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Journal articles on the topic 'Osteoporosis'
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Baccichetti, A., P. L. Nguyen-Thi, A. Blum, D. Mainard, F. Sirveaux, L. Nace, A. Valance, et al. "SAT0459 EVALUATION OF THE PREVALENCE AND THE MANAGEMENT OF OSTEOPOROTIC FRACTURES IN PATIENTS HOSPITALIZED AT NANCY UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL (FRANCE) IN 2017." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 1187.1–1187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.3366.
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Background:Osteoporotic fractures are a major public health concern because of their consequences in morbidity, costs and mortality. In the meantime, historically postfracture osteoporosis medication use rates have been poor.Objectives:The aim is to analyze the management of osteoporosis in patients hospitalized for osteoporotic fractures (OF) at Nancy University Hospital (France) in 2017.Methods:Total number of hospitalized patients and hospital stays were extracted by the Department of Medical Information (DIM) which selected departments with at least forty hospitalizations with Medical Unit Summary related to a diagnosis of fracture or osteoporosis. Hospitalizations not concerned by a recent OF were excluded. Data on fractures, patient characteristics, risk factors for OF and fall, management of osteoporosis, discharge status, stay duration, were studied from patient medical records. Prevalence of OF stays, management of osteoporosis and factors associated with duration of stay were analyzed.Results:Out of a total of 153,840 hospitalizations, 918 hospitalizations (844 patients, mean age 74.5 years ± 13.6, 74.5% women) concern an OF. The prevalence of hospitalizations for OF was 0.6% of total hospitalizations and 17.9% of total hospitalizations for fractures. Among the 844 patients, 85.7% had a severe fracture (vertebral fracture: 56.2%, hip fracture: 24.1%), 16.5% had a non-severe fracture, and 8.5% had a fracture cascade in the year. At discharge from hospital, 11.7% of patients received a specific treatment for osteoporosis. Longer stay duration was associated with age, severe fractures, Groll index and discharge status.Conclusion:Nearly one hospitalized fracture in five is osteoporotic, while only one in ten patients is treated for osteoporosis. Stay duration increased with age and comorbidities. This encourages the development of early prevention, screening and treatment strategies for osteoporosis.References:[1]Hernlund E, Svedbom A, Ivergård M, Compston J, Cooper C, Stenmark J, et al. Osteoporosis in the European Union: medical management, epidemiology and economic burden. A report prepared in collaboration with the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) and the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industry Associations (EFPIA). Arch Osteoporos. 2013;8:136.[2]Johnell O, Kanis JA. An estimate of the worldwide prevalence and disability associated with osteoporotic fractures. Osteoporos Int. 2006 Oct 19;17(12):1726–33.[3]Giangregorio L, Papaioannou A, Cranney A, Zytaruk N, Adachi JD. Fragility Fractures and the Osteoporosis Care Gap: An International Phenomenon. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2006 Apr;35(5):293–305.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Pinho, Mara Suzana. "Osteoporos e Osteoporosis." Revista Brasileira de Reumatologia 43, no. 3 (June 2003): 185–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0482-50042003000300011.
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Oh, Ho-Seok, Sung-Kyu Kim, and Hyoung-Yeon Seo. "Characteristics of Osteoporosis & Osteoporotic Fractures in Korea Based on Health Insurance Review and Assessment (HIRA) Database: 2009–2017." Healthcare 9, no. 3 (March 14, 2021): 324. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9030324.
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To investigate the incidence and characteristics of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures in Korea, we used the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) database. Patients over 50 years old, who were diagnosed or treated for osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures in all hospitals and clinics, were analyzed between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2017 by using the HIRA database that contains prescription data and diagnostic codes. These data were retrospectively analyzed by decade and age-specific and gender-specific incidents in each year. We also evaluated other characteristics of patients including medication state of osteoporosis, primary used medical institution, regional-specific incidence of osteoporosis, and incidence of site-specific osteoporotic fractures. The number of osteoporosis patients over 50 years old, as diagnosed by a doctor, steadily increased from 2009 to 2017. The number of osteoporosis patients was notably greatest in the 60′s and 70′s age groups in every study period. Patients undergoing treatment for osteoporosis increased significantly (96%) from 2009 to 2017. Among the patients diagnosed with osteoporosis, the proportion who experienced osteoporotic fracture increased gradually (60%) from 2009 to 2017. The number of patients with osteoporotic fractures of the spine and hip was highest in the 70 to 90 age range, and the number of patients with osteoporotic fractures in the upper and lower extremities was highest in the 50 to 70 age range. Understanding the trends of osteoporosis in Korea will contribute to manage the increased number of patients with osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures.
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Kim, Gyu Lee, Yu Hyeon Yi, Hye Rim Hwang, Jinmi Kim, Youngmin Park, Yun Jin Kim, Jeong Gyu Lee, et al. "The Risk of Osteoporosis and Osteoporotic Fracture Following the Use of Irritable Bowel Syndrome Medical Treatment: An Analysis Using the OMOP CDM Database." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 9 (May 10, 2021): 2044. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10092044.
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Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are at increased risk of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. This study investigated whether IBS medication attenuated the rate of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture risk. We conducted a retrospective large-scale multicenter study across eight hospital databases encoded in the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) Common Data Model (CDM). The primary outcome was the incidence of osteoporosis, whereas secondary outcomes were osteoporotic fractures. After 1:4 matching, 24,723 IBS patients, 78,318 non-IBS patients, 427,640 non-IBS patients with IBS medication, and 827,954 non-IBS patients without IBS medication were selected. The risk of osteoporosis was significantly increased in the IBS group compared to the non-IBS group (hazard ratio (HR) 1.33; confidence interval (CI) 1.17~1.51). Even in patients who were not diagnosed with IBS, the risk of osteoporosis was significantly increased in those with IBS medication compared to those without (HR 1.77, CI 1.62~1.93). The risk of osteoporotic fracture was significantly increased in the IBS medication group (HR 1.69, CI 1.55~1.84). Patients exposed to IBS treatment even without IBS diagnosis were at increased risk of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. Early diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis should be considered in patients who have received medication for IBS symptoms.
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Fathala, Ahmed L., Sami Alkulaybi, Abdulrahman Khawaji, Abdelghafour Alomari, and Ahmed Almuhaideb. "The association between low bone mineral density and coronary artery calcification in osteoporotic and non-osteoporotic patients in a tertiary center in Saudi Arabia." Annals of Saudi Medicine 41, no. 2 (April 2021): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5144/0256-4947.2021.101.
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BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and osteoporosis are major health-care concerns worldwide. The evidence is contradictory on whether a relationship exists between low bone mineral density (BMD) determined by dual-energy absorptiometry (DXA scan) and coronary artery calcification (CAC) measured by computed tomography. Currently, there are no data on patients from Saudi Arabia. OBJECTIVE: Examine the relationship between CAC and BMD in both genders and study the influence of traditional coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors and osteoporosis. DESIGN: Retrospective, cross-sectional, analytical. SETTING: Single tertiary care center. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We searched radiology databases for patients who underwent both DXA and CAC score scanning within six months of each other. The inclusion criterion was an absence of any history of CAD. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Association between osteoporosis and CAC. SAMPLE SIZE: 195 (34 osteoporosic, 161 normal BMD or osteopenic) RESULTS: Most of the study population (57.4%) were females. The mean age of all patients was 63.6 (10.1) years. Participants with CAC scores of 0 were significantly younger than those who had CAC scores >0. The presence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia was higher in patients with CAC scores >0. CAC score and other CAD risk factors were not significantly different between the osteoporotic and nonosteoporotic groups, except for body mass index. A high CAC score (>100) was present in 28%, 20%, 11%, and 30% of participants with no osteoporosis, osteoporosis of the lumbar spine, osteoporosis of the femoral neck, and participants with osteoporosis of both the lumbar spine and femoral neck, respectively ( P =.762), suggesting there is no association between CAC and the presence of osteoporosis. CONCLUSIONS: Osteoporosis is not associated with higher CAC scores in Saudi Arabia and CAD risk factors are not significantly prevalent in osteoporosis. It appears that CAC and osteoporosis are independent age-related diseases that share common risk factors. LIMITATIONS: Single-center, retrospective. CONFLICT OF INTEREST: None.
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Maasalu, Katre, Ott Laius, Lidiia Zhytnik, Sulev Kõks, Ele Prans, Ene Reimann, and Aare Märtson. "Featured Article: Transcriptional landscape analysis identifies differently expressed genes involved in follicle-stimulating hormone induced postmenopausal osteoporosis." Experimental Biology and Medicine 242, no. 2 (November 20, 2016): 203–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1535370216679899.
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Osteoporosis is a disorder associated with bone tissue reorganization, bone mass, and mineral density. Osteoporosis can severely affect postmenopausal women, causing bone fragility and osteoporotic fractures. The aim of the current study was to compare blood mRNA profiles of postmenopausal women with and without osteoporosis, with the aim of finding different gene expressions and thus targets for future osteoporosis biomarker studies. Our study consisted of transcriptome analysis of whole blood serum from 12 elderly female osteoporotic patients and 12 non-osteoporotic elderly female controls. The transcriptome analysis was performed with RNA sequencing technology. For data analysis, the edgeR package of R Bioconductor was used. Two hundred and fourteen genes were expressed differently in osteoporotic compared with non-osteoporotic patients. Statistical analysis revealed 20 differently expressed genes with a false discovery rate of less than 1.47 × 10−4 among osteoporotic patients. The expression of 10 genes were up-regulated and 10 down-regulated. Further statistical analysis identified a potential osteoporosis mRNA biomarker pattern consisting of six genes: CACNA1G, ALG13, SBK1, GGT7, MBNL3, and RIOK3. Functional ingenuity pathway analysis identified the strongest candidate genes with regard to potential involvement in a follicle-stimulating hormone activated network of increased osteoclast activity and hypogonadal bone loss. The differentially expressed genes identified in this study may contribute to future research of postmenopausal osteoporosis blood biomarkers.
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Laffaire, M., M. Caroline, E. Allado, E. Bauer, I. Chary Valckenaere, and D. Loeuille. "AB0948 Osteoporotic screening and prevalence of severe osteoporotic fractures in a population of psoriatic arthritis initiating a biologic treatment." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 81, Suppl 1 (May 23, 2022): 1602.2–1603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.3871.
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BackgroundOsteoporosis is a common complication of Rheumatic diseases. The association between osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis is clearly demonstrated while this association is still debated as well as for the screening of osteoporosis by Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) or to demonstrate an increased risk of fracture on radiography in a population of Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA). The prevalence of fragility fractures reported on medical reports ranged between 12% and 40% in PsA patients. Only a few studies evaluated the prevalence of vertebral fracture (VF) on spine radiographs. To our knowledge no study has evaluated the contribution of radiographic or CT assessment of the spine on the prevalence of fragility fracture reported in medical records.ObjectivesTo determine Psoriatic Arthritis patient’s characteristics screened for osteoporosis by DEXA in a population initiating a biologic treatment (bDMARD) and to estimate the prevalence of severe osteoporotic fractures on medical reports and after imaging modalities scoring (X-ray or CT-scan).MethodsPatients with psoriasis should satisfy the CASPAR or ASAS criteria and have been screened during their follow up for a bDMARD. Osteoporotic screening was defined by a BMD testing (DEXA). Vertebral fractures were scored according to Genant’s method on spine X-ray or sagittal CT-scan images. Clinical and demographic data and the presence of previous severe osteoporotic fracture reported in the medical records were collected.ResultsOn 417 PsA patients screened for bDMARDs during 2008-2019, 89 patients (21.3%) were assessed for osteoporosis by DEXA. Increased age, female sex, menopause, previous severe fracture, disease duration, presence of inflammatory bowel disease, current and previous corticosteroid and bDMARDs uses were significantly associated with osteoporotic screening. On DEXA, 7 patients (7.9%) were classified as osteoporotic. The prevalence of severe osteoporotic fracture was 6.7% in medical reports and increased to 23.6% after scoring spine radiographies or TAP-CT images. In univariate analysis the presence of severe osteoporotic fractures was associated with age (p=0.013), scanographic bone attenuation coefficient (p=0.005) and Lumbar T-score (p=0.039).ConclusionLess than a quarter of PsA patients initiating a bDMARD is screened for osteoporosis. The prevalence of osteoporosis on DEXA and severe osteoporotic fractures on medical records are inferior to 10%. After systematic imaging evaluation, this prevalence increases at 23.6%.References[1]Chandran S, Aldei A, Johnson SR, Cheung AM, Salonen D, Gladman DD. Prevalence and risk factors of low bone mineral density in psoriatic arthritis: A systematic review. Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism. oct 2016[2]Riesco M, Manzano F, Font P, García A, Nolla JM. Osteoporosis in psoriatic arthritis: an assessment of densitometry and fragility fractures. Clinical Rheumatology. déc 2013[3]Pedreira PG, Pinheiro MM, Szejnfeld VL. Bone mineral density and body composition in postmenopausal women with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther. févr 2011[4]Del Puente A, Esposito A, Costa L, Benigno C, Del Puente A, Foglia F, et al. Fragility Fractures in Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis. The Journal of Rheumatology Supplement. 1 nov 2015[5]van der Weijden MAC, van der Horst-Bruinsma IE, van Denderen JC, Dijkmans BAC, Heymans MW, Lems WF. High frequency of vertebral fractures in early spondylarthropathies. Osteoporos Int. juin 2012[6]Pickhardt PJ, Pooler BD, Lauder T, del Rio AM, Bruce RJ, Binkley N. Opportunistic Screening for Osteoporosis Using Abdominal Computed Tomography Scans Obtained for Other Indications. Ann Intern Med. 16 avr 2013[7]Kwok TSH, Sutton M, Yang Ye J, Pereira D, Chandran V, Gladman DD. Prevalence and factors associated with osteoporosis and bone mineral density testing in psoriatic arthritis. Arthritis Care & Research. 16 déc 2020[8]Gulati AM et al. Osteoporosis in psoriatic arthritis: a cross-sectional study of an outpatient clinic population. RMD Open. juin 2018Disclosure of InterestsNone declared
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Marchenkova, L. "POS1469-HPR THE ASSESSMENT OF FRACTURE RISK AND OSTEOPOROSIS RATE AMONG PATIENTS OVER 50 YEARS OLD UNDERGOING MEDICAL REHABILITATION." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (May 19, 2021): 1020.2–1020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.4258.
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Background:Taking a course of physical rehabilitation creates the prerequisites for falls and injuries in patients at high risk of fractures. Data on fracture risk and prevalence of osteoporosis in older patients starting medical rehabilitation can change the approach of doctors to the development of rehabilitation programs and the management of such patients.Objectives:To assess the prevalence of osteoporosis, individual risk factors for osteoporosis as well as the proportion of people with high risk of osteoporotic low-energy fractures among patients over 50 years old undergoing treatment according to the “medical rehabilitation” profile.Methods:The study group comprised of 600 patients (426 women and 174 men) aged 50 to 84 years, average age 64.25 ± 10.17 years, undergoing treatment in a rehabilitation department. This was a cross-sectional study in the form of unified questionnaire, including data concerning age, weight, height, BMI, clinical and rehabilitation diagnosis, anamnesis of the main disease, anamnesis vitae, presence of osteoporosis diagnosis in the anamnesis, its treatment, osteoporosis risk factors estimation. An assessment of 10-year probability of osteoporotic fractures was carried out using Russian model of online FRAX® calculator.Results:41.8% patients in the study sample had osteoporosis risk factors, including 31.2% of subjects had 3 risk factors or more. 38.0% patients showed a high fracture risk according to the FRAX calculator. 34.1% had a diagnosis of osteoporosis, and 45.8% already had osteoporotic fractures. Among those who did not undergo densitometry examination, 69.9% had a history of low-traumatic fractures, and only 58.5% of patients with an established diagnosis of osteoporosis and 26.8% of those at high risk of fractures received effective therapy for osteoporosis.Conclusion:Population of patients over 50 years old undergoing rehabilitation is characterized by high frequency of osteoporosis and probability of fractures, and insufficient quality of osteoporosis verification and anti-osteoporotic therapy administration at the same time.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Campos, Wladimir Gushiken de, Gonzalo André Montesinos, Rosa Cristina Peinado Agudo, Kaisermann Costa, Luciana Munhoz, and Emiko Saito Arita. "Does type 2 diabetic osteoporotic patients present more periodontal risks than non-osteoporotic patients? An evaluation with mandibular cortical index (Klemetti)." Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences 17 (December 11, 2018): e181211. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/bjos.v17i0.8654217.
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Aim: This study aim was to evaluate if patients with type 2 diabetes and osteoporosis have an increased risk of periodontal disease (horizontal and vertical bone loss) when compared to diabetic patients without osteoporosis. Additionally, to assess if patients with diabetes and osteoporosis have a greater risk of reduction of bone mineral density in the mandible, expressed by mandibular cortical index (MCI) when compared to diabetic patients without osteoporosis. Methods: 59 patients (39 diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and osteoporosis; 20 diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and without osteoporosis) were selected. Type 2 diabetes was previously diagnosed by glycated hemoglobin examination and osteoporosis by peripheral dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Mandibular cortical index, as well as the presence of vertical and horizontal bone loss was verified on panoramic radiographs. Adjusted odds ratio analyses were performed on presence of periodontal disease and MCI considering the effect of osteoporosis. Results: Absence of statistical significance between variables was found. Conclusions: There is no difference between the risk of periodontal disease or low MCI among osteoporotic and non-osteoporotic type 2 diabetic patients.
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Nawrat-Szołtysik, Agnieszka, Zuzanna Miodońska, Ryszard Zarzeczny, Izabela Zając-Gawlak, Józef Opara, Alicja Grzesińska, Beata Matyja, and Anna Polak. "Osteoporosis in Polish Older Women: Risk Factors and Osteoporotic Fractures: A Cross–Sectional Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 10 (May 25, 2020): 3725. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103725.
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Background: Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease. It is still not known which of the risk factors have the greatest impact on osteoporosis development. The study aimed to determine how the selected osteoporosis risk factors contribute to the development of the disease and to assess the risk of osteoporotic fractures in older women. Methods: A cohort of 99 older females was divided into two groups (with and without osteoporosis). The risk of osteoporosis was determined using assessment forms and bone densitometry data subjected to logistic regression. The risk of osteoporotic fractures was assessed by the FRAX tool (FRAX, Center for Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Sheffield, UK). Results: The logistic regression analysis showed that the highest risk of developing osteoporosis associated with lifestyle, mainly cigarette smoking (odds ratio: OR = 2.12), past gynecological operations (OR = 1.46), corticosteroid therapies (OR = 1.38). More than half of participants were at a medium risk of femoral neck fractures (over 90% in the osteoporotic group). Conclusion: Most of the Polish women living in care facilities are at medium risk of low-energy fractures. Smoking appeared to have the strongest effect on osteoporosis among analyzed risk factors. The results may contribute to the creation of more appropriate prevention strategies.
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Kwon, Mi Jung, Jae Yong Park, Sung Gyun Kim, Jwa-Kyung Kim, Hyun Lim, Joo-Hee Kim, Ji Hee Kim, et al. "Potential Association of Osteoporosis and Not Osteoporotic Fractures in Patients with Gout: A Longitudinal Follow-Up Study." Nutrients 15, no. 1 (December 28, 2022): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15010134.
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Health issues associated with gout and increased occurrence of osteoporosis or fractures have been raised; however, the results are elusive. Herein, we explored the possible link between gout and incident osteoporosis/osteoporotic fractures based on long-term follow-up nationwide data. This study enrolled 16,305 patients with gout and 65,220 controls who were matched by propensity score at a 1:4 ratio on the basis of sex, age, income, and residence from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort database (2002–2015). A Cox proportional hazard model was employed to identify the relevance between gout and incident osteoporosis/fractures, following adjustment for various covariates. In the follow-up period, osteoporosis developed in 761 individuals with gout and 2805 controls (incidence rates: 8.0 and 7.3/1000 person-years, respectively), and each osteoporotic fracture in the distal radius (2.8 vs. 2.7/1000 person-years), hip (1.3 vs. 1.3/1000 person-years), and spine (4.5 vs. 4.5/1000 person-years) occurred in gout and control groups, respectively. After adjustment, the gout group presented an 11% higher development of osteoporosis (95% confidence interval = 1.02–1.20) than the controls (p = 0.011). Subgroup analyses maintained the augment of incident osteoporosis in sufferers with gout, particularly in either men or <60 years. However, no such relevance was identified between gout and incident osteoporotic fractures at any site. In conclusion, gout may result in a slightly elevated likelihood of developing osteoporosis, and not osteoporotic fractures, in the Korean population.
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Lyalina, V. V., I. A. Borshenko, S. V. Borisovskaya, E. A. Skripnichenko, R. V. Binyakovskiy, V. V. Trishina, and I. G. Nikitin. "Acute Osteoporotic Vertebral Fracture. Part 1. Definitions, Clinical Presentation, Pain Assessment, Diagnostic Imaging, Introduction to Differential Diagnosis." Russian Archives of Internal Medicine 12, no. 4 (July 30, 2022): 254–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.20514/2226-6704-2022-12-4-254-266.
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Osteoporosis is a widespread metabolic disease of the skeleton among the elderly. Osteoporotic fractures are significant manifestation of the disease, which can substantially affect the quality of life. The purpose of this article is to review approaches to the management of patients with acute osteoporotic fracture. This article consists of two parts. The first part reviews general information about osteoporosis, clinical course of osteoporotic fracture, differential diagnosis of pain syndrome, methods of visualization of fractures, differential diagnosis of osteoporosis. In the second part, we discuss differential diagnosis of osteoporotic fracture according to the data of imaging methods, non-pharmacologic, pharmacologic and surgical methods of treatment.
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Lyalina, V. V., I. A. Borshenko, S. V. Borisovskaya, E. A. Skripnichenko, R. V. Binyakovskiy, V. D. Solomin, V. V. Trishina, and I. G. Nikitin. "Acute Osteoporotic Vertebral Fracture. Part 2. Differential Diagnostics According to the Data of Imaging Methods. Conservative and Surgical Treatment." Russian Archives of Internal Medicine 12, no. 6 (November 29, 2022): 438–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.20514/2226-6704-2022-12-6-438-449.
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Osteoporosis is a widespread metabolic disease of the skeleton among the elderly. Osteoporotic fractures are significant manifestation of the disease, which can substantially affect the quality of life. The purpose of this article is to review approaches to the management of patients with acute osteoporotic fracture. This article consists of two parts. The first part reviews general information about osteoporosis, clinical course of osteoporotic fracture, differential diagnosis of pain syndrome, methods of visualization of fractures, differential diagnosis of osteoporosis. In the second part, we discuss differential diagnosis of osteoporotic fracture according to the data of imaging methods, non-pharmacologic, pharmacologic and surgical methods of treatment.
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Lin, Xiaozhen, Yiji Li, Limei Wang, and Qiujiao Liao. "Current Status of Research on Anti-osteoporotic Drug Treatment and Compliance in Patients with Osteoporotic Fractures." Journal of Contemporary Medical Practice 6, no. 6 (June 30, 2024): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.53469/jcmp.2024.06(06).02.
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Osteoporotic Fracture (OPF), also known as fragility fracture, is a low-energy, non-violent fracture that commonly occurs in the elderly. Such fractures mostly occur in the thoracolumbar vertebral body, hip, distal radius and other parts, and are the main factors that cause osteoporosis patients to be hospitalized for diagnosis and treatment. Secondary fractures are prone to occur after fractures, and anti-osteoporotic treatment can effectively prevent further fractures in patients with osteoporotic fractures. Due to factors such as patients and their families’ insufficient understanding of the necessity of anti-osteoporosis drug treatment after fragility fractures, insufficient awareness of the risk of re-fracture, lack of follow-up management of drug compliance after treatment, and untimely monitoring of anti-osteoporosis efficacy, etc. The treatment initiation rate and medication compliance of anti-osteoporosis drugs in patients with osteoporotic fractures are low. This article systematically reviews the incidence and disease burden of osteoporotic fractures, the understanding of diagnosis, treatment and management of osteoporotic fractures, the status of anti-osteoporotic drug treatment and compliance, and efficacy monitoring of patients after osteoporotic fractures. Provide a reference for establishing effective medication compliance management for OPF patients.
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Salcuni, Antonio Stefano, Vincenzo Carnevale, Claudia Battista, Serena Palmieri, Cristina Eller-Vainicher, Vito Guarnieri, Flavia Pugliese, et al. "Primary aldosteronism as a cause of secondary osteoporosis." European Journal of Endocrinology 177, no. 5 (November 2017): 431–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-17-0417.
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Objective Patients with primary aldosteronism (PA) have a high prevalence of osteoporosis (OP) and fractures (Fx). We evaluated the presence of PA in patients admitted to our metabolic bone disease outpatient clinic. Design Study conducted on an in- and outpatient basis in a referral Italian endocrinology unit. Methods A total of 2632 patients were evaluated. 2310 were excluded because they were taking drugs known to affect bone or mineralocorticoids metabolism or were diagnosed to have a secondary cause of osteoporosis. The remaining 322 subjects (304 females, 18 males) took part in the study. Bone mineral density (BMD) and thoracic and lumbar spine vertebral morphometry were performed by dual X-ray absorptiometry. All patients were screened for PA with aldosterone-to-renin ratio. In those who had positive results, confirmatory tests were performed. Results Among 322 subjects, 213 were osteoporotics and 109 were not. PA was diagnosed in eleven out of 213 osteoporotic patients (5.2%) and one out of 109 non-osteoporotic subjects (0.9%, P = 0.066). PA was observed in the 26.1% of patients with the concomitant presence of osteoporosis, hypertension and hypercalciuria. Compared with patients without PA, patients with PA had mean values of urinary calcium excretion, 4.8 ± 2.5 mmol/day vs 7.6 ± 3.2 mmol/day, P < 0.001 and serum PTH levels, 5.4 pmol/L vs 7.3 pmol/L, P < 0.01, significantly higher. Conclusions PA should be considered among the causes of secondary OP.
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Kerschan-Schindl, K., M. Hackl, E. Boschitsch, U. Föger-Samwald, O. Nägele, S. Skalicky, M. Weigl, J. Grillari, and P. Pietschmann. "Diagnostic Performance of a Panel of miRNAs (OsteomiR) for Osteoporosis in a Cohort of Postmenopausal Women." Calcified Tissue International 108, no. 6 (January 11, 2021): 725–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00223-020-00802-3.
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AbstractA specific signature of 19 circulating miRNAs (osteomiRs) has been reported to be associated with fragility fractures due to postmenopausal osteoporosis. However, it is unknown whether osteoporotic fractures or low BMD phenotypes are independently contributing to changes in osteomiR serum levels. The first aim was to characterize the abundance, sensitivity to hemolysis, and correlation of osteomiR serum levels, the second objective to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of osteomiRs for osteoporosis according to the WHO criteria and on basis of major osteoporotic fracture history. Fifty postmenopausal women with osteoporosis (with or without fragility fracture) and 50 non-osteoporotic women were included in this cross-sectional study. The diagnostic performance of osteomiRs for osteoporosis based on the WHO definition or fracture history was evaluated using multiple logistic regression and receiver-operator curve (AUC) analysis. The osteomiR® signature is composed of four clusters of miRNAs providing good performance for the diagnosis of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women defined by WHO criteria (AUC = 0.830) and based on history of major osteoporotic fractures (AUC = 0.834). The classification performance for the WHO criteria and for fracture risk is driven by miR-375 and miR-203a, respectively. OsteomiRs, a signature of 19 emerging miRNA bone biomarkers, are measurable in human serum samples. They constitute a panel of independent bone and muscle biomarkers, which in combination could serve as diagnostic biomarkers for osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.
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Binkley, Neil. "Osteoporosis in men." Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia 50, no. 4 (August 2006): 764–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-27302006000400021.
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Osteoporosis is defined as "a systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue with a consequent increase in bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture". Approximately 4050% of women sustain osteoporotic fractures in their lifetime; as such, it is appropriate that studies initially focused upon females. Despite an increased recognition of osteoporotic fractures in men, there continues to be neglect of this disease in males. This ongoing neglect is inappropriate as 2533% of men in some populations will sustain osteoporotic fractures in their lifetime. Testosterone plays an important role in male skeletal health. However, recent data suggest that estrogen may in fact be the dominant hormone regulating skeletal status in both men and women. BMD measurement may be utilized for osteoporosis diagnosis and to assist with fracture risk prediction in men prior to their sustaining a fracture. Recognizing this need, the International Society for Clinical Densitometry (ISCD) recommended and recently reaffirmed use of a BMD T-score of -2.5 or below be utilized to diagnose osteoporosis in men. Androgen therapy of hypogonadal men may be considered with the caveat that data do not exist to document that this treatment reduces fracture risk. At this time, the data is inadequate to support use of androgen treatment in eugonadal men with osteoporosis. Parathyroid hormone treatment does increase BMD; existing studies have not been of adequate size or duration to document fracture reduction efficacy. Bisphosphonate therapy increases BMD, reduces vertebral fracture risk and is considered the standard of care for osteoporotic men at this point in time.
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Ershova, O. B., and O. V. Ershova. "COMMENTS TO THE PRACTICAL USE OF THE RUSSIAN CLINICALRECOMMENDATIONS FOR OSTEOPOROSIS." Osteoporosis and Bone Diseases 13, no. 1 (April 15, 2010): 34–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/osteo2010134-46.
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Osteoporosis is one of the most socially significant chronic noninfectious diseases. This is due to its high prevalence and medical, social and economic consequences from osteoporotic bone fractures. The problem of osteoporosis is intensively studied in Russia for the past 15 years. Taking into account the peculiarities of the osteoporotic process (gradual, protracted, oligosymptomatic beginning, multifactorial origin, need for prolonged treatment to achieve effectiveness, wide range of drug treatment options etc.) and remaining lack of knowledge and experience of practitioners in view of the swift progress in osteoporosis research, we consider the importance of unity in approach to diagnosis, prophylaxis and treatment of osteoporosis for doctors of all specialities. These prompted Russian experts to develop the first Russian Clinical Recommendations for osteoporosis that were published in 2005 and reviewed in 2009.
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Tile, Lianne, and Angela M. Cheung. "Atypical femur fractures: current understanding and approach to management." Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease 12 (January 2020): 1759720X2091698. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1759720x20916983.
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Osteoporosis and resulting osteoporotic fractures are responsible for significant morbidity, excess mortality, and health care costs in the developed world. Medical therapy for osteoporosis has been shown in multiple randomized controlled trials to reduce the risk of vertebral and non-vertebral fractures and hip fractures, and in some studies bisphosphonate medications have been associated with improved survival. Although the overall benefit to risk ratio of osteoporosis medications remains favorable, there have been concerns raised about the long-term safety of these treatments. Atypical femur fracture, which is a rare type of fracture that has been associated with the long-term use of potent antiresorptive bone medications, is a potentially devastating consequence of osteoporosis treatment. This paper reviews our current understanding of atypical femur fractures, their relationship to antiresorptive osteoporosis medications, and proposed strategies for management, in order to inform clinical decision making about the optimal use and duration of medical therapy for the treatment of patients with osteoporosis or at high risk for osteoporotic fractures.
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Zhu, Li, Chenchen Zhou, Shuo Chen, Danyuan Huang, Yukun Jiang, Yuanchen Lan, Shujuan Zou, and Yuyu Li. "Osteoporosis and Alveolar Bone Health in Periodontitis Niche: A Predisposing Factors-Centered Review." Cells 11, no. 21 (October 26, 2022): 3380. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11213380.
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Periodontitis is a periodontal inflammatory condition that results from disrupted periodontal host–microbe homeostasis, manifested by the destruction of tooth-supporting structures, especially inflammatory alveolar bone loss. Osteoporosis is characterized by systemic deterioration of bone mass and microarchitecture. The roles of many systemic factors have been identified in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis, including endocrine change, metabolic disorders, health-impaired behaviors and mental stress. The prevalence rate of osteoporotic fracture is in sustained elevation in the past decades. Recent studies suggest that individuals with concomitant osteoporosis are more vulnerable to periodontal impairment. Current reviews of worse periodontal status in the context of osteoporosis are limited, mainly centering on the impacts of menopausal and diabetic osteoporosis on periodontitis. Herein, this review article makes an effort to provide a comprehensive view of the relationship between osteoporosis and periodontitis, with a focus on clarifying how those risk factors in osteoporotic populations modify the alveolar bone homeostasis in the periodontitis niche.
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Ruci, Julian, and Eduart Gjika. "Hallux Valgus in Osteoporosis." Albanian Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery 7, no. 1 (January 20, 2023): 1107–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.32391/ajtes.v7i1.300.
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The aim of this study is to evaluate the outcomes of the surgical treatment in patients with osteoporosis with moderate or severe hallux valgus regarding the correction of Hallux Valgus Angle (HVA) and Intermetatarsal Angle (IMA) compared to non-osteoporotic patients.
Materials and Methods: The timeline of the study was from 2015 to 2020 with 20 patients with the mean age of 61.6±4.1 within the osteoporotic group and 63.5±5.0 within the non-osteoporotic group. 12 osteotomies in osteoporotic patients and eight osteotomies in non-osteoporotic patients were seen at follow-up after 2 years after surgery. Preoperative bone density of T-Score 2.5 SD or more below is named osteoporosis and IMA and was used to define patient groups; mild hallux valgus was defined with IMA of 11-16 degrees, moderate hallux valgus was defined with IMA from 16 to twenty degrees, and severe hallux valgus was defined with IMA from 20 degrees or more.
Results: No statistical differences were found in HVA, IMA and between the osteoporotic patients and non-osteoporotic patients preoperatively, postoperatively, and therefore the final follow-up in mild to moderate hallux valgus. The mean AOFAS score ameliorated from 52.6 preoperatively to 89.1. Regarding satisfaction, ~ 83 you look after patients were very satisfied or satisfied. No evidence of complications and every one of the patients resulted with complete union of the osteotomy.
Conclusion: We believed that the surgical treatment is a safe, effective procedure for the correction of elderly patients with osteoporosis. In patients with moderate and severe hallux valgus the results of osteotomy have not any specific difference between the osteoporotic and non-osteoporotic groups
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Won, Ye Yeon, Myong Hyun Baek, Wen Quan Cui, and Kwang Kyun Kim. "Non-Invasive Analysis of the Micro-Structural and Biomechanical Properties of Trabecular Bone in Human Femoral Head." Key Engineering Materials 321-323 (October 2006): 1070–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.321-323.1070.
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This study investigates micro-structural and mechanical properties of trabecular bone in human femoral head with and without osteoporosis using a micro-CT and a finite element model. 15 cored trabecular bone specimens with 20 of diameter were obtained from femoral heads with osteoporosis resected for total hip arthroplasty, and 5 specimens were removed from femoral head of cadavers, which has no history of musculoskeletal diseases. A high-resolution micro-CT system was used to scan each specimen to obtain histomorphometry indexes. Based on the micro-images, a FE-model was created to determine mechanical property indexes. While the non-osteoporosis group had increases the trabecular thickness, the bone volume, the bone volume fraction, the degree of anisotropy and the trabecular number compared with those of osteoporotic group, the non-osteoporotic group showed decreases in trabecular separation and structure model index. Regarding the mechanical property indexes, the reaction force and the Young's modulus were lower in the osteoporotic group than in non-osteoporotic group. Our data shows salient deteriorations in trabecular micro-structural and mechanical properties in human femoral head with osteoporosis.
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Liang, Gengfan, Audrey Siew Foong Kow, Chau Ling Tham, Yu-Cheng Ho, and Ming Tatt Lee. "Ameliorative Effect of Tocotrienols on Perimenopausal-Associated Osteoporosis—A Review." Antioxidants 11, no. 11 (November 3, 2022): 2179. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox11112179.
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Osteoporosis, or bone loss, is a disease that affects many women globally. As life expectancy increases, the risk of osteoporosis in women also increases, too, and this will create a burden on the healthcare and economic sectors of a country. Osteoporosis was once thought to be a disease that would occur only after menopause. However, many studies have shown that osteoporosis may develop even in the perimenopausal stage. Due to the erratic levels of estrogen and progesterone during the perimenopausal stage, studies suggest that women are exposed to the risk of developing osteoporosis even at this stage. The erratic hormonal changes result in the production of proinflammatory mediators and cause oxidative stress, which leads to the progressive loss of bone-building activities. Tocotrienols, members of vitamin E, have many health-promoting properties. Due to their powerful anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties, tocotrienols have shown positive anti-osteoporotic properties in post-menopausal studies. Hence, we propose here that tocotrienols could also possibly alleviate perimenopausal osteoporosis by discussing in this review the connection between inflammatory mediators produced during perimenopause and the risk of osteoporosis. Tocotrienols could potentially be an anti-osteoporotic agent, but due to their low bioavailability, they have not been as effective as they could be. Several approaches have been evaluated to overcome this issue, as presented in this review. As the anti-osteoporotic effects of tocotrienols were mostly studied in post-menopausal models, we hope that this review could pave the way for more research to be done to evaluate their effect on peri-menopausal models so as to reduce the risk of osteoporosis from an earlier stage.
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Namıduru, Emine Siber, and Mehmet Tarakçıoğlu. "Vitamin K and Osteoporosis." European Journal of Therapeutics 17, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.58600/eurjther.2011-17-1-739-arch.
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Vitamin K is involved in blood coagulation and in bone metabolism via the carboxylation of glutamate residues in (hepatic) blood coagulation factors and (osteoblastic) bone proteins. Although undercarboxylation of blood coagulation factors is very rare, undercarboxylated osteocalcin (bone Gla-protein) is frequently found in subject with osteoporosis. Osteoporosis, a systemic disease characterized by a low bone mass, is a major public health problem. It is a devastating disorder with significant physical, psychosocial, and financial problems because of the high incidence of fragility fractures, especially hip and vertebral fracture. The high incidence of osteoporotic fractures leads to considerable mortality, morbidity, reduced mobility and decreased quality of life. Hence one of the most important approaches to therapy is prevention. Supplementation of osteoporotic subjects with extra vitamin K causes the markers for bone formation to increase. In parallel, a decrease of the markers for bone resorption is frequently seen, Because of vitamin K can be decreased the risk of developing osteoporosis and its complications can be minimized. In this review summarizes with a theoretical knowledge about vitamin K and osteoporosis plus current reports regarding a possible role of vitamin K insufficiency in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis.
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Nowakowska-Płaza, Anna, Jakub Wroński, Iwona Sudoł-Szopińska, and Piotr Głuszko. "Clinical Utility of Trabecular Bone Score (TBS) in Fracture Risk Assessment of Patients with Rheumatic Diseases Treated with Glucocorticoids." Hormone and Metabolic Research 53, no. 08 (August 2021): 499–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1528-7261.
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AbstractChronic glucocorticoid therapy is associated with osteoporosis and can cause fractures in up to 50% of patients. Increased risk of fractures in patients with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis does not result only from the decreased bone mineral density (BMD) but also bone microarchitecture deterioration. Trabecular bone score (TBS) is a method complementary to DXA, providing additional information about trabecular bone structure. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical utility of TBS in fracture risk assessment of patients treated with glucocorticoids. Patients with rheumatic diseases treated with glucocorticoids for at least 3 months were enrolled. All recruited patients underwent DXA with additional TBS assessment. We analyzed the frequency of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures and assessed factors that might be associated with the risk of osteoporotic fractures. A total of 64 patients were enrolled. TBS and TBS T-score values were significantly lower in patients with osteoporosis compared to patients without osteoporosis. Low energy fractures occurred in 19 patients. The disturbed bone microarchitecture was found in 30% of patients with fractures without osteoporosis diagnosis based on BMD. In the multivariate analysis, only TBS and age were significantly associated with the occurrence of osteoporotic fractures. TBS reflects the influence of glucocorticoid therapy on bone quality better than DXA measured BMD and provides an added value to DXA in identifying the group of patients particularly prone to fractures.
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Smeltzer, Suzanne C., Vanessa Zimmerman, Theresa Capriotti, and Lilia Fernandes. "Osteoporosis Risk Factors and Bone Mineral Density in Women With MS." International Journal of MS Care 4, no. 1 (March 1, 2002): 17–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.7224/1537-2073-4.1.17.
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Purpose: To describe the results of bone mineral density (BMD) screening in women with multiple sclerosis (MS) and to identify risk factors for osteoporosis in women with MS and their use of preventive strategies. Methods: BMD screening was performed at the os calcis. A self-administered survey, formatted as a checklist, asked women with MS about their risk factors for osteoporosis and their use of osteoporosis prevention strategies. Findings: 142 women with MS completed the study. Using a modified classification system suggested for use with peripheral measurements of BMD, 44.4% of women in the sample were categorized as having normal BMD, 35.2% were osteopenic, and 20.4% were osteoporotic. The number of risk factors for osteoporosis reported by women with MS ranged from zero to 10 with a mean of 4.6 ± 1.8. Relatively few women were using strategies to minimize their risks for osteoporosis. Of those who did employ a risk-minimization strategy, the lowest number of women in the sample (4.3%) used raloxifene, and the highest number of women (38.6%) used calcium supplementation. Conclusions: Low BMD is common in women with MS, increasing their risk for osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures. Greater awareness is needed among health care providers regarding the increased risk and high incidence of osteoporosis in women with MS. Strategies to detect and prevent osteoporosis are warranted in women with MS in order to prevent further disability caused by osteoporosis-related fractures. (Int J MS Care. 2002; 4: 17–23, 29)
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Lin, Hsin-Hui, Hsin-Yin Hsu, Ming-Chieh Tsai, Le-Yin Hsu, Kuo-Liong Chien, and Tzu-Lin Yeh. "Association between type 2 diabetes and osteoporosis risk: A representative cohort study in Taiwan." PLOS ONE 16, no. 7 (July 13, 2021): e0254451. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254451.
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Although previous studies have investigated the relationship between fracture risk and type 2 diabetes (T2D), cohort studies that estimate composite osteoporosis risk are lacking. This retrospective cohort study sought to determine the risk of osteoporosis in Taiwanese patients with T2D. Patients diagnosed with T2D between 2002 and 2015 identified through the 2002 Taiwan Survey of Hypertension, Hyperglycemia, and Hyperlipidemia were included. A total of 1690 men and 1641 women aged ≥40 years linked to the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) were followed up to the end of 2015 to identify the incidences of osteoporosis through ICD9-CM codes for osteoporosis or osteoporotic fractures or usage of anti-osteoporotic agents according to Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical codes determined from NHIRD. The person year approach and Kaplan–Meier analysis were then used to estimate the incidences and cumulative event rates, whereas the Cox proportional hazard model was used to calculate adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for osteoporosis events. A total of 792 new osteoporosis events were documented over a median follow-up duration of 13.6 years. Participants with T2D had higher osteoporosis risk [adjusted HR: 1.37, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.11–1.69] compared with those without T2D. Subgroup analyses revealed that age had a marginally significant effect, indicating that T2D had a more pronounced effect on osteoporosis risk in younger population (<65 years old). No difference was found between patients stratified according to sex. In conclusion, T2D was significantly associated with increased osteoporosis risk, especially in younger participants.
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Link, Thomas M. "Radiology of Osteoporosis." Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal 67, no. 1 (February 2016): 28–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carj.2015.02.002.
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The radiologist has a number of roles not only in diagnosing but also in treating osteoporosis. Radiologists diagnose fragility fractures with all imaging modalities, which includes magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrating radiologically occult insufficiency fractures, but also lateral chest radiographs showing asymptomatic vertebral fractures. In particular MRI fragility fractures may have a nonspecific appearance and the radiologists needs to be familiar with the typical locations and findings, to differentiate these fractures from neoplastic lesions. It should be noted that radiologists do not simply need to diagnose fractures related to osteoporosis but also to diagnose those fractures which are complications of osteoporosis related pharmacotherapy. In addition to using standard radiological techniques radiologists also use dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and quantitative computed tomography (QCT) to quantitatively assess bone mineral density for diagnosing osteoporosis or osteopenia as well as to monitor therapy. DXA measurements of the femoral neck are also used to calculate osteoporotic fracture risk based on the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) score, which is universally available. Some of the new technologies such as high-resolution peripheral computed tomography (HR-pQCT) and MR spectroscopy allow assessment of bone architecture and bone marrow composition to characterize fracture risk. Finally radiologists are also involved in the therapy of osteoporotic fractures by using vertebroplasty, kyphoplasty, and sacroplasty. This review article will focus on standard techniques and new concepts in diagnosing and managing osteoporosis.
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Shankar Zade, Rutuja. "A REVIEW ON STUDIES & RESEARCH ON PREVENTION OF OSTEOPOROSIS." International Journal of Advanced Research 12, no. 03 (March 31, 2024): 276–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/18392.
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Osteoporosis is one of the major causes for the fracture among aged and adult population. Osteoporosis causes bone to become porous and so brittle that even mild alteration in posture may lead to fracture. Osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder which affects the more than 10 million Americans. Osteoporotic fractures are more often reported in women i.e. 40% to 50% and 13% in men. However other study reported that the occurrence of fracture was similar in men and women. In primary osteoporosis, post-menopausal osteoporosis generally develops after menopause because of drop in estrogen level. Senile osteoporosis generally occurs at the age of 70 years in which thinning of bone occurred. Senile osteoporosis is degenerative osteoporosis because of wear and tear on the bones. Secondary osteoporosis is most common as it is caused by certain medical condition or treatment, which affects the bone mass and cause bone loss.
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DIAS, J. J., C. C. WRAY, and J. M. JONES. "Osteoporosis and Colles’ Fractures in the Elderly." Journal of Hand Surgery 12, no. 1 (February 1987): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0266-7681_87_90058-1.
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There is no documentation of the incidence of osteoporosis in patients with Colles’ fractures. We have prospectively studied 127 patients over the age of fifty with unilateral Colles’ fractures to determine the incidence of osteoporosis and to investigate its influence on the bony deformity. The cortical width of the second metacarpal was used as the indicator of osteoporosis. 74.8% of patients in this group were osteoporotic. The final deformity was significantly greater in patients with osteoporosis.
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Grygorieva, N. V., M. A. Bystrytska, N. V. Zaverukha, and A. S. Musiienko. "Anti-osteoporotic treatment and COVID-19 risk: is there an association?" PAIN, JOINTS, SPINE 12, no. 2 (November 27, 2022): 46–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.22141/pjs.12.2.2022.328.
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Introduction. Despite the recent ASBMR, AACE, Endocrine Society, ECTS&NOF guidelines for osteoporosis management in the era of COVID-19 the impact of antiosteoporotic drugs on disease risk and severity is insufficiently studied. The purpose of this study was to assess the COVID-19 risk for the patients receiving the parenteral bisphosphonate or Denosumab treatment, and the severity of its course in patients with systemic osteoporosis. Materials and methods. We performed the phone survey and studied the results of 195 patients (92 % women; mean age – 62.7 ± 10.8 years) with systemic osteoporosis depending on the current use of parenteral antiresorptive drugs (Zoledronic, Ibandronic acids, or Denosumab, n = 125) and compared the results with data of the patients with osteoporosis who did not use any anti-osteoporotic drugs previously (n = 70). Results. The group of patients with COVID-19 included 32.9 % of patients who did not receive previously any anti-osteoporotic treatment and 33.3 % of osteoporotic patients treated with parenteral antiresorptive drugs. The share of the patients taking the Zoledronic acid who fell ill with COVID-19 was 29.2 %, the share of those taking the Ibandronic acid was 34.4 %, and the share of those taking Denosumab was 42.9 %. We did not reveal any significant differences in the COVID-19 frequency and severity depending on the presence and type of parenteral anti-osteoporotic therapy. Additionally, there were no differences depending on the patients' age, gender, obesity, and other osteoporosis risk factors. The risk of COVID-19 in the patients with systemic osteoporosis did not differ depending on antiresorptive drug use, amounting (odds ratio (OR) 95 % CI) 1.1 (0.6-2.0), or on the use of the definite anti-osteoporotic drug (for the Zoledronic acid – 0.9 (0.4-2.0), the Ibandronic acid – 1.1 (0.5-2.3), and for the Denosumab – 1.6 (0.5-5.2). Conclusions. Parenteral anti-osteoporotic drugs (Zoledronic acid, Ibandronic acid, or Denosumab) do not have any influence on COVID-19 frequency and severity and can be recommended for the continuation of the treatment of patients with osteoporosis.
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Sánchez Márquez, Pedro, and Carlos Arturo Révérend Lizcano. "Factores de diferenciación génica y su futuro en el tratamiento de la osteoporosis: de la adipogénesis a la osteoblastogénesis, ¿del mismo modo y en sentido contrario?" Revista Colombiana de Endocrinología, Diabetes & Metabolismo 5, no. 4 (November 20, 2018): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.53853/encr.5.4.450.
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El presente artículo tiene como objetivo presentar de forma resumida los diferentes factores que están involucrados en la diferenciación y el mantenimiento del fenotipo óseo, en contraste con los factores adipogénicos, cuya expresión determina procesos de diferenciación mutuamente excluyentes. Por otro lado, se propone el posible uso terapéutico para distintas patologías óseas como la osteoporosis. Los datos fueron obtenidos de estudios clínicos aleatorizados y de revisión, en idioma español e inglés, de los últimos 15 años, que incluyeran los términos Mesh: Osteoporosis; Osteoporoses; Osteoporosis, Post-Traumatic; Osteoporosis, Senile; Osteoporosis, Age-Related; Bone Loss, Age-Related; Factors, Transcription; Transcription Factor; Adipogeneses; Bone Formation; Osteoclastogenesis; Endochondral Ossification; Endochondral Ossifications; Ossification, Endochondral; Ossification, Physiological; Ossification, Physiologic.
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Surmelioglu, Ozgur, Feyha Kahya Aydogan, Suleyman Ozdemir, Ozgur Tarkan, Aysun Uguz, Ulku Tuncer, and Lutfi Barlas Aydogan. "The Effect of Zoledronic Acid on Middle Ear Osteoporosis: An Animal Study." Ear, Nose & Throat Journal 97, no. 10-11 (October 2018): E44—E48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0145561318097010-1104.
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Hearing function in older patients may be related to bone structure. We conducted an experiment to evaluate the effect of zoledronic acid on osteoporotic middle ear ossicles in an animal model. Our subjects were 19 female New Zealand white rabbits (38 ears) weighing 2 to 4 kg. We divided the rabbits into three groups: one group consisted of 6 rabbits with osteoporotic ears that were treated with zoledronic acid; the second group was made up of 8 rabbits with osteoporotic ears that were not treated; a control group included 5 rabbits with normal ears that were untreated. After an oophorectomy, the 6 study rabbits were administered 0.1 ml/kg of zoledronic acid intravenously. All rabbits were sacrificed 16 weeks later, and the middle ear ossicles were removed for investigation under light microscopy. Although osteoporosis enhanced the osteoclastic bone resorption of the ossicles, zoledronic acid enhanced osteoblastic activity on osteoporotic middle ear ossicles. The incidence of osteoporosis was 93.8% in the untreated osteoporosis group and 33.3% in zoledronic acid group—a statistically significant difference (OR: 0.24; 95% CI: 0.09 to 0.58; p < 0.001). Osteoporosis appears to increase the resorption of the middle ear ossicles, a process that can be avoided with zoledronic acid administration. Prevention of the effects of osteoporosis in humans may help decrease the irreversible changes in the middle ear ossicles.
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BM, Rupakala, K. Anbazhaganb, S. Prabhakarac, and MPA Sailakshmia. "Expression of circulating Mir-139-5p is associated with Postmenopausal Osteoporosis in Indian women." MOJ Women's Health 10, no. 4 (October 7, 2021): 102–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/mojwh.2021.10.00297.
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Background: Osteoporosis in post-menopausal women is known to progress periodically and is highly associated with inflammation. MicroRNAs regulate inflammatory process, which may therefore control bone metabolism. Deregulation of miRNAs associated with inflammation may lead to development and progression of osteoporosis. We selected four miRNAs known to be involved in inflammation to test their association with post-menopausal osteoporosis. Methods: We quantified four circulating miRNAs, hsa-miR-139-5p, hsa-miR-342-3p, hsa-miR-146a and hsa-miR-24-3p in plasma samples of 25 post-menopausal osteoporosis and 25 post-menopausal healthy subjects. Related biochemical tests were done using Cobas e411 and ELISA. Results: Upon quantification of circulating miRNAs, we observed that hsa-miR-139-5p was expressed higher in post-menopausal osteoporotic samples (p=0.01). The expression of hsa-miR-24-3p was seen lower in osteoporotic samples though not highly significant (p=0.2). Conclusion: Differential expression of hsa-miR-139-5p and hsa-miR-24-3p was seen in osteoporosis subjects. These miRNA could be significantly involved in development and progression of osteoporosis. Further studies are required to highlight miRNAs’ involvement in regulating bone metabolism, which could be manipulated to use them as marker or therapeutic strategies to alleviate osteoporosis.
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Brook, Judith S., Elinor B. Balka, and Chenshu Zhang. "The Smoking Patterns of Women in Their Forties: Their Relationship to Later Osteoporosis." Psychological Reports 110, no. 2 (April 2012): 351–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/13.18.pr0.110.2.351-362.
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Osteoporosis is prevalent among women 50 years of age and older and accounts for numerous fractures and the related deaths of many sufferers. In this study, 22.4% of the women reported having osteoporosis. Smoking contributes substantially to osteoporotic fractures. This study assessed how different trajectories of women's smoking, covering the ages 40 to 48 years, relate to osteoporosis at age 65. Trajectory analysis of tobacco use data reveals smoking patterns which may have differing relationships to osteoporosis. Logistic regression analyses revealed the varying relationships of different smoking patterns to osteoporosis. As hypothesized, the chronic/heavy smokers were significantly more likely than the non-smokers to report having osteoporosis. Quitters and moderate smokers did not differ significantly from non-smokers on the osteoporosis measure. Chronic/heavy smokers should not be the only focus of public health efforts to reduce smoking and the associated risks of osteoporosis. The findings also highlight the efficacy of women smokers quitting in their 40s in order to reduce their likelihood of contracting osteoporosis.
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Chen, Shuqing, Yongqian Wang, Yubin Yang, Ting Xiang, Jiahui Liu, Houming Zhou, and Xinlin Wu. "Psoralen Inhibited Apoptosis of Osteoporotic Osteoblasts by Modulating IRE1-ASK1-JNK Pathway." BioMed Research International 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/3524307.
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Osteoporosis is a common disease causing fracture in older populations. Abnormal apoptosis of osteoblasts contributes to the genesis of osteoporosis. Inhibiting apoptosis of osteoblasts provides a promising strategy to prevent osteoporosis. The proliferation of osteoblasts isolated from osteoporotic patients or healthy subjects was determined by MTT assay. Apoptosis was determined by Annexin V/PI assay. Protein expression was measured by western blot. The proliferation of osteoblasts isolated from osteoporotic patients was inhibited and the apoptosis level of these cells was higher than the osteoblasts from healthy subjects. Incubation with psoralen or estradiol significantly enhanced the proliferation and decreased the apoptosis level of osteoporotic osteoblasts. Western blot demonstrated that psoralen or estradiol treatment downregulated the expression of IRE1, p-ASK, p-JNK, and Bax. Meanwhile, expression of Bcl-2 was upregulated. Pretreatment by IRE1 agonist tunicamycin or JNK agonist anisomycin attenuated the effect of psoralen on osteoporotic osteoblasts. Psoralen inhibited apoptosis of osteoporotic osteoblasts by regulating IRE1-ASK1-JNK pathway.
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Zhang, Li, Yunlong Yang, Dechun Geng, and Yonghua Wu. "Identification of Potential Therapeutic Targets and Molecular Regulatory Mechanisms for Osteoporosis by Bioinformatics Methods." BioMed Research International 2021 (March 10, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8851421.
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Background. Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mass, deterioration of bone tissue structure, and susceptibility to fracture. New and more suitable therapeutic targets need to be discovered. Methods. We collected osteoporosis-related datasets (GSE56815, GSE99624, and GSE63446). The methylation markers were obtained by differential analysis. Degree, DMNC, MCC, and MNC plug-ins were used to screen the important methylation markers in PPI network, then enrichment analysis was performed. ROC curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic effect of osteoporosis. In addition, we evaluated the difference in immune cell infiltration between osteoporotic patients and control by ssGSEA. Finally, differential miRNAs in osteoporosis were used to predict the regulators of key methylation markers. Results. A total of 2351 differentially expressed genes and 5246 differentially methylated positions were obtained between osteoporotic patients and controls. We identified 19 methylation markers by PPI network. They were mainly involved in biological functions and signaling pathways such as apoptosis and immune inflammation. HIST1H3G, MAP3K5, NOP2, OXA1L, and ZFPM2 with higher AUC values were considered key methylation markers. There were significant differences in immune cell infiltration between osteoporotic patients and controls, especially dendritic cells and natural killer cells. The correlation between MAP3K5 and immune cells was high, and its differential expression was also validated by other two datasets. In addition, NOP2 was predicted to be regulated by differentially expressed hsa-miR-3130-5p. Conclusion. Our efforts aim to provide new methylation markers as therapeutic targets for osteoporosis to better treat osteoporosis in the future.
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Jiang, Nathan S., Byron Newton, and Xuezhi Jiang. "An Overview of Osteoporosis Management." OBM Geriatrics 05, no. 04 (June 28, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21926/obm.geriatr.2104181.
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Osteoporosis is one of the most common disorders around the world. Osteoporotic fracture especially hip fracture are associated with an increased mortality rate in elders. However, elders with osteoporosis or at high risk of fractures remain largely underdiagnosed and undertreated. The screening, diagnosis, and treatment of osteoporosis must be improved to maintain pace with its fast-growing prevalence. This review will cover risk factors of osteoporosis, screening and diagnosis tools, newfound advancements, current medical treatments including options for special populations of concern, and future research directions.
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Kakehasi, Adriana M., Cláudia M. C. Mendes, Luiz G. V. Coelho, Luiz P. Castro, and Alfredo J. A. Barbosa. "The presence of Helicobacter Pylori in postmenopausal women is not a factor to the decrease of bone mineral density." Arquivos de Gastroenterologia 44, no. 3 (September 2007): 266–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-28032007000300016.
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BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis affects approximately 30% of postmenopausal women. Gastrectomy, pernicious anemia, and more recently Helicobacter pylori infection, have all been implicated in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. A reduced parietal cell mass is a common feature in these conditions. AIM: To study a possible relationship between chronic gastritis, parietal cell density of the oxyntic mucosa and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women, as chronic gastritis, Helicobacter pylori infection and osteoporosis are frequently observed in the elderly. METHODS: Fifty postmenopausal women (61.7 ± 7 years) were submitted to gastroduodenal endoscopy and bone densitometry by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Glandular atrophy was evaluated objectively by the determination of parietal cell density. Helicobacter pylori infection was evaluated by histology, urease test and breath test with 13C. RESULTS: Thirty-two patients (64%) presented chronic multifocal gastritis, and 20 of them (40%) showed signs of gastric mucosa atrophy. Lumbar spine osteoporosis was found in 18 patients (36%). The parietal cell density in patients with and without osteoporosis was 948 ± 188 and 804 ± 203 cells/mm², respectively. Ten osteoporotic patients (55%) and 24 non-osteoporotic patients (75%) were infected by Helicobacter pylori. CONCLUSION: Postmenopausal women with osteoporosis presented a well-preserved parietal cell density in comparison with their counterparts without osteoporosis. Helicobacter pylori infection was not different between the two groups. We concluded that neither atrophic chronic gastritis nor Helicobacter pylori seem to be a reliable risk factor to osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.
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Akkawi, Ibrahim, and Hassan Zmerly. "Osteoporosis: Current Concepts." Joints 06, no. 02 (June 2018): 122–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1660790.
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AbstractOsteoporosis is a worldwide disease characterized by reduction of bone mass and alteration of bone architecture resulting in increased bone fragility and increased fracture risk. Causes of osteoporosis include increasing age, female sex, postmenopausal status, hypogonadism or premature ovarian failure, low body mass index, ethnic background, rheumatoid arthritis, low bone mineral density (BMD), vitamin D deficiency, low calcium intake, hyperkyphosis, current smoking, alcohol abuse, immobilization, and long-term use of certain medications. The diagnosis of osteoporosis is established by measurement of BMD of the hip and spine using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. According to the World Health Organization criteria, osteoporosis is defined as a BMD that lies 2.5 standard deviation or more below the average value for young healthy women. Bone turnover biomarker detection may be useful in monitoring osteoporosis treatment and assessing fracture risk but not for diagnosis of osteoporosis. Management of osteoporosis consists of nonpharmacological interventions, which are recommended for all subjects, and pharmacological therapy in all postmenopausal women who have had an osteoporotic fracture or have BMD values consistent with osteoporosis.
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Reddish, Walton. "A Description of How Advanced Practice Nurses Screen for Osteoporosis in Maryland." Journal of Doctoral Nursing Practice 9, no. 1 (2016): 60–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/2380-9418.9.1.60.
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Osteoporosis is a major health problem in the United States, yet the evidence suggests that practitioners often fail to screen for osteoporosis risk and, as a result, underdiagnose and fail to treat the disease. Because little is known about how well advanced practice nurses (APNs) evaluate osteoporotic risk, determining the extent to which they screen may enhance our understanding of the scope of APN diagnostic practice. The purpose of this study was 3-fold: (a) to determine if APNs routinely screen for osteoporotic risks, (b) to ascertain how they screen, and (c) to identify barriers that influence osteoporosis screening. Survey methods were used to poll members of the Nurse Practitioner Association of Maryland (n = 357) who identified themselves as adult, family, geriatric, and women’s health nurse practitioners. The results suggest that master’s-prepared APNs screen for osteoporosis more so than APNs with doctor of nursing practice (DNP) degrees. In addition, adult APN screened more often than family APNs and APNs in urban areas screened more frequently than rural-based APNs. Logistic regression failed to predict which APNs were likely to screen for osteoporosis.
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Schulz, Karoline, Hannes Kalscheuer, and Hendrik Lehnert. "Personalisierte Osteoporose-Therapie." DMW - Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift 144, no. 16 (August 2019): 1111–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0841-8336.
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AbstractIn Germany, over six million people suffer from osteoporosis. Nearly half of the women over 70 years and nearly 20 % of men at the same age are affected. The clinical and socioeconomical relevance of the disease lies in osteoporotic fractures leading to extensive bone-associated morbidity, increased mortality and health care costs. Fracture risk algorithms and guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis help to assess the individual fracture risk. By calculating the individual fracture risk, the indication for specific osteoporosis treatment can objectively be determined. A consequent specific osteoporosis therapy is required for patients with a high fracture risk and is essential to prevent osteoporotic fractures and their consequences. As first-line therapy a drug with a proven fracture-reducing effect should be taken. However, for successful osteoporosis therapy, many individual factors have to be considered. A personalized treatment approach should be established according to the severity of the disease, the patient’s sex and comorbidities as well as the possible additive and side effects of the drug.
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Masri, Daya, Hiba Masri-Iraqi, Joseph Nissan, Sarit Naishlos, Yehonthan Ben-Zvi, Eli Rosenfeld, Gal Avishai, and Liat Chaushu. "On the Association between Dental Implants, Osteoporosis and Bone Modulating Therapy." Applied Sciences 13, no. 6 (March 7, 2023): 3398. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13063398.
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Background: Osteoporosis affects bone metabolism and may result in fragility fractures. Medications include bone modulating therapy (BMT), which come with the risk of osteonecrosis of the jaws (ONJ). The literature is contradictory about the impact of osteoporosis and/or BMT on dental implant success and the incidence of ONJ. Purpose: The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of osteoporosis and BMT on early implant failure (EIF) and ONJ incidence (primary outcome parameters) following dental implant placement. Materials and Methods: Retrospective, cohort study based on dental records. Implant-supported prostheses (ISP) were delivered by experienced oral and maxillofacial surgeons and prosthodontists. Inclusion criteria: diagnosis of osteoporosis, delivery of ISP, consecutive individuals, and available data. Confounding variables included—age, gender, smoking status, BMT, bone grafting, and implant length/diameter. Results: There were a total of 72 osteoporosis patients, 46 using and 26 not using BMT. There were a total of 279 inserted implants, 154 in those using and 124 in those not using BMT. Univariate analysis of factors that may affect EIF showed no statistically significant differences between non-osteoporotic, osteoporotic using BMT, and osteoporotic patients not using BMT regarding EIF and ONJ incidence following dental implant delivery. Multivariate model using logistic regression demonstrated one factor associated with increased risk for EIF—bone augmentation. No cases of ONJ were reported up to one year post ISP delivery in any group. Conclusions: Within the limitations of the present study, it can be concluded that installing dental implants in osteoporotic patients, treated or not with BMT, is a safe procedure with EIF comparable to non-osteoporotic patients. The short-term risk for ONJ following dental implant insertion in osteoporotic (even when using BMT) patients is negligible.
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Sharma, Preeti. "BIOCHEMICAL ALTERATIONS IN POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN HAVING OSTEOPORIC RISK." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 10, no. 2 (February 1, 2017): 214. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i2.15290.
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AbstractObjective: Osteoporosis is the most common disease worldwide, nutritional factors may play a significant role in the progression of the disease. The aim of this study was to assessment of various biochemical parameters in the postmenopausal women with osteoporosis or osteopenia.Material & Methods: In this hospital based study total 70 postmenopausal women, 45 to 80 year of age group, were studied. They were categorised in two groups as case I and Case II on the basis of diagnosis osteoporosis or osteopenia respectively. The bone mineral density using T score was estimated for diagnosis of osteoporosis or osteopenia. Bone mineral markers i.e. total, calcium and ionized calcium was estimated by colorimetric method. Serum phosphate was estimated by direct method and alkaline phosphatase was measured by kinetic method. Biochemical parameters i.e. urea was estimated by diacetyl monoxime method. Serum albumin and serum creatinine were measured by BCG method and Jaffe’s method respectively. Serum uric acid and magnesium were estimated by colorimetric method.Results: Total calcium and ionized calcium were significant (<0.05) between the groups. The levels of serum phosphate and alkaline phosphatase were higher in osteoporotic group but the results were not significant between the groups. Serum urea and serum albumin was comparatively higher and lower in osteoporotic group respectively but the findings were not significant between the groups. The significant results of serum creatinine, serum uric acid and serum magnesium were obtained while comparing between osteoporotic patients and osteopenia patients. The levels were higher in osteoporosis group. There was negative association of alkaline phosphatase with serum calcium and negative association with serum phosphate and uric acid.Conclusion: Biochemical alterations are characterized in osteoporotic as well as osteopenic patients. Monitoring of these parameters may be beneficial while giving the treatment to these patients for prevention the risk of other life threatening risks. Keywords: Osteoporosis, osteopenia, Alkaline Phosphatase, Serum Creatinine, Postmenopause
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Hofbauer, Lorenz C., Christine Hamann, and Peter R. Ebeling. "Approach to the patient with secondary osteoporosis." European Journal of Endocrinology 162, no. 6 (June 2010): 1009–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-10-0015.
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AbstractSecondary osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mass with microarchitectural alterations in bone leading to fragility fractures in the presence of an underlying disease or medication. Scenarios that are highly suspicious for secondary osteoporosis include fragility fractures in younger men or premenopausal women, very low bone mineral density (BMD) values, and fractures despite anti-osteoporotic therapy. An open-minded approach with a detailed history and physical examination combined with first-line laboratory tests are aimed at identifying clinical risk factors for fractures, osteoporosis-inducing drugs, and underlying endocrine, gastrointestinal, hematologic, or rheumatic diseases, which then need to be confirmed by specific and/or more invasive tests. BMD should be assessed with bone densitometry at the hip and spine. Lateral X-rays of the thoracic and lumbar spine should be performed to identify or exclude prevalent vertebral fractures which may be clinically silent. Management of secondary osteoporosis includes treatment of the underlying disease, modification of medications known to affect the skeleton, and specific anti-osteoporotic therapy. Calcium and vitamin D supplementation should be initiated with doses that result in normocalcemia and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations of at least 30 ng/ml. Oral and i.v. bisphosphonates are effective and safe drugs for most forms of secondary osteoporosis. Severe osteoporosis may require the use of teriparatide.
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Chen, Li-Ru, Peng-Hsuan Hou, and Kuo-Hu Chen. "Nutritional Support and Physical Modalities for People with Osteoporosis: Current Opinion." Nutrients 11, no. 12 (November 20, 2019): 2848. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11122848.
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Osteoporosis is a vital healthcare issue among elderly people. During the aging process, a gradual loss of bone mass results in osteopenia and osteoporosis. Heritable factors account for 60–80% of optimal bone mineralization, whereas modifiable factors such as nutrition, weight-bearing exercise, body mass, and hormonal milieu affect the development of osteopenia and osteoporosis in adulthood. Osteoporosis substantially increases the risk of skeletal fractures and further morbidity and mortality. The effective prevention of fractures by reducing the loss of bone mass is the primary goal for physicians treating people with osteoporosis. Other than pharmacologic agents, lifestyle adjustment, nutritional support, fall prevention strategies, exercise, and physical modalities can be used to treat osteoporosis or prevent further osteoporotic fracture. Each of these factors, alone or in combination, can be of benefit to people with osteoporosis and should be implemented following a detailed discussion with patients. This review comprises a systematic survey of the current literature on osteoporosis and its nonpharmacologic and nonsurgical treatment. It provides clinicians and healthcare workers with evidence-based information on the assessment and management of osteoporosis. However, numerous issues regarding osteoporosis and its treatment remain unexplored and warrant future investigation.
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Muratore, Maurizio, Francesco Conversano, Maria Daniela Renna, Paola Pisani, Valeria Villani, and Sergio Casciaro. "Social Impact of Osteoporotic Fractures." International Journal of Measurement Technologies and Instrumentation Engineering 4, no. 2 (April 2014): 39–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijmtie.2014040104.
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Osteoporosis affects about 200 million subjects in the world and is responsible for 8.9 million fractures each year. The frequency of osteoporotic fractures is rising in many countries, due to the increased longevity of the population. In Europe, the annual cost of all osteoporotic fractures has been estimated to be 30 billion of Euros. In this paper, after an overview of the socioeconomic impact of osteoporosis in the world and in Italy, with particular focus on Apulia region, the most important techniques used to assess the fracture risk are briefly described. Moreover, the most commonly used pharmacological agents for the treatment of osteoporosis are reported. The aim of this review is to analyze the main factors causing the huge impact of osteoporosis on healthcare system, in terms of diagnosis and therapies, and to illustrate recent advances for treatment and prevention of this “silent disease”.
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Reddy, Gowry, Priya Rathi, Unnikrishnan B., Surendra Kamath, and Kalpita Shringapure. "Are other feasible options available for screening of risk assessment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women at community level in Southern Coastal India." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 6, no. 1 (December 24, 2018): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20185142.
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Background: Osteoporosis is a chronic debilitating condition which exhibits iceberg phenomenon. Identification at an early stage of disease will enable preventive measures to reduce the incidence of disease and complications. Owing to the cost of diagnostic test, this study, various screening tools such as WHO fracture risk assessment tool, osteoporosis self-assessment tool for Asians, simple calculated osteoporosis risk estimation and osteoporosis risk assessment instrument have been used for assessment, in order to screen postmenopausal women in the preliminary stages.Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 107 postmenopausal women carried over a period of five months.Results: Prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia was 24.3% and 69.2%. The area under the curve for osteoporosis self-assessment tool for Asians (OSTA), simple calculated osteoporotic risk estimation (SCORE) and osteoporotic risk assessment instrument (ORAI) was 0.731, 0.407 and 0.172 respectively. OSTA proved to be effective in differentiating normal BMD from low BMD score (i.e., osteopenia and osteoporosis) with a cut off of 1.1, SCORE to be more effective in screening osteoporosis than the other tools because it had a higher positive probability with a cut off 22. FRAX tool predicted probability of five and three percent probability of major fracture and hip fracture risk in ten yearsConclusions: Various tools assessed in the studies can be utilized at community level for identifying high risk women in post-menopausal stage but with different cut offs. This will reduce the cost of screening and also facilitate non pharmacological measures to reduce the progression of disease.
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Sequetto, Priscila L., Reggiani V. Gonçalves, Aloísio S. Pinto, Maria G. A. Oliveira, Izabel R. S. C. Maldonado, Tânia T. Oliveira, and Rômulo D. Novaes. "Low Doses of Simvastatin Potentiate the Effect of Sodium Alendronate in Inhibiting Bone Resorption and Restore Microstructural and Mechanical Bone Properties in Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis." Microscopy and Microanalysis 23, no. 5 (July 26, 2017): 989–1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927617012363.
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AbstractBy using an experimental model of dexamethasone-induced osteoporosis we investigated the effects of different therapeutic schemes combining sodium alendronate (SA) and simvastatin on bone mineral and protein composition, microstructural and mechanical remodeling. Wistar rats were randomized into eight groups: G1: non-osteoporotic; G2: osteoporotic; G3, G4, and G5: osteoporotic+SA (0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 mg/kg, respectively); G6, G7, and G8: osteoporotic+SA (0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 mg/kg, respectively)+simvastatin (0.4, 0.6, and 1 mg/kg, respectively). Osteoporosis was induced by dexamethasone (7 mg/kg, i.m.) once a week for 5 weeks. All treatments were administered for 8 weeks. Dexamethasone increased serum levels of alkaline phosphatase, calcium, phosphorus, and urea, especially in non-treated animals, which showed severe osteoporosis. Dexamethasone also induced bone microstructural fragility and reduced mechanical resistance, which were associated with a marked depletion in mineral mass, collagenous and non-collagenous protein levels in cortical and cancellous bone. Although SA has attenuated osteoporosis severity, the effectiveness of drug therapy was enhanced combining alendronate and simvastatin. The restoration in serum parameters, organic and inorganic bone mass, and mechanical behavior showed a dose-dependent effect that was potentially related to the complementary mechanisms by which each drug acts to induce bone anabolism, accelerating tissue repair.
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Wang, Ning, Dongxing Xie, Jing Wu, Ziying Wu, Hongyi He, Zidan Yang, Tuo Yang, and Yilun Wang. "Selenium and bone health: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis." BMJ Open 10, no. 10 (October 2020): e036612. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036612.
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IntroductionBone health affects the ability of human body to stay active, and its degradation can cause considerable morbidity and mortality. The factors related to bone health play an important role in preventing osteoporosis and its adverse consequences. However, the risk factors for osteoporosis have not been fully elucidated. Deficiency in the trace element selenium may be one of the risk factors for the development of osteoporosis. Previous studies have investigated the effects of selenium on osteoporosis; however, the results are inconclusive. Therefore, the present study aimed to systematically examine the existing literature on the associations between dietary or serum selenium and bone mineral density (BMD), osteoporosis or osteoporotic fractures, and to quantify such associations through meta-analysis.Methods and analysisPubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library will be searched using a specified search strategy to identify relevant studies up to October 2019. Both interventional and observational studies in humans will be included. The outcomes will include BMD and the prevalence or incidence of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures. For dietary or serum selenium and BMD, osteoporosis or osteoporotic fractures pooled analyses, estimates will be expressed as the mean difference, and the pooled OR, relative risk, HR or beta coefficient, and corresponding 95% CIs. Heterogeneity of the studies and publication bias will be investigated accordingly. To assess the quality and the risk of bias of the included studies, the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Scale or the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool will be used where appropriate.Ethics and disseminationSince no private and confidential patient data will be included in the reporting, approval from an ethics committee is not required. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. The study raises no ethical issues.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019147188.