Relevant bibliographies by topics / OsHV-1 µVar

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Academic literature on the topic 'OsHV-1 µVar'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 8 March 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "OsHV-1 µVar"

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Burge, CA, KS Reece, AK Dhar, P. Kirkland, B. Morga, L. Dégremont, N. Faury, BJT Wippel, A. MacIntyre, and CS Friedman. "First comparison of French and Australian OsHV-1 µvars by bath exposure." Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 138 (March 12, 2020): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/dao03452.

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Economically devastating mortality events of farmed and wild shellfish due to infectious disease have been reported globally. Currently, one of the most significant disease threats to Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas culture is the ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1), in particular the emerging OsHV-1 microvariant genotypes. OsHV-1 microvariants (OsHV-1 µvars) are spreading globally, and concern is high among growers in areas unaffected by OsHV-1. No study to date has compared the relative virulence among variants. We provide the first challenge study comparing survival of naïve juvenile Pacific oysters exposed to OsHV-1 µvars from Australia (AUS µvar) and France (FRA µvar). Oysters challenged with OsHV-1 µvars had low survival (2.5% exposed to AUS µvar and 10% to FRA µvar), and high viral copy number as compared to control oysters (100% survival and no virus detected). As our study was conducted in a quarantine facility located ~320 km from the ocean, we also compared the virulence of OsHV-1 µvars using artificial seawater made from either facility tap water (3782 µmol kg-1 seawater total alkalinity) or purchased distilled water (2003 µmol kg-1). Although no differences in survival or viral copy number were detected in oysters exposed to seawater made using tap or distilled water, more OsHV-1 was detected in tanks containing the lower-alkalinity seawater, indicating that water quality may be important for virus transmission, as it may influence the duration of viral viability outside of the host.
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Agnew, M. Victoria, Carolyn S. Friedman, Christopher Langdon, Konstantin Divilov, Blaine Schoolfield, Benjamin Morga, Lionel Degremont, et al. "Differential Mortality and High Viral Load in Naive Pacific Oyster Families Exposed to OsHV-1 Suggests Tolerance Rather than Resistance to Infection." Pathogens 9, no. 12 (December 17, 2020): 1057. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9121057.

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Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas, are one of the most productive aquaculture species in the world. However, they are threatened by the spread of Ostreid herpesvirus-1 (OsHV-1) and its microvariants (collectively “µvars”), which cause mass mortalities in all life stages of Pacific oysters globally. Breeding programs have been successful in reducing mortality due to OsHV-1 variants following viral outbreaks; however, an OsHV-1-resistant oyster line does not yet exist in the United States (US), and it is unknown how OsHV-1 µvars will affect US oyster populations compared to the current variant, which is similar to the OsHV-1 reference, found in Tomales Bay, CA. The goals of this study were to investigate the resistance of C. gigas juveniles produced by the Molluscan Broodstock Program (MBP) to three variants of OsHV-1: a California reference OsHV-1, an Australian µvar, and a French µvar. This is the first study to directly compare OsHV-1 µvars to a non-µvar. The survival probability of oysters exposed to the French (FRA) or Australian (AUS) µvar was significantly lower (43% and 71%, respectively) than to the reference variant and controls (96%). No oyster family demonstrated resistance to all three OsHV-1 variants, and many surviving oysters contained high copy numbers of viral DNA (mean ~3.53 × 108). These results indicate that the introduction of OsHV-1 µvars could have substantial effects on US Pacific oyster aquaculture if truly resistant lines are not achieved, and highlight the need to consider resistance to infection in addition to survival as traits in breeding programs to reduce the risk of the spread of OsHV-1 variants.
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Cain, Georgia, Olivia Liu, Richard J. Whittington, and Paul M. Hick. "Reduction in Virulence over Time in Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) Microvariants between 2011 and 2015 in Australia." Viruses 13, no. 5 (May 20, 2021): 946. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13050946.

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Microvariant genotypes of Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) are associated with mass mortality events of Pacific oysters in many countries. The OsHV-1 microvariant (µVar) emerged in France 2008 and caused significant economic losses as it became endemic and displaced the previously dominant OsHV-1 reference genotype. Recently, considerable genotypic variation has been described for OsHV-1 microvariants, however, less is known about variation in viral phenotype. This study used an in vivo laboratory infection model to assess differences in total cumulative mortality, peak viral load, transmissibility, and dose-response for three OsHV-1 isolates obtained between 2011 and 2015 from endemic waterways in Australia. This followed field observations of apparent reductions in the severity of mass mortalities over this time. Significantly higher hazard of death and cumulative mortality were observed for an isolate obtained in 2011 compared to isolates from 2014–2015. In keeping with other studies, the hazard of death was higher in oysters challenged by injection compared to challenge by cohabitation and the mortality was higher when the initial dose was 1 × 104 OsHV-1 DNA copies per oyster injection compared to 1 × 102 DNA copies. There was no difference in the quantity of OsHV-1 DNA at time of death that could be related to isolate or dose, suggesting similar pathogenetic processes in the individual oysters that succumbed to end-stage disease. While the isolates examined in this study were biased towards pathogenic types of OsHV-1, as they were collected during disease outbreaks, the variation in virulence that was observed, when combined with prior data on subclinical infections, suggests that surveillance for low virulence genotypes of OsHV-1 would be rewarding. This may lead to new approaches to disease management which utilize controlled exposure to attenuated strains of OsHV-1.
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Abbadi, Miriam, Gianpiero Zamperin, Michele Gastaldelli, Francesco Pascoli, Umberto Rosani, Adelaide Milani, Alessia Schivo, et al. "Identification of a newly described OsHV-1 µvar from the North Adriatic Sea (Italy)." Journal of General Virology 99, no. 5 (May 1, 2018): 693–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.001042.

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5

Paul-Pont, I., O. Evans, NK Dhand, and RJ Whittington. "Experimental infections of Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas using the Australian ostreid herpesvirus-1 (OsHV-1) µVar strain." Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 113, no. 2 (March 9, 2015): 137–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/dao02826.

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de Kantzow, M., P. Hick, JA Becker, and RJ Whittington. "Effect of water temperature on mortality of Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas associated with microvariant ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1 µVar)." Aquaculture Environment Interactions 8 (August 3, 2016): 419–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/aei00186.

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7

Clerissi, Camille, Xing Luo, Aude Lucasson, Shogofa Mortaza, Julien de Lorgeril, Eve Toulza, Bruno Petton, et al. "A core of functional complementary bacteria infects oysters in Pacific Oyster Mortality Syndrome." Animal Microbiome 5, no. 1 (May 3, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s42523-023-00246-8.

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Abstract Background The Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas is one of the main cultivated invertebrate species worldwide. Since 2008, oyster juveniles have been confronted with a lethal syndrome known as the Pacific Oyster Mortality Syndrome (POMS). POMS is a polymicrobial disease initiated by a primary infection with the herpesvirus OsHV-1 µVar that creates an oyster immunocompromised state and evolves towards a secondary fatal bacteremia. Results In the present article, we describe the implementation of an unprecedented combination of metabarcoding and metatranscriptomic approaches to show that the sequence of events in POMS pathogenesis is conserved across infectious environments. We also identified a core bacterial consortium which, together with OsHV-1 µVar, forms the POMS pathobiota. This bacterial consortium is characterized by high transcriptional activities and complementary metabolic functions to exploit host’s resources. A significant metabolic specificity was highlighted at the bacterial genus level, suggesting low competition for nutrients between members of the core bacteria. Conclusions Lack of metabolic competition between the core bacteria might favor complementary colonization of host tissues and contribute to the conservation of the POMS pathobiota across distinct infectious environments.
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Petton, Bruno, Delphine Destoumieux-Garzón, Fabrice Pernet, Eve Toulza, Julien de Lorgeril, Lionel Degremont, and Guillaume Mitta. "The Pacific Oyster Mortality Syndrome, a Polymicrobial and Multifactorial Disease: State of Knowledge and Future Directions." Frontiers in Immunology 12 (February 18, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.630343.

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The Pacific oyster (Crassostreae gigas) has been introduced from Asia to numerous countries around the world during the 20th century. C. gigas is the main oyster species farmed worldwide and represents more than 98% of oyster production. The severity of disease outbreaks that affect C. gigas, which primarily impact juvenile oysters, has increased dramatically since 2008. The most prevalent disease, Pacific oyster mortality syndrome (POMS), has become panzootic and represents a threat to the oyster industry. Recently, major steps towards understanding POMS have been achieved through integrative molecular approaches. These studies demonstrated that infection by Ostreid herpesvirus type 1 µVar (OsHV-1 µvar) is the first critical step in the infectious process and leads to an immunocompromised state by altering hemocyte physiology. This is followed by dysbiosis of the microbiota, which leads to a secondary colonization by opportunistic bacterial pathogens, which in turn results in oyster death. Host and environmental factors (e.g. oyster genetics and age, temperature, food availability, and microbiota) have been shown to influence POMS permissiveness. However, we still do not understand the mechanisms by which these different factors control disease expression. The present review discusses current knowledge of this polymicrobial and multifactorial disease process and explores the research avenues that must be investigated to fully elucidate the complexity of POMS. These discoveries will help in decision-making and will facilitate the development of tools and applied innovations for the sustainable and integrated management of oyster aquaculture.
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Destoumieux-Garzón, Delphine, Caroline Montagnani, Luc Dantan, Noémie de San Nicolas, Marie-Agnès Travers, Léo Duperret, Guillaume M. Charrière, et al. "Cross-talk and mutual shaping between the immune system and the microbiota during an oyster's life." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 379, no. 1901 (March 18, 2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2023.0065.

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The Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas lives in microbe-rich marine coastal systems subjected to rapid environmental changes. It harbours a diversified and fluctuating microbiota that cohabits with immune cells expressing a diversified immune gene repertoire. In the early stages of oyster development, just after fertilization, the microbiota plays a key role in educating the immune system. Exposure to a rich microbial environment at the larval stage leads to an increase in immune competence throughout the life of the oyster, conferring a better protection against pathogenic infections at later juvenile/adult stages. This beneficial effect, which is intergenerational, is associated with epigenetic remodelling. At juvenile stages, the educated immune system participates in the control of the homeostasis. In particular, the microbiota is fine-tuned by oyster antimicrobial peptides acting through specific and synergistic effects. However, this balance is fragile, as illustrated by the Pacific Oyster Mortality Syndrome, a disease causing mass mortalities in oysters worldwide. In this disease, the weakening of oyster immune defences by OsHV-1 µVar virus induces a dysbiosis leading to fatal sepsis. This review illustrates the continuous interaction between the highly diversified oyster immune system and its dynamic microbiota throughout its life, and the importance of this cross-talk for oyster health. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Sculpting the microbiome: how host factors determine and respond to microbial colonization’.
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Cao, A., MA Travers, T. Varela, and A. Villalba. "The utility of selective breeding to increase resistance against OsHV-1 µVar for Pacific oyster Crassostrea (Magallana) gigas farming in Galicia is called into question by infection with Vibrio aestuarianus." Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 2025. https://doi.org/10.3354/dao03838.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "OsHV-1 µVar"

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Vanhuysse, Charles. "Impacts de l'ostréiculture à mésoéchelle sur le microphytobenthos et ses performances photosynthétiques, la macrofaune benthique et rôle de l'érosion estuarienne dans les mortalités de naissains d'huitres Crassostrea gigas liées à OsHV-1 μ Var Drivers of epipelic mictophytobenthic photobiology and groth in oyster farm Benthic macrofaunal changes in oyster parks during an OsHV-1 µVar oyster spat mortality outbreak Environmental dynamics of the Ostreid herpes virus (OsHV-1 µVar) in oyster spats and microphytobenthic biofilms during an in situ mortality outbreak In situ resuspension of benthic sediments and biofilm components during an OsHV-1 µVar Crassostrea gigas oyster spat mortality episode." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMC262.

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Depuis 2008, la mortalité des naissains d'huîtres Pacifique Crassostrea gigas est principalement liée au virus de l’ostreid herpesvirus 1 µvariant (OsHV-1 µVar). Les paramètres environnementaux favorisant la persistance et la diffusion du virus pourraient jouer sur sa dynamique de propagation. Les objectifs de cette thèse étaient d’étudier in situ les interactions entre les naissains d’huîtres et leur environnement benthique lors d’un épisode de surmortalité. La photobiologie du microphytobenthos sous les tables semblait en meilleur état comparé à celle observée dans les allées pouvant favoriser la résilience virale. Les tables à huîtres atténuaient la lumière, la température et la dessication évitant ainsi une thermo et photoinhibition du microphytobenthos. Les indices de la qualité environnementale de l’habitat benthique basés sur la communauté macrozoobenthique ont traduit une dégradation du milieu suite aux apports de matière organique induits par les mortalités de naissains d’huîtres puis des échouages des macroalgues. Une quantité importante d’OsHV-1 était retrouvée à la surface du biofilm avant les mortalités. Sa remise en suspension était préférentiellement associée aux particules microphytobenthiques avec de faibles courants
Since 2008, the mortality of Pacific oyster spat Crassostrea gigas has mainly been linked to the Ostreid herpesvirus 1 μvariant (OsHV-1 μVar). Environmental parameters favoring the persistence and spread of the virus could affect its propagation dynamics. The objectives of this thesis were to study in situ the interactions between oyster spat and their benthic environment during an episode of mortality. The photobiology of the microphytobenthos beneath the tables seemed to be in a better state compared to that observed in aisles that could promote viral resilience. The oyster tables attenuated light, temperature and desiccation, thus avoiding thermo and photoinhibition of the microphytobenthos. The benthic habitat environmental quality indices based on the macrozoobenthic community showed a degradation of the environment following the influx of organic matter induced by oyster spat mortalities and strandings of the macroalgae. A significant amount of OsHV-1 was found on the surface of the biofilm before the mortalities. Resuspension was preferentially associated with microphytobenthic particles with small currents
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Duperret, Léo. "Caractérisation des mécanismes moléculaires de la permissivité au Syndrome de Mortalité de l'Huître du Pacifique (POMS) sous influence de la température et du régime alimentaire." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Perpignan, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024PERP0042.

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Les systèmes de production alimentaire ont dû répondre ces dernières décennies à une demande alimentaire croissante générée par l'augmentation exponentielle de la population humaine. Ceci a mené à une intensification des cultures, des élevages et de la pêche au détriment des stocks et de la santé de notre planète. Pour le milieu marin, l'intensification de la pêche a conduit à l'amenuisement de certains stocks et à la mise en place de quotas. Cette diminution des ressources halieutiques a conduit au développement de l'aquaculture, une pratique d'élevage de la ressource bleue. Cependant, avec la surproduction et les changements globaux nous assistons à une recrudescence des épizooties depuis 1970, surtout chez les orgnaismes ectothermes. La maladie du POMS (Pacific Oyster Mortality Syndrome) en est une parfaite illustration puisqu'elle est responsable, chaque année, d'importants épisodes de mortalités chez les juvéniles de l'espèce d'huître Magallana gigas dans l'ensemble des pays producteurs. Maladie polymicrobienne apparue en 2008 en France, sa pathogénicité dépend de multiples facteurs dont la température (entre 16 et 24°C sur les côtes françaises) et la disponibilité en ressources nutritives. Alors que de nombreuses recherches ont permis de caractériser la pathogénèse et d'identifier les différents facteurs influençant le développement de cette maladie, les mécanismes moléculaires responsables des variations de permissivité en fonction de ces facteurs demeurent encore largement inconnus. Cette thèse s'inscrit donc dans cet objectif. Par un design expérimental rigoureux, une approche holistique et une analyse comparative intégrative à différentes échelles dans des conditions permissives et non-permissives à la maladie, nous avons pu identifier les mécanismes moléculaires sous-jacents à la permissivité liée à la température et à la ressource alimentaire. Ces résultats permettent de mieux comprendre la complexité de cette interaction hôte-pathogène-environnement et permettront à terme d'implémenter des modèles prédictifs du risque épidémiologique
Over the past decades, food production systems have had to meet the growing demand for food driven by the exponential increase in the global human population. This demand has led to intensified agriculture, livestock farming, and fishing practices, often at the expense of natural resources and planetary health. In the marine environment, intensified fishing has resulted in the depletion of certain stocks and the implementation of fishing quotas. The decline in marine resources has prompted the development of aquaculture, a practice for farming blue resources. However, with overproduction and global environmental changes, we have witnessed an upsurge in epizootics since 1970, particularly among ectothermic organisms. The Pacific Oyster Mortality Syndrome (POMS) is a prime example, responsible for significant annual mortality episodes in juvenile oysters of the species Magallana gigas across major producing countries. Emerging in 2008 in France, this polymicrobial disease is influenced by several factors, including temperature (between 16°C and 24°C along the French coasts) and the availability of nutritional resources. Although extensive research has helped characterize its pathogenesis and identify the various factors influencing the development of the disease, the molecular mechanisms underlying variations in permissiveness according to these factors remain largely unknown. This thesis addresses this objective. Through a rigorous experimental design, a holistic approach, and an integrative comparative analysis at multiple scales under permissive and non-permissive conditions for the disease, we identified the molecular mechanisms underlying permissiveness related to temperature and nutritional resources. These findings enhance our understanding of the complexity of host-pathogen-environment interactions and will ultimately contribute to the development of predictive models for epidemiological risk
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