Academic literature on the topic 'Osteomyelitis (OM)'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Contents
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Osteomyelitis (OM).'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Osteomyelitis (OM)"
1
Peng, Kuo-Ti, Tsung-Yu Huang, Yao-Chang Chiang, Yu-Yi Hsu, Fang-Yi Chuang, Chiang-Wen Lee, and Pey-Jium Chang. "Comparison of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Cellulitis and from Osteomyelitis in a Taiwan Hospital, 2016–2018." Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. 6 (June 7, 2019): 816. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8060816.
Full textAbstract:
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) causes superficial infections such as cellulitis or invasive infections such as osteomyelitis; however, differences in MRSA isolates from cellulitis (CL-MRSA) and from osteomyelitis (OM-MRSA) at the same local area remain largely unknown. A total of 221 MRSA isolates including 106 CL-MRSA strains and 115 OM-MRSA strains were collected at Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital in Taiwan between 2016 and 2018, and their genotypic and phenotypic characteristics were compared. We found that OM-MRSA isolates significantly exhibited higher rates of resistance to multiple antibiotics than CL-MRSA isolates. Genotypically, OM-MRSA isolates had higher proportions of the SCCmec type III, the sequence type ST239, and the spa type t037 than CL-MRSA isolates. Besides the multidrug-resistant lineage ST239-t037-SCCmecIII more prevalent in OM-MRSA, higher antibiotic resistance rates were also observed in several other prevalent lineages in OM-MRSA as compared to the same lineages in CL-MRSA. Furthermore, when prosthetic joint infection (PJI) associated and non-PJI-associated MRSA strains in osteomyelitis were compared, no significant differences were observed in antibiotic resistance rates between the two groups, albeit more diverse genotypes were found in non-PJI-associated MRSA. Our findings therefore suggest that deep infections may allow MRSA to evade antibiotic attack and facilitate the convergent evolution and selection of multidrug-resistant lineages.
2
Kim, Jiye, Gilsung Yoo, Taesic Lee, Jeong Ho Kim, Dong Min Seo, and Juwon Kim. "Classification Model for Diabetic Foot, Necrotizing Fasciitis, and Osteomyelitis." Biology 11, no. 9 (September 3, 2022): 1310. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology11091310.
Full textAbstract:
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) and their life-threatening complications, such as necrotizing fasciitis (NF) and osteomyelitis (OM), increase the healthcare cost, morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus. While the early recognition of these complications could improve the clinical outcome of diabetic patients, it is not straightforward to achieve in the usual clinical settings. In this study, we proposed a classification model for diabetic foot, NF and OM. To select features for the classification model, multidisciplinary teams were organized and data were collected based on a literature search and automatic platform. A dataset of 1581 patients (728 diabetic foot, 76 NF, and 777 OM) was divided into training and validation datasets at a ratio of 7:3 to be analyzed. The final prediction models based on training dataset exhibited areas under the receiver operating curve (AUC) of the 0.80 and 0.73 for NF model and OM model, respectively, in validation sets. In conclusion, our classification models for NF and OM showed remarkable discriminatory power and easy applicability in patients with DFU.
3
Torrence, Garneisha M., and Brian M. Schmidt. "Fungal Osteomyelitis in Diabetic Foot Infections: A Case Series and Comparative Analysis." International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds 17, no. 3 (August 9, 2018): 184–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1534734618791607.
Full textAbstract:
Fungal osteomyelitis (OM) is relatively rare. There is scarce literature discussing fungal OM in diabetic foot infections (DFIs). This case series explores the clinical characteristics of patients treated at a large tertiary academic center for DFI and found to have a causative agent of fungal origin in their bone on surgical intervention. Between July 2017 and March 2018, a prospective longitudinal analysis was performed of patients with diabetes admitted to our institution who underwent operative management of OM. Demographic, clinical, radiographic, and laboratory data were collected for all patients. Data between bacterial and fungal OM cohorts was analyzed for differences and similarities in patient characteristics and outcomes. All patients were followed 20 weeks postoperatively. Five patients with fungal OM were identified from the 35 cases where OM was confirmed through podiatric surgical intervention. In each fungal case, a Candida species was isolated from operative bone culture which included subspecies Candida albicans, C parapsilosis, and C glabrata. A P value ⩾.05 was found in clinical characteristics between our cohorts. Wound healing was achieved in 40% of patients with fungal OM, and oral fluconazole successfully treated Candida OM in the cases that achieved healing. Diabetes can increase the risk of Candida OM. In DFIs, fungus can impede wound healing if not recognized and treated. Because Candida OM is typically indolent in nature, bone biopsy and mycological culture is recommended for definitive diagnosis and treatment.
4
Massaccesi, Luca, Emanuela Galliera, Antonio Pellegrini, Giuseppe Banfi, and Massimiliano Marco Corsi Romanelli. "Osteomyelitis, Oxidative Stress and Related Biomarkers." Antioxidants 11, no. 6 (May 27, 2022): 1061. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox11061061.
Full textAbstract:
Bone is a very dynamic tissue, subject to continuous renewal to maintain homeostasis through bone remodeling, a process promoted by two cell types: osteoblasts, of mesenchymal derivation, are responsible for the deposition of new material, and osteoclasts, which are hematopoietic cells, responsible for bone resorption. Osteomyelitis (OM) is an invasive infectious process, with several etiological agents, the most common being Staphylococcus aureus, affecting bone or bone marrow, and severely impairing bone homeostasis, resulting in osteolysis. One of the characteristic features of OM is a strong state of oxidative stress (OS) with severe consequences on the delicate balance between osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. Here we describe this, analyzing the effects of OS in bone remodeling and discussing the need for new, easy-to-measure and widely available OS biomarkers that will provide valid support in the management of the disease.
5
Preiss, Helga, Philipp Kriechling, Giulia Montrasio, Tanja Huber, İmke Janssen, Andreea Moldovan, Benjamin A. Lipsky, and İlker Uçkay. "Oral Flucloxacillin for Treating Osteomyelitis: A Narrative Review of Clinical Practice." Journal of Bone and Joint Infection 5, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/jbji.40667.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Flucloxacillin (FLU) administered by the oral route is widely used for treating various infections, but there are no published retrospective or prospective trials of its efficacy, or its advantages or disadvantages compared to parenteral treatment or other antibiotics for treating osteomyelitis. Based on published in vitro data and expert opinions, other non-β-lactam oral antibiotics that have better bone penetration are generally preferred over oral FLU. We reviewed the literature for studies of oral FLU as therapy of osteomyelitis (OM), stratified by acute versus chronic and pediatric versus adult cases. In striking contrast to the prevailing opinions and the few descriptive data available, we found that treatment of OM with oral FLU does not appear to be associated with more clinical failures compared to other oral antibiotic agents. Because of its narrow antibiotic spectrum, infrequent severe adverse effects, and low cost, oral FLU is widely used in clinical practice. We therefore call for investigators to conduct prospective trials investigating the effectiveness and potential advantages of oral FLU for treating OM.
6
Iles, Kathleen A., Lori Chrisco, Stephen Heisler, Booker King, Felicia N. Williams, and Rabia Nizamani. "122 In Patients with Lower Extremity Burns and Osteomyelitis, Diabetes Mellitus Increases Amputation Rate." Journal of Burn Care & Research 42, Supplement_1 (April 1, 2021): S81—S82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/irab032.126.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Introduction Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a critical comorbidity with burn injury due to the disrupted healing process. Previous reports have confirmed the increased rate of osteomyelitis (OM) and subsequent amputation in this cohort, however this has yet to be studied in comparison to non-diabetic patients. In this retrospective analysis, we investigate OM and amputation in both the diabetic and non-diabetic lower extremity burn populations to determine the impact of DM on these outcomes. Methods The burn registry was used to identify all patients admitted to our tertiary burn center from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2018. Only patients with lower extremity burns (foot and/or ankle) were included. Patients with burns to additional body areas were excluded. Amputations were categorized by time from injury. Statistical analysis was performed using Student’s t test, chi-squared test, and Fischer’s exact test. Results Of the 315 patients identified, 103 had a known diagnosis of DM and 212 did not. Scald injury was the most common mechanism and average TBSA was similar. Differences were observed in average length of stay (LOS) and admission cost, with diabetics demonstrating both a higher LOS (13.7 days vs 9.2 days, p-value= 0.0016) and cost ($72,883 vs $50,500, p-value= 0.0058) (Table 1). In total, 17 patients were found to have radiologically confirmed OM within three months of the burn injury. Fifteen of these patients had a history of DM and two had no history of DM (p-value= < 0.001) (Table 2). The DM OM patients were found to have a higher blood glucose level on admission (219 mg/dL vs 110 mg/dL, p-value= 0.0452). No significant difference was seen in Hgb A1c in diabetics with or without OM (9.26% vs 8.81%, p= 0.2743). Notably, when non-diabetics were diagnosed with OM, significant differences were observed in both LOS and cost in comparison to their counterparts without OM (36 days vs 9 days; p= 0.0003; $226,289 vs $48,818, p=0.0001). Of the 11 patients who required an amputation, 10 (90.9%) of these patients had comorbid DM. Conclusions DM patients with lower extremity burns are more likely to develop OM than their non-diabetic counterparts. When radiologically confirmed OM is present, DM patients have an increased rate of amputation. OM incurs significant healthcare utilization and cost in both the diabetic and non-diabetic populations.
7
Almawi, Wassim Y., Najat Mahdi, Khadija Al-Ola, Muhallab E. Ali, and Abeer M. Al-Subaie. "Evidence for HLA Class II Susceptible and Protective Haplotypes for Osteomyelitis in Pediatric Patients with Sickle Cell Anemia." Blood 110, no. 11 (November 16, 2007): 3784. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.3784.3784.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background and Objective: Osteomyelitis (OM) is a common complication and significant cause of morbidity in patients with sickle cell anemia (SCA); however, its mechanisms are poorly understood. In view of their link to inflammatory diseases and autoimmune disorders, we investigated the association of HLA class II alleles and haplotypes with the pathogenesis of OM in Bahraini SCA patients. Patients and Methods. SCA patients comprised 42 with and 150 patients without OM; HLA-DRB1* and -DQB1* genotyping was done by PCR-SSP. HLA allele frequency was determined by the gene counting method, and haplotype frequency was determined by the maximum-likelihood method. Results. At the allele level, only DRB1*100101 (0.229 vs. 0.082, Pc = 0.003) was positively associated with OM after applying the Bonferrni correction factor. At the haplotype level, DRB1*070101-DQB1*0201 (Pc = 0.001), and DRB1*100101-DQB1*050101 (Pc = 0.001) were more prevalent among patients, while DRB1*030101-DQB1*0201 (Pc = 0.020) and DRB1*040101-DQB1*0302 (Pc = 0.039) was more prevalent among controls, thereby conferring disease susceptibility or protection to these DRB1*-DQB1* haplotypes, respectively. Conclusion. These results demonstrate that specific HLA halpotypes influence osteomyelitis risk in SCA, thereby suggesting that specific HLA types may serve as a marker for identifying SCA patients at high risk for osteomyelitis. HLA-DRB1* and DQB1* Haplotype Frequencies Haplotype OM Patients Controls P Pc OR DRB1*030101-DQB1*0201 0.015 0.141 0.002 0.020 0.07 DRB1*030201-DQB1*0401 0.042 0.016 0.212 0.908 2.95 DRB1*040101-DQB1*0302 0.016 0.126 0.004 0.039 0.08 DRB1*070101-DQB1*0201 0.219 0.060 <0.001 0.001 4.58 DRB1*110101-DQB1*030101 0.056 0.108 0.278 0.962 0.53 DRB1*100101-DQB1*050101 0.208 0.063 <0.001 0.001 4.03 DRB1*130101-DQB1*060101 0.042 0.034 0.773 1.000 1.45 DRB1*150101-DQB1*060101 0.085 0.068 0.774 1.000 1.27 DRB1*160101-DQB1*0201 0.064 0.020 0.121 0.725 3.10 DRB1*160101-DQB1*050101 0.011 0.099 0.016 0.149 0.11
8
Chen, Peng, Qing-rong Lin, Mou-Zhang Huang, Xin Zhang, Yan-jun Hu, Jing Chen, Nan Jiang, and Bin Yu. "Devascularized Bone Surface Culture: A Novel Strategy for Identifying Osteomyelitis-Related Pathogens." Journal of Personalized Medicine 12, no. 12 (December 12, 2022): 2050. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm12122050.
Full textAbstract:
The gold standard for identifying pathogens causing osteomyelitis (OM) is intraoperative tissue sampling culture (TSC). However, its positive rate remains inadequate. Here, we evaluated the efficiency of a novel strategy, known as devitalized bone surface culture (BSC), for detecting OM-related microorganisms and compared it to TSC. Between December 2021 and July 2022, patients diagnosed with OM and received both methods for bacterial identification were screened for analysis. In total, 51 cases were finally recruited for analysis. The mean age was 43.6 years, with the tibia as the top infection site. The positive rate of BSC was relatively higher than that of TSC (74.5% vs. 58.8%, p = 0.093), though no statistical difference was achieved. Both BSC and TSC detected definite pathogens in 29 patients, and their results were in accordance with each other. The most frequent microorganism identified by the BSC method was Staphylococcus aureus. Moreover, BSC took a significantly shorter median culture time than TSC (1.0 days vs. 3.0 days, p < 0.001). In summary, BSC may be superior to TSC for identifying OM-associated pathogens, with a higher detectable rate and a shorter culture time.
9
Jansen, Jeffrey W., and Ryan P. Moenster. "Clinical Outcomes of Antipseudomonal vs. Non-Antipseudomonal Therapy in Patients with Osteomyelitis." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 4, suppl_1 (2017): S97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofx163.074.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background Osteomyelitis (OM) in diabetics is frequently a polymicrobial infection that rarely involves Pseudomonas (4–5% of cases). Bone cultures have a low-positive yield of 34–50% and, as a result, many patients receive antimicrobial regimens which include antipseudomonal (AP) therapy. Methods A retrospective cohort analysis of adult Veterans with OM treated with AP compared with non-antipseudomonal (NAP) therapy was conducted. Patients managed by the VA St. Louis outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) service from 1/1/2009 to 7/31/2015 were identified and screened for inclusion. Patients with culture negative (CN) or non-pseudomonal superficial swab cultures (SCx) were included. Figure 1 presents the study profile and exclusion criteria. The primary outcome was clinical failure, defined as a composite of: (1) extension of antibiotics beyond 1 week of the planned duration, (2) recurrence of OM at the same anatomical site within 12 months, or (3) any unplanned surgery or amputation at the anatomical site within 12 months of ABx completion. Results Overall, 104 patients with 109 OM encounters were included; there were 29 CN encounters and 80 SCx encounters. Table 1 presents baseline demographics. The overall failure rate was 55/109 (50.5%). The results of the analysis are shown in Table 2. While not included in the primary analysis, Pseudomonas was isolated from 8/88 (9.1%) swab cultures and 5/33 (15%) deep cultures. Conclusion Empiric AP therapy did not improve clinical outcomes in patients with either CN or SCx OM. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.
10
Grbic, Rade, Dijana J. Miric, Bojana Kisic, Ljiljana Popovic, Vojkan Nestorovic, and Aleksandar Vasic. "Sequential Analysis of Oxidative Stress Markers and Vitamin C Status in Acute Bacterial Osteomyelitis." Mediators of Inflammation 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/975061.
Full textAbstract:
In bacterial bone infections, excessively formed oxidants may result in local and systemic oxidative stress. Vitamin C is the major extracellular nonenzymatic antioxidant, also implicated in bone cells metabolism and viability. The physiological functions of vitamin C largely depend on its redox status. We sequentially assessed oxidative stress markers, hydroperoxides and malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant activity (AOA), total vitamin C, ascorbic acid (Asc), and oxidized/reduced vitamin C ratio in 137 patients with acute osteomyelitis (OM). Compared to 52 healthy controls, in OM group baseline serum hydroperoxides, MDA and oxidized/reduced vitamin C ratio were higher whilst Asc and AOA were lower (P < 0.05, resp.). On the other side, total vitamin C levels in patients and controls were similar(P > 0.05), thereby suggesting a relative rather than absolute vitamin C deficiency in OM. During the follow-up, oxidative stress markers, AOA, and oxidizedreduced vitamin C ratio were gradually returned to normal, while there was no apparent change of total vitamin C concentrations. Persistently high values of oxidized/reduced vitamin C ratio and serum MDA were found in subacute OM. In conclusion, acute OM was associated with enhanced systemic oxidative stress and the shift of vitamin C redox status towards oxidized forms.
Book chapters on the topic "Osteomyelitis (OM)"
1
Shikhare, Sumer N., and Wilfred C. G. Peh. "Osteomyelitis of the Long and Flat Bones." In Musculoskeletal Imaging Volume 2, edited by Mihra S. Taljanovic and Tyson S. Chadaz, 91–96. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190938178.003.0086.
Full textAbstract:
Chapter 86 highlights the imaging manifestations of osteomyelitis (OM) involving the long and flat bones. OM refers to inflammation of the bone and bone marrow caused by underlying infection, classically bacterial. Long and flat bone OM can occur either because of hematogenous spread, direct inoculation or from a contiguous source of infection. The severity depends on the factors such as organism isolated, pathogenesis, extent of bone involvement, duration of infection, and host factors such as age and immune status. Imaging plays a crucial role in the early diagnosis of OM with MRI being the modality of choice. Both acute and chronic forms of OM are still a big challenge to treat, even in the era of advanced antibiotics and new surgical techniques. Imaging helps in early diagnosis, which in turn helps to initiate early treatment.