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Author: Grafiati
Published: 26 July 2024
Last updated: 27 July 2024

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1

Humar, Miha, Boštjan Lesar, Davor Kržišnik, and Angela Balzano. "Analiza razkrojenosti smrekovega lesa zaščitenega z biocidnim proizvodom CCB po 14 letih izpostavitve na prostem." Les/Wood 70, no. 1 (May 11, 2021): 19–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.26614/les-wood.2021.v70n01a01.

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Les na prostem je izpostavljen delovanju abiotskih in biotskih dejavnikov. Če hočemo njihovo delovanje upočasniti, moramo les zaščititi. V preteklosti je bil biocidni proizvod na osnovi bakrovih, kromovih in borovih spojin (CCB) ena najpomembnejših rešitev za zaščito lesa v ostrih pogojih izpostavitve. Kljub temu, da se CCB v EU praktično ne uporablja več, lahko služi kot referenca za vrednotenje novih biocidnih proizvodov. Na terenskem polju Oddelka za lesarstvo Biotehniške fakultete že 14 let poteka poskus v realnih pogojih, kjer so impregnirani vzorci izpostavljeni vremenskim vplivom v skladu z dvoslojnim testom. Pri zaščitenem lesu pogosto opažamo, da les propade hitreje kot je pričakovano. V okviru tega prispevka želimo na podlagi analize razkrojenega s CCB impregniranega lesa s terenskega polja Oddelka za lesarstvo ugotoviti, zakaj je prišlo do prezgodnjega razkroja. Rezultati kažejo, da ustrezno življenjsko dobo zagotavljata ustrezna retencija in penetracija aktivnih učinkovin v les.
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2

Basulto, Sergio, Julio Orrego, and Iván Solis. "EXPERIENCIA SOBRE CRECIMIENTO DE OSTRAS EN PULLINQUE." Biologia Pesquera, no. 2 (November 16, 2023): 96–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.21703/0067-8767.1967.2.2362.

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En Mayo de 1966 se inició una experiencia tendiente a observar el crecímiento de ostras suspendidas, en el Banco Pullinque (Golfete de Quetalmahue, Ancud). Su finalidad fue obtener información acerca del crecimiento de las ostras(Ostrea chilensis Philippi) en esta situación experimental y establecer un paralelo con las ostras depositadas en el fondo. Este ensayo permite fijar la posibilidad y conveniencia económica de iniciar cultivos comerciales de ostras suspendidas desde balsas, líneas flotantes u otros sistemas que permitiesen el crecimiento de las ostras a media agua.
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3

Sagan, Oleksandr N. "The upbringing of the younger generation on the principles of Christian morality in the process of the revival of Ukraine." Ukrainian Religious Studies, no. 3 (November 5, 1996): 40–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.32420/1996.3.59.

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Under this name, on May 17-19, 1996, the II International Scientific and Practical Conference took place in the Ostroh Academy (Ostray) and in Netishin. Its purpose was to analyze and generalize domestic and foreign experience on the issues of upbringing the younger generation on the principles of Christian morality, to consolidate the efforts of the church, family and school in educating the younger generation in the spirit of Christian morality.
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4

Solis, Ivan. "OBSERVACIONES BIOLOGICAS EN OSTRAS (Ostrea chilensis Philippi) de PULLINQUE." Biologia Pesquera, no. 2 (November 16, 2023): 53–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.21703/0067-8767.1967.2.2361.

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El Departamento de Pesca y Caza del Ministerio de Agricultura por intermedio de la Sección Estudios Biológicos, está empeñado en realizar investigaciones tendientes a un mejor conocimiento de la fauna chilena de importancia económica, conel objeto de controlar su explotación y evitar la extinción de las especies autóctonas. Este trabajo pretende reunir la información existente sobre biología de la ostra chilena (Ostrea chilensis Philippi) y adquirir los conocimientos básicos para intensificar y mejorar su cultivo, conservación y explotación.
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5

Bernal-Casasola, Darío, Javier Andreu Pintado, and Juan Jesús Cantillo Duarte. "Banquetes con ostras y emulación de hábitos itálicos en Hispania: el depósito arqueomalacológico de Los Bañales de Uncastillo (Zaragoza) en territorio vascón." SPAL. Revista de Prehistoria y Arqueología de la Universidad de Sevilla 2, no. 32 (2023): 229–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/spal.2023.i32.18.

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Las ostras constituyen un aspecto muy poco estudiado de la economía hispanorromana. Se presenta el estudio arqueomalacológico de un depósito inédito de ostras planas (Ostrea edulis) localizado en Los Bañales (Uncastillo, Zaragoza), fechado en los últimos momentos de vida de la ciudad romana (época tardoantoniniana-primo severiana). El depósito se ha interpretado como los restos de un banquete privado asociado a una domus por su abundancia (71 NMI) y por su relación con restos de vajilla cerámica, formando parte de un vertedero sobre el acerado (crepido) de uno de los cardines, ya sin mantenimiento en estas fechas. Se reflexiona sobre la importancia de estos hallazgos como símbolo de distinción social y de aemulatio itálica, se discute sobre su procedencia mediterránea o cantábrica, y se realiza una comparativa biométrica con otros hallazgos similares hispanorromanos, especialmente del área del Fretum Gaditanum, de donde procede el único paralelo de convivium similar conocido hasta la fecha (Baelo Claudia). Este trabajo reivindica, asimismo, la necesidad e importancia de los estudios arqueomalacológicos en Hispania para el desarrollo de múltiples aspectos socio-económicos de las sociedades antiguas, actualmente infravalorados
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6

Disalvo, Louis H., and Edwin Martínez. "Cultivo de Ostrea chilensis PHILIPPI 1845 en una bahía de la costa Norte-Centro de Chile." Biologia Pesquera, no. 14 (January 2, 2024): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21703/0067-8767.1985.14.2488.

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Semillas de Ostrea chilensis producidas en incubadora fueron cultivadas en la Bahía Herradura (30°S), Chile, empleando tecnología japonesa de crecimiento en el ambiente. Las ostras crecieron a una tasa aproximada de 0,17 mm por día y un grupo alcanzó la talla comercial de aproximadamente 50 mm dentro de un año después de la fijación. En los 6 meses subsecuentes, ocurre un engrosamiento de las conchas con pequeños aumentos en largo de la concha. La supervivencia de los cultivos excedió el 60% en un período de 18 meses. El cultivo fue afectado negativamente por desechos de industrias pesqueras, y perforación de conchas por Polydora sp. (Polychaeta: Spionidae).
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7

Zhang, Rui, Hai Bao Liu, Si Hua Zhang, Gui Yin Zeng, and Jian Qiao Li. "Finite Element Analysis in the Characteristics of Ostrich Foot Toenail Traveling on Sand." Applied Mechanics and Materials 461 (November 2013): 213–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.461.213.

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The ostrich foot toenail plays a crucial role in the process of ostrich foot traveling on sand. 3D laser scanner was used to measure the three-dimensional point clouds of ostrich foot toenail surface morphology, and the three-dimensional model of ostrich foot toenail was reconstructed by using reverse engineering technology. The finite element analysis in the interactions between ostrich foot toenail and sand was implemented by Abaqus and Hypermesh. The quasi-static analytical results of ostrich foot toenail inserting the sands showed that the groove structure of the toenail had a better sand fixation effects, the tiptoe structure was conducive to insert into the sands, and the inverted triangular structure of the toenail had the weak disturbance on the sands which produced the less resistance of the toenail inserting the sands. According to the velocity and the stress fields in the process of the ostrich foot toenail dynamically traveling on sand, ostrich foot toenail tiptoe could help to improve the thrust of traveling on sand, the groove area of the toenail played the effects of sand fixation and flow limitation in the process of ostrich foot toenail traveling on sand. Keywords: ostrich foot toenail, reverse engineering, model reconstruction, finite element simulation, sand fixation and flow limitation.
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8

Zabaleta, Itsaso, Dennis Bilbao, Ekhine Bizkarguenaga, Ailette Prieto, and Olatz Zuloaga. "Fluordun konposatuak gure kostaldeko bizidunetan." EKAIA Euskal Herriko Unibertsitateko Zientzia eta Teknologia Aldizkaria, no. 32 (November 7, 2017): 51–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1387/ekaia.17830.

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Egun, konposatu per- eta polifluoratuek (PFAS-ek) gure eguneroko bizitzan dituzten erabilera anitzak direla eta, ingurunean gero eta nabariagoa da euren presentzia. Ur-ekosistemen egoera aztertzea helburu, organismo itsastarrak kutsaduraren adierazle ezin hobeak dira. Ildo horretan, lan honetan Frantziako, Euskal Herriko, Espainiako eta Portugaleko kostaldeetako lazunen (Chelon labrosus-en) gibelak eta ostrak (Ostrea edulis) aztertu dira. Gibelen kasuan, azido perfluorooktanosulfonikoa (PFOS), azido perfluorodekanoikoa (PFDA) eta perfluorooktanosulfonamida (PFOSA) izan dira laginak biltzeko puntu guztietan detektatutako PFAS-ak. Aipatzekoa da Urdaibaiko Erreserba Naturalean kokatuta dagoen Gernikako itsasadarrean aurkitutako PFOS-aren kontzentrazioak (443-1214 ng/g), araztegiaren edota industriaren eragina nabarmenduz. Ostren kasuan, PFOS eta PFOSA izan dira detektatutako kutsatzaileak, betiere gibelean lortutako kontzentrazioak baino baxuagoak.
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9

Bondar, Natalia. "The editions and copies of the Ostroh Bible of 1581 (on the 440th anniversary of the book’s publication)." Острозька давнина 1, no. 7 (November 30, 2020): 127–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2707-1650-2020-7-127-152.

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The article explores editions and copies of the Ostroh Bible of 1581, which belongs to the treasures of the world printing heritage and the main sacred books of the Orthodox and Christian world in general. The Ostroh Bible is also considered to be the most researched monument of Ukrainian printed book culture. The author summarizes information about the sources of the Ostroh Bible and identifies copies that belonged to the nobles who lived near Ostroh for some time and were probably involved in the work of the Ostroh intellectual group (Severyn Malyushytsky, Vasyl Zenkovych Tykhynsky and Valentyn Nehalevsky). The Bibles from their collections have old coverings, notes as to whom the book belonged, the readers’ comments, which is an interesting source for the history of reading and reflection upon the Holy Scripture throughout the centuries. The article summarizes information about the preserved copies of the Ostroh Bible and their presentation in Ukrainian collections. More detailed information about the copy of the publication from the collection of the National University "Ostroh Academy" (records, stamps, features of cover, paper filigrees, etc.) is provided.
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10

Brassó, Dóra Lili, Béla Béri, and István Komlósi. "Studies on Ostrich (Struthio Camelus) - Review." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 1 (May 20, 2020): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/1/3772.

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Ostrich has been reared in Hungary for decades, but we have limited information on this species. The aim of this review was to provide a concise description of the ostrich (Struthio camelus) based on international studies. We were to investigate some of the most relevant parameters, such as egg, meat and skin production. In this critical review we managed to sum up the most significant features and productivity parameters of ostrich and effecting factors. So as to make an accurate description of the species we have to know its morphological, behavioural and physiological characteristics. Ostrich is a very special bird with special nutritional and environmental requirements. Ostrich products, regarding egg, meat and skin are considered luxury products not only in Hungary but also abroad. Though egg has a significant nutritional value, it is mainly used for hatching chicks. In Europe we can expect roughly 40–50 eggs from a hen yearly. Ostrich has a lean meat with high protein and low fat and sodium content, moreover it is rich in minerals and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Having these advantageous qualities, ostrich meat should be part of our healthy diet. Skin production is not important in our country, but there is a special demand for high quality ostrich leather globally. In the future our aim is to conduct a research on some of the parameters. As low production rate and embryo mortality is a great deal of problem in ostrich industry, we need to investigate the incubation environment. There is an apparent disagreement among researchers on optimal slaughter age. This is also an area for further investigation. The value of skin and effecting factors on our climate as well as adaptability of the species are also worth for further investigation together with the nutrition what differs from other ostrich breeding countries. Nowadays, there is a great emphasis placed on animal welfare too.
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11

Ghiselli, Richard, and Hubert Schmieder. "Ostrich." Journal of Nutrition in Recipe & Menu Development 3, no. 2 (May 2001): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j071v03n02_04.

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12

Engelbrecht, A., L. C. Hoffman, S. W. P. Cloete, and S. J. van Schalkwyk. "Ostrich leather quality: a review." Animal Production Science 49, no. 7 (2009): 549. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea08255.

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This review summarises the research that has been published on factors that influence the various aspects of ostrich leather quality, a vital aspect to the economic viability of the commercial ostrich industry. The review is divided into three main sections: discussing intrinsic, pre-slaughter and post-slaughter factors that influence leather quality. Only one literature source that investigated the morphology of ostrich skin could be found. The high vascularity near the surface of the skin was indicated in making the skin susceptible to bruising, which influences skin quality, while the strength and flexibility of ostrich leather was attributed to the three-dimensional cross-weave arrangement of collagen fibres. Various studies reported a high degree of variation in quality within and between ostrich skins. The potential of genetic selection for improved skin quality was also considered, and it was demonstrated that most ostrich leather traits exhibited significant genetic variation. Findings on pre-slaughter factors, such as the effects of age, weight, nutrition and management practices, are also summarised. Few research reports on post-slaughter factors that influence leather quality were found. A few studies looked at the effect of storage on ostrich skin quality, but literature on the effect of processing techniques are lacking. Research priorities identified include the development of methods to assess skin quality on-farm and finding objective methods of evaluating ostrich leather quality.
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13

Solís Urriola, Iván. "Valoración de colectores de larvas de ostras Ostrea chilensis Ph en Pullinque." Biologia Pesquera, no. 6 (November 28, 2023): 5–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21703/0067-8767.1973.6.2389.

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Los sismos y el maremoto de 1960 casi eliminaron los bancos de ostras y la Estación de Ostricultura de Pullinque (Ancud),'razón por la cual la División de Pesca y Caza se preocupó de buscar nuevos sistemas de cultivos de ostras que permitiera la rápida recuperación de este valioso recurso.De los sustratos probados uno de los mejores son las valvas de cholgas (Aulacomya ater) que se encuentran como producto de deshecho de la fábrica de conservas de Calbuco y son baratas, ya que sólo debe financiarse su traslado a Pullinque.Los sistemas de colectores utilizados en la Ostricultura de Pullinque han sido muy variados, empleándose en su construcción diferentes tipos de sustratos: conchas de ostras, ramas de árboles, tallos de quila (Chasquea quila), tablillasde alerce {Fitzroya cupressoides), madera encementada, madera embreada, cordel, valvas de cholgas, etc.
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14

Jukna, V., J. Klementaviciūtė, E. Meskinytė-Kausilienė, N. Peciulaitienė, M. Samborskytė, and L. Ambrasūnas. "Comparative evaluation of quality and composition of ostrich, turkey and broiler meat." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 28, no. 2 (2012): 385–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah1202385j.

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In this article are presented research data on comparative evaluation of meat quality of various poultry species. The study was made on 5 samples of ostrich, turkey and broiler meat. Samples were weighed 500 to 550 grams. Qualitative and nutritional properties of meat from different species of poultry were estimated. The chemical composition, pH, color, firmness, water holding capacity, cooking loss, drip loss of ostrich, turkey and broiler meat were analyzed. Meat quality studies were carried out according to generally accepted methodologies. Analyses have shown that the highest fat content was in the broiler meat (p <0.001). Ostrich, turkey and broiler meat acidity values were very similar, slightly more distinct in turkey meat (p <0.01). The lowest water holding capacity was established in ostrich, the highest in turkey meat (p <0.01). Comparison in regard to meat firmness, it was observed on the ostrich meat had the highest firmness (p <0.01). Also, the highest cholesterol content was established in the ostrich meat.
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15

Nascimento, R. S., A. B. Fonseca, M. B. S. Feijó, R. M. Franco, and Z. B. Miranda. "Physicochemical characteristics of smoked cooked linguiças made with ostrich meat trimmings." Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 69, no. 2 (April 2017): 491–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-8969.

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ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics of three formulations of smoked cooked linguiças, only differing in the lean meat used: (Formula 1 ― 100% ostrich meat; Formula 2 ― 50% ostrich meat + 50% pork; and Formula 3 ― 50% ostrich meat + 50% chicken), elaborated with ostrich meat trimmings. The formulas showed slightly higher moisture content (62.00-64.41%) than the maximum allowed in the legislation for cooked linguiças (60%) (Brasil, 2000). However, their protein content (19.99-22.14%) was at least 42% higher than the minimum required level (14%); the fat content (11.82-14.25%) was less than half the maximum permitted level (35%) in the same legislation, and at least 45% less than three well-known smoked cooked linguiça brands commercialized in Brazil; and the energy value (194.89-208.19 Kcal%) was at least 31% less than the same smoked linguiça brands; thus the three ostrich smoked linguiça formulas elaborated could be claimed "light" in fat content and energy value (European Union, 2006; Brasil, 2012). The present study showed that ostrich meat trimmings can be successfully used to elaborate healthy, "light", smoked cooked linguiças, competing in the market with traditional smoked cooked linguiças, and adding value in the ostrich meat chain.
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16

Iji, P. A. "Intestinal development and nutrient utilisation in the ostrich: a brief review." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 48, no. 10 (2008): 1280. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea08140.

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The ostrich industry is plagued by a high level of neonatal mortality among chicks that are under 3 months of age. Although ostrich chicks hatch with a gastrointestinal tract that is more than 10% of their liveweight, there appear to be deficiencies in structural and functional development of the intestinal mucosa (and possibly pancreatic function) that do not support adequate digestive function. There is also insufficient knowledge of the nutritional requirements of the ostrich, which results in the provision of diets that may not be suitable, particularly for the hatchlings. Recent evidence suggests that ostrich chicks under the age of 10 weeks have poor ability to digest fibre. Further evaluations have revealed generally low activities of amylase, trypsin and lipase in ostrich chicks within the first 10 weeks of life. It is not certain if digestive function can be improved by supplementation with microbial enzymes, which are routinely used by the poultry industry. There is still a paucity of data on the digestive physiology of the ostrich and areas of intervention through applied nutrition are still vague. This paper reviews existing knowledge of the digestive physiology of the ostrich and examines the potential of interventions that could reduce neonatal mortality in the species.
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17

Azam, Sheikh Muhammad, Ahmad Ali, Mohammad Kashif, Muhammad Khalid, Saif Ur Rehman, Muhammad Faizan, and Muhammad Imran Tauseef. "Effect of Commercial & Natural Feeds on the Growth Performance of Ostrich (Struthio camelus) in Captivity." FRONTIERS IN CHEMICAL SCIENCES 3, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.52700/fcs.v3i1.37.

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In Pakistan, ostrich farming is becoming more popular as a means of obtaining inexpensive meat that is also devoid of cholesterol and other diseases when compared to chicken. In the wild, ostriches dwell in flocks of five to fifty and perform well in captivity. Ostrich chicks' early development rate is critical in preparing the bird for later growth up till the slaughter mass. The original egg mass from which the bird emerges determines the hatching weight. Ostrich chicks lose up to 20% of their weight in the first five to seven days after hatching.The typical carcass weight of an ostrich might be 57-58 percent of the live body weight.On a monthly basis, weight and height were determined, and given feed was calculated on a daily basis. The variation in growth rates between the two farms is due to the fact that the Balouch ostrich farm has far better conditions for birds and provides more food, whilst the Hamayoon ostrich farm has a lower growth rate due to restricted food availability. Furthermore, the death rate is linked to a lack of food.
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18

Iguna Mutiga, Mariciano, and Paul Kimata Muoria. "DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT ASSOCIATION OF SOMALI OSTRICH IN SAMBURU, KENYA." International Journal of Advanced Research 10, no. 12 (December 31, 2022): 521–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/15869.

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Somali ostrich has recently been published as distinct species. The bird is undergoing a drastic decline in population and thus classified as Vulnerable by IUCN. Its conservation demands an urgent understanding of the scope and the severity of the prevailing threats. The decline in range is an important threat to survival and propagation of wild populations in Samburu landscape. We aimed at identifying critical ranges and habitats utilized by the species by investigating its distribution and habitat association within Meibei and West Gate Conservancies, and Samburu National Reserve. Global Positioning System (GPS) coordinates and habitats types were recorded for all ostrich sightings during surveys conducted along predetermined routes in the study area. The Normalized difference vegetation Index (NDVI) at ostrich sighting points were obtained and regressed with the frequency of ostrich observations and the resultant regression models used to generate a spatial distribution model map. Somali ostriches were found to prefer bushy areas to open grasslands. However, they avoided think vegetation probably for predator avoidance. Majority of ostrich coexist with Samburu pastoralists and their livestock. This overlap suggests that any meaningful Somali ostrich conservation planning should focus on the involvement of the Samburu pastoral communities in land use planning.
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19

Alipanah, M., A. Torkamanzehi, and H. Taghavi. "Sex determination in ostrich (Struthio camelus) using DNA markers." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 90, no. 3 (September 1, 2010): 357–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas09125.

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Production of bird species such as ostrich (Struthio camelus) has been gaining increasing importance in Iran as well as many other countries. Ostrich, similar to many other species of birds, lacks sexual dimorphism, making it difficult to differentiate between males and females, especially at an early age, which can be problematic in breeding programs. Recently developed molecular genetic methods that utilize polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based techniques can facilitate rapid identification of the bird’s sex in these species using a DNA sample, which can be easily extracted from blood or feather pulps. We successfully applied a PCR-based RFLP technique and sex chromosome primers for sex determination in a sample of 30 Ostrich chicks using DNA extracted from blood and feather pulps. Both DNA samples (blood and feather pulps) provided useful results. However, using feather pulps from 1-day-old chicks can provide an easy and inexpensive method for sex determination in ostrich. Key words: Ostrich (struthio camelus), sex determination, sexual dimorphism, polymerase chain reaction, RFLP
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20

Yuan, Kunpeng, Dongdong Wang, Qingdong Luan, Ju Sun, Qianwen Gao, Zhiyao Jiang, Shouchun Wang, et al. "Whole Genome Characterization and Genetic Evolution Analysis of a New Ostrich Parvovirus." Viruses 12, no. 3 (March 19, 2020): 334. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12030334.

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Ostrich diseases characterized by paralysis have been breaking out in broad areas of China since 2015, causing major damage to the ostrich breeding industry in China. This report describes a parvovirus detected in ostriches from four different regions. The entire genomes of four parvovirus strains were sequenced following amplification by PCR, and we conducted comprehensive analysis of the ostrich parvovirus genome. Results showed that the length genomes of the parvovirus contained two open reading frames. Ostrich parvovirus (OsPV) is a branch of goose parvovirus (GPV). Genetic distance analysis revealed a close relationship between the parvovirus and goose parvovirus strains from China, with the closest being the 2016 goose parvovirus RC16 strain from Chongqing. This is the first report of a parvovirus in ostriches. However, whether OsPV is the pathogen of ostrich paralysis remains uncertain. This study contributes new information about the evolution and epidemiology of parvovirus in China, which provides a new way for the study of paralysis in ostriches.
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21

Van Heerden, J., and R. H. Keffen. "A preliminary investigation into the immobilising potential of a tiletamine/zolazepam mixture, metomidate, a metomidate and azaperone combination and medetomidine in ostriches (Struthio camelus)." Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 62, no. 3 (September 30, 1991): 114–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/jsava.v62i3.1768.

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Ostrich chicks (n=34) were successfully immobilised with intramuscular injections of a tiletamine/zolazepam mixture at dosages of 5, 10, 15 and 20 mg kg-¹; with metomidate at dosages of 15 and 20 mg kg-¹ and with a metomidate/azaperone combination at respectively 20 and 6,6 mg kg-¹, and 10 and 3,3 mg kg-¹. Unsatisfactory immobilisation with violent body movements and self traumatisation were observed in an adult ostrich after the intramuscular administration of a tiletamine/zolezepam mixture. Anaesthesia was achieved by the administration of metomidate in combination with azaperone. Medetomidine administered at a dosage rate of 0,1 mg kg-¹ did not result in immobilisation of ostrich chicks (n=4). Findings in ostrich chicks should not necessarily be extrapolated to adult birds.
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22

Doosti, Abbas, Ghasemi Dehkordi, and Hosein Khodabakhsh. "cDNA cloning and sequencing of ostrich Growth hormone." Archives of Biological Sciences 64, no. 2 (2012): 445–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs1202445d.

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In recent years, industrial breeding of ostrich (Struthio camelus) has been widely developed in Iran. Growth hormone (GH) is a peptide hormone that stimulates growth and cell reproduction in different animals. The aim of this study was to clone and sequence the ostrich growth hormone gene in E. coli, done for the first time in Iran. The cDNA that encodes ostrich growth hormone was isolated from total mRNA of the pituitary gland and amplified by RT-PCR using GH specific PCR primers. Then GH cDNA was cloned by T/A cloning technique and the construct was transformed into E. coli. Finally, GH cDNA sequence was submitted to the GenBank (Accession number: JN559394). The results of present study showed that GH cDNA was successfully cloned in E. coli. Sequencing confirmed that GH cDNA was cloned and that the length of ostrich GH cDNA was 672 bp; BLAST search showed that the sequence of growth hormone cDNA of the ostrich from Iran has 100% homology with other records existing in GenBank.
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Ramesh, Pandian, Selvarajan Sigamani Sundaresan, Nagaraj Shobana, Thangaraj Vinuchakkaravarthy, Kandasamy Sivakumar, Sayed Yasien, and Mondikalipudur Nanjappa Gounder Ponnuswamy. "Structural studies of hemoglobin from two flightless birds, ostrich and turkey: insights into their differing oxygen-binding properties." Acta Crystallographica Section D Structural Biology 77, no. 5 (April 26, 2021): 690–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2059798321003417.

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Crystal structures of hemoglobin (Hb) from two flightless birds, ostrich (Struthio camelus) and turkey (Meleagris gallopova), were determined. The ostrich Hb structure was solved to a resolution of 2.22 Å, whereas two forms of turkey Hb were solved to resolutions of 1.66 Å (turkey monoclinic structure; TMS) and 1.39 Å (turkey orthorhombic structure; TOS). Comparison of the amino-acid sequences of ostrich and turkey Hb with those from other avian species revealed no difference in the number of charged residues, but variations were observed in the numbers of hydrophobic and polar residues. Amino-acid-composition-based computation of various physical parameters, in particular their lower inverse transition temperatures and higher average hydrophobicities, indicated that the structures of ostrich and turkey Hb are likely to be highly ordered when compared with other avian Hbs. From the crystal structure analysis, the liganded state of ostrich Hb was confirmed by the presence of an oxygen molecule between the Fe atom and the proximal histidine residue in all four heme regions. In turkey Hb (both TMS and TOS), a water molecule was bound instead of an oxygen molecule in all four heme regions, thus confirming that they assumed the aqua-met form. Analysis of tertiary- and quaternary-structural features led to the conclusion that ostrich oxy Hb and turkey aqua-met Hb adopt the R-/RH-state conformation.
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D’Elia (book author), Una Roman, and Damiano Acciarino (review author). "Raphael’s Ostrich." Renaissance and Reformation 41, no. 1 (April 19, 2018): 178–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/rr.v41i1.29530.

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Gibbs, Jack P., W. Parker Frisbie, John D. Kasarda, Andrew T. Scull, Doug McAdam, John D. McCarthy, Mayer N. Zald, Peter B. Evans, and John D. Stephens. ""Ostrich" Sociology." Contemporary Sociology 18, no. 4 (July 1989): 494. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2073039.

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VERWOERD, D. J. "Ostrich diseases." Revue Scientifique et Technique de l'OIE 19, no. 2 (August 1, 2000): 638–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.20506/rst.19.2.1235.

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Comer, Nandi. "Ostrich Woman." Callaloo 39, no. 2 (2016): 258. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cal.2016.0045.

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Setz, C. "Ostrich Trumpet." Literary Imagination 14, no. 1 (November 29, 2011): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/litimag/imr127.

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WALTER, JANELLE M., LUANN SOLIAH, and DOVALEE DORSETT. "Ground Ostrich." Journal of the American Dietetic Association 100, no. 2 (February 2000): 244–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-8223(00)00074-2.

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30

Torrengo, Giuliano. "Ostrich presentism." Philosophical Studies 170, no. 2 (September 29, 2013): 255–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11098-013-0211-x.

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31

Klementiev, A. M., I. D. Dolgushin, E. P. Rybin, D. Bazargur, Ya Tserendagva, T. Bolorbat, B. Gunchinsuren, J. W. Olsen, and A. M. Khatsenovich. "Ostrich Eggshell Morphology Based on Pleistocene and Holocene Samples from Mongolia." Problems of Archaeology, Ethnography, Anthropology of Siberia and Neighboring Territories 27 (2021): 134–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17746/2658-6193.2021.27.0134-0141.

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Ostrich eggshell bead-making appears relatively early in regions inhabited by ostriches. This type of personal ornamentation emerged in Central Asia together with human populations associated with the laminar Initial Upper Paleolithic culture about 45,000 uncal BP or slightly earlier. Eggshell beads and pendants occur in Central Asia until the Middle Holocene, while the technology of bead-making underwent changes throughout this period. Although beads and eggshell fragments are quite common in Paleolithic sites, ostrich bones are extremely rare. Ostrich taxonomy is based on eggshell analysis, principally on shell thickness variability. Here, we present the results of an additional investigative approach aimed at taxonomic determination - analysis of eggshell pore patterns. We applied this method to samples found over a wide area in Mongolia - from the Middle Selenga Basin in the north to the Gobi Desert in the south. Samples of beads and eggshells were recovered from archaeological sites in cultural layers ranging from the Initial Upper Paleolithic to the Early Holocene Mesolithic. Our experimental studies included the fabrication offossilized (ostrich) and fresh (emu) eggshell beads to better understand the character ofvisible traces that appear on the shell surfaces after drilling and polishing. Namibian ethnographic beads made of S. camelus australis eggshell were also analyzed to compare interspecies pore patterns. This research targets taxonomic determination of the ostrich species that co-existed with humans in eastern Central Asia during the Pleistocene. Another focus of this analysis is the use of fossilized ostrich eggshell by Pleistocene hominins.
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Potts, D. T. "Ostrich distribution and exploitation in the Arabian peninsula." Antiquity 75, no. 287 (March 2001): 182–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00052881.

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Ethnohistoric and representational as well as egg-shell evidence shows that the ostrich was widely distributed in Arabia. However, the absence of ostrich bones in the archaeological record suggests that they were not hunted for meat.
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Rodrigues, G. S., C. C. de A. Buschinelli, and L. R. Muniz. "Ostrich farming and environmental management tools: an overview." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 48, no. 10 (2008): 1308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea08143.

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There is an increasing demand in the ostrich farming sector for management tools that are capable of motivating, preparing and guiding producers to meet the requirements of ‘environmentally conscious’ consumers. Many methodological options are currently available to conduct sustainability assessments and to ensure the best environmental management of rural activities. One option, the ‘System for weighed environmental impact assessment of rural activities’ (APOIA-NovoRural), has recently been validated for ostrich farming, as a tool for checking the contributions of the activity to local sustainable development. Case studies have favoured the understanding of the main environmental impacts and provided valuable recommendations regarding natural resources management and landscape ecology improvements in ostrich farming systems. Most importantly, the criteria and indicators constructed in this environmental management tool may be used for defining general ‘Terms of Reference’ for sustainable ostrich farming.
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Elnegiry, Ahmed, Hazem Hamoda, and Foad Farrag. "Histomorphological Study on the Cerebellum of the African Ostrich." Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences 73, no. 2 (2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/ajvs.33484.

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In this, we use six male African ostriches aging 10-13 months. Our findings revealed the morphometric and histological structure of the African ostrich cerebellum that controls the balance and locomotion of the largest, heaviest, and fastest flightless bird. The average length, width, perimeter, and surface area of ostrich cerebella were measured. The large-sized cerebellum of the ostrich provides the bird with proper control of locomotion and balance in addition to complex cognitive abilities. Histologically, we describe the histoarchitecture of the ostrich cerebellum with the distinct three layers, molecular layer, Purkinje, and granular layers. Purkinje cell Nissl granules and cell Processes were demonstrated using special stains. The complicated cerebellar circuity and the different information inputs to the cerebellum from the vestibular system, spinocerebellar tracts, and pontine nuclei were discussed. Pontine nuclei of the ventral pons which represent the main input of information to the cerebellum were also demonstrated.
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Honnas, Clifford M., James Jensen, Janyce L. Cornick, Karen Hicks, and Bruce S. Kuesis. "Proventriculotomy to relieve foreign body impaction in ostriches." Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 199, no. 4 (August 15, 1991): 461–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.1991.199.04.461.

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Summary A study was conducted to identify the clinical signs associated with impaction of the proventriculus in ostriches, to identify diagnostic aids, and to develop a surgical procedure for management of the disorder. Clinical signs indicating the need for surgical intervention included chronic inappetance, a change in fecal consistency or production, dehydration, weight loss, and failure to respond to laxatives. Diagnosis of impacted proventriculus was by abdominal radiography and external palpation. Impactions were caused by sand and rocks (5 ostriches), hay and sand (1 ostrich), and leaves (1 ostrich). After surgery, 5 of the ostriches were clinically normal within (mean) 1 week. One ostrich failed to regain a normal appetite until 2 weeks after surgery, and one juvenile ostrich died after surgery. Of the 6 ostriches that survived, 1 died 1 week after discharge from the hospital. The remaining birds survived without redevelopment of impaction.
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Szczerbińska, Danuta, and Monika Wiercińska. "Ultrastructure of the eggshell of selected Palaeognathae species – a comparative analysis." Annals of Animal Science 14, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 167–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2013-0079.

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AbstractThe study aimed at comparative analysis of the eggshell ultrastructure, indicating differences and similarities in its structure depending on the bird species. The study was carried out in ostrich, emu and rhea breeding flocks. The birds were kept under open system. The ostrich flock comprised 6 females and 3 males, the emu flock included 22 birds with equal sex ratio, while the rhea flock consisted of 16 females and 4 males. Emus and rheas were 5 years old and in their 3rd laying year, whereas ostriches were 4 years old and in their 2nd laying year. The analysis of eggshell ultrastructure and porosity was performed on the post-hatching eggshells being obtained after the incubation of eggs from around peak laying period of these birds. In total, 27 eggshells were evaluated, 9 of each species. Analysis of the ultrastructure of ostrich, emu and rhea eggshells showed their different architecture being dependent on the bird species. The cuticle in ostrich eggs adhered firmly to the vertical crystal layer, it mainly occurred around pore canal orifices in rhea eggs, while only its residual presence was observed in emu eggs. The percentage of the vertical crystal layer was similar in the ostrich and rhea eggshells (2-3%) but significantly higher in the emu eggshells (9%). The largest number of mammillae per unit of inner eggshell surface area was recorded in emus, while the broadest palisades in rheas. The ostrich eggshells were shown to be characterised by the least number of pores per unit of surface area, with significantly narrower pore canals.
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Beindorf, Philipp-Michael, Oksana Kovalenko, Sebastian Ulrich, Hanna Geißler, Rüdiger Korbel, Karin Schwaiger, Samart Dorn-In, and Irene Esteban-Cuesta. "Investigation of Meat from Ostriches Raised and Slaughtered in Bavaria, Germany: Microbiological Quality and Antimicrobial Resistance." Biology 11, no. 7 (June 29, 2022): 985. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology11070985.

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Ostrich meat is characterized by high nutritional value; however, it remains an exotic product in most countries worldwide. In Europe, only few data are available regarding its microbial contamination, prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, and safety. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the microbiological quality and safety of ostrich meat samples (n = 55), each from one animal, produced in Bavaria, Germany. The provided microbiological status of ostrich meat included mesophilic aerobic bacteria, Enterobacteria, and mesophilic yeast and molds. In terms of food safety, all meat samples were negative for Salmonella spp. and Trichinella spp. Additionally, meat samples and a further 30 stool samples from 30 individuals were investigated for Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli genes, with two meat samples that were qPCR-positive. Antimicrobial-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococcus faecalis, and Enterococcus faecium strains were from meat and stool samples also analyzed; 13 potentially resistant Enterobacteriaceae (meat samples) and 4 Enterococcus faecium (stool samples) were isolated, and their susceptibility against 29 and 14 antimicrobials, respectively, was characterized. The results of this study provide an overview of microbial loads and food safety aspects that may be used as baseline data for the ostrich meat industry to improve their hygienic quality. However, the implementation of monitoring programs is recommended, and microbiological standards for ostrich meat production should be established.
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Pomraenke, Marta, Robert Bolney, Thomas Winkens, Olga Perkas, David Pretzel, Bernhard Theis, Julia Greiser, and Martin Freesmeyer. "A Novel Breast Cancer Xenograft Model Using the Ostrich Chorioallantoic Membrane—A Proof of Concept." Veterinary Sciences 10, no. 5 (May 12, 2023): 349. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10050349.

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The avian chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay has attracted scientific attention in cancer research as an alternative or complementary method for in vivo animal models. Here, we present a xenograft model based on the ostrich (struthio camelus) CAM assay for the first time. The engraftment of 2 × 106 breast cancer carcinoma MDA-MB-231 cells successfully lead to tumor formation. Tumor growth monitoring was evaluated in eight fertilized eggs after xenotransplantation. Cancer cells were injected directly onto the CAM surface, close to a well-vascularized area. Histological analysis confirmed the epithelial origin of tumors. The CAM of ostrich embryos provides a large experimental surface for the xenograft, while the comparably long developmental period allows for a long experimental window for tumor growth and treatment. These advantages could make the ostrich CAM assay an attractive alternative to the well-established chick embryo model. Additionally, the large size of ostrich embryos compared to mice and rats could help overcome the limitations of small animal models. The suggested ostrich model is promising for future applications, for example, in radiopharmaceutical research, the size of the embryonal organs may compensate for the loss in image resolution caused by physical limitations in small animal positron emission tomography (PET) imaging.
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39

Shevchuk, S. "The role of Gerasim Smotrytsky in the Ostroh Bilaya edition." Ukrainian Religious Studies, no. 34 (June 14, 2005): 113–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.32420/2005.34.1586.

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The release of the Ostroh Bible in 1581 was a huge event in the history of Ukrainian culture. The book was recognized by the entire Slavic world, which contributed to its rapid spread among the Slavic peoples. For 170 years the Ostroh Bible has become the most revered publication and not worthy of its rival. The importance of the Ostroh Bible among other cultural and historical circumstances was also conditioned by the fact that its publication was attended by well-known figures of Ukrainian history and culture of the sixteenth century. Among them are the prominent Ukrainian polemicist Gerasim Smotrytsky.
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40

Misu, Kenji, Masahiro Ikeda, Keung Or, Mitsuhito Ando, Megu Gunji, Hiromi Mochiyama, and Ryuma Niiyama. "Robostrich Arm: Wire-Driven High-DOF Underactuated Manipulator." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 34, no. 2 (April 20, 2022): 328–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2022.p0328.

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We propose a wire-driven robotic arm inspired by the ostrich neck. It can pick up a small piece of feed from the ground while colliding with it. This arm is named robostrich arm (shortened form of robotic ostrich arm). It consists of a serial chain of 18 rigid bodies connected by free rotational joints that are designed to have angle limitations similar to the bones of a real ostrich. It moves in a vertical plane and is driven by two DC motors through antagonistic wires. The task considered in this study was to lift the arm tip (the “head” of the robostrich arm). The experimental results indicate that the tensioner balance and timing between the two wires are important for achieving the head-up task. This paper indicates the contribution of antagonist muscles to the performance of head-up tasks by high-degree-of-freedom underactuated manipulators in robotics and ostrich necks in biological studies.
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Schutte, Sumari, Jeannine Marais, Magdalena Muller, and Louwrens C. Hoffman. "Replacement of Sodium Tripolyphosphate with Iota Carrageenan in the Formulation of Restructured Ostrich Ham." Foods 10, no. 3 (March 5, 2021): 535. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10030535.

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The influence of iota carrageenan (iota-CGN) as a partial replacement of sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) was investigated on the physical (pH, yield, instrumental color, texture profile analysis), chemical (moisture, protein, total fat, ash, phosphate) and sensory (descriptive analysis, acceptance testing) quality of restructured ostrich ham (95% lean meat plus fat). Treatments consisted of five decreasing levels of STPP (0.70%, 0.53%, 0.35%, 0.18% and 0%) that were simultaneously substituted with five increasing levels of iota-CGN (0%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3% and 0.4%). Cooked yield, hardness, cohesiveness, and gumminess of restructured ostrich ham increased (p ≤ 0.05) with decreasing levels of STPP (and increased levels of iota-CGN). No significant trend in instrumental color measurements or springiness were observed between treatments. Ostrich ham with 0.35% STPP and lower had increased ostrich meat aroma and flavor, while spicy aroma and flavor, mealiness and consumer acceptance decreased. Iota carrageenan can be substituted for STPP (up to 0.35% STPP and 0.2% iota-CGN) to produce reduced STPP ham.
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42

Canepari, Eleonora. "Temporary Housing and Unsettled Population: Drivers of Urban Change in Early Modern Marseille and Rome." Journal of Early Modern History 25, no. 1-2 (March 5, 2021): 118–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700658-bja10031.

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Abstract This paper argues that unsettled people, far from being “marginal” individuals, played a key role in shaping early modern cities. It does so by going beyond the traditional binary between rooted and unstable people. Specifically, the paper takes the temporary places of residence of this “unsettled” population – notably inns (garnis in France, osterie in Italy) – as a vantage point to observe social change in early modern cities. The case studies are two cities which shared a growing and highly mobile population in the early modern period: Rome and Marseille. In the first section, the paper focuses on two semi-rural neighborhoods. This is to assess the impact of mobility in shaping demographic, urbanistic, and economic patterns in these areas. Moving from the neighborhood as a whole to the individual buildings which composed it, the second section outlines the biographies of two inns: Rome’s osteria d’Acquataccio and Marseille’s hôtel des Deux mondes. In turn, this is to evaluate changes and continuities over a longer period of time.
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43

Horbańczuk, Olaf K., and Agnieszka Wierzbicka. "Technological and nutritional properties of ostrich, emu, and rhea meat quality." Journal of Veterinary Research 60, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 279–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jvetres-2016-0043.

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AbstractIn recent years a growing demand for ratite meat, including ostrich, emu, and rhea has been observed all over the world. However, consumers as well as the meat industry still have limited and scattered knowledge about this type of meat, especially in the case of emu and rhea. Thus, the aim of the present review is to provide information on technological and nutritional properties of ostrich, emu, and rhea meat, including carcass composition and yields, physicochemical characteristics, and nutritive value. Carcass yields and composition among ratites are comparable, with the exception of higher content of fat in emu. Ostrich, emu, and rhea meat is darker than beef and ratite meat acidification is closer to beef than to poultry. Ratite meat can be recognised as a dietetic product mainly because of its low level of fat, high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), favourable n6/n3 ratio, and high iron content in comparison with beef and chicken meat. Ratite meat is also rich in selenium, copper, vitamin B, and biologically active peptides such as creatine (emu) and anserine (ostrich), and has low content of sodium (ostrich). The abundance of bioactive compounds e.g. PUFA, makes ratite meat highly susceptible to oxidation and requires research concerning elaboration of innovative, intelligent packaging system for protection of nutritional and technological properties of this meat.
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Jahan, Israt, Nazmi Ara Rumi, Md Khaled Hossain, Md Shajedur Rahman, Md Fakhruzzaman, Samina Akter, and Abdul Gaffar Miah. "Microbial assessment of different samples of ostrich (Struthio camelus) and determination of antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of the isolated bacteria." Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 3, no. 4 (January 30, 2018): 437–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ajmbr.v3i4.35334.

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The study was conducted to monitor the microbial assessment in oropharyngeal swab, cloacal swab and faecal samples of ostrich and also update knowledge on antimicrobial sensitivity of isolated organisms. The study was performed at Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science & Technology University (HSTU) ostrich farm from January to June, 2016. A total 75 samples were randomly collected from 8 ostriches at different age of which 25 oropharyngeal, 25 cloacal swabs sample and 25 were faeces samples. The organisms were isolated by using standard microbiological method. The result revealed that the average microbial load in plate count agar was highest in faeces (1.48×109±0.27 CFU) than oropharyngeal swab (1.36×109±0.38 CFU) and cloacal swab (1.28×109±0.34 CFU). Among 75 samples, 29 (38.66%) Escherichia coli, 21 (28%) Salmonella spp., 20 (26.67%) Staphylococcus spp. and 5(6.6%) Bacillus spp. were identified. In 25 oropharyngeal swab samples, Staphylococcus spp. was found highest 15 (60%) than other organisms but Escherichia coli were found highest both in cloacal 11(44%) and faecal 12(48%) samples. On antibiogram study Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus spp. and Bacillus spp. were more sensitive to Levofloxacin, Azithromycin, Nalidixic Acid and Amoxicillin respectively. While more resistant to Azithromycin, Penicillin, Chloramphenicol and Erythromycin respectively. The obtained results indicated that ostrich excreta are one of the most important sources of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus spp., Salmonella spp., Bacillus spp. in ostrich farms. Finally, it may be concluding that the logical use of antibiotics must be adopted in ostrich farms reared in Bangladesh for prevention of the appearance of multidrug resistance bacteria. Moreover, proper measures should be taken to aware off zoonotic diseases in peoples who are involved in ostrich farming.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2017, 3(4): 437-445
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45

Kocherha, Svitlana O. "LESYA UKRAINKA AND MYKHAYLO KRYVYNYUK: OSTROH CONTEXT." Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu «Ostrozʹka akademìâ». Serìâ «Fìlologìâ» 1, no. 12(80) (December 23, 2021): 96–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2519-2558-2021-12(80)-96-101.

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The article is devoted to Mykhaylo Kryvyniuk (1871-1944), a scientist, a writer, a teacher, and a member of the social-democratic movement, who left a significant heritage in Ukrainian history and culture of the late nineteenth – early decades of the twentieth century. The main task of the article is to outline Kryvyniuk’ biographical connection with Ostroh and to characterize the uniqueness of his friendship with Lesya Ukrainka. The article outlines the ancient phenomenon of brotherhood, the cult of which was re-actualized by Lesya Ukrainka. The main milestones of Mykhaylo Kryvyniuk's biography have been identified, using documentary materials that were not taken into account before. In the article, it is analyzed the letters of Lesya Ukrainka and members of her family to Mykhaylo Kryvyniuk in which there are numerous touches that characterize his worldview beliefs and moral qualities. The writer's relationship with her friend and later a relative (sister's husband) is described. Special attention is paid to Lesya Ukrainka's poems dedicated to her brother. The article is pervasive in understanding the role of Ostroh in the formation of Mykhaylo Kryvyniuk. Emphasis is placed on his studies at the Ostroh Gymnasium and his stay in the Ostroh prison. Lesia Ukrainka marked Mykhaylo Kryvyniuk as a "soul of Ostroh", which was manifested in his mentality, aesthetic tastes, and love for historical Volyn. The conclusions emphasize that Mykhaylo Kryvyniuk, a native of a peasant family from Ostroh region, became a representative of the Ukrainian elite at a young age. His civic stance led to persecution by the tsarist government and the totalitarian Stalinist system. With his qualities and deeds, Kryvyniuk earned the deep respect of Lesya Ukrainka and all members of her family, proving himself a man capable of chivalrous deeds.
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46

Lyamin, O., V. Borshenko, A. Bakhchina, and J. Siegel. "0012 REM Sleep in Ostrich Chicks." Sleep 43, Supplement_1 (April 2020): A5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.011.

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Abstract Introduction It was reported that adult ostriches displayed the longest REM sleep episodes (up to 5 min) and more REM sleep (24% of the nighttime) than any other avian species. In all mammals studied so far REM sleep predominates at early age suggesting it promotes development of the brain. The aim of this study was to examine REM sleep in ostrich chicks. Methods EEG, electrooculogram and electromyogram of the neck muscles were recorded in 4 chronically implanted 2–3 month old ostrich chicks over 3 nights. The last night was scored in 4-sec epochs for waking, nonREM and REM sleep. Results NonREM sleep and REM sleep in the ostrich chicks occurred when they were sitting or lying with the head held above the ground or rested on the ground. REM sleep was characterized by distinct rapid eye movements, head drops and eye closure. The amplitude of the EEG during episodes of REM sleep ranged between low voltage EEG, as recorded during quiet waking and high voltage slow waves, as recorded during nonREM sleep EEG. The ostrich chicks spent on average 70.7 + 2.2% of the nighttime in nonREM sleep and 12.3 + 3.9% in REM sleep. The episodes of REM sleep lasted on average 9 + 1 sec and ranged between 4 and 36 sec. Conclusion Similar to adult birds, 2–3 mo old ostrich chicks displayed a “mixed” sleep state which has features of both slow wave sleep / nonREM and REM sleep, as we have described in the platypus and echidna. An unexpected result of this study is the total amount and duration of episodes of REM were considerably smaller than has been reported in adult ostriches. More studies need to be done on the developmental and environmental determinants of REM sleep in the ostrich. Support The Russian Foundation for Basic Research (18-04-01252) and HL148574
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Maksymchuk, Vitalii. "OSTROH STREET NAMES OF XVI–XVII CENTURIES." Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu «Ostrozʹka akademìâ». Serìâ «Fìlologìâ» 1, no. 17(85) (June 22, 2023): 292–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2519-2558-2023-17(85)-292-297.

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The article analyzes Ostroh street names of the XVI–XVII centuries, recorded in historical sources published in the Old Ukrainian and Middle Polish languages. Hodonyms are characterized in the context of denotative-nominative classification. It was found out that the formation of Ostroh hodonymicon began at the end of the XVI century, and the first mentions of street names were recorded in the Primary Tribute Register of Ostroh Volost and Zdovbytsky Dvir in 1576. Two types of street names were distinguished and described: hodonyms-landmarks that helped people to orientate them locality, and really hodonyms that clearly named the street. The names of streets, which consist of their own name supplemented by an indication of an external object, were analyzed separately. It has been determined that for medieval Ostroh landmark objects were the princely castle, city fence (palisade), Lutsk and Tatar towers, pond, river, mills, etc. It was found that really hodonyms are most often motivated by the names of ethnic groups (Jews, Turks, Tatars) or the type of people’s activity (shoemakers, wheelwrights, tanners) who lived on the streets of Ostroh, as well as by the names of cities (Lutsk, Rivne, Zviahel, Kamianets), in the direction which were led by the street. Single hodonyms are associated with features of the terrain, place or order of location and in historical documents they have different names, which prove their non-codification and instability. Examples of the renaming of some streets at the end of the XVI century have been recorded and the formation of memorial hodonyms common in the modern onymic space has been fixed. It has been confirmed that the hodonymicon of the XVI–XVII centuries reflects key information from the history of Ostroh development, settlement of suburbs and social stratification of the city.
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48

Zhang, Rui, Hao Pang, Haijin Wan, Dianlei Han, Guoyu Li, and Lige Wen. "Design and Analysis of the Bionic Mechanical Foot with High Trafficability on Sand." Applied Bionics and Biomechanics 2020 (July 16, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3489142.

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The ostrich foot has excellent travelling performance on sand and plays a vital role in efficient locomotion. The tendon-bone assembly characteristics of an ostrich foot were studied by gross anatomy, and the 3D model of ostrich foot was reconstructed and analyzed using reverse engineering techniques. Further, the bionic mechanical foot, suitable for locomotion on loose sand, was designed based on the structural characteristics of ostrich foot and its rigid-flexible coupling mechanism of tendon-bone synergies. The travelling performance on sand of the bionic mechanical foot was tested on a test platform by using Simi Motion. After analyzing the angle changes of the ankle joint and the metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint, the displacement changes of the knee joint, the ankle joint, the MTP joint, and each phalanx along the z-axis, the plantar pressure distribution, and the footprints, we drew the conclusion that the bionic mechanical foot is helpful to reduce the sinkage and improve the trafficability on sand ground. This study provides a new research method for the walking mechanism of a robot and deep space exploration platform walking on soft ground.
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49

Daei Niaki, Hossein, Amir Afkhami Goli, Peyman Nakhaee, and Jamshid Razmyar. "Determination of Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Clostridium Perfringens Strains Isolated from Healthy and Diseased Ostriches (Struthio camelus)." Journal of Poultry Sciences and Avian Diseases 1, no. 2 (2023): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.61838/kman.jpsad.1.2.4.

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Gastrointestinal diseases are considered the most prevalent and economically considerable diseases in the ostrich breeding industry, in which necrotic enteritis caused by C. perfringens induces high mortality, especially in ostrich chicks. Several antimicrobial agents are used to prevent enteric diseases, enhancing growth rate and increasing feed conversion ratio. This procedure results in a high prevalence of resistance among enteric bacteria with the possibility of a consequent emergence of antibiotic resistance in zoonotic enteropathogens. This study determined the susceptibility of C. perfringens strains isolated from the intestine and faeces of disease and healthy ostriches in southeast Iran to 8 antimicrobial agents. A total of 40 C. perfringens isolates were collected from several ostrich flocks and were tested using the broth microdilution method. The susceptibility of obtained isolates to antibiotics was as follows: ceftriaxone (80%), cefazolin (77.5%), florfenicol (72.5%), tetracycline (62.5%), penicillin (47.5%), sulfadiazine (20%), sulfadimidine (7.5%) and neomycin (7.5%). In conclusion, C. perfringens strains isolated from ostriches should be tested and monitored for antibacterial susceptibility patterns. The present study is the first to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of C. perfringens isolated from ostrich.
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50

Fomina, Liudmila. "COSMONYMY IN THE OSTROH BIBLE AND ITS UKRAINIAN TRANSLATION." Opera in onomastica, no. 24 (December 28, 2021): 100–125. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2410-3373.2021.24.248323.

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The article explores the names of the astronomic objects, used by the scientists, who translated and edited the Ostroh Bible of 1580/1581, and those equivalents, which were represented by the translator of the Ostroh Bible to Ukrainian, Father Raphael (Roman Turkonyak). The article consists of the introduction, where the history of cosmonymy studies in Slavic and non-Slavic linguistic literature is discussed, and five sections, devoted to the history of the Ostroh Bible’s creation, to the separate names (dennitsa, mazurot, vlasozhelische, kruzhiliye); the article is completed by the conclusions. The aim of the article is the search of the primary nominations, to which the Ostroh Bible cosmonyms refer, the study of the ways of their translation by the ancient Slavic translators and the representation of the equivalents in the latest Ukrainian translation by the archimandrite, Father Raphael. The main methods of research are historical-comparative and comparative-historical. The result of the research: astronominations of the Ostroh Bible are rooted in the translations by the first teachers of the Slavs, brothers Cyril and Methodius, or the translators from their close circle. Conclusions Cosmonymy as onomastic discipline has not been sufficiently elaborated and needs the theoretical conceptualization in the context of the achievements in the modern linguistics. Not enough attention is paid to the study of astronominations in the Biblical codes in different languages. The hypothesis has been proved that cosmonyms vlasozhelischi and kruzhiliye in the Ostroh Bible are the semantic hebraisms, and that the name vlasozhelischi is a modification of the combination of two lexical units: vlasy “Pleiads” and *zhelischi – nominations of the Great Bear with conveying the Judaic perspective of the constellation as a funeral procession. The Ukrainian translator uses the wide spectrum of names: Greek Pleiads, Orion, Espera “night Venus”, Slavism dennitsa, Hebraism mazurot, and word combinations rannya zorya, rannya zvizda, vechirnya zorya. If the ancient translators turned not only to Greek, but also to Ancient Hebrew primary source in the process of word formation, Father Raphael saw his main task in conveying astronomic names of the protograph – the Ostroh Bible – as precisely as possible.
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