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Abdelhameed, Abdelrahman Mohamed Galal, Said Mahmoud Mohamed Hani, and Ahmed Mohamed Mohamed Soliman. "Effects of Locally Delivered Morin Hydrate on Iodoacetate-induced Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis in Rats." Brazilian Dental Science 23, no. 4 (September 30, 2020): 11p. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/bds.2020.v23i4.1904.
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Objectives: morin hydrate has been reported to possess many beneficial pharmacological potentialities including antioxidant and anti-osteoarthritic effects. The antiosteoarthritic properties of locally administrated morin have not been investigated. The objective of this study is to evaluate the locally delivered morin on the temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis in rat. Materials and methods: thirty young adult female Sprague Dawley rats were randomly arranged into three groups; control, osteoarthritis and osteoarthritis with morin. Both the iodoacetate for osteoarthritis induction and morin hydrate therapy were delivered unilaterally via intra-articular route. Results: morin reduced osteoarthritis manifestations with prominent thickening of both condylar fibrous layer and articular disc accompanied with discal cells hypertrophy that ultimately acquired chondrocytes features. The condylar cartilage matrix showed enhancement of extracellular matrix production with morin administration. Discussion: the present study has elucidated antiosteoarthritic effect of intraarticular injection of morin hydrate. Although morin has managed to prevent the propagation and advancing some of the recorded osteoarthritic manifestations; however, it showed some failure in managing others. The administration of morin hydrate modulated the structure of the joint rather than restore it back to its typical configuration. Conclusion: the morin hydrate administration to osteoarthritic animals showed relieve in some of osteoarthritic features and modulated the structure of some joint components to compensate the unhandled manifestations.KEYWORDSIodoacetate; Morin; Osteoarthritis; OARSI Score; Temporomandibular joint.
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Yang, Tzi-Peng, Hsiao-Mei Chen, Chao-Chin Hu, Li-Yuan Chen, Fen-Fen Shih, Disline Manli Tantoh, Kuan-Jung Lee, Yi-Chia Liaw, Rong-Tzong Tsai, and Yung-Po Liaw. "Interaction of Osteoarthritis and BMI on Leptin Promoter Methylation in Taiwanese Adults." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 1 (December 23, 2019): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21010123.
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Leptin (LEP) regulates glucose metabolism and energy storage in the body. Osteoarthritis (OA) is associated with the upregulation of serum LEP. LEP promoter methylation is associated with obesity. So far, few studies have explored the association of BMI and OA with LEP methylation. We assessed the interaction between body mass index (BMI) and OA on LEP promoter methylation. Data of 1114 participants comprising 583 men and 558 women, aged 30–70 years were retrieved from the Taiwan Biobank Database (2008–2015). Osteoarthritis was self-reported and cases were those who reported having ever been clinically diagnosed with osteoarthritis. BMI was categorized into underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obesity. The mean LEP promoter methylation level in individuals with osteoarthritis was 0.5509 ± 0.00437 and 0.5375 ± 0.00101 in those without osteoarthritis. The interaction between osteoarthritis and BMI on LEP promoter methylation was significant (p-value = 0.0180). With normal BMI as the reference, the mean LEP promoter methylation level was significantly higher in obese osteoarthritic individuals (β = 0.03696, p-value = 0.0187). However, there was no significant association between BMI and LEP promoter methylation in individuals without osteoarthritis, regardless of BMI. In conclusion, only obesity was significantly associated with LEP promoter methylation (higher levels) specifically in osteoarthritic patients.
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LI, H., X. Jiang, Y. Xiao, Y. Zhang, W. Zhang, M. Doherty, N. Jacquelyn, et al. "POS0329 CHONDROCYTE SUBPOPULATIONS AND CANONICAL PATHWAYS ASSOCIATED WITH HAND OSTEOARTHRITIS: DISCOVERY BY SINGLE-CELL TRANSCRIPTOMIC ANALYSIS AND VALIDATION BY TWO INDEPENDENT POPULATION-BASED STUDIES." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 82, Suppl 1 (May 30, 2023): 410–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2023-eular.4327.
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BackgroundHand osteoarthritis is a common heterogeneous joint disorder with differences in aetiology and pathophysiology from the large weight-bearing knee or hip osteoarthritis.[1]-[3]Its pathophysiological mechanism remains largely unexplored, partially because of limited access to clinical sample tissues and lack of animal models.[2]To date, there is no known cure for hand osteoarthritis, indicating an urgent need for better understanding of the underlying mechanisms so that appropriate treatment strategies can be developed to target this disabling disease.ObjectivesWe aimed to identify hand joint chondrocyte subpopulations and investigate the molecular mechanism of hand osteoarthritis by performing single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis, and verify the findings in two large independent population-based studies.MethodsWe obtained hand interphalangeal joints from five donors who had destructive forearm injury. Using scRNA-seq analysis, we analysed the cellular composition and subpopulation-specific gene expression of hand articular cartilage, and then compared these features between cartilages from joints with macroscopically confirmed osteoarthritis and those without osteoarthritis. To verify the findings, we conducted a Mendelian randomisation study in the UK Biobank and a cross-sectional study using data collected from the Xiangya Osteoarthritis Study. Figure 1 shows the schematic illustration of this study.ResultsOf 105,142 cells we identified 13 subpopulations, including a novel inflammatory chondrocyte subpopulation that specifically expressed genes related to inflammatory and immune response. Fibrocartilage chondrocytes represented a major source of osteoarthritis-related proteases and exhibited an extensive alteration of gene expression patterns in osteoarthritic cartilage compared with non-osteoarthritic cartilage. Both inflammatory chondrocytes and fibrocartilage chondrocytes showed a trend towards increased numbers in osteoarthritic cartilage. In these two subpopulations from osteoarthritic cartilage, the ferroptosis pathway was enriched, in which the expression of iron overload-related genes, eg,FTH1, was elevated. These findings are further validated by two independent population-based studies. Among participants (n=332,668) in the UK Biobank, genetic predisposition to higher expression ofFTH1mRNA significantly increased the risk of hand osteoarthritis (OR=1·07, 95%CI:1·02-1·11). Among participants (n=1,241) from the Xiangya Osteoarthritis Study, high levels of serum ferritin (encoded byFTH1), a biomarker of body iron overload, were significantly associated with a high prevalence of hand osteoarthritis (P-for-trend=0·037).ConclusionOur datasets will be valuable as a rich resource for molecular and cellular exploration and open new possibilities for the research of molecular mechanism, drug development and precise treatment for hand osteoarthritis. Inflammatory and fibrocartilage chondrocytes are key subpopulations and ferroptosis may be a key pathway in hand osteoarthritis. Markers of these chondrocyte subpopulations, as well as ferroptosis inhibitors or iron chelators, could be focus of attention in future studies.References[1]Kloppenburg M, Kwok WY. Hand osteoarthritis--a heterogeneous disorder.Nat Rev Rheumatol2011;8(1):22-31.[2]Marshall M, Watt FE, Vincent TL, et al. Hand osteoarthritis: clinical phenotypes, molecular mechanisms and disease management.Nat Rev Rheumatol2018;14(11):641-56.[3]Haugen IK, Englund M, Aliabadi P, et al. Prevalence, incidence and progression of hand osteoarthritis in the general population: the Framingham Osteoarthritis Study.Annals of the rheumatic diseases2011;70(9):1581-6.Figure 1.The schematic illustration of this study.AcknowledgementsThis work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81930071, 82072502, 81902265), the National Natural Science Foundation Regional Innovation and Development Joint Fund (U21A20352), Project Program of National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya Hospital, 2021LNJJ06, 2022LNJJ07), the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (2022JJ20100), and Central South University Innovation-Driven Research Programme (2023CXQD031).Disclosure of InterestsNone Declared.
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Myszka, Anna, Janusz Piontek, Jacek Tomczyk, and Marta Zalewska. "Osteoarthritis – a problematic skeletal trait in past human populations. Osteoarthritic changes vs. entheseal changes in the late medieval and early modern population form Łekno." Anthropological Review 83, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 143–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/anre-2020-0011.
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AbstractAccording to medical knowledge, physical activity plays a role in osteoarthritic changes formation. The impact of occupation on osteoarthritic changes development in past human populations is not clear enough, causing problems with interpretation. The aim of the current study is to examine the relationship between osteoarthritis and entheseal changes. Skeletal material comes from the late medieval, early modern population from Łekno (Poland). The sample consists of 110 males and 56 females (adults only). Osteophytes, porosity and eburnation were analyzed in the shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, knee, and ankle. Entheses on the humerus, radius, femur, and tibia were examined. Standard ranked categorical scoring systems were used for the osteoarthritic and entheseal changes examination.Males with more developed osteophytes in the shoulder have more “muscular” upper limbs (higher values of muscle markers). Males with more developed osteophytes in the hip and knee are predicted to have more “muscular” lower limbs. Males with more developed osteoarthritis in the shoulder, wrist, hip, and knee exhibit more developed entheseal changes. Males with more developed entheses tend to yield more developed osteophytes (all joints taken together) and general osteoarthritis (all changes and all joints taken together). Females with more developed entheses have more developed osteoarthritis in the elbow, wrist, and hip. Individuals with more developed entheses have much more developed osteophytes. When all the three types of changes are taken together, more “muscular” females exhibit more developed osteoarthritis. The lack of uniformity of the results, wild discussions on the usage of entheses in activity patterns reconstruction and other limitations do not allow to draw unambiguous conclusions about the impact of physical activity on the osteoarthritis in past populations and further studies are needed.
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Ekeuku, Sophia Ogechi, Fairus Ahmad, and Kok-Yong Chin. "Changes of Grip Strength, Articular Cartilage and Subchondral Bone in Monoiodoacetate-Induced Osteoarthritis in Rats." Sains Malaysiana 51, no. 11 (November 30, 2021): 3741–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5111-18.
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Osteoarthritis is a degenerative disease affecting articular cartilage among the elderly. The intra-articular monoiodoacetate injection is one of the most widely used methods to induce osteoarthritis in animals. While the effects of monoiodoacetate on cartilage are well-characterized, its effects on subchondral bone remodeling are less studied. The purpose of this study was to determine the changes of the grip strength, articular cartilage structure and subchondral bone remodeling in monoiodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis in rats. Three-month-old male Wistar rats were assigned to normal control (n=6) and osteoarthritis group (n=6), which received intra-articular injection of 4 mg/50 µL monoiodoacetate solution once at the left knee of hindlimb. The rats were monitored for four weeks. The grip strength test was performed before injection and every week after injection. After four weeks, the femurs with intact cartilage were harvested for histomorphological analysis. Grip strength was reduced significantly in the osteoarthritic rats compared to the normal rats (p<0.05). Food intake was reduced significantly one week following monoiodoacetate-induction (p<0.05), but it stabilized afterwards. Monoiodoacetate injection increased cartilage erosion and osteoclast number in the subchondral bone of the osteoarthritic rats compared to the normal rats (p<0.05). However, it did not affect body weight, subchondral bone osteoblast activity, mineralization and microstructure of osteoarthritic rats (p>0.05). As a conclusion, monoiodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis affects the cartilage and increases osteoclast formation in the subchondral bone of rats.
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Mabey, Thomas, and Sittisak Honsawek. "Role of Vitamin D in Osteoarthritis: Molecular, Cellular, and Clinical Perspectives." International Journal of Endocrinology 2015 (2015): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/383918.
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Osteoarthritis is a debilitating and degenerative disease which affects millions of people worldwide. The causes and mechanisms of osteoarthritis remain to be fully understood. Vitamin D has been hypothesised to play essential roles in a number of diseases including osteoarthritis. Many cell types within osteoarthritic joints appear to experience negative effects often at increased sensitivity to vitamin D. These findings contrast clinical research which has identified vitamin D deficiency to have a worryingly high prevalence among osteoarthritis patients. Randomised-controlled trial is considered to be the most rigorous way of determining the effects of vitamin D supplementation on the development of osteoarthritis. Studies into the effects of low vitamin D levels on pain and joint function have to date yielded controversial results. Due to the apparent conflicting effects of vitamin D in knee osteoarthritis, further research is required to fully elucidate its role in the development and progression of the disease as well as assess the efficacy and safety of vitamin D supplementation as a therapeutic strategy.
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Reeni.D, Bijilin, and George Joe Kumar. A. "A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Aloe Vera Gel on Pain Perception among Patients with Osteoarthritis at Selected Communities in Kanyakumari District." Galore International Journal of Applied Sciences and Humanities 5, no. 4 (December 28, 2021): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/gijash.20211009.
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Aim: to evaluate the effectiveness of Aloe Vera gel on pain perception among patients with osteoarthritis in selected communities at Kanyakumari district. Objectives: (i) To assess and compare the pre-test and post-test level of pain perception among patients with osteoarthritis in experimental and control group. (ii) To evaluate the effectiveness of Aloe Vera gel on level of pain perception among patients with osteoarthritis in experimental group. (iii) To find out the association between the post-test level of pain perception among patients with osteoarthritis in experimental group and control group with the selected demographic variables. A Quasi experimental, non-equivalent, pre test and post test control group design was adopted. The convenience sampling technique was used to select 30 samples for experimental group and 30 samples for control group. OARSI (osteoarthritis research society international) questionnaire was used to assess the osteoarthritic pain. Aloe Vera gel was applied locally on painful areas for 28 consequent days and post test was conducted on 28th day by using OARSI questionnaire. The data were gathered and analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistical method. The findings revealed that during pre test 20(67%) of them had moderate pain, 10(33%) of them had mild pain. During post test 19(63%) of them were in mild pain, 11(37%) of them were in moderate pain. The mean score on level of pain perception among patients with osteoarthritis was 33.3 in pre test and 22 in post test. The estimated t’ value was 8.99* which is significant at p < 0.05. It shows that local application of Aloe Vera gel was effective in reducing the level of pain perception among osteoarthritis pain. Hence the research hypothesis H1 is retained. This study statistically proved the pain reducing effect of Aloe Vera gel on Osteoarthritic patients at 5% significant level. The researcher concluded that Aloe Vera gel application is a non pharmacological, cost effective and very practicable measure to reduce the level of pain perception among patients with osteoarthritis. Keywords: Aloe Vera gel, Pain perception, Osteoarthritis.
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Kriplani, Priyanka, Kumar Guarve, and Uttam Singh Baghel. "Novel Herbal Topical Patch Containing Curcumin and Arnica montana for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis." Current Rheumatology Reviews 16, no. 1 (March 5, 2020): 43–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573397115666190214164407.
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Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) ranks fifth among all forms of disability affecting 10% of the world population. Current treatments available are associated with multiple side effects and do not slow down the progression of the disease. Moreover, no such effective treatment is available to date in various systems of medicine to treat osteoarthritis. Curcumin and Arnica have shown evident clinical advances in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Objective: The aim of the present study was to design, optimize and characterize novel herbal transdermal patches of curcumin and Arnica montana using factorial design. Methods: A multiple factorial design was employed to investigate the effect of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose and jojoba oil on elongation and drug release. Transdermal patches were evaluated by FTIR, DSC, FESEM, ex vivo drug permeation, anti osteoarthritic activity and analgesic activity. Results: Independent variables exhibited a significant effect on the physicochemical properties of the prepared formulations. The higher values of drug release and elongation were observed with the higher concentration of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and jojoba oil. Anti osteoarthritic activity was assessed by complete Freund's adjuvant arthritis model; using rats and analgesic activity by Eddy's hot plate method, using mice. Combination patch exhibited good anti osteoarthritic and analgesic activity as compare to individual drug patches. Conclusion: The design results revealed that the combination patch exhibited good physicochemical, anti osteoarthritic and analgesic activity for the treatment of osteoarthritis in animals. More plants and their combinations should be explored to get reliable, safe and effective formulations that can compete with synthetic drugs.
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Huang, Chung-Cheng, Chen-Chang Lee, Ching-Jen Wang, Feng-Sheng Wang, Hsuan-Ying Huang, Shu-Hang Ng, Chia-Yi Tseng, and Sheung-Fat Ko. "Effect of Age-Related Cartilage Turnover on Serum C-Telopeptide of Collagen Type II and Osteocalcin Levels in Growing Rabbits with and without Surgically Induced Osteoarthritis." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/284784.
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This study aims to determine the effect of age-related cartilage turnover on the serum C-telopeptide of type II collagen (CTX-II) and osteocalcin (OC) levels in growing rabbits with and without surgically induced osteoarthritis. Twenty-four New Zealand male 3-month-old rabbits were randomized into three operated groups (n= 6 per group, with surgically induced osteroarthritis in the right knee; after blood sampling, the knees were harvested following euthanization at 2, 3, and 6 months after surgery) and a control group (n= 6, blood samples were obtained monthly between 3 and 15 months). Histomorphologically, the medial femoral condyles, particularly the central parts, harbored the most severe osteoarthritic changes among the operated rabbits. The serum levels of CTX-II and OC decreased in the controls from 3 to 11 months and then remained stable. No significant differences in the serum CTX-II and OC levels between the osteoarthritic rabbits and controls were observed. The osteoarthritic-to-normal ratios (ONRs, the ratios of serum CTX-II or OC levels in osteoarthritic rabbits to those of the controls at same ages) enabled an overall assessment of osteoarthritis and age-related cartilage turnover. Elevated CTX-II ONRs were observed in rabbits with mild to advanced osteoarthritis. However, the OC ONRs were unhelpful in assessing osteoarthritic growing rabbits.
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Al-Saadi, Hiba Murtadha, Kok-Yong Chin, Fairus Ahmad, Elvy Suhana Mohd Ramli, Azlan Mohd Arlamsyah, Fadhlullah Zuhair Japar Sidik, Juliana Abdul Hamid, and Ima Nirwana Soelaiman. "Effects of Palm Tocotrienol-Rich Fraction Alone or in Combination with Glucosamine Sulphate on Grip Strength, Cartilage Structure and Joint Remodelling Markers in a Rat Model of Osteoarthritis." Applied Sciences 11, no. 18 (September 15, 2021): 8577. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11188577.
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Background: Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease lacking disease-modifying therapeutic agents. This study aimed to compare the effects of palm tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF), glucosamine sulphate, and both agents combined in rats with osteoarthritis induced by monosodium iodoacetate (MIA). Methods: Thirty adult male rats were randomized into normal control, and osteoarthritis groups were treated orally daily with vehicle, palm TRF (100 mg/kg), glucosamine sulphate (250 mg/kg), and both agents combined for 4 weeks. Body weight and grip strength were measured weekly. After being sacrificed, the joints and blood were harvested for histology and serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) levels. Results: The body weight of the rats receiving treatment rebounded significantly after an initial reduction (vs osteoarthritic control, p < 0.05). The rats receiving combined treatments showed significantly better grip strength than the osteoarthritic control and individual treatment groups (p < 0.05). The serum COMP level was lower in all the treated groups (vs osteoarthritic control, p < 0.05). Cartilage histology of the treated rats was not significantly improved (vs osteoarthritic control, p > 0.05). Conclusion: The combination of palm TRF and glucosamine sulphate was more effective than individual agents in improving the grip strength of the rats, but the cartilage damage might need more time to heal.
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Baker, Melissa E., Seungmee Lee, Michael Clinton, Matthias Hackl, Catarina Castanheira, Mandy J. Peffers, and Sarah E. Taylor. "Investigation of MicroRNA Biomarkers in Equine Distal Interphalangeal Joint Osteoarthritis." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 24 (December 8, 2022): 15526. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232415526.
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Osteoarthritis of the equine distal interphalangeal joint is a common cause of lameness. MicroRNAs from biofluids are promising biomarkers and therapeutic candidates. Synovial fluid samples from horses with mild and severe equine distal interphalangeal joint osteoarthritis were submitted for small RNA sequencing. The results demonstrated that miR-92a was downregulated in equine synovial fluid from horses with severe osteoarthritis and there was a significant increase in COMP, COL1A2, RUNX2 and SOX9 following miR-92a mimic treatment of equine chondrocytes in monolayer culture. This is the first equine study to evaluate the role of miR-92a in osteoarthritic chondrocytes in vitro.
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Abd El-Karim, Somaia S., Ahlam H. Mahmoud, Asmaa K. Al-Mokaddem, Noha E. Ibrahim, Hamad M. Alkahtani, Amer Alhaj Zen, and Manal M. Anwar. "Development of a New Benzofuran–Pyrazole–Pyridine-Based Molecule for the Management of Osteoarthritis." Molecules 28, no. 19 (September 27, 2023): 6814. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28196814.
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Osteoarthritis is a substantial burden for patients with the disease. The known medications for the disease target the mitigation of the disease’s symptoms. So, drug development for the management of osteoarthritis represents an important challenge in the medical field. This work is based on the development of a new benzofuran–pyrazole–pyridine-based compound 8 with potential anti-inflammatory and anti-osteoarthritis properties. Microanalytical and spectral data confirmed the chemical structure of compound 8. The biological assays indicated that compound 8 produces multifunctional activity as an anti-osteoarthritic candidate via inhibition of pro-inflammatory mediators, including RANTES, CRP, COMP, CK, and LPO in OA rats. Histopathological and pharmacokinetic studies confirmed the safety profile of the latter molecule. Accordingly, compound 8 is considered a promising anti-osteoarthritis agent and deserves deeper investigation in future trials.
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Klinck, Mary P., Beatriz P. Monteiro, Bertrand Lussier, Martin Guillot, Maxim Moreau, Colombe Otis, Paulo VM Steagall, et al. "Refinement of the Montreal Instrument for Cat Arthritis Testing, for Use by Veterinarians: detection of naturally occurring osteoarthritis in laboratory cats." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery 20, no. 8 (September 18, 2017): 728–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1098612x17730172.
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Objectives Feline osteoarthritis causes pain and disability. Detection and measurement is challenging, relying heavily on owner report. This study describes refinement of the Montreal Instrument for Cat Arthritis Testing, for Use by Veterinarians. Methods A video analysis of osteoarthritic (n = 6) and non-osteoarthritic (n = 4) cats facilitated expansion of scale items. Three successive therapeutic trials (using gabapentin, tramadol and oral transmucosal meloxicam spray) in laboratory cats with and without natural osteoarthritis (n = 12–20) permitted construct validation (assessments of disease status sensitivity and therapeutic responsiveness) and further scale refinements based on performance. Results Scale osteoarthritic sensitivity improved from phase I to phase III; phase III scale total score ( P = 0.0001) and 4/5 subcategories – body posture ( P = 0.0006), gait ( P = 0.0031), jumping (0.0824) and global distance examination ( P = 0.0001) – detected osteoarthritic cats. Total score inter-rater (intra-class correlation coefficients [ICC] = 0.64–0.75), intra-rater (ICC = 0.90–0.91) and overall internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.85) reliability were good to excellent. von Frey anesthesiometer-induced paw withdrawal threshold increased with gabapentin in phase I, in osteoarthritic cats ( P <0.001) but not in non-osteoarthritic cats ( P = 0.075). Night-time activity increased during gabapentin treatment. Objective measures also detected tramadol and/or meloxicam treatment effects in osteoarthritic cats in phases II and III. There was some treatment responsiveness: in phase I, 3/10 subcategory scores improved ( P <0.09) in treated osteoarthritic cats; in phase II, 3/8 subcategories improved; and in phase III, 1/5 subcategories improved ( P <0.096). Conclusions and relevance The revised scale detected naturally occurring osteoarthritis, but not treatment effects, in laboratory cats, suggesting future potential for screening of at-risk cats. Further study is needed to confirm reliability, validity (disease sensitivity and treatment responsiveness) and clinical feasibility, as well as cut-off scores for osteoarthritic vs non-osteoarthritic status, in client-owned cats.
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Waraich, Harsimrat S., Vikas Kumar, Ashok Goel, and Jatinder Singh. "A comparative study to assess the safety and efficacy of etoricoxib versus aceclofenac in osteoarthritis." International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 7, no. 10 (September 24, 2018): 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20183939.
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Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is most common form of arthritis; also referred as degenerative joint disease or “wear and tear” arthritis. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors are effective for pain and inflammation in OA and gained importance over conventional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAIDs), as causes significantly less toxicity, particularly, in gastrointestinal tract. The objective of the present research was to study the short-term comparative clinical efficacy of aceclofenac and etoricoxib in patients with osteoarthritis and to compare the safety profile of the two drugs i.e. aceclofenac and etoricoxib.Methods: The present study was a prospective, open label, parallel, intention to treat 80 patients out of 102 screened for osteoarthritis in the Department of Orthopaedics, Guru Nanak Dev Hospital attached to the Government Medical College, Amritsar. Patients were randomly divided in two groups with 40 patients each. Group A patients received Tab etoricoxib 60mg once daily and Group B patients received Tab. Aceclofenac 100mg twice daily. Patients were followed up after three weeks and at six weeks for clinical efficacy and safety.Results: Both the groups found to have significant improvement in signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis. However, aceclofenac was superior to etoricoxib in terms of change in visual analogue scale score, osteoarthritic severity index, patients’ and physicians’ global assessment while, etoricoxib was superior in terms of WOMAC osteoarthritic index and safety parameters in terms of ADR.Conclusions: Etoricoxib was better than conventional NSAIDs for the symptomatic management of osteoarthritis in terms of safety profile and clinical efficacy.
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Crane, Camille, Caleb Wagner, Stephen Wong, Bryce Hall, Jillian Hull, Katharine Irwin, Kaitlin Williams, and Amanda Brooks. "Glenohumeral Osteoarthritis: A Biological Advantage or a Missed Diagnosis?" Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 8 (April 18, 2024): 2341. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm13082341.
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(1) Background: Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that is commonly diagnosed in the aging population. Interestingly, the lower extremity joints have a higher published incidence of osteoarthritis than the upper extremity joints. Although much is known about the disease process, it remains unclear why some joints are more affected than others. (2) Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted utilizing the search engines PubMed, Google Scholar, and Elsevier from 2014 to 2024, directing our search to osteoarthritis of various joints, with the focus being on glenohumeral osteoarthritis. (3) Results and Discussion: The literature review revealed a publication difference, which may be explained by the inconsistency in classification systems utilized in the diagnosis of shoulder osteoarthritis. For instance, there are six classification systems employed in the diagnosis of glenohumeral osteoarthritis, making the true incidence and, therefore, the prevalence unobtainable. Furthermore, susceptibility to osteoarthritis in various joints is complicated by factors such as joint anatomy, weight-bearing status, and prior injuries to the joint. (4) Conclusions: This review reveals the lack of understanding of shoulder osteoarthritis’s true incidence and prevalence while considering the anatomy and biomechanics of the glenohumeral joint. In addition, this is the first paper to suggest a single criterion for the diagnosis of glenohumeral osteoarthritis.
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ten Berg, Paul W. L., Erik Heeg, Simon D. Strackee, and Geert J. Streekstra. "Joint Space Narrowing in Patients With Pisotriquetral Osteoarthritis." HAND 12, no. 5 (November 10, 2016): 490–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1558944716677542.
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Background: Patients with suspected pisotriquetral osteoarthritis may show joint space narrowing. However, the extent of joint space narrowing and its deviation from the joint space width (JSW) in normal anatomy is unknown. In this pathoanatomic study, we therefore compared the JSW in the pisotriquetral joint between osteoarthritic patient wrists and healthy wrists. Methods: We reviewed preoperative computed tomography (CT) scans of 8 wrists of patients with ulnar-sided wrist pain who underwent a pisiformectomy with confirmed pisotriquetral osteoarthritis at surgery. We also reviewed CT scans of 20 normal wrists from healthy volunteers serving as control group. Three-dimensional CT models of the pisiform and triquetrum were obtained from both affected and normal wrists, after which the minimum JSW was calculated in an automated fashion. Results: In the patient group, the median (interquartile range) of the minimum JSW was 0.1 mm (0.0-0.2), and in the control group, 0.8 mm (0.3-0.9) ( P = .007). Conclusions: We showed that the pisotriquetral joint space in osteoarthritic patient wrists was significantly narrowed compared with healthy wrists. These results suggest that JSW evaluation has a potential diagnostic value in the work-up of patients with suspected pisotriquetral osteoarthritis. This is an interesting area for future clinical research, especially because no gold standard for diagnosing pisotriquetral osteoarthritis has been established yet.
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Shorter, Emily, Roberto Avelar, Margarita Zachariou, George M. Spyrou, Priyanka Raina, Aibek Smagul, Yalda Ashraf Kharaz, et al. "Identifying Novel Osteoarthritis-Associated Genes in Human Cartilage Using a Systematic Meta-Analysis and a Multi-Source Integrated Network." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 8 (April 15, 2022): 4395. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23084395.
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Osteoarthritis, the most common joint disorder, is characterised by deterioration of the articular cartilage. Many studies have identified potential therapeutic targets, yet no effective treatment has been determined. The aim of this study was to identify and rank osteoarthritis-associated genes and micro-RNAs to prioritise those most integral to the disease. A systematic meta-analysis of differentially expressed mRNA and micro-RNAs in human osteoarthritic cartilage was conducted. Ingenuity pathway analysis identified cellular senescence as an enriched pathway, confirmed by a significant overlap (p < 0.01) with cellular senescence drivers (CellAge Database). A co-expression network was built using genes from the meta-analysis as seed nodes and combined with micro-RNA targets and SNP datasets to construct a multi-source information network. This accumulated and connected 1689 genes which were ranked based on node and edge aggregated scores. These bioinformatic analyses were confirmed at the protein level by mass spectrometry of the different zones of human osteoarthritic cartilage (superficial, middle, and deep) compared to normal controls. This analysis, and subsequent experimental confirmation, revealed five novel osteoarthritis-associated proteins (PPIB, ASS1, LHDB, TPI1, and ARPC4-TTLL3). Focusing future studies on these novel targets may lead to new therapies for osteoarthritis.
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Gong, H. S., and K. J. Bae. "FRI0402 MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING EVALUATION OF CARTILAGE EROSION AND LIGAMENT INTEGRITY IN EARLY STAGE THUMB CARPOMETACARPAL JOINT OSTEOARTHRITIS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 799.3–799. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.878.
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Background:Most of the studies on pathogenesis of thumb carpometacaral joint (CMCJ-1) osteoarthritis were from cadavers or patients with advanced osteoarthritis, therefore the findings may not reflect any early changes of cartilage wear and ligament condition.Objectives:We evaluated MRI to address where articular degeneration begins and which ligaments are most often involved in the early clinical stage CMCJ-1 osteoarthritis.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed MRI examinations of 26 patients with early clinical stage CMCJ-1 osteoarthritis without radiologic abnormality and 19 control patients without CMCJ-1 pain or osteoarthritis who underwent MRI for dorsal or ulnar wrist pain. Two independent and blind observers assessed chondral defect of the CMCJ-1 divided into four quadrants: volar-ulnar (VU), volar-radial (VR), dorso-ulnar (DU), and dorso-radial (DR). They assessed the integrity of the four major ligaments of CMCJ-1: the anterior oblique ligament (AOL), the intermetacarpal ligament (IML), the posterior oblique ligament (POL), and the dorsal radial ligament (DRL). The prevalence of cartilage lesion and ligament abnormality between the osteoarthritic and control patients was compared using Fisher’s exact test.Results:Cartilage lesion was significantly more common in the VU quadrant of the trapezium in the osteoarthritic patients than in the control patients (17/26 vs. 2/19; P = 0.002). AOL abnormality was more common in the osteoarthritic patients than in the control patients (14/26 vs. 3/19; P = 0.009). In the osteoarthritic patients, 10 of 17 patients with VU quadrant cartilage erosion had AOL rupture, while four of nine patients without VU cartilage erosion had AOL rupture, thus there was no association between VU quadrant erosion and AOL rupture (10/17 vs 4/9, P = 0.484).Conclusion:MRI evaluation of early clinical CMCJ-1 osteoarthritis commonly demonstrate cartilage lesion in the VU quadrant of the trapezium and ligament abnormality in the AOL. However, no association of cartilage erosion in the VU region and AOL rupture suggests that AOL rupture is not a mechanical factor leading to TMCJ osteoarthritis in specific area, but a common finding secondary to arthritic changes.References:[1]Ladd AL, Lee J, Hagert E. Macroscopic and microscopic analysis of the thumb carpometacarpal ligaments: a cadaveric study of ligament anatomy and histology. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2012; 94(16):1468-1477.[2]Williams A, Shetty SK, Burstein D, Day CS, McKenzie C. Delayed gadolinium enhanced MRI of cartilage (dGEMRIC) of the first carpometacarpal (1CMC) joint: a feasibility study. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2008; 16(4):530-532.[3]Saltzherr MS, Coert JH, Selles RW, van Neck JW, Jaquet JB, van Osch GJ, et al. Accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging to detect cartilage loss in severe osteoarthritis of the first carpometacarpal joint: comparison with histological evaluation. Arthritis Res Ther. 2017; 19(1):55[4]Dumont C, Lerzer S, Vafa MA, Tezval M, Dechent P, Sturmer KM, et al. Osteoarthritis of the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb: a new MR imaging technique for the standardized detection of relevant ligamental lesions. Skeletal Radiol. 2014; 43(10):1411-1420.Disclosure of Interests:Hyun Sik Gong Speakers bureau: Amgen. Pfizer, Kee Jeong Bae: None declared
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Mölsä, S. H., J. T. Junnila, O. M. Laitinen-Vapaavuori, A. K. Hielm-Björkman, and H. K. Hyytiäinen. "Use of bathroom scales in measuring asymmetry of hindlimb static weight bearing in dogs with osteoarthritis." Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology 25, no. 05 (2012): 390–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3415/vcot-11-09-0135.
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SummaryObjective: The study assessed the use and reliability of bathroom scales as an objective measurement tool, and setting a normal variance of static weight bearing between hindlimbs.Methods: Two groups of dogs were tested: a healthy control group (n = 21) and a group (n = 43) of dogs with confirmed osteoarthritis in at least one stifle joint, with or without hip joint osteoarthritis. Static weight bearing was evaluated manually and measured with two bathroom scales. An orthopaedic examination was done and dynamic weight bearing was measured using a force platform. Radiographs were taken to confirm the presence of osteoarthritis, and dogs were divided into groups of severe and non-severe osteoarthritic changes. Reliability by repeatability was tested using analysis of variance, and the congruity between static weight bearing and other evaluation methods with Kappa statistics and proportion of agreement.Results: The difference between the hindlimbs proportional to the body weight in control dogs was 3.3% (± 2.7%). The repeatability of measuring static weight bearing in the hindlimbs of osteoarthritic dogs with bathroom scales was 81% with osteoarthritic limbs, and 70% for unaffected limbs. The sensitivity of static weight bearing measurements using bathroom scales was 39% and specificity 85%.Clinical significance: Bathroom scales are a reliable, simple, and cost-effective objective method for measuring static weight bearing and can be used as an outcome measure when rehabilitating dogs with osteoarthritic changes in the hindlimbs.
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Van Ginckel, Ans, and Erik Witvrouw. "Acute Cartilage Loading Responses After an In Vivo Squatting Exercise in People With Doubtful to Mild Knee Osteoarthritis: A Case-Control Study." Physical Therapy 93, no. 8 (August 1, 2013): 1049–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20120491.
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Background The effects of exercise on osteoarthritic cartilage remain elusive. Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of dynamic in vivo squatting exercise on the magnitude and spatial pattern of acute cartilage responses in people with tibiofemoral osteoarthritis (ie, Kellgren-Lawrence grades 1 and 2). Design This investigation was a case-control study. Methods Eighteen people with radiographic signs of doubtful to mild medial tibiofemoral osteoarthritis were compared with 18 people who were middle-aged and healthy (controls). Three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging was used to monitor deformation and recovery on the basis of 3-dimensional cartilage volume calculations (ie, total volume and volumes in anterior, central, and posterior subregions) before and after a 30-repetition squatting exercise. Three-dimensional volumes were estimated after semiautomatic segmentation and were calculated at 4 time points (1 before and 3 after scans). Scans obtained after the exercise were separated by 15-minute intervals. Results In both groups, significant deformation was noted in the medial compartment (−3.4% for the femur and −3.2% for the tibia in people with osteoarthritis versus −2.8% for the femur and −3.8% for the tibia in people in the control group). People with osteoarthritis had significant deformation in the lateral femur (−3.9%) and a tendency toward significant deformation in the lateral tibia (−3.1%). From 15 minutes after exercise cessation onward, volume changes were no longer significantly different from the baseline. At all time points, no significant between-group differences were revealed for volume changes. People with osteoarthritis showed a tendency toward slower recovery preceded by larger deformations in entire cartilage plates and subregions. Spatial subregional deformation patterns were similar between groups. Limitations Generalizability is limited to people with doubtful to mild osteoarthritis and low levels of pain. Conclusions Tibiofemoral cartilage deformation appeared similar in magnitude and spatial pattern in people who were middle-aged and either had or did not have tibiofemoral osteoarthritis (ie, Kellgren-Lawrence grades 1 and 2). Restoration of volumes required a 15-minute recovery, especially in the presence of osteoarthritic cartilage degeneration.
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Richter, Elisabeth, Christoph H. Lohmann, Francesco Dell’Accio, Claudia Goettsch, and Jessica Bertrand. "Sortilin Is Upregulated in Osteoarthritis-Dependent Cartilage Calcification and Associated with Cellular Senescence." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 15 (August 2, 2023): 12343. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241512343.
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Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease characterized by articular cartilage calcification, loss of articular cartilage, bone changes, pain, and disability. Cartilage calcification is one hallmark of OA and is predominantly caused by basic calcium crystals formed due to an imbalance of the pyrophosphate pathway. Sortilin is a transmembrane protein that contributes to vascular calcification in atherosclerosis by externalizing alkaline phosphatase (ALP)-containing vesicles. Calcification in atherosclerosis and osteoarthritis has been associated with cellular senescence. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential role of sortilin and senescence in osteoarthritis-dependent cartilage calcification. Osteoarthritic cartilage from human knee joints was collected after joint replacement, and samples were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and quantitative RT-PCR analysis. Human chondrocytes were treated with osteogenic medium for up to 21 days to induce calcification. Western blots for sortilin and ALP, as well as an ALP activity assay, were performed. Human chondrocytes were treated with mitomycin C to induce senescence, and sortilin expression was quantified at the protein and gene levels. Sections of knee joints from a murine model of osteoarthritis were stained for sortilin and p16 and analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Treatment of wild-type chondrocytes using an osteogenic medium similar to human chondrocytes was performed. Osteoarthritic cartilage from mouse and human knee joints showed an increased number of sortilin and p16-positive chondrocytes compared to healthy cartilage. This observation was corroborated by increased gene expression of sortilin and p16 in mild and moderate osteoarthritic cartilage samples. To investigate the mechanism of sortilin regulation, human chondrocytes were treated with osteogenic medium to induce calcification. Sortilin protein levels and expression were increased after 7 days of stimulation, whereas ALP levels and activity were upregulated after 21 days of stimulation. Similar observations were made in a murine osteoarthritis model. Mechanistically, senescent chondrocytes induced by mitomycin C showed an upregulation of sortilin and ALP gene expression compared to non-senescent chondrocytes. Our data indicate that sortilin and ALP are upregulated during cartilage calcification, which is associated with chondrocyte senescence and thus might contribute to the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. Cellular senescence seems to induce sortilin expression.
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Sadique, Mo, Kshitendra Mohan Jaishwal, and Sapna Ratan Shah. "Assessing the Influence of Glucosamine Supplementation on Synovial Fluid Dynamics in Osteoarthritic Knee Joints." International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 12, no. 2 (June 28, 2024): 84–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v12i2.65009.
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Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent joint disorder characterized by the degeneration of articular cartilage, leading to pain, stiffness, and impaired joint function. Synovial fluid plays a crucial role in maintaining joint health by providing lubrication, shock absorption, and nutrient supply to the articular cartilage. In Osteoarthritis, alterations in synovial fluid composition and flow dynamics contribute to disease progression and symptom severity. Glucosamine, a popular dietary supplement, is widely used for its purported benefits in managing Osteoarthritis symptoms and potentially slowing disease progression. Understanding how glucosamine affects synovial fluid dynamics in osteoarthritic knee joints is essential for optimizing treatment strategies and improving patient outcomes. Our research focuses on investigating the impact of glucosamine supplementation on synovial fluid dynamics within the knee joint of individuals with Osteoarthritis. Using computational modeling and simulation techniques, we explore the complex interplay between synovial fluid flow, cartilage health, and glucosamine supplementation. By analyzing synovial fluid flux in both the joint cavity and articular cartilage, we aim to elucidate how glucosamine influences fluid dynamics and joint biomechanics in osteoarthritic knees. Through our computational simulations, we assess the pressure gradient-induced flow of synovial fluid and its variations in response to glucosamine supplementation. Graphical representations of our findings provide insights into the underlying mechanisms driving synovial fluid dynamics and highlight the influence of glucosamine on these processes. By examining the effects of glucosamine on key model parameters, such as synovial fluid viscosity, cartilage integrity, and inflammatory markers, we aim to delineate the mechanisms through which glucosamine may exert its therapeutic effects in Osteoarthritis. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 12(2): 84-91.
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Cornelis, Frederique M. F., Silvia Monteagudo, Laura-An K. A. Guns, Wouter den Hollander, Rob G. H. H. Nelissen, Lies Storms, Tine Peeters, Ilse Jonkers, Ingrid Meulenbelt, and Rik J. Lories. "ANP32A regulates ATM expression and prevents oxidative stress in cartilage, brain, and bone." Science Translational Medicine 10, no. 458 (September 12, 2018): eaar8426. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.aar8426.
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Osteoarthritis is the most common joint disorder with increasing global prevalence due to aging of the population. Current therapy is limited to symptom relief, yet there is no cure. Its multifactorial etiology includes oxidative stress and overproduction of reactive oxygen species, but the regulation of these processes in the joint is insufficiently understood. We report that ANP32A protects the cartilage against oxidative stress, preventing osteoarthritis development and disease progression. ANP32A is down-regulated in human and mouse osteoarthritic cartilage. Microarray profiling revealed that ANP32A protects the joint by promoting the expression of ATM, a key regulator of the cellular oxidative defense. Antioxidant treatment reduced the severity of osteoarthritis, osteopenia, and cerebellar ataxia features in Anp32a-deficient mice, revealing that the ANP32A/ATM axis discovered in cartilage is also present in brain and bone. Our findings indicate that modulating ANP32A signaling could help manage oxidative stress in cartilage, brain, and bone with therapeutic implications for osteoarthritis, neurological disease, and osteoporosis.
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Alvarez López, Alejandro. "Lateral Knee Osteoarthritis." Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma Care 4, no. 1 (January 12, 2022): 01–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2694-0248/017.
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Background: gonarthrosis is a common entity characterized by involvement of one or more compartments, of which the lateral one is the one with the lowest incidence in isolation. Aim: the aims of this research are too updated on the most important features on lateral knee osteoarthritis and look for updated bibliography on the subject. Methods: PubMed, Hinari, SciELO and Medline databases were searched for citations from August 1st 2021 to September 30th 2021 using the EndNote search manager and reference manager. Out of 312 articles, 44 selected citations were used in this review, being 42 of the last five years. Results: the main causes of lateral knee osteoarthritis are mentioned, especially the secondary ones. Reference is made to the main clinical and imaging elements for diagnosis based on plain radiography and magnetic resonance imaging. Both conservative and surgical treatment modalities are exposed, in the latter the main indications and complications are described, among which osteotomies and arthroplasties stand out. Conclusions: lateral gonarthrosis is the least common of the unicompartmental gonarthrosis that affect the knee joint. Clinical and imaging diagnosis provides the essential elements for both conservative and surgical therapeutic behaviour, the latter modality includes techniques that preserve the joint such as osteotomies and others that do not, such as arthroplasties.
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Jaiswal, Dhananjay Kumar. "Article on Osteoarthritis." Journal of Orthopedics & Bone Disorders 7, no. 3 (2023): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/jobd-16000245.
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Osteoarthritis, a prevalent and debilitating joint disorder, gradually erodes cartilage—the protective cushion between bones—leading to pain, stiffness, and reduced joint mobility, primarily in weight-bearing joints. While age, genetics, and joint injuries are key contributors, the symptoms, starting with minor discomfort, escalate to pronounced pain and limited movement. Timely diagnosis, involving patient history, exams, and imaging, is vital. Treatment entails pain management, physical therapy, lifestyle adjustments, and, in extreme cases, joint replacement surgery. Ongoing research offers hope for improved therapies, emphasizing early intervention and holistic approaches for enhanced joint health. This article delves into the depths of osteoarthritis, unraveling its underlying mechanisms i.e. pathophysiology, risk factors, diagnostic approaches, and management strategies including latest advancement
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Swärd, Elin, Inger Nennesmo, and Maria Wilcke. "Structural Changes in the Posterior Interosseous Nerve from Patients with Wrist Osteoarthritis and Asymptomatic Controls." Journal of Wrist Surgery 9, no. 06 (July 29, 2020): 481–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1713655.
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Abstract Background Posttraumatic morphological changes have been described in the posterior interosseous nerve (PIN) after mild wrist trauma, and it has been suggested that posttraumatic nerve changes may contribute to wrist pain. PIN excision has shown to relieve pain in some patients with wrist osteoarthritis. However, is not known if PINs from osteoarthritic wrist have pathological features. Objective The aim of this study was to investigate whether PINs from osteoarthritic wrists show morphological changes that are not present in healthy wrists. Materials and Methods PINs resected from 15 osteoarthritic wrists were analyzed with light microscopy regarding morphological changes and compared with five asymptomatic controls without osteoarthritis. Results No significant differences in fascicular area, myelinated fiber density or myelinated fiber diameter were found. However, most patients and controls exhibited some degree of pathology, and a few samples from both groups exhibited severe pathological changes. Conclusions Our findings of morphological changes in both patients with osteoarthritis and asymptomatic controls suggest that pathological changes of unknown significance might exist in the general population in the PIN at wrist level. We believe that the observed structural nerve changes in the PIN are unlikely to contribute to the symptoms of pain. Further studies of the normal histological appearance of the terminal PIN are needed. Level of Evidence This is Level II study.
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Waluyo, Yose, Sari Rajwani Artika, Insani Nanda Wahyuni, Andi Muh Aunul Khaliq Gunawan, and Ahmad Taufik Fadillah Zainal. "Efficacy of Prolotherapy for Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review." Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine 55 (February 27, 2023): jrm00372. http://dx.doi.org/10.2340/jrm.v55.2572.
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Objective: Current treatments for osteoarthritis do not resolve the underlying cause. Dextrose prolotherapy is an alternative method that has been proposed for treatment of osteoarthritis, due to its ability to aid tissue regeneration, improve clinical manifestations, and repair damaged tissue structures, which are pathological conditions in osteoarthritis. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the efficacy of dextrose prolotherapy compared with other interventions in the management of osteoarthritis.Methods: Electronic databases PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane, and BioMed Central were searched from inception to October 2021. Search terms included [(prolotherapy) OR (prolotherapies) OR (dextrose prolotherapy)] AND [(osteoarthritis) OR (osteoarthritides) OR (knee osteoarthritis) OR (hip osteoarthritis) OR (hand osteoarthritis) OR (shoulder osteoarthritis)]. Randomized controlled trials that compared the use of dextrose prolotherapy with other interventions (injection, placebo, therapy, or conservative treatment) in the treatment of osteoarthritis were included. Potential articles were screened for eligibility, and data were extracted by all authors. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Study population, methods, and results data were extracted and tabulated by 3 authors.Results: 12 studies reported that DPT was as effective or even more effective in improving functional outcomes compared with other interventions whilst others found that HA, PRP, EP, and ACS were more effective. 14 studies assessed the effectiveness of DPT and ten of them reported that DPT was more effective in reducing pain compared with other interventions.Conclusion: Dextrose prolotherapy in osteoarthritis confers potential benefits for pain and functional outcomes, but this systematic review found that the studies to date are at high risk of bias. LAY ABSTRACTOsteoarthritis is a long-term chronic illness defined by the degeneration of cartilage in joints, causing bones to rub together and causing stiffness, discomfort, and decreased movement. Current treatment options for osteoarthritis do not address the fundamental cause. Dextrose prolotherapy is a potential alternative approach for OA, due to its capacity to help tissue regeneration, improve clinical symptoms, and repair damaged tissue structures, which are pathogenic in osteoarthritis. Despite several comparison studies, the superiority of dextrose prolotherapy in osteoarthritis remains equivocal due to contradictory outcomes. Based on this review, dextrose prolotherapy should be considered as a possible treatment for osteoarthritis.
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Moulishree Ramesh, Karthik Ganesh Mohanraj, and Don K R. "Association between osteoarthritis of knee joint with gender, diabetes and work related diseases in middle aged and old aged population - A survey." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, SPL3 (September 9, 2020): 112–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl3.2900.
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Osteoarthritis is a common musculoskeletal disorder where thinning of cartilage fibers occurs in the joints which causes stiffness, pain, and impairment. Diabetes is a metabolic disorder where the blood sugar level is not maintained properly at normal range. Knee joint osteoarthritis is one of the commonest arthritis. Age is said to be an essential risk factor for diabetes and arthritis. A well-structured set of self-evaluable questionnaires were circulated among the south Indian population. The data was collected by the survey planet link, the questions were verified by the institutional review board and the data was collected and analyzed. The variables were randomized to reduce bias. The data collected were manipulated and statistically analyzed. The awareness level and the suggestions regarding the relation between age, gender, diabetes, and knee joint arthritis were questioned and the opinions discussed. It was found that about 61.9% of the population suffers from osteoarthritic conditions. 46.4% of the population are sure and 43.3% population somewhat believe that onset of osteoarthritis is due to their diabetic condition. About 25.8% sure and 34% somewhat agree with the other risk factors of osteoarthritis. 43.3% of the population strongly agrees, 23.7% agree that obesity is a risk factor for both diabetes and osteoarthritis. About 47.4% of the populations are sure about the association between osteoarthritis and diabetes. The response shows that there is a relation between osteoarthritis and diabetes. So further studies should be made over the relation between diabetes and knee joint osteoarthritis among the middle and old aged population and the mechanism behind it and spread awareness about the same.
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Shen, Pengfei, Bin Wang, Chong Zheng, and Zikang Xie. "Shao-Yang-Xi-Bi-Fang Inhibits Chondrocyte Injury and Inflammation in a Rat Model of Osteoarthritis." Current Topics in Nutraceutical Research 20, no. 2 (September 23, 2021): 239–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.37290/ctnr2641-452x.20:239-246.
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In the present study, we have examined the protective role and mechanism of Shao-Yang-Xi-Bi-Fang on osteoarthritis induced chondrocyte injury. We observed (a) upregulation of the expression of miR-15a-5p that was positively associated with cell apoptosis and (b) downregulation of protein kinase B protein and mRNA expression in osteoarthritic tissues. Further studies showed that 3'-untranslated regions of the protein kinase B mRNA were the direct target of the miR-15a-5p. The downregulation of the miR-15a-5p led to upregulation of the protein kinase B and mammalian target of rapamycin expression. The Shao-Yang-Xi-Bi-Fang improved the morphological changes, inhibited cell apoptosis, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-1β in knee osteoarthritis rat model by inducing cell cycle arrest at G1 phase. Taken together, the Shao-Yang-Xi-Bi-Fang inhibited chondrocyte injury and inflammation in a rat model of osteoarthritis via targeting the miR-15a-5p/protein kinase B pathway, providing a new possible therapeutic regimen to osteoarthritis.
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ten Berg, P. W. L., J. G. G. Dobbe, M. E. Brinkhorst, S. D. Strackee, and G. J. Streekstra. "Comparing radial styloid size between osteoarthritic and healthy wrists: a pathoanatomical three-dimensional study." Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume) 42, no. 1 (September 28, 2016): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1753193416669261.
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Radial styloid pointing due to spur formation is considered an early sign of osteoarthritis, but is sometimes difficult to distinguish from normal anatomic variation. In this pathoanatomical study we used three-dimensional imaging techniques to evaluate quantitatively whether the styloid size is larger in wrists with scaphoid non-union than in healthy wrists. We compared these findings with duration of the non-union and with the scaphoid non-union advanced collapse classification, which was based on radiographic assessment of the general level of wrist osteoarthritis. In 31 patients, the injured styloid was consistently larger than the contralateral healthy styloid. In 74% of the patients this pathoanatomical difference (maximum 5 mm) exceeded anatomical left-to-right variation in styloid size (maximum 2 mm), indicating significant pointing. Increased styloid pointing was associated with older non-unions, and with more severe osteoarthritis. Three-dimensional styloid pointing analysis is an objective method to assess osteoarthritic progression. Combining traditional qualitative evaluation and quantitative measurements may improve the classification of wrist osteoarthritis. Level of evidence: IV
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Wu, Jiaqi, Zhan Zhang, Xun Ma, and Xueyong Liu. "Advances in Research on the Regulatory Roles of lncRNAs in Osteoarthritic Cartilage." Biomolecules 13, no. 4 (March 23, 2023): 580. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom13040580.
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Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative bone and joint disease that can lead to disability and severely affect the quality of life of patients. However, its etiology and pathogenesis remain unclear. It is currently believed that articular cartilage lesions are an important marker of the onset and development of osteoarthritis. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of multifunctional regulatory RNAs that are involved in various physiological functions. There are many differentially expressed lncRNAs between osteoarthritic and normal cartilage tissues that play multiple roles in the pathogenesis of OA. Here, we reviewed lncRNAs that have been reported to play regulatory roles in the pathological changes associated with osteoarthritic cartilage and their potential as biomarkers and a therapeutic target in OA to further elucidate the pathogenesis of OA and provide insights for the diagnosis and treatment of OA.
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Welhaven, Hope D., Avery H. Welfley, Priyanka Brahmachary, Annika R. Bergstrom, Eden Houske, Matthew Glimm, Brian Bothner, Alyssa K. Hahn, and Ronald K. June. "Metabolomic Profiles and Pathways in Osteoarthritic Human Cartilage: A Comparative Analysis with Healthy Cartilage." Metabolites 14, no. 4 (March 25, 2024): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo14040183.
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Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease with heterogenous metabolic pathology. To gain insight into OA-related metabolism, metabolite extracts from healthy (n = 11) and end-stage osteoarthritic cartilage (n = 35) were analyzed using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry metabolomic profiling. Specific metabolites and metabolic pathways, including lipid and amino acid pathways, were differentially regulated in osteoarthritis-derived and healthy cartilage. The detected alterations in amino acids and lipids highlighted key differences in bioenergetic resources, matrix homeostasis, and mitochondrial alterations in OA-derived cartilage compared to healthy cartilage. Moreover, the metabolomic profiles of osteoarthritic cartilage separated into four distinct endotypes, highlighting the heterogenous nature of OA metabolism and the diverse landscape within the joint in patients. The results of this study demonstrate that human cartilage has distinct metabolomic profiles in healthy and end-stage OA patients. By taking a comprehensive approach to assess metabolic differences between healthy and osteoarthritic cartilage and within osteoarthritic cartilage alone, several metabolic pathways with distinct regulation patterns were detected. Additional investigation may lead to the identification of metabolites that may serve as valuable indicators of disease status or potential therapeutic targets.
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Zrimšek, P., V. Kadunc Kos, J. Mrkun, and M. Kosec. "Diagnostic Value of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in Synovial Fluid for Identifying Osteoarthritis in the Distal Interphalangeal Joint in Horses." Acta Veterinaria Brno 76, no. 1 (2007): 87–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb200776010087.
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Our aim was to examine the diagnostic potential of matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2 and MMP-9 for identifying osteoarthritis in the horse. Horses were divided into two groups - a positive group consisting of 28 horses with cartilage damage in the distal interphalangeal joint and a negative group of 17 control horses. Clinical examination of the horses included evaluation of lameness, flexion test, diagnostic nerve blocks, X-ray and arthroscopy. MMP-2 and MMP-9 were detected in synovial fluid using gelatin zymography. Monomers of MMP-2 and MMP-9 appeared not to be specific for osteoarthritis since they also occurred in control samples. In contrast, detection of active forms of MMPs was found to be more effective than radiological examination in identifying horses with osteoarthritis, on the grounds of higher sensitivity. Active forms of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were observed with 88.24% and 82.35% specificity respectively, indicating the high accuracy in correctly identifying horses without osteoarthritis. Thus, as an addition to clinical examination, detection of MMPs could improve the diagnosis of osteoarthritis. Detection of active forms of MMP-2 and MMP-9 was evaluated as an additional diagnostic tool in diagnosing osteoarthritis, especially in the case of a negative X-ray result. The proportions of animals with confirmed osteoarthritis, which tested positive, were found to be 81.82% and 76.92%, respectively. The results of this study confirm that active forms of MMP occur in synovial fluid of osteoarthritic joints more frequently than in synovial fluid from normal joints of the horse. Detection of active forms of MMP-2 and MMP-9 is shown to have an important diagnostic potential.
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Li, C., Y. Ding, S. Li, S. Lin, Z. Wen, and Z. Ouyang. "TAK1 MEDIATES HMGB1-INDUCED MACROPHAGE ACTIVATION IN OSTEOARTHRITIS." Orthopaedic Proceedings 105-B, SUPP_7 (April 4, 2023): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/1358-992x.2023.7.107.
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Osteoarthritis, the most common degenerative joint disease, significantly impairs life quality and labor capability of patients. Synovial inflammation, initiated by HMGB1 (High mobility group box 1)-induced activation of macrophage, precedes other pathological changes. As an upstream regulator of NF-κB (nuclear factor-kappa B) and MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) signaling pathway, TAK1 (TGF-β activated kinase 1) participates in macrophage activation, while its function in osteoarthritis remains unveiled. This study aims to investigate the role of TAK1 in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis via both in vitro and in vivo approaches.We performed immunohistochemical staining for TAK1 in synovial tissue, both in osteoarthritis patients and healthy control. Besides, immunofluorescence staining for F4/80 as macrophage marker and TAK1 were conducted as well. TAK1 expression was examined in RAW264.7 macrophages stimulated by HMGB1 via qPCR (Quantitative polymerase chain reaction) and Western blotting, and the effect of TAK1 inhibitor (5z-7 oxozeaenol) on TNF-α production was evaluated by immunofluorescence staining. Further, we explored the influence of intra-articular shRNA (short hairpin RNA) targeting TAK1 on collagenase-induced osteoarthritis in mice.Immunohistochemical staining confirmed significant elevation of TAK1 in osteoarthritic synovium, and immunofluorescence staining suggested macrophages as predominant residence of TAK1. In HMGB1-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages, TAK1 expression was up-regulated both in mRNA and protein level. Besides, TAK1 inhibitor significantly impairs the production of TNF-α by macrophages upon HMGB1 stimulation. Moreover, intra-articular injection of lentivirus loaded with shRNA targeting TAK1 (sh-TAK1) reduced peri-articular osteophyte formation in collagenase-induced osteoarthritis in mice.TAK1 exerts a potent role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis by mediating the activation of macrophages.
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Shanmugasundaram, Saseendar, Ketansinh Solanki, Samudeeswari Saseendar, Vijay K. Chavada, and Riccardo D’Ambrosi. "Role of Doxycycline as an Osteoarthritis Disease-Modifying Drug." Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 8 (April 18, 2023): 2927. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12082927.
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Doxycycline is a drug that has been proposed to modify osteoarthritis (OA) progression, in addition to its role as an antibiotic. However, available evidence thus far comprises sporadic reports, with no consensus on its benefits. Hence, this review attempts to analyze the evidence available thus far on the role of doxycycline as a disease-modifying osteoarthritis drug (DMOAD) in knee osteoarthritis. The earliest evidence of doxycycline in OA appeared in 1991 when doxycycline was found to inhibit the type XI collagenolytic activity of extracts from the human osteoarthritic cartilage, and gelatinase and tetracycline were found to inhibit this metalloproteinase activity in articular cartilage in vivo, which could modify cartilage breakdown in osteoarthritis. Apart from the inhibition of cartilage damage by metalloproteinases (MMPs) and other cartilage-related mechanisms, doxycycline also affects the bone and interferes with many enzyme systems. The most significant finding after reviewing various studies was that doxycycline has a definitive role in structural changes in osteoarthritis progression and radiological joint space width, but its role in the improvement of clinical outcomes as a DMOAD has not been established. However, there is much of a gap and lack of evidence in this regard. Doxycycline, as an MMP inhibitor, has theoretical advantages for clinical outcomes, but the present studies reveal only beneficial structural changes in osteoarthritis and very minimal or nonexistent advantages in clinical outcomes. Current evidence does not favor the regular use of doxycycline for the treatment of osteoarthritis as an individual treatment option or in combination with others. However, multicenter large cohort studies are warranted to determine the long-term benefits of doxycycline.
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Hong, Junyi, Fusheng Ye, Binjia Yu, Junwei Gao, Feicheng Qi, and Wei Wang. "Identification of the specific microRNAs and competitive endogenous RNA mechanisms in osteoporosis." Journal of International Medical Research 48, no. 10 (October 2020): 030006052095472. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060520954722.
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Objective Osteoporosis and osteoarthritis are metabolic skeletal disorders. This study aimed to identify specific networks of competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) in osteoporosis that differ from those in osteoarthritis. Methods The dataset GSE74209 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus, and differentially expressed microRNAs (DEmiRNAs) in osteoporotic samples and osteoarthritic samples were identified. After predicting target genes and linked long noncoding (lnc)RNAs, ceRNA networks of DEmiRNAs were constructed. The nodes that overlapped between ceRNA networks and the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database were selected as key candidates. Results Fifteen DEmiRNAs (including 2 downregulated and 13 upregulated miRNAs) were identified in osteoporotic samples versus osteoarthritic samples; these targeted 161 genes and linked to 60 lncRNAs. The ceRNA network consisted of 6 DEmiRNAs, 63 target genes, and 53 lncRNAs. After searching the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database and mining the literature, 2 lncRNAs ( MALAT1 and NEAT1), 2 DEmiRNAs ( hsa- miR- 32-3p, downregulated; and hsa-miR-22-3p, upregulated) and 6 genes ( SP1, PTEN, ESR1, ERBB3, CSF1R, and CDK6) that relate to cell death, growth, and differentiation were identified as key candidates separating osteoporosis from osteoarthritis. Conclusions Two miRNA–ceRNA networks (including NEAT1/ MALAT1- hsa- miR- 32- 3p- SP1/ FZD6 and NEAT1/ MALAT1- hsa- miR- 22- 3p- PTEN/ ESR1/ ERBB3/ CSF1R/ CDK6) might have crucial and specific roles in osteoporosis.
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Russo, Rosita, Valentina Vassallo, Antonietta Stellavato, Mariangela Valletta, Donatella Cimini, Paolo Vincenzo Pedone, Chiara Schiraldi, and Angela Chambery. "Differential Secretome Profiling of Human Osteoarthritic Synoviocytes Treated with Biotechnological Unsulfated and Marine Sulfated Chondroitins." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 11 (May 26, 2020): 3746. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21113746.
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Symptomatic slow-acting drugs (SYSADOA) are increasingly used as effective therapies for osteoarthritis, representing an attractive alternative to analgesics or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to relieve disease symptoms. Pharmaceutical preparations of chondroitin sulfate, derived from animal sources, alone or in combination with glucosamine sulfate, are widely recognized for their beneficial effect on osteoarthritis treatment. A growing interest has also been devoted to understanding the molecular mechanisms modulated by SYSADOA using -omic strategies, most of which rely on chondrocytes as a model system. In this work, by using an integrated strategy based on unbiased proteomics and targeted cytokine profiling by a multiplexed protein array, we identified differences in the secretomes of human osteoarthritic synoviocytes in response to biotechnological unsulfated, and marine sulfated chondroitins treatments. The combined strategy allowed the identification of candidate proteins showing both common and distinct regulation responses to the two treatments of chondroitins. These molecules, mainly belonging to ECM proteins, enzymes, enzymatic inhibitors and cytokines, are potentially correlated to treatment outcomes. Overall, the present results provide an integrated overview of protein changes in human osteoarthritic synoviocytes secretome associated to different chondroitin treatments, thus improving current knowledge of the biochemical effects driven by these drugs potentially involved in pathways associated to osteoarthritis pathogenesis.
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Zholdoshova, Aigul. "The Relationship between Osteoarthritis and Osteoporosis in Patients with Primary Generalized Osteoarthritis." Turkish Journal of Rheumatology 28, no. 3 (September 20, 2013): 163–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5606/tjr.2013.2984.
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Song, Yingzhuo, Tao Zhang, Huiguang Cheng, Wei Jiang, Pu Li, Jun Zhang, and Zhanhai Yin. "Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquid-Assisted Preparation of Nano-Spheres Loaded with Bio-Active Peptides to Decrease Inflammation in an Osteoarthritis Model: Ex Vivo Evaluations." Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology 17, no. 5 (May 1, 2021): 859–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jbn.2021.3069.
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Osteoarthritis is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases. Cartilage inflammation in osteoarthritis results from pain in articular joints. Anti-inflammatory drugs provide relief by hindering the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and interleukin-6. Targeted delivery of anti-inflammatory drugs is very effective in the treatment of osteoarthritis. This approach reduces the usage of therapeutic drug dosages and unwanted side effects. Here, we fabricated a non-invasive and efficient targeted drug delivery system to reduce persistent inflammation in an osteoarthritis model. Temperature-sensitive hollow dextran/poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) nanoparticles were synthesized by the destruction of N,N’-bis(acryloyl)cystamine crosslinked cores in imidazolium-based ionic liquids. The copolymerized 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid created sulfur functionalities that increase the loading of therapeutic KAFAK peptides. The chemical structure of the polymer nanoparticles was analyzed with UV-Visible, Fourier transform infrared, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The thermal responsive characteristics of the nanoparticles were determined with dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy analyses. Moreover, the synthesized nanoparticles were used as drug carriers to reduce inflammation in an Ex Vivo osteoarthritis model. The KAFAK-loaded hollow dextran/PNIPAM nanoparticles effectively delivered therapeutic peptides in cartilage explants to suppress inflammation. These thermoresponsive nanoparticles could be an effective drug delivery system to deliver anti-inflammatory therapeutic peptides in a highly osteoarthritic environment.
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Valente, Catarina, Laura Haefliger, Julien Favre, and Patrick Omoumi. "Ossification of the acetabular rim: a highly prevalent finding in asymptomatic non-osteoarthritic hips of all ages." European Radiology 31, no. 9 (March 13, 2021): 6802–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00330-021-07750-y.
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Abstract Objective To estimate the prevalence of acetabular rim ossifications in the adult population with asymptomatic, morphologically normal hips at CT and to determine whether the presence of these ossifications is associated with patient- or hip-related parameters. Methods We prospectively included all patients undergoing thoracoabdominal CT over a 3-month period. After exclusion of patients with a clinical history of hip pathology and/or with signs of osteoarthritis on CT, we included a total of 150 hips from 75 patients. We analyzed the presence and the size of ossifications around the acetabular rim. The relationships between the size of acetabular rim ossifications and patient-related (sex, age, BMI) or hip-related parameters (joint space width, and cam- and pincer-type femoroacetabular impingement morphology) were tested using multiple regression analysis. Results The prevalence of acetabular rim ossifications in this population of asymptomatic, non-osteoarthritic hips was 96% (95% CI = [80.1; 100.0]). The presence of ossifications and their size were correlated between the right and left hips (Spearman coefficient = 0.64 (95% CI = [0.46;0.79]), p < 0.05)). The size of acetabular rim ossifications was significantly associated with age (p < 0.0001) but not with BMI (p = 0.35), gender (p = 0.05), joint space width (p ≥ 0.53 for all locations), or any of the qualitative or quantitative parameters associated with femoroacetabular morphology (p ≥ 0.34). Conclusion Acetabular rim ossifications are highly prevalent in asymptomatic, non-osteoarthritic adult hips at all ages. Their size is not correlated with any patient- or hip-related parameters except for age. These findings suggest that ossifications at the acetabular rim, when present in isolation, should not be considered a sign of osteoarthritis or femoroacetabular impingement morphology. Key Points • Acetabular rim ossifications are extremely common in asymptomatic, non-osteoarthritic adult hips. • Acetabular rim ossifications are present independently from other signs of osteoarthritis in adult hips at all ages and should not be interpreted as a pathological finding. • The diagnosis of osteoarthritis or femoroacetabular impingement morphology should not be made based on the sole presence of ossifications at the acetabular rim.
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Eriksen, Erik Fink, Osvandre Lech, Gilberto Yoshinobu Nakama, and Denise M. O’Gorman. "Disease-Modifying Adjunctive Therapy (DMAT) in Osteoarthritis—The Biological Effects of a Multi-Mineral Complex, LithoLexal® Joint—A Review." Clinics and Practice 11, no. 4 (November 26, 2021): 901–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/clinpract11040104.
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Modern advances in molecular medicine have led to the reframing of osteoarthritis as a metabolically active, inflammatory disorder with local and systemic contributing factors. According to the ‘inflammatory theory’ of osteoarthritis, immune response to an initial damage is the key trigger that leads to progressive joint destruction. Several intertwined pathways are known to induce and govern articular inflammation, cartilage matrix degradation, and subchondral bone changes. Effective treatments capable of halting or delaying the progression of osteoarthritis remain elusive. As a result, supplements such as glucosamine and chondroitin sulphate are commonly used despite the lack of scientific consensus. A novel option for adjunctive therapy of osteoarthritis is LithoLexal® Joint, a marine-derived, mineral-rich extract, that exhibited significant efficacy in clinical trials. LithoLexal® has a lattice microstructure containing a combination of bioactive rare minerals. Mechanistic research suggests that this novel treatment possesses various potential disease-modifying properties, such as suppression of nuclear factor kappa-B, interleukin 1β, tumor necrosis factor α, and cyclooxygenase-2. Accordingly, LithoLexal® Joint can be considered a disease-modifying adjunctive therapy (DMAT). LithoLexal® Joint monotherapy in patients with knee osteoarthritis has significantly improved symptoms and walking ability with higher efficacy than glucosamine. Preliminary evidence also suggests that LithoLexal® Joint may allow clinicians to reduce the dose of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in osteoarthritic patients by up to 50%. In conclusion, the multi-mineral complex, LithoLexal® Joint, appears to be a promising candidate for DMAT of osteoarthritis, which may narrow the existing gap in clinical practice.
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Zhang, Yaxin, Jihang Dai, Lianqi Yan, Qun Lin, Haixiang Miao, Xingkai Wang, Jingcheng Wang, and Yu Sun. "DL-3-N-Butylphthalide Promotes Cartilage Extracellular Matrix Synthesis and Inhibits Osteoarthritis Development by Regulating FoxO3a." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2022 (July 20, 2022): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9468040.
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Osteoarthritis (OA) has been reported as a progressive disease in the elderly, primarily characterized by degenerated articular cartilage. There has been no satisfactory drug for the treatment of OA. DL-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP), a small molecule compound extracted from celery seeds, may have antiapoptotic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities in numerous studies. However, the effects of NBP on OA and its mechanisms have been rarely reported. In this study, the effect of NBP on OA in vitro and in vivo and its possible mechanism were investigated. The results showed that NBP injection into the knee joint inhibited osteoarthritis development in a rat model of osteoarthritis induced by DMM+ACLT. NBP could increase the expressions of extracellular matrix-related components (such as type II collagen, aggrecan, proteoglycan 4, and SRY-box 9) in human osteoarthritic chondrocytes and cartilage explants. Moreover, NBP promoted the expressions of SOD and CAT. NBP upregulated the expression of FoxO3a by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT pathway, which subsequently inhibited the apoptosis of human OA chondrocytes. In conclusion, NBP promotes cartilage extracellular matrix synthesis and inhibits osteoarthritis development and the underlying mechanism related to the activation of FoxO3a.
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Rustam, Muhammad, Agussalim Ali, Iis Ainu Rahma, and La Ode Alifariki. "Relationship between Degree of Radiological Disability and Degree of Pain in Osteoarthritis at Southeast Sulawesi." Sriwijaya Journal of Medicine 3, no. 2 (April 2, 2020): 121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.32539/sjm.v3i2.71.
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Introduction. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease with slow progressive which has a characteristic pathological sign of joint deterioration as a result of biochemical, metabolic, physiological, and pathological changes. Pain is a complaint that is generally felt by people with osteoarthritis and has a different degree in each patient. The purpose of this study determines the correlation between radiological abnormalities staging and pain level with osteoarthritic of the knee joint of Kendari general hospital. Methods. This research is an observational analytic study with cross-sectional approach. Thirty-seven samples were acquired through total sampling. Data were analyzed using the Spearman correlation test (p-value <0,05). Result. The univariate analysis shows that most patients have a moderate radiological abnormality that was 12 (32.43%), and most of the patient have severe pain level that was19 (51.35%). Based on the bivariate statistical test, a positive correlation was obtained between radiological abnormalities staging and pain level with osteoarthritis of knee joint with p=0,000 and r=0,831. Conclusion. There was a significant correlation between radiological abnormalities staging and pain level with osteoarthritis of the knee joint of Kendari general hospital.
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Summers, Timothy Kyle, Benjamin Derick Sookhoo, Lorie Stumpo, and Stephen A. Parada. "Suprascapular Artery Aneurysm Secondary to Severe Shoulder Joint Osteoarthritis." Case Reports in Orthopedic Research 3, no. 2 (May 5, 2020): 62–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000507505.
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Aneurysms of the thyrocervical trunk and collateral branches are rarely encountered. Upon literature review, no documented cases of a suprascapular artery aneurysm resulting from osteoarthritis have been previously described. A 64-year-old female was found to have focal aneurysmal formation within the suprascapular artery. The extensive osteoarthritic changes to the glenoid, including medialization of her joint line, is hypothesized to have led to arterial injury and the observed aneurysm formation. Chronic mechanical stress on small vessels from abnormal bony contact in the setting of osteoarthritis can lead to aneurysmal formation. Arthritis as a cause of aneurysm formation in collateral vessels of the thyrocervical trunk has not been previously described.
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Addison, Elena S., and Dylan N. Clements. "Repeatability of quantitative sensory testing in healthy cats in a clinical setting with comparison to cats with osteoarthritis." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery 19, no. 12 (February 1, 2017): 1274–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1098612x17690653.
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Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the repeatability of quantitative sensory tests (QSTs) in a group of healthy untrained cats (n = 14) and to compare the results with those from cats with osteoarthritis (n = 7). Methods Peak vertical force (PVF) and vertical impulse were measured on a pressure plate system. Thermal sensitivity was assessed using a temperature-controlled plate at 7°C and 40°C. Individual paw lifts and overall duration of paw lifts were counted and measured for each limb. Paw withdrawal thresholds were measured using manual and electronic von Frey monofilaments (MVF and EVF, respectively) applied to the metacarpal or metatarsal pads. All measurements were repeated twice to assess repeatability of the tests. Results In healthy cats all tests were moderately repeatable. When compared with cats with osteoarthritis the PVF was significantly higher in healthy hindlimbs in repeat 1 but not in repeat 2. Cats with osteoarthritis of the forelimbs showed a decrease in the frequency of paw lifts on the 7°C plate compared with cats with healthy forelimbs, and the duration of paw lifts was significantly less than healthy forelimbs in the first repeat but not in the second repeat. Osteoarthritic limbs had significantly lower paw withdrawal thresholds with both MVF and EVF than healthy limbs. Conclusions and relevance QSTs are moderately repeatable in untrained cats. Kinetic gait analysis did not permit differentiation between healthy limbs and those with osteoarthritis, but thermal sensitivity testing (cold) does. Sensory threshold testing can differentiate osteoarthritic and healthy limbs, and may be useful in the diagnosis and monitoring of this condition in cats in the clinical setting.
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Zvekic-Svorcan, Jelena, Ivana Minakovic, Ksenija Boskovic, Dusica Simic-Panic, Jelena Mikov, and Natasa Igic. "Pharmacological osteoarthritis therapy and modern therapeutic principles." Medical review 75, Suppl. 2 (2022): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns22s2047z.
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Introduction. The purpose of treating osteoarthritis is to relieve pain, improve the function of the osteoarthritic joint, and arrest further development of osteoarthritis through non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatment modalities. Pharmacological osteoarthritis therapy. In the treatment of osteoarthritis, guidelines and recommendations are often consulted, but they do not dictate the treatment mode, which is tailored to the individual needs of the patient. These guidelines promote desired and positive treatment outcomes, but cannot predict a specific outcome. They are also valuable when analyzing the use of topical and oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, keeping dosage as low as possible for the shortest time. For example, monitoring hepatotoxicity is advised when administering paracetamol, while caution is needed when prescribing drugs with a central effect due to the possible development of addiction and appearance of toxic effects. A significant body of research on the use of chondroprotectors exists, but there is a large discrepancy across studies. Nonetheless, their findings indicate benefits of intra-articular administration of glucocorticoids. However, their more frequent administration can lead to accelerated cartilage loss, while guidelines differ concerning intra-articular administration of hyaluronic acid, the administration of plasma enriched with platelets, and the administration of stem cells due to the heterogeneity of the preparations and the lack of standardization in their administration. Conclusion. Non-surgical therapy is a growing field of research, especially from a pharmacological point of view, intending to find the best treatment to slow down or completely stop further development of osteoarthritis.
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Balaskas, Panagiotis, Katarzyna Goljanek-Whysall, Peter D. Clegg, Yongxiang Fang, Andy Cremers, Aibek Smagul, Tim J. M. Welting, and Mandy J. Peffers. "MicroRNA Signatures in Cartilage Ageing and Osteoarthritis." Biomedicines 11, no. 4 (April 17, 2023): 1189. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11041189.
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Osteoarthritis is the most common degenerative joint disorder. MicroRNAs are gene expression regulators that act post-transcriptionally to control tissue homeostasis. Microarray analysis was undertaken in osteoarthritic intact, lesioned and young intact cartilage. Principal component analysis showed that young intact cartilage samples were clustered together; osteoarthritic samples had a wider distribution; and osteoarthritic intact samples were separated into two subgroups, osteoarthritic-Intact-1 and osteoarthritic-Intact-2. We identified 318 differentially expressed microRNAs between young intact and osteoarthritic lesioned cartilage, 477 between young intact and osteoarthritic-Intact-1 cartilage and 332 between young intact and osteoarthritic-Intact-2 cartilage samples. For a selected list of differentially expressed microRNAs, results were verified in additional cartilage samples using qPCR. Of the validated DE microRNAs, four—miR-107, miR-143-3p, miR-361-5p and miR-379-5p—were selected for further experiments in human primary chondrocytes treated with IL-1β. Expression of these microRNAs decreased in human primary chondrocytes treated with IL-1β. For miR-107 and miR-143-3p, gain- and loss-of-function approaches were undertaken and associated target genes and molecular pathways were investigated using qPCR and mass spectrometry proteomics. Analyses showed that WNT4 and IHH, predicted targets of miR-107, had increased expression in osteoarthritic cartilage compared to young intact cartilage and in primary chondrocytes treated with miR-107 inhibitor, and decreased expression in primary chondrocytes treated with miR-107 mimic, suggesting a role of miR-107 in chondrocyte survival and proliferation. In addition, we identified an association between miR-143-3p and EIF2 signalling and cell survival. Our work supports the role of miR-107 and miR-143-3p in important chondrocyte mechanisms regulating proliferation, hypertrophy and protein translation.
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Lobenhoffer, Philipp. "Indication for Unicompartmental Knee Replacement versus Osteotomy around the Knee." Journal of Knee Surgery 30, no. 08 (August 25, 2017): 769–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1605558.
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AbstractUnicompartmental medial or lateral osteoarthritis of the knee is found in up to 50% of all osteoarthritic patients and may be addressed surgically either by knee osteotomies or unicompartmental replacements. The limits for indicating one procedure or the other are somehow not defined. This article discusses the diagnostic algorithm and the most important decision factors. A long-leg radiograph and formal deformity analysis is mandatory. If constitutional or posttraumatic metaphyseal deformity in the frontal plane is detected and the opposite compartment is intact, an osteotomy should be considered. The result is not depending on age and grade of osteoarthritis. Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty is indicated in substantial osteoarthritis of one compartment (bone-on-bone) with intact ligaments and a functionally intact contralateral compartment. The anatomy of the femur and tibia should be normal with no gross osseous deformity. Age, obesity, or asymptomatic patellofemoral degeneration are not considered exclusion criteria for those surgical procedures.
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YAMAZAKI, H., S. UCHIYAMA, Y. HATA, N. MURAKAMI, and H. KATO. "Extensor Tendon Rupture Associated with Osteoarthritis of the Distal Radioulnar Joint." Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume) 33, no. 4 (August 2008): 469–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1753193408090098.
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Non-rheumatoid osteoarthritis of the distal radioulnar joint can cause extensor tendon rupture. We analysed the radiographic morphology of the distal radioulnar joint to identify the risk factors for this complication. Forty-one wrist X-rays of 37 patients with extensor tendon rupture caused by distal radioulnar joint osteoarthritis were evaluated retrospectively for the severity of osteoarthritis by the Kellgren/Lawrence scoring system. Measurements were obtained from posteroanterior views. All but one wrist had severe osteoarthritic changes exceeding grade 3. The radiographic features that were different from those of the contralateral wrists included deepening and widening of the sigmoid notch, radial shift of the ulnar head and dorsal inclination of the sigmoid notch. There was no significant association between tendon rupture and the morphology of the ulnar head or ulnar variance. The scallop sign, dorsal inclination of the sigmoid notch and radial shift of the ulnar head are radiological risk factors for extensor tendon ruptures.
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Singh, Poonam. "Integrated Management of Knee Osteoarthritis Associated Hypertension with Naturopathy and Yoga: A Case Report." International Research Journal of Ayurveda & Yoga 05, no. 10 (2022): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.47223/irjay.2022.51009.
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Osteoarthritis of the Knees (OA Knees) also known as degenerative arthritis or degenerative joint disease is a group of mechanical abnormalities involving the degradation of joints, including articular cartilage and subchondral bone. Associated comorbid conditions such as hypertension increase the symptoms. Allopathic drugs taken to relieve the symptoms have their own side effects. The aim of treatment with naturopathy, yoga, and diet therapy is the reduction of symptoms and an increase in functional activities of patients with osteoarthritis of the knees. Naturopathy and therapeutic yogic exercises reduce pain, improve the strength of the joints, and support muscles and ligaments which provides good flexibility of the joints, and increases the range of motion. Diet plays a major role to prevent and control degeneration. A Vitamin D-rich diet helps to regenerate the joint wear and prevents worsening of the knee symptoms. Osteoarthritis may lead to early disability condition which needs to be managed as soon as possible. Osteoarthritic management requires a holistic approach.