Journal articles on the topic 'Osborne’s index'

Abstract. The JULES-crop model (Osborne et al., 2015) is a parametrisation of crops within the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES), which aims to simulate both the impact of weather and climate on crop productivity and the impact of croplands on weather and climate. In this evaluation paper, observations of maize at three FLUXNET sites in Nebraska (US-Ne1, US-Ne2 and US-Ne3) are used to test model assumptions and make appropriate input parameter choices. JULES runs are performed for the irrigated sites (US-Ne1 and US-Ne2) both with the crop model switched off (prescribing leaf area index (LAI) and canopy height) and with the crop model switched on. These are compared against GPP and carbon pool FLUXNET observations. We use the results to point to future priorities for model development and describe how our methodology can be adapted to set up model runs for other sites and crop varieties.

The purpose of this work was to determine the protein composition of whole saliva in 50 year-old patients an d older with manifested and terminal stages of periodontal disease, in correlation with control group of young healthy persons. Experimental and control group consisted of 30 patients. The periodontal status was determinate by using appropriate periodontal index (Sillness-Loe). Investigations were led by electrophoretic method on aragose gel which was used as a routine method for investigation of human serum proteins. Investigating in very alkaline conditions (pH-H) as well as acid conditions (pH=5.9) resulted in separating alkaline and acid glycoprotein fractions in whole saliva. Results showed that there were more separated fractions within basic conditions than within acid conditions. The fraction identification was done by using relative molecule mass determination method by Weber and Osborne. Molecule mass fractions at basic conditions in comparison with the healthy sample (Sz) indicated the destruction of big molecular weight alkaline proteins as well as a significant presence of acid fractions, of little molecule masses up to 60 000 (St), consequences due to aging processes in human organism. It can be concluded that changes in protein composition of whole saliva could point out to the direction and development of periodontal disease as well as changes concerning aging of human organism.

PurposeBrazil is struggling as the unemployment rate is 12.4% and nearly 13m people are unemployed. The fourth Industrial Revolution is advancing, and the country needs to consider how it will impact the labor market. This work explores the impact of automation on the Brazilian workforce to supply decision-makers with information about the subject.Design/methodology/approachThe authors converted the probability of computerization from the seminal work of Frey and Osborne to each of the more than 2,500 occupations in Brazil. They then crossed the automation probability with socioeconomic information about workers and companies available in the Brazilian Ministry of Labor Database.FindingsIn total, 60% of employment in Brazil is expected to be highly impacted by automation in the coming decades, with eight out of the ten occupations with the biggest workforce being highly automatable. Automation probability decreases as workers' education level increases, with the most significant difference between workers with higher education and those without it. The results show other inequalities in the impact of automation: the higher the wage, the lower the automation probability of occupations; the bigger the company, the lower the automation index; and workers from 16 to 24 years old have considerably higher chances of being automated.Originality/valueThis work is the first to study, in the context of the fourth Industrial Revolution, the impact of automation in Brazil with a socioeconomic analysis.

Context: Germany is seen as one of the major players in developing what is known as “Industry 4.0.” Especially in the manufacturing and the automotive sector, the vocational training is seen as a precondition and consequence alike for the global success of these sectors. Current research though characterizes production work, especially machine-related tasks, as dull routine work and therefore of high probability of computerization.Approach: Based on qualitative research perspectives and sociological results that reveal the importance of experience and implicit capabilities, this study quantifies what is mostly seen as “non-routine” work. To measure these dimensions of living labouring capacity, an index is introduced that is developed from 18 items of one of the biggest German task-based, representative surveys.Findings: The contribution challenges the widespread prognosis that production workers face high susceptibility. Comparing data on non-routine share in production and of vocational trained workers with those of Frey and Osborne, the findings stress the mostly neglected importance of non-routine work, even in production and especially with vocational trained, machine-related occupations.Conclusion: The results draw on how much more employees on the shop floor are apt to handle change, complexity, and imponderabilities than often assumed. If their work will or will not be susceptible to novel approaches in robotics or algorithms, therefore, is not a question of routine.

Expected efficiencies of regular hierarchical, factorial, and diallel crossing designs were compared for selection of individual offspring within progeny plantings. Variations of the diallels and factorials included partial designs, use of disconnected subsets, and in factorials, unbalanced numbers between classes of parent. Calculations were done for a single trait, adapting the within- and between-family selection index of Osborne, with fixed numbers of parents (100) and total offspring (10 000). For each design type, variable numbers of crosses per parent and variable genetic parameters (heritability and level of specific combining ability) were considered. A combination of polycross and pair-cross designs was also evaluated, with alternative assumptions concerning nongenetic variance within pair-cross plantings and the number of trees that could be planted per pair cross with fixed resources. Estimated efficiencies of different designs are considered in relation to total crosses per parent, with an illustration of the contribution of different effects. Hierarchical crosses were generally inefficient, except near the limiting case of single-pair crosses; though with large specific combining ability effects, there was an efficiency optimum with several females (common parents) per male (rare parents). Polycrosses were always markedly suboptimal. Among other types of designs, efficiencies were almost identical, except with only a few crosses per parent. In that case, partial designs tended to be marginally less efficient than complete ones and diallels were marginally behind factorials. Disconnection had very little effect, provided sets could be cross-referenced. Moderate imbalance in factorials had little impact on the expected additive genetic gain. Single-pair crosses showed a slight but definite optimum, unless specific combining ability was appreciable. The combination of designs was favored by relatively large specific combining ability effects, high heritability, and cost reductions per tree in planting unreplicated pair-cross family blocks. It is potentially efficient.

Abstract Heat stress has negative impacts on pork production, particularly during the grow-finish phase. During heat stress events, swine alter feeding behavior to reduce heat production, which can negatively affect performance. Recent technology advancements in feed management systems allow for individualized data recording of feeding behavior for group housed pigs during the finishing phase. The objective of this study was to utilize an RFID-based feed management system to determine feeding behavior patterns of finishing pigs during heat stress conditions and identify changes in behavior due to heat stress events. Data included one pen of 29 Duroc boars reared in a mechanically ventilated facility in north central North Carolina. Feed Intake Recording Equipment (FIRE) pig feeders (n = 3; Osborne Technologies) fed individual pigs in the group housed setting using RFID technology and recorded the number of visits, feed intake of each visit, visit duration, and body weight of each pig during each visit. Feeders were calibrated once per week to ensure accuracy of feed intake and body weight measurements. On day 1 of the study, pigs were placed in the experimental pen and body weights were recorded (37.4 kg ± 4.9 kg) using the FIRE feeders. Air temperature, humidity, and dew point data were collected continuously every 5 minutes from day 13 until the end of the finishing period. Pigs exited finishing (134.5 ± 8.6 kg) on day 83. Feeding behavior traits (number of visits and feed intake) were summarized by day. Temperature, humidity, and heat index were summarized by a maximum, minimum, and mean value for each day. Average temperature, humidity, feeder visits a day, and average daily feed intake across the trial was 26.3 ± 1.6 º C, 75.8 ± 6.7%, 6.1 ± 1.0 visits, 2.66 ± 0.39 kg. Models were used to associate feeding behavior traits with the quadratic effects of day and the linear effects of average temperature and humidity and the interaction of temperature and humidity. Temperature and humidity were associated (P < 0.01) number of feeder visits and average daily intake per day. Further, there was an interaction (P < 0.01) between temperature and humidity in relation to number of feeder visits and average daily feed intake. Results suggest substantial variation in feeding behaviors can be explained by temperature and humidity.

BackgroundPatients with acute gout are frequently treated in the emergency department (ED). Appropriate outpatient follow-up for an acute flare after an ED visit is variable and has not been systematically examined.ObjectivesWe aimed to determine the characteristics of patients with gout treated in EDs, the nature of their ED visits, and to determine the types and rates of outpatient follow-up after an ED visit for an acute gout flare.MethodsThis study was conducted at one academic medical center that serves patients at 3 EDs (2 urban, 1 suburban) and 1 urban urgent care center. Patients were identified as having a possible acute gout flare upon initial triage in the ED using a previously developed electronic medical record (EMR) gout flare alert. We validated the presence/ absence of an acute gout flare through manual EMR review using adjudicated expert consensus assessed with kappa coefficient as the gold standard. Among those patients identified with an acute gout flare, we abstracted their medical records to determine the presence/ absence of an outpatient visit for gout care within 6 months of the index ED visit. This was defined as having had a documented outpatient visit with any provider (e.g., primary care, rheumatology) with a mention of ‘gout’ in the free text portion of history of present illness or assessment and plan. We used descriptive statistics to characterize patients with gout and reported the proportion of patients with an acute gout flare that followed up in the outpatient setting after an ED visit.ResultsFrom September 1, 2021 to February 28, 2022, there were 458 patients identified by the gout flare alert as possibly having an acute gout flare. Of these, 33 patients were excluded from this analysis due to participation in an ongoing randomized clinical trial testing a behavioral intervention to improve gout care. The remaining 425 patients included 72 patients (16.9%) who were determined to have a true gout flare at 85 unique ED visits by manual EMR review by 2 assessors. The kappa coefficient for agreement between the consensus expert determinations of acute gout flare was 0.8. Of those with an acute gout flare, 53 (74%) were men and 49 (68%) were Black or African American. At ED discharge, a majority of patients (64%) were prescribed corticosteroids, while 63% were prescribed opioids. A majority (54%) of ED visits for acute gout occurred between 8am and 5pm, with another 27% occurring between 5pm and midnight. The proportion of patients with an acute gout flare who followed up with an outpatient clinician in our healthcare system was 46% (Table 1), with 29% of patients having an outpatient visit within 30 days of the index ED encounter. Only 26 patients (36%) had an outpatient visit addressing gout, and of these, 17 (24%) occurred within 3 months of the index ED visit.ConclusionMore than half of patients received opioids at discharge among patients with gout treated in the ED, who were mostly Black. Follow-up was ~46% among patients that received gout care in an acute setting, yet only a third saw a clinician who addressed gout. This data will inform sample size calculation for interventional studies testing behavioral interventions focused on promoting improved outpatient follow-up for gout flares.Table 1.Healthcare utilization among participants following an emergency department visit for acute gout.Healthcare OutcomeTotal, N=72Hospitalized, N (%)13 (18)Received care at Emergency Department or Urgent Care, N (%)34 (47)Any Outpatient Follow-up Service (N=33), N(%)*Internal Medicine Subspecialties†24 (33)Rheumatology4 (6)Surgical Subspecialty20 (28)General Internal Medicine15 (21)Family Medicine4 (6)Neurology3 (4)Palliative Care and Geriatrics3 (4)Dermatology3 (4)* Categories are not mutually exclusive.† Internal medicine subspecialties included cardiology, endocrinology, nephrology, oncology, pulmonology, and rheumatology.REFERENCES:NIL.Acknowledgements:NIL.Disclosure of InterestsLesley Jackson: None declared, Faith Mugeta: None declared, Ellen McNeeley: None declared, Norma C. Techarukpong: None declared, Kiara Aaron: None declared, James Booth: None declared, Jeff Foster: None declared, Gary Cutter Consultant of: Alexion, Antisense Therapeutics, Biogen, Clinical Trial Solutions LLC, Entelexo Biotherapeutics, Inc., Genzyme, Genentech, GW Pharmaceuticals, Immunic, Immunosis Pty Ltd, Klein-Buendel Incorporated, Merck/Serono, Novartis, Perception Neurosciences, Protalix Biotherapeutics, Regeneron, Roche, SAB Biotherapeutics. Data and Safety Monitoring Boards: Applied Therapeutics, AI therapeutics, AMO Pharma, Astra-Zeneca, Avexis Pharmaceuticals, Biolinerx, Brainstorm Cell Therapeutics, Bristol Meyers Squibb/Celgene, CSL Behring, Galmed Pharmaceuticals, Green Valley Pharma, Horizon Pharmaceuticals, Immunic, Karuna Therapeutics, Mapi Pharmaceuticals LTD, Merck, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Holdings, Opko Biologics,Prothena Biosciences, Novartis, Regeneron, Sanofi-Aventis, Reata Pharmaceuticals, Teva Pharmaceuticals, NHLBI (Protocol Review Committee), University of Texas Southwestern, University of Pennsylvania, Visioneering Technologies, Inc., Employee of: Dr. Cutter is employed by the University of Alabama at Birmingham and President of Pythagoras, Inc. a private consulting company located in Birmingham AL., John Osborne: None declared, Kenneth Saag Grant/research support from: Amgen, Horizon, LG Chem, Radius, SOBI, Maria Danila Consultant of: UCB, Grant/research support from: Pfizer.

Abstract Introduction: Cytotoxic chemotherapy for sporadic Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) remains the standard of care and the recent approval for adjuvant PD1 therapy is not biomarker guided. Pathological complete response (pCR) is often not achieved and portends poor survival. Predictive markers for individual drugs have proven elusive. Approach: Microscaled proteogenomics (MPG) was applied to snap-frozen TNBC clinical trial core needle biopsies obtained before treatment with carboplatin and docetaxel (WashU: NCT201404107 and BCM: NCT02544987). Clinical endpoints for discovery analysis were pathological complete response (pCR) and residual cancer burden (RCB). Standard non-parametric statistical tests were employed to identify proteogenomic features associated with these endpoints. Results: Copy number aberrations (CNA) are a recurrent feature of TNBC and a potential driver of chemotherapy sensitivity. We therefore sought CNA with concordant changes at the mRNA and protein levels that also associate with pCR status. Genes located within a recurrent interstitial deletion at chromosomal location 19q13.3 were the most significantly down-regulated at mRNA and protein level in chemotherapy resistant cases. 19q13.3 encodes multiple DNA damage response (DDR) genes; however, only LIG1, a DNA ligase required for lagging strand synthesis and DNA repair, showed concordant changes at both the mRNA and protein level. In multiple independent TNBC data sets, LIG1 deletion was associated lack of pCR and poor metastasis-free survival. Additionally in the BrighTNess TNBC trial lower LIG1 mRNA levels were associated with increased chemotherapy resistance in the carboplatin containing arms (no pCR and residual cancer burden I-III; p=0.0008 and 0.003 respectively). In PDX-derived short-term cultures and PDXs treated with docetaxel or carboplatin, a specific association of carboplatin resistance with LIG1 deletion was observed. LIG1 depleted-tumors did not harbor elevated scores for homologous recombination defect signature, suggesting LIG1 loss is an orthogonal pathway for TNBC pathogenesis The high chromosomal instability index in LIG1 deletion tumors in our TNBC study was robustly reproduced in multiple datasets (including TCGA-BRCA ; Metastatic breast cancer project). LIG1 copy number deletion was also associated with poor progression free survival, and high chromosomal instability in multiple other cancers (including TCGA-​UCEC HR=2.23, TCGA-HNSC HR=1.46, TCGA-PRAD HR=2.07, TCGA- COAD HR=1.75 and TCGA-KIRP HR=4.00). Conclusion: Deletion of LIG1 is associated with chromosomal instability in TNBC and occurs in tumors without genomic evidence for defects in homologous recombination. Other clinical features of LIG1 deleted TNBC and how LIG1 loss may cause chromosomal instability and tumorigenesis will be discussed. Citation Format: Meenakshi Anurag, Eric Jaehnig, Jonathan Lei, Beom-Jun Kim, Anh Minh Tran Huynh, Yongchao Dou, Tanmayi Vashist, Erik Bergstrom, Xuxu Gou, Viktoriya Korchina, Donna Marie Muzny, Kristen Otte, Harshavardhan Doddapaneni, Lacey Dobrolecki, Gloria Vittone Echeverria, Bora Lim, Mothaffar Rimawi, Karsten Krug, Ian Hageman, Henry Rodriguez, Ana I. Robles, Tara Hiltke, Kent Osborne, Michael Gillette, George Miles, Steven Carr, Michael T Lewis, Bing Zhang, Foluso Ademuyiwa, Shankha Satpathy, Matthew J. Ellis. LIG1 deletion predicts chemotherapy resistance, chromosomal instability, and poor prognosis in triple negative breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 1010.

With the shift of the instruction from the traditional Face-to-face instruction to online, there is a need to develop a valid and reliable instrument that is responsive to the current demands of instruction. Hence, the objective of the study was to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Faculty Evaluation for Online Teaching (FEOT) among University Students. A descriptive methodological study was used and a convenience sample of 2985 students were employed. The 20-item FEOT confirmed the four-factor loadings following the domains in the Denison Framework for Teaching. The factor loadings of the items were between 0.619 to 0.791 while the CFA model revealed a x2/df = 2.35, root mean square error of approximation= 0.071, comparative fit index= 0.962, goodness of fit index=0.957, Tucker-Lewis index= 0.956, incremental fit index= 0.962, and standard root mean square residual= 0.023. The overall Cronbach's alpha of the instrument was 0.923 while the sub-domains have Cronbach’s alpha of 0.906 for Planning and Preparation, 0.942 for Classroom Environment, 0.929 for Instruction and 0.921 for Professional Responsibilities indicating high reliability and the item-total correlations ranges from 0.764 to 0.868. At the item level, 60.60% of the ratings had a CVI of greater than 0.78. The FEOT was shown to be valid and reliable in assessing the competencies of faculty members in an online environment.References Akram, M. & Zepeda, S. (2015). Development and Validation of a Teacher Self- assessment Instrument. Journal of Research and Reflections in Education, 9(2), 134-148.Berk, R. A. (2013). Face-to-face versus online course evaluations: A “consumer's guide” to seven strategies. Journal of Online Teaching and Learning, 9(1), 140-148.Burns, N. & Grove, S.K. (2009). The practice of nursing research appraisal, synthesis, and generation of evidence (6th ed.). 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Trong khoảng 10 - 15 năm gần đây, ở Việt Nam đã nổi lên luận điểm rằng: cải cách thể chế kinh tế ngày càng đóng vai trò quan trọng hơn trong tiến trình đổi mới. Khi các nguồn lực như tài nguyên thiên nhiên, lao động giá rẻ và vốn...đã đến giới hạn thì cải cách thể chế trở thành đòi hỏi tất yếu đối với nền kinh tế. Tuy nhiên, đây cũng là thử thách khó khăn của quá trình phát triển. Trên thế giới, nhiều quốc gia chỉ đạt được một phần mục tiêu của cải cách, thậm chí ở một số quốc gia nỗ lực cải cách thể chế lại đẩy nền kinh tế vào những bất ổn không ngừng. Tiến trình cải cách thể chế kinh tế sẽ khó thể thành công nếu không đi kèm với nỗ lực thiết lập một nền tảng quản trị quốc gia vững mạnh. Từ khóa Quản trị, thể chế, kinh tế thị trường, cải cách References [1] Acemoglu, Daron and James Robinson (2012). Why Nations Fail: The Origins of Power, Prosperity, and Poverty. Random House[2] Acemoglu, Daron, Simon Johnson and James A. Robinson (2001), “The Colonial Origins of Comparative Development: An Empirical Investigation” The American Economic Review Vol. 91, No. 5 (Dec., 2001)[3] Acemoglu, Daron, Simon Johnson and James Robinson (2005). “Institutions as Fundamental Cause of Long run Growth”, Handbook ofEconomic Growth, Volume IA. Edited by Philippe Aghion and Steven N. Durlauf. 2005 Elsevier B.V[4] Asian Development Bank (1995). Governance: Sound Development Management, October 1995;[5] Diễn đàn kinh tế tư nhân Việt Nam 2016: Cơ hội, thách thức và giải pháp. Hà nội,[6] Heritage Foundation (2017). 2017 Index of Economic Freedom,[7] [http://www.heritage.org/index/ranking][8] International Development Association (1998). Additions to IDA Resources: Twelfth Replenishment (IDA12). 23 December 1998; [9] Kasper, Wolfgang and Manfred E Streit (1999). Institutional Economics: Social Order and Public Policy, Edward Elgar. Tr. 41[10] Kaufmann, Daniel; Aart Kraay, Massimo Mastruzzi (2010), The Worldwide Governance Indicators Methodology and Analytical Issues, the World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 5430, September 2010[11] Nguyễn Quang Thuấn (2017). “Cải thiện nền quản trị quốc gia, tạo môi trường thuận lợi thúc đẩy tăng trưởng kinh tế trong giai đoạn tới”, tham luận tại Diễn đàn Kinh tế Việt Nam 2017: Phát huy nội lực, tăng trưởng bền vững, Ban kinh tế trung ương ngày 27/06/2017[12] North, D.C. (1990), Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance, Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press.[13] Osborne, S. P. (2006), “The New Public Governance?” Public Management Review, vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 377-388.[14] UNDP (1997). “Governance for Sustainable Human Development” New York; WB (1994). Governance: The World Bank’s Experience. Washington DC; [15] VCCI & USAID (2015). Báo cáo năng lực cạnh tranh cấp tỉnh năm 2015. Hà Nội: Phòng Thương mại và Công nghiệp Việt Nam và Cơ quan Phát triển Quốc tế Hoa Kỳ [16] Wolfensohn, James D. (1999), Address to the Board of Governors (September 28, 1999), the World Bank[17] WB (1992). World Development Report: Governance and Development, Washington DC. [18] WB (1989). Sub-Saharan Africa: From Crisis to Sustainable Growth, Washington DC[19] WB (2016). Ease of Doing Business 2016. Washington DC [20] http://www.doingbusiness.org/data/exploreeconomies/vietnam[21] WB (1997). World Development Report 1997. Washington DC. [22] WB (2017). Worldwide Governance Indicator, [23] http://info.worldbank.org/governance/wgi/index.aspx#reports[24] World Economic Forum (2016). Global Competitiveness Report 2016-2017, Geneva.

Welcome to Volume 51.2 of The Australian Journal of Indigenous Education. This is our second volume since our shift to being an open access journal. We are very pleased that AJIE has recently been accepted into the Directory of Open Access Journals and was awarded the DOAJ Seal for best practice in open access. DOAJ is an extensive index of diverse open access journals internationally and their aim is to increase the visibility, accessibility, reputation, usage and impact of quality, peer-reviewed, open access scholarly research journals globally. We are also excited that since the journal became open access in August 2022 there has been over 20,000 views of whole articles and over 24,000 views of abstracts on our new open access website. This is a larger volume of AJIE than usual, and we thank the authors and reviewers for their contributions. You play a vital role in ensuring the quality of the journal. We would also like to thank Michelle James for her detailed and astute copyediting for the journal. Special thanks to Senior Publications Officer Sonia Nitchell for her continuing work on importing the large AJIE archive onto the new platform. The first suite of articles in this volume focuses on the early childhood context with articles by Locke and Webb providing us with insights into the inclusion of Indigenous knowledges and perspectives in early education and care settings in the first paper and how Aboriginal educators integrated their cultural knowledge and experiences to develop Aboriginal children’s skills in the second. In a South Saami context, Kroik explores preschool teachers’ identity as linguistic role models by means of analysing their own descriptions of language learning. In Canada, Schroeder et al. demonstrate the importance of making curricula relevant to Indigenous children by including content that is culturally relevant and developmentally appropriate. The interrelationships between language, identity and culture from Māori kaumātua (elders both male and female) and whānau (parents and extended family members) from Aotearoa (New Zealand) is explored by Berryman et al. The second suite of papers take us into the context of schools. Johnson and Flückiger explore the important role for Aboriginal Education Workers in remote Australian communities, while Goodall et al. draw on student and teacher memories of the early days of Indigenous-controlled adult education provider Tranby Aboriginal Co-operative Ltd. The paper by Guenther et al. analyses My School data for Very Remote Aboriginal schools, showing how the Remote School Attendance Strategy school attendance results compare with similar non-Remote School Attendance Strategy schools. Their findings raise ethical and accountability concerns about the Remote School Attendance Strategy, which they argue lacks evidence of attendance improvement, and which potentially causes harm. Whitau et al. also examine school attendance but in relation to Western Australian Aboriginal young women and the links between racism, teacher–student relationships, and peer connectedness, and how these were related to participant attendance and engagement at school. Moore et al. discuss the Whole of Community Engagement (WCE) initiative, which sought to identify barriers and enablers in Aboriginal students’ pathways to post-compulsory education in six remote communities in Arnhem Land and central Australia. They describe the features that led them to characterise the initiative and the remote community and school context as intercultural and complex. Also in relation to the Whole of Community Engagement initiative, Moore et al. propose an intercultural perspective as a refinement to the both-ways approach to remote education. Osborne et al. focus on aspirations of students, their families and communities at Nyangatjatjara College an independent Aboriginal school distributed across three campuses in the southern region of the Northern Territory. Macdonald and Gringart present a new measurement instrument, the Multi-Dimensional Student Perceptions of School Questionnaire (MSPSQ), validated with a moderate-sized sample of Indigenous and non-Indigenous secondary students in Western Australia. The next suite of papers has an international focus with papers from Canada, Aotearoa (New Zealand), Brazil, and Tonga. Stavrou and Murphy explore tensions surrounding Indigenising school mathematics in a Western Canadian prairie province conducted with three Cree elementary school teachers while Denston et al. examine teachers’ perceptions and experiences of a collaborative case study to adapt a literacy approach originally designed for an Aotearoa (New Zealand) English-medium context. Ioris et al. explore the main trends and pending gaps related to indigenous education in Brazil while Fonua et al. shares the stories of 26 successful Tongan science learners who participated in talanoa (open discussion without an agenda) about their engagement, enjoyment, and success in secondary and university science education in Aotearoa (New Zealand). The final papers in this volume shift to the university context with Hogarth exploring a small pilot study conducted at a Queensland university examining how academics perceive the inclusion of Indigenous Knowledges within institutional and professional contexts and initial teacher education programs. Forsyth et al. speak to the importance of employing Indigenous methodologies when conducting Indigenous research to improve dental and medical health outcomes for Indigenous peoples. Hook and Jessen reflect on the contentious nature of non-Indigenous academics teaching Indigenous Studies and draw on student survey data to illustrate the conflict between their pedagogic practices, student expectations and the structural impediments to their teaching aims. Smith et al. also provide a personal reflection on the higher education context by discussing the need to have institutional conversations about coloniality, institutional racism and white fragility within tertiary institutions. The final paper in this volume by Gibbs et al. explores the relationships between racism, cultural resilience, and educational engagement and academic outcomes for Aboriginal tertiary students. They highlight that cultural resilience and support is critical to Aboriginal student success within universities. Racism continues to be particularly important to address because, as the 2022 Australian Reconciliation Barometer recently highlighted, experiences of racial prejudice have increased for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people over the last two years and certainly there is much work needed to improve relationships between Indigenous and non-Indigenous people. We hope you enjoy reading the articles in this volume and hope the articles lead to further dialogue and discussion about Indigenous educational success both in Australia and internationally. Bronwyn Fredericks, Martin Nakata, and Katelyn Barney