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Zochling, Jane Margaret. "The Epidemiology of Osteoporosis in the Frail Institutionalized Elderly." University of Sydney. Department of Rheumatology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/637.
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As our population ages, the proportion of frail elderly people requiring assisted accommodation in aged care facilities is increasing. This population is at high risk of falls and fractures, which bring significant morbidity and mortality. The prevalence of osteoporosis also increases with age, but there have been few studies of bone density in residents of hostels and nursing homes. This thesis looked at the prevalence of osteoporosis and falls in elderly people in residential care, to define the size of the problem and identify risk factors for low bone density and falling, with particular reference to vitamin D levels. Two thousand and five men and women aged between 65 and 104 years were enrolled in the Falls and Fracture Risk in the Elderly Epidemiology (FREE) study between 1999 and 2003. The key findings from analysis of this population were firstly, that quantitative ultrasound (QUS) measures were higher in men than women independent of age, and that in men there was no significant decline in either BUA or VOS, but in women BUA declined by over 3% per decade and VOS by 1% per decade. Both ultrasound machines used in the study were shown to be reliable, with precision unaffected by advanced age. QUS was found to be sensitive to longitudinal change even in this frail elderly cohort. Vitamin D deficiency was found in the majority of elderly aged care facility residents but supplementation conferred higher serum 25-OH-vitamin D levels. Vitamin D levels were not shown to be related to BUA, VOS or the risk of falling in this population. Serum parathyroid hormone might be important in determining future falls risk. In summary, the results of this thesis give an important insight into the prevalence of osteoporosis and falls in the frail elderly, and how these might be predicted. Future study of prospective fracture rates in this group will then be able to assess relative risk factors for osteoporotic fracture, and identify those individuals who might benefit from directed fracture prevention strategies.
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Zochling, Jane Margaret. "The Epidemiology of Osteoporosis in the Frail Institutionalized Elderly." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/637.
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As our population ages, the proportion of frail elderly people requiring assisted accommodation in aged care facilities is increasing. This population is at high risk of falls and fractures, which bring significant morbidity and mortality. The prevalence of osteoporosis also increases with age, but there have been few studies of bone density in residents of hostels and nursing homes. This thesis looked at the prevalence of osteoporosis and falls in elderly people in residential care, to define the size of the problem and identify risk factors for low bone density and falling, with particular reference to vitamin D levels. Two thousand and five men and women aged between 65 and 104 years were enrolled in the Falls and Fracture Risk in the Elderly Epidemiology (FREE) study between 1999 and 2003. The key findings from analysis of this population were firstly, that quantitative ultrasound (QUS) measures were higher in men than women independent of age, and that in men there was no significant decline in either BUA or VOS, but in women BUA declined by over 3% per decade and VOS by 1% per decade. Both ultrasound machines used in the study were shown to be reliable, with precision unaffected by advanced age. QUS was found to be sensitive to longitudinal change even in this frail elderly cohort. Vitamin D deficiency was found in the majority of elderly aged care facility residents but supplementation conferred higher serum 25-OH-vitamin D levels. Vitamin D levels were not shown to be related to BUA, VOS or the risk of falling in this population. Serum parathyroid hormone might be important in determining future falls risk. In summary, the results of this thesis give an important insight into the prevalence of osteoporosis and falls in the frail elderly, and how these might be predicted. Future study of prospective fracture rates in this group will then be able to assess relative risk factors for osteoporotic fracture, and identify those individuals who might benefit from directed fracture prevention strategies.
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Magallares, López Berta Paula. "Estudio de fragilidad ósea en población pediátrica con factores de riesgo." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667390.
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La presente tesis doctoral aborda el problema de la Baja Masa Ósea para la edad cronológica (BMOec) y la Osteoporosis infantil (OPi), situaciones que pueden ser silentes y que requieren de una investigación activa para llegar a su diagnóstico en edad pediátrica.
El objetivo principal de esta tesis es estimar la prevalencia de dichas enfermedades en los pacientes con riesgo de presentarlas, así como evaluar las características densitométricas de los mismos, tanto la cantidad ósea mediante Densidad Mineral Ósea, como la calidad ósea mediante Trabecular Bone Score. Los objetivos secundarios han sido describir las características clínicas de esta población y comparar los hallazgos densitométricos con los de población sana sin factores de riesgo.
Se incluyeron 103 pacientes con edades comprendidas entre los 2 y los 20 años de edad. Todos ellos con al menos un factor de riesgo: entre los más prevalentes la presencia de un diagnóstico potencialmente osteopenizante y la ingesta inadecuada de calcio. Entre el 6 y el 10% de la muestra presentaba BMOec, que variaba según la región de interés estudiada y el ajuste de talla. Cinco sujetos presentaban criterios de OPi por presencia de fracturas vertebrales, en 4 de ellos las fracturas fueron silentes y descubiertas mediante técnicas de imagen. TBS resultó inferior en los sujetos con BMOec medida en cuerpo entero.
La DMO de adolescentes y jóvenes fue menor en población con factores de riesgo frente a la población sana de la misma edad y género. TBS fue menor en adolescentes y jóvenes femeninas pero mayor en el resto de grupos estudiados.<br>This doctoral thesis deals with Low Bone Mass for chronological age (LBMca) and infantile Osteoporosis (iOP), both can be asymptomatic and may require an extra effort to get to their diagnosis in pediatric age.
The main objective of this work is to estimate the prevalence of these diseases in patients at risk of presenting them, as well as to evaluate these patient’s densitometric characteristics, both quantity through Bone Mineral Density, and quality through Trabecular Bone Score. Secondary objectives include the description of the clinical characteristics of our sample, as well as the comparison of the densitometric findings with those of healthy peers without risk factors.
We included 103 patients aged between 2 and 20 years of age. All of them with at least one risk factor. The presence of a potentially osteopening diagnosis and the inadequate calcium intake that did not reach the daily recommendations were the most prevalent risks factors. Between 6 and 10% of the sample presented LBMca, which varied according to the regions of interest studied and the height adjustment. 5 subjects met iOP criteria for the presence of vertebral fractures. In 4 of them, these fractures were silent and were localized by imaging techniques. TBS was lower in subjects with LBMca measured in the whole body region.
Adolescents and young people BMD was lower in the population with risk factors compared to the healthy population of the same age and gender. TBS was lower in adolescents and young women but higher in the rest of the groups.
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Wilson, Aubrie. "Osteoporosis." Online version, 2009. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2009/2009wilsona.pdf.
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Misner, Scottie. "Osteoporosis." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/146661.
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4 pp.<br>Originally published: 2000<br>Osteoporosis means "porous bones." it is a condition where the skeleton becomes fragile and results in broken bones under normal use. Osteoporosis is a "silent" condition that happens slowly over years. This publication discusses the symptoms and the risk factors of osteoporosis, as well as how to prevent it.
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Misner, Scottie, and Vanessa A. Farrell. "Osteoporosis." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625576.
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4 p. / Originally published: 2000.<br>Osteoporosis means “porous bones.” It is a condition where the skeleton becomes fragile and results in broken bones under normal use. Osteoporosis is a “silent” condition that happens slowly over years. The rate of bone loss (“resorption”) exceeds the rate of new bone formation (“acretion”). Many times neither a person nor a doctor is aware of weakened bones until one breaks unexpectedly.
Originally published: 2000
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Torremadé, Barreda José. "Efectos del tratamiento con testosterona en la densidad mineral ósea y la composición corporal en hombres con Síndrome de Déficit de Testosterona." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/399732.
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ANTECEDENTES DEL TEMA: El síndrome de déficit de testosterona (SDT) es un síndrome clínico y bioquímico asociado a la edad que se caracteriza por unos síntomas sugestivos de déficit de testosterona y una disminución de los niveles de testosterona sérica. La disminución de la densidad mineral ósea, la disminución de la masa magra y el aumento de la masa grasa, asociado a la edad avanzada, puede acentuarse por el efecto concomitante del déficit de testosterona, ya sea por hipogonadismo primario, secundario o por un SDT. Se conocen los efectos beneficiosos en la esfera sexual del tratamiento sustitutivo con testosterona en el SDT pero existe poca evidencia de sus efectos sobre la densidad mineral ósea y la composición corporal.
HIPÓTESIS: Cuando los pacientes con SDT son tratados con testosterona deberían producirse aumentos en la densidad mineral ósea y la masa magra, y una disminución de la masa grasa.
OBJETIVO: Evaluar la seguridad y eficacia del tratamiento con testosterona y los cambios inducidos en la composición corporal y la densidad mineral ósea del los pacientes con SDT.
METODOLOGÍA: Estudio prospectivo, observacional, abierto y no randomizado, realizado en 50 varones de 50-65 años con SDT (Aging Males Symptoms Scale [AMS]>26 y testosterona libre calculada [cFT] < 250 pmol/l) se les administró diariamente 50mg diarios de testosterona en gel durante un año. En el segundo año, los pacientes recibieron 1000mg de undecanoato de testosterona cada 2-3 meses. Se determinaron parámetros clínicos, bioquímicos, testosterona total, proteína transportadora de hormonas sexuales (SHBG), cFT, cambios en AMS, Índice Internacional de Síntomas Prostáticos (IPSS), cambios en la densidad mineral ósea y la composición corporal medidas por dual-x-ray-absorptiometry.
RESULTADOS: No se objetivaron cambios clínicamente significativos en parámetros de seguridad clínica y analítica. Se objetivaron incrementos en las
concentraciones de testosterona total, cFT y puntuación del AMS a partir de los 3 meses (p<0.001). La densidad mineral ósea mejoró significativamente en la columna vertebral lumbar L2-L4 (2.9 i 4.5%), en el fémur total (0.74 y 3%) y en el trocánter (1.09 y 3.2%) a los 12 y 24 meses respectivamente. La masa magra aumentó en un 2.35% a los 12 meses y en un 4.5% a los 24 meses, pero proporcionalmente el aumento fue superior en los brazos y piernas que en el tronco. La masa grasa disminuyó en un 4.2% a los 12 meses y en un 9.1% a los 24 meses.
CONCLUSIONES: El tratamiento sustitutivo con testosterona en hombres con SDT induce mejorías en la densidad mineral ósea de la columna lumbar y la cadera. El tratamiento sustitutivo con testosterona en hombres con SDT induce cambios en la composición corporal, aumentando la masa magra y disminuyendo la masa grasa. El tratamiento sustitutivo con testosterona en hombres con SDT induce asimismo una mejoría sintomática según AMS score y tiene un excelente perfil de seguridad.<br>OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the safety of testosterone treatment and its efficacy on bone mineral density and body composition in males with testosterone deficiency syndrome (TDS) over 24 months.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: This prospective, non-randomized, open-label, long-term follow up study evaluated the safety and efficacy of testosterone treament in men with TDS. 50 males aged 50–65 years with TDS (Aging Males Symptoms Scale [AMS] >26 and calculated free testosterone [cFT] <250 pmol/l) were administered 50mg testosterone gel daily for one year. During the second year, patients received 1000mg of testosterone undecanoate every 2–3 months. Outcome measures were clinical chemistry values and total testosterone; SHBG and cFT, changes in AMS and IPSS; and changes in bone mineral density and body composition measured by dual-energy-x-ray absorptiometry.
RESULTS: There were no clinically significant changes in clinical chemistry safety parameters. There were significant improvements in both total and cFT and in AMS scores after 3 months (p<0.001). Bone mineral density improved significantly in L2-L4 (2.90% and 4,5%), total femur (0,74% and 3%) and trochanter (1.09% and 3.2%) at 12 and 24 months. Lean mass increased 2.35% at 12 months and 4.5% at 24 months, but proportionally more muscle mass was gained in arms and legs than in the trunk. Fat mass decreased 4.2% at 12 months and 9.1% at 24 months.
CONCLUSIONS: Testosterone treatment in males with TDS leads to significant improvement in lumbar spine and hip BMD. It leads to body changes affecting lean and fat mass with significant improvement in AMS scores.
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Taymouri, Farid. "Reference data for bone material strength index (BMSI) measured by impact microindentation." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/666868.
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Objetivo: La microindentación de impacto (MII) es una técnica que permite medir in vivo la resistencia tisular mecánica ósea. Se ha demostrado que la MII proporciona información útil sobre la evaluación de enfermedades esqueléticas, pero se desconoce el efecto que la edad puede ejercer sobre la propiedad ósea medida. El objetivo del estudio es analizar la relación entre la edad y la MII.
Material y métodos: El índice de Resistencia Mineral Ósea (BMSi), la variable de medición de MII, se midió en 69 mujeres (mediana de edad: 49 años; rango: 30-81 años) y 19 varones (mediana de edad: 34 años; rango: 24-98 años) sanos. La correlación entre BMSi y la edad se analizó mediante regresión lineal. La asociación entre BMSi y edad se evaluó mediante ANOVA tras ajustar por el índice de masa corporal. El posible efecto de depleción estrogénica postmenopáusica sobre el BMSi se estudió comparando el subgrupo de mujeres más jóvenes con las más mayores mediante la prueba t de Student.
Resultados: Los análisis de regresión lineal mostraron que la BMSi no se correlaciona con la edad en varones (R2=0,0016, p=0,74) ni en mujeres (R'=0,076, p=0,25). Asimismo, el análisis ajustado de ANOVA no demostró asociación entre la BMSi y la edad ni en varones (p=0,78) ni en mujeres (p=0,73). Finalmente, no se encontraron diferencias entre la BMSi entre las mujeres más jóvenes y las mayores (p=0,8). Conclusiones: La resistencia tisular mecánica ósea en individuos sanos es independiente a la edad y a la depleción estrogénica postmenopáusica.<br>Objective: Impact microindentation (IMI) is a technique that allows the measurement of mechanicalbone tissue resistance in vivo. IMI has proven to provide useful information on the evaluation of skeletal diseases, but the effect of age on the bone property that is measured by this technique is unknown. This study aims to analyzethe relationship between age and MIH.
Material and methods: Bone Material Strength index (BMSi), IMI's output variable, was measured in 69 healthy women (median age: 49 years, range: 30-81 years) and 19 healthy men (median age: 34 years, range: 24-98 years). The correlation between BMSi and age was analyzed by linear regression. The association between BMSi and age was evaluated by ANOVA after adjusting for body mass index. The potential effect of postmenopausal estrogenic depletion on BMSi was studied by comparing the younger vs the older subset of women through a t-student test.
Results: Linear regression analysis showed that BMSi was not correlated with age in either men (R'=0.0016, p=0.74) or women (R'=0.076, p=0.25). Similarly, the BMI-adjusted ANOVA model revealed a lack of association of BMSi with age in men (p=0.78) and women (p=0.73). Finally, there were not significant differences on BMSi detected between the younger and the older subset of women (p=0.8).
Conclusions: Bone tissue mechanical resistance in healthy individuals is independent of age and postmenopausal estrogenic depletion.
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Vanhook, Patricia M., Lynne M. Dunphy, T. South, L. Plank, and C. Luskin. "Osteoarthritis and Osteoporosis." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7411.
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Book Summary: Serves the needs of advanced practice nurses because it’s written by nurse practitioners for nurse practitioners, in collaboration with a physician. Organizes content around the Circle of Caring framework for nursing-based knowledge and holistic care. Explores complementary and alternative treatments for each disorder. Covers the broadest range of human disease and disorders using a systems-based approach, presenting both common complaints and common problems to help students narrow down the possible differentials to the most likely diagnosis. Considers interactions of pharmaceuticals with alternative medications and nutraceuticals. Features coverage of pathophysiology and diagnostic reasoning as well as up-to-date guidance on laboratory and diagnostic tests. Emphasizes evidence-based practice with information on evidence levels and more references to primary studies. Integrates discussions of health policy and primary care throughout the text.
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Hellström, Hans-Olov. "Bone and aluminium /." Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Universitetsbiblioteket [distributör], 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-8181.
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Trojefors, Gustav, and Morris Jegust. "Sjuksköterskans omvårdnadsåtgärder för patienter med osteoporos." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för hälsa och välfärd, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-38640.
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Osteoporosis is a very common disease which causes suffering for the patient with reduced quality of life and increased mortality as a result. With an increasing lifespan of the global population, the incidence of osteoporosis also increases. The costs for society are huge, and are estimated to rise further if the care for patients remain unchanged. The knowledge among nurses about nursing interventions when it comes to osteoporosis is limited, and this gap needs to be filled to improve the nursing care. In order to contribute to this, the purpose of this study was to describe nurse’s interventions for patients with osteoporosis. The study was conducted as a literature study and the analysis inspired by content analysis. The literature study’s result highlights and describes nursing interventions the nurse can use in the care of patients with osteoporosis. Factors limiting the nurse’s implementation also emerges. By using education, counselling, assessment and physical activity osteoporosis can be prevented and counteracted. Further research surrounding nurse’s interventions for patients with osteoporosis is considered necessary.<br>Osteoporos är en mycket vanlig sjukdom och medför ett lidande för patienten, med minskad livskvalitet och ökad mortalitet som följd. I takt med att den globala befolkningen blir äldre, växer också antalet som drabbas av osteoporos. Kostnaderna för samhället är stora, och bedöms växa i framtiden om inte vården för patienter med osteoporos förändras. Kunskapen bland sjuksköterskor kring omvårdnadsåtgärder vid osteoporos är begränsad och detta behov behöver kompletteras för att omvårdnaden ska förbättras. För att bidra till detta var syftet med denna studie att beskriva sjuksköterskans omvårdnadsåtgärder för patienter med osteoporos. Studien genomfördes som en litteraturstudie med inspiration av innehållsanalys. I litteraturstudiens resultat synliggörs och beskrivs omvårdnadsåtgärder sjuksköterskan har till sitt förfogande i omvårdnadsarbetet för patienter med osteoporos. Även faktorer som begränsar sjuksköterskan i implementeringen av omvårdnadsåtgärder framkommer. Genom att nyttja bland annat utbildning, rådgivning, bedömning och fysisk aktivitet kan osteoporos förebyggas och motverkas. Det anses att mer forskning behövs kring sjuksköterskans omvårdnadsåtgärder för patienter med osteoporos.
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Borgström, Fredrik. "Health economics of osteoporosis /." Stockholm, 2006. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2006/91-7140-781-2/.
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Duncan, Emma. "The genetics of osteoporosis." Thesis, Open University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.394799.
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Mandourah, A. Y. "Circulating microRNAs in osteoporosis." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2017. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3012228/.
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Osteoporosis is the most common age-related bone disease. It is clinically symptomless until the first fracture happens and once diagnosed it is often found to be associated with low bone mineral density (LBMD) of T-Score ≤ -2.5. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been used successfully as promising biomarkers to diagnose and assess the progression of complex diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular diseases, as well as the effectiveness of treatment. This research aims to identify circulatory miRNAs associated with the progression of osteoporosis in a test group of patients using advanced PCR arrays initially and the identified differentially-expressed miRNAs were validated in individual clinical specimens using RT-qPCR. The potential target genes were analyzed using bioinformatics tools. Ethical approval was obtained prior to patient recruitment. A total of 161 participants were recruited and assigned to five groups: Non-Osteoporosis control group (T-Score ≥-1), osteopenia (T-Score < -1 and > -2.5 SD), osteopenia with fracture (T-Score <-1 and >-2.5 SD), osteoporosis (T-Score ≤ -2.5 SD) and osteoporosis with fracture (T-Score ≤ -2.5 SD). RNAs were extracted and analyzed from all serum and plasma samples. A panel of 49 differentially expressed miRNAs (up or down by > 3 fold) between osteopenia and osteoporosis patient groups was identified using a miRNA PCR Array. Six miRNAs: miR-215-5p, miR-99a-5p, miR-100, miR-373-5p, miR-4516 and miR-122-5P, were significantly differentially-expressed between osteoporosis and osteopenia patients by initial RT-qPCR screening. Further analysis showed that the levels of circulating miRNAs: hsa-miR-373-5p, hsa-miR-122-5p and hsa-miR-215-5p and plasma hsa-4516 were associated with fragility fracture, and correlated with low bone mineral density. The results suggest that these miRNAs could be potential diagnostic biomarkers for osteoporosis in the future. Potential target genes of these miRNAs were also analyzed using bioinformatics tools. The project demonstrated that circulating miRNAs can be purified from serum and plasma and could be developed as critical diagnostic tools for osteoporosis.
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Kalla, Asgar Ali. "Osteoporosis in rheumatoid arthritis." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26297.
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The literature is replete with reports of osteoporosis in rheumatoid arthritis, but the mechanism of bone loss remains obscure. This is probably due to the overlap with bone loss of aging and the menopause, whose exact mechanisms are also poorly understood. Against this background, a study was designed to evaluate generalised bone loss in young, premenopausal (if female), patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The protocol was designed to record demographic data, as well as information pertaining to the disease. Cortical bone mass was measured at the metacarpals and left femur, using an automated, computer-controlled technique. Trabecular bone was evaluated at the left femur (Singh index) as well as at the 3rd lumbar vertebra (Saville index). Bone kinetics were studied by the measurement of urinary excretion of calcium, phosphate and hydroxy-praline (resorption) and serum alkaline phosphatase (formation). Disease activity was measured clinically and with laboratory indices. Physical activity was indirectly measured by quantitating the disability, using the Keitel function test as well as a modified health assessment questionnaire (HAQ). The radiograph of the right wrist was scored by the Larsen index. The carpometacarpal ratio was also calculated from the radiograph. Numerous statistical techniques were applied in the analysis of the data. Healthy volunteers were used as controls. Patients with SLE were also studied, in order to compare the 2 inflammatory diseases. Patients with RA had generalised cortical bone loss (metacarpal and femur) (p < 0.001). Trabecular bone measurements were not significantly different from normals, using the crude radiographic techniques. Duration of disease was the most important clinical determinant of this bone loss. The relative contributions of disease activity and lack of physical activity to the loss of bone could not be adequately separated using conventional statistical techniques. Corticosteroid therapy did not promote metacarpal bone loss in these subjects, but may have contributed to thinning of the femoral cortex. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and disease modifying agents did not seem to influence the extent of the bone loss. Nutritional status and skinfold thickness did not correlate with bone mass. Dietary factors played no role in the genesis of bone loss, but may have had some effect on disease activity. Metacarpal measurements showed a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 85% in discriminating between osteopaenic and normopaenic groups with RA. Osteopaenia could not be adequately predicted in the absence of metacarpal measurements. Metacarpal bone loss in RA was due to endosteal resorption, while in SLE it was due to periosteal resorption. The semi-automatic technique for measurement of metacarpal bone mass showed good reproducibility among 5 observers and at 2 different centres. The pathogenesis of bone loss in RA was multifactorial, the largest contribution probably coming from a humoral factor in the circulation, closely related to disease activity. Ionised calcium was elevated in 55% of RA patients, but only 5% of SLE patients. Serum PTH levels were normal in 99% of the RA subjects. Elevations in alkaline phosphatase. (25%) probably reflected disease activity rather than increased bone formation. Factor analysis of 27 variables showed that disease activity was central to the development of OP in RA. CS therapy tended to be used in the presence of active disease. Disability was not an important determinant of bone loss in RA, but may be a useful measure of activity of the disease. This study did not evaluate the relationships with sex hormonal status or vitamin D metabolism. Future research should aim at cohort analysis at 2 different periods, in order to improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of bone loss in RA.
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Au, Wing-mui Andes. "Identifying women at risk of osteoporosis using osteoporosis self assessment tool for Asians /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B38295805.
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Au, Wing-mui Andes, and 區詠梅. "Identifying women at risk of osteoporosis using osteoporosis self assessment tool for Asians." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45012027.
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Ugarte, Corbalán Laura de 1988. "The regulatory roles of MicroRNAs in bone remodeling and osteoporosis." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/565403.
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In bone field, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been described as key factors regulating bone formation, remodeling, and homeostasis. The identification of miRNAs involved in skeletal function will be essential to the development of miRNA-based therapeutic strategies for bone disorders. As with other regulatory molecules, miRNAs are frequently subject to change during the development of human diseases. In this regard, we identified a subset of miRNAs with altered expression in osteoporotic bone and demonstrate the functional involvement of some of those miRNAs in the regulation of bone formation and the pathways regulating the progression of osteoporosis. We also have depicted an overview of miRNAs in the human bone tissue and in primary bone cells. Furthermore, we have identified genetic variants in human osteoblast-related miRNAs associated with bone mineral density and this association was functionally demonstrated in bone and osteoblast samples. This work has provided evidences of the marked complexity behind this regulatory system and opens novel prospect for research and therapy.<br>En l’àmbit de l’estudi de l’òs, els microRNAs (miRNAs) han estat descrits com factors claus en la regulació de la formació, remodelatge i homeòstasis de l’ òs. La identificació de miRNAs implicats en la funció esquelètica és imprescindible pel desenvolupament de noves estratègies terapèutiques, basades en miRNAs, dirigides al tractament de malalties òssies. Com en el cas d’altres molècules reguladores, els miRNAs poden patir modificacions durant el desenvolupament de malalties humanes. En aquest sentit, hem identificat un grup de miRNAs amb una expressió alterada en l’òs osteoporòtic i hem demostrat la implicació funcional d’algun d’aquests miRNAs en la regulació de la formació òssia i els mecanismes pels quals es produiria l’osteoporosi. Alhora, també hem ofert una visió general dels miRNAs presents en el teixit ossi humà i en les cèl·lules òssies. També hem identificat variants genètiques dins de les seqüències de miRNAs expressats en osteoblasts, que han estat associades amb la densitat mineral òssia. A més a més, aquesta associació ha estat funcionalment demostrada en òs i osteoblasts. Aquest treball reflexa l’elevada complexitat que hi ha darrera del sistema regulador per miRNAs i obre nous camins per la recerca i la teràpia.
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Adolfsson, Lotta, and Ann-Katrine Lunding. "VARFÖR OSTEOPOROS?" Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-24781.
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Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka olika metoder som kan förebygga osteoporos samt att granska sjuksköterskans undervisande roll i samband med prevention. Metoden är en litteraturstudie. Tio vetenskapliga artiklar granskades och analysen resulterade i följande teman: kostens betydelse, motionens inverkan för att förebygga osteoporos, preventionsprogram och sjuksköterskans undervisande roll. Resultatet visar att prevention av osteoporos lönar sig men att det är svårt att nå ut med information till den aktuella målgruppen. Det framkommer även att sjuksköterskan är i en god position för att informera patienten om preventionens innebörd och dess tillvägagångssätt.<br>The purpose of this study is to research different methods that can be used to prevent osteoporosis and review the nurses` teaching roll in connection with prevention. Method is a literature review. Ten scientific articles were reviewed and analyzed which resulted in the following themes: the importance of food, exercise’s effect to prevent osteoporosis, prevention program and the nurses´ teaching roll. The results demonstrate that the prevention of osteoporosis is effective but it is often difficult to convey the information to the desired target group. In conclusion nurses are in a good position to inform patients regarding the meaning of prevention methods and its procedure.
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Ormarsdóttir, Sif. "Osteoporosis in chronic liver disease." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Medical Sciences, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-660.
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<p>Ormarsdóttir, S. 2001. Osteoporosis in Chronic Liver Disease. Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. <i>Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Medicine</i> 1037. 60 pp. Uppsala. ISBN 91-554-5021-0. </p><p>Osteoporosis is a well-known and frequently reported complication of chronic liver disease (CLD) with a high fracture rate contributing to significant morbidity after liver transplantation. The pathogenesis is unknown and controversy exists about many risk factors for osteoporosis in CLD. </p><p>In the present thesis, bone mineral density (BMD) was found to be significantly lower at the lumbar spine (<i>p</i><0.01) in a cohort of patients with CLD compared with age- and gender -matched individuals. Osteoporosis was found in 30% of the patients and 15% of the controls, respectively. Low body mass index (BMI), corticosteroid treatment, prothrombin time, age and female gender were independent risk factors for osteoporosis in the patients. </p><p>In a follow-up study, 43 of 72 patients were available for a second BMD measurement 25 months (median) after the first. Bone loss at the femoral neck was 1.5 ± 2.4% in females and 2.9 ± 2.0% in males with a significant decrease in BMD Z-score over time (<i>p</i>=0.005 and <i>p</i>=0.02 for females and males, respectively), indicating increased bone loss at this site. Hyperbilirubinaemia and low circulating levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D<sub>3</sub> predicted increased bone loss at the femoral neck. These findings suggest that cortical bone, in addition to trabecular bone, may be affected in CLD and bilirubin and vitamin D<sub>3</sub> may be involved in the pathophysiology of osteoporosis in CLD. </p><p>In order to elucidate the suggested role of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and leptin in the pathophysiology of osteoporosis in CLD, we studied the relationship between these factors and BMD. Levels of IGFs were extremely low (<i>p</i><0.0001 compared with the controls) and related to liver function but no correlation was found between the IGFs and BMD. Serum leptin adjusted for BMI correlated negatively with BMD in female patients (<i>p</i>=0.003 and <i>p</i>=0.04 at the lumbar spine and the femoral neck, respectively) and in male patients at the femoral neck (<i>p</i>=0.04). Thus, the IGFs appear not to be involved in the pathophysiology of osteoporosis in CLD but a role of circulating leptin is possible. </p>
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Wilson, Sandra. "Medullary bone and avian osteoporosis." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/27065.
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Medullary bone is a type of woven bone birds produce in response to oestrogen. It acts as a mineral reservoir for the calcium demands of egg shell formation. The morphology and distribution of medullary bone in the modern laying hen at different stages in its life was investigated are described. Modern commercial laying hens suffer from osteoporosis (structural bone loss), leading to bone fractures. The association between structural bone loss and medullary bone modelling and remodelling was investigated in three further studies. Bone samples were processed for examination with light microscopy and ultrastructurally. Histomorphometric techniques were used to quantify cancellous, cortical, and medullary bone volumes in undecalcified sections of samples collected from three studies. In the first of these studies, female fowl were killed either during ovarian follicular development, after laying a single egg, or half way through the laying cycle. Structural bone volume decreased significantly during both medullary bone modelling and subsequent remodelling. Medullary bone volume increased significantly during the same period. In the second study, medullary bone modelling was induced in male fowl by the administration of oestrogen, and prevented in female fowl by tamoxifen. Oestradiol-treated males had significantly lower structural bone volumes than control males, while tamoxifen-treated females had significantly higher structural bone volumes than control females. The final study determined the effects of the bisphosphonate alendronate on the structural bone loss associated with medullary bone modelling and remodelling. Alendronate administered before follicular development resulted in significantly greater structural bone volumes both at the onset of lay and at mid-lay than in vehicle-treated controls.
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Ormarsdóttir, Sif. "Osteoporosis in chronic liver disease /." Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2001. http://publications.uu.se/theses/91-554-5021-0/.
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Middleton, Edward Thomas. "The treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis." Thesis, University of Hull, 2008. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:2181.
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Osteoporosis is a skeletal condition in which bone strength is compromised leading to a propensity to fragility fractures. Osteoporotic fractures have significant consequences for both the individual, due to the resulting morbidity and mortality, and for society in terms of resource implications. Fortunately, in recent years there have been an increasing number of treatments available. This thesis aims to investigate current topical areas regarding the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Keen, Richard William. "Genetic epidemiology of postmenopausal osteoporosis." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2000. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/genetic-epidemiology-of-postmenopausal-osteoporosis(15d66e32-f0bb-4b51-9e82-60646699d319).html.
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Mansell, Jason Peter. "The collagenous matrix in osteoporosis." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282570.
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Jönsson, Linnéa, and Arvering Ida Fredriksson. "Sjuksköterskans preventiva arbete för att förebygga osteoporos hos kvinnor." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-10549.
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Bakgrund: Osteoporos är en sjukdom som cirka varannan kvinna riskerar att drabbas av under sin livstid, störst risk inträder efter klimakteriet. Oftast upptäcks inte sjukdomen förrän fraktur uppstått eftersom det kan gå flera år utan att symtom uppstår. Det finns flera sätt att preventivt kunna förebygga osteoporos men något utarbetat verktyg för att upptäcka sjukdomen finns idag inte. Utredningen påbörjas först när patienten upplever smärttillstånd som inte är relaterat till olyckor. Syfte: Syftet är att belysa sjuksköterskans preventiva arbete för att förebygga osteoporos hos kvinnor. Metod:En allmän litteraturstudie som grundar sig på nio stycken kvalitativa och kvantitativa artiklar. Efter gängse urvalsförfarande har artiklarna analyserats och sammanställts. Resultat: Tre kategorier uppdagades: synsätt och kunskapssyn, identifiering och stödjande samtal, rådgivning och information. Dessa kategorier visade sig fungera som ett kedjeförlopp och är beroende av varandra där ingen del kunde uteslutas i det preventiva arbetet. I första kategorin framkom det att utbildning ger ett positivare synsätt och viljan att arbeta preventivt ökade. Den andra kategorin visade att utbildning var en viktig faktor för att som sjukskötereska kunna identifiera personer med risk för osteoporos. I den tredje kategorin uppdagades att sjuksköterskan har en viktig roll i rådgivning och stöd för patienterna så att relevant information ges. Slutsats: Det uppdagades vara komplext att som sjuksköterska arbeta preventivt för att förebygga osteoporos hos kvinnor. Det går inte att särskilja de tre kategorierna till fullo, då de är sammanflätade. Det behövs till exempel ett positivt synsätt för att sjuksköterskan skall kunna identifiera kvinnor med risk för osteoporos som sedan leder till rådgivning och stöd.<br>Background: Osteoporosis is a disease that about every other woman is at risk getting during lifetime, the greatest risk occurs after menopause. Often the disease is not found until fracture arises as it can go years without symptoms occur. There are several ways to prevent osteoporosis but a developed tool to detect the disease does not exist at this moment. The investigation starts when the patient is experiencing pain that is not related to accidents. Aim: The aim of this essay is to highlight the preventive steps that nurses can take to prevent osteoporosis in women. Method: A general literature study based on nine qualitative and quantitative articles. Articles reviewed for quality and then analyzed and consolidated. Results: Three categories were discovered: cognitive approach, identification, and counseling. These categories proved to serve as a chain sequence and interdependence of which no part could be excluded in the preventive work. In the first category, it appeared that education provides a more positive approach and willingness to work preventively increased. The second category showed that education was an important factor as a nurse to be able to identify those at risk for osteoporosis. The third category revealed that the nurse has an important role in counseling and support for patients so that relevant information is provided. Conclusion: It was found to be complex for the nurse to work preventively in able to prevent osteoporosis in women. It is not possible to separate the three categories, as they are intertwined. Nurses need a positive outlook to identify women at risk of osteoporosis which then leads to counseling and support.
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Bustamante, Malaver Dora Socorro. "Validez del cuestionario mores (male osteoporosis risk estimation score) en el tamizaje de osteoporosis masculina en clínica del reumatismo y osteoporosis Lima-marzo-mayo 2014." Doctoral thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2015. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/4487.
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Objetivo: Evaluar la validez del Cuestionario MORES (Male Osteoporosis Risk Estimation Score-MORES) en el tamizaje de osteoporosis masculina teniendo como examen de referencia a la densitometría ósea. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, análitico, prospectivo y correlacional en 100 pacientes con densitometría ósea agrupados en: 50 con osteoporosis y 50 sin osteoporosis. Se les realizó un examen físico y aplicó el cuestionario MORES. Se obtuvo el consentimiento informado, luego se elaboró una base informática en el programa SPSS.21 y se realizó un análisis estadístico descriptivo, prueba de correlación de Pearson, curva ROC y tabla de doble entrada para obtener la sensibilidad-especificidad. Se obtuvo las pruebas del chi cuadrado y
T de Student con significancia estadística p<0.05. Resultados: La edad media de los varones estudiados fue mayor en los que tenían osteoporosis (65.58±11.08 vs. 57.38±7.85 años respectivamente). El sedentarismo, consumo excesivo de café y la inmovilización prolongada resultaron ser factores de riesgo para osteoporosis masculina (p<0.001) y tabaquismo (p<0.05), 96% eran osteoporosis primaria y 8% osteoporosis grave. La sensibilidad del cuestionario de MORES para tamizaje de osteoporosis masculina fue del 96%, especificidad del 88%, valor predictivo positivo de 89% y valor predictivo negativo de 96%. correlación de Pearson (r=0.843) y área bajo la curva ROC de 0.980 Conclusiones: El cuestionario MORES es válido para el tamizaje de la
osteopenia/osteoporosis para la población masculina mestiza mayor de 50 años.<br>Tesis
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Miles, Lisa Jane. "Genetic control of susceptibility to Osteoporosis." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.510186.
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Jamal-Allial, Aziza Abudlah. "Survey of Saudi Arabian physicians observed use by postmenopausal females of nutrition, lifestyle changes and medication prescriptions for osteoporosis prevention and treatment /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1422934.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2004.<br>"Master of Science in Nutritional Science with minor in Statistics"--T.p. Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 127-146). Also available on the Internet.
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Gholami, Behjat. "Functional analyses of candidate genes for osteoporosis : RUNX2 and LRP5 interplay during differentiation of the hFOB human osteoblast cell line." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/471516.
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Osteoporosis is a general skeletal disorder. It is characterized by a low bone mass and a microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue, which increase bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture. LRP5 is a widely expressed member of the low-density lipoprotein receptor superfamily, which acts as a co-receptor for Wnt. Wnt/β-catenin signaling plays an important role in the development and maintenance of many organs and tissues, among others bone. In bone, LRP5 is expressed by osteoblasts and not by osteoclasts; however, little is known about its regulation. Genetic studies show that LRP5 has a major influence on BMD. Loss-of-function mutations in the LRP5 gene cause osteoporosis pseudoglioma syndrome (OPPG) and Gain-of-function mutations in the LRP5 gene cause high bone mass phenotype, an autosomal dominant condition of increased BMD. RUNX2 is a member of the Runt family of transcription factors with a major role in the control of osteoblast commitment and differentiation, whose expression is necessary for the regulation of skeletal genes. Mutations in the RUNX2 locus in human cause cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD), which is an autosomal-dominant condition. Skeletons from homozygous Runx2 -/- (knock out) mice showed complete lack of Ossification. The DNA-binding sites of Runx2 in major bone matrix protein genes, including Col1a1; Col1a2; Spp1; Ibsp/BSP; Bglap2; Fn1/fibronectin; Mmp13, and Tnfrsf11b/Opg, have been identified, and Runx2 induced the expression of these genes or activated their promoters in vitro. Until recently, RUNX2 and LRP5 had not been directly connected. Studies have revealed the presence of five RUNX2 binding sites within a 2.9 kb region upstream of LRP5 and documented the binding of RUNX2 to these sites in vitro. To further explore this relationship in vivo, in this thesis, an osteoblast differentiation protocol using the hFOB cell line was employed. Transcriptional levels of RUNX2 and LRP5, together with OCN, SOST and ALP were evaluated along 21 days of differentiation in 5 stages. RUNX2 and LRP5 proteins were evaluated along 21 days of differentiation. RUNX2 occupancy of the 5 binding sites on the LRP5 promoter, chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were performed at 3 time-points during hFOB differentiation. Osteoblast differentiation model based on the hFOB displayed characteristic osteoblastic markers of mineralization and alkaline phosphatase activity.
Expression of LRP5, RUNX2 and also ALP, SOST and OCN was observed in hFOB cell line. RUNX2 showed steady increase reaching a maximum of 4-fold at day 14. All the other genes analyzed showed a peak at day 3, more than 5-fold for SOST and above 4-fold for ALP. OCN and SOST showed a clear decrease after day 3, while ALP showed a slow decrease, and LRP5 maintained relatively similar mRNA levels. Both RUNX2 and LRP5 proteins were detected in hFOB at day 0, 3 and 7. Low levels of LRP5 were also observed at day 14. Overall, the protein levels of both RUNX2 and LRP5 decrease during differentiation of hFOB cell lines. Binding of RUNX2 transcription factor to the promoters of the CDKN1A and SERPINE1 genes was observed in day 7. And RUNX2 binding to CDKN1A and SERPINE1 promoters in hFOB cells was described for the first time. Subsequently, binding of RUNX2 to the five RUNX2 elements in the LRP5 promoter was assessed in chromatin from undifferentiated (day 0) and differentiated (days 7 and 21) hFOB cells. Binding at all five sites was observed at day 7 (above 3-fold enrichment in all cases), while it was negligible at days 0 and 21. No acceptable correlation was observed between RUNX2 binding and LRP5 expression, which leaves the functional effect of RUNX2 binding to the LRP5 promoter as an unsolved question.<br>L'osteoporosi es caracteritza per una baixa massa òssia i un deteriorament de la microarquitectura del teixit ossi. LRP5 és un membre de la superfamília de receptors de lipoproteïnes de baixa densitat, que actua com a co-receptor de la via de Wnt. LRP5 té una gran influència en la densitat mineral òssia. Runx2 és un membre de la família de factors de transcripció Runt amb un paper essencial en el control de la determinació i la diferenciació dels osteoblasts. La seva expressió és necessària per a la regulació dels gens de l'esquelet. Fins fa poc, Runx2 i LRP5 no havien estat connectats directament. Estudis recents han revelat la presència de cinc llocs d'unió de Runx2 en una regió de 2,9 kb upstream de LRP5 i s’ha documentat la unió de Runx2 a aquests llocs in vitro.
Per explorar aquesta relació in vivo, en aquesta tesi es va emprar un protocol de diferenciació d’osteoblasts utilitzant la línia cel·lular hFOB. Es van avaluar els nivells de transcripció de RUNX2 i LRP5, juntament amb els de OCN, SOST i ALP al llarg de 21 dies de diferenciació. També es va avaluar les proteïnes Runx2 i LRP5. Per provar la ocupació de Runx2 als 5 llocs d'unió del promotor de LRP5, es van realitzar assaigs d'immunoprecipitació de cromatina durant la diferenciació de les cèl·lules hFOB,
(dies 0, 7 i 21). Només es va observar unió en tots els cinc llocs en el dia 7, i no en els dies 0 i 21. La unió de Runx2 al promotor de LRP5 es descriu per primera vegada en aquesta tesi.
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Naujoks, Christel. "Awareness and knowledge of osteoporosis in Switzerland /." Sydney, 2005. http://www.public-health-edu.ch/new/Abstracts/NC_11.10.05.pdf.
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Yung, Ka-hung. "Genetic determinants of osteoporosis in Cooley's anemia." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31972263.
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Hsieh, Ching-Hsing. "Factors Influencing Osteoporosis Preventive Behavior Among Hakka." Diss., University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/22056.
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There are about 4000 new hip fracture patients in Taiwan each year, and osteoporosis is the number one cause for these fractures. But, there has been no research article related to osteoporosis preventive behavior among Hakim living in countryside in Taiwan. Therefore, the purposes of this study were to assess osteoporosis preventive behavior; to measure the relationship among factors influencing OPB; to measure a model of factors influencing OPB; and to predict the direct and indirect effects of personal and social factors on OPB among Hakka living in Taichung County in Taiwan.
The development of a theoretical model of factors influencing osteoporosis preventive behavior was based on the Social Cognitive Theory (Bandura, 1986, 1997, 2004) and the conceptual framework for addressing the social context of health behavior (Sorensen et al., 2003). According to the reviewed literature, the factors influencing osteoporosis preventive behavior include personal factors (age, educational level, self efficacy for calcium intake, self-efficacy for exercise, and knowledge of osteoporosis); and social factors (social support and social capital). The outcome variables are calcium intake and exercise.
This was a non-experimental, cross-sectional design. Convenience and snowball sampling were used in this study. In all, 243 participants were recruited. Path analysis was used to assess and modify the theoretical model and to test all the paths between exogenous variables and endogenous variables. The goodness-of-fit indicators ofthe final model showed that X2 was 26.99 with 21 degrees of freedom; the P-value for this model was .17; goodness-of-fit index (GFI) was .98; adjusted goodness-of-fit index (AGFI) was .95; normed fit index (NFI) was .96; non-normed fit index (NNFI) was .98; and comparative fit index (CFI) was .99. The results suggested that the final model fit the data well.
The final model demonstrated that the personal factors and environmental factors directly and indirectly influenced osteoporosis preventive behavior. It may provide guidance for the design of future nursing interventions, research and education related to osteoporosis prevention.
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Reid, IR(Ian Reginald). "Pathogenesis and treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/5505.
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Löfman, Owe. "Osteoporosis in women : epidemiological and diagnostic perspectives /." Linköping : Univ, 2002. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2002/med737s.pdf.
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Glover, Sarah Jane. "Treatments for Osteoporosis : Cellular and Biochemical Effects." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.500134.
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Yung, Ka-hung, and 翁家紅. "Genetic determinants of osteoporosis in Cooley's anemia." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31972263.
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Keegan, John. "Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis : minding the care gap." Thesis, University of Brighton, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.479078.
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Liu, Lin Li. "A non-invasive method of diagnosing osteoporosis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/14590.
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Riches, Philip Leonard. "Osteoprotegerin antibodies in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/19558.
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Osteoporosis is a common complication of many autoimmune diseases that is typically attributed to disease specific factors rather than a direct autoimmune process. This thesis arises from the investigation of a patient with severe high bone turnover osteoporosis who was identified as having autoimmune disease but whose osteoporosis deteriorated despite appropriate treatment. This presentation led to the hypothesis that neutralising autoantibodies to the bone protective cytokine osteoprotegerin (OPG) may have developed. Serum from the index patient, but not healthy controls, was able to immunoprecipitate recombinant OPG protein, demonstrating that OPG had become the target of an autoimmune response. Purified immunoglobulins from the index case were able to inhibit the function of OPG in vitro, by suppressing OPG-mediated inhibition of a luciferase reporter cell line. This represents the first description of disease associated with neutralising antibodies to OPG. Whilst the immunoprecipitation assay did identify OPG antibodies in further patients these results were difficult to quantify. A more robust enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for OPG antibodies was developed using OPG as a capture antigen, which allowed the screening of patient cohorts. Presence of OPG antibodies was defined as a titre greater than the mean plus three standard deviations of 101 healthy volunteers. A low prevalence of 14/864 (1.6%) was seen in a general population cohort and no association with bone density or turnover was seen. An association with higher vascular calcification score in this cohort requires replication. A prevalence of 37/315 (11.7%) was seen in an osteoporosis cohort though no association was seen with bone density or response to treatment. In a coeliac cohort OPG antibodies were identified in 14/282 (5.0%) patients and presence of antibody was independently associated with reduced spine bone density. Functional inhibition of OPG was shown in vitro in 3/14 (21.4%) of the positive cases. Case finding of osteoporosis in the coeliac cohort was not improved by identification of OPG antibodies. These results are consistent with OPG antibodies being pathological in a small number of patients with osteoporosis but a clinical utility of measuring OPG antibodies has not been established.
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Гортинська, Олена Миколаївна, Елена Николаевна Гортинская, Olena Mykolaivna Hortynska, and G. O. Logviniuk. "Bone repair in adult rats with osteoporosis." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2014. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/35795.
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The bone repair is a key point in modern medicine. The process of bone repair involves not only the injured bone tissue but also all surrounding tissues and leads changes in whole body. Also numerous pathology can affect the bone repair process and even leads a disregeneration. There are a lot of articles about the bone repair pathology in case of diabetis, other endocrine pathology, water and salts disbalance and so on. And one of principal disease that can affect bone healing process is a osteoporosis that is a pathology of calcium and phosphorus metabolism and leads the lost of bone density and decreasing its mechanical properties.
When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/35795
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Dastgheib, Alireza. "The role of genetic variation in osteoporosis." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/9972/.
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Hamdy, Ronald C., and E. Michael Lewiecki. "Osteoporosis (Oxford American Rheumatology Library), 1st Edition." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. http://amzn.com/0199927707.
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The book distills the available information on osteoporosis into an easily comprehensible format that serves as a practical guide for busy clinicians.
Contents:Definition & epidemiology -- Basic bone pathophysiology -- Bone densitometry -- Diagnosis -- Identifying patients at risk of fractures -- Non-pharmacologic management of osteopenia and osteoporosis -- Pharmacologic management of osteoporosis, part 1 -- Pharmacologic management of osteoporosis, part 2 -- Monitoring patients on treatment -- Vertebral augmentation procedures -- Corticosteroid-induced bone loss -- Primary hyperparathyroidism -- Premenopausal women -- Men -- Atypical femoral shaft fractures -- Osteonecrosis of the jaw -- Osteoporosis in children and adolescents.<br>https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu_books/1077/thumbnail.jpg
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Lyu, Quanxia. "Therapeutic potential of nucleic acid aptamers against sclerostin in the treatment of osteoporosis." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2017. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/431.
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Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease characterized with poor bone quality and low bone mineral density. The pathogenesis of osteoporosis is the imbalance of bone resorption and bone formation. Two strategies can be employed to cure osteoporosis. One is to inhibit bone resorption and the other is to stimulate bone formation. Currently, therapeutic drugs approved by FDA are mainly antiresorptive agents. Till now, there is only one bone anabolic agent approved. Obviously, more efforts should be poured into the development of bone anabolic agents. Sclerostin is a key negative regulator of osteoblast Wnt signaling making it a promising therapeutic target for bone anabolic therapy. Anti-sclerostin humanized monoclonal antibody romosozumab, which could effectively promote bone formation, has been accepted by the FDA for the review of biologic license application in 2017. However, there are several concerns about the humanized anti-sclerostin antibody, including immunogenicity, high cost of production and relative low stability. Nucleic acid aptamers are short single stranded oligonucleotides. They can bind to their targets with similar high affinity as antibodies. Moreover, aptamers have some superior advantages compared to antibodies, such as no immunogenicity, easily synthesized, and high stability. Aptamers against sclerostin could be a promising alternative to antibodies in terms of promotion of bone formation and reversal of osteoporosis. In this thesis, 20 rounds of SELEX were performed to select aptamers with high binding affinity and specificity to sclerostin. The inhibition potency of aptamer candidates to the antagonistic effect of sclerostin on Wnt signaling was also evaluated. Low KD and EC50 values of aptamer candidates against sclerostin implied a great potential of sclerostin aptamer being novel agents to promote bone formation. The study establishes the foundation for the next stage of preclinical studies and it will benefit the development of novel bone anabolic agents to reverse osteoporosis.
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Graeff, Christian [Verfasser]. "Bone Strength Surrogate Markers : Comprehensive assessment of osteoporosis and osteoporosis treatment in vivo using High-Resolution Computed Tomography / Christian Graeff." Aachen : Shaker, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1074088263/34.
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Aspray, Terence. "Osteoporosis : a study in a rural Gambian community." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.247840.
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Beatty, Barbara Eleanor. "Cognitive and behavioral effects of osteoporosis health education." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26782.
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The purpose of this study was to describe and evaluate a health education program provided primarily for older women who have or suspect they have osteoporosis. The health education program evaluated is provided by the Ostop Society of British Columbia (Ostop). One of the goals of the study was to provide Ostop with descriptive information about the organization's members, their participation in the organization's education program and their evaluation of the value of the information sources provided by the organization.
A second goal was to evaluate the relationships between variables which may explain how Ostop functions as a provider of osteoporosis health education. Bandura's social learning theory was used to provide a theoretical explanation of the Ostop education program, to identify study variables and to generate the research questions.
The variables that were expected to be related to the members' level of knowledge about osteoporosis were selected personal characteristics, the amount of participation in Ostop, and members' perceptions about the value of the different sources of information provided by Ostop. The same variables plus members' level of knowledge about osteoporosis were expected to be related to the level of participation in health behaviors believed to help prevent or slow the progression of osteoporosis.
The study sample consisted of 120 women members of Ostop, randomly selected from a membership list which contained the names of 261 women members of Ostop. All of the members included on the list lived close enough to Vancouver, British Columbia to attend the lecture series offered by Ostop. The study group is a random sample of Ostop members but may not accurately represent all women with or at risk of developing osteoporosis. Ostop is a special interest group which tends to attract as members well educated women with at least some prior awareness of and concern about the condition.
The data were collected by means of a mailed questionnaire which was developed for this study. The content of the questionnaire was based on the recent osteoporosis research literature, and the advice of a variety of content experts. Prior to conducting the study, the researcher pilot tested the questionnaire using nine Ostop members.
The descriptive information demonstrated that members are typically post-menopausal women in their sixties and seventies who have osteoporosis and who have an educational attainment of at least graduation from high school. The respondents were well-informed about osteoporosis and were more likely to practice health behaviors related to calcium intake than to perform the recommended amount of exercise. One important finding was that 66% of the respondents reported daily intakes of calcium which exceeded the highest recommended daily intake. This is of concern in light of research findings that excessive calcium intake is associated with the development of kidney stones in some women.
Regression analysis of the study variables demonstrated that: 1. the number of Ostop-provided information sources identified by respondents as being useful was positively and significantly (p≦.05) correlated with knowledge level. 2. Both age and menopause status were negatively and significantly (p≦.05) correlated with knowledge level. 3. The only variable which was correlated significantly (p≦.05) with the performance of osteoporosis-related health behavior was knowledge level. This was a weak positive correlation of .234.
These results suggest that Ostop’s present educational program may be helping women gain knowledge about osteoporosis and that having knowledge about osteoporosis is one factor which is associated with the practice of recommended health behavior. Social learning theory was used to explain the results and to suggest ways in which Ostop may be able to increase the effectiveness of its educational efforts. Suggestions were also made about other ways to provide osteoporosis health education and about directions for further research.<br>Education, Faculty of<br>Educational Studies (EDST), Department of<br>Graduate
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