apps Leveraged in the COVID-19 Pandemic in East and South-East Asia: Review and Content Analysis." JMIR mHealth and uHealth 9, no. 11 (November 11, 2021): e32093. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/32093.
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Background The COVID-19 pandemic increased attention to digital tools to support governmental public health policies in East and South-East Asia. Mobile apps related to the COVID-19 pandemic continue to emerge and evolve with a wide variety of characteristics and functions. However, there is a paucity of studies evaluating such apps in this region, with most of the available studies conducted in the early days of the pandemic. Objective This study aimed to examine free apps developed or supported by governments in the East and South-East Asian region and highlight their key characteristics and functions. We also sought to interpret how the release dates of these apps were related to the commencement dates of other COVID-19 public health policies. Methods We systematically searched for apps in Apple App Store and Google Play Store and analyzed the contents of eligible apps. Mobile apps released or updated with COVID-19–related functions between March 1 and May 7, 2021, in Singapore, Taiwan, South Korea, China (mainland), Japan, Thailand, Hong Kong, Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Philippines were included. The CoronaNet Research Project database was also examined to determine the timeline of public health policy commencement dates in relation to the release dates of the included apps. We assessed each app’s official website, media reports, and literature through content analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize relevant information gathered from the mobile apps using RStudio. Results Of the 1943 mobile apps initially identified, 46 were eligible, with almost 70% of the apps being intended for the general public. Most apps were from Vietnam (n=9, 20%), followed by Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand (n=6 each, 13%). Of note, most apps for quarantine monitoring (n=6, 13%) were mandatory for the target users or a population subset. The most common function was health monitoring (32/46, 70%), followed by raising public health awareness (19/46, 41%) through education and information dissemination. Other functions included monitoring quarantine (12/46, 26%), providing health resources (12/46, 26%). COVID-19 vaccination management functions began to appear in parallel with vaccine rollout (7/46, 15%). Regarding the timing of the introduction of mobile solutions, the majority of mobile apps emerged close to the commencement dates of other public health policies in the early stages of the pandemic between March and April 2020. Conclusions In East and South-East Asia, most governments used mobile health apps as adjuncts to public health measures for tracking COVID-19 cases and delivering credible information. In addition, these apps have evolved by expanding their functions for COVID-19 vaccination.
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Mehlman, David W., James A. Fitzsimons, Arkellah Irving, Jason Irving, and Boze Hancock. "Selecting a suite of potential partner sites for the Adelaide International Bird Sanctuary to aid shorebird conservation in the East Asian–Australasian Flyway." Pacific Conservation Biology 26, no. 1 (2020): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc18084.
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Migratory shorebird species depend on a suite of interconnected sites and protection of these sites as part of a network is an increasingly used conservation approach. Partnering sites based on shared migratory bird species can be a powerful tool for implementing conservation action. To assist the Adelaide International Bird Sanctuary (AIBS), South Australia, in expanding their conservation impact across the East Asian-Australasian Flyway, we generated a list of 81 sites to consider for potential partnerships. We developed the list using existing shorebird count data for seven high priority migratory shorebirds that spend the austral summer at AIBS, such as Bar-tailed Godwit (Limosa lapponica) and Great Knot (Calidris tenuirostris). We computed a scaled abundance across all species to develop a categorical indicator of importance of each potential site for its shared species richness and abundance. Based on assessments of literature, existing conservation plans, and interviews with experts, we also evaluated each potential site’s feasibility for ecotourism, conservation management, and existing or potential partnerships. This process resulted in a list of 20 sites for the AIBS to consider for possible partnerships in nine countries that met some combination of values for shared shorebird species, inclusion in one or more current site designation schemes, existing or potential opportunities for tourism, habitat management, or partnerships. Additional sites that either have high or medium abundances of shared shorebird species or that have been designated as important by other criteria (Ramsar, Important Bird and Biodiversity Area) were identified. We recommend this methodology be applied to other sites seeking to form cross-boundary partnerships to help further the conservation of highly mobile species.
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Liu, Helen K., Chung-Chi Lin, Li-Hsin Huang, Sin-An Huang, and Rong-Nan Huang. "Eradication and Control Strategies for Red Imported Fire Ants (Solenopsis invicta) in Taiwan." Sustainability 12, no. 10 (May 12, 2020): 3951. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12103951.
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Invasive alien species are one of the major threats to biological diversity, public safety, agriculture, and economics. In recent years, a new wave of the red imported fire ant (RIFA) has been detected in new regions, including Kobe (Japan), Daegu (South Korea), Kaohsiung (Taiwan), and other locations in southeast Asia. Due to the increasing number of invasions, practitioners and scientists are seeking effective strategies to respond to RIFA invasions in Pacific regions, especially in countries that have had no presence of RIFA. This study aims to identify the strategies adopted to eradicate RIFA in Taiwan and to elucidate some of the assumptions about RIFA prevention and treatment in infested areas with diverse land patterns. Through a literature review and examination of eradication cases in Taiwan, five essential eradication lessons are discussed: (1) Immediate action through partnership with universities and the private sector; (2) engagement with the public and community with an interest in RIFA control through technology; (3) establishment of multi-level horizontal networks of response teams; (4) strategy implementation ranging from large-scale prevention to precise treatment; and (5) adoption of technology and social media. These strategies will have implications and applications for east and south Asian countries that are dealing with similar challenges.
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Behrend, Tim, Nancy K. Florida, Harold Brookfield, Judith M. Heimann, Harold Brookfield, Victor T. King, J. G. Casparis, et al. "Book Reviews." Bijdragen tot de taal-, land- en volkenkunde / Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia 156, no. 4 (2000): 807–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134379-90003831.
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- Tim Behrend, Nancy K. Florida, Javanese literature in Surakarta manuscripts; Volume 2; Manuscripts of the Mangkunagaran palace. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Southeast Asia Program, 2000, 575 pp. - Harold Brookfield, Judith M. Heimann, The most offending soul alive; Tom Harrisson and his remarkable life. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 1998, 468 pp. - Harold Brookfield, Victor T. King, Rural development and social science research; Case studies from Borneo. Phillips, Maine: Borneo Research Council, 1999, xiii + 359 pp. [Borneo Research Council Proceedings Series 6.] - J.G. de Casparis, Roy E. Jordaan, The Sailendras in Central Javanese history; A survey of research from 1950 to 1999. Yogyakarta: Penerbitan Universitas Sanata Dharma, 1999, iv + 108 pp. - H.J.M. Claessen, Francoise Douaire-Marsaudon, Les premiers fruits; Parenté, identité sexuelle et pouvoirs en Polynésie occidentale (Tonga, Wallis et Futuna). Paris: Éditions de la Maison des Sciences de l’Homme, 1998, x + 338 pp. - Matthew Isaac Cohen, Andrew Beatty, Varieties of Javanese religion; An anthropological account. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999, xv + 272 pp. [Cambridge Studies in Social and Cultural Anthropology 111.] - Matthew Isaac Cohen, Sylvia Tiwon, Breaking the spell; Colonialism and literary renaissance in Indonesia. Leiden: Department of Languages and Cultures of Southeast Asia and Oceania, University of Leiden, 1999, vi + 235 pp. [Semaian 18.] - Freek Colombijn, Victor T. King, Anthropology and development in South-East Asia; Theory and practice. Kuala Lumpur: Oxford University Press, 1999, xx + 308 pp. - Bernhard Dahm, Cive J. Christie, A modern history of South-East Asia; Decolonization, nationalism and seperatism. London: Tauris, 1996, x + 286 pp. - J. van Goor, Leonard Blussé, Pilgrims to the past; Private conversations with historians of European expansion. Leiden: Research School CNWS, 1996, 339 pp., Frans-Paul van der Putten, Hans Vogel (eds.) - David Henley, Robert W. Hefner, Market cultures; Society and morality in the new Asian capitalisms. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1998, viii + 328 pp. - David Henley, James F. Warren, The Sulu zone; The world capitalist economy and the historical imagination. Amsterdam: VU University Press for the Centre for Asian Studies, Amsterdam (CASA), 1998, 71 pp. [Comparative Asian Studies 20.] - Huub de Jonge, Laurence Husson, La migration maduraise vers l’Est de Java; ‘Manger le vent ou gratter la terre’? Paris: L’Harmattan/Association Archipel, 1995, 414 pp. [Cahier d’Archipel 26.] - Nico Kaptein, Mark R. Woodward, Toward a new paradigm; Recent developments in Indonesian Islamic thought. Tempe: Arizona State University, Program for Southeast Asian Studies, 1996, x + 380 pp. - Catharina van Klinken, Gunter Senft, Referring to space; Studies in Austronesian and Papuan languages. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1997, xi + 324 pp. - W. Mahdi, J.G. de Casparis, Sanskrit loan-words in Indonesian; An annotated check-list of words from Sanskrit in Indonesian and Traditional Malay. Jakarta: Badan Penyelenggara Seri NUSA, Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya, 1997, viii + 59 pp. [NUSA Linguistic Studies of Indonesian and Other Languages in Indonesia 41.] - Henk Maier, David Smyth, The canon in Southeast Asian literatures; Literatures of Burma, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam. Richmond: Curzon, 2000, x + 273 pp. - Toon van Meijl, Robert J. Foster, Social reproduction and history in Melanesia; Mortuary ritual, gift exchange, and custom in the Tanga islands. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995, xxii + 288 pp. - J.A. de Moor, Douglas Kammen, A tour of duty; Changing patterns of military politics in Indonesia in the 1990’s. Ithaca, New York: Southeast Asia Program, Cornell University, 1999, 98 pp., Siddharth Chandra (eds.) - Joke van Reenen, Audrey Kahin, Rebellion to integration; West Sumatra and the Indonesian polity, 1926-1998. Amsterdam University Press, 1999, 368 pp. - Heather Sutherland, Craig J. Reynolds, Southeast Asian Studies: Reorientations. Ithaca: Southeast Asia Program, Cornell University, 1998, 70 pp. [The Frank H. Golay Memorial Lectures 2 and 3.], Ruth McVey (eds.) - Nicholas Tarling, Patrick Tuck, The French wolf and the Siamese lamb; The French threat to Siamese independence, 1858-1907. Bangkok: White Lotus, 1995, xviii + 434 pp. [Studies in Southeast Asian History 1.] - B.J. Terwiel, Andreas Sturm, Die Handels- und Agrarpolitik Thailands von 1767 bis 1932. Passau: Universität Passau, Lehrstuhl für Südostasienkunde, 1997, vii + 181 pp. [Passauer Beiträge zur Südostasienkunde 2.] - René S. Wassing, Koos van Brakel, A passion for Indonesian art; The Georg Tillmann collection at the Tropenmuseum Amsterdam. Amsterdam. Royal Tropical Institute/Tropenmuseum, 1996, 128 pp., David van Duuren, Itie van Hout (eds.) - Edwin Wieringa, J. de Bruin, Een Leidse vriendschap; De briefwisseling tussen Herman Bavinck en Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje, 1875-1921. Baarn: Ten Have, 1999, 192 pp. [Passage 11.], G. Harinck (eds.)
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Trabelsi, Mohamed Ali, and Naama Trad. "Profitability and risk in interest-free banking industries: a dynamic panel data analysis." International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management 10, no. 4 (November 13, 2017): 454–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imefm-05-2016-0070.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine whether Islamic finance could replace or complement the traditional financial system and could guarantee stability in times of crisis. Design/methodology/approach To achieve the aim, the authors examined both risk-taking and profitability of 94 Islamic banks (IBs) operating in 18 countries observed during the 2006-2013 financial crisis period. A series of bank-specific and other country-specific indicators are combined to explain profitability of IBs as measured by return on assets and return on equity, and risk divided into credit risk measured by impaired loans/gross loans and total equity/net loans, and insolvency risk measured by Z-score. Indeed, a bank is stronger than another if it is stable with a higher capacity to absorb risks, on the one hand, and increased performance on the other. Findings Using dynamic panel data econometrics (generalized moment method system), the authors estimated five regressions and found the following results: bank capital is found to be the main indicator that contributes to maximizing profitability and stability of IBs and reducing their credit risk. However, the study of liquidity and asset quality determinants often leads to inconclusive results. Nevertheless, they found that Gulf region-operating IBs are more profitable, more solvent and less risky than those operating in the South East Asian region. At the macroeconomic level, the authors could not find a significant relationship between inflation rate and IBs profitability. However, unlike for IBs in Southeast Asia, the authors found that inflation rate improves IBs stability and reduces their credit risk level. Practical implications The results of this study have numerous implications for bank management and the different stakeholders (investors, customers). This study identified several factors that may help bank managers to improve their financial outlook by controlling risk level and profitability. These factors could as well help to understand how macroeconomic indicators affect both banking risk and profitability, in particular Islamic banking. Likewise, portfolio managers can use these results to support their decisions to include IBs in their assets portfolios to mitigate potential risk. Originality/value This study contributes to the existing literature in two ways. First, this paper provides fresh data and recent information on Islamic banking in Gulf Cooperation Council and South East Asian countries. Second, the obtained results helped us to conclude that the Islamic financial system cannot replace but rather supplements the traditional system. This result may be explained by the fact that Muslims look for Islamic banking products, which conventional banks are not offering.
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Suryanto, Suryanto, Virginia Plummer, and Malcolm Boyle. "Financing Healthcare in Indonesia." Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management 11, no. 2 (July 1, 2016): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24083/apjhm.v11i2.185.
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Introduction: There have been two major transitions for healthcare in Indonesia: the implementation of government decentralisation and universal health insurance. A universal public health insurance called Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) was launched in January 2014 and aims to cover all Indonesian people.
Objective: The objective of this paper is to discuss the funding of healthcare in Indonesia through a comparison with other South East Asian countries.
Methodology: A search for relevant literature was undertaken using electronic databases, Ovid Medline, ProQuest Central, and Scopus from their commencement date until December 2015. The grey literature from the Indonesian government, the WHO’s and World Bank’s website, has been included.
Results: There were nine articles from Ovid Medline, eight from ProQuest Central, and 12 from Scopus that met the criteria. Seventeen articles were duplicates leaving 12 articles to be reviewed. Nine documents have been identified from grey literature.
Discussion: Most people in Indonesia sought health services from the private sector and were out-ofpocket financially or did not receive the required care. The private sector delivered 62.1% of health services compared to 37.9% by the government. Despite some inappropriate use of previous health insurance, the BPJS is expected to have improved management and will cover all citizens by the end of 2019.
Conclusion: Indonesia has undergone a series of changes to health system funding and health insurance. There are lessons that can be learnt from other countries, such as Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam, so that Indonesia can improve its health funding.
Abbreviations: BPJS – Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial.
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Suryanto, Suryanto, Malcolm Boyle, and Virginia Plummer. "Healthcare Workforce in Indonesia." Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management 12, no. 3 (November 12, 2017): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.24083/apjhm.v12i3.57.
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Introduction: Imbalanced distribution of healthcare providers between urban and rural areas is one of the difficulties facing health service provision in Indonesia. Several regulations have been made by the governmentto solve the problem. The objective of this paper is to describe the provision of human resources for healthcare services in Indonesia.
Methodology: A review of medical related electronic databases, CINAHL and Ovid MEDLINE, was undertaken from their commencement date until the end of January 2017. The grey literature from the Indonesian government, the World Health Organisation and the World Bank websites was also searched.
Results: There were 92 articles identified from the CINAHL and 222 articles from the Ovid MEDLINE databases. Five articles were included from the two databases and five documents from grey literature with ten articles to be reviewed.
Discussion: Nurses and midwives account for the largest proportion of healthcare providers in Indonesia. The ratio of healthcare providers in Indonesia is lower than the average of South-East Asian and other lower middle income countries. More than half of the healthcare providers in Indonesia provide care in community health centres. Several regulations have been proclaimed to improve the imbalanced proportion of healthcare providers across the country.
Conclusion: Indonesia continues to develop strategies towards successful distribution of healthcare providers across the country. A study investigating the impact of the programs reducing the imbalanced distribution of healthcare providers on health outcomes is essential for Indonesia.
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Bellamy, Kim, Remo Ostini, Nataly Martini, and Therese Kairuz. "Access to medication and pharmacy services for resettled refugees: a systematic review." Australian Journal of Primary Health 21, no. 3 (2015): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py14121.
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The difficulties that resettled refugees experience in accessing primary health-care services have been widely documented. In most developed countries, pharmacists are often the first health-care professional contacted by consumers; however, the ability of refugees to access community pharmacies and medication may be limited. This review systematically reviewed the literature and synthesised findings of research that explored barriers and/or facilitators of access to medication and pharmacy services for resettled refugees. This review adhered to guidelines for systematic reviews by PRISMA (preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses). Databases were searched during March 2014 and included Scopus, ProQuest Sociological Abstracts, PubMed, Embase and APAIS Health. The Australian and International grey literature was also explored. Nine studies met the quality and inclusion criteria. The research reported in seven of the nine studies was conducted in the US, one was conducted in Australia and the other in the UK. The majority of studies focussed on South-east Asian refugees. Themes identified across the studies included language and the use of interpreters; navigating the Western health-care system; culture and illness beliefs; medication non-adherence; use of traditional medicine; and family, peer and community support. There is a significant paucity of published research exploring barriers to medication and pharmacy services among resettled refugees. This systematic review highlights the need for appropriate interpreting and translation services, as well as pharmacy staff demonstrating effective cross-cultural communication skills.
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de la Vega, Lia Rodriguez. "International Migration in South Asia: Notes on the “Illegal Migration” from Bangladesh to India." Oriental Anthropologist: A Bi-annual International Journal of the Science of Man 15, no. 2 (July 2015): 419–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972558x1501500212.
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India is known for its huge diaspora of over 20 million people outside of the country, (MEA: 2002), whose growing importance has stimulated the development of a specific governmental structure to relate with it. At the same time India is known for receiving several migrants from different South Asian countries, such as Bangladesh, that is associated with “illegal immigration” and human trafficking. In turn, illegal immigration has been a burning issue in the North East of India associated with serious socio-political implications. Though India and Bangladesh depict different positions on the subject, they have put into practice a joint Coordinated Border Management Plan (CBMP), ned in July 2011, besides managing a ‘Task Force of Bangladesh and India for Rescue, Recovery, Repatriation and Integration of Trafficked victims/survivors’. The subject has precipitated questions on security in terms of, both, the states as well as the human beings involved/affected. Considering the above mentioned, this paper aims at analyzing the characteristic of illegal migration from Bangladesh to India by means of the analysis of documents and the review of literature on the subject. Taking up the dynamics of the contemporary positions of both the countires this research offers a critical analysis of the politically sensitive issue. Having signed an agreement on the enclaves issue and the renewal of the bilateral commerce, the two contiguous neihbours also highlight the need to monitor the border in a more effective way, and disable the policy of ‘vote bank’ amidst their other concerns. It seems worthy of attention therefore, that India and Bangladesh work for a more comprehensive approach to the question of security. It would be interesting to see if such an approach between them could also include on board, the issues connected with the development and empowerment of subjects and regions, both as a strategy and as a response to the subject.
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Bucatariu, Lena, and Babu George. "Consumer behavior and customer relationship management in mental health services." Upravlenets 11, no. 3 (July 10, 2020): 46–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.29141/2218-5003-2020-11-3-4.
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Mental health services are perceived differently in different socio-cultural settings. The connotations accorded to mental health, especially in terms of need awareness and evaluation of alternatives, vary from culture to culture. Understanding these differences is critical to attract and retain patients suffering from mental conditions. Generic literature on consumer behavior does not provide direct answers to many of the problems in this regard, primarily because such literature does not take into account the deviant mental states of these patients. In this paper, we review findings from mental health specific studies conducted in both Western and Asian countries, evaluate the importance of decision-making factors for both public and private service providers, and offer directions for future research. Interdisciplinary literature on customer relationship management, consumer behavior, mental health, and healthcare marketing, guided by the principles of systematic literature review constituted the methodology of this study. The research methods are analysis, synthesis, classification and grouping. The empirical base included about 250 peer-reviewed articles on the topic under consideration. We find that doctor-led service provision is still the most prevalent form of relationship building in the Eastern societies, especially in the less developed countries of South East Asia. Consumer-initiated mental health treatment schemes are more common in more developed Western economies. We also observe that, among the innovative set of providers, there is a trend of increased use of telehealth. Among other things, this includes more proactive and digitally-savvy identification, acquisition, and retention of patients. The results of the study can be used as the basis for marketing strategies of drug manufacturers and mobile application designers in the field of online medical services.
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Oliver Kasdan, David, and Kyehyun Kim. "From K-Pop to K-Preparedness: Korea confronts disaster reduction." Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal 26, no. 3 (June 5, 2017): 276–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dpm-10-2016-0206.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to describe a recent effort by the South Korean Government to stimulate a domestic disaster risk reduction (DRR) technology industry for the export market. The project is a novel form of public-private partnership (PPP) that simultaneously fulfills the mandates of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction while promoting Korea’s economic development agenda. Design/methodology/approach The research is primarily a review study of the Global DRR Technology project as it is situated in the literature of PPP research from both the public administration and disaster management disciplines. Findings Korea’s approach to address DRR through a PPP targeting the needs of East Asian countries is unique. The overall effectiveness of the effort will take time to assess, but the model is an interesting and potentially fruitful mean of advancing DRR technology dissemination. Practical implications Korea may position itself as a global leader of DRR technology through this effort in terms of both market share and support of the Sendai Framework’s objectives. If successful, the PPP approach may be adopted as a viable means of improving DRR for other countries. Social implications Using PPPs for various aspects of DRR can be win-win situation for economic development and disaster management outcomes. Originality/value This paper presents a distinct application of the PPP model for DRR that other countries may appreciate and/or adopt for their own DRR needs.
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Chung, Jinwook, Salima Akter, Sunhee Han, Yoonhwa Shin, Tae Gyu Choi, Insug Kang, and Sung Soo Kim. "Diagnosis by Volatile Organic Compounds in Exhaled Breath in Exhaled Breath from Patients with Gastric and Colorectal Cancers." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 1 (December 21, 2022): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010129.
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One in three cancer deaths worldwide are caused by gastric and colorectal cancer malignancies. Although the incidence and fatality rates differ significantly from country to country, the rates of these cancers in East Asian nations such as South Korea and Japan have been increasing each year. Above all, the biggest danger of this disease is how challenging it is to recognize in its early stages. Moreover, most patients with these cancers do not present with any disease symptoms before receiving a definitive diagnosis. Currently, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are being used for the early prediction of several other diseases, and research has been carried out on these applications. Exhaled VOCs from patients possess remarkable potential as novel biomarkers, and their analysis could be transformative in the prevention and early diagnosis of colon and stomach cancers. VOCs have been spotlighted in recent studies due to their ease of use. Diagnosis on the basis of patient VOC analysis takes less time than methods using gas chromatography, and results in the literature demonstrate that it is possible to determine whether a patient has certain diseases by using organic compounds in their breath as indicators. This study describes how VOCs can be used to precisely detect cancers; as more data are accumulated, the accuracy of this method will increase, and it can be applied in more fields.
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NERETINA, ANNA N., ALEXEY A. KOTOV, and KAY VAN DAMME. "A new case of false “wide” distribution for tropical cladocerans: the genus Notoalona Rajapaksa & Fernando, 1987 (Crustacea: Cladocera) in the Old World." Zootaxa 4615, no. 3 (June 14, 2019): 489–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4615.3.5.
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Members of the genus Notoalona Rajapaksa & Fernando, 1987 (Cladocera: Chydoridae: Aloninae) are small-sized chydorids, inhabiting tropical water bodies around the World. Based on morphological features two species, N. globulosa (Daday, 1898) and N. pseudomacronyx Van Damme, Maiphae & Sa-Ardrit, 2013, were revealed in tropical Asia, but the status of African populations has remained unclear for a long time. Some authors identified African specimens as N. globulosa, others considered them as potentially new species awaiting description. Here we reexamined morphology of Notoalona populations from tropical Asia (Thailand, Laos) and Africa (Ethiopia, Kenya, Sudan and Madagascar). Although parthenogenetic females from Asia and Africa are basically similar, a single stable difference was found. In N. globulosa, the length of the basal spine and claw base are almost equal to each other, while in all investigated African specimens the basal spine is two times longer than base of postabdominal claw. This feature allows us to identify African populations as N. pseudomacronyx. Length of the setules in the basal group near the postabdominal basal spine, which was previously discussed in the literature as a specific feature for African populations, in fact, is overly variable and cannot be considered as diagnostic characteristic for the description of African populations as a separate taxon. Thus, the distribution range of N. pseudomacronyx is hereby expanded from South Africa to South East Asia, while N. globulosa s.l. occupies water bodies from tropical Asia to Australia. The same distribution patterns, when sibling species occur together in tropical Asia, have been shown for some other cladocerans as well. No doubt, the Asian tropics may be a particularly interesting area for future investigations on co-occurrence of sibling cladocerans, their ecology, behavior, genetics and potential hybridization.
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Swennen, Cornelis, and Phusit Horpet. "Pseudo-imposex; male features in female volutes not TBT-induced (Gastropoda: Volutidae)." Contributions to Zoology 77, no. 1 (2008): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18759866-07701003.
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The occurrence of a penis in female gastropods of the super-family Muricoidea (infraorder Neogastropoda) has commonly been accepted as an indicator of tributyltin (TBT) pollution. Some species seem less sensitive than others, and one belonging to the family Columbellidae has been reported that it lacks the imposex response. During a survey in South-east Asian waters, females of Cymbiola nobilis and Melo melo (family Volutidae) with a small penis and an external vas deferens were initially considered as showing imposex. Doubt arose when 100% of the females had a penis on sites where other gastropods showed no or a low imposex incidence. During the present study, several hypotheses could be rejected such as (1) that the volutes are extremely sensible for TBT; (2) due to a high age they have a higher chance of coming into contact with TBT; or (3) they have a sex change during growth. This induced us to search for museum specimens collected before 1960, which date is long before TBT was brought into use as biocide in anti-fouling paint on ships. In the Australian Museum in Sydney and the Zoological Museum in Amsterdam some species were found from Indonesian and Australian waters. All inspected females showed the typical small penis and vas deferens by which it became clear that it is not TBT induced, but a natural phenomenon in these species. This is unknown in other muricoids. The “pseudo-imposex” has been established in Cymbiola nobilis, C. vespertilio, Melo amphora, M. melo and M. umbilicata. These species belong to the Volutidae subfamily Cymbiinae. However, male characters in females seem missing in species belonging to the subfamilies Odontocymbiolinae and Zidoninae from South America; they show a normal TBT- induced imposex response according recent literature.
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Pandey, I. M., and Visit Ongpipattanakul. "Agency behavior and corporate restructuring choices during performance decline in an emerging economy." International Journal of Managerial Finance 11, no. 2 (April 7, 2015): 244–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmf-03-2014-0035.
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Purpose – Restructuring strategies are complicated processes and choices are influenced by and interact with the agreements and conflicts of interest among stakeholders. Firms in the emerging economies are characterized by high growth, high leverage, less effective corporate governance and different legal and institution context as compared to the firms in the developed economies. The purpose of this paper is to explain the agency monitoring variables that influence decisions to select and/or avoid restructuring strategies of the firms that have experienced a performance decline in an emerging economy. The authors have chosen Thailand as an example of an emerging economy as it was believed as the center of the major Asian economic crisis in mid-1997. Design/methodology/approach – The sample of the study comprises 120 Thai non-financial firms listed on the Stock Exchange of Thailand, all of which experienced a performance decline for two consecutive years during 1997-2008; the years 1997 and 1998 coinciding with financial crisis. The study uses panel logistic regressions to examine the likelihood of the choices of restructuring strategies given the agency variables after controlling for other possible influences. Findings – The results show that restructuring strategy choices are significantly influenced by both agency factors and control variables. The results show both similarities to and differences from earlier studies of the developed economies. The similarities are found in leverage agency behaviors. The differences in the results are found in the types and the details of the agency factors, in particular the management ownership and governance factors. The authors also explore the effects of the agency variables interactions on the choices of restructuring strategies of the performance-declining firms. Research limitations/implications – Emerging economies have many similarities, but they also demonstrate some country specific differences. This study is confined to one single country, and thus, may not be comparable with other emerging economies due to differences in factors such as regulatory, institutional, tax environments etc. However, it does show a way to conduct such studies in the context of other countries. Originality/value – To the knowledge, this is the first comprehensive study of corporate restructuring in an emerging economy, particularly of the South-East Asian economy. The authors also show, for the first time, the agency variables interactions effects on the restructuring strategies of the firms. Thus, the study contributes to the growing literature of the corporate restructuring in terms of the contextual knowledge of the emerging economies.
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Maelah, Ruhanita, Baha'a Aldeen Hussein Mohamed, and Amizawati Mohd Amir. "Strategic Management Accounting Information and Performance: Mediating Effect of Knowledge Management." South East Asian Journal of Management 16, no. 1 (April 30, 2022): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21002/seam.v16i1.1085.
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Research Aims: The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between Strategic Management Accounting (SMA) information, Knowledge Management (KM), and the performance of Malaysian hospitals. Design/methodology/approach: A survey is employed, and data is collected using self- administered questionnaires. Responses from 95 Malaysian private hospitals were analysed using Partial Least Squares (PLS) 3.0. Research Findings: The findings indicate that SMA information positively affects performance, and KM mediates the relationship between SMA information and interpretation. Theoretical Contribution/Originality: This study utilised the Resource-Based View (RBV) theory to explain SMA information as a resource and KM as a capability that impacts the competitive advantage of organisations. This study contributes to the line of literature on SMA information and KM in the healthcare sector. Managerial Implication in the South East Asian Context: Findings of this study can be used by managers to improve SMA information and KM in their organisations. Research limitation & Implications: Firstly, the data were collected from a single sector, the healthcare sector, in a developing economy and focused on hospitals. It may be inappropriate for the results of this study to be used for other sectors, such as industrial sectors or in other countries. Secondly, the results from path analysis do not explain for sure how these independent variables influence the dependent variables. Although the path analysis can reveal the significant relationships between the independent and dependent variables, it is insufficient to provide subjective information that may need to be addressed using a qualitative method. Keywords: strategic management accounting, information, knowledge management, healthcare, hospital
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Okeke-Ihejirika, Philomina, Sophie Yohani, Janine Muster, Alphonse Ndem, Thane Chambers, and Virginia Pow. "A Scoping Review on Intimate Partner Violence in Canada’s Immigrant Communities." Trauma, Violence, & Abuse 21, no. 4 (September 3, 2018): 788–810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524838018789156.
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Canada relies on newcomers for population growth, labor supply, and cultural diversity. Newcomers, in turn, see Canada as a haven of economic opportunities. However, the extent to which these mutual benefits can be realized depends on how well newcomers fare in Canada. Intimate partner violence (IPV) significantly undermines immigrants’ capacity to rebuild their lives in host societies. As in other Western democracies, recent immigrants and refugees to Canada are highly vulnerable to IPV; they arrive with limited support systems, wrestle with changing family dynamics, and may have to adapt to new gender roles. IPV often occurs in the private domain of the family and poses serious risks to women, children, families, and the broader society. Our scoping review of 30 articles on IPV within Canadian immigrant groups identifies crucial differences in perceptions and experiences of, responses to, and coping mechanisms among female survivors, and a tendency to place the blame for IPV on the cultural values and practices that immigrants bring to Canada. The majority of existing services and policies, our review shows, are not well suited to immigrant women’s needs and may undermine women’s capacity to find satisfying solutions. Our review is limited by a dearth of literature; it is based mainly on the experiences of South East Asian immigrant women in the Greater Toronto Area. Our findings suggest that future research should address women’s and men’s experiences of IPV, include nonheterosexual couples, extend to the broader immigrant population, and incorporate the voices of stakeholders other than survivors.
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LIN, MAN-HOUNG. "Taiwan, Hong Kong, and the Pacific, 1895–1945." Modern Asian Studies 44, no. 5 (December 2, 2009): 1053–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x09990370.
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AbstractFor the history connecting East Asia with the West, there is much literature about contact and trade across the Atlantic Ocean from the sixteenth to the early nineteenth centuries.1 This paper notes the rapid growth of the Pacific Ocean in linking Asia with the larger world in the early twentieth century by perceiving the economic relationships between Taiwan and Hong Kong while Japan colonized Taiwan. The Pacific route from Taiwan directly to America or through Japan largely replaced the Hong Kong–Atlantic–Europe–USA route to move Taiwan's export products to countries in the West. Other than still using Hong Kong as a trans-shipping point to connect with the world, Japan utilized Taiwan as a trans-shipping point to sell Japanese products to South China, and Taiwan's tea was sold directly to Southeast Asia rather than going through Hong Kong. Taiwan's exports to Japan took the place of its exports to China. Japanese and American goods dominated over European goods or Chinese goods from Hong Kong for Taiwan's import. Japanese and Taiwanese merchants (including some anti-Japanese merchants) overrode the British and Chinese merchants in Hong Kong to carry on the Taiwan–Hong Kong trade. America's westward expansion towards the Pacific, the rise of the Pacific shipping marked by the opening of the Panama Canal in 1914, and the rise of Japan relative to China, restructured intra-Asian relations and those between Asia and the rest of the world.
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Henning, Tilo, Dietmar Quandt, Bernadette Grosse-Veldmann, Alexander Monro, and Maximilian Weigend. "Weeding the Nettles II: A delimitation of “Urtica dioica L.” (Urticaceae) based on morphological and molecular data, including a rehabilitation of Urtica gracilis Ait." Phytotaxa 162, no. 2 (March 10, 2014): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.162.2.1.
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The taxonomy of subcosmopolitan Urtica dioica L. s.l. is problematic. Recent floras recognize Urtica dioica as a subcosmopolitan species ranging throughout the entire holarctic region and also South Africa and New Zealand. Numerous infraspecific taxa have been proposed, especially in western Eurasia. There is only weak character differentiation, with floral and fruit morphology largely uniform, details of leaf morphology and indumentum are therefore primarily used for species delimitation, together with some characters of gender distribution and growth habit. The present study addresses the enigmatic relationships of the infraspecific taxa in Urtica dioica with a special emphasis on the monoecious, American representatives of Urtica dioica s.l. The study is based on extensive field and herbarium studies, molecular data and the experimental cultivation of all relevant forms. Infraspecific taxa currently assigned to U. dioica are retrieved mainly on two separate clades, one comprising the predominantly polygamous western Eurasian and African taxa (all subspecies and varieties sampled), the other comprising the monoecious American taxa. Monoecious American representatives of “Urtica dioica” and closely allied taxa (U. aquatica, U. mollis) are retrieved as a monophyletic group sister to a clade with East Asian and Australasian species, this clade is then retrieved as sister to the western and central Eurasian and African taxa of U. dioica. We therefore advocate the removal of the American representatives of this group from Urtica dioica and their placement as infraspecific taxa under Urtica gracilis. The following new names are consequently proposed: Urtica gracilis subsp. gracilis (for Urtica dioica subsp. gracilis), Urtica gracilis subsp. holosericea, comb. nov. (for Urtica dioica subsp. holosericea), Urtica gracilis subsp. aquatica, comb. & stat. nov. (for Urtica aquatica), Urtica gracilis subsp. mollis, comb. & stat. nov. (for Urtica mollis). Additionally, we describe a new subspecies from Peru under the name Urtica gracilis subsp. incaica. The literature report of Urtica gracilis (dioica subsp. gracilis) as an introduced weed in New Zealand is shown to be erroneous – the corresponding specimens belong to Australian Urtica incisa. Based on gross morphology close affinities have been proposed between a range of Australasian, Asian, North American and European infraspecific taxa, all of these can be shown to be erroneous.
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Tkachuk, T. E., Yu V. Nikiforova, and L. I. Saraeva. "Distribution, Ecological and Phytocoenotical Features of Asparagus brachyphyllus Turcz. in Eastern Transbaicalia." Bulletin of Irkutsk State University. Series Biology. Ecology 32 (2020): 18–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.26516/2073-3372.2020.32.18.
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Asparagus brachyphyllus Turcz. is a rare species in Russia. It’s a herbaceous perennial plant with short horizontal rhizome which gives 1-6 annual shoots. According to the literature the species grows in saline steppe and around salty lakes. In conditions of Eastern Transbaicalia vegetation lasts a little more than four months from middle May to late September, fruiting from June to September. A. brachyphyllus is listed in Red Book of Russian Federation, it is protected in Daursky State Nature Biosphere Reserve. In Transbaicalia it is limitated by small area of habitats, narrow environmental tolerance, low numerity of populations, grazing (annual shoots are eagerly eaten by animals, especially in spring). A. brachyphyllus has eastern-asian steppe (in the narrow sense) type of distribution, the main part of area is in North-East of China and in the East of Mongolia. In Russian Federation it occurs only in steppe districts of Zabaikalsky kray where there is the northern distribution limit. During our many years field expeditions new localities of A. brachyphyllus in Zabaikalsky Region were descripted, information on ecological-phytocenotic features and populations condition at the northern area limit was expanded. Localities of the species were identified at South and South-East of Zabaikalsky kray: Argun area, Aga steppe and Torey lake surroundings; most of localities are concentrated near Torey lakes, in other areas localities are sporadic. A. brachyphyllus grows mostly in Achnatherum splendens and Achnatherum splendens – Leymus chinensis saz steppe communities on solonetz soils, also on soil complexes of solonez and solonchack, sometimes it occurs on solonchacks in hyperhalophytic communities with Kalidium foliatum, Limonium aureum, Suaeda corniculata, Puccinellia tenuiflora. In plant communities A. brachyphyllus appears as a species with low abundance and coverage less 1%; due to prostrate form of shoots they place in lower layer up to 10 cm. In few-species communities on solonchacks A. brachyphyllus has low abundance, and a little higher on solonetz. In last case both species number and density of asparagus coenotic population are higher as usual. For estimation coenotic populations vitality we used a complex of criteria: density of coenotic populations, projective cover of species, markers of generativeness. Numerous Torey coenotic populations most often have medium vitality while that of coenotic populations at Aga localities higher. About a half of revealed coenotic populations suffer temperate influence of livestock grazing which lessens vitality by trampling and partial eating. Some localities at Torey lakes area need special protecting measures.
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Afsar, Rita. "Bringing Women Entrepreneurs In Policy Focus For SME Development In Bangladesh." Pakistan Journal of Gender Studies 2, no. 1 (September 8, 2009): 127–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.46568/pjgs.v2i1.359.
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Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are often considered as panacea for generating labour-intensive employment opportunities needed to absorb expanding labour force, providing much needed flexibility and innovations in the economy as a whole, diversifying economic activities and making significant contribution to export and poverty alleviation. There is disproportionately high concentration of women in the low-productive, low-income generating micro-enterprises and subsequent low representation of women entrepreneurs in the SME sector due to some of the inherent problems of this sector compounded with systematic gender based inequality. Data from the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics show that in Bangladesh, only about 7.4 per cent of the establishments in manufacturing and services as of 2001-2003 are owned by women. This compares with about 20 per cent in India as of 2000 and that of nearly 39 per cent in the South-East Asian region. Clearly it suggests the need for policy push to increase women’s participation and enhance their capacity. Based on a thorough literature review including research and other policy as well as programme related documents, this paper highlights the major constraints faced by women entrepreneurs and suggest appropriate policy measures to address those gaps and challenges from a review of the existing SME policies. It argues that the whole process of SME development should have a clear structure and a vision for enhancing capability of the entrepreneurs to compete in the global and domestic markets which demand special focus on women entrepreneurs who are often marginalized in the existing women unfriendly environment. A broad and comprehensive focus on information and capital accessibility, skill development and marketing linkage is essential to increase women’s participation in SME.
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Andel, Joan D., H. E. Coomans, Rene Berg, James N. Sneddon, Thomas Crump, H. Beukers, M. Heins, et al. "Book Reviews." Bijdragen tot de taal-, land- en volkenkunde / Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia 147, no. 4 (1991): 516–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134379-90003185.
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- Joan D. van Andel, H.E. Coomans, Building up the the future from the past; Studies on the architecture and historic monuments in the Dutch Caribbean, Zutphen: De Walburg Pers, 1990, 268 pp., M.A. Newton, M. Coomans-Eustatia (eds.) - Rene van den Berg, James N. Sneddon, Studies in Sulawesi linguistics, Part I, 1989. NUSA, Linguistic studies of Indonesian and other languages in Indonesia, volume 31. Jakarta: Badan Penyelenggara Seri Nusa, Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya. - Thomas Crump, H. Beukers, Red-hair medicine: Dutch-Japanese medical relations. Amsterdam/Atlanta, GA: Rodopi, Publications for the Netherlands Association of Japanese studies No. 5, 1991., A.M. Luyendijk-Elshout, M.E. van Opstall (eds.) - M. Heins, Kees P. Epskamp, Theatre in search of social change; The relative significance of different theatrical approaches. Den Haag: CESO Paperback no. 7, 1989. - Rudy De Iongh, Rainer Carle, Opera Batak; Das Wandertheater der Toba-Batak in Nord Sumatra. Schauspiele zur Währung kultureller Identität im nationalen Indonesischen Kontext. Veröffentlichungen des Seminars fur Indonesische und Südseesprachen der Universität Hamburg, Band 15/1 & 15/2 (2 Volumes), Berlin: Dietrich Reimer Verlag, 1990. - P.E. de Josselin de Jong, Birgit Rottger-Rossler, Rang und Ansehen bei den Makassar von Gowa (Süd-Sulawesi, Indonesien), Kölner Ethnologische Studien, Band 15. Dietrich Reimar Verlag, Berlin, 1989. 332 pp. text, notes, glossary, literature. - John Kleinen, Vo Nhan Tri, Vietnam’s economic policy since 1975. Singapore: ASEAN Economic research unit, Institute of Southeast Asian studies, 1990. xii + 295 pp. - H.M.J. Maier, David Banks, From class to culture; Social conscience in Malay novels since independence, Yale, 1987. - Th. C. van der Meij, Robyn Maxwell, Textiles of Southeast Asia; Tradition, trade and transformation. Melbourne/Oxford/Auckland/New York: Australian National Gallery/Oxford University Press. - A.E. Mills, Elinor Ochs, Culture and language development, Studies in the social and cultural foundations of language No. 6, Cambridge University Press, 227 + 10 pp. - Denis Monnerie, Frederick H. Damon, Death rituals and life in the societies of the Kula Ring, Dekalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 1989. 280 pp., maps, figs., bibliogr., Roy Wagner (eds.) - Denis Monnerie, Frederick H. Damon, From Muyuw to the Trobriands; Transformations along the northern side of the Kula ring, Tucson: The University of Arizona Press, 1990. xvi + 285 pp., maps, figs., illus., apps., bibliogr., index. - David S. Moyer, Jeremy Boissevain, Dutch dilemmas; Anthropologists look at the Netherlands, Assen/Maastricht: Van Gorcum, 1989, v + 186 pp., Jojada Verrips (eds.) - Gert Oostindie, B.H. Slicher van Bath, Indianen en Spanjaarden; Een ontmoeting tussen twee werelden, Latijns Amerika 1500-1800. Amsterdam: Bert Bakker, 1989. 301 pp. - Parakitri, C.A.M. de Jong, Kompas 1965-1985; Een algemene krant met een katholieke achtergrond binnen het religieus pluralisme van Indonesie, Kampen: Kok, 1990. - C.A. van Peursen, J. van Baal, Mysterie als openbaring. Utrecht: ISOR, 1990. - Harry A. Poeze, R.A. Longmire, Soviet relations with South-East Asia; An historical survey. London-New York: Kegan Paul International, 1989, x + 176 pp. - Harry A. Poeze, Ann Swift, The road to Madiun; The Indonesian communist uprising of 1948. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell Modern Indonesia Project (Monograph series 69), 1989, xii + 116 pp. - Alex van Stipriaan, Cornelis Ch. Goslinga, The Dutch in the Caribbean and in Surinam 1791/5 - 1942, Assen/Maastricht: Van Gorcum, 1990. xii + 812 pp. - A. Teeuw, Keith Foulcher, Social commitment in literature and the arts: The Indonesian ‘Institute of People’s culture’ 1950-1965, Clayton, Victoria: Southeast Asian studies, Monash University (Centre of Southeast Asian studies), 1986, vii + 234 pp. - Elly Touwen-Bouwsma, T. Friend, The blue-eyed enemy; Japan against the West in Java and Luzon, 1942-1945. New Jersey: Princeton University press, 1988, 325 pp.
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Davies, Alun, Grace Mwango, Bernard Appiah, James J. Callery, Vu Duy Thanh, Nozibusiso Gumede, Robert Inglis, et al. "Initiating a network to support engagement between health researchers and schools: recommendations from an international meeting of schools engagement practitioners held in Kilifi, Kenya." Wellcome Open Research 4 (July 7, 2020): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15556.2.
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Engagement between health researchers and local schools, or School Engagement, has become incorporated into the engagement strategies of many research institutions worldwide. Innovative initiatives have emerged within Wellcome Trust-funded African and Asian Programmes (APPs) and elsewhere, and continued funding from the Wellcome Trust and other funders is likely to catalyse further innovation. Engagement between scientists and schools is well-described in the scientific literature (1-4), however, engagement between health researchers and schools is much newer, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, and rarely documented. In November 2018 the KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme (KWTRP) hosted an international workshop in Kilifi, Kenya, drawing on an emerging community of School Engagement practitioners towards exploring the broad range of goals for School Engagement, learning about the breadth of evaluation approaches and exploring the potential usefulness of establishing a practitioner network. The workshop was attended by 29 engagement researchers/practitioners representing 21 institutions from 10 countries in sub-Saharan Africa and South East Asia and the UK. Workshop sessions combining small group discussions with plenary presentations, enabled a range of goals, activities and evaluation approaches to be shared. This report summarises these discussions, and shares participant views on the possible functions of a network of School Engagement practitioners. A breadth of ‘deep’ and ‘wide’ engagement activities were described addressing four broad goals: contributing to science education; capacity strengthening for health research; contributing to goals of community engagement; and health promotion. While wide approaches have greater outreach for raising student awareness, deeper approaches are more likely enable informed student views to be incorporated into research. All activities ultimately aimed at improving health, but also at supporting development in low- and middle-income countries through promoting science-career uptake. Participants identified a range of potential benefits which could emerge from a practitioner network: sharing experiences and resources; facilitating capacity strengthening; and fostering collaboration
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Allingham, Jessica, and Wely B. Floriano. "Genetic diversity in the IZUMO1-JUNO protein-receptor pair involved in human reproduction." PLOS ONE 16, no. 12 (December 8, 2021): e0260692. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0260692.
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Fertilization in mammals begins with the union of egg and sperm, an event that starts a cascade of cellular processes. The molecular-level understanding of these processes can guide the development of new strategies for controlling and/or promoting fertilization, and inform researchers and medical professional on the best choice of interventions. The proteins encoded by the IZUMO1 and JUNO genes form a ligand-receptor protein pair involved in the recognition of sperm and egg. Due to their role in the fertilization process, these proteins are potential targets for the development of novel anti-contraceptive, as well as infertility treatments. Here we present a comprehensive analysis of these gene sequences, with the objective of identifying evolutionary patterns that may support their relevance as targets for preventing or improving fertility among humans. JUNO and IZUMO1 gene sequences were identified within the genomes of over 2,000 humans sequenced in the 1000 Genomes Project. The human sequences were subjected to analyses of nucleotide diversity, deviation from neutrality of genetic variation, population-based differentiation (FST), haplotype inference, and whole chromosome scanning for signals of positive or of balancing selection. Derived alleles were determined by comparison to archaic hominin and other primate genomes. The potential effect of common non-synonymous variants on protein-protein interaction was also assessed. IZUMO1 displays higher variability among human individuals than JUNO. Genetic differentiation between continental population pairs was within whole-genome estimates for all but the JUNO gene in the African population group with respect to the other 4 population groups (American, East Asian, South Asian, and European). Tajima’s D values demonstrated deviation from neutrality for both genes in comparison to a group of genes identified in the literature as under balancing or positive selection. Tajima’s D for IZUMO1 aligns with values calculated for genes presumed to be under balancing selection, whereas JUNO’s value aligned with genes presumed to be under positive selection. These inferences on selection are both supported by SNP density, nucleotide diversity and haplotype analysis. A JUNO haplotype carrying 3 derived alleles out of 5, one of which is a missense mutation implicated in polyspermy, was found to be significant in a population of African ancestry. Polyspermy has a disadvantageous impact on fertility and its presence in approximately 30% of the population of African ancestry may be associated to a potentially beneficial role of this haplotype. This role has not been established and may be related to a non-reproductive role of JUNO. The high degree of conservation of the JUNO sequence combined with a dominant haplotype across multiple population groups supports JUNO as a potential target for the development of contraceptive treatments. In addition to providing a detailed account of human genetic diversity across these 2 important and related genes, this study also provides a framework for large population-based studies investigating protein-protein interactions at the genome level.
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Afzal, Munshi Naser Ibne, Kasim Mansur, and Umme Humayara Manni. "Entrepreneurial capability (EC) environment in ASEAN-05 emerging economies." Asia Pacific Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship 12, no. 2 (August 13, 2018): 206–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/apjie-01-2018-0002.
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Purpose The entrepreneurial capability (EC) environment refers to the general social and economic settings of a given local/regional entrepreneurship environment. The primary purpose of this study is to uncover key indicators of the EC milieu and test these components empirically within the context of the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN)-5 economies to elucidate the current state of their EC environments, at the regional and national levels. To this end, the aim of this study is twofold. First, this work endeavors to explicate the determinants of EC, with aims of elucidating its association to commercial opportunities in (ASEAN)-5 economies, namely, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand. Next, this study applies the developed theory, including the identified determinants of EC to empirically test the efficiency and imperative coefficients of variables that have an impact on perceived entrepreneurial capabilities within a given environment. Design/methodology/approach This research applies two frontier models, namely, the consistent estimation of fixed-effects and linear transformation stochastic frontier models, to assess the coefficients of significant EC variables for the panel sample. Data corresponding to the assessed variables were retrieved from the databases of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) – 2016 and the World Competitiveness Yearbook (WCY) – 2016, for the period, 2010-2016. Findings The attained results suggest that factors corresponding to the variables “Entrepreneurship as a good career choice” and “perceived opportunities” have played a significantly positive role on the EC environment of ASEAN 05, although findings suggest both factors may still be improved upon. Conversely, the “fear of failure rate” factor was shown to have exerted a negative impact on the efficiency of the EC environment of ASEAN 05. Other important variables – such as intellectual property rights, university education and knowledge transfer rate – were shown to generate a positive impact on the EC environment of these economies. Originality/value This study makes an important contribution to the entrepreneurship literature and can stimulate policymakers to rethink the EC settings of ASEAN-05 in their pursuit of an innovation-driven region.
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Perrea, Toula, Klaus G. Grunert, Athanasios Krystallis, Yanfeng Zhou, Guang Huang, and Yue Hue. "Testing and validation of a hierarchical values-attitudes model in the context of green food in China." Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics 26, no. 2 (April 8, 2014): 296–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/apjml-09-2013-0106.
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Purpose – Values-attitudes hierarchical models are quite frequent in the consumer behaviour literature. In attitudinal models specific to food produced in an environmentally friendly way (i.e. “green” food), past research evidence mainly originating in Western cultures posits that the strongest path of the model can be found among collectivistic consumer values, general environmental attitudes, and attitudes specific to green food. On the other hand, in non-Western cultures (i.e. China), green food (e.g. organic) is perceived by consumers as safer to consume. With this as point of departure, the present paper aims to examine whether attitudes towards green food in a values-attitudes model in China are determined as postulated in past Western research. Design/methodology/approach – A “typical” (i.e. Western research evidence-based) values-attitudes hierarchical model was developed and a questionnaire comprising 34 items reflecting the conceptual model was designed. Data collection was focused on six major Chinese cities, as this is where the current changes in eating habits are predominantly taking place. Data were collected by personal interviews conducted by local researchers between January and March 2009 through a mall-intercept method. A total number of 479 respondents were recruited, equally distributed among the six cities. Findings – Collectivistic values and environmental attitudes were still found to be strong determinants of Chinese consumers' attitudes towards green foods; contrary to relevant Western findings, however, collectivism also influenced technological attitudes; which, in turn, influenced attitudes towards green food jointly with environmental attitudes. These findings point to the conclusion that Chinese consumers, possibly guided by altruistic predispositions, see technology as a positive determinant of both food safety and environmental friendliness in food production. Empirical findings like these highlight the need for adaptation of well-substantiated models to completely customised research approaches within new globally rising environments. Originality/value – It is still not quite clear how green food products are perceived in South-East Asian consumer cultures, as well as in other non-Western contexts. This scarcity makes the empirical examination of well-established values-attitudes hierarchies in such contexts valuable from an academic and practitioner's point of view.
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Wu, Lan, Yuyu Wang, Xunqiang Mo, Qian Wei, Chaohong Ma, Hao Wang, Terry Townshend, Yifei Jia, Wenjia Hu, and Guangchun Lei. "Shifted to the South, Shifted to the North, but No Expansion: Potential Suitable Habitat Distribution Shift and Conservation Gap of the Critically Endangered Baer’s Pochard (Aythya baeri)." Remote Sensing 14, no. 9 (April 30, 2022): 2171. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14092171.
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There are many challenges in biodiversity conservation, especially for migratory waterbirds because their survival depends on the availability of a suite of interconnected sites at different stages of their annual cycle. Due to habitat loss and degradation, the population of Baer’s Pochard (Aythya baeri), a migratory diving-duck, has declined to an extent that it has been listed as a critically endangered species by the IUCN Red List. To better understand the habitat requirements of this threatened waterbird for its effective conservation, we conducted seven years of field surveys within its historical distribution range in the East Asian–Australasian Flyway including China and neighbouring countries, covering 563 observation sites at 185 locations. Twelve new locations were identified as habitats for this species. By combining our surveys with literature and citizen science birding records, 171 Baer’s Pochard’s presence sites have classified as migratory stopovers, wintering grounds and breeding and potential breeding habitats. We then used Maxent model to estimate the potential distribution range and updated and refined the current IUCN distribution map. Finally, we identified the key conservation gaps by overlaying the distribution with a recent remotely acquired global landcover map. Our results show that: (1) The southernmost breeding site is about 1400 km south of its current IUCN breeding range; (2) the northern most wintering site is 800 km north of the IUCN wintering range; (3) Six newly discovered sites in Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Jiangxi and Hubei provinces, China are confirmed to be used all year round; (4) Most sites (81.8%) are not located in protected areas (PAs), and the majority of the suitable habitats (90%) are not protected by the current PA network. Our findings reveal that great changes have taken place in the distribution of Baer’s Pochard and that there are many distribution overlaps throughout its annual migration circle (e.g., many historical stopover sites become breeding habitats). Moreover, the key habitats have retreated into eastern Asia, and most of the habitats overlap with urban developed areas and are outside of current PA network. Our study suggests that the existing PA network may be less effective for the conservation of this critically endangered species under predicted global climate change, and other effective area-based conservation measures should be part of the conservation strategy. More importantly, as the distribution of Baer’s Pochard covers at least 15 countries, closely coordinated cross-border cooperation would be critical for its future survival.
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Hassan, S. U., K. Mahmoud, Z. Wigston, A. Burska, M. Y. MD Yusof, and E. Vital. "POS0175 ASSOCIATION BETWEEN BIOMARKERS AND THERAPEUTIC PATHWAY IN PATIENTS WITH SLE." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (May 19, 2021): 300.2–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.2467.
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Background:SLE is heterogeneous in clinical presentation, underlying immunology, and response to therapy. Patients with severe or resistant disease receive cyclophosphamide or rituximab. Although effective, late use of these therapies entails cumulative damage.Emerging predictors of response to rituximab include demographics, IFN-Scores and autoantibodies. For such predictors to change treatment strategy we need to understand their association with the effectiveness of other therapeutic options at earlier decision points.Prospective studies of treatment pathways are difficult to perform, requiring large populations followed for many years. We therefore investigated this question by analysing retrospective treatment pathways since diagnosis in patients whose biomarker status is subsequently known.Objectives:To use interferon scores and other markers to;[1]identify SLE patients more likely to need escalation of therapy to either rituximab or cyclophosphamide, and[2]determine if this occurred sooner than in others.Methods:In patients with established SLE, attending Leeds SLE clinic, we collected demographics, clinical characteristics and blood at a single timepoint. Two previously validated IFN-Scores[1,2] (IFN-Score A and IFN-Score B) were measured using Taqman. Autoantibodies were measured using immunoprecipitation. Treatment history covering all antimalarials, oral and intravenous immunosuppressants (agent, start and stop dates and reasons) since diagnosis was collected. Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to test variables as predictors of the primary endpoint: time to cyclophosphamide/rituximab.Results:124 patients were included. Follow up since diagnosis was Median (IQR) 37.5 (27.4-52.3) years, total therapies per patient was 3 (1-4), therapies per year was 0.2 (0.1-0.3). 54/124 (44%) patients required cyclophosphamide/rituximab.Results of Cox regression are shown in the table 1. There was a significant association between high expression of IFN-Score B and requirement for cyclophosphamide/rituximab as well as trends for age in the first quartile (<28 years), IFN-Score A and anti-Sm/U1RNP antibodies. Both age <28 and IFN-Score B retained trends as independent predictors in a multivariable model.Table 1.CharacteristicCYC/RTX=Yes n(%)CYC/RTX =No n(%)Univariable Hazard ratio (95% CI)Univariable p valueMultivariable Hazard Ratio (95% CI)Multivariable p valueAge-Q1: under 2822 (71%)9 (29%)2.25 (0.99,5.12)0.0541.74 (0.95,3.18)0.074-Q2: 28 – 3812 (39%)19 (61%)1.03 (0.41,2.56)0.949Not includedNot included-Q3: 38 – 5212 (39%)19 (61%)1.52 (0.62,3.72)0.360Not includedNot included-Q4: over 528 (26%)23 (74%)referencereferenceNot includedNot includedEthnicity-Caucasian42 (48%)46 (52%)1.17 (0.58,2.35)0.660Not includedNot included-AfroCaribbean, South Asian, East Asian, Other10 (36%)18 (64%)referencereferenceIFN Score A, mean (SD)−2.59 (−2.67)−3.84 (−2.71)1.10 (0.98,1.24)0.113Not includedNot includedIFN Score B, mean (SD)−2.61 (−1.16)−3.53 (−1.76)1.31 (1.05,1.64)0.0171.23 (0.98,1.55)0.079Anti-Sm/U1RNP Ab positive17 (61%)11 (39%)1.50 (0.84,2.67)0.171Not includedNot includedAnti-Ro(60) Ab positive14 (45%)17 (55%)0.88 (0.47,1.65)0.686Not includedNot includedConclusion:Patients developing SLE before age 28 with raised interferon scores may be forecast to develop severe disease, fail oral therapies, and require rituximab. While this retrospective analysis may be confounded by a survivorship bias, our findings are consistent with other literature on these variables as predictors of severe disease. Future work will analyse more biomarkers in a larger and more varied patient population.References:[1]Md Yusof et al. Ann Rheum Dis 2018[2]El-Sherbiny et al. Sci Rep 2018Disclosure of Interests:Sabih-Ul Hassan: None declared, Khaled Mahmoud: None declared, Zoe Wigston: None declared, Agata Burska: None declared, Md Yuzaiful Md Yusof: None declared, Edward Vital Grant/research support from: Honoraria and research grant support from Roche, GSK and AstraZeneca.
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SCHMIDT, JOACHIM, and MATTHIAS HARTMANN. "Pristosia Motschulsky, 1865 from the Nepal Himalaya: Taxonomy and Biogeography (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Sphodrini)." Zootaxa 2009, no. 1 (February 11, 2009): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2009.1.1.
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The genus Pristosia Motschulsky, 1865 was so far only known to be highly diverse in the North-Western Himalaya and present in the Eastern Himalaya. Only a single female specimen has been documented in the literature from the Nepal Himalaya and was described as P. dahud Morvan, 1994. During a study of comprehensive carabid beetle material collected throughout Nepal, which has been deposited at several museums and private collections, a large number of Pristosia specimens from six species have been identified. The only fully winged species P. crenata (Putzeys, 1873), which is widely distributed in South East Asia, was found near Dailekh and is herewith reported for the Nepalese fauna for the first time. The Eastern Himalayan species P. amaroides (Putzeys, 1877) is reported for the first time in Nepal as well and occurs in Eastern Nepal at several localities east of the Arun river. At least four species occur in the Western and Far Western Nepal Himalaya, of which three are described as new to science: P. glabella sp. n. and P. nepalensis sp. n. from the Api Himal, and P. similata sp. n. from the Saipal Himal. An presumably additional new species is known from the north-western slope of the Dhaulagiri Himal, but is represented by a single immature female specimen only, which does not allow for a sufficient species diagnosis. The male external and genital characters of P. dahud Morvan, 1994 are now described for the first time. This species is considered to be polytypic and the geographic subspecies P. dahud polita ssp. n. is described from the south slope of the Kanjiroba Himal. The species P. atrema (Andrewes, 1926) and P. championi (Andrewes, 1934), which occur in the Kumaon Himalaya close to the Nepalese border, are redescribed based on the examination of the type material. Diagnostic features, especially for the male genitalia of all taxa mentioned above, are figured and a key to the species from Nepal is presented. Instead of a phylogenetic analysis, which is needed for Pristosia but not achievable at present, preliminary species groups for species dealt with are proposed: The Eastern Himalayan P. amaroides species group (monotypic), the P. atrema species group with six species from the Kumaon and Western Nepal Himalaya, the P. championi species group with two species from the Kumaon and Western Nepal Himalaya, and the South East Asian P. crenata species group (monotypic). Based on the distributional and ecological data presented in this study, species of the genus Pristosia with reduced hind wings seem to be absent from the entire Central Nepal Himalaya, and the only Eastern Nepalese species, P. amaroides, prefers largely different habitat conditions compared to the species from Western Nepal. Based on biogeographical hypotheses of other Himalayan carabid beetle genera presented in previous studies by the senior author, the observed species groups of Pristosia are considered to be further examples for Tertiary Tibetan faunal components of the Himalaya. Following a diversification of the genus within the Tertiary of Southern Tibet, speciation occurred and these species groups originated from founder populations that moved into the Nepal Himalaya. The colonization of the geologically younger High Himalaya has taken place independently for each of the terminal groups via different dispersal routes and during different periods of mountain uplift.
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Lennon, John. "Kanchanaburi and the Thai-Burma railway: disputed narratives in the interpretation of war." International Journal of Tourism Cities 4, no. 1 (March 5, 2018): 140–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijtc-06-2017-0033.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to consider the history and dark tourism attractions associated with a case study of the Thai-Burma Railway in the city of Kanchanaburi, Thailand. The paper considers how history has been abridged and distorted at a number of attraction sites in order to exploit the dark tourism commercial potential. The role of film media is considered as a critical element of the site narrative and the reality of the tragic past of this place is discussed within the context of Thailand’s role in the Second World War. Kanchanaburi, through the urban attractions that constitute the primary motivations for visitation, distorts and exploits its dark history for commercial and ideological purposes. Where accurate the Second World War interpretation was identified, it was maintained by balancing the requirements of national governments and institutions with acceptable levels of ambiguity and non-controversial perspectives on this urban location’s dark past. Design/methodology/approach The paper draws on literature, historical documents and tourism publications related to the Second World War and the incarceration and forced labour associated with the Thai-Burma Railway and the city of Kanchanaburi. Fieldwork incorporating tourist attraction and commemorative site visitation was undertaken in Northern Thailand in January 2017. Curators, managers, operators and tourist authorities were contacted in advance of the fieldwork by e-mail to request interviews. The sites identified were the primary sites visited by tourists, and no related Second World War site in the area was excluded. For those interviewed in relation to the subject area, a standard questionnaire based on a rolling database, relevant to particular sites was utilised. Interviews were taped and transcribed. Findings The city of Kanchanaburi is defined by a heritage that has changed over time. Many factors imbue the meanings and content of place. This is a function of a plethora of competing Influences and agendas; political, economic, cultural, demographic and historical. Yet, this destination is defined by the dark history of the Second World War which is associated with this place. The visitor attraction sites considered in Kanchanaburi provide multiple narratives around the Second World War events. They offer a range of content driven by influences as diverse as simple commercial gain to the complex interaction of political, economic and ideological agendas (cf. Gegner, 2012). In each case, the interpretation is used to articulate heritage through objects, artefacts, audio recording, place or imagery. These elements exist in environment(s) of their creation; the Second World War heritage of Kanchanaburi is developed in a nation that has only a partial and selective acceptance of its role in this conflict. The visitor attractions examined in this research and their content have all re-constructed and re-represented the past. Historical memorialization remains embedded in interests that are global, commercial, ideological but rarely neutral. The interpretation of the Thai-Burma Railway and the narrative of the many victims is associated with the construction merit respect, commemoration and consideration that is value free and not distorted by ideology or commercial imperatives. Practical implications This paper provides a foundation for further consideration of how such contested dark heritage is viewed not least by visitors and users. Development of research in this area would provide a valuable source of data on: consumer profiles, motivations and orientation. Relating this data to nationality and origin would provide useful comparative data to that offered by operators and managers of key attractions. Furthermore, the prevalence of social and digital media as primary tourist information source could be measured against the continued (and possibly declining) importance of the filmic narrative. Furthermore, deeper evaluation of nature and content of interpretation is merited, given the range of approaches and content observed. At a political and policy level, the treatment of this part of Thai history and the degree of sensitivity around interpretation is linked to how a nation confronts its difficult past. More thorough evaluation of treatment in national media and education curriculum also merits review. Urban heritage is an important element of urban destination marketing and evaluation based around core themes of transparency, openness, respect for the past, and sensitive treatment of tragic events offer direction for application and evaluation in other urban contexts. Originality/value This is the first time the heritage of this city has been considered in the context of dark tourism and the role of Thailand in the Second World War. It incorporates an analysis of all of the relevant attractions in the city and provides through the fieldwork conducted an original contribution to the tourism literature in this field. It draws on historical record, original documentation, interview analysis and tourism data. It provides further evidence of the dark tourism phenomena in a South East Asian context linked to a conflicted and selective appraisal of the past.