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Kaptoge, Stephen Kipkemoi. "Epidemiology of risk factors for osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.615203.
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Wilson, Aubrie. "Osteoporosis." Online version, 2009. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2009/2009wilsona.pdf.
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Misner, Scottie, and Vanessa A. Farrell. "Osteoporosis." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625576.
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4 p. / Originally published: 2000.Osteoporosis means “porous bones.” It is a condition where the skeleton becomes fragile and results in broken bones under normal use. Osteoporosis is a “silent” condition that happens slowly over years. The rate of bone loss (“resorption”) exceeds the rate of new bone formation (“acretion”). Many times neither a person nor a doctor is aware of weakened bones until one breaks unexpectedly. Originally published: 2000
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Misner, Scottie. "Osteoporosis." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/146661.
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4 pp.Originally published: 2000
Osteoporosis means "porous bones." it is a condition where the skeleton becomes fragile and results in broken bones under normal use. Osteoporosis is a "silent" condition that happens slowly over years. This publication discusses the symptoms and the risk factors of osteoporosis, as well as how to prevent it.
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Braz, Manuela Giuliani Marcondes Rocha. "Sequenciamento paralelo em larga escala de genes candidatos para fragilidade óssea em indivíduos com osteoporose grave, familiar ou idiopática." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5135/tde-22102018-123623/.
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A osteoporose é uma doença de alta prevalência na população geral, e a ocorrência de fraturas se associa a grande morbi-mortalidade e impacto econômico. Na maioria dos indivíduos afetados, a osteoporose tem etiologia multifatorial, com herdabilidade estimada entre 50 e 85%, atribuível a um conjunto de variantes genéticas de pequeno efeito individual. Raramente, há casos de osteoporose associada a síndromes monogênicas, decorrentes de defeitos genéticos de grande impacto. Postula-se que indivíduos com quadros extremos de osteoporose não sindrômica possam ter causa genética mono- ou oligogênica, atribuível a variantes de impacto intermediário sobre o fenótipo, ainda pouco reconhecidas. Nos últimos anos, o avanço das tecnologias de sequenciamento permitiu o reconhecimento de novos genes associados à fragilidade óssea e atualmente possibilita a análise simultânea de múltiplos genes. Neste contexto, os objetivos deste projeto de pesquisa foram: 1) buscar genes candidatos para fragilidade óssea previamente associados a doenças Mendelianas com alto impacto na resistência óssea, fenótipos extremos de osteoporose e estudos de associação genética em escala genômica (GWAS) para osteoporose; e 2) pesquisar a presença de variantes alélicas patogênicas nestes genes candidatos em indivíduos com osteoporose grave, familiar ou idiopática. A partir de revisão sistemática, 128 genes candidatos foram selecionados para compor um painel de sequenciamento paralelo em larga escala. O sequenciamento incluiu todos os éxons e 25 pares de bases das junções íntron-éxon. Foram consideradas variantes genéticas de interesse aquelas raras (frequência alélica < 1%) e com predição de alto impacto sobre a proteína codificada. Trinta e sete indivíduos (7 famílias e 21 casos isolados) foram selecionados seguindo critérios clínicos, laboratoriais e densitométricos restritivos, excluindo-se pacientes com causas secundárias de osteoporose. A coorte foi composta por homens em 54%, a mediana de idade ao diagnóstico foi 44 anos e 86% tinham histórico de fratura. Dentre os 28 casos índices, foram identificadas 33 variantes de interesse. Após análise de segregação familiar, foi possível excluir patogenicidade de cinco destas variantes, restando 28 variantes potencialmente patogênicas, presentes em 71% da coorte. Todas as variantes foram encontradas em heterozigose, sendo 26 variantes de ponto não-sinônimas, uma deleção de 9 pares de bases, e uma grande deleção envolvendo o único éxon codificador do gene candidato GPR68. Foi encontrada uma associação de variantes em genes diferentes em 21% da coorte, incluindo uma mulher jovem com osteoporose grave e variantes em WNT1, PLS3 e NOTCH2. A análise de segregação familiar neste caso sugeriu um efeito patogênico aditivo das variantes. Vinte e cinco porcento das variantes potencialmente patogênicas foram identificadas em genes candidatos bem estabelecidos (WNT1, PLS3, COL1A1, COL1A2), e 57% se localizam em novos genes candidatos identificados inicialmente por GWAS, como NBR1 e GPR68, também associados à alteração da remodelação óssea em modelos animais. Os resultados deste trabalho dão relevância a novos genes na fisiologia da resistência óssea e indicam um papel proeminente de interações digênicas/oligogênicas em casos de osteoporose grave, familiar ou idiopática. O reconhecimento de novas vias associadas à fragilidade óssea pode levar ao desenvolvimento de novos tratamentos, e a identificação de variantes patogênicas associadas à osteoporose pode, futuramente, permitir um manejo clínico personalizado de pacientes e seus familiaresOsteoporosis is a highly prevalent disorder resulting in fragility fractures and incurring in great morbi-mortality and economic burden. In most cases, osteoporosis has a multifactorial etiology, with an estimated heritability of 50-85% attributable to a combination of several low-impact genetic variants. Rarely, cases of syndromic osteoporosis due to high-impact genetic defects are seen. It is therefore hypothesized that severe/idiopathic cases of otherwise inconspicuous osteoporosis may have a monoor oligogenic etiology due to genetic variants with an intermediate effect. During the past years, advances in molecular sequencing have revealed novel candidate genes for bone fragility, and have enabled simultaneous sequencing of multiple genes. In this context, the objectives of this research project were: 1) to identify candidate genes for bone fragility, as previously reported in association to Mendelian disorders with high impact on bone resistance, idiopathic or familial osteoporosis, and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for bone mineral density and fragility fractures; and 2) to perform molecular analysis of these candidate genes in patients with severe, familial or idiopathic osteoporosis. Through a systematic review, 128 candidate genes were identified and included in a panel for massively parallel sequencing. Coding regions and 25-bp boundaries were captured and sequenced. Rare variants (allele frequency < 1%), with a predicted high impact on protein function were initially selected as variants of interest. Thirty-seven subjects (21 sporadic cases and 7 families) were included according to stringent criteria based on clinical and densitometric evaluation, excluding individuals with secondary osteoporosis. Males represented 54% of the cohort, median age at diagnosis was 44 years, and 84% of subjects had a history of fractures. Thirtythree variants of interest were identified initially. After familial segregation analysis, 5 variants were considered as benign in regard to bone fragility, resulting in 28 potentially pathogenic variants, all heterozygous, present in 71% of the cohort. Of these variants, 26 were nonsynonymous, there was one 9-bp deletion and one large deletion involving the only coding exon of candidate gene GPR68. An association of two or more variants in different genes was present in 21% of the cohort, including a young woman with severe osteoporosis and variants in WNT1, PLS3 and NOTCH2. Familial segregation in this case suggested an additive pathogenic effect of these variants. Twenty-five percent of potentially pathogenic variants were identified in well-established candidate genes (WNT1, PLS3, COL1A1, COL1A2), and 57% located to novel candidate genes initially identified by GWAS, such as NBR1 and GPR68, which have been previously associated to changes in bone remodeling in mouse models. These results support the involvement of GWAS genes in the pathophysyiology of osteoporosis, and indicate a prominent role for digenic/oligogenic interactions in cases of severe, familial or idiopathic osteoporosis. Recognition of new molecular pathways in the determination of bone fragility may lead to the development of new drugs, and the identification of pathogenic variants associated to osteoporosis may allow individualized clinical management of patients and their relatives
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Clarke, Michelle Mary. "The role of B-vitamin status, homocysteine and the MTHFR 677C-T polymorphism in bone health." Thesis, Ulster University, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.669658.
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Osteoporosis is a widespread problem and a major public health challenge, with one in two women and one in five men over the age of 50 years expected to experience an osteoporotic fracture. Various factors contribute to an increased risk of disease including female gender, Caucasian ethnicity, age, physical inactivity, inadequate status of calcium and vitamin D, excessive alcohol intake and smoking. In recent years convincing evidence has emerged linking low B-vitamins, the related metabolite homocysteine (Hcy), and a common polymorphism in folate metabolism (the MTHFR 677C~T polymorphism) with low bone mineral density (BMD) and an increased fracture risk. Patients with coeliac disease (CD), a common autoimmune inflammatory condition characterised by intestinal damage due to gluten consumption, are at increased risk both of osteoporosis and inadequate B-vitamin status. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the role of the B-vitamins, Hcy and the MTHFR 677C~T polymorphism in bone health and disease, including an evaluation of the potential protective role of Bvitamin supplementation in the maintenance of BMD in CD patients. The findings within this thesis provide evidence to supplier an association between bone health and biomarkers of B-vitamin status, particularly vitamin B 12 and vitamin B6, and Hcy (women only). Among those with the variant MTHFR 677TT genotype, a low status of riboflavin (women only), and folate, were associated with a 1.8-2.1 times increased risk of osteoporosis. Preliminary findings from the on-going randomised controlled trial (RCT) suggest a beneficial effect of combined folic acid (400 Ilg/d) and vitamin B 12 (10 Ilg/d) supplementation for a 2 year period on BMD, particularly at the spine in male CD patients, but no firm conclusions can be drawn until completion of the trial. In conclusion, the achievement of optimal B-vitamin status may be important for bone health in normal ageing and within CD patients.
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Pereira, Erika Cristina Sbrisse. "Estudo longitudinal dos efeitos da deficiência estrogênica no fêmur de ratas /." São José dos Campos : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/95875.
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Resumo: É cada vez maior a parcela de pessoas idosas na população brasileira e com este fenômeno o número de pessoas afetadas por patologias crônico-degenerativas. Dentre estas uma doença que merece destaque é a osteoporose, uma vez que vem se tornando um problema de saúde pública. Um dos principais fatores de risco para osteoporose é a deficiência estrogênica, sendo assim este estudo objetivou avaliar o efeito da deficiência estrogênica no tecido ósseo durante um período de 360 dias através de análise radiográfica e biomecânica. Para tanto 80 ratas, com 3 meses de idade e peso de aproximadamente 250g, foram divididas em 10 grupos experimentais (n=8) de acordo com o tempo de sacrifício e cirurgia a que foram submetidas (ovariectomia e cirurgia sham). As ratas pertencentes aos grupos OVZ e SHAM tiveram sua ração controlada (30g por animal). Após o período determinado (30, 60, 90, 180 e 360 dias das cirurgias) as ratas foram pesadas, anestesiadas e sacrificadas e seus fêmures retirados para análise. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos ao teste estatístico ANOVA e Tukey, com nível de significância de 5%. De acordo com os resultados obtidos observou-se que nos períodos de 30, 60 e 90 dias os efeitos da deficiência estrogênica sobre o tecido ósseo foram significativosAbstract: The Brazilian population has undergone a process of aging, and this phenomenon with the number of people affected by chronic diseases is increasing. Among these a disease that deserves mention is osteoporosis, since it has become a public health problem. One of the main risk factors for osteoporosis is estrogen deficiency, so to better understand how estrogen deficiency affects the bone tissue present study aimed to evaluate the effect of estrogen deficiency on bone tissue over a period of 360 days by radiographic and biomechanics analysis. For this purpose 80 rats, 3 months old and weighing about 250g were divided into 10 groups (n = 8) according to the time of sacrifice and who underwent surgery (ovariectomy and sham surgery). The rats belonging to groups OVZ and SHAM had controlled his diet (30g per animal). After the specified period (30, 60, 90, 180 and 360 days of surgery) the rats were weighed, anesthetized and sacrificed, and their femurs were removed for analysis. Data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey tests with significance level of 5%. According to the results obtained showed that in periods of 30, 60 and 90 days the effects of estrogen deficiency on bone tissue were significant
Orientador: Rosilene Fernandes da Rocha
Coorientador: Luana Marotta Reis de Vasconcellos
Banca: Juliana Madureira de Souza Lima Alonso
Banca: Mari Eli Leonelli de Moraes
Mestre
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Vanhook, Patricia M., Lynne M. Dunphy, T. South, L. Plank, and C. Luskin. "Osteoarthritis and Osteoporosis." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7411.
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Book Summary: Serves the needs of advanced practice nurses because it’s written by nurse practitioners for nurse practitioners, in collaboration with a physician. Organizes content around the Circle of Caring framework for nursing-based knowledge and holistic care. Explores complementary and alternative treatments for each disorder. Covers the broadest range of human disease and disorders using a systems-based approach, presenting both common complaints and common problems to help students narrow down the possible differentials to the most likely diagnosis. Considers interactions of pharmaceuticals with alternative medications and nutraceuticals. Features coverage of pathophysiology and diagnostic reasoning as well as up-to-date guidance on laboratory and diagnostic tests. Emphasizes evidence-based practice with information on evidence levels and more references to primary studies. Integrates discussions of health policy and primary care throughout the text.
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Freitas, Deborah Queiroz de 1977. "Avaliação do efeito radioprotetor do selenito de sodio na reparação de tibias de ratas ovariectomizadas." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/290143.
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Orientador: Solange Maria de AlmeidaTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: A osteoporose e a irradiação são fatores que interferem no processo de reparação óssea e podem ocorrer simultaneamente, especialmente em mulheres idosas. Atualmente, várias substâncias, conhecidas como radioprotetores, têm sido estudadas, pois minimizam os efeitos deletérios da radiação; dentre eles, pode-se citar o selênio. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o efeito radioprotetor do selenito de sódio no processo de reparo ósseo em ratas ovariectomizadas submetidas à irradiação. Para isso, oitenta ratas foram submetidas à ovariectomia e divididas em quatro grupos: ovariectomizado, ovariectomizado/selênio, ovariectomizado/irradiado e ovariectomizado/selênio/irradiado. Quarenta dias após, um defeito ósseo foi confeccionado nas tíbias dos animais. Dois dias após essa cirurgia, os animais dos grupos ovariectomizado/selênio eovariectomizado/selênio/irradiado receberam 0,8 mg Se/Kg de peso corpóreo. No dia seguinte, apenas os animais pertencentes aos grupos ovariectomizado/irradiado e ovariectomizado/selênio/irradiado receberam 10 Gy de radiação X na região dos membros inferiores. Os animais foram sacrificados 7, 14, 21 e 28 dias após a cirurgia. O processo de reparação óssea foi avaliado por análise morfológica, utilizando-se a coloração pelo Tricrômico de Masson, e por análise do número de trabéculas ósseas e da birrefrigência (coloração pelo Picrosírius). Pela análise morfológica, foi possível observar um atraso no processo de reparo ósseo nos animais do grupo ovariectomizado/irradiado e similaridade entre os grupos ovariectomizado, ovariectomizado/selênio e ovariectomizado/selênio/irradiado, o que demonstrou o efeito radioprotetor do selênio sem toxicidade
Abstract: Osteoporosis and ionizing radiation affect the bone healing and people can suffer both conditions, especially older women. At the moment, antioxidant radioprotectors have been evaluated, such selenium compounds. This study aimed at evaluating the selenium protection in the bone repair process in ovariectomized rats submitted to an irradiation procedure. For this purpose, eighty ovariectomized female Wistar rats were randomly divided in four experimental groups: ovariectomized, ovariectomized/selenium, ovariectomizedlirradiated and ovariectomized/selenium/irradiated. Abone defect was made on all animals' tibias forty days after ovariectomy. Two days after surgery, only ovariectomized/selenium and ovariectomized/seleniumlirradiated rats received 0.8 mg Se/Kg. Three days after surgery, only ovariectomized irradiated and ovariectomized/selenium/irradiated rats received 10 Gy of X rays on the lower limbs region. The animals were sacrificed 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after surgery in order to assess the repair process, which was evaluated by morphologic analysis in Masson Tricromic. lt was also evaluated by analysis of trabecular bone number in Masson Tricromic and birefringence analysis in Picrosirius. It was possible to observe a delay in the bone repair process in the irradiated/ovariectomized group and similarity between ovariectomized, ovariectomized/selenium and ovariectomized/selenium/irradiated, which proved the selenium radioprotection without its toxicity
Doutorado
Radiologia Odontologica
Doutor em Radiologia Odontológica
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Ferreira, Gabriel Ramalho [UNESP]. "Avaliação do reparo ósseo na interface osso/implante em ratas com osteoporose induzida tratadas com raloxifeno ou alendronato: análise histométrica, imunoistoquímica, por epifluorescência e biomecânica." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/127657.
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000846999.pdf: 3202334 bytes, checksum: 42c4628c71bee25da9831c39ef405651 (MD5)O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o reparo ósseo na interface osso/implante em ratas com osteoporose induzida. As ratas submetidas à ovariectomia bilateral foram alimentadas com uma dieta pobre em cálcio. Dois grupos receberam tratamento medicamentoso (raloxifeno [OVX RAL] ou alendronato [OVX ALE]) e outro grupo não recebeu nenhuma medicação (OVX ST). O grupo controle foi submetido à cirurgia fictícia e foi alimentado com uma dieta normal (SHAM DN). Cada animal recebeu um implante em cada tíbia. Os animais foram eutanasiados após 14 ou 42 dias. Foram realizadas as análises biomecânica (torque reverso), extensão linear de contato osso/implante (ELCOI) e dinâmica óssea periimplantar pela proporção dos fluorocromos calceína/alizarina, aplicando-se a análise de variância ANOVA e o pós-teste de Tukey (p<0,05). A imunoistoquímica marcou a precipitação de osteoprotegerina (OPG), RANKL, TRAP e osteocalcina (OC). O medicamento RAL melhorou o reparo ósseo periimplantar, em que o grupo ALE foi semelhante ao grupo OVX ST. Não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas no torque reverso (p = 0,861), na precipitação dos fluorocromos (calceína/alizarina) e na ELCOI entre os grupos OVX RAL e grupo controle - SHAM DN (p > 0,05). As imunomarcações de OPG e RANKL foram similares para os grupos RAL e SHAM; houve moderada expressão de OC aos 14 dias. A TRAP foi marcada intensamente aos 42 dias para o grupo OVX. Portanto, o raloxifeno melhorou o reparo ósseo periimplantar de ratas osteoporóticas, sugerindo a sua indicação no tratamento da osteoporose.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the bone healing in bone/implant interface in rats with induced osteoporosis. The rats underwent bilateral ovariectomy were fed a diet low in calcium. Two groups received drug treatment (raloxifene [OVX RAL] or alendronate [OVX ALE]) and the other group received no medication (OVX NT). The control group underwent sham surgery and was fed a normal diet (SHAM ND). Each animal received an implant on the tibia. The animals were euthanized after 14 or 42 days. The biomechanical analysis (reverse torque), linear extension contact bone / implant (BIC) and bone dynamics periimplantar by the proportion of fluorochrome calcein/alizarin, applying the ANOVA and Tukey's post-test (p<0.05). Immunohistochemistry marked precipitation of osteoprotegerin (OPG), RANKL, TRAP and osteocalcin (OC). The RAL improved drug peri-implant bone repair, wherein the ALE OVX group was similar to the ST group. There were no statistically significant differences in reverse torque (p = 0.861), precipitation of fluorochromes (calcein/alizarin) and BIC between OVX RAL and control groups - SHAM ND (p> 0.05). The immunostaining of OPG and RANKL were similar to RAL and SHAM groups; there was moderate OC expression at 14 days. TRAP was marked intensely at 42 days for the OVX group. Therefore, raloxifene improved peri-implant bone repair of osteoporotic rats, suggesting its indication in the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Borgström, Fredrik. "Health economics of osteoporosis /." Stockholm, 2006. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2006/91-7140-781-2/.
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Duncan, Emma. "The genetics of osteoporosis." Thesis, Open University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.394799.
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Mandourah, A. Y. "Circulating microRNAs in osteoporosis." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2017. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3012228/.
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Osteoporosis is the most common age-related bone disease. It is clinically symptomless until the first fracture happens and once diagnosed it is often found to be associated with low bone mineral density (LBMD) of T-Score ≤ -2.5. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been used successfully as promising biomarkers to diagnose and assess the progression of complex diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular diseases, as well as the effectiveness of treatment. This research aims to identify circulatory miRNAs associated with the progression of osteoporosis in a test group of patients using advanced PCR arrays initially and the identified differentially-expressed miRNAs were validated in individual clinical specimens using RT-qPCR. The potential target genes were analyzed using bioinformatics tools. Ethical approval was obtained prior to patient recruitment. A total of 161 participants were recruited and assigned to five groups: Non-Osteoporosis control group (T-Score ≥-1), osteopenia (T-Score < -1 and > -2.5 SD), osteopenia with fracture (T-Score <-1 and >-2.5 SD), osteoporosis (T-Score ≤ -2.5 SD) and osteoporosis with fracture (T-Score ≤ -2.5 SD). RNAs were extracted and analyzed from all serum and plasma samples. A panel of 49 differentially expressed miRNAs (up or down by > 3 fold) between osteopenia and osteoporosis patient groups was identified using a miRNA PCR Array. Six miRNAs: miR-215-5p, miR-99a-5p, miR-100, miR-373-5p, miR-4516 and miR-122-5P, were significantly differentially-expressed between osteoporosis and osteopenia patients by initial RT-qPCR screening. Further analysis showed that the levels of circulating miRNAs: hsa-miR-373-5p, hsa-miR-122-5p and hsa-miR-215-5p and plasma hsa-4516 were associated with fragility fracture, and correlated with low bone mineral density. The results suggest that these miRNAs could be potential diagnostic biomarkers for osteoporosis in the future. Potential target genes of these miRNAs were also analyzed using bioinformatics tools. The project demonstrated that circulating miRNAs can be purified from serum and plasma and could be developed as critical diagnostic tools for osteoporosis.
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Kalla, Asgar Ali. "Osteoporosis in rheumatoid arthritis." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26297.
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The literature is replete with reports of osteoporosis in rheumatoid arthritis, but the mechanism of bone loss remains obscure. This is probably due to the overlap with bone loss of aging and the menopause, whose exact mechanisms are also poorly understood. Against this background, a study was designed to evaluate generalised bone loss in young, premenopausal (if female), patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The protocol was designed to record demographic data, as well as information pertaining to the disease. Cortical bone mass was measured at the metacarpals and left femur, using an automated, computer-controlled technique. Trabecular bone was evaluated at the left femur (Singh index) as well as at the 3rd lumbar vertebra (Saville index). Bone kinetics were studied by the measurement of urinary excretion of calcium, phosphate and hydroxy-praline (resorption) and serum alkaline phosphatase (formation). Disease activity was measured clinically and with laboratory indices. Physical activity was indirectly measured by quantitating the disability, using the Keitel function test as well as a modified health assessment questionnaire (HAQ). The radiograph of the right wrist was scored by the Larsen index. The carpometacarpal ratio was also calculated from the radiograph. Numerous statistical techniques were applied in the analysis of the data. Healthy volunteers were used as controls. Patients with SLE were also studied, in order to compare the 2 inflammatory diseases. Patients with RA had generalised cortical bone loss (metacarpal and femur) (p < 0.001). Trabecular bone measurements were not significantly different from normals, using the crude radiographic techniques. Duration of disease was the most important clinical determinant of this bone loss. The relative contributions of disease activity and lack of physical activity to the loss of bone could not be adequately separated using conventional statistical techniques. Corticosteroid therapy did not promote metacarpal bone loss in these subjects, but may have contributed to thinning of the femoral cortex. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and disease modifying agents did not seem to influence the extent of the bone loss. Nutritional status and skinfold thickness did not correlate with bone mass. Dietary factors played no role in the genesis of bone loss, but may have had some effect on disease activity. Metacarpal measurements showed a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 85% in discriminating between osteopaenic and normopaenic groups with RA. Osteopaenia could not be adequately predicted in the absence of metacarpal measurements. Metacarpal bone loss in RA was due to endosteal resorption, while in SLE it was due to periosteal resorption. The semi-automatic technique for measurement of metacarpal bone mass showed good reproducibility among 5 observers and at 2 different centres. The pathogenesis of bone loss in RA was multifactorial, the largest contribution probably coming from a humoral factor in the circulation, closely related to disease activity. Ionised calcium was elevated in 55% of RA patients, but only 5% of SLE patients. Serum PTH levels were normal in 99% of the RA subjects. Elevations in alkaline phosphatase. (25%) probably reflected disease activity rather than increased bone formation. Factor analysis of 27 variables showed that disease activity was central to the development of OP in RA. CS therapy tended to be used in the presence of active disease. Disability was not an important determinant of bone loss in RA, but may be a useful measure of activity of the disease. This study did not evaluate the relationships with sex hormonal status or vitamin D metabolism. Future research should aim at cohort analysis at 2 different periods, in order to improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of bone loss in RA.
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Faria, Paula Cristina de [UNESP]. "Análise dos sinais radiográficos da densidade óssea mineral em radiografias panorâmicas em pacientes na pré e pós menopausa." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/98008.
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De acordo com a Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS), a osteoporose está atrás apenas das doenças cardiovasculares como um problema de saúde mundial (2007). Atingindo cerca de um terço das mulheres na pósmenopausa tornou-se uma das doenças osteometabólicas mais comuns. A identificação de indivíduos com baixa densidade óssea mineral e alto risco de fraturas é a base de qualquer programa preventivo de osteoporose. Indivíduos de alto risco deveriam ser encaminhados para realização do Dual Energy X ray Absorptiometry (DXA) considerada o exame padrão ouro de avaliação da densidade mineral óssea, no entanto o DXA tem disponibilidade limitada para uso de rotina no rastreamento populacional. Existem métodos qualitativos e quantitativos realizados em radiografias panorâmicas, denominados índices radiomorfométricos que podem ser capazes de identificar mulheres na pós-menopausa com indicação de realização de densitometria óssea. O propósito deste trabalho volta-se para a investigação sobre utilização de radiografias panorâmicas e índices radiomorfométricos como método auxiliar para diagnóstico de osteoporose em mulheres pós-menopáusicas
According to World Health Organization (WHO), osteoporosis is the second only to cardiovascular diseases as a global health problem (2007). Reaching about one third of postmenopausal women. It has become one of the most common bone metabolic diseases. The identification of individuals with low bone mineral density and high fractures risk is the foundation of any preventive osteoporosis program. High risk individuals should be referred for dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) considered the gold standard of bone mineral density assessment, however bone densitometry has a limited availability for routine use in population screening. There are qualitative and quantitative methods performed on panoramic radiographs, called radiomorfometricos rates, which may identify postmenopausal women with bone densitometry indication. The purpose of this paper was to evaluate panoramic radiographs and radiomorphometric use as an auxiliary method for osteoporosis diagnosis in postmenopausal women
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Puttini, Igor de Oliveira. "Análise histológica, imunoistoquímica e por micro-ct do processo de reparo alveolar de ratos orquiectomizados submetidos à terapia com teriparatida /." Araçatuba, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/150763.
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Orientador: Roberta OkamotoCoorientadora: Mariza Akemi Matsumoto
Banca: Sonia Regina Panzarini
Banca: Ana Cláudia Rossi
Resumo: Objetivos: Avaliar a influência da teriparatida, administrada sistemicamente, nas características morfológicas e estruturais do osso reparacional formado durante o processo de reparo alveolar em ratos com osteoporose induzida (orquiectomizados). Materiais e Métodos: Foram utilizados 48 ratos divididos 3 em grupos discriminados a seguir: 16 ratos orquiectomizados tratados com teriparatida, 16 ratos orquiectomizados sem tratamento e 16 ratos sham. Deste modo, dividindo-se 8 ratos para análise histológica e para a análise imuno-histoquímica que foi feita através da expressão das proteínas TRAP, osteocalcína, e WNT, com período de eutanásia em 42 dias (tecidos descalcificados), e 8 ratos para análise microtomográfica (tecidos calcificados), nesta análise o período de eutanásia foi de 60 dias pós exodôntico. Os dados quantitativos foram submetidos ao teste de normalidade e este indicou um teste estatístico mais adequado (paramétrico VS não paramétrico). Foi adotado para todos os testes nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: A análise histológica mostrou melhores padrões de neoformação óssea para o grupo ORQTRAT com maior quantidade de tecido mineralizado e pouco tecido conjuntivo. Os resultados imunohistoquímicos novamente mostraram um padrão de reparo melhor no grupo ORQTRAT com marcações mais intensas de wnt e osteocalcína e marcações mais fracas de trap. Aos resultados da microtomografia novamente o grupo ORQTRAT se demostrou melhor que os demais, com maior volume ósseo (B... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Mestre
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Faria, Paula Cristina de. "Análise dos sinais radiográficos da densidade óssea mineral em radiografias panorâmicas em pacientes na pré e pós menopausa /." São José dos Campos:, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/98008.
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Orientador: Luiz Cesar de MoraesBanca: Cristiane Yumi Koga Ito
Banca: Cláudio Freitas
Resumo: De acordo com a Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS), a osteoporose está atrás apenas das doenças cardiovasculares como um problema de saúde mundial (2007). Atingindo cerca de um terço das mulheres na pósmenopausa tornou-se uma das doenças osteometabólicas mais comuns. A identificação de indivíduos com baixa densidade óssea mineral e alto risco de fraturas é a base de qualquer programa preventivo de osteoporose. Indivíduos de alto risco deveriam ser encaminhados para realização do Dual Energy X ray Absorptiometry (DXA) considerada o exame padrão ouro de avaliação da densidade mineral óssea, no entanto o DXA tem disponibilidade limitada para uso de rotina no rastreamento populacional. Existem métodos qualitativos e quantitativos realizados em radiografias panorâmicas, denominados índices radiomorfométricos que podem ser capazes de identificar mulheres na pós-menopausa com indicação de realização de densitometria óssea. O propósito deste trabalho volta-se para a investigação sobre utilização de radiografias panorâmicas e índices radiomorfométricos como método auxiliar para diagnóstico de osteoporose em mulheres pós-menopáusicas
Abstract: According to World Health Organization (WHO), osteoporosis is the second only to cardiovascular diseases as a global health problem (2007). Reaching about one third of postmenopausal women. It has become one of the most common bone metabolic diseases. The identification of individuals with low bone mineral density and high fractures risk is the foundation of any preventive osteoporosis program. High risk individuals should be referred for dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) considered the gold standard of bone mineral density assessment, however bone densitometry has a limited availability for routine use in population screening. There are qualitative and quantitative methods performed on panoramic radiographs, called radiomorfometricos rates, which may identify postmenopausal women with bone densitometry indication. The purpose of this paper was to evaluate panoramic radiographs and radiomorphometric use as an auxiliary method for osteoporosis diagnosis in postmenopausal women
Mestre
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Ferreira, Pedro Henrique Silva Gomes. "Efeito da teriparatida (PTH 1-34) no reparo ósseo periimplantar em ratos submetidos à orquiectomia /." Araçatuba, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/148879.
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Orientador: Roberta OkamotoCoorientador: Leonardo Perez Faverani
Banca: Idelmo Rangel Garcia Junior
Banca: Clóvis Marzola
Resumo: Objetivos: Avaliar a morfometria e dinâmica óssea periimplantar em ratos submetidos à orquiectomia, tratados com teriparatida. Materiais e Métodos: 18 ratos foram divididos em 3 grupos: SHAM - cirurgia fictícia, ORQ - orquiectomia, e ORQTERI - orquiectomia bilateral, tratados com teriparatida. Cada animal recebeu um implante na metáfise tibial. Aos 14 e 42 dias de pós-operatório, foram administrados os fluorocromos calceína e alizarina, respectivamente. A eutanásia ocorreu ao 60 dias após a instalação dos implantes. As peças foram analisadas na microtomografia computadorizada (microCT) para avaliação dos parâmetros de volume e percentual de volume ósseo (BV, BV/TV), espessura do trabeculado (Tb.Th), número e separação de trabéculas (Tb.N, Tb.Sp) e percentual de porosidade total, (Po-tot). Para microscopia confocal a laser, a mensuração da área dos fluorocromos, da taxa diária de aposição mineral (MAR), da extensão linear de contato osso/implante (ELCOI) e área de osso neoformado (AON), foi realizada no programa Image J. Os dados não paramétricos foram comparados pelo teste Kruskal-Wallis e paramétricos pelo teste ANOVA 1 ou 2 fatores. Como pós-teste, os testes de Holm-Sidak, ou Tukey foram aplicados, com nível de significância a 5%. Resultados: Para os parâmetros BV, BV/TV, Tb.Th, o grupo ORQTERI apresentou os maiores valores em relação aos demais grupos e, para Po-tot, os menores valores foram para o grupo ORQTERI (ORQ: p<0,05 e SHAM: p>0,05). Para Tb.Sp o grupo SHAM apres... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Objectives: To evaluate morphometry and peri-implant bone dynamics in rats submitted to orchiectomy, treated with teriparatide. Materials and Methods: 18 rats were divided into 3 groups: SHAM - fictitious surgery, ORQ - orchiectomy, and ORQTERI - bilateral orchiectomy, treated with teriparatide. Each animal received an implant in the tibial metaphysis. At the 14 and 42 postoperative days, calcein and alizarin were administered, respectively. Euthanasia occurred 60 days after implant installation. The pieces were analyzed by computerized microtomography (microCT) for evaluation of volume and percentage of bone volume (BV, BV/TV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), number and separation of trabeculae (Tb.N, Tb.Sp) and percentage of total porosity, (Po-tot). For laser confocal microscopy, the area of the fluorochromes, the mineral apposition rate (MAR), the linear bone implant contact (ELCOI) and the newly formed bone area (AON) were measured in Image J. The nonparametric data were compared by the Kruskal-Wallis test and parametric by the ANOVA 1 or 2 factor test. As a post-test, the Holm-Sidak or Tukey tests were applied, with significance level at 5%. Results: For the parameters BV, BV/TV, Tb.Th, the ORQTERI group presented the highest values in relation to the other groups and, for Po-tot, the lowest values were for the ORQTERI group (ORQ: p <0.05 and SHAM: p> 0.05). For !27 Tb.Sp the SHAM group presented the best result (ORQ: p<0.05 and ORQTERI: p>0.05), and Tb.N, there was no statistically significant difference in the comparison of intragroup results (p>0.05). For MAR and fluorochemical evaluation, ORQTERI showed better peri-implantar bone turnover (ORQ: p <0.05), for ELCOI and AON, the SHAM group presented the highest results (ORQ: p <0.05). Conclusions: Treatment with Teriparatide improves bone dynamics, in addition to increasing the volume and quality of peri-implant bone
Mestre
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Au, Wing-mui Andes. "Identifying women at risk of osteoporosis using osteoporosis self assessment tool for Asians /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B38295805.
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Au, Wing-mui Andes, and 區詠梅. "Identifying women at risk of osteoporosis using osteoporosis self assessment tool for Asians." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45012027.
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Ormarsdóttir, Sif. "Osteoporosis in chronic liver disease." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Medical Sciences, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-660.
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Ormarsdóttir, S. 2001. Osteoporosis in Chronic Liver Disease. Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Medicine 1037. 60 pp. Uppsala. ISBN 91-554-5021-0.
Osteoporosis is a well-known and frequently reported complication of chronic liver disease (CLD) with a high fracture rate contributing to significant morbidity after liver transplantation. The pathogenesis is unknown and controversy exists about many risk factors for osteoporosis in CLD.
In the present thesis, bone mineral density (BMD) was found to be significantly lower at the lumbar spine (p<0.01) in a cohort of patients with CLD compared with age- and gender -matched individuals. Osteoporosis was found in 30% of the patients and 15% of the controls, respectively. Low body mass index (BMI), corticosteroid treatment, prothrombin time, age and female gender were independent risk factors for osteoporosis in the patients.
In a follow-up study, 43 of 72 patients were available for a second BMD measurement 25 months (median) after the first. Bone loss at the femoral neck was 1.5 ± 2.4% in females and 2.9 ± 2.0% in males with a significant decrease in BMD Z-score over time (p=0.005 and p=0.02 for females and males, respectively), indicating increased bone loss at this site. Hyperbilirubinaemia and low circulating levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 predicted increased bone loss at the femoral neck. These findings suggest that cortical bone, in addition to trabecular bone, may be affected in CLD and bilirubin and vitamin D3 may be involved in the pathophysiology of osteoporosis in CLD.
In order to elucidate the suggested role of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and leptin in the pathophysiology of osteoporosis in CLD, we studied the relationship between these factors and BMD. Levels of IGFs were extremely low (p<0.0001 compared with the controls) and related to liver function but no correlation was found between the IGFs and BMD. Serum leptin adjusted for BMI correlated negatively with BMD in female patients (p=0.003 and p=0.04 at the lumbar spine and the femoral neck, respectively) and in male patients at the femoral neck (p=0.04). Thus, the IGFs appear not to be involved in the pathophysiology of osteoporosis in CLD but a role of circulating leptin is possible.
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Wilson, Sandra. "Medullary bone and avian osteoporosis." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/27065.
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Medullary bone is a type of woven bone birds produce in response to oestrogen. It acts as a mineral reservoir for the calcium demands of egg shell formation. The morphology and distribution of medullary bone in the modern laying hen at different stages in its life was investigated are described. Modern commercial laying hens suffer from osteoporosis (structural bone loss), leading to bone fractures. The association between structural bone loss and medullary bone modelling and remodelling was investigated in three further studies. Bone samples were processed for examination with light microscopy and ultrastructurally. Histomorphometric techniques were used to quantify cancellous, cortical, and medullary bone volumes in undecalcified sections of samples collected from three studies. In the first of these studies, female fowl were killed either during ovarian follicular development, after laying a single egg, or half way through the laying cycle. Structural bone volume decreased significantly during both medullary bone modelling and subsequent remodelling. Medullary bone volume increased significantly during the same period. In the second study, medullary bone modelling was induced in male fowl by the administration of oestrogen, and prevented in female fowl by tamoxifen. Oestradiol-treated males had significantly lower structural bone volumes than control males, while tamoxifen-treated females had significantly higher structural bone volumes than control females. The final study determined the effects of the bisphosphonate alendronate on the structural bone loss associated with medullary bone modelling and remodelling. Alendronate administered before follicular development resulted in significantly greater structural bone volumes both at the onset of lay and at mid-lay than in vehicle-treated controls.
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Ormarsdóttir, Sif. "Osteoporosis in chronic liver disease /." Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2001. http://publications.uu.se/theses/91-554-5021-0/.
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Middleton, Edward Thomas. "The treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis." Thesis, University of Hull, 2008. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:2181.
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Osteoporosis is a skeletal condition in which bone strength is compromised leading to a propensity to fragility fractures. Osteoporotic fractures have significant consequences for both the individual, due to the resulting morbidity and mortality, and for society in terms of resource implications. Fortunately, in recent years there have been an increasing number of treatments available. This thesis aims to investigate current topical areas regarding the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Keen, Richard William. "Genetic epidemiology of postmenopausal osteoporosis." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2000. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/genetic-epidemiology-of-postmenopausal-osteoporosis(15d66e32-f0bb-4b51-9e82-60646699d319).html.
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Mansell, Jason Peter. "The collagenous matrix in osteoporosis." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282570.
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Pereira, Erika Cristina Sbrisse [UNESP]. "Estudo longitudinal dos efeitos da deficiência estrogênica no fêmur de ratas." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/95875.
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pereira_ecs_me_sjc.pdf: 320845 bytes, checksum: 821167f1d3ca3ecc1ba294d338ee4837 (MD5)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
É cada vez maior a parcela de pessoas idosas na população brasileira e com este fenômeno o número de pessoas afetadas por patologias crônico-degenerativas. Dentre estas uma doença que merece destaque é a osteoporose, uma vez que vem se tornando um problema de saúde pública. Um dos principais fatores de risco para osteoporose é a deficiência estrogênica, sendo assim este estudo objetivou avaliar o efeito da deficiência estrogênica no tecido ósseo durante um período de 360 dias através de análise radiográfica e biomecânica. Para tanto 80 ratas, com 3 meses de idade e peso de aproximadamente 250g, foram divididas em 10 grupos experimentais (n=8) de acordo com o tempo de sacrifício e cirurgia a que foram submetidas (ovariectomia e cirurgia sham). As ratas pertencentes aos grupos OVZ e SHAM tiveram sua ração controlada (30g por animal). Após o período determinado (30, 60, 90, 180 e 360 dias das cirurgias) as ratas foram pesadas, anestesiadas e sacrificadas e seus fêmures retirados para análise. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos ao teste estatístico ANOVA e Tukey, com nível de significância de 5%. De acordo com os resultados obtidos observou-se que nos períodos de 30, 60 e 90 dias os efeitos da deficiência estrogênica sobre o tecido ósseo foram significativos
The Brazilian population has undergone a process of aging, and this phenomenon with the number of people affected by chronic diseases is increasing. Among these a disease that deserves mention is osteoporosis, since it has become a public health problem. One of the main risk factors for osteoporosis is estrogen deficiency, so to better understand how estrogen deficiency affects the bone tissue present study aimed to evaluate the effect of estrogen deficiency on bone tissue over a period of 360 days by radiographic and biomechanics analysis. For this purpose 80 rats, 3 months old and weighing about 250g were divided into 10 groups (n = 8) according to the time of sacrifice and who underwent surgery (ovariectomy and sham surgery). The rats belonging to groups OVZ and SHAM had controlled his diet (30g per animal). After the specified period (30, 60, 90, 180 and 360 days of surgery) the rats were weighed, anesthetized and sacrificed, and their femurs were removed for analysis. Data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey tests with significance level of 5%. According to the results obtained showed that in periods of 30, 60 and 90 days the effects of estrogen deficiency on bone tissue were significant
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Cunha, Marcelo Rodrigues da. "Implantes tridimensionais de colageno polianionico em falhas osseas produzidas no femur de ratas ovariectomizadas." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/317943.
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Orientadores: Selma Candelaria Genari, Arnaldo Rodrigues dos Santos JuniorTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: Recentemente, existe um interesse no desenvolvimento de biomateriais que possam ser utilizados na substituição do tecido ósseo ou que atuem como indutores na reparação em caso de fraturas ou defeitos ósseos. Os biomateriais constituídos de elementos de matriz extracelular tridimensionais (MECa) compostas de colágeno/elastina apresentam a vantagem de poder sofrer alterações nas suas propriedades por modificações químicas do colágeno, resultando em matrizes carregadas positivo ou negativamente. Tais modificações podem melhorar as propriedades mecânicas e fisiológicas da MECa. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a capacidade das MECa de colágeno nativo e polianiônica no processo de reparação de defeitos produzidos no fêmur de ratas ovariectomizadas. Foram realizados defeitos na porção do côndilo femoral de ratas normais e ovariectomizadas. Foi feita a análise das características morfológicas, físicas e mecânicas do osso formado na região. A análise do material demonstrou ausência de alterações patológicas nas áreas implantadas, sugerindo que o material usado é biocompatível. A análise microscópica revelou que a área que recebeu a membrana de colágeno nativa teve menor quantidade de osso neoformado. Nos animais ovariectomizados que receberam membranas polianiônicas, observou-se um atraso no processo da regeneração na falha óssea, principalmente naqueles que não foram submetidos à reposição hormonal. A densidade e percentual mineral foi menor nos animais ovariectomizados e a resistência mecânica foi maior nas áreas que receberam membrana polianiônica 96 (PMC96). Conclui-se que nos casos de osteoporose por deficiência hormonal, a melhor membrana a ser utilizada num reparo ósseo é a polianiônica 96, pois proporciona crescimento ósseo mais rápido e de boa qualidade mecânica
Abstract: There has been recent interest in the development of biomaterials that can be used as replacement of bone tissue or that act as inducer of the healing process in the case of bone fractures or defects. Biomaterials consisting of three-dimensional extracellular matrix elements (aECM) composed of collagen/elastin have the advantage that their properties can be altered by introducing chemical modifications to the collagen that result in positively or negatively charged matrices. These modifications may improve the mechanical and physiological properties of aECM. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of aECM consisting of native and polyanionic collagen on the healing process of defects created in the femur of ovariectomized rats. Defects were created in the femoral condyle of intacts and ovariectomized rats and the morphological, physical and mechanical characteristics of the bone formed in the region were analyzed. The results showed the absence of pathological alterations on implanted areas, suggesting that the implants were biocompatible. Microscopic analysis verified that areas that received native membrane had less quantity of neoformed bone. In ovariectomized animals that received anionic membranes, we observed a delay in bone regeneration, mainly in animals that did not receive hormonal replacement. The density and mineral matter percentage was smaller in ovariectomized animals and the a mechanical resistance was greater in the area receiving the 96 polyanionic membrane (PMC96). Thus, we conclude that in cases of osteoporosis due to hormone deficiency, the 96 polyanionic membrane possibly is the best to be used for bone repair since it provides faster bone growth, as well as good mechanical resistance
Doutorado
Anatomia
Doutor em Biologia Celular e Estrutural
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Corazza, Adalberto Vieira 1975. "Os efeitos biomoduladores da fototerapia e do treinamento resistido no tecido muscular e ósseo de ratas ovariectomizadas." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/288441.
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Orientador: Paulo Henrique Ferreira CariaTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: O treinamento resistido (TR) é utilizado para prevenir e recuperar a sarcopenia e a osteoporose e, a terapia por Diodos Emissores de Luz - Light Emitting Diodes Terapy (LEDT) age como preventivo e curativo de lesões osteoneuromioarticulares. Essas premissas definiram como propósito desse estudo avaliar a associação da LED com o TR na prevenção da sarcopenia e da osteoporose em ratas ovariectomizadas. Setenta ratas Wistar foram divididas em sete grupos (n=10/grupo): controle-sedentáriaovariectomizada (CO); controle-sedentária sem-ovariectomizada (CS); exercitadaovariectomizada (EOV); exercitada sem-ovariectomia (ES); LEDT ovariectomizada (LOV); LEDT exercitada ovariectomizada (LEO) e LEDT e exercitada semovariectomia (LES). As ratas saltaram dentro de um cilindro com água aquecida (4 séries de 10 repetições, com 30 s de repouso entre as séries) e sobrecarga de 50% a 80% da massa corpórea, durante 12 semanas. A LEDT foi de 850 ± 10 nm, 100 mW, 120 J/cm² e área do feixe de luz com 0,5 cm², e irradiada em único ponto com contato direto no centro do trocanter maior do fêmur direito. Nos grupos EOV, LOV e LEO, em relação ao grupo CO, houve aumento do volume muscular no reto femoral direito indicado pela histomorfometria assim como no IGF-1, citocinas inflamatórias do tipo interleucina 1 (IL-1) e fator de necrose tumoral alfa (TNF-?), nas análises laboratoriais. Na análise das citocinas, o grupo LEO apresentou aumento significante (p<0,05) na concentração de interleucina-6 quando comparadas aos demais grupos e, reduziu significantemente a concentração de lactato sérico em relação ao grupo EOV enquanto carregava carga de 70% a 80% da massa corporal. A fração de volume e espessura do osso trabecular foram maiores no grupo EOV em relação ao CO (p < 0,05). A associação da LEDT ao exercício resistido colaborou para aumento do volume ósseo em ratas com 15 meses de idade sem-ovariectomia (p < 0,05). A fototerapia atenuou o declínio da função muscular durante o treinamento resistido de alta intensidade e preveniu a sarcopenia. A associação da fototerapia ao treinamento resistido em ratas sem ovariectomia aumentou volume ósseo em relação ao treinamento isolado. Nas ratas ovariectomizadas o exercício isolado ou associado a LEDT preveniram a osteopenia
Abstract: Resistance training (RT) is used to prevent and recover sarcopenia and osteoporosis and Light Emitting Diode Therapy (LEDT) acts as a preventive and curative osteoneuromioarticulate injuries. The purpose of this study was evaluate the association of LEDT with TR to prevent sarcopenia and osteoporosis in depressed hormone rats. Seventy Wistar rats were divided into seven groups (n = 10): control-sedentary ovariectomized (CO), control-sedentary sham-ovariectomized (CS), resistance training ovariectomized (TO), resistance training sham-ovariectomized (TS), LEDT-sedentary ovariectomized (L), LEDT plus resistance training ovariectomized (LTO) and LEDT plus resistance training sham-ovariectomized (LTS). Rats jumped into a cylinder with warm water (4 sets of 10 times for 30 seconds rest between sets) and over 50% to 80% of body mass for 12 weeks. The LEDT was 850 ± 10 nm, 100 mW, 120 J/cm ² and the area of the light beam with 0.5 cm ², and irradiated in the center of the greater trochanter of the right femur. Groups EOV, LOV LEO comparet to the CO group has increase rectus femoris muscle volume indicated by histomorphometry as well as in IGF-1, inflammatory cytokines like interleukin 1 and tumor necrosis factor alpha, in laboratory tests. The cytokines analysis, the LEO group showed significant increase (p <0.05) in the concentration of interleukin-6 compared to other groups and significantly reduced the serum concentration of lactate in relation to the EOV, while carrying a load of 70% to 80% of body mass. The volume fraction and trabecular thickness were higher in the EOV compared to CO group (p <0.05). The association of LEDT with resistance exercise contributed to the increase in bone volume in rats 15 months old nonovariectomized (p <0.05). Phototherapy attenuate the decline in muscle function during high-intensity resistance training and prevented sarcopenia. The combination of phototherapy with resistance training in sham-ovariectomized rats increased bone volume in relation to training alone. In ovariectomized rats osteopenia was prevented by exercise
Doutorado
Anatomia
Doutor em Biologia Buco-Dental
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Nakashima, Cassia Tiemi Fukuda. "O uso de radiografias panorâmicas como um método para predizer a massa óssea em mulheres na pós-menopausa." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23146/tde-15032012-165516/.
Full textAbstract:
Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar se a avaliação da cortical mandibular é um método confiável para predizer a densidade mineral óssea utilizando a Morfologia da Cortical Mandibular e a Espessura da Cortical Mandibular em radiografias panorâmicas. Métodos: Duzentos e doze mulheres na pós-menopausa (59,28 ± 4,99 anos) foram incluídas. Questionários estruturados foram aplicados para identificar fatores demográficos e fatores de risco para a osteoporose. A densidade mineral óssea foi medida por dupla absorção de raios-X. A osteoporose foi classificada de acordo com critérios da Organização Mundial da Saúde (T-score -2,5) e foi o padrão ouro para seu diagnóstico. A Morfologia da Cortical Mandibular e a Espessura da Cortical Mandibular foram avaliadas baseadas em métodos validados para verificar as características radiográficas da mandíbula. Resultados: A sensibilidade, a especificidade, os valores preditivos e a acurácia para a identificação de osteoporose pelos parâmetros radiográficos foram analisadas. Resultados para a Morfologia da Cortical Mandibular e a Espessura da Cortical Mandibular foram os seguintes: sensibilidade de 58,33% e 50,00%; especificidade 91,86 e 91,25% e acurácia de 74,08% e 69,91%, respectivamente. A área sob a curva ROC foi de 0,74. O ponto de corte foi 3,4 mm para identificação de osteoporose por meio da Espessura da Cortical Mandibular. Conclusão: Este estudo demonstrou que radiografias panorâmicas são um procedimento confiável para excluir a osteoporose.Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate if the assessment of the mandibular cortical is a reliable method to predict bone mineral density using Mandibular Cortical Erosion and Mandibular Cortical Width from panoramic radiographs. Methods: Two hundred and eleven postmenopausal women (59.28 ± 4.99 years) were enrolled, and structured questionnaires were administered to identify demographic and risk factors for osteoporosis. Bone mineral density was measured by Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Osteoporosis was classified according to the World Health Organization criteria (T-score -2.5) and it was reference gold standard for osteoporosis diagnosis. Mandibular Cortical Erosion and Mandibular Cortical Width were assessed based on validated methods for evaluating the radiographic characteristics of the mandible. Results: Sensitivities, specificities, predictive values and accuracies for osteoporosis identification by Mandibular Cortical Erosion and Mandibular Cortical Width were evaluated. Respective results for Mandibular Cortical Erosion and Mandibular Cortical Width were as follows: sensitivity 58.33% and 50.00%; specificity 91.86% and 91.25% and accuracy 74.08% and 69.91%. The area under the ROC curve was 0.74 and the cutoff point was 3,4mm to identify osteoporotic women with Mandibular Cortical Width. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that panoramic radiographs are a reliable procedure to exclude osteoporosis and suggests that this methodology could be used to diagnose normal bone density and exclude large populations from unnecessary Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
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Salgado, Miriane Carneiro Machado [UNESP]. "Remodelação óssea do fêmur de ratas submetidas ao consumo de álcool e/ou à deficiência de estrógeno: análise imunoistoquímica e histomorfométrica." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/147118.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
O consumo excessivo de álcool constitui importante problema de saúde pública e possui ainda relação direta com a perda óssea mediante desequilíbrio da remodelação óssea, diminuição das taxas de reabsorção e também da osteogênese. A deficiência estrogênica também está diretamente associada à osteoporose, pois leva ao aumento da formação de osteoclastos e diminuição da síntese de osteoblastos, gerando um desequilíbrio no processo de remodelação óssea. A combinação de osteoporose e consumo de álcool pode ter efeito sinérgico e deletério sobre o tecido ósseo e tem sido objeto de estudos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar possíveis alterações no metabolismo ósseo em fêmures de ratas submetidas ao alcoolismo crônico e deficiência estrogênica induzida por ovariectomia, por meio de análise histomorfométrica e imunoistoquímica. Foram utilizadas 90 ratas (Rattus norvegicus, variação albinus, Wistar) com 3 meses de idade, divididas em 6 diferentes grupos de igual número (15), conforme o tipo de dieta e quanto à presença ou ausência hormonal: Grupo 1: ovariectomia simulada (Sham), água e dieta livre; Grupo 2: Sham tratado com doses diárias de solução alcoólica a 20%; Grupo 3: Sham e alimentação isocalórica aos grupos associados ao álcool, fornecida por meio de solução aquosa de sacarose e dieta sólida; Grupo 4: ovariectomia, água e dieta sólida livre; Grupo 5: ovariectomia tratado com doses diárias de solução alcoólica a 20%; Grupo 6: ovariectomia e alimentação isocalórica semelhante ao grupo 3. Após 8 semanas do início da dieta, fez-se a eutanásia de todos os animais, e os fêmures foram removidos. A análise da dieta mostrou que o grupo Ovz dieta livre foi o que mais ganhou peso e o que mais ingeriu ração, apresentando diferenças significativas com relação aos demais grupos. Os animais dos grupos álcool consumiram em média 16 gramas de álcool por dia, sendo que o Sham álcool consumiu mais álcool, quando comparado ao Ovz álcool. Através da histomorfometria foi observado que os animais ovariectomizados apresentaram menor quantidade de osso trabecular em porcentagem, do que os sham operados, porém, sem diferença significativa. Os marcadores da remodelação óssea, RANKL, Osteoprotegerina e Osteocalcina, utilizados nas reações imunoistoquímicas, não mostraram alterações significativas no processo de remodelação óssea. Concluiu-se que ratas adultas jovens, esqueletalmente imaturas, submetidas ao alcoolismo crônico moderado, à remoção dos ovários ou à associação de ambos, mantêm as características de remodelação óssea cortical e trabecular do fêmur preservadas.
Excessive alcohol consumption is an important public health problem and also has direct relation with bone loss by imbalancing bone turnover. Estrogen deficiency is directly associated with osteoporosis, because it leads to an unequal bone resorption and formation by increased osteoclast formation and decreased synthesis of osteoblasts. The combination of osteoporosis and consumption of alcohol can have deleterious and synergistic effect on bone tissue and has been the subject of several studies. The objective of this study will be to investigate possible changes in bone metabolism in femurs of rats submitted to chronic alcoholism and estrogen deficiency induced by ovariectomy. We used 90 rats (Rattus norvegicus, Albinus variation, Wistar) with 3 months old. The animals were divided into six different groups of equal number, according to the type of diet and the presence or absence of hormones: Group 1: sham ovariectomized (sham), water and free diet, Group 2: Sham treated daily with alcoholic solution of 20% and feed ad libitum; Group 3: Sham isocaloric nutritional control group – treated with liquid diet containing sucrose with the same average calories ingested on the eve by the alcohol group and solid diet; Group 4: ovariectomy, water and solid diet free; Group 5: ovariectomy treated daily with alcoholic solution of 20% and feed ad libitum; Group 6: ovariectomy isocaloric nutritional control group like group 3. After 8 weeks from the beginning of the diet, all animals were sacrificed and femurs were removed. Diet analysis showed that the Ovx ad libitum was the group that ingested more feed and gained more weight, showing significant differences with the other groups. The animals of alcohol groups, consuming on average 16 grams of alcohol per day, Sham alcohol group consumed more alcohol, as compared to OVZ alcohol. Femurs were evaluated by histomorphometric analysis and immunohistochemical analysis, using the markers, RANKL, Osteoprotegerin and Osteocalcin. The histomorphometric analysis evidenced that ovariectomized animals showed, in percentage, a lower amount of trabecular, than the sham operated, but without significant differences. Markers of bone turnover in immunohistochemical reactions showed no significant changes in bone remodeling process. It was concluded that the combination of estrogen deficiency and moderate chronic alcohol consumption did not cause deleterious effects on bone remodeling of the femur of young adult rats.
FAPESP: 13/19517-13
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Salgado, Miriane Carneiro Machado. "Remodelação óssea do fêmur de ratas submetidas ao consumo de álcool e/ou à deficiência de estrógeno : análise imunoistoquímica e histomorfométrica /." São José dos Campos, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/147118.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Yasmin Rodarte CarvalhoBanca: Camila Porto de Deco
Banca: Naira Correia Cusma Pelógia
Banca: Luana Marotta Reis de Vasconcellos
Banca: Luciane Dias de Oliveira
Resumo: O consumo excessivo de álcool constitui importante problema de saúde pública e possui ainda relação direta com a perda óssea mediante desequilíbrio da remodelação óssea, diminuição das taxas de reabsorção e também da osteogênese. A deficiência estrogênica também está diretamente associada à osteoporose, pois leva ao aumento da formação de osteoclastos e diminuição da síntese de osteoblastos, gerando um desequilíbrio no processo de remodelação óssea. A combinação de osteoporose e consumo de álcool pode ter efeito sinérgico e deletério sobre o tecido ósseo e tem sido objeto de estudos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar possíveis alterações no metabolismo ósseo em fêmures de ratas submetidas ao alcoolismo crônico e deficiência estrogênica induzida por ovariectomia, por meio de análise histomorfométrica e imunoistoquímica. Foram utilizadas 90 ratas (Rattus norvegicus, variação albinus, Wistar) com 3 meses de idade, divididas em 6 diferentes grupos de igual número (15), conforme o tipo de dieta e quanto à presença ou ausência hormonal: Grupo 1: ovariectomia simulada (Sham), água e dieta livre; Grupo 2: Sham tratado com doses diárias de solução alcoólica a 20%; Grupo 3: Sham e alimentação isocalórica aos grupos associados ao álcool, fornecida por meio de solução aquosa de sacarose e dieta sólida; Grupo 4: ovariectomia, água e dieta sólida livre; Grupo 5: ovariectomia tratado com doses diárias de solução alcoólica a 20%; Grupo 6: ovariectomia e alimentação isocalórica semelhan... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Excessive alcohol consumption is an important public health problem and also has direct relation with bone loss by imbalancing bone turnover. Estrogen deficiency is directly associated with osteoporosis, because it leads to an unequal bone resorption and formation by increased osteoclast formation and decreased synthesis of osteoblasts. The combination of osteoporosis and consumption of alcohol can have deleterious and synergistic effect on bone tissue and has been the subject of several studies. The objective of this study will be to investigate possible changes in bone metabolism in femurs of rats submitted to chronic alcoholism and estrogen deficiency induced by ovariectomy. We used 90 rats (Rattus norvegicus, Albinus variation, Wistar) with 3 months old. The animals were divided into six different groups of equal number, according to the type of diet and the presence or absence of hormones: Group 1: sham ovariectomized (sham), water and free diet, Group 2: Sham treated daily with alcoholic solution of 20% and feed ad libitum; Group 3: Sham isocaloric nutritional control group - treated with liquid diet containing sucrose with the same average calories ingested on the eve by the alcohol group and solid diet; Group 4: ovariectomy, water and solid diet free; Group 5: ovariectomy treated daily with alcoholic solution of 20% and feed ad libitum; Group 6: ovariectomy isocaloric nutritional control group like group 3. After 8 weeks from the beginning of the diet, all animals were sacrificed and femurs were removed. Diet analysis showed that the Ovx ad libitum was the group that ingested more feed and gained more weight, showing significant differences with the other groups. The animals of alcohol groups, consuming on average 16 grams of alcohol per day, Sham alcohol group consumed more alcohol, as compared to OVZ alcohol. Femurs were evaluated by histomorphometric ...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso
Doutor
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Momesso, Gustavo Antonio Correa. "Strontium ranelate improves alveolar bone healing in osteopenic rats /." Araçatuba, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/149978.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Roberta OkamotoCoorientador: Leonardo Perez Faverani
Banca: Idelmo Rangel Garcia Junior
Banca: Ronaldo Célio Mariano
Resumo: Este estudo objetivou avaliar o reparo ósseo alveolar em ratas osteopênicas tratadas com ranelato de estrôncio. Trinta e três ratas fêmeas com 3 meses de idade foram selecionadas e divididas em 3 grupos experimentais: OVX (animais submetidos à ovariectomia sem tratamento medicamentoso); SHAM (animais submetidos à cirurgia fictícia sem tratamento medicamentoso) e OVX-RE (animais submetidos à ovariectomia e tratados com ranelato de estrôncio). Inicialmente, os animais foram submetidos à cirurgia de ovariectomia bilateral para indução de condição osteopênica. O tratamento medicamentoso iniciou 30 dias após o procedimento cirúrgico com duração até o momento de eutanásia. Trinta dias após o início do tratamento, foi realizado a extração do incisivo superior direito dos animais para posterior avaliação do reparo alveolar. Os animais do grupo descalcificado foram submetidos à eutanásia aos 14 dias após a extração dentária, sendo as amostradas destinadas às análises histológica e imunoistoquímica. Os animais do grupo calcificado foram submetidos à eutanásia aos 60 dias após a extração dentária, sendo as amostras destinadas às análises por microscopia confocal e microtomográfica. Os resultados histológicos evidenciaram que o grupo OVX-RE demonstrou melhor aspecto de neoformação óssea, com trabéculas mais espessas e baixa presença de tecido conjuntivo, comaprado ao grupo OVX. Os resultados imunoistoquímicos demonstraram intensa marcação de OPG para o grupo OVX-RE e intensa marcação de... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: This study aimed evaluate alveolar bone healing in osteopenic rats treated with strontium ranelate. Thirty-three three months's old female rats were selected and diveded into three groups: OVX (animals underwent to ovariectomy with no drug treatment); SHAM (animals underwent to fake surgery with no drug treatment) and OVXSR (animals underwent to ovariectomy treated with strontium ranelate). Firstly, animals undewent to bilateral ovariectomy to induce osteopenic condition. Drug treatment started at 30 days after, during the all experimental period. Thirty days after, it was performed extraction of the right upper incisor tooth, to further evaluation of alveolar healing. Animals from decalcified group were euthanized at 14 days after tooth extraction, and its samples were destinated to histological and immunohistochemestry analysis. Animals from calcified group were euthanized at 60 days and its samples were destinated to confocal microscopy and micro-tomography analysis. Histological results showed that OVX-SR group had the better aspect of new bone formation, with few number of trabecular bone and poor presence of connective tissue compared to OVX group. Immunohistochemestry results showed an intense labeling of OPG for OVX-SR group and intense labeling of RANKL for OVX group. Regarding confocal microscopy analysis, it was possible observed that OVX-SR group showed a significance greater amount of alizarin precipitation compared to another both groups (Tukey test - P < 0.05).... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
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Ferreira, Gabriel Ramalho. "Avaliação do reparo ósseo na interface osso/implante em ratas com osteoporose induzida tratadas com raloxifeno ou alendronato : análise histométrica, imunoistoquímica, por epifluorescência e biomecânica /." Araçatuba, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/127657.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Roberta OkamotoCoorientador: Roelf Justino Cruz Rizzolo
Banca: Hugo Nary Filho
Banca: Mariza Matsumoto
Banca: Ronaldo Célio Mariano
Banca: Idelmo Rangel Garcia Junior
Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o reparo ósseo na interface osso/implante em ratas com osteoporose induzida. As ratas submetidas à ovariectomia bilateral foram alimentadas com uma dieta pobre em cálcio. Dois grupos receberam tratamento medicamentoso (raloxifeno [OVX RAL] ou alendronato [OVX ALE]) e outro grupo não recebeu nenhuma medicação (OVX ST). O grupo controle foi submetido à cirurgia fictícia e foi alimentado com uma dieta normal (SHAM DN). Cada animal recebeu um implante em cada tíbia. Os animais foram eutanasiados após 14 ou 42 dias. Foram realizadas as análises biomecânica (torque reverso), extensão linear de contato osso/implante (ELCOI) e dinâmica óssea periimplantar pela proporção dos fluorocromos calceína/alizarina, aplicando-se a análise de variância ANOVA e o pós-teste de Tukey (p<0,05). A imunoistoquímica marcou a precipitação de osteoprotegerina (OPG), RANKL, TRAP e osteocalcina (OC). O medicamento RAL melhorou o reparo ósseo periimplantar, em que o grupo ALE foi semelhante ao grupo OVX ST. Não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas no torque reverso (p = 0,861), na precipitação dos fluorocromos (calceína/alizarina) e na ELCOI entre os grupos OVX RAL e grupo controle - SHAM DN (p > 0,05). As imunomarcações de OPG e RANKL foram similares para os grupos RAL e SHAM; houve moderada expressão de OC aos 14 dias. A TRAP foi marcada intensamente aos 42 dias para o grupo OVX. Portanto, o raloxifeno melhorou o reparo ósseo periimplantar de ratas osteoporóticas, sugerindo a sua indicação no tratamento da osteoporose.
Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the bone healing in bone/implant interface in rats with induced osteoporosis. The rats underwent bilateral ovariectomy were fed a diet low in calcium. Two groups received drug treatment (raloxifene [OVX RAL] or alendronate [OVX ALE]) and the other group received no medication (OVX NT). The control group underwent sham surgery and was fed a normal diet (SHAM ND). Each animal received an implant on the tibia. The animals were euthanized after 14 or 42 days. The biomechanical analysis (reverse torque), linear extension contact bone / implant (BIC) and bone dynamics periimplantar by the proportion of fluorochrome calcein/alizarin, applying the ANOVA and Tukey's post-test (p<0.05). Immunohistochemistry marked precipitation of osteoprotegerin (OPG), RANKL, TRAP and osteocalcin (OC). The RAL improved drug peri-implant bone repair, wherein the ALE OVX group was similar to the ST group. There were no statistically significant differences in reverse torque (p = 0.861), precipitation of fluorochromes (calcein/alizarin) and BIC between OVX RAL and control groups - SHAM ND (p> 0.05). The immunostaining of OPG and RANKL were similar to RAL and SHAM groups; there was moderate OC expression at 14 days. TRAP was marked intensely at 42 days for the OVX group. Therefore, raloxifene improved peri-implant bone repair of osteoporotic rats, suggesting its indication in the treatment of osteoporosis.
Doutor
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Jamal-Allial, Aziza Abudlah. "Survey of Saudi Arabian physicians observed use by postmenopausal females of nutrition, lifestyle changes and medication prescriptions for osteoporosis prevention and treatment /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1422934.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2004."Master of Science in Nutritional Science with minor in Statistics"--T.p. Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 127-146). Also available on the Internet.
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Bustamante, Malaver Dora Socorro. "Validez del cuestionario mores (male osteoporosis risk estimation score) en el tamizaje de osteoporosis masculina en clínica del reumatismo y osteoporosis Lima-marzo-mayo 2014." Doctoral thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2015. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/4487.
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Objetivo: Evaluar la validez del Cuestionario MORES (Male Osteoporosis Risk Estimation Score-MORES) en el tamizaje de osteoporosis masculina teniendo como examen de referencia a la densitometría ósea. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, análitico, prospectivo y correlacional en 100 pacientes con densitometría ósea agrupados en: 50 con osteoporosis y 50 sin osteoporosis. Se les realizó un examen físico y aplicó el cuestionario MORES. Se obtuvo el consentimiento informado, luego se elaboró una base informática en el programa SPSS.21 y se realizó un análisis estadístico descriptivo, prueba de correlación de Pearson, curva ROC y tabla de doble entrada para obtener la sensibilidad-especificidad. Se obtuvo las pruebas del chi cuadrado y
T de Student con significancia estadística p<0.05. Resultados: La edad media de los varones estudiados fue mayor en los que tenían osteoporosis (65.58±11.08 vs. 57.38±7.85 años respectivamente). El sedentarismo, consumo excesivo de café y la inmovilización prolongada resultaron ser factores de riesgo para osteoporosis masculina (p<0.001) y tabaquismo (p<0.05), 96% eran osteoporosis primaria y 8% osteoporosis grave. La sensibilidad del cuestionario de MORES para tamizaje de osteoporosis masculina fue del 96%, especificidad del 88%, valor predictivo positivo de 89% y valor predictivo negativo de 96%. correlación de Pearson (r=0.843) y área bajo la curva ROC de 0.980 Conclusiones: El cuestionario MORES es válido para el tamizaje de la
osteopenia/osteoporosis para la población masculina mestiza mayor de 50 años.Tesis
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Andrade, Sara Rosa de Sousa. "A ultrassonografia no rastreamento da qualidade óssea na perspectiva da osteoporose." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/5793.
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To determine the accuracy of the phalanx ultrasound and bone quality tracker element in view of osteoporosis, produce a review article covering the various diagnostic methods for osteoporosis; establish diagnostic tests ultrasonometry as bone quality, according to age, set a Bone Quality nomogram (UBPI) view ultrasound and build bone quality normal curve according to age setting the cut off of pathological risk. Methods: A descriptive, analytical study of diagnostic accuracy. Attended the screening 932 women, of these, 125 were selected for agreeing to participate and fit the inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were oriented to addressing the Women's Hospital and Maternity Hospital Iris to achieve the phalanx ultrasound scans and bone densitometry. Results: to evaluate the osteossonografia phalanx in relation to spinal bone densitometry test sensitivity was 80% in Group 1 and 100% for G2, G3 and G4. In relation to the femur test sensitivity was 90% and G1 100% G2, G3 and G4. When analyzing the 50th percentile, there was a significant inverse correlation showing that the higher the age, the greater the loss of bone quality. When the disease risk was calculated the results were, for the age group 30-39 years the average: 0.68 and SD: 0.23; 40-49 years, mean 0.64 and SD: 0.28; 50-59, mean and SD years: 0.54 and 0.37, respectively, and finally, age> 60 years, mean and SD: 0.32 and 0.30. Conclusion: a phalanx of ultrasonometry proved to be a method of good accuracy, as part crawler osteoporosis, regarding the evaluation of bone quality. The sensitivity of the phalanx ultrasound was calculated and comparative test densitometry, effective results were obtained, varying between 80 and 100%. When the nomogram was built, it can be seen the evidence that bone quality has a gradual loss with increasing age, but also the ability of this method to check that early. As for the ultimate goal of building a normal curve to calculate the pathological risk the results were, for the age group 30-39 years the average: 0.68 and SD: 0.23; 40-49 years, mean 0.64 and SD: 0.28; 50-59 years, mean and SD: 0.54 and 0.37, respectively, and finally, age> 60 years, mean and SD: 0.32 and 0.30.
definir a acurácia da ultrassonografia de falange como elemento rastreador da qualidade óssea na perspectiva da osteoporose, produzir um artigo de revisão contemplando os diversos métodos diagnósticos para osteoporose; estabelecer os testes diagnósticos da ultrassonometria como qualidade óssea, conforme a faixa etária, definir um Nomograma de Qualidade Óssea (UBPI), vista a ultrassonografia e construir a curva de normalidade da qualidade óssea conforme a faixa etária estabelecendo o cut off do risco patológico. Métodos: estudo descritivo, analítico, de acurácia diagnóstica. Participaram do rastreamento 932 mulheres, destas, 125 foram selecionadas, por concordarem em participar da pesquisa e se adequarem aos critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Receberam orientações para se dirigirem ao Hospital da Mulher e Maternidade Dona Íris para a realização dos exames de ultrassonografia de falange e de densitometria óssea. Resultados: ao avaliar a osteossonografia de falange, em relação a densitometria óssea de coluna a sensibilidade do teste foi de 80% no G1, e 100% para G2, G3 e G4. Em relação ao fêmur a sensibilidade do teste foi 90% para G1 e de 100% para G2, G3 e G4. Ao se analisar o percentil 50, houve correlação inversa e significativa mostrando que quanto maior a idade, maior a perda da qualidade óssea. Quando o risco patológico foi calculado os resultados encontrados foram, para a faixa etária 30-39 anos a média: 0,68 e DP: 0,23; 40-49 anos, média de 0,64 e DP: 0,28; 50-59, anos média e DP: 0,54 e 0,37, respectivamente, e enfim, idade > 60 anos, média e DP: 0,32 e 0,30. Conclusão: a ultrassonometria de falange mostrou ser um método de boa acurácia, como elemento rastreador da osteoporose, no que tange a avaliação da qualidade óssea. A sensibilidade da ultrassonografia de falange foi calculada e em teste comparativo a densitometria, resultados eficazes foram obtidos, variando entre 80 e 100%. Quando o nomograma, foi construído, pode-se observar a comprovação que a qualidade óssea possui uma perda gradativa conforme o aumento da idade, mas também a capacidade deste método em verificar isso precocemente. Quanto ao objetivo final de construir uma curva de normalidade para calcular o risco patológico os resultados encontrados foram, para a faixa etária 30-39 anos a média: 0,68 e DP: 0,23; 40-49 anos, média de 0,64 e DP: 0,28; 50-59 anos, média e DP: 0,54 e 0,37, respectivamente, e enfim, idade > 60 anos, média e DP: 0,32 e 0,30.
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Miles, Lisa Jane. "Genetic control of susceptibility to Osteoporosis." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.510186.
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Gomes, Débora Alessandra de Castro 1972. "Conhecimento sobre osteoporose e habilidade de seguir o tratamento anti-reabsortivo em mulheres na pós-menopausa com osteopenia ou osteoporose." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/310463.
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Orientador: Lúcia Costa-PaivaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
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Resumo: A osteoporose é uma desordem esquelética caracterizada pela baixa massa óssea e deterioração da arquitetura óssea, que pode progredir por décadas de forma assintomática ou manifestar-se através de fraturas ósseas, acometendo principalmente mulheres na pós-menopausa. O tratamento envolve uso de bisfosfonatos, raloxifeno, associados à dieta, cálcio, vitamina D e atividade física. Estudos mostraram que o conhecimento e a aderência a esses tratamentos foram baixos, o que pode interferir com a resposta terapêutica. Objetivo: Avaliar em mulheres na pós-menopausa com osteoporose ou osteopenia o conhecimento sobre a doença e a habilidade de seguir o tratamento aos diferentes medicamentos prescritos. Sujeitos e métodos: Foi realizado um estudo de corte transversal com 232 mulheres na pós menopausa com diagnóstico densitométrico de osteopenia ou osteoporose em uso de tratamento medicamentoso, acompanhadas no Ambulatório de Menopausa Hospital da Mulher Professor José Aristodemo Pinotti, no Caism/Unicamp. O conhecimento sobre osteoporose foi avaliado através da aplicação do questionário OPQ (Osteoporosis Questionary) contendo 20 questões sobre informações gerais sobre a doença, fatores de risco, conseqüências e tratamento. A habilidade de seguir o tratamento foi avaliada através do questionário MedTake, onde foi analisado a habilidade de seguir o tratamento em relação ao regime prescrito, dose, indicações e modo de ingestão da medicação. Análise - estatística: foi realizada através de medidas de frequência, médias e desvio padrão, teste qui-quadrado e t de Student. Para analisar os fatores associados ao conhecimento e a habilidade de seguir o tratamento foi utilizada a análise de regressão múltipla realizada pelo programa SAS, versão 9.1. Resultados: A média de idade das mulheres foi de 61,6 anos (+ 8,2 anos) e o tempo médio de menopausa foi 16,8 anos (+7,9). O escore médio de conhecimento obtido através do OPQ foi de 3,78, sendo que a média de respostas corretas foi de 9,8, respostas incorretas 6,0 e não sabia responder 4,1. Na análise bivariada as variáveis que se mostraram associadas ao escore de conhecimento foram: a maior escolaridade (p<0,01), tempo de leitura (p<0,02), maior nível de renda p<0,03) modo de aquisição da medicação (p<0,02) e ausência de comorbidades (p<0,04). Na análise de regressão múltipla os fatores que permaneceram associados ao maior conhecimento foram o maior nível de escolaridade, maior escore de renda e a ausência de comorbidades. A habilidade de seguir o tratamento avaliada pelo MedTake foi abaixo de 80% para a maioria das mulheres, não havendo diferença significativa entre as usuárias de bisfosfonato diário ou semanal e raloxifeno. Na análise bivariada as variáveis significativamente associados ao MedTake foram a escolaridade (p<0,01), nível de leitura (p<0,02), escore de conhecimento OPQ (p<0,02), tipo de medicamento (p<0,01) e tempo de uso para tratamento da osteoporose (p<0,01), presença de outras doenças associadas (p<0,02) e uso de outras medicações concomitantes (p<0,01). Os fatores associados ao tratamento inadequado foram idade acima de 70 anos OR 5,62 (IC 95% 1,23 a 25,64); ser analfabeta OR 10,14 (IC 95% 2,14 a 48,12); uso de outras medicações OR 0,33 (95% 0,15 a 0,76) e menor tempo de uso do tratamento para osteoporose OR 5,67 (IC 95% 2,27 a 14,16). Conclusão: O conhecimento sobre osteoporose em mulheres na pós-menopausa foi baixo, assim como a habilidade de seguir o tratamento proposto. O nivel educacional foi um forte preditor do conhecimento sobre osteoporose. A habilidade de seguir o tratamento para os diferentes medicamentos para osteoporose foi baixa e esteve associado à maior idade, ser analfabeta, não usar outras medicações e menor tempo de tratamento
Abstract: Osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder characterized by low bone mass and deterioration of bone architecture, which may progress for decades to be asymptomatic or manifested by bone fractures, affecting especially postmenopausal women after menopause. Treatment involves bisphosphonates, raloxifene, linked to diet, calcium, vitamin D and physical activity. Studies showed that knowledge and adherence to these treatments are low, which may interfere with the therapeutic response. Objective: To evaluate the knowledge about osteoporosis and the ability to follow the treatment with different drugs prescribed in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis or osteopenia. Subjects and methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study with 232 postmenopausal women with a densitometric diagnosis of osteopenia or osteoporosis in use of drug treatment followed at the Menopause Clinic at Women's Hospital Professor Jose Aristodemo Pinotti in Caism / Unicamp. The knowledge about osteoporosis was assessed by applying the OPQ questionnaire (Osteoporosis Questionnaire) containing 20 questions on general information about the disease, risk factors, consequences and treatment. The ability to follow the treatment was assessed by MedTake questionnaire, in relation to the prescribed regimen, dose, indication and method of ingestion. Analysis - Statistical: was performed by the measures of frequency, mean and standard deviation, chi-square and t Student. To analyze the factors associated with knowledge and ability to follow the treatment was used multiple regression analysis performed by SAS software, version 9.1. Results: The mean age of women was 61.6 years (+ 8.2 years) and mean duration of menopause was 16.8 years (+7.9). The average knowledge score through the OPQ questionnaire was 3.78, while the average was 9.8 correct answers and incorrect answers 6,0 and 4,1 do not answer. In bivariate analysis the variables that were associated with knowledge scores were: higher education (p <0.01), reading (p<0.02), higher income level, p<0.03), mode of acquisition of medication (p<0.02) and ausence of comorbidities (p<0.04). In multiple regression analysis the factors that remained associated with higher knowledge were the highest level of education, higher scores of income and the absence of comobidities. The ability to follow the treatment, evaluated by MedTake was below 80% for almost women and no significant difference among users of daily or weekly bisphosphonate and raloxifene. In bivariate analysis the variables significantly associated with MedTake were schooling (p <0.01), reading level (p<0,02), OPQ knowledge scores (p<0.02), type of drug (p<0.01) and time of use for treatment of osteoporosis (p<0.01), presence of other disorders (p<0.02) and use of other concomitant medications (p<0.01). Factors associated with inadequate treatment were age above 70 years OR 5.62 (95% CI 1.23 to 25.64), illiterate OR 10.14 (95% CI 2.14 to 48.12), use of other medications OR 0.33 (95% 0.15 to 0.76) and shorter duration of treatment for osteoporosis OR 5.67 (95% CI 2.27 to 14.16). Conclusion: The knowledge about osteoporosis in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis was low, as well as the ability to follow the treatment for the different drugs for osteoporosis. The educational level was a strong predictor of knowledge about osteoporosis. The ability to follow the treatment for the different drugs for osteoporosis was low and was associated with older age, illiterate, do not use other drugs and less treatment time
Mestrado
Tocoginecologia
Mestre em Tocoginecologia
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Amadei, Susana Ungaro. "Efeito de diferentes tempos de deficiência estrogênica na perda óssea resultante da periodontite experimental em ratas /." São José dos Campos : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100698.
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Orientador: Rosilene Fernandes da RochaBanca: Adriana Aigotti Haberbeck Brandão
Banca: Nelson Luís de Macedo
Banca: Daniela Martins de Souza
Banca: Alexandre Prado Sherma
Resumo: Este estudo avaliou os efeitos de diferentes tempos de deficiência estrogênica na perda óssea resultante da periodontite induzida em ratas. Foram utilizadas 80 ratas, divididas em dois grupos: ovariectomizado-OVZ (n=40) e cirurgia simulada SHAM (n=40) e subdivididas de acordo com o tempo de deficiência estrogênica (30, 60, 90 e 120 dias). Os animais foram submetidos à indução de periodontite com fio de algodão na cervical do primeiro molar inferior esquerdo e segundo molar superior direito. Tal ligadura foi mantida nos últimos 30 dias de experimento. Após o sacrifício, as mandíbulas e maxilas foram removidas para análises radiográfica, morfométrica e histométrica. Nos grupos com e sem ligadura, foram considerados variáveis o tempo e a deficiência estrogênica, aplicando-se ANOVA e teste Tukey (5%). A comparação intragrupo demonstrou que a ligadura induziu periodontite em todas as análises. Na análise radiográfica, com ou sem ligadura observou-se influência da deficiência hormonal na redução do suporte ósseo periodontal em todos os períodos, sendo os valores nos grupos OVZ inferiores aos SHAM. O fator tempo foi significativo ao analisarem-se os grupos com ligadura, sendo o período de 90 dias o que apresentou menor valor. Comparando-se os grupos sem ligadura nas análises morfométricas e histométricas, os efeitos da deficiência estrogênica e do tempo não foram significativos. Entretanto, entre os grupos com ligadura, aqueles de 90 dias apresentaram significativa perda óssea. Concluiu-se que a deficiência estrogênica, aos noventa dias, agravou a perda óssea resultante da periodontite em ratas.
Abstract: This study evaluated the different times of estrogen defficiency effects on loss bone induced by experimental periodontitis in female rats. Eighty female rats were used and were divided into two groups: ovariectomized-OVZ (n=40) and simulated surgery SHAM (n=40) and subdivided according to the times of estrogen defficiency (30, 60, 90 and 120 days). The animals were submitted to induced periodontitis using cotton thread in the cervical of the first inferior molar and second superior molar in opposite sides. Such ligature was kept in the last 30 days of experiment. After the sacrifice, the mandibles and maxillas were removed for radiographic, morphometric and histometric analysis. In both groups, with and without ligatures, the time and the estrogen defficiency were considered variables and ANOVA and Tukey test were applied (5%). The comparison within groups demonstrated that the ligature induced periodontitis in all analysis. In the radiographic analysis, with or without ligature, the influence of the hormonal deficiency in the decrease of the periodontal osseous support in all periods was observed, being the values in the OVZ group lower than SHAM ones. The factor time was significant at the analysis of the ligature groups, and the groups studied within 90 days presented the lowest value. Comparing the groups without ligature in the morphometric and histometric analysis, the estrogen defficiency and time effects were not verified. However, among the ligature groups, those treated within 90 days showed significant bone loss. We can conclude that reaching 90 days of estrogen defficiency it was possible an adequate study of the periodontal disease in osteopenic rats; therefore, it is the ideal period to evaluate this relation.
Doutor
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Lyu, Quanxia. "Therapeutic potential of nucleic acid aptamers against sclerostin in the treatment of osteoporosis." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2017. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/431.
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Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease characterized with poor bone quality and low bone mineral density. The pathogenesis of osteoporosis is the imbalance of bone resorption and bone formation. Two strategies can be employed to cure osteoporosis. One is to inhibit bone resorption and the other is to stimulate bone formation. Currently, therapeutic drugs approved by FDA are mainly antiresorptive agents. Till now, there is only one bone anabolic agent approved. Obviously, more efforts should be poured into the development of bone anabolic agents. Sclerostin is a key negative regulator of osteoblast Wnt signaling making it a promising therapeutic target for bone anabolic therapy. Anti-sclerostin humanized monoclonal antibody romosozumab, which could effectively promote bone formation, has been accepted by the FDA for the review of biologic license application in 2017. However, there are several concerns about the humanized anti-sclerostin antibody, including immunogenicity, high cost of production and relative low stability. Nucleic acid aptamers are short single stranded oligonucleotides. They can bind to their targets with similar high affinity as antibodies. Moreover, aptamers have some superior advantages compared to antibodies, such as no immunogenicity, easily synthesized, and high stability. Aptamers against sclerostin could be a promising alternative to antibodies in terms of promotion of bone formation and reversal of osteoporosis. In this thesis, 20 rounds of SELEX were performed to select aptamers with high binding affinity and specificity to sclerostin. The inhibition potency of aptamer candidates to the antagonistic effect of sclerostin on Wnt signaling was also evaluated. Low KD and EC50 values of aptamer candidates against sclerostin implied a great potential of sclerostin aptamer being novel agents to promote bone formation. The study establishes the foundation for the next stage of preclinical studies and it will benefit the development of novel bone anabolic agents to reverse osteoporosis.
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Ugarte, Corbalán Laura de 1988. "The regulatory roles of MicroRNAs in bone remodeling and osteoporosis." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/565403.
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In bone field, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been described as key factors regulating bone formation, remodeling, and homeostasis. The identification of miRNAs involved in skeletal function will be essential to the development of miRNA-based therapeutic strategies for bone disorders. As with other regulatory molecules, miRNAs are frequently subject to change during the development of human diseases. In this regard, we identified a subset of miRNAs with altered expression in osteoporotic bone and demonstrate the functional involvement of some of those miRNAs in the regulation of bone formation and the pathways regulating the progression of osteoporosis. We also have depicted an overview of miRNAs in the human bone tissue and in primary bone cells. Furthermore, we have identified genetic variants in human osteoblast-related miRNAs associated with bone mineral density and this association was functionally demonstrated in bone and osteoblast samples. This work has provided evidences of the marked complexity behind this regulatory system and opens novel prospect for research and therapy.En l’àmbit de l’estudi de l’òs, els microRNAs (miRNAs) han estat descrits com factors claus en la regulació de la formació, remodelatge i homeòstasis de l’ òs. La identificació de miRNAs implicats en la funció esquelètica és imprescindible pel desenvolupament de noves estratègies terapèutiques, basades en miRNAs, dirigides al tractament de malalties òssies. Com en el cas d’altres molècules reguladores, els miRNAs poden patir modificacions durant el desenvolupament de malalties humanes. En aquest sentit, hem identificat un grup de miRNAs amb una expressió alterada en l’òs osteoporòtic i hem demostrat la implicació funcional d’algun d’aquests miRNAs en la regulació de la formació òssia i els mecanismes pels quals es produiria l’osteoporosi. Alhora, també hem ofert una visió general dels miRNAs presents en el teixit ossi humà i en les cèl·lules òssies. També hem identificat variants genètiques dins de les seqüències de miRNAs expressats en osteoblasts, que han estat associades amb la densitat mineral òssia. A més a més, aquesta associació ha estat funcionalment demostrada en òs i osteoblasts. Aquest treball reflexa l’elevada complexitat que hi ha darrera del sistema regulador per miRNAs i obre nous camins per la recerca i la teràpia.
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Naujoks, Christel. "Awareness and knowledge of osteoporosis in Switzerland /." Sydney, 2005. http://www.public-health-edu.ch/new/Abstracts/NC_11.10.05.pdf.
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Yung, Ka-hung. "Genetic determinants of osteoporosis in Cooley's anemia." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31972263.
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Hsieh, Ching-Hsing. "Factors Influencing Osteoporosis Preventive Behavior Among Hakka." Diss., University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/22056.
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There are about 4000 new hip fracture patients in Taiwan each year, and osteoporosis is the number one cause for these fractures. But, there has been no research article related to osteoporosis preventive behavior among Hakim living in countryside in Taiwan. Therefore, the purposes of this study were to assess osteoporosis preventive behavior; to measure the relationship among factors influencing OPB; to measure a model of factors influencing OPB; and to predict the direct and indirect effects of personal and social factors on OPB among Hakka living in Taichung County in Taiwan.
The development of a theoretical model of factors influencing osteoporosis preventive behavior was based on the Social Cognitive Theory (Bandura, 1986, 1997, 2004) and the conceptual framework for addressing the social context of health behavior (Sorensen et al., 2003). According to the reviewed literature, the factors influencing osteoporosis preventive behavior include personal factors (age, educational level, self efficacy for calcium intake, self-efficacy for exercise, and knowledge of osteoporosis); and social factors (social support and social capital). The outcome variables are calcium intake and exercise.
This was a non-experimental, cross-sectional design. Convenience and snowball sampling were used in this study. In all, 243 participants were recruited. Path analysis was used to assess and modify the theoretical model and to test all the paths between exogenous variables and endogenous variables. The goodness-of-fit indicators ofthe final model showed that X2 was 26.99 with 21 degrees of freedom; the P-value for this model was .17; goodness-of-fit index (GFI) was .98; adjusted goodness-of-fit index (AGFI) was .95; normed fit index (NFI) was .96; non-normed fit index (NNFI) was .98; and comparative fit index (CFI) was .99. The results suggested that the final model fit the data well.
The final model demonstrated that the personal factors and environmental factors directly and indirectly influenced osteoporosis preventive behavior. It may provide guidance for the design of future nursing interventions, research and education related to osteoporosis prevention.
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Reid, IR(Ian Reginald). "Pathogenesis and treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/5505.
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Löfman, Owe. "Osteoporosis in women : epidemiological and diagnostic perspectives /." Linköping : Univ, 2002. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2002/med737s.pdf.
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Glover, Sarah Jane. "Treatments for Osteoporosis : Cellular and Biochemical Effects." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.500134.
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Yung, Ka-hung, and 翁家紅. "Genetic determinants of osteoporosis in Cooley's anemia." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31972263.
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Keegan, John. "Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis : minding the care gap." Thesis, University of Brighton, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.479078.
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