Academic literature on the topic 'OSA treatment'
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Journal articles on the topic "OSA treatment"
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Rodenstein, Daniel, Philippe Collard, and Geneviève Aubert. "OSA Treatment." Chest 107, no. 2 (February 1995): 584–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.107.2.584.
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Alsaeed, Suliman, Farraj Albalawi, Abdulrahman A. Alghulikah, Ghadah Aldakheel, and Bassam Alalola. "Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Using Oral Appliances in Saudi Arabia: Are We following the Guidelines?" Healthcare 10, no. 11 (November 6, 2022): 2220. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10112220.
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Background: This study aimed to assess sleep medicine physicians’ knowledge and attitudes toward the role of oral appliances (OAs) in managing obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in Saudi Arabia. Methods: An online questionnaire was administered to the registered physicians practicing sleep medicine (otolaryngology, internal medicine, pulmonology, and family medicine) in Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire included 26 questions under five domains. All the collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests. Results: One hundred sleep physicians (43% Saudi, 75% male) from Saudi Arabia participated in this study. Almost 43% of participants reported inadequate knowledge of the treatment of OSA patients using OAs. Half of the participants were unaware of how OAs work in managing OSA. Most physicians (62%) never referred the patient for treatment of OSA using OAs, whereas 4% referred at least one patient every month. The majority (60%) believed that there are barriers to referring a case for OA treatment, mainly the lack of knowledge of the suitable cases (60%) and the lack of qualified dentists in this area (43%). Conclusion: Most sleep physicians reported poor knowledge of OA indications and mechanism of use, with most never referring a case for OA therapy.
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Talmant, Jacques, Jean-Claude Talmant, Joël Deniaud, and Philippe Amat. "Etiological treatment of OSA." Journal of Dentofacial Anomalies and Orthodontics 12, no. 3 (September 2009): 72–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/odfen/2009032.
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Loube, Maj Daniel I. "Treatment Algorithm for OSA." Chest 111, no. 2 (February 1997): 528. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.111.2.528.
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Hudgel, David W. "Treatment Algorithm for OSA." Chest 111, no. 2 (February 1997): 528–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.111.2.528-a.
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Fleury Curado, Thomaz, Arie Oliven, Luiz U. Sennes, Vsevolod Y. Polotsky, David Eisele, and Alan R. Schwartz. "Neurostimulation Treatment of OSA." Chest 154, no. 6 (December 2018): 1435–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2018.08.1070.
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Charčiūnaitė, Karolina, Rasa Gauronskaitė, Goda Šlekytė, Edvardas Danila, and Rolandas Zablockis. "Evaluation of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Phenotypes Treatment Effectiveness." Medicina 57, no. 4 (April 1, 2021): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina57040335.
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Background and Objective: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a heterogeneous chronic sleep associated disorder. A common apnea-hypopnea index (AHI)-focused approach to OSA severity evaluation is not sufficient enough to capture the extent of OSA related risks, it limits our understanding of disease pathogenesis and may contribute to a modest response to conventional treatment. In order to resolve the heterogeneity issue, OSA patients can be divided into more homogenous therapeutically and prognostically significant groups–phenotypes. An improved understanding of OSA phenotype relationship to treatment effectiveness is required. Thus, in this study several clinical OSA phenotypes are identified and compared by their treatment effectiveness. Methods and materials: Retrospective data analysis of 233 adult patients with OSA treated with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) was performed. Statistical analysis of data relating to demographic and anthropometric characteristics, symptoms, arterial blood gas test results, polysomnografic and respiratory polygraphic tests and treatment, treatment results was performed. Results: 3 phenotypes have been identified: “Position dependent (supine) OSA” (Positional OSA), “Severe OSA in obese patients” (Severe OSA) and “OSA and periodic limb movements (PLM)” (OSA and PLM). The highest count of responders to treatment with CPAP was in the OSA and PLM phenotype, followed by the Positional OSA phenotype. Treatment with CPAP, despite the highest mean pressure administered was the least effective among Severe OSA phenotype. Conclusions: Different OSA phenotypes vary significantly and lead to differences in response to treatment. Thus, treatment effectiveness depends on OSA phenotypes and treatment techniques other than CPAP may be needed. This emphasizes the importance of a more individualized approach when treating OSA.
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Colvonen, P. J., G. Rivera, M. Haller, and S. Norman. "0582 Examining OSA Screening and Treatment for Individuals on a PTSD and Alcohol Disorder Residential Treatment Unit." Sleep 43, Supplement_1 (April 2020): A223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.579.
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Abstract Introduction Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is highly co-occurring with both alcohol use disorder (AUD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and has been shown to interfere with both PTSD and AUD outcomes. However, OSA often goes undiagnosed and untreated in residential treatment facilities. Our study aimed to assess the feasibility of incorporating OSA screening and treatment onto a substance abuse residential rehabilitation treatment program (SARRTP). Further, we examine the relationship between adherence rates of CPAP on PTSD outcomes. Methods Participants were 35 consecutive veterans admitted to the SARRTP PTSD track who consented to screening. Veterans were on the unit for 4-6 weeks. OSA was diagnosed using Nox T3 recorders, a Type-3 portable OSA screener (using Apnea Hypopnea Index >= 5). Insomnia Severity Index and PTSD checklist were given at pre- and post-treatment. Results 64.7% of Veterans screened positive for OSA. 11.8% were previously diagnosed with OSA, but did not use a CPAP machine; 17.6% were previously diagnosed and were using a CPAP machine; and 35.3% were newly diagnosed with OSA. Individuals with untreated OSA had significantly more days drinking in the last 30 days (M = 21.17 days, SD = 11.41) compared to no OSA/Treated OSA group (M = 8.82 days, SD = 10.92). There was no difference in change in PCL scores from baseline to post-treatment by the no-OSA/high compliance group and the low compliance group. Conclusion Taken together, OSA screening on the unit was accepted by the participants, feasible, and effective in diagnosing OSA. OSA screening and treatment should be considered as necessary on SUD and PTSD units. We did not find that OSA adherence predicted change in PTSD score, this is most likely due to veterans receiving their CPAP late into their stay on the unit. Future studies will need to examine OSA treatment on long term treatment outcomes. Support: Support This work is supported by UCSD Academic Senate Grant and a Veterans Affairs RR&D CDA (1lK2Rx002120-01) to Peter Colvonen.
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Srivastava, Palak. "Treatment with Oral Appliances in Obstructive Sleep Apnea." Journal of Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology 1, no. 2 (December 10, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.54289/jdoe2100108.
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Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a disorder caused by a number of factors like an obstruction of the upper airway during sleep because of insufficient motor tone of the tongue and/or airway dilator muscles or inadequate growth of the maxillary jaw bone etc. Oral appliances (OAs) are commonly used as a non-invasive treatment for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. The primary oral appliance (OA) used in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) treatment is the mandibular advancement device (MAD). Tongue-retaining devices or tongue-stabilizing devices (TSDs) are a second type of OA, which displace the tongue anteriorly and may be customized or come in different stock sizes. This review article aims to examine the best in class on this particular subject of treatment of OSA with oral appliances, explaining acceptability of an appliance in patients on the basis of its construction and results, while providing enough cognizance regarding the diagnosis, management and causes of discontinuation.
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Gauthier, Luc, Fernanda Almeida, Patrick Arcache, Catherine Ashton-McGregor, David Côté, Helen Driver, Kathleen Ferguson, et al. "Position Paper by Canadian Dental Sleep Medicine Professionals Regarding the Role of Different Health Care Professionals in Managing Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Snoring with Oral Appliances." Canadian Respiratory Journal 19, no. 5 (2012): 307–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/631803.
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The present Canadian position paper contains recommendations for the management by dentists of sleep-disordered breathing in adults with the use of oral appliances (OAs) as a treatment option for snoring and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The recommendations are based on literature reviews and expert panel consensus. OAs offer an effective, first-line treatment option for patients with mild to moderate OSA who prefer an OA to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy, or for severe OSA patients who cannot tolerate CPAP, are inappropriate candidates for CPAP or who have failed CPAP treatment attempts. The purpose of the present position paper is to guide interdisciplinary teamwork (sleep physicians and sleep dentists) and to clarify the role of each professional in the management of OA therapy. The diagnosis of OSA should always be made by a physician, and OAs should be fitted by a qualified dentist who is trained and experienced in dental sleep medicine. Follow-up assessment by the referring physician and polysomnography or sleep studies are required to verify treatment efficacy. The present article emphasizes the need for a team approach to OA therapy and provides treatment guidelines for dentists trained in dental sleep medicine. Many of the dentists and sleep physicians who contributed to the preparation of the present article are members of the Canadian Sleep Society and the authors reached a consensus based on the current literature.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "OSA treatment"
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Shifflett, D. Edward Jr. "Physiological Responses in OSA Patients to Ramping Exercise After CPAP Treatment." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/9865.
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Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the primary therapy administered for those afflicted with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). We examined the effects of CPAP therapy on physiological variables during a ramped exercise. The five male, OSA patients had mean values and standard deviations for RDI=60.7 +/- 19.1, BMI=29.9 +/- 2.9, and age=56 +/- 16.1 yr. Subjects were examined before and after 4 wk of CPAP therapy. After 4 wk of CPAP therapy, patient responses to exercise showed a 17.6%, (p<0.05) improvement in rating of perceived exertion (RPE) at identical power outputs (60% of the individual's apparent functional capacity). Statistical significance was not attained (p>0.05) upon analysis of the following parameters at 60% of the individuals maximum workload although there was a trend showing a decrease in these variables: heart rate (6% improvement), VO2 (11.7% improvement) systolic blood pressure (4% improvement), and rate pressure product (8.6% improvement). This data shows that the decrease in RPE during 60% of the individual's maximum predicted HR reserve corresponded with an increase in sleep quality (mean increase of 40%, 3.2 units) as measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index before and after 4 wk of CPAP therapy. It was concluded that the improvement in exercise tolerance could be attributed to the subjective feelings of improved sleep quality after 4 wk of CPAP therapy. Key Words: Obstructive sleep apnea---CPAP--- exercise---physiological responses.Master of Science
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PERGER, ELISA. "SLEEP APNEA AND HYPOXIA: NEW THERAPEUTIC PROSPECTIVES." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2023. https://hdl.handle.net/10281/404617.
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Un terzo della popolazione europea è affetta da apnee ostruttive del sonno (OSA), patologia che ha conseguenze negative su morbilità cardiovascolare e qualità della vita. L’OSA è caratterizzata da ripetuti episodi di collasso delle alte vie respiratorie che determinano ipossia intermittente, modifiche della pressione intratoracica e risvegli corticali. L’ipossia intermittente ha un ruolo chiave nel determinare le conseguenze cardiovascolari dei disturbi del respiro nel sonno e può sovrapporsi, peggiorandone la prognosi, a condizioni caratterizzate da ipossia tonica quali l’alta quota o le patologie respiratorie croniche o infettive, esacerbando lo stress ossidativo, l’angiogenesi e quindi l’attivazione del sistema nervoso simpatico con conseguenti incrementi della pressione arteriosa, della frequenza cardiaca e dell’infiammazione.
Il trattamento gold standard per l’OSA è la terapia ventilatoria che risulta però non tollerata dalla metà dei pazienti che ne fanno uso. Nuove strategie terapeutiche sono pertanto auspicabili.
Recentemente sono stati identificati specifici fattori fisiopatologici che contribuiscono allo sviluppo dell’OSA: un’elevata collassabilità delle vie aeree superiori, l’instabilità del sistema di controllo del respiro, una ridotta soglia di arousal ed una ridotta risposta compensatoria dei muscoli dilatatori della faringe. Quest’ultima è dovuta alla perdita di attività noradrenergica e aumento delle influenze muscariniche alle alte vie aeree. Il riconoscimento di questi tratti fisiopatologici ha permesso di ipotizzare e sviluppare nuove strategie terapeutiche per l’OSA.
Obiettivo: Valutare l’efficacia della somministrazione per 1 settimana della combinazione di reboxetina (noradrenergico) ed ossibutinina (antimuscarinico) sul trattamento dell’OSA e dell’effetto dei farmaci sugli endotipi fisiopatologici.
Metodi: E’ stato condotto uno studio randomizzato controllato cross-over in doppio cieco per comparare 4mg di reboxetina più 5mg di ossibutinina (reb-oxy) in pazienti con OSA. I pazienti sono stati sottoposti ad una polisonnografia basale (PSG), una dopo 7 notti di assunzione di reb-oxy ed una dopo 7 notti di assunzione di placebo per confrontare l’indice di apnea-ipopnea (AHI–outcome primario). Outcome secondari comprendevano il carico ipossico, modifiche degli endotipi, la variabilità della frequenza cardiaca, test di vigilanza.
Risultati: Hanno completato lo studio 16 pazienti con età 57 [51-61] anni (mediana [range interquartilico]) ed indice di massa corporea 30 [26-36] kg/m2. Reb-oxy ha determinato una riduzione di AHI da 49 [35-57] eventi/h al basale a 18 [13-21] eventi/h (59% di riduzione mediana) e 39 [29-48] eventi/h (6% riduzione mediana) confrontato con il placebo (p<0·001). La frequenza cardiaca mediana durante la PSG è stata 65 [60-69] bpm al basale ed è aumentata fino a 69 [64-77] bpm dopo reb-oxy e 66 [59-70] bpm dopo placebo (p=0.02). La somministrazione di reb-oxy non ha comportato modifiche di variabilità della frequenza cardiaca, pressione arteriosa nelle 24 ore. Il test di vigilanza si è ridotto da 250 [239-312] ms al basale a 223 [172-244] ms dopo reb-oxy versus 264 [217-284] ms dopo placebo (p<0·001).
Conclusioni: Il miglioramento delle conoscenze della fisiopatologia dell’OSA ha permesso di identificare la responsività muscolare delle alte vie come target principale di strategia terapeutica per l’OSA, predisponendo il percorso verso la medicina di precisione anche nel contesto dei disturbi del respiro nel sonno. Il nostro studio ha evidenziato il dato pionieristico dell’effetto positivo della somministrazione di reboxetina più ossibutinina sulla gravità dell’OSA e sull’ipossia associata agli eventi ostruttivi nel sonno. I risultati del nostro studio sottolineano la possibilità di una terapia personalizzata con farmaci per trattare l’OSA ed il carico ipossico ad essa relato.Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) affects one third of the population in Europe and has major negative consequences for cardiovascular disease and quality of life. OSA is characterized by recurrent episodes of apneas and hypopneas associated with repetitive episodes of intermittent hypoxemia, intrathoracic pressure changes, and arousals. Intermittent hypoxemia, particularly with concomitant hypercapnia, activates the sympathetic nervous system and it is the major contributor to negative cardiovascular consequences. Intermittent hypoxia might also worsen concomitant tonic hypoxia due to high altitude or due to acute or chronic respiratory diseases by promoting oxidative stress and angiogenesis, thus increasing sympathetic activation with blood pressure elevation, inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. Although OSA and its hypoxic consequence are effectively alleviated with positive airways pressure, this treatment is yet unsatisfactory, being poorly tolerated by up to half of patients. Thus, new treatment strategies are strongly needed. With the aim of better understand OSA physiopathology, key contributors of its development have been identified and include upper airway collapsibility, ventilatory instability, low arousal threshold and reduced pharyngeal dilator muscle responsiveness during sleep, due to loss of noradrenergic drive and enhanced muscarinic influences to upper airway muscles. The recognition of these pathophysiological traits permitted to advance the research in the field of OSA new therapeutic perspectives. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 1-week of reboxetine (a noradrenergic) plus oxybutynin (an antimuscarinic) on OSA severity (primary outcome) and their effect on endotypic traits and cardiovascular autonomic modulation. Methods: We performed a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover trial comparing 4 mg reboxetine plus 5 mg oxybutynin (reb–oxy) to placebo in OSA subjects. After a baseline in-lab polysomnogram (PSG), patients performed PSGs after 7 nights of reb-oxy and 7 nights of placebo to compare apnea-hypopnea index (AHI, primary outcome). Secondary outcomes included hypoxic burden, heart rate variability, blood pressure and heart rate changes and psychomotor vigilance test. Home oximetry evaluated overnight oxygen desaturation throughout treatment. Results: 16 subjects aged 57[51-61] years (median [interquartile range]) with body mass index 30[26-36] kg/m2 completed the study. Reb-oxy lowered AHI from 49[35-57] events/h at baseline to 18[13-21] events/h (59% median reduction) compared with 39[29-48] events/h (6% median reduction) on placebo (p<0·001). Response rate for reb-oxy was 81% versus 13% for placebo p<0·001). Median nocturnal heart rate during the PSG was 65 [60-69] bpm at baseline and increased to 69 [64-77] bpm on reb-oxy vs 66 [59-70] bpm on placebo (p=0.02). Reb-oxy administration was not associated with any modification in heart rate variability, 24-hour, day-time and night-time systolic and diastolic blood pressure. The psychomotor vigilance test decreased from 250[239-312] ms on baseline to 223[172-244] ms on reb-oxy versus 264[217-284] ms on placebo (p<0·001). Home oximetry illustrated acute and sustained improvement in oxygen desaturation index on reb-oxy versus placebo. Conclusions: The recent understanding of OSA pathophysiological mechanisms brought to hypothesize that, among the others, muscle responsiveness would be the main target to develop a precision medicine to treat OSA. We demonstrated that OSA severity and OSA-related hypoxic consequences are greatly decrease by the administration of reboxetine-plus-oxybutynin. These results highlight potential possibilities for personalized medicine with pharmacological therapy to treat OSA and its related hypoxic burden.
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Lotter, Barend Theron. "Molten wax spray treatment makes oriented strandboard (OSB) more water repellent and reduces thickness swelling." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/46523.
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Mendes, Rafael Farinassi. "Efeito do tratamento térmico sobre as propriedades de painéis OSB." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11150/tde-11022011-105740/.
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O objetivo principal do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito do tratamento térmico das partículas strand (pré-tratamento) e dos painéis (pós-tratamento) sobre as propriedades físicomecânicas dos painéis, visando principalmente à melhoria de sua estabilidade dimensional. O delineamento experimental se constituiu de sete tratamentos, com a avaliação de: Duas temperaturas de tratamento das partículas (200 e 240°C) por um período de 60 minutos; do póstratamento térmico dos painéis produzidos com e sem a aplicação de parafina na temperatura de 220°C e por um período de 12 minutos; e do aumento do teor de adesivo e a aplicação de parafina em painéis sem tratamento térmico. Para cada tratamento foram produzidos três painéis com densidade nominal de 0,65 g/cm³, colados com adesivo à base de fenol-formaldeído. O ciclo de prensagem dos painéis foi o seguinte: pressão de 35 kgf/cm², temperatura de 160ºC e tempo de 8 minutos. A partir dos painéis produzidos, corpos-de-prova foram obtidos para a realização de ensaios físicos (Teor de umidade, densidade aparente, absorção de água e inchamento em espessura) e mecânicos (Módulo de ruptura, Módulo de elasticidade e Ligação interna), conduzidos conforme as normas ASTM D 1037 (2006) e DIN 52362 (1982). Mediante à análise dos resultados dos ensaios foi possível extrair as seguintes conclusões: Os painéis produzidos com as partículas tratadas termicamente a 240°C apresentaram-se superiores aos outros tratamentos em todas as propriedades físicas avaliadas, sendo portanto o tratamento com a melhor estabilidade dimensional. O pós-tratamento térmico promoveu melhora significativa das propriedades físicas dos painéis sem comprometer as propriedades mecânicas. O pré-tratamento térmico teve efeito mais pronunciado sobre as propriedades dos painéis do que o pós-tratamento térmico, proporcionando a melhoria das propriedades físicas e a diminuição das propriedades mecânicas. O aumento do teor de adesivo e a aplicação de parafina não se mostraram tão eficientes na estabilidade dimensional dos painéis OSB quanto o tratamento térmico aplicado nas partículas na temperatura de 240°C.The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of thermal treatment of strand particles (pre treatment) and panels (post-treatment) on the physical and mechanical properties of the panels, aiming primarily to improve the dimensional stability. The experimental design was consisted of seven treatments, with the evaluation of: two temperatures of particle treatment (200 and 240 °C) during 60 minutes; thermal post-treatment of the panels produced with and without the application of paraffin at 220 ° C during 12 minutes; and the increase in adhesive content and application of paraffin on the panels without thermal treatment. Three panels were produced for each treatment with nominal density of 0.65 g/cm ³, bonded with phenol-formaldehyde adhesive. The pressing cycle of the panels was as follows: 8- minute press time, pressure of 35 kgf/cm ², and temperature of 160 °C. From the panels produced, specimens were obtained to conduct physical tests (moisture content, bulk density, water absorption and thickness swelling) and mechanical (Modulus of Rupture, Modulus of elasticity and internal bonding), tests according to ASTM D 1037 (2006) and DIN 52 362 (1982) standard. Through the analysis of test results it was possible to conclude: The panels produced with the particles thermally treated at 240°C were superior to the others for all physical properties evaluated, and therefore it was treatment with better dimensional stability. The post-thermal treatment caused a significant improvement of the physical properties of the panels without compromising the mechanical properties. The prethermal treatment had an effect on the properties of the panels that was more pronounced than the post-heat treatment, providing improved physical properties and lower mechanical properties. The increase in adhesive content and the application of paraffin were not as efficient in the dimensional stability of OSB as the thermal treatment applied on the particles at 240 ° C.
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Šilkauskaitė, Aušra. "Šunų gastroduodenalinės opos." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140305_135716-36101.
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Pagrindinis darbo tikslas buvo nustatyti ir įvertinti šunų skrandžio ir dvylikapirštės žarnos opų susirgimų dažnumą, priežastis, klinikinių simptomų pasireiškimą, efektyviausius diagnozavimo bei gydymo metodus. Pasiekti šį tikslą, pirmiausiai mes išanalizavom virškinamojo trakto ligų bei skrandžio ir dvylikapirštės žarnos opų dažnumą. Antra, mes statistiškai isanalizavome labiausiai išreikštus klinikinius simptomus, budingus kraujo morfologinių ir biocheminių rodiklių pakitimus. Galiausiai, nustatėme efektyviausia diagnozavimo metodą bei taikomą gydymą.
Nustatėme, kad 2012 metais, 16,66 proc. visų šunų ligų sudarė virškinamojo trakto ligos. Iš šių virškinamojo trakto ligų 3,04 % buvo skrandžio opaligė, tuo tarpu dvylikapirštės žarnos opų nebuvo nustatyta 2012 metais. Labiausiai išreikšti skrandžio ir dvylikapirštės žarnos opų klinikiniai simptomai buvo vėmimas (90,48 % pacientų) ir viduriavimas (57,14 % pacientų). Išanalizavus kraujo morgfologinius tyrimus buvo nustatyta neutrofilija (79,31 ± 0,9875 proc.), tuo tarpu kiti kraujo morfologiniai rodikliai buvo fiziologinėse normos ribose. Išanalizavus kraujo biocheminius tyrimus buvo nustatytas nežymus bilirubino kiekio padidėjimas kraujyje (8,59 ± 0,9549 µmol/l) ir sumažėjęs ALT (67,03 ± 9,7915 U/l). Endoskopinis tyrimas buvo nustatytas kaip efektyviausias diagnozavimo metodas. Naudojant šį metodą buvo diagnozuota 90,47 proc. pacientų. Gydymui dažniausiai buvo naudojama: gastroprotektoriai (90,48 proc.), gastroprokinetikai (80... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]The main goal of this thesis was to determine and evaluate the frequency, ethiology, clinical symptoms, the most effective diagnostic and treatment methods for gastroduodenal ulcers in dogs. To achieve this goal at first we analized the frequency of gastrointestinal diseases and the frequency of gastroduodenal ulcers in dogs. Secondly, we statistically analized the most expressed clinical symptoms, the characteristic morphological and biochemical abnormalities of blood in dogs with gastroduodenal ulcers. Finally, we determined the most effective diagnostic and treatment methods. We determined that during 2012 years 16,66 % of all dogs diseases were gastrointestinal diseases (3,04% gastric ulcers, duodenal ulcers were not determined). The most expressed clinical symptoms for patients with gastroduodenal ulcers were vomiting (90,48%) and diarrhea (57,14%). Blood morphology showed high percentage of neutrophils (79,31 ± 0,9875 %), other morphological parameters were in physiologically normal range. Blood biochemistry showed little rise in bilirubin (8,59 ± 0,9549 µmol/l), and low ALT (67,03 ± 9,7915 U/l). We determined that the endoscopic method is the most effective method in diagnosing gastroduodenal ulcers. 90,47 % of gastroduodenal ulcers were diagnosed by using the endoscope. The most frequent treatment methods for gastroduodenal ulcers were gastro-protectors (90,48 % patients), gastroprokintetics (80,95 % patients), anti-acids (66,67 % patients), and diet (52,38 %... [to full text]
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Revol, Bruno. "Pharmacoépidémiologie des apnées du sommeil Impact of concomitant medications on obstructive sleep apnoea Drugs and obstructive sleep apnoeas Diagnosis and management of central sleep apnea syndrome Baclofen and sleep apnoea syndrome: analysis of VigiBase® the WHO pharmacovigilance database Gabapentinoids and sleep apnea syndrome: a safety signal from the WHO pharmacovigilance database Valproic acid and sleep apnea: a disproportionality signal from the WHO pharmacovigilance database Ticagrelor and Central Sleep Apnea What is the best treatment strategy for obstructive sleep apnoea-related hypertension? Who may benefit from diuretics in OSA? A propensity score-matched observational study." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALV026.
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Avant leur mise sur le marché, l'évaluation clinique des médicaments repose sur des essais contrôlés randomisés. Bien qu'ils représentent la méthode de référence, leurs résultats sont nécessairement limités aux patients inclus dans ces essais. De plus, ils sont d’abord conçus pour mesurer l'efficacité des traitements, avant d’évaluer leurs effets indésirables. Concernant le syndrome d'apnées du sommeil (SAS), alors que de nombreux essais médicamenteux ont été menés, la plupart des résultats sont de faible niveau de preuve, voire contradictoires. Outre la durée et les effectifs limités de ces essais, une explication est que le SAS est une pathologie hétérogène en termes de symptômes et de physiopathologie, incluant divers "phénotypes" de patients. Des données de vie réelle sont donc nécessaires pour définir quels médicaments pourraient améliorer le SAS ou les comorbidités associées et quels patients pourraient en bénéficier. Au contraire, les cliniciens doivent être avertis que certains médicaments peuvent induire ou aggraver le SAS.La pharmacoépidémiologie fait désormais partie de toute enquête de pharmacovigilance, car elle permet une approche à la fois descriptive et comparative des notifications spontanées. Des associations entre l'exposition à un ou plusieurs médicaments et l'apparition d'effets indésirables peuvent ainsi être recherchées. Comme pour toutes les études observationnelles, la principale difficulté consiste à contrôler les facteurs de confusion. L'un des modèles couramment utilisés est l'analyse cas/non-cas, qui étudie la disproportionnalité entre le nombre d’effets indésirables rapportés avec le médicament d’intérêt, par rapport aux effets notifiés pour les autres médicaments. Nous avons ainsi montré des associations significatives entre l'utilisation de baclofène, des gabapentinoïdes ou de l'acide valproïque et la survenue de SAS dans la base de pharmacovigilance de l'OMS, suggérant le rôle du système GABAergique dans la pathogenèse des apnées centrales d’origine médicamenteuse. Un signal de disproportionnalité a également été observé pour le ticagrélor, reposant sur un mécanisme d'action différent.Les analyses pharmacoépidémiologiques permettent également d'étudier le bénéfice des médicaments en vie réelle. Le score de propension est utilisé pour minimiser les biais de sélection et recréer des conditions de comparabilité proches de celles des essais randomisés. À l'aide de ces méthodes statistiques, nous avons évalué l'intérêt potentiel de cibler le système rénine-angiotensine pour la prise en charge de l'hypertension artérielle chez les patients atteints d’apnées obstructives, en particulier avec l’utilisation des sartans. Chez ces mêmes patients apnéiques et hypertendus, nos travaux suggèrent que les diurétiques pourraient diminuer la sévérité des apnées, notamment en cas de surpoids ou d’obésité modérée. Des études prospectives sont désormais nécessaires afin de confirmer ces résultats, car les données de vie réelle ne peuvent se substituer aux essais cliniques contrôlésThe clinical evaluation of drugs before approval is based on randomized controlled trials. Although they are considered as the gold standard for testing drugs, their results are necessarily limited to patients included in the trials. Moreover, almost all clinical trials are primarily designed to assess the efficacy of a treatment, so safety is only a secondary concern. Regarding sleep apnea syndrome (SAS), while many drug trials have been conducted, most of the results are weak or even contradictory. In addition to limited trial duration and population size, one explanation is that the sleep apnea population is highly heterogeneous with respect to symptoms and physiological traits linked to disease pathogenesis, giving various patient “phenotypes”. Real-life data are therefore needed to define which drugs could improve SAS or associated comorbidities and who might benefit from them. On the contrary, clinicians need to be aware that some drugs may induce or worsen sleep apnea.Pharmacoepidemiology is now part of any pharmacovigilance survey, as it provides both descriptive and comparative approaches of spontaneous reports. Associations between the exposure to one or more drugs and the occurrence of adverse effects can thus be sought. As for all observational studies, the major difficulty is to control for confounding factors. One of the study designs commonly used, is the case/non-case analysis, which investigates disproportionality between the numbers of adverse drug reactions reported with the drug of interest compared to the number reported with all other drugs. In this way, we showed significant associations between the use of baclofen, gabapentinoids or valproic acid and the reporting of SAS in the WHO drug adverse event database, suggesting a role of the GABAergic system in the pathogenesis of drug-induced central sleep apnea. A disproportionality signal was also found for ticagrelor, based on a different mechanism of action.Pharmacoepidemiological analyses also make it possible to study the benefit of drugs in real-life. Propensity scores are used to minimize selection bias, leading to a comparability between the exposure groups close to that observed in randomized trials. Using these statistical methods, we have investigated the potential value of targeting the renin-angiotensin system for the management of hypertension in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients, especially the use of sartans. For hypertensive apneic patients, our work suggests that diuretics could decrease the severity of OSA, particularly in the overweight or moderately obese. Prospective studies are now needed to confirm these findings, because real-life data cannot be a substitute for controlled clinical trials
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Wong, Andrea Jane. "The cognitive effects of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome (OSAS) : a comparison between untreated patients and patients on at least 3 months Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) treatment." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10886.
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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 68-75)Objectives: To investigate whether or not OSAS patients from the South African population showed any cognitive impairment relative to healthy individuals from the same population, and to assess whether or not untreated OSAS patients and patients on CPAP treatment differed in their cognitive functioning.
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Thorberg, Fred Arne. "Alexithymia and interpersonal functioning in alcohol use disorders." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2009.
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All human beings experience emotion. However a number of individuals have difficulties recognizing, processing and regulating their emotions. This set of emotional "deficits' is classified as alexithymia, a multifaceted personality construct consisting of difficulties identifying feelings (DIF), difficulties describing feelings (DDF) and externally oriented thinking (EOT). The prevalence rate of alexithymia in alcohol use disorders is between 45 to 67%. A number of hypotheses related to the role of alexithymia in alcohol-dependence have been proposed, and it has been hypothesised that those with alexithymia use alcohol as a coping mechanism for stress, to become more assertive or improve interpersonal functioning. Yet, few research studies have comprehensively investigated alexithymia in alcoholdependence. A lack of a theoretical framework examining alexithymia and alcohol is also apparent. Attachment theory and particularly parental bonding is considered a critical factor in the aetiology and development of alexithymia, but this hypothesis has not been thoroughly investigated.
Thus, the purpose of Study 1 using meta-analysis was to explore, clarify and report the strength of the relationship between parenting style and alexithymia. The evidence indicated moderate to strong relationships of maternal care with overall alexithymia score, DDF and DIF. Moderate relationships were reported for maternal overprotection with DDF and overall alexithymia score. Moderate associations between paternal overprotection, DDF and total alexithymia score were also found. The findings of Study 1 confirmed an important association between maternal care and key elements of alexithymia, and highlighted the potential of attachment as a theoretical :framework for further research on alexithymia and alcohol-dependence.
The objective of Study 2 was to explore the factorial validity of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), the most commonly used assessment tool for alexithymia, in a sample of210 alcohol-dependent individuals. This group of participants had an alcohol use disorder diagnosis and were attending a Cognitive Behavioral Treatment (CBT) outpatient program. Data from this sample was used in Studies 2, 3, 4 and 5 with minor variations in the actual number of participants in each of these studies. Confirmatory factor analyses were conducted using Structural Equation Modelling to evaluate the factor structure of the TAS-20. Based on previously reported factor structures, both a two-factor and a three-factor model were examined, using maximum likelihood estimation. Four of the five fit indices and a chi-square difference test indicated a superior fit for the three-factor model compared to the two-factor model. Taken together these findings demonstrated that the original three-factor model of the TAS-20 was a more plausible fit to the data than the twofactor model.
Given alexithymia's high prevalence in alcohol use disorders, valid assessment tools are critical. Study 2 confirmed the factorial validity of a self-report measure of alexithymia, the TAS-20. An objective assessment, the Observer Alexithymia Scale (OAS), has also been recommended to increase the validity of data collected. The objective of Study 3 was therefore to assess the validity and reliability of the Observer Alexithymia Scale (OAS) and the TAS-20. Data from the same 210 alcohol-dependent participants was used for Study 3. These participants were administered the TAS-20 at assessment and upon treatment completion at 12 weeks.
Clinical psychologists provided observer assessment data for a subsample of 159 patients. The findings confirmed acceptable internal consistency, test-retest reliability and scale homogeneity for both the OAS and TAS-20. The TAS-20 was more strongly associated with alcohol-dependence than the OAS and also provided stronger predictive utility towards alcohol-dependence. Problems with the discriminant and convergent validity of the OAS were evident. These findings suggest that the T AS-20 was a more psychometrically robust instrument to measure alexithymia in alcohol use disorder outpatients compared to the OAS.
A number of studies have examined alexithymia in relation to alcohol use disorders, yet there has been a lack of a theoretical framework to explore essential mechanisms in the link between alexithymia and alcohol-dependence. Study 4 introduced an integrative framework of attachment and expectancy theory, and examined theoretical relationships between attachment, alexithymia, alcohol expectancies and alcohol-dependence, in the same sample of 230 alcohol-dependent participants. Path analyses were conducted via Hierarchical Regression Analyses (for observed variables) and Structural Equation Modelling (for latent variables). Attachment was a significant predictor of alexithymia, but not for alcohol-dependence. There was also a significant prediction of DIF for the alcohol expectancy domain Assertion. The relationship between DIF and alcohol-dependence was partially mediated through the alcohol expectancy Affective Change, a key mechanism that contributes to our understanding of the link between DIF and alcohol-dependence. Taken together, these findings confirmed the importance of Affective Change in elucidating the highly rewarding effects of alcohol in those with combined alexithymia and alcohol-dependence.
Given that alexithymia may have an impact on the adherence and efficacy of psychological treatments, Study 5 examined potential differences on sociodemographic variables, alexithymia, attachment, alcohol expectancies, mood, craving and measures of alcohol-dependence between those who completed treatment and non-completers. The relationship between alexithymia and craving was also examined at baseline and at 12 week follow-up. Two hundred and eighty six consecutively treated participants diagnosed with an alcohol use disorder in an outpatient CBT program were included in the present study. There were significant differences between completers and non-completers on age, alcohol problem severity, dependent attachment, overall alexithymia score and DIF. This indicated more severe alcohol-dependence and attachment issues as well as higher levels of alexithymia in non-completers. Significant correlations between alexithymia, DIF and craving were evident as well as a significant relationship between DDF at baseline and craving at 12-week follow-up. To date, this is the first study to investigate alexithymia in relation to craving among those with alcohol-dependence, and suggests that a lack of emotional insight and confusion about feelings are associated with a stronger desire to drink alcohol. These findings highlight the potential importance of alexithymia in relation to treatment completion, and further research is needed to elucidate the role of alexithymia in relation to more standardised treatment outcome variables among those with alcohol use disorders.
The developmental social-cognitive model presented partially integrates expectancy theory within attachment theory and for the first time provides a unified model to examine alexithymia in alcohol use disorders. The theoretical and clinical implications of this model are discussed in relation to a theoretical extension, molecular genetic factors, treatment approaches and future prevention of alcoholdependence.
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Busto, Busto Olga. "Estudio sobre la determinación de aminas biógenas en vinos por HPLC." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/9047.
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Las aminas biógenas se localizan en alimentos relacionados con procesos de fermentación, maduración o degradación (cerveza, queso, pescado, vino,...). Desempeñan un importante papel en su calidad organoléptica, siendo también claros exponentes de las características tecnológicas e higiénico-sanitarias de los procesos a los que han sido sometidos en su elaboración.El objetivo fundamental de esta Tesis Doctoral ha sido investigar cuál es el rol que la cromatografía líquida de alta resolución y la extracción en fase sólida pueden desempeñar en el establecimiento de métodos de control analítico de aminas biógenas en vinos.
La estructura general de la memoria está dividida en dos partes, correspondiendo la primera de ellas a la introducción teórica de los apartados relacionados con el desarrollo de los métodos optimizados y aplicados en la parte experimental de la tesis, y que constituyen la segunda parte de ella.
Todos los métodos descritos están publicados en revistas de reconocido prestigio internacional, dando lugar a un total de siete artículos de interés científico.
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Wu, Jie-Han, and 吳杰翰. "A Sleep Quality Evaluation System for OSA Patients after CPAP Treatment." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/65579890741649043112.
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碩士輔仁大學
資訊工程學系
100
Obstructive sleep apnea is the common diseases of modern people. Most of the obstructive sleep apnea patients can accept the medical treatment by carrying the continuous positive airway pressure device to sleep. However, some of the patients complain to improvement the condition of sleep quality. They need complicate polysomnography examination and clinical diagnosis to judge the improvement. It is an important issue about how to design a sleep quality index to help the clinicians to diagnose the improvement of obstructive sleep apnea patients after continuous positive airway pressure treatment. This work proposes a sleep quality evaluation system for sleep quality improvement according to the signal features of electroencephalogram and electrocardiogram and fuzzy theory. The experimental results show that the sleep quality evaluation is positive correlated to the apnea-hypopnea index. The sleep quality evaluation can find the clear sleep improvement of the patients after continuous positive airway pressure treatment.
Books on the topic "OSA treatment"
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Pariseau, Claude. Les troubles de 1860-1880 à Oka: Choc de deux cultures. 2nd ed. [Sherbrooke, Québec]: C. Pariseau, 1991.
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Bone tumors: Diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Co., 1991.
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B, Skinner Harry, ed. Current diagnosis & treatment in orthopedics. 3rd ed. New York: Lange Medical Books/McGraw-Hill, Medical Pub. Division, 2003.
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B, Skinner Harry, ed. Current diagnosis & treatment in orthopedics. 4th ed. New York: Lange Medical Books/McGraw-Hill, Medical Pub. Division, 2006.
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Toshitsugu, Oda, ed. 40-dai kara no gan no jikaku shōjō to saishin chiryōhō jiten: Gan ni tsuite shiru, soshite gan o yobōsuru / kanshū Oda Toshitsugu ; cho Gan Chirō Kenkyū Sentā. Tōkyō: Dōbun Shoin, 1999.
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Current diagnosis and treatment in orthopedics. New York, NY: Lange Medical Books/McGraw-Hill, 2006.
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B, Skinner Harry, ed. Current diagnosis & treatment in orthopedics. 2nd ed. New York: Lange Medical Books, 2000.
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Jobe, Andrea L. Bhāṣaṇa śikṣaṇa--karadīpika: Śastra cikitsatō savariñcina grahaṇa morri pai pedavi mariyu aṅgililō gala pillalu peddulu kōraku oka bhāṣaṇa śikṣaṇā sādhanaṃ : Telugu prati. Sikindrābād, Iṇḍiyā: Ār. Es. Eph.-Ert Spīk, 2003.
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Ebben, Matthew R. Review of PAP Therapy for the Treatment of OSA, an Issue of Sleep Medicine Clinics. Elsevier, 2023.
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Ryan, Laura, and Paul Hopkins. Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Edited by Erin S. Williams, Olutoyin A. Olutoye, Catherine P. Seipel, and Titilopemi A. O. Aina. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190678333.003.0011.
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Adenotonsillectomy is one of the most commonly performed surgeries in children and is the mainstay treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Children with OSA have a higher risk of perioperative respiratory morbidity. Diagnosis of OSA is made by overnight polysomnography, but this resource is rare and expensive so children at risk for OSA must be identified based on parental history. Patients with risk factors for postoperative respiratory complications may need to be monitored in the hospital overnight. Anesthetic challenges associate with adenotonsillectomy include perioperative analgesia, prevention and treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting, risk of airway fire, and management of airway obstruction.
Book chapters on the topic "OSA treatment"
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Jones, Shirley F., and Veronica Brito. "Effects of Obesity on OSA and Its Treatment." In Primary Care Sleep Medicine, 193–202. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1185-1_18.
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Menon, Suresh. "Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome." In Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery for the Clinician, 1577–89. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1346-6_71.
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AbstractObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a condition that occurs due to aberrations in the oropharyngeal anatomy and the upper airway dilator muscle physiology with neurocognitive and cardiovascular sequelae. The mandibular-maxillary complex as the causative factor entails the maxillofacial surgeon to diagnose and treat the case when present, using the different treatment modalities available in the armamentarium.
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Anchlia, Sonal. "Temporomandibular Joint Ankylosis." In Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery for the Clinician, 1401–34. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1346-6_65.
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AbstractThe purpose of this chapter is to inculcate a newer, deeper understanding of TMJ Ankylosis– both from the pathological as well as the clinical view point. Newer classifications may now determine surgical procedures. Interpositional materials may not be just soft tissues interposed between the cut ends, but also hard tissues forming the new Ramus Condyle Unit (RCU). Facial deformity may be recognized to be as important as inability to open the mouth; more so, if accompanied by Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Multi-staged treatment plans of release first followed by asymmetry correction may be replaced by single staged joint replacement & total facial aesthetic as well as functional rehabilitation. Finally, the importance of unfavorable events in TMJ Ankylosis surgery may be recognized, which would lead to better results in terms of treatment goals, i.e. to restore joint function, improve facial appearance & airway issues, correct malocclusion & re-establish harmony between the TMJ, the face and the teeth.
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Montevecchi, Filippo, Giovanni Cammaroto, Giannicola Iannella, Angelo Cannavicci, Henry Zhang, Elisa Raggini, Bianca Vallicelli, and Milena Di Luca. "Effectiveness of Barbed Repositioning Pharyngoplasty for the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA): Prospective Outcomes, Multicentric Studies and Review of Literature Results." In Barbed Pharyngoplasty and Sleep Disordered Breathing, 207–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-96169-5_19.
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van Maanen, J. Peter, Arjan van der Star, and Nico de Vries. "Long-Term (6 Months) Effectiveness, Compliance, and Subjective Sleep Outcomes of Treatment with the Sleep Position Trainer in a Large Cohort of Position-Dependent OSA Patients." In Positional Therapy in Obstructive Sleep Apnea, 265–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09626-1_24.
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Mandolini, Marco, Manila Caragiuli, Daniele Landi, Antonio Gracco, Giovanni Bruno, Alberto De Stefani, and Alida Mazzoli. "Evaluation of the Effects Caused by Mandibular Advancement Devices Using a Numerical Simulation Model." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 101–7. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70566-4_17.
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AbstractObstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a sleep disorder that causes pauses in breathing or periods of shallow breathing during sleep. Mandibular advancement devices (MADs) represent a non-invasive treatment for OSAS that has had the highest development in recent years. Nevertheless, literature has not primarily investigated the effects of mandibular advancement. This paper presents a finite element method numerical simulation model for evaluating the stress/strain distribution on the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and periodontal ligaments caused by advancement devices used for the treatment of OSAS. Results highlight that the mandible lift phase generates significant stress values on TMJ, which cannot be neglected for extended usage of MADs. Furthermore, mandible molar teeth are more loaded than incisor ones.
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Capasso, Robson, and Soroush Zaghi. "Innovations in Surgical Treatment of OSA." In Sleep Apnea and Snoring, 446–51. Elsevier, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-44339-5.00075-4.
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Motz, Kevin, and Susheel P. Patil. "The Prevalence and Impact of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Current Management Landscape." In Upper Airway Stimulation Therapy for Obstructive Sleep Apnea, 5–26. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197521625.003.0002.
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Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by repeated collapse of the upper airway during sleep that leads to reduced airflow and oxyhemoglobin desaturation. The disorder is highly prevalent, with obesity, male sex, and increasing age as risk factors. Consequences of untreated OSA include neurocognitive impairment, such as excessive daytime sleepiness, and an increased risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. Positive airway pressure therapy remains the most common treatment for OSA. Over the last few decades, alternative nonsurgical and surgical treatments have been developed. Although surgical approaches are rarely curative, careful patient selection may benefit a subpopulation of people living with OSA. Selective hypoglossal nerve stimulation represents a new treatment strategy for the management of OSA in selected patients.
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Horan, Michael P., Sally Ibrahim, and Petra Olivieri. "On the Cutting Edge." In Sleep Disorders, 451–67. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190671099.003.0024.
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The patient presented in this chapter had uncontrolled obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and was intolerant of positive airway pressure (PAP). Previous conservative and surgical interventions failed. The patient was successfully treated with maxillomandibular advancement (MMA) surgery. Although many patients benefit from first-line therapy with PAP for OSA, some are intolerant of PAP and require discussion of alternative treatments. Maxillofacial surgical approaches are an option for the treatment of OSA in patients whose craniofacial anatomy is anatomically appropriate. With MMA, patients can achieve significant improvement and in many cases can achieve cure of OSA. Multiple studies support the benefits of MMA in those who are candidates for this treatment.
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Trăistaru, Teodor, Mihaela Pantea, Ana Maria Cristina Țâncu, and Marina Imre. "Elements of Diagnosis and Non-surgical Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults from the Dental Medicine Perspective." In Sleep Medicine and the Evolution of Contemporary Sleep Pharmacotherapy. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.100419.
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Dentists hold a key role in the context of ever-growing concerns regarding the management of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) in adults. Dentists’ contribution in this domain starts with the screening of patients with possible OSA. An earlier intervention for correcting a dento-maxillary anomaly or a parafunction will often serve as a preventive treatment with regard to possible OSA. Furthermore, dental medicine offers nowadays, apart from orthodontic and surgical treatment, a set of therapeutical methods, the most commonly used being the oral appliance and myofunctional therapies. Another important sphere of professional responsibility of the dentist involved in the treatment of OSA consists of periodical examinations focused on assessing clinical evolution, corrective interventions on oral appliances and interventions for preventing local complications. On the other hand, recent studies indicate the potential of different pharmacotherapy agents on OSA pathophysiology, severity and treatment. These agents have shown promising results in improving the efficacy of other therapies dedicated to OSA, therefore, current topics in modern scientific research include the evaluation of standard, even higher doses of single agents or the combination of different agents on the evolution of OSA, as well as the assessment of the association of diverse pharmacotherapy agents with other OSA therapies.
Conference papers on the topic "OSA treatment"
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Righini, Paolo, Alessandro Oliva, Valter Gallo, Giovanni Maria Ferrari, Massimo Comune, Marco Ottavio Gilardino, and Roberto Prota. "Oral Appliances (OAs) treatment in Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) : a three years experience." In ERS International Congress 2018 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2018.pa4345.
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Itzkan, Irving, and Michael S. Feld. "UV strategy for controlled treatment of atherosclerosis." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1991.tul3.
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We discuss the experimental results obtained on optical fiber breakdown and calcified tissue ablation which led us to choose a 355-nm, 400-ns laser as the ablation laser for the treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Ho, Seng-Tiong. "Treatment of spatial propagation and localized states in quantum optics." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1993.thl.7.
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In this paper, we show that a localized photon annihilation operators b ^ can be constructed to treat spatial propagation and atom-field interaction problem in quantum optics, where b ^ can be expressed as an integral over the +z or −z propagating part of the vector potential operator.
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Hata, C., H. Hiraga, S. Omi, K. Uchida, Y. Asahara, A. J. Ikushima, T. Tokizaki, and A. Nakamura. "Influence of H2O treatment on the photoluminescence of CdSe-doped glass." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1991.mss4.
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Semiconductor-doped glass (SDG) is an attractive nonlinear material because of its relatively large optical nonlinearity and fast response. The photoluminescence spectrum of SDG usually consists of two bands: one is a less intense and higher energy band, which is assigned to the direct carrier recombination and the other is a lower energy broader band, which seems to be caused by a trapped carrier recombination. The latter has a relatively slow decay and is required to be illuminated for fast nonlinear response.
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Ren, W., and H. J. Carmichael. "Bloch-state treatment of an atom in a standing-wave cavity." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1992.thuu6.
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We use a basis of Bloch wave functions to solve the problem of spontaneous emission from an atom inside a standing-wave cavity. In this way we incorporate the effects of the atom’s quantized center-mass-motion in the periodic light-force potential of the one-quantum dressed states during the spontaneous emission process. We calculate emission spectra and the momentum distribution of the atom. Under strong-coupling conditions, “vacuum” Rabi spectra become asymmetric, with an increased relative weight given to the red side of the spectrum because of the transfer of energy to the center-of-mass motion of the atom. Because of the nonperturbative interaction between the atom and the cavity mode, many momentum quanta are transferred to the atom from the cavity mirrors during the irreversible emission of just one photon. Thus, the atom is diffracted by its own radiation reaction field. We analyze these effects using the Bloch-state basis. Use of the secular approximation provides a simple rate equation description of transitions from the Bloch states excited in the initial state to the atom-cavity ground state. We compare this approach with other ways of doing the calculations and discuss the accuracy of the secular approximation. We consider the extension of these calculations to treat the effects of photon statistics on the momentum distribution of atoms traversing a standing-wave cavity.
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Goldman, Leon. "Chromophores in tissue for laser medicine and surgery." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1988.thd1.
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Early in the development of laser medicine and laser surgery, endogenous chromophores in mammalian tissue established the great value of the color selective action of lasers in the visible light range. From these models, there developed laser treatments of incurable birthmarks, cancer surgery, surgery of the heart and blood vessels, and even the treatment of tattoos. With the subsequent development of photodynamic therapy, a successful cancer treatment program was established. This was based on the localization and induced fluorescence of cancer tissue by derivatives of the chromophore and hematoporphyrin. The concept of laser thermophotolysis of Anderson and Parriash and the development of the technology of exogenous chromophores expanded the applications of lasers not only to cancer tissue but to potential uses for toxins, antigens, antibodies, etc. through conjugation and subsequent destruction of the combination by lasers with selective wavelengths. The uses then of selective localization and types of exogenous chromophore are limitless for laser applications for mammalian tissues.
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Zavrel, Erik A., and Matthew R. Ebben. "A Novel Genioglossal Strengthening Device for Obstructive Sleep Apnea Treatment." In 2018 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2018-6809.
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Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a condition characterized by temporary diminutions or cessations of breathing caused by repetitive collapse of the upper airway (UA) during sleep [1]. OSA is a common disorder — the American Academy of Sleep Medicine estimates the condition affects 29.4 million Americans — in which the muscles that hold the airway open weaken, resulting in partial or complete UA collapse during inspiration [2]. These pauses in breathing lead to blood oxygen desaturation and induce neurological arousal resulting in sleep disruption and fragmentation. The cycle of airway collapse and arousal can repeat hundreds of times per night.
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Wang, Paul W., and Ling Lu. "Interactions of carbon and oxygen on glass surfaces." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1992.thw7.
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Interactions between carbon and oxygen on glass surfaces under heat treatments have been observed in x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements. The reactions of carbon and oxygen on surfaces were monitored by the binding energies of photoelectrons emitted from 1s states of carbon and oxygen. A single XPS C1 s peak was broadened and two peaks were clearly resolved after the sample was silica heated above 250°C. These two-component carbon peak positions were analyzed through the curve fitting technique. Not only the ratio of high-binding and low-binding peaks of C1 s but also the relative peak positions were changed with the sample temperature and the period of heat treatment. Comparison studies on the oxygen 1s peak also showed the development of two component peak. The relative concentrations of two peaks changed with sample temperature and the duration of heat treatment. The two-component peaks appeared in C1 s as well as in Ol s ′ which strongly indicates that bonds between carbon and oxygen are formed during sample heating.
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Ouellette, Francois, Kenneth O. Hill, and Derwyn C. Johnson. "Enhancement of second harmonic conversion in optical fibers by hydrogen and heat treatment." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1988.fs3.
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Efficient second harmonic generation in optical fibers is still a largely unexplained phenomenon.1 In particular, neither the microscopic mechanism nor the defects or impurities that might be involved have been identified yet. We present new results that may contribute toward a solution of this problem. We modified the defect content of a Ge-doped-core fiber by subjecting it to a hydrogen and heat treatment that led directly to enhancement of the achievable second harmonic conversion efficiency. The fiber was placed in a pressure chamber with 3-atm H2 at room temperature for 3 days and was then removed and heated at 250°C for 6 h. Strands of this fiber, 15 cm long, were prepared for second harmonic generation: each was seeded with light at 1.06 μm and 532 nm at fixed power levels for a fixed time, long enough to reach saturation of the conversion efficiency.2 The conversion efficiency of the treated fiber was compared with that of untreated strands of the same fiber seeded in identical conditions. To date, an enhancement by more than a factor of 2 has been observed in such treated fibers.
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Foote, P. D., T. J. Hall, L. M. Connor, and R. Jaura. "General vector theory of beam coupling in photorefractive media." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1985.thg8.
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The constraints of crystal symmetries in photorefractive media necessitate a general vector treatment of light scattering to explain fully the qualities of observed photorefractive effects. Commonly used photorefractive crystals1 are generally anisotropic (as is evident from their natural birefringence and electrooptic properties). Previous treatments of wave coupling phenomena in these materials have included the imposition of vector properties (by consideration of special cases of input beam polarization states and crystal orientations) on results from essentially scalar coupled wave theories. We report an approach to the beam coupling problem in which no such scalar field approximations are made. This work has revealed new results, supported by experiment, which do not arise from previous less general analyses.
Reports on the topic "OSA treatment"
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Zhao, Binghao, Yu Wang, and Wenbin Ma. Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Therapeutics for Elderly Glioblastoma: a Bayesian Network Analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.3.0094.
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Review question / Objective: At this time, a comprehensive systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) was conducted to: (1) fill the research gap by giving rankings on treatment efficacy; (2) provide statistical evidence of not head-to-head comparisons; (3) seek out the best and up-to-date therapeutic strategy reported in latest RCTs; (4) address potential adverse events (AEs) of available treatments. Condition being studied: The incidence of glioblastoma (GBM) increases with age, until now, there has been less evidence on the optimal treatments for elderly GBM since only general GBM populations were included in clinical trials. Given the poor survival of elderly GBM, we collected randomized controlled trials about newly diagnosed GBM (ndGBM) and recurrent GBM, and conducted a Bayesian network meta-analysis on ndGBM regarding overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). We revealed TTF + TMZ and TMZ + HFRT were likely to be best treatments for OS; BEV + HFRT and TMZ + HFRT were likely to be best options for PFS. Current study is the most comprehensive and powered network analysis on elderly GBM until now, it also provides more insights for elderly GBM management.
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Author, Not Given. Stabilization Using Phosphate Bonded Ceramics. Salt Containing Mixed Waste Treatment. Mixed Waste Focus Area. OST Reference No. 117. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1248378.
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Author, Not Given. Mixed Waste Encapsulation in Polyester Resins. Treatment for Mixed Wastes Containing Salts. Mixed Waste Focus Area. OST Reference #1685. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1248048.
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Han, Yuyuan, Weiming Zhang, Qi yan Mo, Lu Han, and Sikai Nong. A meta-analysis of prognosis difference between adolescent and adult nasopharyngeal carcinoma. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.3.0131.
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Review question / Objective: Clinical trials for young patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma are very limited. because of the rarity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in young patients, oncologists are forced to follow treatment guidelines developed for adults for adolescent nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. This study examines the differences in outcomes between adolescent and adult nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients treated with the same regimen and has clinical implications for the treatment of adolescent nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. P : Patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. I : Adolescents. C : Adults. O : 5-year overall survival (OS). S : case-control study. Condition being studied: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Clinical trials for young patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma are very limited. because of the rarity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in young patients, oncologists are forced to follow treatment guidelines developed for adults for adolescent nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. This study examines the differences in outcomes between adolescent and adult nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients treated with the same regimen and has clinical implications for the treatment of adolescent nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients.
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Weidong, Zhang, Zhenhai Cui, Liquan Sha, and wenhai Zhao. Tuina for osteoarthritis : a protocol for systematic review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.10.0122.
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Review question / Objective: As a traditional Chinese medicine technique, massage can treat osteoarthritis. The aim of this systematic review protocol was to evaluate the value of the efficacy and safety of tuina in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Condition being studied: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a particularly common chronic degenerative disease that not only severely affects patients' joint function and quality of life, but also causes serious health problems worldwide. Tuina, a traditional Chinese medicine technique, has been widely used to treat OA in Asian countries such as China and Thailand, but the evidence for its effectiveness is unclear.
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Chang, Ke-Vin. Ultrasonography for the Diagnosis of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Protocol for an Umbrella Review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.4.0058.
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Review question / Objective: This meta-analysis aimed to compare the clinical effectiveness and safety between radioactive versus normal stent insertion for patients with malignant hilar obstruction. Condition being studied: Malignant hilar obstruction (MHO) is a common clinical condition that is caused by the hilar cholangiocarcinoma, gallbladder carcinoma, or hilar metastasis. Most of the patients with MHO underwent palliative biliary drainage or stening by an endoscopic or percutaneous approach until end of life. The previous studies suggested that that bilateral stent placement and the use of metal stents are superior to unilateral and plastic stents in the items of stent patency. However, bilateral stenting did not improve the patients’ overall survival (OS) because stent alone had no treatment effect on the tumors themselves. Although several treatment options, including chemotherapy, external radiation, intra-ductal brachytherapy, etc, has been used to prolong the stent patency and OS for patients with malignant biliary obstruction (MBO), intra-ductal brachytherapy using I-125 seeds has been widely used because of its persistent brachytherapeutic effect. To combine the I-125 seeds and metal stent together, many researchers have developed a radioactive stent (RS) for the patients with MBO. Many meta-analyses also confirmed that RS insertion was associated with significant longer stent patency and OS for patients with MBO when compared to normal stent (NS). However, whether RS can also provide a good effectiveness for patients with MHO is still unclear.
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Martin, Torge. Runoff remapping for ocean model forcing. GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/sw_2_2021.
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A Pyhton-based toolbox to remap daily runoff fields of the JRA55-do reanalysis (Tsujino et al., 2018, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2018.07.002) onto any ocean model grid. Runoff from the original global JRA grid is collected and redistributed to a given model coastline. A particular feature is the optional treatment of river mouths: runoff from grid nodes, which is of exceptionally large magnitude after the basic remapping, can be radially spread to ocean nodes farther offshore. The scripts were tested successfully for NEMO ocean model configurations of various resolution (global grids ORCA025 and ORC05 as well as regional nests VIKING10, ORION10, VIKING20X and INALT20X) at GEOMAR, Kiel (see Biastoch et al., 2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2021-37 for an application). General instructions are provided for how to process the original JRA runoff files and also for the optional river mouth treatment. The technique is illustrated by examples of the fragmented coast of Greenland and the Amazon river mouth. While the code is versatile, examples are given for an application with the NEMO ocean model.
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Liao, Jianhua, Jingting Liu, Baoqing Liu, Chunyan Meng, and Peiwen Yuan. Effect of OIP5-AS1 on clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of cancer patients: a meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.10.0118.
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Review question / Objective: According to recent studies, long non-coding RNA (lncRNAs) i.e., OPA-interacting protein 5 antisense RNA 1 (OIP5-AS1) has an important role in various carcinomas. However, its role in the cancer is contradictory. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the link between OIP5-AS1 and cancer patients' clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis to better understand OIP5-AS1's role in cancer. Condition being studied: Reported studies have revealed that long non-coding RNA (lncRNAs) are considerably involved in crucial physiological events in several carcinomas, it can inhibit or promote the occurrence and development of tumors by changing the sequence and spatial structure, modulating epigenetic, regulating the expression level and interacting with binding proteins. However, the mechanism of cancer regulation via lncRNAs was incompletely understood. Hence, clarifying the application value of lncRNAs in preclinical and clinical disease diagnosis and treatment was therefore the prime objective in the field of cancer research at the time.
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Marenco-Hillembrand, Lina, Michael A. Bamimore, Julio Rosado-Philippi, Blake Perdikis, David N. Abarbanel, Alfredo Quinones-Hinojosa, Kaisorn L. Chaichana, and Wendy J. Sherman. The Evolving Landscape of Leptomeningeal Cancer from Solid Tumors: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.12.0112.
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Review question / Objective: Among adult patients with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis from solid tumors (population) treated with chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or immunotherapy (intervention and comparator) what are the differences in overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) and treatment response based on clinical trial outcomes? Eligibility criteria: Included articles reported 1) human subjects ≥ 18 years 2) diagnosis of leptomeningeal carcinomatosis from solid tumors confirmed by imaging or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology and clinical or neurological symptoms 3) clinical trials 4) with either PFS or MOS outcomes listed. Book chapters, case reports, review articles, observational studies, ed-itorials, and publications of leptomeningeal cancer from hematological tumors and studies consisting solely of pediatric patients were excluded from the analysis.
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Gandhi, Naline, Amatullah Sana Qadeer, Ananda Meher, Jennifer Rachel, Abhilash Patra, Jebamalar John, Aiswarya Anilkumar, Ambarish Dutta, Sarit Kumar Rout, and Lipika Nanda. A systematic review of cost effectiveness of total knee replacement vs non-surgical management among 40 years and above population with knee osteoarthritis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.9.0044.
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Review question / Objective: Clinically, knee is the most common site of OA, followed by the hand and hip. The main research question is what are different costing methodologies used and its quality in studies related to cost effectiveness of TKR compared to non-surgical treatment procedures. Based on this review question, the following objectives are proposed: 1. To assess different methodologies, scope and quality of studies related to cost effectiveness of TKR compared to non-surgical management. 2. To synthesize evidence of TKR cost and compare the variations across different countries. Information sources: All sources with information on TKR, economic evaluations and non-surgical management namely journals, handbooks, internet sources, published conference abstracts, thesis, and electronic databases will be searched extensively.