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Journal articles on the topic 'OTFS modulation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

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1

Siluveru, Mounika, Dharavath Nanda, and RadhaKrishna Karne. "Study and Analysis of OTFS and OFDM." Journal of Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Neural Network, no. 26 (November 29, 2022): 13–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.55529/jaimlnn.26.13.23.

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High mobility wireless communication systems have been proposed to be robust to channel-induced Doppler shift using Orthogonal Time Frequency Space (OTFS) modulation. The OTFS modulation technique is described in this paper. In addition to being in the delay-Doppler (DD) domain, OTFS has a unique and important feature. The OTFS modulation offers maximum diversity over frequency and time when coupled with an equalizer. This technique converts fading, time-varying wireless channels into time-independent, non-fading interactions that reveal their underlying geometry. Even in challenging 5G deployment settings, OTFS achieves Massive MIMO throughput gains by scaling throughput linearly with MIMO order. An analysis of peak to average power ratio (PAPR) of OFTS modulation wave forms is presented in this paper. OTFS with rectangular pulses is characterized analytically using the complementary cumulative distribution function (CCDF). The simulated CCDF for the PAPR of OTFS is compared with that for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) for different pulse shapes. The results show that OTFS has a better PAPR than OFDM.

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2

Ren, Huarong, Weikai Xu, and Lin Wang. "Multiple-Mode Orthogonal Time Frequency Space with Index Modulation." Electronics 11, no. 16 (August 19, 2022): 2600. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11162600.

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Recently, orthogonal time frequency space modulation with index modulation (OTFS-IM) has been proposed to improve the bit-error-rate (BER) performance of the OTFS system. However, only some of the grids in the OTFS-IM system are activated, resulting in low spectral efficiency (SE). In order to solve this problem, a new scheme called multiple-mode OTFS-IM (MM-OTFS-IM) is proposed in this paper. In the proposed scheme, all grids are activated to transmit modulation bits. Each grid in the subblock adopts a different modulation mode, and the index bits are transmitted implicitly by the combination of different constellation modes. At the receiver, a distance-based signal detection algorithm is designed, which uses the distance matrix to find the combination of the minimum sum of elements to recover the index bits. The simulation results demonstrate the enhanced performance of the proposed scheme in the time-varying channels.

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3

Raviteja, P., Yi Hong, Emanuele Viterbo, and Ezio Biglieri. "Effective Diversity of OTFS Modulation." IEEE Wireless Communications Letters 9, no. 2 (February 2020): 249–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2019.2951758.

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4

Guo, Xiaopeng, Biao Wang, Yunan Zhu, Zide Fang, and Zhaoyue Han. "Hamming Distance Optimized Underwater Acoustic OTFS-IM Systems." Entropy 25, no. 7 (June 24, 2023): 972. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25070972.

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The orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS) modulation technique can provide reliable communication in time-varying channels. Due to the dispersive characteristics of underwater acoustic channels, this paper proposes an OTFS-IM underwater acoustic communication system based on Hamming distance optimization to reduce the impact of dispersion in underwater acoustic communication. Firstly, the OTFS-IM underwater acoustic communication system is introduced, which introduces index modulation into the Delay–Doppler (DD) domain to make the OTFS system have stronger anti-Delay–Doppler capability. In contrast, since there is index sequence redundancy in a specific index combination, a Hamming distance optimization model is used to eliminate the redundant combination in the specific index combination sequence and further improve the bit error rate performance of the system. In addition, the Hamming distance optimized OTFS-IM underwater acoustic communication system is verified by simulation analysis. The results show that the proposed Hamming distance optimized OTFS-IM can achieve more reliable bit error rate performance.

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Mohammadi, Abderrahim, Saad Chakkor, Ahmed El Oualkadi, Mohamed Moussaoui, Aziz Dkiouak, and Mostafa Baghouri. "Performance Evaluation of OTFS and OFDM for 6G Waveform." ITM Web of Conferences 48 (2022): 01015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20224801015.

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Orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS) modulation is a coming technique addressing the challenges of 5G and 6G. It’s appeared to bring about outstanding error performance in delay – Doppler (DeDo) channels. Still, a really fair comparison with its competitor's direct orthogonal frequency division multiplexing and is extensively used in this participation, we will make a comparison of the performance of OTFS and OFDM with the digital modulation format in terms of bit error rate (BER) versus signal-to-noise rate (SNR) for the 16- QAM technique. From the numerical simulations under MATLAB, the results showed that the OTFS admits a small BER to the OFDM in given cases

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6

Zhang, Mi, Xiaochen Xia, Kui Xu, Xiaoqin Yang, Wei Xie, Yunkun Li, and Yang Liu. "A Structured Sparse Bayesian Channel Estimation Approach for Orthogonal Time—Frequency Space Modulation." Entropy 25, no. 5 (May 6, 2023): 761. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25050761.

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Orthogonal time–frequency space (OTFS) modulation has been advocated as a promising waveform for achieving integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) due to its superiority in high-mobility adaptability and spectral efficiency. In OTFS modulation-based ISAC systems, accurate channel acquisition is critical for both communication reception and sensing parameter estimation. However, the existence of the fractional Doppler frequency shift spreads the effective channels of the OTFS signal significantly, making efficient channel acquisition very challenging. In this paper, we first derive the sparse structure of the channel in the delay Doppler (DD) domain according to the input and output relationship of OTFS signals. On this basis, a new structured Bayesian learning approach is proposed for accurate channel estimation, which includes a novel structured prior model for the delay-Doppler channel and a successive majorization–minimization (SMM) algorithm for efficient posterior channel estimate computation. Simulation results show that the proposed approach significantly outperforms the reference schemes, especially in the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) region.

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7

Liang, Wei, Xuan Liu, Jia Shi, Lixin Li, and Junfan Hu. "Underlying Security Transmission Design for Orthogonal Time Frequency Space (OTFS) Modulation." Sensors 22, no. 20 (October 18, 2022): 7919. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22207919.

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With the aim of ensuring secure transmission in high-mobility wireless scenarios, this paper proposes a 2D permutation-aided Orthogonal Time Frequency Space (OTFS) secure transmission scheme, which uses the Gosudarstvennyi Standard (GOST) algorithm to perform disturbance control on the OTFS modulation domain. Furthermore, we develop an improved SeLective Mapping (SLM) algorithm, which can significantly improve the Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) problem with very low complexity. In addition, we carry out the security analysis, investigating the proposed scheme’s resistance performance to a range of effective attacks. Finally, our numerical results show that our proposed transmission scheme can guarantee the underlying security property of OTFS.

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8

Lampel, Franz, Hamdi Joudeh, Alex Alvarado, and Frans M. J. Willems. "Orthogonal Time Frequency Space Modulation Based on the Discrete Zak Transform." Entropy 24, no. 12 (November 22, 2022): 1704. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e24121704.

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In orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS) modulation, information-carrying symbols reside in the delay-Doppler (DD) domain. By operating in the DD domain, an appealing property for communication arises: time-frequency (TF) dispersive channels encountered in high-mobility environments become time-invariant. OTFS outperforms orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) in high-mobility scenarios, making it an ideal waveform candidate for 6G. Generally, OTFS is considered a pre- and postprocessing step for OFDM. However, the so-called Zak transform provides the fundamental relation between the DD and time domain. In this work, we propose an OTFS system based on the discrete Zak transform (DZT). To this end, we discuss the DZT and establish the input–output relation for time-frequency (TF) dispersive channels solely by the properties of the DZT. The presented formulation simplifies the derivation and analysis of the input–output relation of the TF dispersive channel in the DD domain. Based on the presented formulation, we show that operating in the DD incurs no loss in capacity.

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9

Wang, Siqiang, Jing Guo, Xinyi Wang, Weijie Yuan, and Zesong Fei. "Pilot Design and Optimization for OTFS Modulation." IEEE Wireless Communications Letters 10, no. 8 (August 2021): 1742–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2021.3078527.

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10

Mohammed, Saif Khan. "Derivation of OTFS Modulation From First Principles." IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 70, no. 8 (August 2021): 7619–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2021.3069913.

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11

Surabhi, G. D., and A. Chockalingam. "Low-Complexity Linear Equalization for OTFS Modulation." IEEE Communications Letters 24, no. 2 (February 2020): 330–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2019.2956709.

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12

Li, Shuangyang, Weijie Yuan, Zhiqiang Wei, Jinhong Yuan, Baoming Bai, Derrick Wing Kwan Ng, and Yixuan Xie. "Hybrid MAP and PIC Detection for OTFS Modulation." IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 70, no. 7 (July 2021): 7193–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2021.3083181.

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13

Surabhi, G. D., Rose Mary Augustine, and Ananthanarayanan Chockalingam. "Peak-to-Average Power Ratio of OTFS Modulation." IEEE Communications Letters 23, no. 6 (June 2019): 999–1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2019.2914042.

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14

Shang, Huichao, Ruifeng Chen, Haoxiang Zhang, Guoyu Ma, Ruisi He, Bo Ai, and Zhangdui Zhong. "OTFS modulation and PAPR reduction for IoT-railways." China Communications 20, no. 1 (January 2023): 102–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/jcc.2023.01.009.

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15

Zhang, Yuzhi, Shumin Zhang, Bin Wang, Yang Liu, Weigang Bai, and Xiaohong Shen. "Deep Learning-Based Signal Detection for Underwater Acoustic OTFS Communication." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 12 (December 6, 2022): 1920. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10121920.

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Orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS) is a novel two-dimensional (2D) modulation technique that provides reliable communications over time- and frequency-selective channels. In underwater acoustic (UWA) channel, the multi-path delay and Doppler shift are several magnitudes larger than wireless radio communication, which will cause severe time- and frequency-selective fading. The receiver has to recover the distorted OTFS signal with inter-symbol interference (ISI) and inter-carrier interference (ICI). The conventional UWA OTFS receivers perform channel estimation explicitly and equalization to detect transmitted symbols, which requires prior knowledge of the system. This paper proposes a deep learning-based signal detection method for UWA OTFS communication, in which the deep neural network can recover the received symbols after sufficient training. In particular, it cascades a convolutional neural network (CNN) with skip connections (SC) and a bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) network to perform signal recovery. The proposed method extracts feature information from received OTFS signal sequences and trains the neural network for signal detection. The numerical results demonstrate that the SC-CNN-BiLSTM-based OTFS detection method performs with a lower bit error rate (BER) than the 2D-CNN, FC-DNN, and conventional signal detection methods.

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16

S Bhat, Vighnesh, Surabhi Garudanagiri Dayanand, and Ananthanarayanan Chockalingam. "Performance Analysis of OTFS Modulation With Receive Antenna Selection." IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 70, no. 4 (April 2021): 3382–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2021.3063546.

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17

Maršálek, Roman, Radim Zedka, Erich Zöchmann, Josef Vychodil, Radek Závorka, Golsa Ghiaasi, and Jiří Blumenstein. "Persistent Homology Approach for Human Presence Detection from 60 GHz OTFS Transmissions." Sensors 23, no. 4 (February 16, 2023): 2224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23042224.

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Orthogonal Time Frequency Space (OTFS) is a new, promising modulation waveform candidate for the next-generation integrated sensing and communication (ISaC) systems, providing environment-awareness capabilities together with high-speed wireless data communications. This paper presents the original results of OTFS-based person monitoring measurements in the 60 GHz millimeter-wave frequency band under realistic conditions, without the assumption of an integer ratio between the actual delays and Doppler shifts of the reflected components and the corresponding resolution of the OTFS grid. As the main contribution of the paper, we propose the use of the persistent homology technique as a method for processing gathered delay-Doppler responses. We highlight the advantages of the persistent homology approach over the standard constant false alarm rate target detector for selected scenarios.

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18

ZHANG, Yang, Qunfei ZHANG, Yingjie WANG, Chengbing HE, and Wentao SHI. "A low-complexity orthogonal time frequency space modulation method for underwater acoustic communication." Xibei Gongye Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University 39, no. 5 (October 2021): 954–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jnwpu/20213950954.

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Compared with the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation, the orthogonal time frequency space(OTFS) modulation has a lower peak-to-average power ratio. It can effectively resist the time selective fading caused by the Doppler effect and has significant performance advantages over doubly dispersive channels. However, the conventional OTFS linear minimum mean square error (LMMSE) method has a high complexity and is not easy to process in real time. In order to solve this problem, we propose a low-complexity equalization algorithm with infinite norm constraints based on the optimal coordinate reduction. The equalization algorithm not only obtains the optimal solution through a certain number of iterations and avoids direct matrix inversion but also equalizes infinite norm constraints to improve the symbol detection performance gains. At the same time, the OTFS delay-Doppler channel matrix we utilize is sparse and the two-norm squares of each column vector equally reduces the complexity of optimal coordinate descent. Finally, the simulation in the underwater acoustic communication scenario we designed verify the effectiveness of the proposed equalization algorithm. The simulation results show that the performance of the proposed equalization algorithm is close to that of the LMMSE method, while its low complexity is ensured.

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19

An, Changyoung, and Heung-Gyoon Ryu. "Design and Performance Evaluation of OTFS Modulation System using 2D iDFT and DFT." Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers 54, no. 9 (September 30, 2017): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5573/ieie.2017.54.9.14.

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20

Zhao, Hang, Dongxuan He, Ziqi Kang, and Hua Wang. "Orthogonal Time Frequency Space (OTFS) With Dual-Mode Index Modulation." IEEE Wireless Communications Letters 10, no. 5 (May 2021): 991–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2021.3053981.

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21

Zhang, Yang, Qunfei Zhang, Chengbing He, Yi Zhou, and Lianyou Jing. "Delay-Doppler domain decision feedback turbo equalization for OTFS modulation." Physical Communication 52 (June 2022): 101699. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phycom.2022.101699.

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22

Ramachandran, M. K., G. D. Surabhi, and A. Chockalingam. "OTFS: A New Modulation Scheme for High-Mobility Use Cases." Journal of the Indian Institute of Science 100, no. 2 (April 2020): 315–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41745-020-00167-4.

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23

Zhang, Yuzhi, Shumin Zhang, Yang Wang, Qingyuan Liu, and Xiangxiang Li. "Model-Driven Deep-Learning-Based Underwater Acoustic OTFS Channel Estimation." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 11, no. 8 (August 1, 2023): 1537. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse11081537.

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Accurate channel estimation is the fundamental requirement for recovering underwater acoustic orthogonal time–frequency space (OTFS) modulation signals. As the Doppler effect in the underwater acoustic channel is much more severe than that in the radio channel, the channel information usually cannot strictly meet the compressed sensing sparsity assumption in the orthogonal matching pursuit channel estimation algorithm. This deviation ultimately leads to a degradation in system performance. This paper proposes a novel approach for OTFS channel estimation in underwater acoustic communications, utilizing a model-driven deep learning technique. Our method incorporates a residual neural network into the OTFS channel estimation process. Specifically, the orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm and denoising convolutional neural network (DnCNN) collaborate to perform channel estimation. The cascaded DnCNN denoises the preliminary channel estimation results generated by the orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm for more accurate OTFS channel estimation results. The use of a lightweight DnCNN network with a single residual block reduces computational complexity while still preserving the accuracy of the neural network. Through extensive evaluations conducted on simulated and experimental underwater acoustic channels, the outcomes demonstrate that our proposed method outperforms traditional threshold-based and orthogonal matching pursuit channel estimation techniques, achieves superior accuracy in channel estimation, and significantly reduces the system’s bit error rate.

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24

Surabhi, G. D., Rose Mary Augustine, and A. Chockalingam. "On the Diversity of Uncoded OTFS Modulation in Doubly-Dispersive Channels." IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 18, no. 6 (June 2019): 3049–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/twc.2019.2909205.

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25

Zhang, Haojian, and Tingting Zhang. "A Low-Complexity Message Passing Detector for OTFS Modulation With Probability Clipping." IEEE Wireless Communications Letters 10, no. 6 (June 2021): 1271–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2021.3063904.

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26

Yuan, Weijie, Zhiqiang Wei, Jinhong Yuan, and Derrick Wing Kwan Ng. "A Simple Variational Bayes Detector for Orthogonal Time Frequency Space (OTFS) Modulation." IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 69, no. 7 (July 2020): 7976–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2020.2991443.

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27

Deka, Kuntal, Anna Thomas, and Sanjeev Sharma. "OTFS-SCMA: A Code-Domain NOMA Approach for Orthogonal Time Frequency Space Modulation." IEEE Transactions on Communications 69, no. 8 (August 2021): 5043–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2021.3075237.

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28

Li, Chengjie, Lidong Zhu, Cheng Guo, Tao Liu, and Zhen Zhang. "Intelligent blind source separation technology based on OTFS modulation for LEO satellite communication." China Communications 19, no. 7 (July 2022): 89–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/jcc.2022.07.008.

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29

Tang, Zuping, Hengyou Kong, Ziyu Wu, and Jiaolong Wei. "Superimposed Perfect Binary Array-Aided Channel Estimation for OTFS Systems." Entropy 25, no. 8 (August 3, 2023): 1163. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25081163.

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Orthogonal time-frequency space (OTFS) modulation outperforms orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing in high-mobility scenarios through better channel estimation. Current superimposed pilot (SP)-based channel estimation improves the spectral efficiency (SE) when compared to that of the traditional embedded pilot (EP) method. However, it requires an additional non-superimposed EP delay-Doppler frame to estimate the delay-Doppler taps for the following SP-aided frames. To handle this problem, we propose a channel estimation method with high SE, which superimposes the perfect binary array (PBA) on data symbols as the pilot. Utilizing the perfect autocorrelation of PBA, channel estimation is performed based on a linear search to find the correlation peaks, which include both delay-Doppler tap information and complex channel gain in the same superimposed PBA frame. Furthermore, the optimal power ratio of the PBA is then derived by maximizing the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) to optimize the SE of the proposed system. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve a similar channel estimation performance to the existing EP method while significantly improving the SE.

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30

An, Changyoung, and Heung-Gyoon Ryu. "Design and Performance Evaluation of MIMO(Multiple Input Multiple Output) System Using OTFS(Orthogonal Time Frequency Space) Modulation." Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science 28, no. 6 (June 2017): 444–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2017.28.6.444.

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31

Gao, Shuang, and Jianping Zheng. "Peak-to-Average Power Ratio Reduction in Pilot-Embedded OTFS Modulation Through Iterative Clipping and Filtering." IEEE Communications Letters 24, no. 9 (September 2020): 2055–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2020.2993036.

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32

Utsuro, Hidetoshi, Toshiyuki Ando, Yoshizo Takai, Ryuichi Shimizu, and Takashi Ikuta. "Theoretical background of defocus image modulation processing (DIMP) based on three dimensional optical transfer functions (3D-OTFs)." Optik 112, no. 2 (2001): 67–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1078/0030-4026-00012.

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33

Li, Tianshi, Ruisi He, Bo Ai, Mi Yang, Zhangdui Zhong, and Haoxiang Zhang. "OTFS modulation performance in a satellite-to-ground channel at sub-6-GHz and millimeter-wave bands with high mobility." Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 22, no. 4 (April 2021): 517–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1631/fitee.2000468.

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34

Kim, Hoon, Hee-Jun Kim, and Won-Sup Chung. "Pulsewidth Modulation Circuits Using CMOS OTAs." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers 54, no. 9 (September 2007): 1869–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2007.904677.

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35

Otsu, Takahiro. "From justification to modulation." Pragmatics and Cognition 25, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 337–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/pc.17028.ots.

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Abstract The English discourse marker after all and the Japanese discourse marker datte have been commonly claimed to give a reason or justification to the preceding utterance, and therefore, these two expressions are regarded as the equivalent translation counterparts to each other. This paper first attempts to propose that such an equated account is motivated by these two discourse markers constructing a similar inferential schema involved in the interpretation of the utterance including them. In fact, datte and after all make manifest similar polyfunctions according to the syntactic position although they encode different lexical information. This is because these two discourse markers are indicators that contribute to the inferential phase of communication by various degrees of modulation of a cognitive gap between two different assumptions. Another aim of this paper is to differentiate a procedural constraint these two indicators encode on the interpretation of the utterance.

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36

Papadopoulos, Christos, Panagiotis A. Karas, Sotirios Vasileiadis, Panagiota Ligda, Anastasios Saratsis, Smaragda Sotiraki, and Dimitrios G. Karpouzas. "Host Species Determines the Composition of the Prokaryotic Microbiota in Phlebotomus Sandflies." Pathogens 9, no. 6 (May 29, 2020): 428. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9060428.

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Phlebotomine sandflies are vectors of the humans’ and mammals’ parasite Leishmania spp. Although the role of gut microbiome in the biological cycle of insects is acknowledged, we still know little about the factors modulating the composition of the gut microbiota of sandflies. We tested whether host species impose a strong structural effect on the gut microbiota of Phlebotomus spp. Sandflies were collected from the island of Leros, Greece, and classified to P. papatasi, P. neglectus, P. tobbi, and P. similis, all being negative to Leishmania spp. The prokaryotic gut microbiota was determined via 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Phlebotomus species supported distinct microbial communities (p < 0.001). P. papatasi microbiota was the most distinct over-dominated by three Spiroplasma, Wolbachia and Paenibacillus operational taxonomic units (OTUs), while another Wolbachia OTU prevailed in P. neglectus. Conversely, the microbiota of P. tobbi and P. similis was composed of several less dominant OTUs. Archaea showed low presence with the dominant OTUs belonging to methanogenic Euryarcheota, ammonia-oxidizing Thaumarcheota, and Nanoarchaeota. We provide first insights into the composition of the bacterial and archaeal community of Phlebotomus sandflies and showed that, in the absence of Leishmania, host genotype is the major modulator of Phlebotomus sandfly gut microbiota.

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Al-Taweel, Farouq M. "Cascaded Second Order Stages Adaptive Delta Sigma Modulation using OTAS." Journal of Applied Sciences 13, no. 6 (March 1, 2013): 948–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jas.2013.948.951.

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38

Po-Yuan Lo, Pei-Wen Li, Zing-Way Pei, J. Hou, and Yi-Jen Chan. "Enhanced P3HT OTFT Transport Performance Using Double Gate Modulation Scheme." IEEE Electron Device Letters 30, no. 6 (June 2009): 629–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/led.2009.2018707.

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39

Zhang, Ningjing, Junxian Tao, Lijun Gao, Yan Bi, Ping Li, Hongdong Wang, Dalong Zhu, and Wenhuan Feng. "Liraglutide Attenuates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Modulating Gut Microbiota in Rats Administered a High-Fat Diet." BioMed Research International 2020 (February 18, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2947549.

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This study aimed to determine whether modulation of the gut microbiota structure by liraglutide helps improve nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in rats on a high-fat diet (HFD). Rats were administered an HFD for 12 weeks to induce NAFLD and then administered liraglutide for 4 additional weeks. Next-generation sequencing and multivariate analysis were performed to assess structural changes in the gut microbiota. Liraglutide attenuated excessive hepatic ectopic fat deposition, maintained intestinal barrier integrity, and alleviated metabolic endotoxemia in HFD rats. Liraglutide significantly altered the overall structure of the HFD-disrupted gut microbiota and gut microbial composition in HFD rats in comparison to those on a normal diet. An abundance of 100 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were altered upon liraglutide administration, with 78 OTUs associated with weight gain or inflammation. Twenty-three OTUs positively correlated with hepatic steatosis-related parameters were decreased upon liraglutide intervention, while 5 OTUs negatively correlated with hepatic steatosis-related parameters were increased. These results suggest that liraglutide-mediated attenuation of NAFLD partly results from structural changes in gut microbiota associated with hepatic steatosis.

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40

Toledo, Pedro, Paolo Crovetti, Hamilton Klimach, and Sergio Bampi. "Dynamic and Static Calibration of Ultra-Low-Voltage, Digital-Based Operational Transconductance Amplifiers." Electronics 9, no. 6 (June 12, 2020): 983. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9060983.

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The calibration of the effects of process variations and device mismatch in Ultra Low Voltage (ULV) Digital-Based Operational Transconductance Amplifiers (DB-OTAs) is addressed in this paper. For this purpose, two dynamic calibration techniques, intended to dynamically vary the effective strength of critical gates by different modulation strategies, i.e., Digital Pulse Width Modulation (DPWM) and Dyadic Digital Pulse Modulation (DDPM), are explored and compared to classic static calibration. The effectiveness of the calibration approaches as a mean to recover acceptable performance in non-functional samples is verified by Monte-Carlo (MC) post-layout simulations performed on a 300 mV power supply, nW-power DB-OTA in 180 nm CMOS. Based on the same MC post-layout simulations, the impact of each calibration strategy on silicon area, power consumption, and OTA performance is discussed.

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41

Chen, Xuan, Shaoming Fang, Lili Wei, and Qiwang Zhong. "Systematic evaluation of the gut microbiome of swamp eel (Monopterus albus) by 16S rRNA gene sequencing." PeerJ 7 (December 20, 2019): e8176. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8176.

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Background The swamp eel (Monopterus albus) is a commercially important farmed species in China. The dysbiosis and homeostasis of gut microbiota has been suggested to be associated with the swamp eel’s disease pathogenesis and food digestion. Although the contributions of gut microbiome in fish growth and health has been increasingly recognized, little is known about the microbial community in the intestine of the swamp eel (Monopterus albus). Methods The intestinal microbiomes of the five distinct gut sections (midgut content and mucosa, hindgut content and mucosa, and stools) of swamp eel were compared using Illumina MiSeq sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequence and statistical analysis. Results The results showed that the number of observed OTUs in the intestine decreased proximally to distally. Principal coordinate analysis revealed significant separations among samples from different gut sections. There were 54 core OTUs shared by all gut sections and 36 of these core OTUs varied significantly in their abundances. Additionally, we discovered 66 section-specific enriched KEGG pathways. These section-specific enriched microbial taxa (e.g., Bacillus, Lactobacillus) and potential function capacities (e.g., amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism) might play vital roles in nutrient metabolism, immune modulation and host-microbe interactions of the swamp eel. Conclusions Our results showed that microbial diversity, composition and function capacity varied substantially across different gut sections. The gut section-specific enriched core microbial taxa and function capacities may perform important roles in swamp eel’s nutrient metabolism, immune modulation, and host-microbe interactions. This study should provide insights into the gut microbiome of the swamp eel.

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Kato, K., A. Kanamori, and H. Kondoh. "Rapid and transient decrease of N-myc expression in retinoic acid-induced differentiation of OTF9 teratocarcinoma stem cells." Molecular and Cellular Biology 10, no. 2 (February 1990): 486–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.10.2.486-491.1990.

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The level of expression of N-myc in mouse teratocarcinoma stem cells is very high. Previous studies have shown that N-myc expression significantly decreases when the stem cells are subjected to long-term induction for differentiation by retinoic acid (RA). We found that in a stem cell line, OTF9, a steep yet transient decrease of N-myc expression takes place much earlier, immediately after induction by RA. To examine whether this decrease is responsible for differentiation, we constructed a gene, miwNmyc, to express N-myc cDNA constitutively and transformed OTF9 cells with this gene construct. Transformants under the constitutive expression of miwNmyc differentiated normally, as judged by morphological changes and by modulation of c-myc, Hox1.1, and laminin B1 expression. Therefore, transient decrease of N-myc expression may be the consequence of RA-induced differentiation, even though it occurs very early in the process. Alternatively, in addition to N-myc decrease, there may be redundant mechanisms which lead to OTF9 differentiation after induction by RA, so that suppression of N-myc decrease is bypassed by at least one other mechanism.

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Kato, K., A. Kanamori, and H. Kondoh. "Rapid and transient decrease of N-myc expression in retinoic acid-induced differentiation of OTF9 teratocarcinoma stem cells." Molecular and Cellular Biology 10, no. 2 (February 1990): 486–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.10.2.486.

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The level of expression of N-myc in mouse teratocarcinoma stem cells is very high. Previous studies have shown that N-myc expression significantly decreases when the stem cells are subjected to long-term induction for differentiation by retinoic acid (RA). We found that in a stem cell line, OTF9, a steep yet transient decrease of N-myc expression takes place much earlier, immediately after induction by RA. To examine whether this decrease is responsible for differentiation, we constructed a gene, miwNmyc, to express N-myc cDNA constitutively and transformed OTF9 cells with this gene construct. Transformants under the constitutive expression of miwNmyc differentiated normally, as judged by morphological changes and by modulation of c-myc, Hox1.1, and laminin B1 expression. Therefore, transient decrease of N-myc expression may be the consequence of RA-induced differentiation, even though it occurs very early in the process. Alternatively, in addition to N-myc decrease, there may be redundant mechanisms which lead to OTF9 differentiation after induction by RA, so that suppression of N-myc decrease is bypassed by at least one other mechanism.

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Lee, Kwang Woo, Hyun Kook Park, and Seong-Ook Jung. "Adaptive Sensing Voltage Modulation Technique in Cross-Point OTS-PRAM." IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems 29, no. 4 (April 2021): 631–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2021.3058150.

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Alizadeh Zanjani, Shima, Abumoslem Jannesari, and Pooya Torkzadeh. "9.9 µW, 140 dB DR, and 93.27 dB SNDR, Double Sampling ΔΣ Modulator Using High Swing Inverter-Based Amplifier for Digital Hearing Aids." Electronics 12, no. 7 (April 6, 2023): 1747. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12071747.

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In this paper, an ultra-low-power second-order, single-bit discrete-time (DT) double sampling ΔΣ modulator was proposed for hearing aid applications. In portable biomedical devices that are permanently used such as hearing aids, short battery lifetime and power dissipation are considerable issues. In a typical delta–sigma modulator, the most power-consuming parts are the operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs), and their elimination without loss of efficiency is now challenging. This proposed modulator includes an ultra-low-power self-biased inverter-based amplifier with swing enhancement instead of power-hungry OTAs. Low voltage amplifier design reduces output swing voltage, affecting delta–sigma modulator efficiency and decreasing the signal-to-noise and distortion ratio (SNDR) and dynamic range (DR) values. In this article, the proposed amplifier’s source and tail transistors were biased in the sub-threshold region, increasing the output swing voltage significantly and leading to desired properties for a hearing aid modulator. The proposed amplifier peak-to-peak swing voltage was approximately 1.01 V at a 1 V power supply. In addition, the proposed modulator design used a standard 180 nm CMOS technology, which obtained 140 dB DR and 93.27 dB SNDR for a 10 kHz signal bandwidth with an oversampling ratio (OSR) of 128. Finally, the modulator’s effective chip area was 0.02 mm2 and consumed only about 9.9 µW, while the figure of merit (FOMW) and FOMs achieved 1.31 fJ/step and 183.31, respectively.

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El Amrani, Aumeur, Abdeljabbar Es-saghiri, El-Mahjoub Boufounas, and Bruno Lucas. "Experimental investigation on On–Off current ratio behavior near onset voltage for a pentacene based organic thin film transistor." European Physical Journal Applied Physics 81, no. 3 (March 2018): 30201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjap/2018180029.

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The performance of a pentacene based organic thin film transistor (OTFT) with polymethylmethacrylate as a dielectric insulator and indium tin oxide based electrical gate is investigated. On the one hand, we showed that the threshold voltage increases with gate voltage, and on the other hand that it decreases with drain voltage. Thus, we noticed that the onset voltage shifts toward positive voltage values with the drain voltage increase. In addition, threshold-onset differential voltage (TODV) is proposed as an original approach to estimate an averaged carrier density in pentacene. Indeed, a value of about 4.5 × 1016 cm−3 is reached at relatively high gate voltage of −50 V; this value is in good agreement with that reported in literature with other technique measurements. However, at a low applied gate voltage, the averaged pentacene carrier density remains two orders of magnitude lower; it is of about 2.8 × 1014 cm−3 and remains similar to that obtained from space charge limited current approach for low applied bias voltage of about 2.2 × 1014 cm−3. Furthermore, high IOn/IOff and IOn/IOnset current ratios of 5 × 106 and 7.5 × 107 are reported for lower drain voltage, respectively. The investigated OTFTs also showed good electrical performance including carrier mobility increasing with gate voltage; mobility values of 4.5 × 10−2 cm2 V−1 s−1 and of 4.25 × 10−2 cm2 V−1 s−1 are reached for linear and saturation regimes, respectively. These results remain enough interesting since current modulation ratio exceeds a value of 107 that is a quite important requirement than high mobility for some particular logic gate applications.

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Vallier, Marie, Béatrice Segurens, Elise Larsonneur, Vincent Meyer, Stephanie Ferreira, Christophe Caloustian, Jean-François Deleuze, Maxime Dougados, Mathias Chamaillard, and Corinne Miceli-Richard. "Characterisation of gut microbiota composition in patients with axial spondyloarthritis and its modulation by TNF inhibitor treatment." RMD Open 9, no. 1 (March 2023): e002794. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/rmdopen-2022-002794.

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ObjectiveTo assess whether gut microbiota composition is associated with patient characteristics and may have predictive value on the response to TNF inhibitor (TNFi) treatment in axial spondyloarthritis (AxSpA).MethodsThe study involved 61 patients fulfilling the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society classification criteria for AxSpA. All patients had active disease despite non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs intake and were eligible for treatment with a TNFi. At baseline, the mean Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score was 2.9±1 and mean C reactive protein (CRP) level 9.7±11.4 mg/L. Bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing was performed on stool samples collected at baseline (month 0 (M0)) and 3 months after TNFi initiation (month 3 (M3)). Alpha and beta diversity metrics were calculated on the relative abundance of core operational taxonomic units (OTUs).ResultsThe HLA-B27 status affected at least in part the global composition of faecal microbiota at M0 as well as the abundance/prevalence of several anaerobic bacteria in the familiesOscillospiraceae,LachnospiraceaeandBifidobacteriaceae. In contrast, smoking affected the global composition of faecal microbiota at both M0 and M3. The prevalence/abundance of seven bacterial OTUs at M0 was associated with response to TNFi treatment. One of the candidates, present only in non-responders, is the genusSutterella, and the other six candidates are in the classClostridia.ConclusionsSeveral SpA patients’ characteristics modulate the composition of gut microbiota as did TNFi treatment. Moreover, the abundance/prevalence of seven OTUs at baseline may be used as a novel non-invasive index that predicts the response to TNFi with greater accuracy than HLA-B27 status, CRP level and measures of disease activity.

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Petty, Tanner, Amanda Carpenter, Anna Bland, and Andrea Brown. "Sensory Modulation Terminology: A Scoping Review of OT’s Terminology for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder." American Journal of Occupational Therapy 76, Supplement_1 (July 1, 2022): 7610500019p1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5014/ajot.2022.76s1-po19.

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Abstract Date Presented 04/02/2022 The present scoping review aims to determine how the OT literature conceptualizes and defines sensory modulation behaviors in the evaluation and treatment of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The review identified overall inconsistencies in the systematic use of sensory models to direct assessment and terminology in OT practice. The results indicate the need for cohesion in sensory terminology use and application to OT treatment. Primary Author and Speaker: Tanner Petty Additional Authors and Speakers: Anna Bland, Andrea Brown Contributing Authors: Amanda Carpenter

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Hou, Xiao-Dong, Ning Yan, Yong-Mei Du, Hui Liang, Zhong-Feng Zhang, and Xiao-Long Yuan. "Consumption of Wild Rice (Zizania latifolia) Prevents Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease through the Modulation of the Gut Microbiota in Mice Model." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 15 (July 29, 2020): 5375. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21155375.

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Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) due to excess weight and obesity threatens public health worldwide. Gut microbiota dysbiosis contributes to obesity and related diseases. The cholesterol-lowering, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects of wild rice have been reported in several studies; however, whether it has beneficial effects on the gut microbiota is unknown. Here, we show that wild rice reduces body weight, liver steatosis, and low-grade inflammation, and improves insulin resistance in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. High-throughput 16S rRNA pyrosequencing demonstrated that wild rice treatment significantly changed the gut microbiota composition in mice fed an HFD. The richness and diversity of the gut microbiota were notably decreased upon wild rice consumption. Compared with a normal chow diet (NCD), HFD feeding altered 117 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), and wild rice supplementation reversed 90 OTUs to the configuration in the NCD group. Overall, our results suggest that wild rice may be used as a probiotic agent to reverse HFD-induced MAFLD through the modulation of the gut microbiota.

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Chowdhry, Rebecca, Neetu Singh, Dinesh Kumar Sahu, Ratnesh Kumar Tripathi, Archana Mishra, Anjana Singh, Hari Shyam, et al. "16S rRNA Long-Read Sequencing of the Granulation Tissue from Nonsmokers and Smokers-Severe Chronic Periodontitis Patients." BioMed Research International 2018 (June 14, 2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4832912.

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Smoking has been associated with increased risk of periodontitis. The aim of the present study was to compare the periodontal disease severity among smokers and nonsmokers which may help in better understanding of predisposition to this chronic inflammation mediated diseases. We selected deep-seated infected granulation tissue removed during periodontal flap surgery procedures for identification and differential abundance of residential bacterial species among smokers and nonsmokers through long-read sequencing technology targeting full-length 16S rRNA gene. A total of 8 phyla were identified among which Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were most dominating. Differential abundance analysis of OTUs through PICRUST showed significant (p>0.05) abundance of Phyla-Fusobacteria (Streptobacillus moniliformis); Phyla-Firmicutes (Streptococcus equi), and Phyla Proteobacteria (Enhydrobacter aerosaccus) in nonsmokers compared to smokers. The differential abundance of oral metagenomes in smokers showed significant enrichment of host genes modulating pathways involving primary immunodeficiency, citrate cycle, streptomycin biosynthesis, vitamin B6 metabolism, butanoate metabolism, glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism pathways. While thiamine metabolism, amino acid metabolism, homologous recombination, epithelial cell signaling, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, phosphonate/phosphinate metabolism, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degradation, synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies, translation factors, Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, and DNA replication pathways were significantly enriched in nonsmokers, modulation of these pathways in oral cavities due to differential enrichment of metagenomes in smokers may lead to an increased susceptibility to infections and/or higher formation of DNA adducts, which may increase the risk of carcinogenesis.

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